1
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Röttger SH, Patalag LJ, Hasenmaile F, Milbrandt L, Butschke B, Jones PG, Werz DB. Linear Amine-Linked Oligo-BODIPYs: Convergent Access via Buchwald-Hartwig Coupling. Org Lett 2024; 26:3020-3025. [PMID: 38564714 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
A convergent route toward nitrogen-bridged BODIPY oligomers has been developed. The synthetic key step is a Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reaction of an α-amino-BODIPY and the respective halide. Not only does the selective synthesis provide control of the oligomer size, but the facile preparative procedure also enables easy access to these types of dyes. Furthermore, functionalized examples were accessible via brominated derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian H Röttger
- DFG Cluster of Excellence livMatS @FIT and Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Lukas J Patalag
- TU Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Felix Hasenmaile
- DFG Cluster of Excellence livMatS @FIT and Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Lukas Milbrandt
- TU Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Burkhard Butschke
- Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Peter G Jones
- TU Braunschweig, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- DFG Cluster of Excellence livMatS @FIT and Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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2
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Patalag LJ, Hoche J, Mitric R, Werz DB, Feringa BL. Transforming Dyes into Fluorophores: Exciton‐Induced Emission with Chain‐like Oligo‐BODIPY Superstructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116834. [PMID: 35244983 PMCID: PMC9310714 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Herein we present a systematic study demonstrating to which extent exciton formation can amplify fluorescence based on a series of ethylene‐bridged oligo‐BODIPYs. A set of non‐ and weakly fluorescent BODIPY motifs was selected and transformed into discrete, chain‐like oligomers by linkage via a flexible ethylene tether. The prepared superstructures constitute excitonically active entities with non‐conjugated, Coulomb‐coupled oscillators. The non‐radiative deactivation channels of Internal Conversion (IC), also combined with an upstream reductive Photoelectron Transfer (rPET) and Intersystem Crossing (ISC) were addressed at the monomeric state and the evolution of fluorescence and (non‐)radiative decay rates studied along the oligomeric series. We demonstrate that a “masked” fluorescence can be fully reactivated irrespective of the imposed conformational rigidity. This work challenges the paradigm that a collective fluorescence enhancement is limited to sterically induced motional restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J. Patalag
- University of Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Joscha Hoche
- Universität Würzburg Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Roland Mitric
- Universität Würzburg Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- University of Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
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3
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Patalag LJ, Hoche J, Mitric R, Werz DB, Feringa BL. Transforming Dyes Into Fluorophores: Exciton‐Induced Emission with Chain‐like Oligo‐BODIPY Superstructures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J. Patalag
- University of Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Joscha Hoche
- Universität Würzburg: Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Roland Mitric
- Universität Würzburg: Julius-Maximilians-Universitat Wurzburg Institute of Theoretical and Physical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- TU Braunschweig: Technische Universitat Braunschweig Institute for Organic Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Ben L Feringa
- University of Groningen Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen NETHERLANDS
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4
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Selvaggio G, Nißler R, Nietmann P, Patra A, Patalag LJ, Janshoff A, Werz DB, Kruss S. NIR-emitting benzene-fused oligo-BODIPYs for bioimaging. Analyst 2021; 147:230-237. [PMID: 34897304 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01850g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores are emerging tools for biophotonics because of their reduced scattering, increased tissue penetration and low phototoxicity. However, the library of NIR fluorophores is still limited. Here, we report the NIR fluorescence of two benzene-fused oligo-BODIPYs in their hexameric (H) and octameric (O) forms. These dyes emit bright NIR fluorescence (H: maxima 943/1075 nm, O: maxima 976/1115 nm) that can be excited in the NIR (H = 921 nm, O = 956 nm) or non-resonantly over a broad range in the visible region. The emission bands of H show a bathochromic shift and peak sharpening with increasing dye concentration. Furthermore, the emission maxima of both H and O shift up to 20 nm in solvents of different polarity. These dyes can be used as NIR ink and imaged remotely on the macroscopic level with a stand-off distance of 20 cm. We furthermore demonstrate their versatility for biophotonics by coating microscale beads and performing microrheology via NIR video particle tracking (NIR-VPT) in biopolymer (F-actin) networks. No photodamaging of the actin filaments takes place, which is typically observed for visible fluorophores and highlights the advantages of these NIR dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Selvaggio
