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Fernández-García A, Risco-Castillo V, Pedraza-Díaz S, Aguado-Martínez A, Álvarez-García G, Gómez-Bautista M, Collantes-Fernández E, Ortega-Mora LM. First Isolation of Besnoitia besnoiti from a Chronically Infected Cow in Spain. J Parasitol 2009; 95:474-6. [DOI: 10.1645/ge-1772.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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2
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Alvarez-García G, Pitarch A, Zaballos A, Fernández-García A, Gil C, Gómez-Bautista M, Aguado-Martínez A, Ortega-Mora LM. The NcGRA7 gene encodes the immunodominant 17 kDa antigen of Neospora caninum. Parasitology 2006; 134:41-50. [PMID: 17032479 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182006001284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2006] [Revised: 06/28/2006] [Accepted: 07/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A Neospora caninum 17-19 kDa antigenic protein fraction (p17) in one-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) is the immunodominant antigen recognized by sera from bovines naturally infected by N. caninum. To identify the proteins making up the p17 fraction, we screened a new N. caninum tachyzoite cDNA library with an affinity-purified antibody against p17 (APA17). We isolated several cDNA clones with 100% sequence identity to the NcGRA7 gene. This previously described gene encodes a dense granule protein with an apparent molecular mass of 33 kDa. A second line of evidence emerged through a combined proteomic approach associating two-dimensional PAGE (2D-PAGE) to Western blotting and to mass spectrometry to characterize the p17 fraction. Two acidic immunodominant but minority protein spots were recognized by APA17 and by bovine sera. These antigens of 17 and 33 kDa are respectively composed of 4 and 2 isoforms. Furthermore, p17 isolation by 2D-PAGE and peptide sequencing by tandem mass spectrometry yielded a partial sequence of 17 amino acids, which allowed the putative amino terminal region of the NcGRA7 protein to be identified unambiguously. The NcGRA7 protein, without the putative signal peptide at the NH2-terminus, was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli and when the purified recombinant protein (rNcGRA7) was analysed by SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry, 2 bands of 24 and 33 kDa were resolved and identified as NcGRA7. These results demonstrate that the immunodominant 17 kDa antigen of N. caninum is encoded by the NcGRA7 gene.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Antigens, Protozoan/chemistry
- Antigens, Protozoan/genetics
- Antigens, Protozoan/immunology
- Base Sequence
- Blotting, Western
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Coccidiosis/diagnosis
- Coccidiosis/immunology
- DNA, Complementary
- Databases, Nucleic Acid
- Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional
- Expressed Sequence Tags
- Genes, Protozoan
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Neospora/chemistry
- Neospora/genetics
- Neospora/immunology
- Protozoan Proteins/chemistry
- Protozoan Proteins/genetics
- Protozoan Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/chemistry
- Recombinant Proteins/genetics
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry
- Vero Cells
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Affiliation(s)
- G Alvarez-García
- Grupo SALUVET, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain
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3
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Chávez-Velásquez A, Alvarez-García G, Gómez-Bautista M, Casas-Astos E, Serrano-Martínez E, Ortega-Mora LM. Toxoplasma gondii infection in adult llamas (Lama glama) and vicunas (Vicugnavicugna) in the Peruvian Andean region. Vet Parasitol 2005; 130:93-7. [PMID: 15893075 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2004] [Revised: 02/28/2005] [Accepted: 03/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate Toxoplasma gondii infection in adult llamas (Lama glama) and vicunas (Vicugna vicugna) in the Peruvian Andean region, for which to date no information has been available. Serum samples from 43 llamas (L. glama) and 200 vicunas were tested by IFAT detecting titres of 1:50 or higher in 55.8% (33.9-70.9%) and 5.5% (2.8-9.6%), respectively. IFAT titres ranged from 1:50 to 1:6400. In order to avoid cross reactions with closely related coccidian parasites and to confirm the existence of T. gondii specific antibodies, IFAT positive sera from both ruminant species were also analysed by western blot. T. gondii specific antigens were recognised by IFAT positive sera, although different IFAT cut-off points could be selected for llamas (1:200) and vicunas (1:50) meaning seroprevalence of 44.2% (29.1-60.1%) and 5.5% (2.8-9.6%), respectively. Based on the frequency and intensity of tachyzoite antigen recognition, at least three immunodominant antigens with apparent molecular weights of 22-24, 30, and 38-40 kDa were detected, together with other minor protein fractions located in the 18-73 kDa range. This study documents for the first time the presence of T. gondii infection and reports the target T. gondii antigens in adult llamas and vicunas in Peru.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chávez-Velásquez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Centro de Investigaciones IVITA, 41-0068 Lima, Peru
