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Watanabe T, Kamimura K, Shirahata M, Moriya K. Continuous ulnar nerve block at the forearm for early active mobilisation following flexor tendon reconstruction. Anaesth Rep 2022; 10:e12180. [PMID: 36237495 PMCID: PMC9535094 DOI: 10.1002/anr3.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A 63-year-old woman had sustained a subcutaneous rupture of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon of the little finger due to osteoarthritis of the pisotriquetral joint. She underwent excision of the pisiform bone and reconstruction of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon of the little finger using an autogenous palmaris longus tendon graft. After surgery, a continuous ulnar nerve block was performed at the forearm under ultrasound and nerve stimulator guidance. During rehabilitation, she could not actively extend her little finger independently due to the block; however, she could actively extend it when the dorsum of the metacarpophalangeal joint was pressed by the occupational therapist, resulting in successful early active mobilisation. A continuous ulnar nerve block at the forearm may help to facilitate early active mobilisation after reconstructive surgery for little finger flexor tendon rupture. However, it may restrict the active extension of the little finger because the block does not spare the innervation of the intrinsic muscles responsible for little finger extension.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Watanabe
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Uonuma Institute of Community MedicineNiigata University Medical and Dental HospitalMinami‐UonumaNiigataJapan
| | - K. Kamimura
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUonuma Kikan HospitalMinami‐UonumaNiigataJapan
| | - M. Shirahata
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUonuma Kikan HospitalMinami‐UonumaNiigataJapan
| | - K. Moriya
- Niigata Hand Surgery FoundationSeiroNiigataJapan
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Shin MK, Eraso CC, Mu YP, Gu C, Yeung BHY, Kim LJ, Liu XR, Wu ZJ, Paudel O, Pichard LE, Shirahata M, Tang WY, Sham JSK, Polotsky VY. Leptin Induces Hypertension Acting on Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 7 Channel in the Carotid Body. Circ Res 2019; 125:989-1002. [PMID: 31545149 PMCID: PMC6842127 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.315338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Obesity leads to resistant hypertension and mechanisms are poorly understood, but high plasma levels of leptin have been implicated. Leptin increases blood pressure acting both centrally in the dorsomedial hypothalamus and peripherally. Sites of the peripheral hypertensive effect of leptin have not been identified. We previously reported that leptin enhanced activity of the carotid sinus nerve, which transmits chemosensory input from the carotid bodies (CBs) to the medullary centers, and this effect was abolished by nonselective blockers of Trp (transient receptor potential) channels. We searched our mouse CB transcriptome database and found that the Trpm7 (transient receptor potential melastatin 7) channel was the most abundant Trp channel. OBJECTIVE To examine if leptin induces hypertension acting on the CB Trpm7. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6J (n=79), leptin receptor (LepRb) deficient db/db mice (n=22), and LepRb-EGFP (n=4) mice were used. CB Trpm7 and LepRb gene expression was determined and immunohistochemistry was performed; CB glomus cells were isolated and Trpm7-like current was recorded. Blood pressure was recorded continuously in (1) leptin-treated C57BL/6J mice with intact and denervated CB; (2) leptin-treated C57BL/6J mice, which also received a nonselective Trpm7 blocker FTY720 administered systemically or topically to the CB area; (3) leptin-treated C57BL/6J mice transfected with Trpm7 small hairpin RNA to the CB, and (4) Leprb deficient obese db/db mice before and after Leprb expression in CB. Leptin receptor and Trpm7 colocalized in the CB glomus cells. Leptin induced a nonselective cation current in these cells, which was inhibited by Trpm7 blockers. Leptin induced hypertension in C57BL/6J mice, which was abolished by CB denervation, Trpm 7 blockers, and Trpm7 small hairpin RNA applied to CBs. Leprb overexpression in CB of Leprb-deficient db/db mice demethylated the Trpm7 promoter, increased Trpm7 gene expression, and induced hypertension. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that leptin induces hypertension acting on Trmp7 in CB, which opens horizons for new therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyung Shin
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (M.-K.S., C.G., B.H.Y.Y., L.J.K., J.S.K.S., V.Y.P.)
| | - Candela Caballero Eraso
- Unidad Médico-Quirúrgica de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Universidad de Sevilla, Spain (C.C.E.)
| | - Yun-Ping Mu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (Y.-P.M., X.-R.L., Z.-J.W.)
| | - Chenjuan Gu
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (M.-K.S., C.G., B.H.Y.Y., L.J.K., J.S.K.S., V.Y.P.)
| | - Bonnie H Y Yeung
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (M.-K.S., C.G., B.H.Y.Y., L.J.K., J.S.K.S., V.Y.P.)
| | - Lenise J Kim
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (M.-K.S., C.G., B.H.Y.Y., L.J.K., J.S.K.S., V.Y.P.)
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil (L.J.K.)
| | - Xiao-Ru Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (Y.-P.M., X.-R.L., Z.-J.W.)
| | - Zhi-Juan Wu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China (Y.-P.M., X.-R.L., Z.-J.W.)
| | - Omkar Paudel
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (O.P., L.E.P., M.S.)
| | - Luis E Pichard
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (O.P., L.E.P., M.S.)
| | - Machiko Shirahata
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (O.P., L.E.P., M.S.)
| | | | - James S K Sham
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (M.-K.S., C.G., B.H.Y.Y., L.J.K., J.S.K.S., V.Y.P.)
| | - Vsevolod Y Polotsky
- From the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (M.-K.S., C.G., B.H.Y.Y., L.J.K., J.S.K.S., V.Y.P.)
