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PAR model development exercise in the framework of SAMHYCO-NET. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2022.112035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Experimental investigation on the impact of cable fire products from flame-retardant cables on catalysts used in passive auto-catalytic recombiners. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pnucene.2022.104365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Prof. Peter G. FEDOR-FREYBERGH, MD, DSc, Dr.h.c. mult. NEURO ENDOCRINOLOGY LETTERS 2021; 42:501-502. [PMID: 35596743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Our dear Professor, the Editor-in-Chief of Neuroendocrinology Letters (NEL) has left us. We, the Editors, Associated Editors and the Editorial Board continue our work without interruption and will follow the steps and traditions established by Professor Fedor-Freybergh, point to point, without exception. As it was, so will it be. On this sad occasion, we would like to reproduce some excerpts from an article published in Activitas Nervosa Superior Rediviva (ANSR), on the occasion of Professor Fedor-Freybergh's 80th birthday: "Let us to note - at least telegraphically - the profound milestones in his professional curriculum: Doctor of Medicine (1959); Doctor of Psychology (1965), Certificate in Psychiatry (1962) all 3 from Comenius University in Bratislava; Certificate in Pedopsychiatry (1965) and PhD in Psychiatry (1967) both from Charles University in Prague); Certificate and Doctorate in Obstetrics and Gynaecology (1977 Sweden); since 1968 appointments in Psychiatric Clinics in Austria, Switzerland, England, Sweden and Czech Republic; in 1974, he read the Introductory Lecture Psychotropic Action of Hormones at the 1st World Congress of Biological Psychiatry in Buenos Aires which significantly contributed to the global development of this discipline in both educational and scientific fields, Lecturer in Psycho-neuroendocrinology 1978 and in 1982 appointed the 1st University Professor in Europe in this field (University of Salzburg);. In 1978 Professor Fedor-Freybergh founded and Edited the peer reviewed International Journal of Prenatal and Perinatal Psychology and Medicine; in 1986, he elevated the International Study-Group for Prenatal Psychology to transform into the International Society of Prenatal and Perinatal Psychology & Medicine, in 1988, he published in English and German languages the world's first textbook Prenatal & Perinatal Psychology & Medicine; from 1983-1992 he served as Elected President of the International Society of Prenatal Psychology and Medicine and since 1992 as its Honorary Life President; in 1996, he won an audition for the post of Professor of Child Psychiatry at the 3rd Medical Faculty of Charles University in Prague which he held until 2004; in 1997 he became Director of the Institute of Prenatal and Perinatal Psychology, Medicine and Social Work at the University of Health and Social Work of St. Elisabeth University in Bratislava, in 2009, the Rector of the University granted Prof. Fedor-Freybergh the title of Professor of Prenatal and Perinatal Psychology and Medicine - the first such Professorship in the world". "As the Editor-in-Chief of ANSR [besides Neuroendocrinology Letters, Editors note], he became a member of the CIANS Executive Committee and actively participated in CIANS' international conferences and symposia. In recent years, his health has not allowed him to travel, but he has not stopped watching these events. In face-to-face meetings, we discussed much of the knowledge presented. Discussing with him was always a great experience. The dialogue gradually shifted from the professional level to cultural issues from literature, music, history and art to contemporary political aenigmas as well. He never imposed his opinion; he only said the reasons why he thinks it is so. Professor Fedor-Freybergh was a real gentleman who was always willing to help another. We bow to his life's work. We miss him deeply".
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Plant Genome Editing and the Relevance of Off-Target Changes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 183:1453-1471. [PMID: 32457089 PMCID: PMC7401131 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Site-directed nucleases (SDNs) used for targeted genome editing are powerful new tools to introduce precise genetic changes into plants. Like traditional approaches, such as conventional crossing and induced mutagenesis, genome editing aims to improve crop yield and nutrition. Next-generation sequencing studies demonstrate that across their genomes, populations of crop species typically carry millions of single nucleotide polymorphisms and many copy number and structural variants. Spontaneous mutations occur at rates of ∼10-8 to 10-9 per site per generation, while variation induced by chemical treatment or ionizing radiation results in higher mutation rates. In the context of SDNs, an off-target change or edit is an unintended, nonspecific mutation occurring at a site with sequence similarity to the targeted edit region. SDN-mediated off-target changes can contribute to a small number of additional genetic variants compared to those that occur naturally in breeding populations or are introduced by induced-mutagenesis methods. Recent studies show that using computational algorithms to design genome editing reagents can mitigate off-target edits in plants. Finally, crops are subject to strong selection to eliminate off-type plants through well-established multigenerational breeding, selection, and commercial variety development practices. Within this context, off-target edits in crops present no new safety concerns compared to other breeding practices. The current generation of genome editing technologies is already proving useful to develop new plant varieties with consumer and farmer benefits. Genome editing will likely undergo improved editing specificity along with new developments in SDN delivery and increasing genomic characterization, further improving reagent design and application.
