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Smith J, Irwin A, Jensen L, Tedesco K, Misir S, Zhu W, Almonte A, He Y, Olivo M, O'Shaughnessy J. Abstract P6-14-05: Phase 2 study evaluating the efficacy and safety of eribulin mesylate administered biweekly for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p6-14-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Eribulin mesylate, a microtubule inhibitor, is approved in the US for the treatment of patients (pts) with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) who have previously received at least 2 chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of metastatic disease, including an anthracycline and a taxane. The recommended dose is 1.4 mg/m2 (equivalent to 1.23 mg/m2 eribulin [expressed as free base]) on day (D) 1 and D8 of a 21-D cycle. However, this schedule can result in dose delays and reductions due to myelosuppression. A dosing regimen of eribulin (1.4 mg/m2) administered intravenously (IV) biweekly (Q2W; on D1 and D15) in 28-D cycles was evaluated with the intent of improving eribulin's safety profile without compromising efficacy.
Methods: Female pts with human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)2-negative MBC, who had received 2-5 prior chemotherapy regimens and had ECOG PS ≤2 were enrolled in 12 sites in the US. Prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was not allowed. If neutropenia occurred, growth factors were used during eribulin treatment at the physician's discretion. Primary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR). Secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), dose intensity (measured by feasibility rate), safety and tolerability.
Results: Median age of the 58 enrolled pts was 64 yrs (range: 38-85). The majority of pts (93%) had ECOG PS ≤1, and 12% of pts had triple-negative MBC. Number of prior chemotherapeutic regimens: 2 (17% of patients), 3 (24%), 4 (27%), and 5 (31%). 76% Of pts had visceral disease and 86% had previous taxane therapy. ORR (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 12% (5-24), DCR (CR+PR+SD) was 65% (95% CI: 51-77), and CBR (CR+PR+SD ≥23 weeks) was 30% (95% CI: 18-43) [n=57]. Median PFS (95% CI) was 3.6 mo (2.9-4.1). Median OS (95% CI) was 13.2 mo (10.6-not estimable). 6-Month and 12-month OS rates were 84% and 54%, respectively. Dose intensity measured by the feasibility rate (defined as the percentage of pts completing the first 2 and 4 cycles without a dose delay >5 days or dose reduction due to an adverse event [AE]) was 70% and 46%, respectively.
The most frequent AEs (all grades) were neutropenia (69%), fatigue (48%), alopecia (45%), and constipation (36%). 22% Of pts had grade (G) 1 alopecia and 22% of pts had G2 alopecia. 72% Of pts had G3/4 AEs: neutropenia, 57%, and peripheral neuropathy, 12%. G3 peripheral sensory neuropathy occurred in 9% of pts, with no G4 incidence. There were 2 deaths (1 sepsis, 1 acute respiratory failure), which were considered not related to treatment. 50% (29/58) Of all patients received at least 1 dose of growth factor and 70% (28/40) of patients with neutropenia received growth-factor support.
Conclusions: Tumor response rates and OS of this treatment schedule in a heavily pretreated patient population were similar compared to previously reported phase 3 studies of eribulin. The toxicities associated with biweekly eribulin were manageable.
Citation Format: Smith II J, Irwin A, Jensen L, Tedesco K, Misir S, Zhu W, Almonte A, He Y, Olivo M, O'Shaughnessy J. Phase 2 study evaluating the efficacy and safety of eribulin mesylate administered biweekly for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative metastatic breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-14-05.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Smith
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Leesburg, VA; Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Boulder, CO; New York Oncology Hematology, Albany, NY; Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ; Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - A Irwin
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Leesburg, VA; Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Boulder, CO; New York Oncology Hematology, Albany, NY; Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ; Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - L Jensen
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Leesburg, VA; Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Boulder, CO; New York Oncology Hematology, Albany, NY; Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ; Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - K Tedesco
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Leesburg, VA; Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Boulder, CO; New York Oncology Hematology, Albany, NY; Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ; Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - S Misir
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Leesburg, VA; Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Boulder, CO; New York Oncology Hematology, Albany, NY; Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ; Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - W Zhu
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Leesburg, VA; Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Boulder, CO; New York Oncology Hematology, Albany, NY; Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ; Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - A Almonte
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Leesburg, VA; Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Boulder, CO; New York Oncology Hematology, Albany, NY; Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ; Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - Y He
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Leesburg, VA; Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Boulder, CO; New York Oncology Hematology, Albany, NY; Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ; Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - M Olivo
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Leesburg, VA; Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Boulder, CO; New York Oncology Hematology, Albany, NY; Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ; Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, Dallas, TX
| | - J O'Shaughnessy
- Compass Oncology, Portland, OR; US Oncology, The Woodlands, TX; Virginia Cancer Specialists, Leesburg, VA; Rocky Mountain Cancer Centers, Boulder, CO; New York Oncology Hematology, Albany, NY; Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ; Baylor University Medical Center, Texas Oncology, Dallas, TX
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Katakami N, Felip E, Spigel DR, Kim JH, Olivo M, Guo M, Nokihara H, Yang JCH, Iannotti N, Satouchi M, Barlesi F. A randomized, open-label, multicenter, phase 3 study to compare the efficacy and safety of eribulin to treatment of physician's choice in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2017; 28:2241-2247. [PMID: 28911085 PMCID: PMC5834051 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eribulin is a microtubule dynamics inhibitor with a novel mechanism of action. This phase 3 study aimed to compare overall survival (OS) in patients with heavily pretreated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving eribulin to treatment of physician's choice (TPC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with advanced NSCLC who had received ≥2 prior therapies, including platinum-based doublet and epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, were randomly assigned to receive eribulin or TPC (gemcitabine, pemetrexed, vinorelbine, docetaxel). The primary endpoint was OS. Secondary endpoints were progression-free survival and objective response rate. RESULTS Five hundred and forty patients were randomized to either eribulin (n = 270) or TPC (n = 270). Median OS for eribulin and TPC was the same: 9.5 months [hazard ratio (HR): 1.16; 95% confidence interval: 0.95-1.41; P = 0.13]. Progression-free survival for eribulin and TPC was 3.0 and 2.8 months, respectively (HR: 1.09; 95% confidence interval: 0.90-1.32; P = 0.39). The objective response rate was 12% for eribulin and 15% for TPC. Clinical benefit rate (eribulin, 57%; TPC, 55%) and disease control rate (eribulin, 63%; TPC, 58%) were similar between treatment arms. The most common adverse event was neutropenia, which occurred in 57% of eribulin patients and 49% of TPC patients at all grades. Other non-hematologic side-effects were manageable and similar in both groups except for peripheral sensory neuropathy (all grades; eribulin, 16%; TPC, 9%). CONCLUSION This phase 3 study did not demonstrate superiority of eribulin over TPC with regard to overall survival. However, eribulin does show activity in the third-line setting for NSCLC. TRIAL REGISTRATION ID www.ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT01454934.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Katakami
- Division of Integrated Oncology, Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - E. Felip
- Department of Oncology, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D. R. Spigel
- Lung Cancer Research Program, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - J.-H. Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - M. Olivo
- Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA
| | - M. Guo
- Eisai Inc., Woodcliff Lake, NJ, USA
| | - H. Nokihara
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J. C.-H. Yang
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - N. Iannotti
- Department of Oncology, Hematology–Oncology Associates of Treasure Coast, Port St. Lucie, FL, USA
| | - M. Satouchi
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, Japan
| | - F. Barlesi
- Multidisciplinary Oncology & Therapeutic Innovations Department, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
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Chuah SY, Attia ABE, Long V, Ho CJH, Malempati P, Fu CY, Ford SJ, Lee JSS, Tan WP, Razansky D, Olivo M, Thng S. Structural and functional 3D mapping of skin tumours with non-invasive multispectral optoacoustic tomography. Skin Res Technol 2016; 23:221-226. [PMID: 27804169 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advances in technology have enabled the development of various non-invasive skin imaging tools to aid real-time diagnosis of both benign and malignant skin tumours, minimizing the need for invasive skin biopsy. Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) is a recently developed non-invasive imaging tool, which offers the unique capacity for high resolution three dimensional (3D) optical mapping of tissue by further delivering highly specific optical contrast from a depth of several millimetres to centimetres in living tissues. MSOT enables volumetric, spectroscopic differentiation of tissue, both in vivo and in real time, with and without the application of biomarker-specific probes, and is further able of providing spatial maps of skin chromophores, as well as underlying blood vasculature. METHODS Three patients with suspicious skin tumours consented to have their lesions imaged with MSOT prior to excision. The histological findings and measurements were compared. RESULTS We demonstrated the first in vivo clinical use of MSOT for 3D reconstruction of skin tumours in three patients with good histological correlation. CONCLUSION Our findings confirm the potential benefit of the new imaging method in guiding surgical intervention to achieve a more precise excision with better clearance and lower relapse rates. It can also potentially help to shorten the duration of Mohs' micrographic surgery. Further large-scale studies are necessary to ensure correlation between MSOT and histology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A B E Attia
