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Barberot C, Moniot A, Allart-Simon I, Malleret L, Yegorova T, Laronze-Cochard M, Bentaher A, Médebielle M, Bouillon JP, Hénon E, Sapi J, Velard F, Gérard S. Synthesis and biological evaluation of pyridazinone derivatives as potential anti-inflammatory agents. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 146:139-146. [PMID: 29407945 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4), that controls intracellular level of cyclic nucleotide cAMP, has aroused scientific attention as a suitable target for anti-inflammatory therapy in respiratory diseases. Here we describe the development of two families of pyridazinone derivatives as potential PDE4 inhibitors and their evaluation as anti-inflammatory agents. Among these derivatives, 4,5-dihydropyridazinone representatives possess promising activity, selectivity towards PDE4 isoenzymes and are able to reduce IL-8 production by human primary polymorphonuclear cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Barberot
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, UFR Sciences, Moulin de La Housse and UFR Pharmacie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France
| | - Aurélie Moniot
- Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4691 Biomatériaux & Inflammation en Site OSseux (BIOS), SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), UFR Pharmacie and UFR Odontologie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France
| | - Ingrid Allart-Simon
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, UFR Sciences, Moulin de La Housse and UFR Pharmacie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France
| | - Laurette Malleret
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), EA7426, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, 165 Chemin Du Grand Revoyet, 69921 Oullins, France
| | - Tatiana Yegorova
- Normandie Univ, INSA Rouen, UNIROUEN, CNRS, COBRA (UMR 6014), 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Marie Laronze-Cochard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, UFR Sciences, Moulin de La Housse and UFR Pharmacie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France
| | - Abderrazzaq Bentaher
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), EA7426, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, 165 Chemin Du Grand Revoyet, 69921 Oullins, France
| | - Maurice Médebielle
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, INSA, CPE-Lyon, ICBMS, UMR 5246, 43 Bd Du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Eric Hénon
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, UFR Sciences, Moulin de La Housse and UFR Pharmacie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France
| | - Janos Sapi
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, UFR Sciences, Moulin de La Housse and UFR Pharmacie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France
| | - Frédéric Velard
- Université de Reims-Champagne-Ardenne, EA 4691 Biomatériaux & Inflammation en Site OSseux (BIOS), SFR CAP-Santé (FED 4231), UFR Pharmacie and UFR Odontologie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France
| | - Stéphane Gérard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR), UMR CNRS 7312, UFR Sciences, Moulin de La Housse and UFR Pharmacie, 51 Rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims, France.
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Boxio R, Wartelle J, Nawrocki-Raby B, Lagrange B, Malleret L, Hirche T, Taggart C, Pacheco Y, Devouassoux G, Bentaher A. Neutrophil elastase cleaves epithelial cadherin in acutely injured lung epithelium. Respir Res 2016; 17:129. [PMID: 27751187 PMCID: PMC5067913 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0449-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In acutely injured lungs, massively recruited polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) secrete abnormally neutrophil elastase (NE). Active NE creates a localized proteolytic environment where various host molecules are degraded leading to impairment of tissue homeostasis. Among the hallmarks of neutrophil-rich pathologies is a disrupted epithelium characterized by the loss of cell-cell adhesion and integrity. Epithelial-cadherin (E-cad) represents one of the most important intercellular junction proteins. E-cad exhibits various functions including its role in maintenance of tissue integrity. While much interest has focused on the expression and role of E-cad in different physio- and physiopathological states, proteolytic degradation of this structural molecule and ensuing potential consequences on host lung tissue injury are not completely understood. Methods NE capacity to cleave E-cad was determined in cell-free and lung epithelial cell culture systems. The impact of such cleavage on epithelial monolayer integrity was then investigated. Using mice deficient in NE in a clinically relevant experimental model of acute pneumonia, we examined whether degraded E-cad is associated with lung inflammation and injury and whether NE contributes to E-cad cleavage. Finally, we checked for the presence of both degraded E-cad and NE in bronchoalveolar lavage samples obtained from patients with exacerbated COPD, a clinical manifestation characterised by a neutrophilic inflammatory response. Results We show that NE is capable of degrading E-cad in vitro and in cultured cells. NE-mediated degradation of E-cad was accompanied with loss of epithelial monolayer integrity. Our in vivo findings provide evidence that NE contributes to E-cad cleavage that is concomitant with lung inflammation and injury. Importantly, we observed that the presence of degraded E-cad coincided with the detection of NE in diseased human lungs. Conclusions Active NE has the capacity to cleave E-cad and interfere with its cell-cell adhesion function. These data suggest a mechanism by which unchecked NE participates potentially to the pathogenesis of neutrophil-rich lung inflammatory and tissue-destructive diseases. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12931-016-0449-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Boxio
- Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium Group, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud, EA 7426, UCBL 1, Inserm U-1111, Pierre Benite - Lyon Sud, France
| | - Julien Wartelle
- Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium Group, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud, EA 7426, UCBL 1, Inserm U-1111, Pierre Benite - Lyon Sud, France
| | | | - Brice Lagrange
- Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium Group, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud, EA 7426, UCBL 1, Inserm U-1111, Pierre Benite - Lyon Sud, France
| | - Laurette Malleret
- Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium Group, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud, EA 7426, UCBL 1, Inserm U-1111, Pierre Benite - Lyon Sud, France
| | - Timothee Hirche
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, German Clinic for Diagnostics (DKD), Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Clifford Taggart
- Centre for Infection and Immunity, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Yves Pacheco
- Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium Group, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud, EA 7426, UCBL 1, Inserm U-1111, Pierre Benite - Lyon Sud, France
| | - Gilles Devouassoux
- Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium Group, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud, EA 7426, UCBL 1, Inserm U-1111, Pierre Benite - Lyon Sud, France.,CHU Croix-Rousse, Lyon, France
| | - Abderrazzaq Bentaher
- Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium Group, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Sud, EA 7426, UCBL 1, Inserm U-1111, Pierre Benite - Lyon Sud, France.
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Gandolfi F, Malleret L, Sergent M, Doumenq P. Parameters optimization using experimental design for headspace solid phase micro-extraction analysis of short-chain chlorinated paraffins in waters under the European water framework directive. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1406:59-67. [PMID: 26129985 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The water framework directives (WFD 2000/60/EC and 2013/39/EU) force European countries to monitor the quality of their aquatic environment. Among the priority hazardous substances targeted by the WFD, short chain chlorinated paraffins C10-C13 (SCCPs), still represent an analytical challenge, because few laboratories are nowadays able to analyze them. Moreover, an annual average quality standards as low as 0.4μgL(-1) was set for SCCPs in surface water. Therefore, to test for compliance, the implementation of sensitive and reliable analysis method of SCCPs in water are required. The aim of this work was to address this issue by evaluating automated solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) combined on line with gas chromatography-electron capture negative ionization mass spectrometry (GC/ECNI-MS). Fiber polymer, extraction mode, ionic strength, extraction temperature and time were the most significant thermodynamic and kinetic parameters studied. To determine the suitable factors working ranges, the study of the extraction conditions was first carried out by using a classical one factor-at-a-time approach. Then a mixed level factorial 3×2(3) design was performed, in order to give rise to the most influent parameters and to estimate potential interactions effects between them. The most influent factors, i.e. extraction temperature and duration, were optimized by using a second experimental design, in order to maximize the chromatographic response. At the close of the study, a method involving headspace SPME (HS-SPME) coupled to GC/ECNI-MS is proposed. The optimum extraction conditions were sample temperature 90°C, extraction time 80min, with the PDMS 100μm fiber and desorption at 250°C during 2min. Linear response from 0.2ngmL(-1) to 10ngmL(-1) with r(2)=0.99 and limits of detection and quantification, respectively of 4pgmL(-1) and 120pgmL(-1) in MilliQ water, were achieved. The method proved to be applicable in different types of waters and show key advantages, such as simplicity, automation and sensitivity, required for the monitoring programs linked to the WFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Gandolfi
- Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire de Chimie de l'Environnement FRE CNRS 3416, Equipe Micropolluants Organiques, Europôle de l'Arbois, Bat. Villemin BP80, 13545 AIX-EN-PROVENCE Cedex 4, France
| | - L Malleret
- Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire de Chimie de l'Environnement FRE CNRS 3416, Equipe Micropolluants Organiques, Europôle de l'Arbois, Bat. Villemin BP80, 13545 AIX-EN-PROVENCE Cedex 4, France.