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OA15.05 BIOLUMA: A Phase II Trial of Nivolumab and Ipilimumab in Lung Cancer – Prospective Evaluation of TMB in SCLC Patients. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Prenatal high fat diet alters DNA methylation and gene expression of metabolic genes in mouse offspring. Toxicol Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.06.860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Economic optimization of selective dry cow treatment. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:1530-1539. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Effect of interleukin (IL)-8 on benzo[a]pyrene metabolism and DNA damage in human lung epithelial cells. Toxicology 2017; 381:64-74. [PMID: 28238931 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
It has been well established that inflammation and concurrent mutagenic exposures drive the carcinogenic process in a synergistic way. To elucidate the role of the inflammatory cytokine IL-8 in this process, we studied its effect on the activation and deactivation of the chemical mutagen benzo[a]pyrene B[a]P in the immortalized pulmonary BEAS-2B cell line. After 24h incubation with B[a]P in the presence or absence of IL-8, the B[a]P induced cytochrome P450 1A1 and 1B1 (CYP1A1 and CYP1B1) gene expression and CYP1A1 enzyme activity was significantly higher in the presence of the cytokine. Consistent with these findings, we observed higher concentration of the metabolite B[a]P-7,8-diol under concurrent IL-8 treatment conditions. Interestingly, we also found higher concentrations of unmetabolized B[a]P. To explain this, we examined the downstream effects of IL-8 on NADPH oxidases (NOXes). IL-8 lowered the intracellular NADPH level, but this effect could not explain the changes in B[a]P metabolism. IL-8 also significantly depleted intracellular glutathione (GSH), which also resulted in enhanced levels of unmetabolized B[a]P, but increased concentrations of the metabolite B[a]P-7,8-diol. No differences in B[a]P-DNA adducts level were found between B[a]P and B[a]P combined with IL-8, and this might be due to a 3-fold increase in nucleotide excision repair (NER) after IL-8 treatment. These findings suggest that IL-8 increased the formation of B[a]P-7,8-diol despite an overall delayed B[a]P metabolism via depletion of GSH, but DNA damage levels were unaffected due to an increase in NER capacity.
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Acidic cellular microenvironment modifies carcinogen-induced DNA damage and repair. Arch Toxicol 2016; 91:2425-2441. [PMID: 28005143 PMCID: PMC5429366 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-016-1907-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation creates an acidic microenvironment, which plays an important role in cancer development. To investigate how low pH changes the cellular response to the carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), we incubated human pulmonary epithelial cells (A549 and BEAS-2B) with nontoxic doses of B[a]P using culturing media of various pH’s (extracellular pH (pHe) of 7.8, 7.0, 6.5, 6.0 and 5.5) for 6, 24 and 48 h. In most incubations (pHe 7.0–6.5), the pH in the medium returned to the physiological pH 7.8 after 48 h, but at the lowest pH (pHe < 6.0), this recovery was incomplete. Similar changes were observed for the intracellular pH (pHi). We observed that acidic conditions delayed B[a]P metabolism and at t = 48 h, and the concentration of unmetabolized extracellular B[a]P and B[a]P-7,8-diol was significantly higher in acidic samples than under normal physiological conditions (pHe 7.8) for both cell lines. Cytochrome P450 (CYP1A1/CYP1B1) expression and its activity (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity) were repressed at low pHe after 6 and 24 h, but were significantly higher at t = 48 h. In addition, a DNA repair assay showed that the incision activity was ~80% inhibited for 6 h at low pHe and concomitant exposure to B[a]P. However, at t = 48 h, the incision activity recovered to more than 100% of the initial activity observed at neutral pHe. After 48 h, higher B[a]P-DNA adduct levels and γ-H2AX foci were observed at low pH samples than at pHe 7.8. In conclusion, acidic pH delayed the metabolism of B[a]P and inhibited DNA repair, ultimately leading to increased B[a]P-induced DNA damage.