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Mishima K, Shirahata M, Adachi J, Suzuki T, Fujimaki T, Nishikawa R. P14.113 The role of maintenance high-dose methotrexate chemotherapy in elderly primary CNS lymphoma patients with complete response to induction immunochemotherapy. Neuro Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noz126.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
The addition of high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX)-based chemotherapy to whole brain irradiation (WBRT) has improved the prognosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). However, the high neurotoxicity rates observed, especially in the elderly, raised interest in chemotherapy-only treatments. Withholding radiotherapy substantially decreases the risk of neurotoxicity, however, disease control may be compromised. Therefore, developing a novel treatment for the elderly PCNSL patients (ePCNSL) is crucial. In the elderly who cannot tolerate WBRT as a consolidation, maintenance treatment may serve as a feasible approach after an initial response. We treated ePCNSL with induction immunochemotherapy with rituximab (RIT) and HD-MTX, maintenance chemotherapy with HD-MTX and deferred WBRT. Here, we retrospectively investigated the prognosis for ePCNSL that became CR after the induction chemotherapy.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Newly diagnosed ePCNSL (median age: 74 years) received biweekly RIT/ HD-MTX (375 mg/m2/dose; 3.5g/m2/dose) for 6 cycles (induction) followed by monthly RIT/MTX for 2 cycles (consolidation) and then were treated differently according to the radiological response. With CR patients, HD-MTX was continued with every 3 months (maintenance) for 2 years. Patients who did not obtain consent for maintenance therapy were followed up.
RESULTS
Of the 42 ePCNSL (median age 74 years), 26 had CR after induction and consolidation, of which 18 cases were carried out maintenance (M +) and 8 cases were followed up (M-). The median age was 74 and 76, respectively. Median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 73 months in the M+ group and 24.6 months in the M- group. Median overall survival (mOS) is 92.5 months versus 27.6 months, respectively. Both mPFS (P= 0.025) and mOS (P =0.0003) were significantly prolonged by maintenance therapy. In addition, ePCNSL with tumors involvement of deep brain structure had a poor prognosis.
CONCLUSION
It was suggested that maintenance treatment with HD-MTX may improve the prognosis for ePCNSL that reached complete response after induction therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mishima
- Saitama Medical University, Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Shirahata
- Saitama Medical University, Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - J Adachi
- Saitama Medical University, Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - T Suzuki
- Saitama Medical University, Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - T Fujimaki
- Saitama Medical University, Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - R Nishikawa
- Saitama Medical University, Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama, Japan
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Shin MK, Caballero C, Tang WY, Yeung BH, Gu C, Sham JS, Shirahata M, Polotsky VY. Leptin induces hypertension acting via Transient Receptor Potential channel subfamily M member 7 (Trpm7) in the carotid bodies. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.835.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Caballero-Eraso C, Shin MK, Pho H, Kim LJ, Pichard LE, Wu ZJ, Gu C, Berger S, Pham L, Yeung HYB, Shirahata M, Schwartz AR, Tang WYW, Sham JSK, Polotsky VY. Leptin acts in the carotid bodies to increase minute ventilation during wakefulness and sleep and augment the hypoxic ventilatory response. J Physiol 2018; 597:151-172. [PMID: 30285278 DOI: 10.1113/jp276900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Leptin is a potent respiratory stimulant. A long functional isoform of leptin receptor, LepRb , was detected in the carotid body (CB), a key peripheral hypoxia sensor. However, the effect of leptin on minute ventilation (VE ) and the hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) has not been sufficiently studied. We report that LepRb is present in approximately 74% of the CB glomus cells. Leptin increased carotid sinus nerve activity at baseline and in response to hypoxia in vivo. Subcutaneous infusion of leptin increased VE and HVR in C57BL/6J mice and this effect was abolished by CB denervation. Expression of LepRb in the carotid bodies of LepRb deficient obese db/db mice increased VE during wakefulness and sleep and augmented the HVR. We conclude that leptin acts on LepRb in the CBs to stimulate breathing and HVR, which may protect against sleep disordered breathing in obesity. ABSTRACT Leptin is a potent respiratory stimulant. The carotid bodies (CB) express the long functional isoform of leptin receptor, LepRb , but the role of leptin in CB has not been fully elucidated. The objectives of the current study were (1) to examine the effect of subcutaneous leptin infusion on minute ventilation (VE ) and the hypoxic ventilatory response to 10% O2 (HVR) in C57BL/6J mice before and after CB denervation; (2) to express LepRb in CB of LepRb -deficient obese db/db mice and examine its effects on breathing during sleep and wakefulness and on HVR. We found that leptin enhanced carotid sinus nerve activity at baseline and in response to 10% O2 in vivo. In C57BL/6J mice, leptin increased VE from 1.1 to 1.5 mL/min/g during normoxia (P < 0.01) and from 3.6 to 4.7 mL/min/g during hypoxia (P < 0.001), augmenting HVR from 0.23 to 0.31 mL/min/g/Δ F I O 2 (P < 0.001). The effects of leptin on VE and HVR were abolished by CB denervation. In db/db mice, LepRb expression in CB increased VE from 1.1 to 1.3 mL/min/g during normoxia (P < 0.05) and from 2.8 to 3.2 mL/min/g during hypoxia (P < 0.02), increasing HVR. Compared to control db/db mice, LepRb transfected mice showed significantly higher VE throughout non-rapid eye movement (20.1 vs. -27.7 mL/min respectively, P < 0.05) and rapid eye movement sleep (16.5 vs 23.4 mL/min, P < 0.05). We conclude that leptin acts in CB to augment VE and HVR, which may protect against sleep disordered breathing in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candela Caballero-Eraso
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Unidad Médico-Quirúrgica de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Mi-Kyung Shin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Huy Pho
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lenise J Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis E Pichard
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhi-Juan Wu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chenjuan Gu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Slava Berger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luu Pham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ho-Yee Bonnie Yeung
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Machiko Shirahata
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alan R Schwartz
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Wan-Yee Winnie Tang