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany. .,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Georg-August University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robert Nißler
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany. .,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Georg-August University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter Nietmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Georg-August University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Atanu Patra
- Technical University of Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Lukas J Patalag
- Technical University of Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andreas Janshoff
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Georg-August University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technical University of Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kruss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany. .,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Georg-August University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
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5
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Patalag LJ, Hoche J, Holzapfel M, Schmiedel A, Mitric R, Lambert C, Werz DB. Ultrafast Resonance Energy Transfer in Ethylene-Bridged BODIPY Heterooligomers: From Frenkel to Förster Coupling Limit. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:7414-7425. [PMID: 33956430 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A series of distinct BODIPY heterooligomers (dyads, triads, and tetrads) comprising a variable number of typical green BODIPY monomers and a terminal red-emitting styryl-equipped species acting as an energy sink was prepared and subjected to computational and photophysical investigations in solvent media. An ethylene tether between the single monomeric units provides a unique foldameric system, setting the stage for a systematic study of excitation energy transfer processes (EET) on the basis of nonconjugated oscillators. The influence of stabilizing β-ethyl substituents on conformational space and the disorder of site energies and electronic couplings was addressed. In this way both the strong (Frenkel) and the weak (Förster) coupling limit could be accessed within a single system: the Frenkel limit within the strongly coupled homooligomeric green donor subunit and the Förster limit at the terminal heterosubstituted ethylene bridge. Femtosecond transient-absorption spectroscopy combined with mixed quantum-classical dynamic simulations demonstrate the limitations of the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) theory and provide a consistent framework to elucidate the trend of increasing relaxation lifetimes at higher homologues, revealing one of the fastest excitation energy transfer processes detected to date with a corresponding lifetime of 39 fs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J Patalag
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Joscha Hoche
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Straße 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Marco Holzapfel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Schmiedel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Roland Mitric
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Straße 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Lambert
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Center for Nanosystems Chemistry, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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6
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Patalag LJ, Ahadi S, Lashchuk O, Jones PG, Ebbinghaus S, Werz DB. GlycoBODIPYs: Sugars Serving as a Natural Stock for Water‐soluble Fluorescent Probes of Complex Chiral Morphology. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J. Patalag
- TU Braunschweig Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Somayeh Ahadi
- TU Braunschweig Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Olesia Lashchuk
- TU Braunschweig Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology Rebenring 56 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- TU Braunschweig Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Simon Ebbinghaus
- TU Braunschweig Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology Rebenring 56 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- TU Braunschweig Institute of Organic Chemistry Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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7
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Patalag LJ, Ahadi S, Lashchuk O, Jones PG, Ebbinghaus S, Werz DB. GlycoBODIPYs: Sugars Serving as a Natural Stock for Water-soluble Fluorescent Probes of Complex Chiral Morphology. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:8766-8771. [PMID: 33492705 PMCID: PMC8048574 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A range of unprocessed, reducing sugar substrates (mono-, di-, and trisaccharides) is shown to take part in a straightforward four-step synthetic route to water-soluble, uncharged BODIPY derivatives with unimpaired chiral integrity and high fluorescence efficiency. A wide compatibility with several postfunctionalizations is demonstrated, thus suggesting a universal utility of the multifunctional glycoconjugates, which we call GlycoBODIPYs. Knoevenagel condensations are able to promote a red-shift in the spectra, thereby furnishing strongly fluorescent red and far-red glycoconjugates of high hydrophilicity. The synthetic outcome was studied by X-ray crystallography and by comprehensive photophysical investigations in several solvent systems. Furthermore, cell experiments illustrate efficient cell uptake and demonstrate differential cell targeting as a function of the integrated chiral information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J. Patalag