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Inflammation-associated extracellular β-glucuronidase alters cellular responses to the chemical carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene. Arch Toxicol 2016; 90:2261-2273. [PMID: 26438400 PMCID: PMC4982897 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1593-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophils infiltrate tissues during inflammation, and when activated, they release β-glucuronidase. Since inflammation is associated with carcinogenesis, we investigated how extracellular β-glucuronidase changed the in vitro cellular response to the chemical carcinogen benzo(a)pyrene (B[a]P). For this we exposed human liver (HepG2) and lung (A549) cells to B[a]P in the presence or absence of β-glucuronidase. β-Glucuronidase reduced B[a]P-induced expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 at 6 h after exposure, which did not depend on β-glucuronidase activity, because the inhibitor D-saccharic acid 1,4-lactone monohydrate did not antagonize the effect of β-glucuronidase. On the other hand, the inhibitory effect of β-glucuronidase on CYP expression was dependent on signalling via the insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF2R, a known receptor for β-glucuronidase), because co-incubation with the IGF2R inhibitor mannose-6-phosphate completely abolished the effect of β-glucuronidase. Extracellular β-glucuronidase also reduced the formation of several B[a]P metabolites and B[a]P-DNA adducts. Interestingly, at 24 h of exposure, β-glucuronidase significantly enhanced CYP expression, probably because β-glucuronidase de-glucuronidated B[a]P metabolites, which continued to trigger the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ah receptor) and induced expression of CYP1A1 (in both cell lines) and CYP1B1 (in A549 only). Consequently, significantly higher concentrations of B[a]P metabolites and DNA adducts were found in β-glucuronidase-treated cells at 24 h. DNA adduct levels peaked at 48 h in cells that were exposed to B[a]P and treated with β-glucuronidase. Overall, these data show that β-glucuronidase alters the cellular response to B[a]P and ultimately enhances B[a]P-induced DNA adduct levels.
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Assessment of systems codes and their coupling with CFD codes in thermal–hydraulic applications to innovative reactors. NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Detection of intestinal protozoa in paediatric patients with gastrointestinal symptoms by multiplex real-time PCR. Clin Microbiol Infect 2013; 20:545-50. [PMID: 24131443 DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The performance of a multiplex real-time PCR for the detection of Blastocystis, Dientamoeba fragilis, Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium species and Entamoeba species in faecal samples was evaluated in an observational prospective study. Paediatric patients (0-18 years) presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms and suspected of having enteroparasitic disease were included. A questionnaire on gastrointestinal symptoms and the chosen treatment was completed at the start of the study and after 6 weeks. Of 163 paediatric patients (mean age, 7.8 years), 114 (70%) had a PCR-positive faecal sample. D. fragilis was detected most frequently, in 101 patients, followed by Blastocystis in 49. In faecal samples of 47 patients, more than one protozoan was detected, mainly the combination of D. fragilis and Blastocystis. Reported gastrointestinal symptoms were abdominal pain (78%), nausea (30%), and altered bowel habits (28%). Eighty-nine of the PCR-positive patients were treated with antibiotics. A significant reduction in abdominal pain was observed both in treated and in untreated patients. This study demonstrated that multiplex real-time PCR detects a high percentage of intestinal protozoa in paediatric patients with gastrointestinal symptoms. However, interpretation and determination of the clinical relevance of a positive PCR result in this population are still difficult.
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Nutrition awareness before and throughout different trimesters in pregnancy: a quantitative study among Dutch women. Fam Pract 2012; 29 Suppl 1:i82-i88. [PMID: 22399562 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmr107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the nutrition awareness of women before and during pregnancy in order to provide a greater understanding of the life course perspective (LCP) in relation to nutrition behaviours and pregnancy. METHOD Data were collected in a cross-sectional study with the aid of a face-to-face interview, based on our conceptualization of nutrition awareness and the 'rules of thumb' designed by the Dutch Nutrition Centre. The sample consisted of five groups each of ~100 Dutch nulliparous women: women not trying to conceive a child, women trying to conceive a child and women in their first, second or third trimesters of pregnancy. RESULTS The measurement tool based on our conceptualization of nutrition awareness resulted in a Cronbach's alpha of 0.84. Pregnant women are significantly more aware of their nutrition than women who are not trying to conceive. The scores on nutrition awareness do not differ significantly between the three trimester groups of pregnant women. Women who are trying to conceive do not have a significantly higher nutrition awareness than women who are not trying to conceive. CONCLUSIONS Our conceptualization of nutrition awareness has shown to be fruitful in obtaining a better understanding of behavioural changes in health. The study provided indications in favour of the LCP; pregnancy could indeed be an event in a woman's life that causes increased nutrition awareness. This should be kept in mind when healthy nutrition promotion activities are being developed.