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James S K Sham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vsevolod Y Polotsky
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Shin M, Caballero C, Tang W, Yeung B, Gu C, Sham JS, Shirahata M, Polotsky VY. 0081 Leptin Induces Hypertension Acting in the Carotid Bodies: Possible involvement of Transient Receptor Potential Channels. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Shin
- Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD
| | | | - W Tang
- Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD
| | - B Yeung
- Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD
| | - C Gu
- Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD
| | - J S Sham
- Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD
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Mu Y, Caballero‐Eraso C, Liu X, Shin M, Paudel O, Yeung B, Tang W, Shirahata M, Polotsky V, Sham J. Leptin Activates Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 7 (TRPM7) Channels in Mouse Glomus Cells and Leptin‐Receptor Expressing Pheochromocytoma Cells. FASEB J 2018. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2018.32.1_supplement.601.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun‐Ping Mu
- Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | | | - Xiao‐Ru Liu
- Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Mi‐Kyung Shin
- Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Omkar Paudel
- Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
| | - Bonnie Yeung
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
| | - Wan‐Yee Tang
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
| | | | | | - James Sham
- Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMD
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Master ZR, Porzionato A, Kesavan K, Mason A, Chavez-Valdez R, Shirahata M, Gauda EB. Lipopolysaccharide exposure during the early postnatal period adversely affects the structure and function of the developing rat carotid body. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2016; 121:816-827. [PMID: 27418689 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01094.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The carotid body (CB) substantially influences breathing in premature infants by affecting the frequency of apnea and periodic breathing. In adult animals, inflammation alters the structure and chemosensitivity of the CB, yet it is not known if this pertains to neonates. We hypothesized that early postnatal inflammation leads to morphological and functional changes in the developing rat CB, which persists for 1 wk after the initial provoking insult. To test our hypothesis, we exposed rat pups at postnatal day 2 (P2) to lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 100 μg/kg) or saline (SAL) intraperitoneally. At P9-10 (1 wk after treatment), LPS-exposed animals had significantly more spontaneous intermittent hypoxic (IH) events, attenuated ventilatory responses to changes in oxygen tension (measured by whole body plethysmography), and attenuated hypoxic chemosensitivity of the carotid sinus nerve (measured in vitro), compared with SAL-exposed controls. These functional changes were associated with the following: 1) increased inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels; 2) decreased volume of supportive type II cells; and 3) elevated dopamine levels (a major inhibitory neuromodulator) within the CB. These findings suggest that early postnatal inflammation in newborn rats adversely affects the structure and function of the CB and is associated with increased frequency of intermittent desaturations, similar to the phenomenon observed in premature infants. Furthermore, this is the first newborn model of spontaneous intermittent desaturations that may be used to understand the mechanisms contributing to IH events in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zankhana R Master
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andrea Porzionato
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; and
| | - Kalpashri Kesavan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ariel Mason
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Raul Chavez-Valdez
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Machiko Shirahata
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Estelle B Gauda
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;
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Master Z, Mason A, Porzionato A, Shirahata M, Gauda E. Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) Exposure During The Early Postnatal Period Reduces The Volume of Type II Cells in The Developing Rat Carotid Body. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.861.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zankhana Master
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Neonatology Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMarylandUnited States
| | - Ariel Mason
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Neonatology Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMarylandUnited States
| | | | - Machiko Shirahata
- Department of Environmental Health SciencesJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMarylandUnited States
| | - Estella Gauda
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Neonatology Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBaltimoreMarylandUnited States
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Shirahata M, Tang WY, Kostuk EW. A Short-Term Fasting in Neonates Induces Breathing Instability and Epigenetic Modification in the Carotid Body. Adv Exp Med Biol 2015; 860:187-93. [PMID: 26303480 PMCID: PMC4793897 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-18440-1_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The respiratory control system is not fully developed in newborn, and data suggest that adequate nutrition is important for the development of the respiratory control system. Infants need to be fed every 2-4 h to maintain appropriate energy levels, but a skip of feeding can occur due to social economical reasons or mild sickness of infants. Here, we asked questions if a short-term fasting (1) alters carotid body (CB) chemoreceptor activity and integrated function of the respiratory control system; (2) causes epigenetic modification within the respiratory control system. Mouse pups (<P14) were fasted for 3-6 h. Breathing became irregular and slow. The number and duration of apnea increased. Ventilatory response to hypoxia was also depressed even after the pups were returned to own dams. These effects were more prominent when the pups were younger and fasting time was longer. The hypoxic response of the carotid sinus nerve activity appeared to be depressed after fasting. Moreover, fasting increased global 5mC and 5-hmC content in DNA isolated from the CB but not DNA in the superior cervical ganglion (SCG). Methylation specific PCR (MSPCR) revealed that fasting increased methylation of leptin and socs3 genes. The results suggest fasting inhibits CB activity leading to hypoventilation, and low glucose does not compensate the low CB activity. Epigenetic effect on CB function/activity may be related to the prolonged effect of fasting on ventilation.