- TU BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Somayeh Ahadi
- TU BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Olesia Lashchuk
- TU BraunschweigInstitute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems BiologyRebenring 5638106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- TU BraunschweigInstitute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Simon Ebbinghaus
- TU BraunschweigInstitute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems BiologyRebenring 5638106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- TU BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyll Freese
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Lukas J. Patalag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - J. Luca Merz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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9
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Patra A, Patalag LJ, Jones PG, Werz DB. Ausgedehnte, benzanellierte Oligo‐BODIPYs: In nur drei Schritten zu einer Serie planarer, bogenförmiger Nahinfrarot‐Farbstoffe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Patra
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institut für Organische Chemie Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Lukas J. Patalag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institut für Organische Chemie Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institut für Anorganische and Analytische Chemie Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig Institut für Organische Chemie Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
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10
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Patra A, Patalag LJ, Jones PG, Werz DB. Extended Benzene-Fused Oligo-BODIPYs: In Three Steps to a Series of Large, Arc-Shaped, Near-Infrared Dyes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:747-752. [PMID: 33022876 PMCID: PMC7839587 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a straightforward, three-step synthesis engaging an oligomerization and subsequent one-pot oxidation step to form fully conjugated, benzene-fused oligo-BODIPYs from simple BODIPY precursors. FeCl3 serves as an efficient, bifunctional oxidant for a (multiple) cyclization/desaturation process, applied to ethylene-bridged dimeric, trimeric and oligomeric species to transform linking ethano units into stiff benzene fusions between unsubstituted β-positions of each BODIPY unit. The structural integrity was verified by X-ray crystallography, and all target compounds were studied in detail by photophysical, electrochemical and computational means. The main S1 excited state gradually converges to a structure-specific excitation limit, displaying a strong shift of the absorption event from about 500 nm (BODIPY monomer) to 955 nm (octamer) with attenuation coefficients up to ca. 500 000 M-1 cm-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Patra
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Lukas J. Patalag
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität BraunschweigInstitute of Organic ChemistryHagenring 3038106BraunschweigGermany
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11
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Weber M, Khan TA, Patalag LJ, Bossi M, Leutenegger M, Belov VN, Hell SW. Photoactivatable Fluorophore for Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) Microscopy and Bioconjugation Technique for Hydrophobic Labels. Chemistry 2021; 27:451-458. [PMID: 33095954 PMCID: PMC7839434 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The use of photoactivatable dyes in STED microscopy has so far been limited by two-photon activation through the STED beam and by the fact that photoactivatable dyes are poorly solvable in water. Herein, we report ONB-2SiR, a fluorophore that can be both photoactivated in the UV and specifically de-excited by STED at 775 nm. Likewise, we introduce a conjugation and purification protocol to effectively label primary and secondary antibodies with moderately water-soluble dyes. Greatly reducing dye aggregation, our technique provides a defined and tunable degree of labeling, and improves the imaging performance of dye conjugates in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Weber
- Department of NanoBiophotonicsMax Planck Institute for Biophysical ChemistryAm Faßberg 1137077GöttingenGermany
| | - Taukeer A. Khan
- Department of NanoBiophotonicsMax Planck Institute for Biophysical ChemistryAm Faßberg 1137077GöttingenGermany
| | - Lukas J. Patalag
- Department of NanoBiophotonicsMax Planck Institute for Biophysical ChemistryAm Faßberg 1137077GöttingenGermany
- present address: Stratingh Institute for ChemistryZernike Institute for Advanced MaterialsUniversity of GroningenNijenborgh 49747AGGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Mariano Bossi
- Department of Optical NanoscopyMax Planck Institute for Medical ResearchJahnstraße 2969120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Marcel Leutenegger
- Department of NanoBiophotonicsMax Planck Institute for Biophysical ChemistryAm Faßberg 1137077GöttingenGermany