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1010 THE ADDITIONAL EFFECT OF PSYCHOMOTOR THERAPY IN TREATING CHRONIC MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN: PRELIMINARY RESULTS. Eur J Pain 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1090-3801(09)61013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Biological monitoring the exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of coke oven workers in relation to smoking and genetic polymorphisms for GSTM1 and GSTT1. THE ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE 2001; 45:395-408. [PMID: 11418090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) increases the risk of developing lung cancer. Human exposure is often demonstrated by increased internal levels of PAH metabolites and of markers for early biological effects, like DNA adducts and cytogenetic aberrations. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess whether the current exposure to PAH of coke oven workers in a Dutch plant induced biological effects, and to determine if these effects are influenced by tobacco smoking and by genetic polymorphisms for the glutathione S-transferase genes GSTM1 and GSTT1. METHODS Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHpyr) levels were used to monitor the internal dose, while the internal effective dose was assessed by monitoring PAH-DNA adducts, DNA strand breaks (Comet assay), sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) and cells with a high frequency of SCE (HFC) in lymphocytes together with micronuclei (MN) in exfoliated urothelial cells. RESULTS Occupational exposure to PAH resulted in statistically significant increased 1-OHpyr levels (P<0.001), but it did not cause a significant induction of SCE, HFC, MN, DNA strand breaks or DNA adducts. Smoking caused a significant increase of 1-OHpyr (P<0.05), SCE (P<0.001), HFC (P<0.001) and DNA adducts (P<0.05), but not of MN or DNA strand breaks. Following correction for the smoking-related effects, no occupational induction of the effect biomarkers could be discerned. Multi-variate analysis did not show a significant influence of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms on any biomarker. Also no significant interactions were observed between the various biomarkers. CONCLUSION This study shows that in the examined plant, the occupational exposure to PAH does not result in measurable early biological effects
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From the art director's desk. NEURO ENDOCRINOLOGY LETTERS 2001; 22:151-2. [PMID: 11449198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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Effect of a dioxin-like PCB (CB 126) on the biotransformation and genotoxicity of benzo. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2000; 50:403-415. [PMID: 10967401 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-445x(00)00086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Two experiments were performed to study the interaction between benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and the planar, dioxin-like PCB congener 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (CB 126) in the flatfish dab (Limanda limanda). The first experiment involved four groups. Group I was treated with 10 µg/kg CB 126, group II was treated with 2 mg/kg BaP, group III was first treated with 10 µg/kg CB 126 and exposed to 2 mg/kg BaP 6 days later, and group IV was a control group. The second experiment was similar, except that the BaP dosage level was increased to 50 mg/kg. Pre-treatment with 10 µg/kg of CB 126 always caused the induction of hepatic cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A), as measured by significant increases of the model reaction 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) in microsomal preparations. Treatment of dab with BaP caused a significant EROD induction at the 50 mg/kg, but not at the 2 mg/kg level. Concurrent with EROD induction by either CB 126 or 50 mg/kg BaP, was a significant change in the biliary metabolite pattern in favour of 1-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene and 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene and towards a lower fraction of the procarcinogen BaP-7,8-dihydrodiol (7,8-DIOL). Pre-treatment with CB 126 did not cause an increase of hepatic BaP DNA adducts formed after treatment with either 2 or 50 mg/kg BaP. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities remained also unaffected by any of the treatments. The results of this study suggest that the pattern of BaP metabolites in bile depends on the level of CYP1A induction. Moreover, the concurrence of a potent CYP1A inducer and BaP does not necessarily lead to an increase in DNA adduct levels in liver tissue. The observation that the level of 7,8-DIOL is decreased despite a higher (CYP1A mediated) EROD activity explains, at least in part, the lack of induction of DNA adducts.
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Abstract
A 64-year-old woman with a history of chronic hepatitis B had abdominal pain and ascites, a serum albumin ascitic gradient (SAAG) of 0.8, and an elevated serum CA-125 value. Exploratory laparotomy revealed ascites and obliteration of the abdominal cavity by advanced adhesive disease consistent with carcinomatosis. Surgical biopsy revealed noncaseating granulomas. She responded well to antituberculous therapy and is presently asymptomatic.
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Health education in television entertainment--Medisch Centrum West: a Dutch drama serial. HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 1998; 13:503-518. [PMID: 10345903 DOI: 10.1093/her/13.4.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
World-wide a number of groups have sought ways to incorporate health messages into television entertainment like popular drama and soap serials. In the Netherlands, the Heart Foundation incorporated its cardiovascular health message in several episodes of a popular Dutch hospital serial called Medisch Centrum West. To obtain greater insight into the impact of this so-called 'entertainment-education (E & E) strategy', an evaluation study was carried out. Medisch Centrum West was both entertaining and informative at the same time. Although viewers were well aware that the programme included a health message, they did not find it intrusive to their enjoyment of the storyline. It was interesting to learn that fans were more tolerant and positive towards the E & E strategy than non-fans. Age, sex and education level explained only 5% of the variance.