| | - M Sergent
- Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire d'Instrumentation et de Sciences Analytiques EA 4672, Campus Scientifique de St Jérôme, 13397 Marseille Cedex 20, France
| | - P Doumenq
- Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire de Chimie de l'Environnement FRE CNRS 3416, Equipe Micropolluants Organiques, Europôle de l'Arbois, Bat. Villemin BP80, 13545 AIX-EN-PROVENCE Cedex 4, France
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Lagrange B, Bellanger C, Malleret L, Benmohamed F, Freymond N, Devouassoux G, Touqui L, Belaaouaj A. Study of cytosolic phospholipase A2 role in COPD exacerbations using a cell culture model. Rev Mal Respir 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2014.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kanzari F, Syakti AD, Asia L, Malleret L, Piram A, Mille G, Doumenq P. Distributions and sources of persistent organic pollutants (aliphatic hydrocarbons, PAHs, PCBs and pesticides) in surface sediments of an industrialized urban river (Huveaune), France. Sci Total Environ 2014; 478:141-51. [PMID: 24530594 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Surface sediments from the Huveaune River were analyzed for n-alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticides (OCs and OPs) by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Concentrations of total alkanes ranged from 184 to 26,780 μg·kg(-1) sediment dry weight (dw) with a mean concentration of 6,126 ± 8,006 μg·kg(-1)dw, concentrations of total PAHs ranged from 572 to 4,235 μg·kg(-1)dw with a mean concentration of 1966 ± 1,104 μg·kg(-1) dw, concentrations of total PCB ranged from 2.8 to 435 μg·kg(-1)dw with a mean concentration of 148 ± 164 μg·kg(-1)dw and concentrations of total pesticides ranged from 0.07 to 1.25 μg·kg(-1)dw with a mean concentration of 1.23 ± 1.29 μg·kg(-1)dw. The spatial distribution of POPs reveals that pollutant concentration is relatively higher at the mouth of the river. The molecular indices of specific n-alkanes (CPI, NAR and TAR) and molecular indices of PAHs (Ant/(Ant+Phe), Fl/(Fl+Pyr), BaA/(BaA+Chry), IPyr/(Ipyr+BghiP)) were calculated to evaluate the possible sources of hydrocarbons. These molecular indices suggest mainly pyrolytic inputs which are markedly biogenic. All contaminant levels were also compared with Sediments Quality Guidelines (SQG) showing that the contamination levels in all stations were most of the time lower than their respective SQG. While, for PCBs, five stations (H5, H6, H7, H8 and H9) were higher than their effect range median (ERM) values which may indicate high potential toxicity of the sediment with probable adverse effects to the living biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kanzari
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, FRE 3416, équipe MPO, Europôle de l'Arbois, Bâtiment Villemin BP80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex4, France.
| | - A D Syakti
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, FRE 3416, équipe MPO, Europôle de l'Arbois, Bâtiment Villemin BP80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex4, France; Fisheries and Marine Sciences Department, Jenderal Soedirman University, Kampus Perikanan Unsoed Karangwangkal, Jl dr. Suparno, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia
| | - L Asia
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, FRE 3416, équipe MPO, Europôle de l'Arbois, Bâtiment Villemin BP80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex4, France
| | - L Malleret
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, FRE 3416, équipe MPO, Europôle de l'Arbois, Bâtiment Villemin BP80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex4, France
| | - A Piram
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, FRE 3416, équipe MPO, Europôle de l'Arbois, Bâtiment Villemin BP80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex4, France
| | - G Mille
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, FRE 3416, équipe MPO, Europôle de l'Arbois, Bâtiment Villemin BP80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex4, France
| | - P Doumenq
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, LCE, FRE 3416, équipe MPO, Europôle de l'Arbois, Bâtiment Villemin BP80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence Cedex4, France
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Schmidt A, Belaaouaj A, Bissinger R, Koller G, Malleret L, D'Orazio C, Facchinelli M, Schulte-Hubbert B, Molinaro A, Holst O, Hammermann J, Schniederjans M, Meyer KC, Damkiaer S, Piacentini G, Assael B, Bruce K, Häußler S, LiPuma JJ, Seelig J, Worlitzsch D, Döring G. Neutrophil elastase-mediated increase in airway temperature during inflammation. J Cyst Fibros 2014; 13:623-31. [PMID: 24713593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND How elevated temperature is generated during airway infections represents a hitherto unresolved physiological question. We hypothesized that innate immune defence mechanisms would increase luminal airway temperature during pulmonary infection. METHODS We determined the temperature in the exhaled air of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. To further test our hypothesis, a pouch inflammatory model using neutrophil elastase-deficient mice was employed. Next, the impact of temperature changes on the dominant CF pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth was tested by plating method and RNAseq. RESULTS Here we show a temperature of ~38°C in neutrophil-dominated mucus plugs of chronically infected CF patients and implicate neutrophil elastase:α1-proteinase inhibitor complex formation as a relevant mechanism for the local temperature rise. Gene expression of the main pathogen in CF, P. aeruginosa, under anaerobic conditions at 38°C vs 30°C revealed increased virulence traits and characteristic cell wall changes. CONCLUSION Neutrophil elastase mediates increase in airway temperature, which may contribute to P. aeruginosa selection during the course of chronic infection in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Schmidt