- Bio-Optical Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - V Long
- Department of Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - C J H Ho
- Bio-Optical Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - P Malempati
- Bio-Optical Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - C Y Fu
- Bio-Optical Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore
| | - S J Ford
- iThera Medical GmbH, Munich, Germany
| | | | - W P Tan
- National Skin Centre, Singapore
| | - D Razansky
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center, Munich, Germany
| | - M Olivo
- Bio-Optical Imaging Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, Singapore.,School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - S Thng
- National Skin Centre, Singapore
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Davies K, Connolly J, Dockery P, Wheatley A, Olivo M, Keogh I. Point of care optical diagnostic technologies for the detection of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Surgeon 2015; 13:321-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Spigel D, Barlesi F, Felip E, Kim J, Olivo M, Nokihara H, Yang J, Satouchi M, Katakami N, Iannotti N. Efficacy and Safety of Eribulin Compared with Treatment of Physician’s Choice (TPC) in Patients with Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Results from a Phase 3 Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Twelves C, Cortes J, Olivo M, He Y, Awada A. Efficacy of Eribulin in a Second-Line or Later Setting in Patients (Pts) with Metastatic Breast Cancer (Mbc): a Pooled Analysis. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu329.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Aartsen MG, Abbasi R, Abdou Y, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Altmann D, Auffenberg J, Bai X, Baker M, Barwick SW, Baum V, Bay R, Beatty JJ, Bechet S, Becker Tjus J, Becker KH, Bell M, Benabderrahmane ML, Benzvi S, Berdermann J, Berghaus P, Berley D, Bernardini E, Bernhard A, Bertrand D, Besson DZ, Binder G, Bindig D, Bissok M, Blaufuss E, Blumenthal J, Boersma DJ, Bohaichuk S, Bohm C, Bose D, Böser S, Botner O, Brayeur L, Bretz HP, Brown AM, Bruijn R, Brunner J, Carson M, Casey J, Casier M, Chirkin D, Christov A, Christy B, Clark K, Clevermann F, Coenders S, Cohen S, Cowen DF, Cruz Silva AH, Danninger M, Daughhetee J, Davis JC, De Clercq C, De Ridder S, Desiati P, de With M, DeYoung T, Díaz-Vélez JC, Dunkman M, Eagan R, Eberhardt B, Eisch J, Ellsworth RW, Euler S, Evenson PA, Fadiran O, Fazely AR, Fedynitch A, Feintzeig J, Feusels T, Filimonov K, Finley C, Fischer-Wasels T, Flis S, Franckowiak A, Franke R, Frantzen K, Fuchs T, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Gerhardt L, Gladstone L, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Golup G, Gonzalez JG, Goodman JA, Góra D, Grandmont DT, Grant D, Groß A, Ha C, Haj Ismail A, Hallen P, Hallgren A, Halzen F, Hanson K, Heereman D, Heinen D, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Hickford S, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Hoffmann R, Homeier A, Hoshina K, Huelsnitz W, Hulth PO, Hultqvist K, Hussain S, Ishihara A, Jacobi E, Jacobsen J, Jagielski K, Japaridze GS, Jero K, Jlelati O, Kaminsky B, Kappes A, Karg T, Karle A, Kelley JL, Kiryluk J, Kislat F, Kläs J, Klein SR, Köhne JH, Kohnen G, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koskinen DJ, Kowalski M, Krasberg M, Krings K, Kroll G, Kunnen J, Kurahashi N, Kuwabara T, Labare M, Landsman H, Larson MJ, Lesiak-Bzdak M, Leuermann M, Leute J, Lünemann J, Madsen J, Maruyama R, Mase K, Matis HS, McNally F, Meagher K, Merck M, Mészáros P, Meures T, Miarecki S, Middell E, Milke N, Miller J, Mohrmann L, Montaruli T, Morse R, Nahnhauer R, Naumann U, Niederhausen H, Nowicki SC, Nygren DR, Obertacke A, Odrowski S, Olivas A, Olivo M, O'Murchadha A, Palazzo A, Paul L, Pepper JA, Pérez de los Heros C, Pfendner C, Pieloth D, Pinat E, Pirk N, Posselt J, Price PB, Przybylski GT, Rädel L, Rameez M, Rawlins K, Redl P, Reimann R, Resconi E, Rhode W, Ribordy M, Richman M, Riedel B, Rodrigues JP, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ruzybayev B, Ryckbosch D, Saba SM, Salameh T, Sander HG, Santander M, Sarkar S, Schatto K, Scheel M, Scheriau F, Schmidt T, Schmitz M, Schoenen S, Schöneberg S, Schönwald A, Schukraft A, Schulte L, Schulz O, Seckel D, Sestayo Y, Seunarine S, Sheremata C, Smith MWE, Soldin D, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stasik A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stößl A, Strahler EA, Ström R, Sullivan GW, Taavola H, Taboada I, Tamburro A, Tepe A, Ter-Antonyan S, Tešić G, Tilav S, Toale PA, Toscano S, Usner M, van der Drift D, van Eijndhoven N, Van Overloop A, van Santen J, Vehring M, Voge M, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Waldenmaier T, Wallraff M, Wasserman R, Weaver C, Wellons M, Wendt C, Westerhoff S, Whitehorn N, Wiebe K, Wiebusch CH, Williams DR, Wissing H, Wolf M, Wood TR, Woschnagg K, Xu C, Xu DL, Xu XW, Yanez JP, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Zarzhitsky P, Ziemann J, Zierke S, Zoll M. Measurement of atmospheric neutrino oscillations with IceCube. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:081801. [PMID: 24010427 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.081801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We present the first statistically significant detection of neutrino oscillations in the high-energy regime (>20 GeV) from an analysis of IceCube Neutrino Observatory data collected in 2010 and 2011. This measurement is made possible by the low-energy threshold of the DeepCore detector (~20 GeV) and benefits from the use of the IceCube detector as a veto against cosmic-ray-induced muon background. The oscillation signal was detected within a low-energy muon neutrino sample (20-100 GeV) extracted from data collected by DeepCore. A high-energy muon neutrino sample (100 GeV-10 TeV) was extracted from IceCube data to constrain systematic uncertainties. The disappearance of low-energy upward-going muon neutrinos was observed, and the nonoscillation hypothesis is rejected with more than 5σ significance. In a two-neutrino flavor formalism, our data are best described by the atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters |Δm(32)(2)|=(2.3(-0.5)(+0.6))×10(-3) eV(2) and sin(2)(2θ(23))>0.93, and maximum mixing is favored.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Aartsen
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide South Australia, 5005 Australia
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Aartsen MG, Abbasi R, Abdou Y, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Altmann D, Auffenberg J, Bai X, Baker M, Barwick SW, Baum V, Bay R, Beatty JJ, Bechet S, Becker Tjus J, Becker KH, Bell M, Benabderrahmane ML, BenZvi S, Berdermann J, Berghaus P, Berley D, Bernardini E, Bernhard A, Bertrand D, Besson DZ, Binder G, Bindig D, Bissok M, Blaufuss E, Blumenthal J, Boersma DJ, Bohaichuk S, Bohm C, Bose D, Böser S, Botner O, Brayeur L, Bretz HP, Brown AM, Bruijn R, Brunner J, Carson M, Casey J, Casier M, Chirkin D, Christov A, Christy B, Clark K, Clevermann F, Coenders S, Cohen S, Cowen DF, Cruz Silva AH, Danninger M, Daughhetee J, Davis JC, De Clercq C, De Ridder S, Desiati P, de With M, DeYoung T, Díaz-Vélez JC, Dunkman M, Eagan R, Eberhardt B, Eisch J, Ellsworth RW, Euler S, Evenson PA, Fadiran O, Fazely AR, Fedynitch A, Feintzeig J, Feusels T, Filimonov K, Finley C, Fischer-Wasels T, Flis S, Franckowiak A, Franke R, Frantzen K, Fuchs T, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Gerhardt L, Gladstone L, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Golup G, Gonzalez JG, Goodman JA, Góra D, Grant D, Groß A, Gurtner M, Ha C, Haj Ismail A, Hallen P, Hallgren A, Halzen F, Hanson K, Heereman D, Heinen D, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Hickford S, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Hoffmann R, Homeier A, Hoshina K, Huelsnitz W, Hulth PO, Hultqvist K, Hussain S, Ishihara A, Jacobi E, Jacobsen J, Jagielski K, Japaridze GS, Jero K, Jlelati O, Kaminsky B, Kappes A, Karg T, Karle A, Kelley JL, Kiryluk J, Kislat F, Kläs J, Klein SR, Köhne JH, Kohnen G, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koskinen DJ, Kowalski M, Krasberg M, Krings K, Kroll G, Kunnen J, Kurahashi N, Kuwabara T, Labare M, Landsman H, Larson MJ, Lesiak-Bzdak M, Leuermann M, Leute J, Lünemann J, Madsen J, Maruyama R, Mase K, Matis HS, McNally F, Meagher K, Merck M, Mészáros P, Meures T, Miarecki S, Middell E, Milke N, Miller J, Mohrmann L, Montaruli T, Morse R, Nahnhauer R, Naumann U, Niederhausen H, Nowicki SC, Nygren DR, Obertacke A, Odrowski S, Olivas A, Olivo M, O'Murchadha A, Paul L, Pepper JA, Pérez de los Heros C, Pfendner C, Pieloth D, Pinat E, Pirk N, Posselt J, Price PB, Przybylski GT, Rädel L, Rameez M, Rawlins K, Redl P, Reimann R, Resconi E, Rhode W, Ribordy M, Richman M, Riedel B, Rodrigues JP, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ruzybayev B, Ryckbosch D, Saba SM, Salameh T, Sander HG, Santander M, Sarkar S, Schatto K, Scheel M, Scheriau F, Schmidt T, Schmitz M, Schoenen S, Schöneberg S, Schönwald A, Schukraft A, Schulte L, Schulz O, Seckel D, Sestayo Y, Seunarine S, Sheremata C, Smith MWE, Soiron M, Soldin D, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stasik A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stößl A, Strahler EA, Ström R, Sullivan GW, Taavola H, Taboada I, Tamburro A, Ter-Antonyan S, Tešić G, Tilav S, Toale PA, Toscano S, Usner M, van der Drift D, van Eijndhoven N, Van Overloop A, van Santen J, Vehring M, Voge M, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Waldenmaier T, Wallraff M, Wasserman R, Weaver C, Wellons M, Wendt C, Westerhoff S, Whitehorn N, Wiebe K, Wiebusch CH, Williams DR, Wissing H, Wolf M, Wood TR, Woschnagg K, Xu C, Xu DL, Xu XW, Yanez JP, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Zarzhitsky P, Ziemann J, Zierke S, Zilles A, Zoll M. First observation of PeV-energy neutrinos with IceCube. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:021103. [PMID: 23889381 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.021103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We report on the observation of two neutrino-induced events which have an estimated deposited energy in the IceCube detector of 1.04±0.16 and 1.14±0.17 PeV, respectively, the highest neutrino energies observed so far. These events are consistent with fully contained particle showers induced by neutral-current ν(e,μ,τ) (ν(e,μ,τ)) or charged-current ν(e) (ν(e)) interactions within the IceCube detector. The events were discovered in a search for ultrahigh energy neutrinos using data corresponding to 615.9 days effective live time. The expected number of atmospheric background is 0.082±0.004(stat)(-0.057)(+0.041)(syst). The probability of observing two or more candidate events under the atmospheric background-only hypothesis is 2.9×10(-3) (2.8σ) taking into account the uncertainty on the expected number of background events. These two events could be a first indication of an astrophysical neutrino flux; the moderate significance, however, does not permit a definitive conclusion at this time.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Aartsen