| | - Vladimir N. Belov
- Department of NanoBiophotonicsMax Planck Institute for Biophysical ChemistryAm Faßberg 1137077GöttingenGermany
| | - Stefan W. Hell
- Department of NanoBiophotonicsMax Planck Institute for Biophysical ChemistryAm Faßberg 1137077GöttingenGermany
- Department of Optical NanoscopyMax Planck Institute for Medical ResearchJahnstraße 2969120HeidelbergGermany
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12
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Schubert T, Sych T, Madl J, Xu M, Omidvar R, Patalag LJ, Ries A, Kettelhoit K, Brandel A, Mely Y, Steinem C, Werz DB, Thuenauer R, Römer W. Differential recognition of lipid domains by two Gb3-binding lectins. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9752. [PMID: 32546842 PMCID: PMC7297801 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66522-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The two lectins LecA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the B-subunit of Shiga toxin from Shigella dysenteriae (StxB) share the glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) as receptor. Counterintuitively, we found that LecA and StxB segregated into different domains after recognizing Gb3 at the plasma membrane of cells. We hypothesized that the orientation of the carbohydrate head group of Gb3 embedded in the lipid bilayer differentially influences LecA and StxB binding. To test this hypothesis, we reconstituted lectin-Gb3 interaction using giant unilamellar vesicles and were indeed able to rebuild LecA and StxB segregation. Both, the Gb3 fatty acyl chain structure and the local membrane environment, modulated Gb3 recognition by LecA and StxB. Specifically, StxB preferred more ordered membranes compared to LecA. Based on our findings, we propose comparing staining patterns of LecA and StxB as an alternative method to assess membrane order in cells. To verify this approach, we re-established that the apical plasma membrane of epithelial cells is more ordered than the basolateral plasma membrane. Additionally, we found that StxB recognized Gb3 at the primary cilium and the periciliary membrane, whereas LecA only bound periciliary Gb3. This suggests that the ciliary membrane is of higher order than the surrounding periciliary membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schubert
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Toolbox, BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Taras Sych
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Josef Madl
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maokai Xu
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ramin Omidvar
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lukas J Patalag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Annika Ries
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Kettelhoit
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Annette Brandel
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yves Mely
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Claudia Steinem
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roland Thuenauer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Advanced Light and Fluorescence Microscopy Facility, Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB) and University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. .,Synthetic Biology of Signalling Processes, Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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13
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Bosse M, Sibold J, Scheidt HA, Patalag LJ, Kettelhoit K, Ries A, Werz DB, Steinem C, Huster D. Shiga toxin binding alters lipid packing and the domain structure of Gb 3-containing membranes: a solid-state NMR study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:15630-15638. [PMID: 31268447 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02501d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We studied the influence of globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) lipid molecules on the properties of phospholipid membranes composed of a liquid ordered (lo)/liquid disordered (ld) phase separated 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC)/N-palmitoyl-d-erythro-sphingosylphosphorylcholine (PSM)/cholesterol mixture (40/35/20, mol/mol/mol) supplemented with 5 mol% of either short acyl chain palmitoyl-Gb3 or long acyl chain lignoceryl-Gb3 using 2H solid-state NMR spectroscopy. To this end, both globotriaosylceramides were chemically synthesized featuring a perdeuterated lipid acyl chain. The solid-state 2H NMR spectra support the phase separation into a POPC-rich ld phase and a PSM/cholesterol-rich lo phase. The long chain lignoceryl-Gb3 showed a rather unusual order parameter profile of the acyl chain, which flattens out for the last ∼6 methylene segments. Such an odd chain conformation can be explained by partial chain interdigitation and/or a very fluid midplane region of the membrane. Possibly, the Gb3 molecules may thus preferentially be localized at the lo/ld phase boundary. In contrast, the short chain palmitoyl-Gb3 was well associated with the PSM/cholesterol-rich lo phase. Gb3 molecules act as membrane receptors for the Shiga toxin (STx) produced by Shigella dysenteriae and by enterohemorrhagic strains of Escherichia coli (EHEC). The B-subunits of STx (STxB) forming a pentameric structure were produced recombinantly and incubated with the membrane mixtures leading to alterations in the lipid packing properties and lateral organization of the membranes. Typically, STxB