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Abstract
The carotid body is a multi-modal sensor and it has been debated if it senses low glucose. We have hypothesized that the carotid body is modified by some metabolic factors other than glucose and contributes to whole body glucose metabolism. This study examined the roles of insulin, leptin and transient receptor potential (TRP) channels on carotid sinus nerve (CSN) chemoreceptor discharge. In agreement with other studies, CSN activity was not modified by low glucose. Insulin did not affect the CSN hypoxic response. Leptin significantly augmented the CSN response to hypoxia and nonspecific Trp channel blockers (SKF96365, 2-APB) reversed the effect of leptin. Gene expression analysis showed high expression of Trpm3, 6, and 7 channels in the carotid body and petrosal ganglion. The results suggest that the adult mouse carotid body does not sense glucose levels directly. The carotid body may contribute to neural control of glucose metabolism via leptin receptor-mediated TRP channel activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shirahata
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA,
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Shin MK, Yao Q, Jun JC, Bevans-Fonti S, Yoo DY, Han W, Mesarwi O, Richardson R, Fu YY, Pasricha PJ, Schwartz AR, Shirahata M, Polotsky VY. Carotid body denervation prevents fasting hyperglycemia during chronic intermittent hypoxia. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2014; 117:765-76. [PMID: 25103977 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01133.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea causes chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) and is associated with impaired glucose metabolism, but mechanisms are unknown. Carotid bodies orchestrate physiological responses to hypoxemia by activating the sympathetic nervous system. Therefore, we hypothesized that carotid body denervation would abolish glucose intolerance and insulin resistance induced by chronic IH. Male C57BL/6J mice underwent carotid sinus nerve dissection (CSND) or sham surgery and then were exposed to IH or intermittent air (IA) for 4 or 6 wk. Hypoxia was administered by decreasing a fraction of inspired oxygen from 20.9% to 6.5% once per minute, during the 12-h light phase (9 a.m.-9 p.m.). As expected, denervated mice exhibited blunted hypoxic ventilatory responses. In sham-operated mice, IH increased fasting blood glucose, baseline hepatic glucose output (HGO), and expression of a rate-liming hepatic enzyme of gluconeogenesis phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), whereas the whole body glucose flux during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp was not changed. IH did not affect glucose tolerance after adjustment for fasting hyperglycemia in the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. CSND prevented IH-induced fasting hyperglycemia and increases in baseline HGO and liver PEPCK expression. CSND trended to augment the insulin-stimulated glucose flux and enhanced liver Akt phosphorylation at both hypoxic and normoxic conditions. IH increased serum epinephrine levels and liver sympathetic innervation, and both increases were abolished by CSND. We conclude that chronic IH induces fasting hyperglycemia increasing baseline HGO via the CSN sympathetic output from carotid body chemoreceptors, but does not significantly impair whole body insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyung Shin
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Qiaoling Yao
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jonathan C Jun
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shannon Bevans-Fonti
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Doo-Young Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Woobum Han
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Omar Mesarwi
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ria Richardson
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ya-Yuan Fu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Pankaj J Pasricha
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Alan R Schwartz
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Machiko Shirahata
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Vsevolod Y Polotsky
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;
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Fujimaki T, Fukuoka K, Shirahata M, Suzuki T, Adachi JI, Yanagisawa T, Mishima K, Wakiya K, Matsutani M, Nishikawa R. INITIAL SYMPTOMS OF PINEAL REGION TUMORS - COMPARISON TO HISTORICAL CONTROL OF PRE-CT ERA -. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou206.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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14