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide South Australia 5005, Australia
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Aartsen MG, Abbasi R, Abdou Y, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Altmann D, Auffenberg J, Bai X, Baker M, Barwick SW, Baum V, Bay R, Beattie K, Beatty JJ, Bechet S, Becker Tjus J, Becker KH, Bell M, Benabderrahmane ML, BenZvi S, Berdermann J, Berghaus P, Berley D, Bernardini E, Bernhard A, Bertrand D, Besson DZ, Bindig D, Bissok M, Blaufuss E, Blumenthal J, Boersma DJ, Bohaichuk S, Bohm C, Bose D, Böser S, Botner O, Brayeur L, Brown AM, Bruijn R, Brunner J, Buitink S, Carson M, Casey J, Casier M, Chirkin D, Christy B, Clark K, Clevermann F, Cohen S, Cowen DF, Cruz Silva AH, Danninger M, Daughhetee J, Davis JC, De Clercq C, De Ridder S, Desiati P, de Vries-Uiterweerd G, de With M, DeYoung T, Díaz-Vélez JC, Dreyer J, Dunkman M, Eagan R, Eberhardt B, Eisch J, Ellsworth RW, Engdegård O, Euler S, Evenson PA, Fadiran O, Fazely AR, Fedynitch A, Feintzeig J, Feusels T, Filimonov K, Finley C, Fischer-Wasels T, Flis S, Franckowiak A, Franke R, Frantzen K, Fuchs T, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Gerhardt L, Gladstone L, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Golup G, Goodman JA, Góra D, Grant D, Groß A, Gurtner M, Ha C, Haj Ismail A, Hallgren A, Halzen F, Hanson K, Heereman D, Heimann P, Heinen D, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Hickford S, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Hoffmann R, Homeier A, Hoshina K, Huelsnitz W, Hulth PO, Hultqvist K, Hussain S, Ishihara A, Jacobi E, Jacobsen J, Japaridze GS, Jero K, Jlelati O, Kaminsky B, Kappes A, Karg T, Karle A, Kelley JL, Kiryluk J, Kislat F, Kläs J, Klein SR, Köhne JH, Kohnen G, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koskinen DJ, Kowalski M, Krasberg M, Kroll G, Kunnen J, Kurahashi N, Kuwabara T, Labare M, Landsman H, Larson MJ, Lesiak-Bzdak M, Leute J, Lünemann J, Madsen J, Maruyama R, Mase K, Matis HS, McNally F, Meagher K, Merck M, Mészáros P, Meures T, Miarecki S, Middell E, Milke N, Miller J, Mohrmann L, Montaruli T, Morse R, Nahnhauer R, Naumann U, Niederhausen H, Nowicki SC, Nygren DR, Obertacke A, Odrowski S, Olivas A, Olivo M, O'Murchadha A, Panknin S, Paul L, Pepper JA, Pérez de los Heros C, Pfendner C, Pieloth D, Pirk N, Posselt J, Price PB, Przybylski GT, Rädel L, Rawlins K, Redl P, Resconi E, Rhode W, Ribordy M, Richman M, Riedel B, Rodrigues JP, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ruzybayev B, Ryckbosch D, Saba SM, Salameh T, Sander HG, Santander M, Sarkar S, Schatto K, Scheel M, Scheriau F, Schmidt T, Schmitz M, Schoenen S, Schöneberg S, Schönherr L, Schönwald A, Schukraft A, Schulte L, Schulz O, Seckel D, Seo SH, Sestayo Y, Seunarine S, Sheremata C, Smith MWE, Soiron M, Soldin D, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stasik A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stößl A, Strahler EA, Ström R, Sullivan GW, Taavola H, Taboada I, Tamburro A, Ter-Antonyan S, Tilav S, Toale PA, Toscano S, Usner M, van der Drift D, van Eijndhoven N, Van Overloop A, van Santen J, Vehring M, Voge M, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Waldenmaier T, Wallraff M, Wasserman R, Weaver C, Wellons M, Wendt C, Westerhoff S, Whitehorn N, Wiebe K, Wiebusch CH, Williams DR, Wissing H, Wolf M, Wood TR, Woschnagg K, Xu C, Xu DL, Xu XW, Yanez JP, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Zarzhitsky P, Ziemann J, Zierke S, Zilles A, Zoll M. Measurement of the atmospheric νe flux in IceCube. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:151105. [PMID: 25167245 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.151105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurement of the atmospheric electron neutrino flux in the energy range between approximately 80 GeV and 6 TeV, using data recorded during the first year of operation of IceCube's DeepCore low-energy extension. Techniques to identify neutrinos interacting within the DeepCore volume and veto muons originating outside the detector are demonstrated. A sample of 1029 events is observed in 281 days of data, of which 496±66(stat)±88(syst) are estimated to be cascade events, including both electron neutrino and neutral current events. The rest of the sample includes residual backgrounds due to atmospheric muons and charged current interactions of atmospheric muon neutrinos. The flux of the atmospheric electron neutrinos is consistent with models of atmospheric neutrinos in this energy range. This constitutes the first observation of electron neutrinos and neutral current interactions in a very large volume neutrino telescope optimized for the TeV energy range.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Aartsen
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - R Abbasi
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Y Abdou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | | | - J Adams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - J A Aguilar
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - M Ahlers
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - D Altmann
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - J Auffenberg
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - X Bai
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - M Baker
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S W Barwick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - V Baum
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - R Bay
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Beattie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J J Beatty
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA and Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - S Bechet
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Becker Tjus
- Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - K-H Becker
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - M Bell
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | | | - S BenZvi
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | | | - D Berley
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | | | | | - D Bertrand
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Z Besson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA
| | - D Bindig
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - M Bissok
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - E Blaufuss
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - J Blumenthal
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D J Boersma
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Bohaichuk
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G7, Canada
| | - C Bohm
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - D Bose
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Böser
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - O Botner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L Brayeur
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A M Brown
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - R Bruijn
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - S Buitink
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M Carson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - J Casey
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - M Casier
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Chirkin
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - B Christy
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - K Clark
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - F Clevermann
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Cohen
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D F Cowen
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA and Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | | | - M Danninger
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Daughhetee
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - J C Davis
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - C De Clercq
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S De Ridder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - P Desiati
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - M de With
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - T DeYoung
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - J C Díaz-Vélez
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Dreyer
- Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - M Dunkman
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - R Eagan
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - B Eberhardt
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Eisch
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - R W Ellsworth
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - O Engdegård
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - S Euler
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - P A Evenson
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - O Fadiran
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A R Fazely
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | - A Fedynitch
- Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - J Feintzeig
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T Feusels
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - K Filimonov
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Finley
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Fischer-Wasels
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - S Flis
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Franckowiak
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - K Frantzen
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T Fuchs
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T K Gaisser
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - J Gallagher
- Department of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - L Gerhardt
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L Gladstone
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - A Goldschmidt
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Golup
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J A Goodman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D Góra
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - D Grant
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G7, Canada
| | - A Groß
- T.U. Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M Gurtner
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - C Ha
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Haj Ismail
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - A Hallgren
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - F Halzen
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Hanson
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - D Heereman
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - P Heimann
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D Heinen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - K Helbing
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - R Hellauer
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - S Hickford
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - G C Hill
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - K D Hoffman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R Hoffmann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - A Homeier
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - K Hoshina
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - W Huelsnitz