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, German Center for Infection Research, University Clinic Tübingen, Germany
| | - Azzaq Belaaouaj
- INSERM U-1111, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Lyon, France
| | - Rosi Bissinger
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, German Center for Infection Research, University Clinic Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Laurette Malleret
- INSERM U-1111, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | - Antonio Molinaro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy
| | - Otto Holst
- Research Center Borstel, Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Jutta Hammermann
- Department of Pediatrics, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Keith C Meyer
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, USA
| | - Soeren Damkiaer
- Department of Systems Biology and Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Susanne Häußler
- Research Center Borstel, Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - John J LiPuma
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Joachim Seelig
- Biophysical Chemistry, University of Basel, Basel Switzerland
| | | | - Gerd Döring
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, German Center for Infection Research, University Clinic Tübingen, Germany
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Le Gars M, Descamps D, Roussel D, Saussereau E, Guillot L, Ruffin M, Tabary O, Hong SS, Boulanger P, Paulais M, Malleret L, Belaaouaj A, Edelman A, Huerre M, Chignard M, Sallenave JM. Neutrophil Elastase Degrades Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator via Calpains and Disables Channel FunctionIn VitroandIn Vivo. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 187:170-9. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201205-0875oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
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Sukhorukov AY, Boyko YD, Nelyubina YV, Gerard S, Ioffe SL, Tartakovsky VA, Malleret L, Belaaouaj A. Correction to Synthesis of PDE IVb Inhibitors. 3. Synthesis of (+)-, (−)-, and (±)-7-[3-(Cyclopentyloxy)-4-methoxyphenyl]hexahydro-3 H-pyrrolizin-3-one via Reductive Domino Transformations of 3-β-Carbomethoxyethyl-Substituted Six-Membered Cyclic Nitronates. J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/jo3015177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Benabid R, Wartelle J, Malleret L, Guyot N, Gangloff S, Lebargy F, Belaaouaj A. Neutrophil elastase modulates cytokine expression: contribution to host defense against Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced pneumonia. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:34883-34894. [PMID: 22927440 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.361352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that following bacterial infection, the massive recruitment and activation of the phagocytes, neutrophils, is accompanied with the extracellular release of active neutrophil elastase (NE), a potent serine protease. Using NE-deficient mice in a clinically relevant model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa-induced pneumonia, we provide compelling in vivo evidence that the absence of NE was associated with decreased protein and transcript levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, MIP-2, and IL-6 in the lungs, coinciding with increased mortality of mutant mice to infection. The implication of NE in the induction of cytokine expression involved at least in part Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4). These findings were further confirmed following exposure of cultured macrophages to purified NE. Together, our data suggest strongly for the first time that NE not only plays a direct antibacterial role as it has been previously reported, but released active enzyme can also modulate cytokine expression, which contributes to host protection against P. aeruginosa. In light of our findings, the long held view that considers NE as a prime suspect in P. aeruginosa-associated diseases will need to be carefully reassessed. Also, therapeutic strategies aiming at NE inhibition should take into account the physiologic roles of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rym Benabid
- Inserm Avenir Program, CHU de Reims, Maison Blanche, Reims 51092, France; EA 4303, Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium, CHU de Reims, Maison Blanche, Reims 51092, France
| | - Julien Wartelle
- Inserm Avenir Program, CHU de Reims, Maison Blanche, Reims 51092, France; EA 4303, Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium, CHU de Reims, Maison Blanche, Reims 51092, France
| | - Laurette Malleret
- Inserm Avenir Program, CHU de Reims, Maison Blanche, Reims 51092, France; EA 4303, Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium, CHU de Reims, Maison Blanche, Reims 51092, France
| | - Nicolas Guyot
- Inserm Avenir Program, CHU de Reims, Maison Blanche, Reims 51092, France; EA 4303, Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium, CHU de Reims, Maison Blanche, Reims 51092, France
| | - Sophie Gangloff
- EA 4303, Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium, CHU de Reims, Maison Blanche, Reims 51092, France
| | - François Lebargy
- Inserm Avenir Program, CHU de Reims, Maison Blanche, Reims 51092, France; EA 4303, Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium, CHU de Reims, Maison Blanche, Reims 51092, France
| | - Azzaq Belaaouaj
- Inserm Avenir Program, CHU de Reims, Maison Blanche, Reims 51092, France; EA 4303, Inflammation and Immunity of the Respiratory Epithelium, CHU de Reims, Maison Blanche, Reims 51092, France.