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Panosyan E, Gotesman M, Kallay T, Martinez S, Bolaris M, Lasky J, Fouyssac F, Gentet JC, Frappaz D, Piguet C, Gorde-Grosjean S, Grill J, Schmitt E, Pall-Kondolff S, Chastagner P, Dudley R, Torok M, Gallegos D, Liu A, Handler M, Hankinson T, Dudley R, Torok M, Gallegos D, Liu A, Handler M, Hankinson T, Fukuoka K, Yanagisawa T, Suzuki T, Shirahata M, Adachi JI, Mishima K, Fujimaki T, Matsutani M, Sasaki A, Wada S, Nishikawa R, Suzuki M, Kondo A, Miyajima M, Arai H, Morin S, Uro-Coste E, Munzer C, Gambart M, Puget S, Miquel C, Maurage CA, Dufour C, Leblond P, Andre N, Kanold J, Icher C, Bertozzi AAI, Diez B, Muggeri A, Cerrato S, Calabrese B, Arakaki N, Marron A, Sevlever G, Fisher MJ, Widemann BC, Dombi E, Wolters P, Cantor A, Vinks A, Parentesis J, Ullrich N, Gutmann D, Viskochil D, Tonsgard J, Korf B, Packer R, Weiss B, Fisher MJ, Marcus L, Weiss B, Kim A, Dombi E, Baldwin A, Whitcomb P, Martin S, Gillespie A, Doyle A, Widemann BC, Bulwer C, Gan HW, Ederies A, Korbonits M, Powell M, Jeelani O, Jacques T, Stern E, Spoudeas H, Kimpo M, Tang J, Tan CL, Yeo TT, Chong QT, Ruland V, Hartung S, Kordes U, Wolff JE, Paulus W, Hasselblatt M, Patil S, Zaky W, Khatua S, Lassen-Ramshad Y, Christensen L, Clausen N, Bendel A, Dobyns W, Bennett J, Reyes-Mugica M, Petronio J, Nikiforova M, Mueller H, Kirches E, Korshunov A, Pfister S, Mawrin C, Hemenway M, Foreman N, Kumar A, Kalra S, Acharya R, Radhakrishnan N, Sachdeva A, Nimmervoll B, Hadjadj D, Tong Y, Shelat AA, Low J, Miller G, Stewart CF, Guy RK, Gilbertson RJ, Miwa T, Nonaka Y, Oi S, Sasaki H, Yoshida K, Northup R, Klesse L, McNall-Knapp R, Blagia M, Romeo F, Toscano S, D'Agostino A, Lafay-Cousin L, Lindzon G, Bouffet E, Taylor M, Hader W, Nordal R, Hawkins C, Laperriere N, Laughlin S, Shash H, McDonald P, Wrogemann J, Ahsanuddin A, Matsuda K, Soni R, Vanan MI, Cohen K, Taylor I, Rodriguez F, Burger P, Yeh J, Rao S, Iskandar B, Kienitz BA, Bruce R, Keller L, Salamat S, Puccetti D, Patel N, Hana A, Gunness VRN, Berthold C, Hana A, Bofferding L, Neuhaeuser C, Scalais E, Kieffer I, Feiden W, Graf N, Boecher-Schwarz H, Hertel F, Cruz O, Morales A, de Torres C, Vicente A, Gonzalez MA, Sunol M, Mora J, Garcia G, Guillen A, Muchart J, Yankelevich M, Sood S, Diver J, Savasan S, Poulik J, Bhambhani K, Hochart A, Gaillard V, Bonne NX, Baroncini M, Andre N, Vannier JP, Dubrulle F, Lejeune JP, Vincent C, Leblond P, Japp A, Gessi M, Muehlen AZ, Klein-Hitpass L, Pietsch T, Sharma M, Yadav R, Malgulwar PB, Pathak P, Sigamani E, Suri V, Sarkar C, Jagdevan A, Singh M, Sharma BS, Garg A, Bakhshi S, Faruq M, Doromal D, Villafuerte CJ, Tezcanli E, Yilmaz M, Sengoz M, Peker S, Dhall G, Robison N, Margol A, Evans A, Krieger M, Finlay J, Rosser T, Khakoo Y, Pratilas C, Marghoob A, Berger M, Hollmann T, Rosenblum M, Mrugala M, Giglio P, Keene C, Ferreira M, Garcia D, Weil A, Khatib Z, Diaz A, Niazi T, Bhatia S, Ragheb J, Robison N, Rangan K, Margol A, Rosser T, Finlay J, Dhall G, Gilles F, Morris C, Chen Y, Shetty V, Elbabaa S, Guzman M, Abdel-Baki MS, Abdel-Baki MS, Waguespack S, Jones J, Stapleton S, Baskin D, M, Okcu F. RARE TUMOURS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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15
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Kannan V, Misra BK, Kapadia A, Bajpai R, Deshpande S, Almel S, Sankhe M, Desai K, Shaikh M, Anand V, Kannan A, Teo WY, Ross J, Bollo R, Seow WT, Tan AM, Kang SG, Kim DS, Li XN, Lau CC, Mohila CA, Adesina A, Su J, Ichimura K, Fukushima S, Matsushita Y, Tomiyama A, Niwa T, Suzuki T, Nakazato Y, Mukasa A, Kumabe T, Nagane M, Iuchi T, Mizoguchi M, Tamura K, Sugiyama K, Nakada M, Kanemura Y, Yokogami K, Matsutani M, Shibata T, Nishikawa R, Takami H, Fukushima S, Fukuoka K, Yanagisawa T, Nakamura T, Arita H, Narita Y, Shibui S, Nishikawa R, Ichimura K, Matsutani M, Sands S, Guerry W, Kretschmar C, Donahue B, Allen J, Matsutani M, Nishikawa R, Kumabe T, Sugiyama K, Nakamura H, Sawamura Y, Fujimaki T, Hattori E, Arakawa Y, Kawabata Y, Aoki T, Miyamoto S, Kagawa N, Hirayama R, Fujimoto Y, Chiba Y, Kinoshita M, Takano K, Eino D, Fukuya S, Nakanishi K, Yamamoto F, Hashii Y, Hashimoto N, Hara J, Yoshimine T, Murray M, Bartels U, Nishikawa R, Fangusaro J, Matsutani M, Nicholson J, Sumerauer D, Zapotocky M, Churackova M, Cyprova S, Zamecnik J, Malinova B, Kyncl M, Tichy M, Stary J, Lassen-Ramshad Y, von Oettingen G, Agerbaek M, Ohnishi T, Kohno S, Inoue A, Ohue S, Kohno S, Iwata S, Inoue A, Ohue S, Kumon Y, Ohnishi T, Acharya S, DeWees T, Shinohara E, Perkins S, Kato H, Fuji H, Nakasu Y, Ishida Y, Okawada S, Yang Q, Guo C, Chen Z, Alapetite C, Faure-Conter C, Verite C, Pagnier A, Laithier V, Entz-Werle N, Gorde-Grosjean S, Palenzuela G, Lemoine P, Frappaz D, Nguyen HA, Bui L, Ngoc, Cerbone M, Ederies A, Losa L, Moreno C, Sun K, Spoudeas HA, Nakano Y, Okada K, Kosaka Y, Nagashima T, Hashii Y, Kagawa N, Soejima T, Osugi Y, Sakamoto H, Hara J, Nicholson J, Alapetite C, Kortmann RD, Garre ML, Ricardi U, Saran F, Frappaz D, Calaminus G, Muda Z, Menon B, Ibrahim H, Rahman EJA, Muhamad M, Othman IS, Thevarajah A, Cheng S, Kilday JP, Laperriere N, Drake J, Bouffet E, Bartels U, Sakamoto H, Matsusaka Y, Watanabe Y, Umaba R, Hara J, Osugi Y, Alapetite C, Ruffier-Loubiere A, De Marzi L, Bolle