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - P O Hulth
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Hultqvist
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Hussain
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - A Ishihara
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | | | - J Jacobsen
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - G S Japaridze
- CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, Georgia 30314, USA
| | - K Jero
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - O Jlelati
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | | | - A Kappes
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - T Karg
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - A Karle
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J L Kelley
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J Kiryluk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | | | - J Kläs
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - S R Klein
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J-H Köhne
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - G Kohnen
- Université de Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - H Kolanoski
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - L Köpke
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C Kopper
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Kopper
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - D J Koskinen
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M Kowalski
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Krasberg
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - G Kroll
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Kunnen
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - N Kurahashi
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - T Kuwabara
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - M Labare
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Landsman
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M J Larson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - M Lesiak-Bzdak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J Leute
- T.U. Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J Lünemann
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - J Madsen
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | - R Maruyama
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Mase
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - F McNally
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Meagher
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Merck
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - P Mészáros
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA and Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - T Meures
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Miarecki
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | - N Milke
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - J Miller
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - T Montaruli
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
| | - R Morse
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | | | - U Naumann
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - H Niederhausen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S C Nowicki
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G7, Canada
| | - D R Nygren
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Obertacke
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | | | - A Olivas
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Olivo
- Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - A O'Murchadha
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Panknin
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - L Paul
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - J A Pepper
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - C Pérez de los Heros
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - C Pfendner
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - D Pieloth
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - N Pirk
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - J Posselt
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - P B Price
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G T Przybylski
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L Rädel
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - K Rawlins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Drive, Anchorage, Alaska 99508, USA
| | - P Redl
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - E Resconi
- T.U. Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - W Rhode
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - M Ribordy
- Laboratory for High Energy Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - M Richman
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - B Riedel
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - J P Rodrigues
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - C Rott
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - T Ruhe
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - B Ruzybayev
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D Ryckbosch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - S M Saba
- Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - T Salameh
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - H-G Sander
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Santander
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Sarkar
- Department of Physics, University of Oxford, 1 Keble Road, Oxford OX1 3NP, United Kingdom
| | - K Schatto
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - M Scheel
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - F Scheriau
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - T Schmidt
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Schmitz
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Schoenen
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - S Schöneberg
- Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - L Schönherr
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | | | - A Schukraft
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - L Schulte
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - O Schulz
- T.U. Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - D Seckel
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S H Seo
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Y Sestayo
- T.U. Munich, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S Seunarine
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | - C Sheremata
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G7, Canada
| | - M W E Smith
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - M Soiron
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D Soldin
- Department of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - G M Spiczak
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, Wisconsin 54022, USA
| | | | - M Stamatikos
- Department of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - T Stanev
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - A Stasik
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - T Stezelberger
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R G Stokstad
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Stößl
- DESY, D-15735 Zeuthen, Germany
| | - E A Strahler
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - R Ström
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - G W Sullivan
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - H Taavola
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - I Taboada
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - A Tamburro
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - S Ter-Antonyan
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | - S Tilav
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - P A Toale
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - S Toscano
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Usner
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - D van der Drift
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - N van Eijndhoven
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - A Van Overloop
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - J van Santen
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Vehring
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Voge
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 12, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - M Vraeghe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - C Walck
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Waldenmaier
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Wallraff
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - R Wasserman
- Department of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Ch Weaver
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - M Wellons
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - C Wendt
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Westerhoff
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - N Whitehorn
- Department of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - K Wiebe
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - C H Wiebusch
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - D R Williams
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - H Wissing
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Wolf
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T R Wood
- Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G7, Canada
| | - K Woschnagg
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Xu
- Bartol Research Institute and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - D L Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - X W Xu
- Department of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70813, USA
| | | | - G Yodh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - S Yoshida
- Department of Physics, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - P Zarzhitsky
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - J Ziemann
- Department of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - S Zierke
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - A Zilles
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - M Zoll