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Alvarez-García G, Pereira-Bueno J, Gómez-Bautista M, Ortega-Mora LM. Pattern of recognition of Neospora caninum tachyzoite antigens by naturally infected pregnant cattle and aborted foetuses. Vet Parasitol 2002; 107:15-27. [PMID: 12072210 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4017(02)00091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Different aspects of Neospora tachyzoite antigen recognition by Neospora-infected heifers and cows and aborted foetuses were studied. The pattern of antigen recognition and the relationship between IFAT titres and number of Neospora antigens detected, were evaluated. In addition, the tachyzoite antigens involved in the humoral immune response developed against infection in normal cows and cows that aborted were also characterised throughout pregnancy. Comparison of tachyzoite antigen recognition was carried out in 13 thoracic and/or abdominal fluids from Neospora aborted foetuses and 33 sera from Neospora infected cows that had aborted. The kinetics of Neospora-antigen recognition was studied in Neospora-infected heifers and cows that had aborted foetuses (7) or not (14) during pregnancy. Based on the frequency and intensity of recognition, four IDAs-17-18, 34-35, 37 and 60-62kDa antigens-have been described. Moreover, a correlation was found between Western blot results and IFAT titres in both age groups. In relation to antigen recognition throughout pregnancy by seropositive cows that had aborted or not, the antibody fluctuations throughout pregnancy described in the literature could be due to differences in the intensity and frequency of recognition of particular antigens, especially the 17-18kDa antigen. We emphasize the important role that the 17-18kDa antigen could play in the serological diagnosis of Neospora infection in cattle as this was intensely detected in 100% of the animals.
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MESH Headings
- Aborted Fetus/parasitology
- Abortion, Veterinary/immunology
- Abortion, Veterinary/parasitology
- Animals
- Antibodies, Protozoan/analysis
- Antibodies, Protozoan/immunology
- Antigens, Protozoan/blood
- Antigens, Protozoan/immunology
- Blotting, Western/veterinary
- Cattle
- Cattle Diseases/immunology
- Cattle Diseases/parasitology
- Coccidiosis/immunology
- Coccidiosis/parasitology
- Coccidiosis/veterinary
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel/veterinary
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect/veterinary
- Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/veterinary
- Kinetics
- Molecular Weight
- Neospora/immunology
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/immunology
- Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/parasitology
- Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/veterinary
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Affiliation(s)
- G Alvarez-García
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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5
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García A, Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria J, Orden J, Cid D, Sanz R, Gómez-Bautista M, de la Fuente R. Rotavirus and concurrent infections with other enteropathogens in neonatal diarrheic dairy calves in Spain. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2000; 23:175-83. [PMID: 10855663 PMCID: PMC7133995 DOI: 10.1016/s0147-9571(99)00071-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Faeces samples from 218, one to 30 days old, diarrheic dairy calves in 65 dairy herds were screened for the presence of rotavirus and concurrent infections with coronavirus, Cryptosporidium, F5+ Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. Calves were grouped according to their age as follows: 1-7, 8-14, 15-21 and 22-30 days. Rotavirus infection was detected in 46.9%, 45.6%, 33.8% and 48.3% of the calves in the respective age-groups. No significant differences in the detection rate of rotavirus were found among calves on the different age-groups. Rotavirus was the only enteropathogen detected in 39 of the 93 (41.9%) diarrheic calves positive to this agent. Concurrent infections with other enteropathogen(s) were detected in 31.3%, 33.3%, 20.6% and 3.4% of the rotavirus infected calves in the age-groups 1-7, 8-14, 15-21 and 22-30 d, respectively. A significant age-associated decrease in the detection rate of mixed infections (p < 0.01) was found. The detection rates of the other enteropathogens considered in calves with rotavirus infection were 20.4% for coronavirus, 85.2% for Cryptosporidium, 16.7% for F5+ E. coli and 1.8% for Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - R. de la Fuente
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +34-1-394-3703; fax: +34-1-394-3908
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Rodríguez-Bertos A, Corchero J, Castaño M, Peña L, Luzón M, Gómez-Bautista M, Meana A. Pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala perfoliata infection in the ileocaecal junction of equids. Zentralbl Veterinarmed A 1999; 46:261-9. [PMID: 10445000 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0442.1999.00203.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The pathological alterations caused by Anoplocephala perfoliata in the ileocaecal junction of 28 equids slaughtered in an abattoir in Madrid (Central Spain) are described. The lesions were scored in grades based on the intensity of the damage and were related to the tapeworm number observed. The first grade (grade I) of alterations consisted of a slight enteritis associated with focal erosions observed in 43% of parasitized animals with low parasitic burden (1-26 tapeworms). The second grade (grade II) was a focal pseudomembranous enteritis, present in the ileocaecal junctions of 36% infected animals with moderate to high burden (23-188 tapeworms), and the third grade (grade III) was a regional necrotizing enteritis, present in the animals (21%) with the highest burden (72-248 tapeworms). The possible role of the lesions caused by this parasite in the aetiology of colic is discussed.