S, Claude L, Habrand JL, Brisse H, Frappaz D, Doz F, Bourdeaut F, Dendale R, Mazal A, Fournier-Bidoz N, Fujimaki T, Fukuoka K, Shirahata M, Suzuki T, Adachi JI, Mishima K, Wakiya K, Matsutani M, Nishikawa R, Fukushima S, Yamashita S, Kato M, Nakamura H, Takami H, Suzuki T, Yanagisawa T, Mukasa A, Kumabe T, Nagane M, Sugiyama K, Tamura K, Narita Y, Shibui S, Shibata T, Ushijima T, Matsutani M, Nishikawa R, Ichimura K, Consortium IGA, Calaminus G, Kortmann RD, Frappaz D, Alapetite C, Garre ML, Ricardi U, Saran FH, Nicholson J, Calaminus G, Kortmann RD, Frappaz D, Alapetite C, Garre ML, Ricardi U, Saran FH, Nicholson J, Czech T, Nicholson J, Frappaz D, Kortmann RD, Alapetite C, Garre ML, Ricardi U, Saran F, Calaminus G, Hayden J, Bartels U, Calaminus G, Joseph R, Nicholson J, Hale J, Lindsay H, Kogiso M, Qi L, Yee TW, Huang Y, Mao H, Lin F, Baxter P, Su J, Terashima K, Perlaky L, Lau C, Parsons D, Chintagumpala M, Li XAN, Osorio D, Vaughn D, Gardner S, Mrugala M, Ferreira M, Keene C, Gonzalez-Cuyar L, Hebb A, Rockhill J, Wang L, Yamaguchi S, Burstein M, Terashima K, Ng HK, Nakamura H, He Z, Suzuki T, Nishikawa R, Natsume A, Terasaka S, Dauser R, Whitehead W, Adesina A, Sun J, Munzy D, Gibbs R, Leal S, Wheeler D, Lau C, Dhall G, Robison N, Judkins A, Krieger M, Gilles F, Park J, Lee SU, Kim T, Choi Y, Park HJ, Shin SH, Kim JY, Robison N, Dhir N, Khamani J, Margol A, Wong K, Britt B, Evans A, Nelson M, Grimm J, Finlay J, Dhall G. GERM CELL TUMOURS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Master Z, Kesavan K, Mason A, Chavez‐Valdez R, Shirahata M, Gauda E. Lipopolysacchride exposure in newborn rats increases mast cell infiltration in the carotid body and attenuates hypoxic chemosensitivity (873.9). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.873.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zankhana Master
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Neonatology The Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBALTIMOREMDUnited States
| | - Kalpashri Kesavan
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Neonatology The Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBALTIMOREMDUnited States
| | - Ariel Mason
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Neonatology The Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBALTIMOREMDUnited States
| | - Raul Chavez‐Valdez
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Neonatology The Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBALTIMOREMDUnited States
| | - Machiko Shirahata
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences The Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBALTIMOREMDUnited States
| | - Estelle Gauda
- Department of PediatricsDivision of Neonatology The Johns Hopkins Medical InstitutionsBALTIMOREMDUnited States
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Affiliation(s)
- Machiko Shirahata
- Environmental Health Sciences Bloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUnited States
| | - Mi‐Kyung Shin
- Medicine School of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUnited States
| | - Vsevolod Polotsky
- Medicine School of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMDUnited States
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18
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Adachi JI, Totake K, Shirahata M, Mishima K, Suzuki T, Yanagisawa T, Fukuoka K, Nishikawa R, Arimappamagan A, Manoj N, Mahadevan A, Bhat D, Arvinda H, Indiradevi B, Somanna S, Chandramouli B, Petterson SA, Hermansen SK, Dahlrot RH, Hansen S, Kristensen BW, Carvalho F, Jalali S, Singh S, Croul S, Aldape K, Zadeh G, Choi J, Park SH, Khang SK, Suh YL, Kim SP, Lee YS, Kim SH, Coberly S, Samayoa K, Liu Y, Kiaei P, Hill J, Patterson S, Damore M, Dahiya S, Emnett R, Phillips J, Haydon D, Leonard J, Perry A, Gutmann D, Epari S, Ahmed S, Gurav M, Raikar S, Moiyadi A, Shetty P, Gupta T, Jalali R, Georges J, Zehri A, Carlson E, Martirosyan N, Elhadi A, Nichols J, Ighaffari L, Eschbacher J, Feuerstein B, Anderson T, Preul M, Jensen K, Nakaji P, Girardi H, Monville F, Carpentier S, Giry M, Voss J, Jenkins R, Boisselier B, Frayssinet V, Poggionovo C, Catteau A, Mokhtari K, Sanson M, Peyro-Saint-Paul H, Giannini C, Hide T, Nakamura H, Makino K, Yano S, Anai S, Shinojima N, Kuroda JI, Takezaki T, Kuratsu JI, Higuchi F, Matsuda H, Iwata K, Ueki K, Kim P, Kong J, Cooper L, Wang F, Gao J, Teodoro G, Scarpace L, Mikkelsen T, Schniederjan M, Moreno C, Saltz J, Brat D, Cho U, Hong YK, Lee YS, Lober R, Lu L, Gephart MH, Fisher P, Miyazaki M, Nishihara H, Itoh T, Kato M, Fujimoto S, Kimura T, Tanino M, Tanaka S, Nguyen N, Moes G, Villano JL, Nishihara H, Kanno H, Kato Y, Tanaka S, Ohnishi T, Harada H, Ohue S, Kouno S, Inoue A, Yamashita D, Okamoto S, Nitta M, Muragaki Y, Maruyama T, Sawada T, Komori T, Saito T, Okada Y, Omay SB, Gunel JM, Clark VE, Li J, Omay EZE, Serin A, Kolb LE, Hebert RM, Bilguvar K, Ozduman K, Pamir MN, Kilic T, Baehring J, Piepmeier JM, Brennan CW, Huse J, Gutin PH, Yasuno K, Vortmeyer A, Gunel M, Perry A, Pugh S, Rogers