- Oskar Klein Centre and Department of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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Aartsen MG, Abbasi R, Abdou Y, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Altmann D, Auffenberg J, Bai X, Baker M, Barwick SW, Baum V, Bay R, Beattie K, Beatty JJ, Bechet S, Becker Tjus J, Becker KH, Bell M, Benabderrahmane ML, BenZvi S, Berdermann J, Berghaus P, Berley D, Bernardini E, Bernhard A, Bertrand D, Besson DZ, Bindig D, Bissok M, Blaufuss E, Blumenthal J, Boersma DJ, Bohaichuk S, Bohm C, Bose D, Böser S, Botner O, Brayeur L, Brown AM, Bruijn R, Brunner J, Buitink S, Carson M, Casey J, Casier M, Chirkin D, Christy B, Clark K, Clevermann F, Cohen S, Cowen DF, Cruz Silva AH, Danninger M, Daughhetee J, Davis JC, De Clercq C, De Ridder S, Desiati P, de Vries-Uiterweerd G, de With M, DeYoung T, Díaz-Vélez JC, Dreyer J, Dunkman M, Eagan R, Eberhardt B, Eisch J, Ellsworth RW, Engdegård O, Euler S, Evenson PA, Fadiran O, Fazely AR, Fedynitch A, Feintzeig J, Feusels T, Filimonov K, Finley C, Fischer-Wasels T, Flis S, Franckowiak A, Franke R, Frantzen K, Fuchs T, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Gerhardt L, Gladstone L, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Golup G, Goodman JA, Góra D, Grant D, Groß A, Gurtner M, Ha C, Haj Ismail A, Hallgren A, Halzen F, Hanson K, Heereman D, Heimann P, Heinen D, Helbing K, Hellauer R, Hickford S, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Hoffmann R, Homeier A, Hoshina K, Huelsnitz W, Hulth PO, Hultqvist K, Hussain S, Ishihara A, Jacobi E, Jacobsen J, Japaridze GS, Jero K, Jlelati O, Kaminsky B, Kappes A, Karg T, Karle A, Kelley JL, Kiryluk J, Kislat F, Kläs J, Klein SR, Köhne JH, Kohnen G, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kopper C, Kopper S, Koskinen DJ, Kowalski M, Krasberg M, Kroll G, Kunnen J, Kurahashi N, Kuwabara T, Labare M, Landsman H, Larson MJ, Lesiak-Bzdak M, Leute J, Lünemann J, Madsen J, Maruyama R, Mase K, Matis HS, McNally F, Meagher K, Merck M, Mészáros P, Meures T, Miarecki S, Middell E, Milke N, Miller J, Mohrmann L, Montaruli T, Morse R, Nahnhauer R, Naumann U, Niederhausen H, Nowicki SC, Nygren DR, Obertacke A, Odrowski S, Olivas A, Olivo M, O'Murchadha A, Paul L, Pepper JA, Pérez de los Heros C, Pfendner C, Pieloth D, Pirk N, Posselt J, Price PB, Przybylski GT, Rädel L, Rawlins K, Redl P, Resconi E, Rhode W, Ribordy M, Richman M, Riedel B, Rodrigues JP, Rott C, Ruhe T, Ruzybayev B, Ryckbosch D, Saba SM, Salameh T, Sander HG, Santander M, Sarkar S, Schatto K, Scheel M, Scheriau F, Schmidt T, Schmitz M, Schoenen S, Schöneberg S, Schönherr L, Schönwald A, Schukraft A, Schulte L, Schulz O, Seckel D, Seo SH, Sestayo Y, Seunarine S, Sheremata C, Smith MWE, Soiron M, Soldin D, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stasik A, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stößl A, Strahler EA, Ström R, Sullivan GW, Taavola H, Taboada I, Tamburro A, Ter-Antonyan S, Tilav S, Toale PA, Toscano S, Usner M, van der Drift D, van Eijndhoven N, Van Overloop A, van Santen J, Vehring M, Voge M, Vraeghe M, Walck C, Waldenmaier T, Wallraff M, Wasserman R, Weaver C, Wellons M, Wendt C, Westerhoff S, Whitehorn N, Wiebe K, Wiebusch CH, Williams DR, Wissing H, Wolf M, Wood TR, Woschnagg K, Xu C, Xu DL, Xu XW, Yanez JP, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Zarzhitsky P, Ziemann J, Zierke S, Zilles A, Zoll M. Search for dark matter annihilations in the sun with the 79-string IceCube detector. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:131302. [PMID: 23581307 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.131302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We have performed a search for muon neutrinos from dark matter annihilation in the center of the Sun with the 79-string configuration of the IceCube neutrino telescope. For the first time, the DeepCore subarray is included in the analysis, lowering the energy threshold and extending the search to the austral summer. The 317 days of data collected between June 2010 and May 2011 are consistent with the expected background from atmospheric muons and neutrinos. Upper limits are set on the dark matter annihilation rate, with conversions to limits on spin-dependent and spin-independent scattering cross sections of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) on protons, for WIMP masses in the range 20-5000 GeV/c2. These are the most stringent spin-dependent WIMP-proton cross section limits to date above 35 GeV/c2 for most WIMP models.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Aartsen
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
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11
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Abbasi R, Abdou Y, Abu-Zayyad T, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Andeen K, Auffenberg J, Bai X, Baker M, Barwick SW, Bay R, Bazo Alba JL, Beattie K, Beatty JJ, Bechet S, Becker JK, Becker KH, Benabderrahmane ML, BenZvi S, Berdermann J, Berghaus P, Berley D, Bernardini E, Bertrand D, Besson DZ, Bindig D, Bissok M, Blaufuss E, Blumenthal J, Boersma DJ, Bohm C, Bose D, Böser S, Botner O, Braun J, Brown AM, Buitink S, Carson M, Chirkin D, Christy B, Clem J, Clevermann F, Cohen S, Colnard C, Cowen DF, D'Agostino MV, Danninger M, Daughhetee J, Davis JC, De Clercq C, Demirörs L, Depaepe O, Descamps F, Desiati P, de Vries-Uiterweerd G, DeYoung T, Díaz-Vélez JC, Dierckxsens M, Dreyer J, Dumm JP, Ehrlich R, Eisch J, Ellsworth RW, Engdegård O, Euler S, Evenson PA, Fadiran O, Fazely AR, Fedynitch A, Feusels T, Filimonov K, Finley C, Fischer-Wasels T, Foerster MM, Fox BD, Franckowiak A, Franke R, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Geisler M, Gerhardt L, Gladstone L, Glüsenkamp T, Goldschmidt A, Goodman JA, Grant D, Griesel T, Gross A, Grullon S, Gurtner M, Ha C, Hallgren A, Halzen F, Han K, Hanson K, Heinen D, Helbing K, Herquet P, Hickford S, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Homeier A, Hoshina K, Hubert D, Huelsnitz W, Hülss JP, Hulth PO, Hultqvist K, Hussain S, Ishihara A, Jacobsen J, Japaridze GS, Johansson H, Joseph JM, Kampert KH, Kappes A, Karg T, Karle A, Kelley JL, Kemming N, Kenny P, Kiryluk J, Kislat F, Klein SR, Köhne JH, Kohnen G, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kopper S, Koskinen DJ, Kowalski M, Kowarik T, Krasberg M, Krings T, Kroll G, Kuehn K, Kuwabara T, Labare M, Lafebre S, Laihem K, Landsman H, Larson MJ, Lauer R, Lehmann R, Lünemann J, Madsen J, Majumdar P, Marotta A, Maruyama R, Mase K, Matis HS, Meagher K, Merck M, Mészáros P, Meures T, Middell E, Milke N, Miller J, Montaruli T, Morse R, Movit SM, Nahnhauer R, Nam JW, Naumann U, Niessen P, Nygren DR, Odrowski S, Olivas A, Olivo M, O'Murchadha A, Ono M, Panknin S, Paul L, Pérez de los Heros C, Petrovic J, Piegsa A, Pieloth D, Porrata R, Posselt J, Price PB, Prikockis M, Przybylski GT, Rawlins K, Redl P, Resconi E, Rhode W, Ribordy M, Rizzo A, Rodrigues JP, Roth P, Rothmaier F, Rott C, Ruhe T, Rutledge D, Ruzybayev B, Ryckbosch D, Sander HG, Santander M, Sarkar S, Schatto K, Schmidt T, Schoenwald A, Schukraft A, Schultes A, Schulz O, Schunck M, Seckel D, Semburg B, Seo SH, Sestayo Y, Seunarine S, Silvestri A, Slipak A, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stephens G, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stoyanov S, Strahler EA, Straszheim T, Sullivan GW, Swillens Q, Taavola H, Taboada I, Tamburro A, Tarasova O, Tepe A, Ter-Antonyan S, Tilav S, Toale PA, Toscano S, Tosi D, Turčan D, van Eijndhoven N, Vandenbroucke J, Van Overloop A, van Santen J, Vehring M, Voge M, Voigt B, Walck C, Waldenmaier T, Wallraff M, Walter M, Weaver C, Wendt C, Westerhoff S, Whitehorn N, Wiebe K, Wiebusch CH, Williams DR, Wischnewski R, Wissing H, Wolf M, Woschnagg K, Xu C, Xu XW, Yodh G, Yoshida S, Zarzhitsky P. Limits on neutrino emission from gamma-ray bursts with the 40 string IceCube detector. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:141101. [PMID: 21561178 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.141101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
IceCube has become the first neutrino telescope with a sensitivity below the TeV neutrino flux predicted from gamma-ray bursts if gamma-ray bursts are responsible for the observed cosmic-ray flux above 10(18) eV. Two separate analyses using the half-complete IceCube detector, one a dedicated search for neutrinos from pγ interactions in the prompt phase of the gamma-ray burst fireball and the other a generic search for any neutrino emission from these sources over a wide range of energies and emission times, produced no evidence for neutrino emission, excluding prevailing models at 90% confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Abbasi
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Abbasi R, Abdou Y, Abu-Zayyad T, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Andeen K, Auffenberg J, Bai X, Baker M, Barwick SW, Bay R, Bazo Alba JL, Beattie K, Beatty JJ, Bechet S, Becker JK, Becker KH, Benabderrahmane ML, Berdermann J, Berghaus P, Berley D, Bernardini E, Bertrand D, Besson DZ, Bissok M, Blaufuss E, Boersma DJ, Bohm C, Bolmont J, Botner O, Bradley L, Braun J, Breder D, Carson M, Castermans T, Chirkin D, Christy B, Clem J, Cohen S, Cowen DF, D’Agostino MV, Danninger M, Day CT, De Clercq C, Demirörs L, Depaepe O, Descamps F, Desiati P, de Vries-Uiterweerd G, DeYoung T, Díaz-Vélez JC, Dreyer J, Dumm JP, Duvoort MR, Edwards WR, Ehrlich R, Eisch J, Ellsworth RW, Engdegård O, Euler S, Evenson PA, Fadiran O, Fazely AR, Feusels T, Filimonov K, Finley C, Foerster MM, Fox BD, Franckowiak A, Franke R, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Ganugapati R, Gerhardt L, Gladstone L, Goldschmidt A, Goodman JA, Gozzini R, Grant D, Griesel T, Groß A, Grullon S, Gunasingha RM, Gurtner M, Ha C, Hallgren A, Halzen F, Han K, Hanson K, Hasegawa Y, Helbing K, Herquet P, Hickford S, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Homeier A, Hoshina K, Hubert D, Huelsnitz W, Hülß JP, Hulth PO, Hultqvist K, Hussain S, Imlay RL, Inaba M, Ishihara A, Jacobsen J, Japaridze GS, Johansson H, Joseph JM, Kampert KH, Kappes A, Karg T, Karle A, Kelley JL, Kemming N, Kenny P, Kiryluk J, Kislat F, Klein SR, Knops S, Kohnen G, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Koskinen DJ, Kowalski M, Kowarik T, Krasberg M, Krings T, Kroll G, Kuehn K, Kuwabara T, Labare M, Lafebre S, Laihem K, Landsman H, Lauer R, Lehmann R, Lennarz D, Lucke A, Lundberg J, Lünemann J, Madsen J, Majumdar P, Maruyama R, Mase K, Matis HS, McParland CP, Meagher K, Merck M, Mészáros P, Meures T, Middell E, Milke N, Miyamoto H, Montaruli T, Morse R, Movit SM, Nahnhauer R, Nam JW, Nießen P, Nygren DR, Odrowski S, Olivas A, Olivo M, Ono M, Panknin S, Patton S, Paul L, Pérez de los Heros C, Petrovic J, Piegsa A, Pieloth D, Pohl AC, Porrata R, Potthoff N, Price PB, Prikockis M, Przybylski GT, Rawlins K, Redl P, Resconi E, Rhode W, Ribordy M, Rizzo A, Rodrigues JP, Roth P, Rothmaier F, Rott C, Roucelle C, Rutledge D, Ruzybayev B, Ryckbosch D, Sander HG, Sarkar S, Schatto K, Schlenstedt S, Schmidt T, Schneider D, Schukraft A, Schulz O, Schunck M, Seckel D, Semburg B, Seo SH, Sestayo Y, Seunarine S, Silvestri A, Slipak A, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stephens G, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stoufer MC, Stoyanov S, Strahler EA, Straszheim T, Sulanke KH, Sullivan GW, Swillens Q, Taboada I, Tamburro A, Tarasova O, Tepe A, Ter-Antonyan S, Terranova C, Tilav S, Toale PA, Tooker J, Tosi D, Turčan D, van Eijndhoven N, Vandenbroucke J, Van Overloop A, van Santen J, Voigt B, Walck C, Waldenmaier T, Wallraff M, Walter M, Wendt C, Westerhoff S, Whitehorn N, Wiebe K, Wiebusch CH, Wiedemann A, Wikström G, Williams DR, Wischnewski R, Wissing H, Woschnagg K, Xu C, Xu XW, Yodh G, Yoshida S. Limits on a muon flux from Kaluza-Klein dark matter annihilations in the Sun from the IceCube 22-string detector. Int J Clin Exp Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.81.057101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Abbasi R, Abdou Y, Abu-Zayyad T, Adams J, Aguilar JA, Ahlers M, Andeen K, Auffenberg J, Bai X, Baker M, Barwick SW, Bay R, Bazo Alba JL, Beattie K, Beatty JJ, Bechet S, Becker JK, Becker KH, Benabderrahmane ML, Berdermann J, Berghaus P, Berley D, Bernardini E, Bertrand D, Besson DZ, Bissok M, Blaufuss E, Boersma DJ, Bohm C, Botner O, Bradley L, Braun J, Breder D, Carson M, Castermans T, Chirkin D, Christy B, Clem J, Cohen S, Cowen DF, D'Agostino MV, Danninger M, Day CT, De Clercq C, Demirörs L, Depaepe O, Descamps F, Desiati P, de Vries-Uiterweerd G, DeYoung T, Díaz-Vélez JC, Dreyer J, Dumm JP, Duvoort MR, Edwards WR, Ehrlich R, Eisch J, Ellsworth RW, Engdegård O, Euler S, Evenson PA, Fadiran O, Fazely AR, Feusels