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Figueroa-Bossi N, Valentini M, Malleret L, Bossi L. Caught at its own game: regulatory small RNA inactivated by an inducible transcript mimicking its target. Genes Dev 2009; 23:2004-15. [PMID: 19638370 PMCID: PMC2751969 DOI: 10.1101/gad.541609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A relevant, yet little recognized feature of antisense regulation is the possibility of switching roles between regulatory and regulated RNAs. Here we show that induction of a Salmonella gene relies on the conversion of a small RNA from effector to regulatory target. The chiP gene (formerly ybfM), identified and characterized in the present study, encodes a conserved enterobacterial chitoporin required for uptake of chitin-derived oligosaccharides. In the absence of inducer, chiP is kept silent by the action of a constitutively made small RNA, ChiX (formerly SroB, RybC), which pairs with a sequence at the 5' end of chiP mRNA. Silencing is relieved in the presence of chitooligosaccharides due to the accumulation of an RNA that pairs with ChiX and promotes its degradation. Anti-ChiX RNA originates from an intercistronic region of the chb operon, which comprises genes for chitooligosaccharide metabolism and whose transcription is activated in the presence of these sugars. We present evidence suggesting that the chb RNA destabilizes ChiX sRNA by invading the stem of its transcription terminator hairpin. Overall, our findings blur the distinction between effector and target in sRNA regulation, raising the possibility that some of the currently defined targets could actually be inhibitors of sRNA function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nara Figueroa-Bossi
- Centre de Génétique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Martina Valentini
- Centre de Génétique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Laurette Malleret
- Centre de Génétique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
| | - Lionello Bossi
- Centre de Génétique Moléculaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gif-sur-Yvette 91198, France
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Malleret L, Bruchet A, Hennion MC. Picogram determination of "earthly-musty" odorous compounds in water using modified closed loop stripping analysis and large volume injection GC/MS. Anal Chem 2001; 73:1485-90. [PMID: 11321298 DOI: 10.1021/ac001010l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
"Earthy-musty" off-flavor problems in water samples are due to organic compounds present at the sub-part-per-trillion level. Numerous analytical methods such as purge and trap, liquid/liquid extraction, and closed-loop stripping analysis (CLSA) followed by GC/MS analysis have been used to determine these compounds. However, these methods offer poor sensitivity (detection limits of approximately 1 to 10 ng/L) when compared to the 20-30 pg/L of sensorial sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to develop a new method involving a modified CLSA preconcentration technique together with large volume injection GC/MS in order to attain analytical sensitivity equal to or better than olfactory sensitivity. For eight target compounds that cause taste and odor problems in water at trace levels, the method developed was linear in the 0.05-10 ng/L range and provided recoveries greater than 70% together with satisfactory repeatability. Detection limits as low as 15-30 pg/L were achieved, representing a 50-fold improvement in sensitivity as compared to current methods. The accuracy and sensitivity of the method were demonstrated in different aqueous matrixes, including raw surface water. The method was successfully applied to earthy-musty water samples that had remained unsolved by conventional techniques, thus proving its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Malleret
- Lyonnaise des Eaux CIRSEE, Le Pecq, France.
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