CL, Brachman D, McMillan W, Jenrette J, Barani I, Shrieve D, Sloan A, Mehta M, Prabowo A, Iyer A, Veersema T, Anink J, Meeteren ASV, Spliet W, van Rijen P, Ferrier T, Capper D, Thom M, Aronica E, Chharchhodawala T, Sable M, Sharma MC, Sarkar C, Suri V, Singh M, Santosh V, Thota B, Srividya M, Sravani K, Shwetha S, Arivazhagan A, Thennarasu K, Chandramouli B, Hegde A, Kondaiah P, Somasundaram K, Rao M, Santosh V, Kumar VP, Thota B, Shastry A, Arivazhagan A, Thennarasu K, Kondaiah P, Shastry A, Narayan R, Thota B, Somanna S, Thennarasu K, Arivazhagan A, Santosh V, Shastry A, Naz S, Thota B, Thennarasu K, Arivazhagan A, Somanna S, Santosh V, Kondaiah P, Venneti S, Garimella M, Sullivan L, Martinez D, Huse J, Heguy A, Santi M, Thompson C, Judkins A, Voronovich Z, Chen L, Clark K, Walsh M, Mannas J, Horbinski C, Wiestler B, Capper D, Holland-Letz T, Korshunov A, von Deimling A, Pfister SM, Platten M, Weller M, Wick W, Zieman G, Dardis C, Ashby L, Eschbacher J. PATHOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Shirahata M, Kostuk E, Mason A, Pichard L, Kesavan K, Tankersley C, Gauda E. Neonatal programming of the ventilatory control system: effects of inflammation and fasting. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.721.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Machiko Shirahata
- Environmental Health SciencesBloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Eric Kostuk
- Environmental Health SciencesBloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Ariel Mason
- PediatricsSchool of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Luis Pichard
- Environmental Health SciencesBloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | | | - Clarke Tankersley
- Environmental Health SciencesBloomberg School of Public HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Estelle Gauda
- PediatricsSchool of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
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Mason AV, Kostuk E, Shirahata M, Gauda EB. Ventilatory instability persists 1 week after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure in newborn rat pups. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1135.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric Kostuk
- Environmental Health SciencesJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
| | - Machiko Shirahata
- Environmental Health SciencesJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
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Gauda EB, Shirahata M, Mason A, Pichard LE, Kostuk EW, Chavez-Valdez R. Inflammation in the carotid body during development and its contribution to apnea of prematurity. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2013; 185:120-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2012.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Fitzgerald RS, Shirahata M, Chang I, Kostuk EW, Kiihl S. Hydrogen sulfide acting at the carotid body and elsewhere in the organism. Adv Exp Med Biol 2012; 758:241-7. [PMID: 23080168 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4584-1_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Fitzgerald
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Shirahata M, Kostuk EW, Pichard LE. Carotid chemoreceptor development in mice. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2012; 185:20-9. [PMID: 22634368 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2012.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Mice are the most suitable species for understanding genetic aspects of postnatal developments of the carotid body due to the availability of many inbred strains and knockout mice. Our study has shown that the carotid body grows differentially in different mouse strains, indicating the involvement of genes. However, the small size hampers investigating functional development of the carotid body. Hypoxic and/or hyperoxic ventilatory responses have been investigated in newborn mice, but these responses are indirect assessment of the carotid body function. Therefore, we need to develop techniques of measuring carotid chemoreceptor neural activity from young mice. Many studies have taken advantage of the knockout mice to understand chemoreceptor function of the carotid body, but they are not always suitable for addressing postnatal development of the carotid body due to lethality during perinatal periods. Various inbred strains with well-designed experiments will provide useful information regarding genetic mechanisms of the postnatal carotid chemoreceptor development. Also, targeted gene deletion is a critical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machiko Shirahata