T, Filimonov K, Finley C, Foerster MM, Fox BD, Franckowiak A, Franke R, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Ganugapati R, Gerhardt L, Gladstone L, Goldschmidt A, Goodman JA, Gozzini R, Grant D, Griesel T, Gross A, Grullon S, Gunasingha RM, Gurtner M, Ha C, Hallgren A, Halzen F, Han K, Hanson K, Hasegawa Y, Helbing K, Herquet P, Hickford S, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Homeier A, Hoshina K, Hubert D, Huelsnitz W, Hülss JP, Hulth PO, Hultqvist K, Hussain S, Imlay RL, Inaba M, Ishihara A, Jacobsen J, Japaridze GS, Johansson H, Joseph JM, Kampert KH, Kappes A, Karg T, Karle A, Kelley JL, Kemming N, Kenny P, Kiryluk J, Kislat F, Klein SR, Knops S, Kohnen G, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Koskinen DJ, Kowalski M, Kowarik T, Krasberg M, Krings T, Kroll G, Kuehn K, Kuwabara T, Labare M, Lafebre S, Laihem K, Landsman H, Lauer R, Lehmann R, Lennarz D, Lundberg J, Lünemann J, Madsen J, Majumdar P, Maruyama R, Mase K, Matis HS, McParland CP, Meagher K, Merck M, Mészáros P, Meures T, Middell E, Milke N, Miyamoto H, Montaruli T, Morse R, Movit SM, Nahnhauer R, Nam JW, Niessen P, Nygren DR, Odrowski S, Olivas A, Olivo M, Ono M, Panknin S, Patton S, Paul L, Pérez de los Heros C, Petrovic J, Piegsa A, Pieloth D, Pohl AC, Porrata R, Potthoff N, Price PB, Prikockis M, Przybylski GT, Rawlins K, Redl P, Resconi E, Rhode W, Ribordy M, Rizzo A, Rodrigues JP, Roth P, Rothmaier F, Rott C, Roucelle C, Rutledge D, Ruzybayev B, Ryckbosch D, Sander HG, Sarkar S, Schatto K, Schlenstedt S, Schmidt T, Schneider D, Schukraft A, Schulz O, Schunck M, Seckel D, Semburg B, Seo SH, Sestayo Y, Seunarine S, Silvestri A, Slipak A, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stephens G, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stoufer MC, Stoyanov S, Strahler EA, Straszheim T, Sullivan GW, Swillens Q, Taboada I, Tamburro A, Tarasova O, Tepe A, Ter-Antonyan S, Terranova C, Tilav S, Toale PA, Tooker J, Tosi D, Turcan D, van Eijndhoven N, Vandenbroucke J, Van Overloop A, van Santen J, Voigt B, Walck C, Waldenmaier T, Wallraff M, Walter M, Wendt C, Westerhoff S, Whitehorn N, Wiebe K, Wiebusch CH, Wiedemann A, Wikström G, Williams DR, Wischnewski R, Wissing H, Woschnagg K, Xu C, Xu XW, Yodh G, Yoshida S. Extending the search for neutrino point sources with IceCube above the horizon. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:221102. [PMID: 20366087 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.221102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Point source searches with the IceCube neutrino telescope have been restricted to one hemisphere, due to the exclusive selection of upward going events as a way of rejecting the atmospheric muon background. We show that the region above the horizon can be included by suppressing the background through energy-sensitive cuts. This improves the sensitivity above PeV energies, previously not accessible for declinations of more than a few degrees below the horizon due to the absorption of neutrinos in Earth. We present results based on data collected with 22 strings of IceCube, extending its field of view and energy reach for point source searches. No significant excess above the atmospheric background is observed in a sky scan and in tests of source candidates. Upper limits are reported, which for the first time cover point sources in the southern sky up to EeV energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Abbasi
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Thong PSP, Olivo M, Chin WWL, Bhuvaneswari R, Mancer K, Soo KC. Clinical application of fluorescence endoscopic imaging using hypericin for the diagnosis of human oral cavity lesions. Br J Cancer 2009; 101:1580-4. [PMID: 19809432 PMCID: PMC2778520 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diagnosis of oral cancer is conventionally carried out using white light endoscopy and histopathology of biopsy samples. However, oral tumours are mostly superficial and the lesion and its margins can be difficult to visualise under white light. We present clinical data on fluorescence diagnostic imaging of oral lesions using hypericin, a plant-based photosensitiser. Methods: Fluorescence images of lesions and normal tissue were captured using an endoscope after hypericin administration. The images were analysed to extract their colour parameters, which, along with the red-to-blue intensity ratios, were analysed and used to discriminate between tissue types. The results were correlated with those from histopathology. Results: The red-to-blue intensity ratio increased from normal to hyperplastic to cancerous tissue and was a good parameter to discriminate between these tissue types, with sensitivity and specificity levels of 90% and above. Conclusion: Our results show that hypericin fluorescence imaging has the potential to be used for the clinical diagnosis of oral cancer. Further study to enhance the clinical potential of this technique includes the development of a real-time image processing and analysis system interfaced to the endoscope to enable same-day cancer diagnosis and demarcation of lesion margins in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S P Thong
- Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610, Singapore.
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Abbasi R, Abdou Y, Ackermann M, Adams J, Ahlers M, Andeen K, Auffenberg J, Bai X, Baker M, Barwick SW, Bay R, Bazo Alba JL, Beattie K, Beatty JJ, Bechet S, Becker JK, Becker KH, Benabderrahmane ML, Berdermann J, Berghaus P, Berley D, Bernardini E, Bertrand D, Besson DZ, Bissok M, Blaufuss E, Boersma DJ, Bohm C, Bolmont J, Böser S, Botner O, Bradley L, Braun J, Breder D, Burgess T, Castermans T, Chirkin D, Christy B, Clem J, Cohen S, Cowen DF, D'Agostino MV, Danninger M, Day CT, De Clercq C, Demirörs L, Depaepe O, Descamps F, Desiati P, de Vries-Uiterweerd G, Deyoung T, Diaz-Velez JC, Dreyer J, Dumm JP, Duvoort MR, Edwards WR, Ehrlich R, Eisch J, Ellsworth RW, Engdegård O, Euler S, Evenson PA, Fadiran O, Fazely AR, Feusels T, Filimonov K, Finley C, Foerster MM, Fox BD, Franckowiak A, Franke R, Gaisser TK, Gallagher J, Ganugapati R, Gerhardt L, Gladstone L, Goldschmidt A, Goodman JA, Gozzini R, Grant D, Griesel T, Gross A, Grullon S, Gunasingha RM, Gurtner M, Ha C, Hallgren A, Halzen F, Han K, Hanson K, Hasegawa Y, Heise J, Helbing K, Herquet P, Hickford S, Hill GC, Hoffman KD, Hoshina K, Hubert D, Huelsnitz W, Hülss JP, Hulth PO, Hultqvist K, Hussain S, Imlay RL, Inaba M, Ishihara A, Jacobsen J, Japaridze GS, Johansson H, Joseph JM, Kampert KH, Kappes A, Karg T, Karle A, Kelley JL, Kenny P, Kiryluk J, Kislat F, Klein SR, Klepser S, Knops S, Kohnen G, Kolanoski H, Köpke L, Kowalski M, Kowarik T, Krasberg M, Kuehn K, Kuwabara T, Labare M, Lafebre S, Laihem K, Landsman H, Lauer R, Leich H, Lennarz D, Lucke A, Lundberg J, Lünemann J, Madsen J, Majumdar P, Maruyama R, Mase K, Matis HS, McParland CP, Meagher K, Merck M, Mészáros P, Middell E, Milke N, Miyamoto H, Mohr A, Montaruli T, Morse R, Movit SM, Münich K, Nahnhauer R, Nam JW, Niessen P, Nygren DR, Odrowski S, Olivas A, Olivo M, Ono M, Panknin S, Patton S, Pérez de Los Heros C, Petrovic J, Piegsa A, Pieloth D, Pohl AC, Porrata R, Potthoff N, Price PB, Prikockis M, Przybylski GT, Rawlins K, Redl P, Resconi E, Rhode W, Ribordy M, Rizzo A, Rodrigues JP, Roth P, Rothmaier F, Rott C, Roucelle C, Rutledge D, Ryckbosch D, Sander HG, Sarkar S, Satalecka K, Schlenstedt S, Schmidt T, Schneider D, Schukraft A, Schulz O, Schunck M, Seckel D, Semburg B, Seo SH, Sestayo Y, Seunarine S, Silvestri A, Slipak A, Spiczak GM, Spiering C, Stamatikos M, Stanev T, Stephens G, Stezelberger T, Stokstad RG, Stoufer MC, Stoyanov S, Strahler EA, Straszheim T, Sulanke KH, Sullivan GW, Swillens Q, Taboada I, Tarasova O, Tepe A, Ter-Antonyan S, Terranova C, Tilav S, Tluczykont M, Toale PA, Tosi D, Turcan D, van Eijndhoven N, Vandenbroucke J, Van Overloop A, Voigt B, Walck C, Waldenmaier T, Walter M, Wendt C, Westerhoff S, Whitehorn N, Wiebusch CH, Wiedemann A, Wikström G, Williams DR, Wischnewski R, Wissing H, Woschnagg K, Xu XW, Yodh G, Yoshida S. Limits on a muon flux from neutralino annihilations in the sun with the IceCube 22-string detector. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 102:201302. [PMID: 19519015 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.102.201302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2009] [Revised: 03/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A search for muon neutrinos from neutralino annihilations in the Sun has been performed with the IceCube 22-string neutrino detector using data collected in 104.3 days of live time in 2007. No excess over the expected atmospheric background has been observed. Upper limits have been obtained on the annihilation rate of captured neutralinos in the Sun and converted to limits on the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) proton cross sections for WIMP masses in the range 250-5000 GeV. These results are the most stringent limits to date on neutralino annihilation in the Sun.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Abbasi
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Premachandran C, Khairyanto A, Sheng K, Singh J, Teo J, Yingshun X, Nanguang C, Sheppard C, Olivo M. Design, Fabrication, and Assembly of an Optical Biosensor Probe Package for OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) Application. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1109/tadvp.2009.2013658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Tinè F, Rossi F, Sferrazza A, Orlando A, Mocciaro F, Scimeca D, Olivo M, Cottone M. Meta-analysis: remission and response from control arms of randomized trials of biological therapies for active luminal Crohn's disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008; 27:1210-23. [PMID: 18346185 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03681.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Remission and response are the main outcomes to evaluate the efficacy of new treatments for Crohn's disease (CD). AIM To explain variation of remission and response rates in active luminal CD. METHODS We studied control patients from trials of biological therapies through articles retrieved by MEDLINE search (from 1997 to 2007) and by bibliography review. Thousand nine hundred and thirteen control patients from 28 trials were identified; data were extracted by three independent observers and pooled by DerSimonian and Laird random effect model; factors influencing remission and clinical response were explored by metaregression for aggregated data. RESULTS The pooled control rates of remission and response were 17% and 33%, respectively, both with significant heterogeneity among studies (P < 0.0001). At metaregression, the time of primary outcome evaluation was associated with remission, whereas the trial's criteria for defining response and publication year were predictors of response. CDAI score, CRP levels or other clinical variables related with disease activity or concomitant medications were not significant factors. CONCLUSIONS Populations used as 'add-on' treatment comparator in trials of biological therapies for active luminal CD are poorly characterized and outcomes are heterogeneous. Planning of future trials will require better description of patients and concomitant therapies, blinding of outcome assessors and homogeneous criteria of outcome definition.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Tinè
- Divisione di Gastroenterologia, Azienda Ospedaliera V. Cervello, Palermo, Italy.