binding led to a decrease in lipid chain order in agreement with partial immersion of protein segments into the lipid-water interface of the membrane. In the presence of STxB, Gb3 preferentially partitioned into the lo membrane phase. In particular the short acyl chain palmitoyl-Gb3 showed very similar chain order parameters to PSM. In the presence of STxB, all lipid species showed isotropic contributions to the 2H NMR powder spectra; this was most pronounced for the Gb3 molecules. Such isotropic contributions are caused by highly curved membrane structures, which have previously been detected as membrane invaginations in fluorescence microscopy. Our analysis estimated that STxB induced highly curved membrane structures with a curvature radius of less than ∼10 nm likely related to the insertion of STxB segments into the lipid-water interface of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Bosse
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Jeremias Sibold
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Holger A Scheidt
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Lukas J Patalag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Katharina Kettelhoit
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Annika Ries
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Hagenring 30, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Claudia Steinem
- Institute for Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany and Max-Planck-Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Huster
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Härtelstr. 16-18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany.
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Lücht A, Sobottka S, Patalag LJ, Jones PG, Reissig HU, Sarkar B, Werz DB. New Dyes Based on Extended Fulvene Motifs: Synthesis through Redox Reactions of Naphthoquinones with Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes and Their Spectroelectrochemical Behavior. Chemistry 2019; 25:10359-10365. [PMID: 31106926 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Novel dyes based on extended fulvene motifs are reported. The carbon skeleton was generated by a catalyzed addition of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes to naphthoquinone. The hydroxy group at the central ring of the tricyclic fulvene motif was converted into the triflate, which reacted efficiently with a wide range of nucleophiles, resulting in substitution and thereby providing new derivatives. The synthetic versatility allowed us to investigate the absorption, electrochemical, and UV/Vis-NIR spectroelectrochemical properties of these dyes as a function of the substituents. The dyes were shown to participate in reductive electrochemistry, the reversibility of which can be improved by appropriate selection of the substituents. Additionally, first signs of NIR electrochromism are presented, opening new avenues for the future investigations of such dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lücht
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Sobottka
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lukas J Patalag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter G Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Reissig
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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15
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Patalag LJ, Loch M, Jones PG, Werz DB. Exploring the π-System of the (Aza-)BOIMPY Scaffold: Electron-Rich Pyrrole Moieties Working in Concert with Electron-Depleted Meso-Positions. J Org Chem 2019; 84:7804-7814. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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16
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Patalag LJ, Jones PG, Werz DB. Aza-BOIMPYs: A Tetrazole Auxochrome for Highly Red-Emissive Dipyrromethene-Based Fluorophores. Chemistry 2017; 23:15903-15907. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J. Patalag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institute of Organic Chemistry; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institute of Organic Chemistry; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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17
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Patalag LJ, Ho LP, Jones PG, Werz DB. Ethylene-Bridged Oligo-BODIPYs: Access to Intramolecular J-Aggregates and Superfluorophores. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:15104-15113. [PMID: 28948783 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A versatile and rapid access to various chain lengths of ethylene-bridged BODIPY motifs was discovered. Corresponding oligomers comprising up to eight monomeric units were studied with respect to their microstructures by photophysical, X-ray crystallographic, and computational means. The investigation of three different dipyrrin cores revealed a crucial dependence on the substitution pattern of the core, whereas the nature of the meso-periphery is less critical. The impact of substituent effects on the conformational space was investigated by Monte Carlo simulations and a set of DFT methods (B3LYP, PBEh-3c, TPSS/PWPB95), including dispersion effects. Cryptopyrrole-derived oligo-BODIPYs are characterized by a tight intramolecular arrangement triggering a dominant J-type excitonic coupling with red-shifts up to 45 nm, exceptionally small line widths of the absorption and emission event (up to 286 cm-1), outstandingly high attenuation coefficients (up to 1 042 000 M-1 cm-1), and quantum yields of up to unity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J Patalag