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7
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de la Fuente R, Luzón M, Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria JA, García A, Cid D, Orden JA, García S, Sanz R, Gómez-Bautista M. Cryptosporidium and concurrent infections with other major enterophatogens in 1 to 30-day-old diarrheic dairy calves in central Spain. Vet Parasitol 1999; 80:179-85. [PMID: 9950342 PMCID: PMC7130839 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4017(98)00218-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Faeces samples from 218, 1 to 30-day-old, diarrheic dairy calves in 65 dairy herds were screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium and concurrent infections with rotavirus, coronavirus, F5 Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. Calves were grouped according to their age as follows: 1-7, 8-14, 15-21 and 22-30 days. Cryptosporidium infection was detected in 43.8%, 71.9%, 63.2% and 6.9% of the calves in the respective age groups. Significant differences in the detection rate of Cryptosporidium were found between the age group 22-30 days and all other age groups, and between the age group 1-7 days and the age groups 8-14 days and 15-21 days. Cryptosporidium was the only enteropathogen detected in 60 of the 114 (52.6%) diarrheic calves. Concurrent infections with other enteropathogen(s) were detected in 64.3%, 46.3%, 39.5% and 0% of the Cryptosporidium-infected calves in the age groups 1-7, 8-14, 15-21 and 22-30 days, respectively. A significant age-associated decrease in the detection rate of mixed infections (p < 0.05) was found. The detection rates of the other enteropathogens considered in calves with Cryptosporidium infection were 87% for rotavirus, 11.1% for coronavirus, 27.8% for F5+ E. coli and 1.8% for Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- R de la Fuente
- Departamento Patología Animal I, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
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8
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de la Fuente R, García A, Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria JA, Luzón M, Cid D, García S, Orden JA, Gómez-Bautista M. Proportional morbidity rates of enteropathogens among diarrheic dairy calves in central Spain. Prev Vet Med 1998; 36:145-52. [PMID: 9762735 PMCID: PMC7133840 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5877(98)00077-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Faecal samples from 218 diarrheic dairy calves in 65 dairy herds, selected by convenience, were screened for the presence of rotavirus, coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., F5+ Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. Animals surveyed were from 1 to 30 days old. Cryptosporidium and rotavirus were the most commonly detected agents (52.3% and 42.7% of the samples positive, respectively). F5+ E. coli was detected in the faeces of 11.9% of the calves and bovine coronavirus was detected in the faeces of 7.3% of the calves. Salmonella spp. was only found in the faeces of two calves (0.9%). Mixed infections with two or more agents occurred in 28% of the calves. Concurrent infection of rotavirus and Cryptosporidium was found in 21.6% of the calves. Two tests were used for the detection of rotavirus (a commercial ELISA and PAGE), F5+ E. coli (ELISA and bacterial culture) and Cryptosporidium (ELISA and microscopy). The validity of the commercial ELISA for the detection of rotavirus, F5+ E. coli and Cryptosporidium in faeces from diarrheic calves was evaluated using PAGE, bacterial culture and microscopy as gold standard, respectively. The ELISA showed a very low sensitivity (28.6%) for the detection of F5+ E. coli compared to bacterial culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- R de la Fuente
- Departamento Patología Animal 1, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
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9
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Abstract
Three coprological methods were tested to establish the reliability of in vivo diagnosis of Anoplocephala perfoliata. A total of 107 faecal samples were analyzed, and the presence of tapeworms were confirmed postmortem in 24 animals with burdens that ranged from 1 to 248 worms; most of them (71%) with less than 100 parasites. Best results were obtained with a combination of two sedimentation/flotation methods, detecting only half the parasitized animals (54% sensitivity). No relationship could be established between tapeworm burden and egg detection, but results indicate that coprological methods have a lower likelihood of diagnosing cestode infection when horses have less than 100 tapeworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meana
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Meana A, Luzón-Peña M, Santiago-Moreno J, De Bulnes A, Gómez-Bautista M. Natural infection by gastrointestinal and bronchopulmonary nematodes in mouflons (Ovis musimon) and their response to netobimin treatment. J Wildl Dis 1996; 32:39-43. [PMID: 8627934 DOI: 10.7589/0090-3558-32.1.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal and bronchopulmonary nematode infections and the efficacy of netobimin (Hapasil) were analyzed by way of fecal examination in 10 female mouflons (Ovis musimon), in central Spain, February 1993. Before treatment all 10 mouflons had Trichostrongylus axei, Teladorsagia circumcincta and Marshallagia spp.; sic had Nematodirus spp., two had Trichuris sp., one had Capillaria sp., seven had bronchopulmonary Dictyocaulus filaria and 10 mouflons had protostrongylid lungworms (Muellerius capillaris, Protostrongylus rufescens, Cystocaulus ocreatus or Neostrongylus linearis). Netobimin (7.5 mg/kg) was 100% effective against T. axei, T. circumcincta, Marshallagia spp., and D. filaria infections whereas one animal continued eliminating Nematodirus spp. eggs. The drug also was effective against Capillaria spp. but not against Trichuris spp. or protostrongylid infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meana