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18
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Du HY, Olivo M, Mahendran R, Huang Q, Shen HM, Ong CN, Bay BH. Hypericin photoactivation triggers down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression in well-differentiated human nasopharyngeal cancer cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2007; 64:979-88. [PMID: 17385073 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-007-7030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we have shown that hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising modality for the treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC). The present study evaluated the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) following hypericin-PDT in well-differentiated HK1 NPC cells. Down-regulation of MMP-9 by hypericin-PDT was observed at the mRNA level in HK1 cells in vitro and in vivo and at the protein level in vitro. Transcriptional activities of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB regulatory elements were inhibited by PDT. We also found that PDT reduced secreted granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which is known to activate transcription of NK-kappaB and AP-1. However, incubation of untreated HK1 cells with exogenous GM-CSF abrogated the reduction of MMP-9 production in hypericin-PDT-treated cells. It would appear that PDT downregulates MMP-9 expression via inhibition of GM-CSF production, which in turn modulates AP1/NF-kappaB transcriptional activities. Suppression of MMP-9 by hypericin-PDT may have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-Y Du
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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19
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Du HY, Olivo M, Tan BKH, Bay BH. Photoactivation of hypericin down-regulates glutathione S-transferase activity in nasopharyngeal cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2004; 207:175-81. [PMID: 15072826 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2003.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2003] [Revised: 11/22/2003] [Accepted: 12/22/2003] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new modality of treatment for cancer. Hypericin is a photosensitizer, which is known to generate reactive oxygen species upon activation with light. We observed that photoactivated hypericin induces the generation of reactive oxygen intermediates in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) cells in vitro. There was also significant reduction of Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in HK1 and CNE-2 NPC cells and in tumor tissues from the NPC/HK1 murine tumor model by hypericin-mediated PDT. As antioxidants protect cells against phototoxicity, down-regulation of GST activity would potentiate the efficacy of hypericin-PDT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Du
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, MD 10, Singapore, Singapore S117 597
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20
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Gareri P, Olivo M, Ciotti D, Ritacco AR, Rotundo A, Berardelli M, Mattace R. [Isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly]. Minerva Med 2001; 92:453-72. [PMID: 11740433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Isolated systolic hypertension is the most common type of hypertension in the elderly. A number of trials have widely shown that it is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This review focuses the prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension, its pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. The optimal treatment strategy is to maximize reduction in systolic blood pressure and to minimize reduction in diastolic blood pressure. All classes of antihypertensive agents can be used, but calcium antagonists, ACE-inhibitors and, more recently, the angiotensin II antagonists appear to be more successful in improving large artery stiffness and therefore are especially useful in treating isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly. A careful evaluation and treatment has to be made in particular in those patients with more risk factors, in order to choose the most appropriate drug and to avoid dangerous drug-drug interactions where polypharmacy occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gareri
- Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, Cattedra e Scuola di Specializzazione in Geriatria, Policlinico Materdomini, Università degli Studi, Catanzaro, Italy
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21
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Abstract
Potent photosensitizers hypocrellin A (HA), hypocrellin B (HB) and hypericin (HY) are lipid-soluble perylquinone derivatives of the genus Hypericum and have a strong photodynamic effect on tumors and viruses. However, the mechanisms of tumor cell death induced by HA, HB and HY are still unclear. Moreover, no reports have mentioned cell apoptosis induced by HA, HB and HY in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and other mucosal cells. In this study, we attempt to clarify the photodynamic effects of HA, HB and HY compounds in poorly differentiated (CNE2) and moderately differentiated (TW0-1) human NPC cells as well as human mucosal colon and bladder cells. Using these cell lines we investigated few hallmarks of apoptotic commitments in a drug dose dependent manner. Tumor cells photo-activated with HA, HB and HY showed cell size shrinkage and an increase in the sub-diploid DNA content. A loss of membrane phospholipid asymmetry associated with apoptosis was induced by all tumor cell lines as evidenced by the externalization of phosphatidylserine. Under apoptotic conditions, Western blot analysis of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, a caspases substrate, showed the classical cleavage pattern (116 to 85 kDa) associated with apoptosis in HA, HB and HY-treated cell lysates. In addition, 85 kDa cleaved product was blocked by the tetrapepdide caspase inhibitors such as DEVD-CHO or z-VAD-fmk. Both inhibitors protect tumor cells from apoptosis. These results demonstrate that tumor cell death induced by HA, HB and HY is mediated by caspase proteases. This study also identifies HB as a more potent and promising photosensitizer for the treatment of mucosal cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Ali
- Department of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 16910, Singapore.
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22
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Abstract
Potent photosensitizer Hypericin (HY), is a lipid soluble perylquinone derivative of the genus Hypericum and has a strong photodynamic effect on tumors and viruses. However, the mechanisms of tumor cell death induced by this compound is still unclear. Furthermore, there are no reports on mechanisms in cell apoptosis induced by perylquinones in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and other mucosal cells. We studied the photodynamic effects of HY compound in poorly differentiated (CNE2) and moderately differentiated (TW0-1) human NPC cells as well as human mucosal colon (CCL-220.1) and bladder (SD) cells. Using these cell lines we investigated few hall marks of apoptotic commitments in a drug and light dose dependent manner. Tumor cells photoactivated with HY showed cell size shrinkage and an increase in the sub-diploid DNA content. A loss of membrane phospholipid asymmetry associated with apoptosis was induced in all tumor cell lines as evidenced by the externalization of phosphatidylserine. Under apoptotic conditions, Western blot analysis of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, a caspase substrate, showed the classical cleavage pattern (116-85 kDa) associated with apoptosis in PDT-treated cell lysates. In addition, 85 kDa cleaved product was blocked by using tetrapeptide caspase inhibitors such as DEVD-CHO or z-VAD-fmk. These results demonstrate that tumor cell death induced by photoactivated HY is mediated by caspase proteases. This study also identifies that CNE2, CCL-220.1 (colon) and SD (bladder) cell lines are more sensitive than TW0-1 cell line to PDT using perylquinone HY.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Ali
- Department of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610.
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23
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Abstract
It has been reported that novel photosensitizers Hypocrellin A and B, lipid soluble perylquinone derivatives of the genus Hypericum have a strong photodynamic effect on tumors and viruses. The molecular mechanisms of tumor cell death induction by Hypocrellin A and B are poorly understood. In this study, we have examined the photodynamic effects of Hypocrellin A and B compounds in poorly differentiated (CNE2) and moderately differentiated (TW0-1) human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. Using these cell lines we investigated the role of the apoptotic pathway in photosensitized Hypocrellin A and B-mediated cell death. Tumor cells photoactivated with Hypocrellin A and B showed cell size shrinkage and an increase in the sub-diploid DNA content. A loss of membrane phospholipid asymmetry associated with apoptosis was induced by both tumor cell lines as evidenced by the externalization of phosphatidylserine (PS). A dose-dependent increase in caspases-3 protease activity inhibitable by the tetrapeptide inhibitor DEVD-CHO was also observed in both cell lines. Western blot analysis of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, a caspase substrate, showed the classical cleavage pattern (116 to 85 kDa) associated with apoptosis in Hypocrellin A and B-treated cell lysates. In addition, caspase inhibition blocked the externalization of membrane PS, indicating that the loss of membrane phospholipid asymmetry is a downstream event of caspases activation. These results demonstrate that tumor cell death induced by Hypocrellin A and B is mediated by caspase proteases. In conclusion, this study identifies both Hypocrellins (A and B) as potent and promising photosensitizers for the treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Ali
- Department of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169610.