- Institut für Organische Chemie and ‡Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Luong Phong Ho
- Institut für Organische Chemie and ‡Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter G Jones
- Institut für Organische Chemie and ‡Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Institut für Organische Chemie and ‡Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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18
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Patalag LJ, Sibold J, Schütte OM, Steinem C, Werz DB. Gb 3 Glycosphingolipids with Fluorescent Oligoene Fatty Acids: Synthesis and Phase Behavior in Model Membranes. Chembiochem 2017; 18:2171-2178. [PMID: 28941080 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids are involved in a number of physiological and pathophysiological processes, and they serve as receptors for a variety of bacterial toxins and viruses. To investigate their function in lipid membranes, fluorescently labeled glycosphingolipids are highly desirable. Herein, a synthetic route to access Gb3 glycosphingolipids with fluorescently labeled fatty acids, consisting of pentaene and hexaene moieties either at the terminus or in the middle of the acyl chain, has been developed. The fluorescent properties of the Gb3 derivatives were investigated in small unilamellar vesicles composed of a raft-like mixture. Phase-separated giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) allowed the quantification of the apparent partitioning coefficients of the Gb3 compounds by means of confocal fluorescence laser scanning microscopy. The determined partition coefficients demonstrate that the Gb3 derivatives are preferentially localized in the liquid-disordered (ld ) phase. To analyze whether the compounds behave like their physiological counterparts, Cy3-labeled (Cy: cyanine) Shiga toxin B subunits (STxB) were specifically bound to Gb3 -doped GUVs. However, the protein was favorably localized in the ld phase, in contrast to results reported for STxB bound to naturally occurring Gb3 , which is discussed in terms of the packing density of the lipids in the liquid-ordered (lo ) phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J Patalag
- TU Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jeremias Sibold
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ole M Schütte
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Steinem
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- TU Braunschweig, Institut für Organische Chemie, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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19
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Lücht A, Patalag LJ, Augustin AU, Jones PG, Werz DB. Reactions of Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes with Naphthoquinones: Redox and Lewis Acid Catalysis Working in Concert. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:10587-10591. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201703732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lücht
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institut für Organische Chemie; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Lukas J. Patalag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institut für Organische Chemie; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - André U. Augustin
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institut für Organische Chemie; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institut für Organische Chemie; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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20
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Lücht A, Patalag LJ, Augustin AU, Jones PG, Werz DB. Reaktionen von Donor-Akzeptor-Cyclopropanen mit Naphthochinonen: eine Kombination aus Redox- und Lewis-Säure-Katalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201703732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lücht
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institut für Organische Chemie; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Lukas J. Patalag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institut für Organische Chemie; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - André U. Augustin
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institut für Organische Chemie; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institut für Organische Chemie; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
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21
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Abstract
A novel entry to meso-decorated BODIPY motifs on the basis of an unusual aldol-type addition with diethyl ketomalonate is reported. The evolving β-hydroxyl group can be optionally eliminated, which suppresses the fluorescence of the BODIPY core by attachment of a π-electronically coupled methylidene malonate unit. This unit serves as a versatile, highly electrophilic acceptor platform for various nucleophilic additions. Corresponding products benefit from a fully restored fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J Patalag
- Institut für Organische Chemie and ‡Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jan A Ulrichs
- Institut für Organische Chemie and ‡Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Peter G Jones
- Institut für Organische Chemie and ‡Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Institut für Organische Chemie and ‡Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig , Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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22