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Abstract
A 47-year-old woman who was studied for other reasons proved to have abdominal lymphadenopathy, some nodes measuring up to 2 cm. The patient, through biopsy and other studies, was diagnosed with celiac sprue; however, on a gluten-free diet, abdominal computed tomography scans several months later showed marked reduction in the size of the mesenteric nodes.
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583 cJun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-regulation of the apoptotic response of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Lung Cancer 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(97)89963-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase regulation of the apoptotic response of small cell lung cancer cells to ultraviolet radiation. J Biol Chem 1997; 272:10110-6. [PMID: 9092556 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.272.15.10110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of cultured small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells to UV radiation induces apoptosis. We observed that the UV sensitivity of a panel of SCLC lines and the activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNKs) by UV in the individual SCLC lines, assessed by binding and phosphorylation of glutathione S-transferase (GST)-c-Jun fusion proteins, ranged widely. In fact, increased JNK activity in this assay was closely correlated with decreased sensitivity to apoptosis following UV irradiation. Increased JNK activity was also detected in anti-JNK1 immune complexes collected from UV-irradiated SCLC cells, although the level of activity was similar among the various SCLC lines and correlated poorly with UV sensitivity. Immunoblot analysis of JNK polypeptides that bound to GST-c-Jun revealed at least two JNK polypeptides, one of which appeared only in extracts from UV-irradiated SCLC. To test the role of JNKs in UV-induced apoptosis, nonphosphorylatable mutants of JNK1 or JNK2 in which the phosphorylation site Thr-Pro-Tyr is changed to Ala-Pro-Phe (JNK-APF) and are predicted to behave as competitive inhibitors were stably expressed in SCLC. Expression of JNK1-APF or JNK2-APF significantly reduced UV-stimulated JNK activity. However, JNK1-APF markedly increased the resistance of the cells to UV-induced apoptosis, while JNK2-APF did not influence SCLC sensitivity to UV. The findings suggest that UV-stimulated JNK1 activation promotes UV-induced SCLC apoptosis, while a JNK isoform that is variably activated among the SCLC lines may signal a UV-protective response. We hypothesize that integration of distinct JNK activities dictates the relative responsiveness of SCLC to UV and ionizing radiation.
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Ultrasonic tissue characterization of infarcted myocardium by transesophageal echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/s0894-7317(05)80255-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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"Nutcracker esophagus": a case of false-negative radionuclide esophageal transit study. South Med J 1989; 82:666. [PMID: 2717997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Spontaneous noncardiac chest pain. Evaluation by 24-hour ambulatory esophageal motility and pH monitoring. Gastroenterology 1988; 94:878-86. [PMID: 3345887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Noncardiac chest pain can be a diagnostic dilemma because patients rarely experience spontaneous chest pain in the laboratory. Therefore, we studied 24 patients with chronic, daily, substernal chest pain with a prototype 24-h ambulatory esophageal motility and pH system. Spontaneous chest pain episodes were correlated with pH less than 4 and abnormal motility changes (mean amplitude and duration, maximum amplitude and duration, or percentage of abnormal peristalsis) defined as exceeding the patient's normal esophageal motility pattern. Twenty-two patients experienced a total of 92 spontaneous chest pain episodes. Eleven chest pain episodes (12%) occurred during abnormal motility, whereas 18 episodes (20%) were associated with pH less than 4 and four episodes (4%) had both abnormalities. The majority of chest pain episodes, 59 events (64%), did not have any association with motility or pH. Abnormal maximum duration and amplitude were the motility changes most frequently associated with chest pain. Overall, 13 of 22 patients (59%) had at least one chest pain episode correlating with abnormal motility or pH (range 33%-100%). Therefore, we conclude that ambulatory esophageal motility and pH monitoring is useful in the evaluation of noncardiac chest pain. pH abnormalities (20%) are more commonly associated with chest pain than motility abnormalities (12%). However, the majority of chest pain episodes (64%) did not correlate with either abnormality and may be the result of lowered esophageal pain threshold for distention, i.e., the "irritable esophagus."
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Zur Physiologie und Pathologie des Zwerchfells. Lung 1927. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02080245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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