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24
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Rotundo A, Gareri P, Ciotti D, Olivo M, Mattace C. [The longevity of centenarians]. Minerva Med 2001; 92:75-8. [PMID: 11323568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increase of mean lifetime has also given rise to an increase in the number of centenarians; such a circumstance finds its explanation in an improvement in hygienic conditions in addition to the progress in the medical field. The aim of this retrospective study is the attempt to identify the probable factors encouraging the achievement of an extreme longevity. METHODS The study was carried out, on a house to house basis, on a sample of 46 calabrian centenarians. In order to demonstrate the hereditary component, the frequency of the centenarians among the closest relatives was considered, through birth and death certificates. The case history questionnaire used most geriatric and gerontological centres associated to the national project Italian Multicentric Study on Centena-rians was used. RESULTS The profile of our long-lived subject has allowed us to underline the importance of the environmental factor as well as the hereditary component. In most cases these subjects live with their family and have excellent relationships, receiving a great deal of attention from the persons with which they live. CONCLUSIONS The authors have therefore reached the conclusion by stressing the importance of both factors (hereditary and genetic); however a type of intervention in order to lengthen the mean lifetime is hypothesized exclusively in the environment field through the elimination of certain risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rotundo
- Cattedra e Scuola di Specializzazione in Geriatria, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi, Catanzaro, Italy
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25
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Cheng CW, Lau WK, Tan PH, Olivo M. Cystoscopic diagnosis of bladder cancer by intravesical instillation of 5-aminolevulinic acid induced porphyrin fluorescence--the Singapore experience. Ann Acad Med Singap 2000; 29:153-8. [PMID: 10895330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES 1) To determine whether fluorescence cystoscopy after intravesical administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is more sensitive in detection of dysplasia and bladder cancer when compared with conventional cystoscopy. 2) To determine the safety of using 5-ALA. MATERIALS AND METHODS A 3% 5-ALA solution was instilled intravesically before cystoscopy in 41 patients. The 5-ALA-induced porphyrin fluorescence was excited by violet light from a xenon arc lamp (lambda 375-440 mm). RESULTS Among the 175 biopsies obtained, the sensitivity of the fluorescence cystoscopy was greater than that of conventional cystoscopy (89.1% versus 65.6%, P < 0.05). Specificity was at 64.8% and 83.8% respectively with P < 0.05. Duration of ALA instillation did not seem to affect the sensitivity and specificity of photodynamic diagnosis. The procedures were well tolerated by all patients with no additional complication. CONCLUSIONS Fluorescence-guided biopsies are more sensitive than random biopsies in detecting dysplasia or bladder cancer without additional risk or complication. The duration of ALA instillation did not seem to affect the accuracy of photodynamic diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Cheng
- Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
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26
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Hebeda KM, Saarnak AE, Olivo M, Sterenborg HJ, Wolbers JG. 5-Aminolevulinic acid induced endogenous porphyrin fluorescence in 9L and C6 brain tumours and in the normal rat brain. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1998; 140:503-12; discussion 512-3. [PMID: 9728253 DOI: 10.1007/s007010050132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A new approach in photodynamic therapy is the use of endogenous porphyrins for sensitisation of tumours to light. The induction of endogenous porphyrins after intravenous injection of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA, 200 mg kg-1) was studied in 23 rats, bearing intracranial 9L or C6 tumours. After 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 22 hours the rats were sacrificed and the fluorescence distribution of endogenous porphyrins was studied in brain tissue sections with a standard fluorescence microscope and a confocal laser scanning microscope. The role of blood-brain barrier disruption on porphyrin production was studied in 2 rats with a cryo-lesion of the cortex. Additionally, 9L and C6 tumour cell cultures were incubated with ALA for 8 hours in vitro. Fluorescence was measured with a fluorescence spectrophotometer in cell cultures and in the brain sections. Porphyrins were detected in vitro in the tumour cells from 2 hours onwards and ex vivo in the tumour sections mainly from 2 to 8 hours, by 22 hours porphyrin fluorescence had almost disappeared. The contralateral brain showed low fluorescence levels between 2 and 6 hours after ALA administration. At the site of the cryo-lesions low fluorescence was measured 6 hours after ALA administration. The 9L tumours fluoresced homogeneously, with a sharp demarcation towards normal brain tissue. Fluorescence in the C6 tumours was patchy, with a poorly fluorescing edge. In both tumour models fluorescence was also detected in brain surrounding the tumour and sometimes in contralateral white matter and ventricle ependyma and pia mater. The slight increase of porphyrin fluorescence in the normal brain of tumour bearing rats, compared to the absence of this in rats without a tumour, was attributed to transport by bulk flow of porphyrins made in the tumours, and possibly also of circulating porphyrins or ALA leaking from the tumour vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Hebeda
- Laser Center, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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27
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Wilson BC, Olivo M, Singh G. Subcellular localization of Photofrin and aminolevulinic acid and photodynamic cross-resistance in vitro in radiation-induced fibrosarcoma cells sensitive or resistant to photofrin-mediated photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol 1997; 65:166-76. [PMID: 9066298 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1997.tb01894.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The subcellular and, specifically, mitochondrial localization of the photodynamic sensitizers Photofrin and aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-induced protoporphyrin-IX (PpIX) has been investigated in vitro in radiation-induced fibrosarcoma (RIF) tumor cells. Comparisons were made of parental RIF-1 cells and cells (RIF-8A) in which resistance to Photofrin-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) had been induced. The effect on the uptake kinetics of Photofrin of coincubation with one of the mitochondria-specific probes 10N-Nonyl acridine orange (NAO) or rhodamine-123 (Rh-123) and vice versa was examined. The subcellular colocalization of Photofrin and PpIX with Rh-123 was determined by double-label confocal fluorescence microscopy. Clonogenic cell survival after ALA-mediated PDT was determined in RIF-1 and RIF-8A cells to investigate cross-resistance with Photofrin-mediated PDT. At long (18 h) Photofrin incubation times, stronger colocalization of Photofrin and Rh-123 was seen in RIF-1 than in RIF-8A cells. Differences between RIF-1 and RIF-8A in the competitive mitochondrial binding of NAO or Rh-123 with Photofrin suggest that the inner mitochondrial membrane is a significant Photofrin binding site. The differences in this binding may account for the PDT resistance in RIF-8A cells. With ALA, the peak accumulations of PpIX occurred at 5 h for both cells, and followed a diffuse cytoplasmic distribution compared to mitochondrial localization at 1 h ALA incubation. There was rapid efflux of PpIX from both RIF-1 and RIF-8A. As with Photofrin, ALA-induced PpIX exhibited weaker mitochondrial localization in RIF-8A than in RIF-1 cells. Clonogenic survival demonstrated cross-resistance to incubation in PpIX but not to ALA-induced PpIX, implying differences in mitochondrial localization and/or binding, depending on the source of the PpIX within the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Wilson
- Ontario Cancer Institute/Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
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28
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Olivo M, Streckert HJ. Studies on the single-shelled rotavirus receptor with a synthetic peptide derived from the cytoplasmic domain of NS28. Arch Virol 1995; 140:2151-61. [PMID: 8572938 DOI: 10.1007/bf01323237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The nonstructural glycoprotein NS28 of rotaviruses plays an important part in the assembly of double-shelled rotaviruses. C-terminal domains of the protein function as a receptor for single-shelled rotavirus particles at the membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. In the present report we describe studies performed with a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid (aa) 160 to 169, the most hydrophilic C-terminal epitope of NS28. An antipeptide serum raised against this peptide demonstrated that this epitope was accessible in infected MA104 cells. Moreover, polymeric peptide was demonstrated to aggregate single-shelled rotavirus particles. This aggregation could be almost completely inhibited by preincubation with monomeric peptide. Our results clearly demonstrate that the epitope corresponding to aa 160-169 is able to bind single-shelled rotavirus particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Olivo
- Abteilung für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Virologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Federal Republic of Germany
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29
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Streckert HJ, Kappes M, Olivo M, Schulze-Lammers J. [Cat sera neutralize rotaviruses of serotype G3]. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr 1993; 100:223-5. [PMID: 8393401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Group A rotaviruses play an important role for the induction of gastroenteritis. Seroepidemiological studies evaluating the situation in humans have been performed previously. In this study data concerning the importance of group A rotavirus infections and the contribution of the most important serotypes are given for the domestic cat. 91% of the observed sera showed antibodies neutralizing serotype G 3. Antibodies with neutralizing properties directed against other important human serotypes could not be detected. The results obtained are discussed with respect to the formation of reassortant rotaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Streckert
- Abteilung für Medizinische Mikrobiologie and Virologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum
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30
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Olivo M, Bhardwaj R, Schulze-Osthoff K, Sorg C, Jacob HJ, Flamme I. A comparative study on the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), human angiogenic factor (h-AF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on the chorioallantoic membrane of the chick embryo. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 1992; 234:105-15. [PMID: 1384395 DOI: 10.1002/ar.1092340112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay is a widely used bioassay for testing angiogenic activities. In the present study we compared the gross and micromorphological effects of three angiogenic factors applied in Elvax carriers on the CAM: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), human angiogenic factor (h-AF), and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Our question was whether the CAM responds to these factors which have very different actions with a stereotype or with a factor specific reaction. By microangiography and light microscopy, all positive reactions appeared as a spoke-wheel vascular pattern with a bundle of small capillary blood vessels in the center. These vessels were predominantly of a distended type in h-AF and TNF experiments, while narrower capillary vessels followed bFGF application. Chorioallantoic ectoderm and endoderm were thickened by cell accumulation and the mesenchymal stroma of the CAM was edematous and infiltrated with leucocytes in all three reactions. Additionally, bFGF experiments showed areas of densely arranged fibroblasts. Observations in vivo showed chorioallantoic tissue movements as a possible mechanism for the spokewheel vascular pattern. As compared with our results from studies of cytokinetics with bromodeoxyuridine, these current findings indicate that chemotaxis is responsible for the chorioallantoic angiogenic reaction rather than cellular proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Olivo
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany
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31
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Abstract
Alterations of the sleep-wake cycle have been studied in male adult rats after neonatal administration of monosodium glutamate (MSG; 4 X 4 mg/g body wt.). Results indicated that MSG treatment caused: an almost complete disappearance of ACTH and alpha-MSH immunoreactive (IR) perikarya in the rostral part of the arcuate nucleus; an increase in total sleep duration with a more pronounced effect on paradoxical sleep. Regarding circadian rhythmicity there was a trend to a decomposition of the 24 h period into ultradian components (12 h, 8 h, 6 h harmonics). The participation of pro-opiomelanocortin peptides in sleep regulation is discussed.
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Garciá-Godoy F, Garciá-Godoy F, Olivo M. Injuries to primary and permanent teeth treated in a private paedodontic practice. J Can Dent Assoc 1979; 45:281-4. [PMID: 38888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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33
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García-Godoy F, García-Godoy F, Olivo M, Tavárez CA. [Oral cavity in children with severe malnutrition]. Rev Dent (St Domingo) 1977; 20:75-89. [PMID: 356140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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