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
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11
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Abstract
From February to September 1993, ten adult female mouflons (Ovis musimon) and their five offspring from central Spain were examined weekly for coccidial infection. All adult mouflons had Eimeria spp. infections with mean (+/- SD) intensity of 1,869 (+/- 1,264) oocysts per gram of feces the day of capture, increasing progressively during the first two months in captivity and later returning to the initial values (1,869 +/- 1,547). The mean (+/- SD) oocyst shedding in young animals was 16,800 (+/- 966) oocysts per gram at 1 mo and 18,796 (+/- 1,220) at 1.5 mo of age and more than 40,000 (40,250 to 52,000) at 3 mo of age; this high intensity was associated with a transient diarrhea. The species involved, in order of frequency, were E. bakuensis (syn. Eimeria ovina), E. ovinoidalis, E. crandallis, E. caprovina, E. parva, E. faurei, E. granulosa and E. intricata, and one more not previously described and recorded as Eimeria sp.. The predominant species for both age groups was E. bakuensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gómez-Bautista
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
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12
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Luzón-Peña M, Rojo-Vázquez FA, Gómez-Bautista M. Seasonal availability of Fasciola hepatica metacercariae in a temperate Mediterranean area (Madrid, Spain). Zentralbl Veterinarmed B 1995; 42:577-85. [PMID: 8594843 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1995.tb00751.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In this experiment, conducted over a 3-year period (1988-1990), the seasonal availability of Fasciola hepatica metacercariae in a temperate Mediterranean area (Madrid, central Spain) was analysed according to the rhythms of snail infection, the periods of cercarial emission, and the resistance of metacercariae. In this area, snails could be infected from late April to early November. Cercarial emission by spring infection started at the beginning of summer and terminated 3-4 weeks later. Mid-summer temperatures led to the extinction of shedding populations and of the metacercariae emitted by them, but were well tolerated by the snails with undeveloped infections. No aestivation was observed and summer infection led to a progressive shedding wave from August to late December, when it was interrupted. These populations became extinguished in the colder winter of 1988, but overwintered in the mild and belated winter of 1989. Only the snails infected from late summer onwards resumed activity and shed cercariae in spring, from the second half of March to late June. Risk of infection for grazing animals during winter will depend on survival of metacercariae. With a mean mortality of 23% during December and January, and of 38% during the following 2 months, no more than 30% of metacercariae reach the spring alive. Accordingly, risk of infection for grazing animals in spring will depend on overwintering infection of snails. These results indicate that temperature more than humidity could be responsible for different transmission patterns from year to year as winter thermic profiles could be the key for the transmission of fasciolosis during spring.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Luzón-Peña
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal) Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
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13
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Luzón-Peña M, Rojo-Vázquez FA, Gómez-Bautista M. The overwintering of eggs, intramolluscal stages and metacercariae of Fasciola hepatica under the temperatures of a Mediterranean area (Madrid, Spain). Vet Parasitol 1994; 55:143-8. [PMID: 7886913 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4017(94)90065-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The survival of embryonated and unembryonated eggs, of snails with mature or immature infection and of metacercariae over the winter of a Mediterranean area was analyzed. Embryonated eggs were more resistant than unembryonated eggs to cold weather, leaving a residual contamination which was responsible for earlier spring infection of the snail. Overwintering was similar in snail populations with both mature and immature infections although the lifespan was shorter in the former. Both snail populations survived in the mildest winter but not in the coldest. Only metacercariae from mid autumn were able to overwinter in an significant proportion (45%) but they were non-viable by mid spring. Our results suggest that in very cold winters no risk for grazing animals should be expected in spring.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Luzón-Peña
- Departamento de Patologia Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Compultense de Madrid, Spain
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14