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Patalag LJ, Werz DB. Benzothiadiazole oligoene fatty acids: fluorescent dyes with large Stokes shifts. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:2739-2747. [PMID: 28144344 PMCID: PMC5238556 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report on the synthesis and characterization of novel fluorescent fatty acids with large Stokes shifts. Three examples consisting of the same number of carbon atoms and thus of similar chain length are presented differing in their degree of unsaturation. As major fluorogenic contributor at the terminus benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole was used. Respective syntheses based on Wittig reactions followed by iodine-mediated isomerization are presented. The absorption properties are modulated by the number of conjugated C=C double bonds of the oligoene chain ranging from one to three. Large Stokes shifts of about 4900-5700 cm-1 and fluorescence quantum yields of up to 0.44 were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J Patalag
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J. Patalag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institut für Organische Chemie; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institut für Organische Chemie; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Deutschland
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Patalag LJ, Jones PG, Werz DB. BOIMPYs: Rapid Access to a Family of Red-Emissive Fluorophores and NIR Dyes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:13340-13344. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201606883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J. Patalag
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institute of Organic Chemistry; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Peter G. Jones
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Daniel B. Werz
- Technische Universität Braunschweig; Institute of Organic Chemistry; Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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25
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Schütte OM, Patalag LJ, Weber LMC, Ries A, Römer W, Werz DB, Steinem C. 2-Hydroxy Fatty Acid Enantiomers of Gb3 Impact Shiga Toxin Binding and Membrane Organization. Biophys J 2016; 108:2775-8. [PMID: 26083916 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin subunit B (STxB) binding to its cellular receptor Gb3 leads to the formation of protein-lipid clusters and bending of the membrane. A newly developed synthetic route allowed synthesizing the biologically most relevant Gb3-C24:1 2OH species with both, the natural (Gb3-R) as well as the unnatural (Gb3-S) configuration of the 2OH group. The derivatives bind STxB with identical nanomolar affinity, while the propensity to induce membrane tubules in giant unilamellar vesicles is more pronounced for Gb3-S. Fluorescence and atomic force microscopy images of phase-separated supported membranes revealed differences in the lateral organization of the protein on the membrane. Gb3-R favorably induces large and tightly packed protein clusters, while a lower protein density is found on Gb3-S doped membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole M Schütte
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lukas J Patalag
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Lucas M C Weber
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Annika Ries
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Winfried Römer
- Faculty of Biology and BIOSS-Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel B Werz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technical University Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Claudia Steinem
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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Schütte OM, Ries A, Orth A, Patalag LJ, Römer W, Steinem C, Werz DB. Influence of Gb3 glycosphingolipids differing in their fatty acid chain on the phase behaviour of solid supported membranes: chemical syntheses and impact of Shiga toxin binding. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4sc01290a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Abstract
Molecular fluorescent probes have revolutionized biochemical and biophysical studies in the last decades, but with regard to lipids there has been a lack of combining the slim shape of saturated acyl chains with fluorescent properties. Our strategy to pentaene and hexaene fatty acids builds upon commercially available 4-(E)-decenal, which is subjected to a Wittig-Horner reaction after chlorination in α-position. DBU-mediated β-elimination of HCl proceeding the olefination establishes a highly conjugated system to which a salt-free Wittig reaction adds a final double bond leading to a good (Z)-selectivity of 83-86%. The double bond geometry can be optionally isomerized with I(2) to furnish the all-(E)-species. The five conjugated alkene moieties result in a longest-wavelength absorption maximum of about 350 nm. A red-shift to 380 nm was realized by addition of another double bond employing a common Wittig-Horner prolongation sequence. Stokes shifts of about 7300 and 7800 cm(-1), respectively, were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas J Patalag
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstr. 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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