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Ortega-Mora LM, Troncoso JM, Rojo-Vázquez FA, Gómez-Bautista M. Serum antibody response in lambs naturally and experimentally infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. Vet Parasitol 1993; 50:45-54. [PMID: 8291196 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4017(93)90006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The immunoglobulin (IgG), IgM and IgA responses in Castellana-Manchega cross-bred colostrum-deprived and colostrum-fed lambs infected neonatally with Cryptosporidium parvum were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A comparison of oocyst shedding and anti-C. parvum serum IgG levels in lambs suffering either natural or experimental infection was undertaken. Effects on the oocyst shedding and IgG levels of C. parvum rechallenge at 30 and 120 days of age in neonatally infected lambs were also evaluated. Anti-C. parvum immunoglobulin levels in colostrum-deprived animals peaked on Day 30 of life for IgG and on Day 15 for IgM and IgA. Lambs that received maternal colostrum showed elevated anti-C. parvum IgG, IgM and IgA levels at 3 days old indicating a transfer of colostral immunoglobulins. Experimentally infected lambs showed a IgG response similar to naturally infected lambs, suggesting that the serum IgG response is independent of the infective dose. Finally, lambs rechallenged at 30 and 120 days old did not show either appreciable oocyst shedding or any increase in their anti-C. parvum IgG levels when compared with prechallenged animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Ortega-Mora
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
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15
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Ortega-Mora LM, Troncoso JM, Rojo-Vázquez FA, Gómez-Bautista M. Cross-reactivity of polyclonal serum antibodies generated against Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. Infect Immun 1992; 60:3442-5. [PMID: 1639512 PMCID: PMC257334 DOI: 10.1128/iai.60.8.3442-3445.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyclonal antibodies raised against Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts were found to cross-react with Eimeria spp. oocyst antigens in an indirect immunofluorescence assay, and sera from Eimeria spp.-infected lambs reacted with some antigens from sonicated C. parvum oocysts (between 29 to 30 and 66 to 69 kDa) by Western blot (immunoblot). No cross-reaction was observed with cystozoites of Toxoplasma and Sarcocystis spp. These results show the existence of epitopes common to C. parvum and various Eimeria spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Ortega-Mora
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
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16
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Luzón-Peña M, Rojo-Vázquez FA, Gómez-Bautista M. The overwintering of Fasciola hepatica eggs under semi-arid and temperate Mediterranean climate (Madrid, Spain). Zentralbl Veterinarmed B 1992; 39:369-75. [PMID: 1519414 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0450.1992.tb01182.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In this experimental work, conducted over two consecutive years (1988 and 1989), we have analyzed the overwintering possibilities of Fasciola hepatica eggs deposited in winter in a semi-arid and temperate Mediterranean area (Madrid, Spain). Eggs did not survive for more than a week in faeces at environmental moisture conditions. In contrast, over a 75% of the eggs maintained in permanently wet faeces survived winter temperatures, showing no high mortality until important thermic increment from June. The success of overwintering was higher in eggs arrested in wet faeces than included in water (55% "versus" 20% of hatching in spring), and it was unrelated to the deposition time (excretion in early or late winter). The hatching period of overwintered eggs started in May, at the same time as those excreted in early spring. Therefore, overwintering of eggs will have an effect on the level but not on the start of the spring contamination with miracidia. The dry winters of this semi-arid area greatly restrict the overwintering eggs contamination to soils next to streams, ponds or irrigation channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Luzón-Peña
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, España
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Gómez-Bautista M, Rojo-Vázquez FA. Chemotherapy and chemoprophylaxis of hepatic coccidiosis with sulphadimethoxine and pyrimethamine. Res Vet Sci 1986; 41:28-32. [PMID: 2876468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The activity of a mixture of sulphadimethoxine and pyrimethamine (10:3) as prophylactic medication and prophylactic and therapeutic medication was studied in rabbits experimentally infected with Eimeria stiedai. The haematocrit index (packed cell volume) and haemoglobin levels were studied for assessment of drug toxicity. The activity in serum of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase were studied as indicators of hepatic lesions. Parasite development was followed on the basis of the presence of oocysts; other parameters were analysed in order to monitor the performance of infected animals. All the parameters studied showed that the chemoprophylactic medication provided efficient control of the infection and of the hepatic lesions. Serum AST activity was seen to be a good indicator of the effect of the drugs on the liver.
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