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Mkrtchian S, Kåhlin J, Ebberyd A, Gonzalez C, Sanchez D, Balbir A, Kostuk EW, Shirahata M, Fagerlund MJ, Eriksson LI. The human carotid body transcriptome with focus on oxygen sensing and inflammation--a comparative analysis. J Physiol 2012; 590:3807-19. [PMID: 22615433 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.231084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The carotid body (CB) is the key oxygen sensing organ. While the expression of CB specific genes is relatively well studied in animals, corresponding data for the human CB are missing. In this study we used five surgically removed human CBs to characterize the CB transcriptome with microarray and PCR analyses, and compared the results with mice data. In silico approaches demonstrated a unique gene expression profile of the human and mouse CB transcriptomes and an unexpected upregulation of both human and mouse CB genes involved in the inflammatory response compared to brain and adrenal gland data. Human CBs express most of the genes previously proposed to be involved in oxygen sensing and signalling based on animal studies, including NOX2, AMPK, CSE and oxygen sensitive K+ channels. In the TASK subfamily of K+ channels, TASK-1 is expressed in human CBs, while TASK-3 and TASK-5 are absent, although we demonstrated both TASK-1 and TASK-3 in one of the mouse reference strains. Maxi-K was expressed exclusively as the spliced variant ZERO in the human CB. In summary, the human CB transcriptome shares important features with the mouse CB, but also differs significantly in the expression of a number of CB chemosensory genes. This study provides key information for future functional investigations on the human carotid body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souren Mkrtchian
- Section for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Kostuk EW, Balbir A, Fujii K, Fujioka A, Pichard LE, Shirahata M. Divergent postnatal development of the carotid body in DBA/2J and A/J strains of mice. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2011; 112:490-500. [PMID: 22074716 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01477.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that the adult DBA/2J and A/J strains of mice differ in carotid body volume and morphology. The question has arisen whether these differences develop during the prenatal or postnatal period. Investigating morphological development of the carotid body and contributing genes in these mice can provide further understanding of the appropriate formation of the carotid body. We examined the carotid body of these mice from 1 day to 4 wk old for differences in volume, morphology, and gene expression of Gdnf family, Dlx2, Msx2, and Phox2b. The two strains showed divergent morphology starting at 1 wk old. The volume of the carotid body increased from 1 wk up to 2 wk old to the level of 4 wk old in the DBA/2J mice but not in the A/J mice. This corresponds with immunoreactivity of LC3, an autophagy marker, in A/J tissues at 10 days and 2 wk. The differences in gene expression were examined at 1 wk, 10 days, and 2 wk old, because divergent growth occurred during this period. The DBA/2J's carotid body at 1 wk old showed a greater expression of Msx2 than the A/J's carotid body. No other candidate genes showed consistent differences between the ages and strains. The difference was not seen in sympathetic cervical ganglia of 1 wk old, suggesting that the difference is carotid body specific. The current study indicates the critical postnatal period for developing distinctive morphology of the carotid body in these mice. Further studies are required to further elucidate a role of Msx2 and other uninvestigated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric W Kostuk
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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Otsubo T, Kostuk EW, Balbir A, Fujii K, Shirahata M. Differential Expression of Large-Conductance Ca-Activated K Channels in the Carotid Body between DBA/2J and A/J Strains of Mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2011; 5:19. [PMID: 22013411 PMCID: PMC3190176 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2011.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The carotid body (CB) is a primary chemosensory organ for arterial hypoxia. Inhibition of K channels in chemosensory glomus cells (GCs) are considered to be responsible for hypoxic chemoreception and/or chemotransduction of the CB. Hypoxic sensitivity of large-conductance calcium-activated K (BK) channels has been established in the rat CB. Our previous work has shown the BK channel β2 subunits are more expressed in the CB of the DBA/2J mouse than that of the A/J mouse. Because the DBA/2J mouse is more sensitive to hypoxia than the A/J mouse, our general hypothesis is that BK channels play a role in the sensitivity of the mouse CB to mild hypoxia. We performed vigorous analysis of the gene expression of α, β2, and β4 subunits of BK channels in the CB. We found that α and β2 subunits were expressed more in the CB of the DBA/2J mice than that of the A/J mice. No differences were found in the β4 subunit expression. These differences were not seen in the neighboring tissues, the superior cervical ganglion and the carotid artery, suggesting that the differences are CB specific. Further, the sensitivity of BK channels in GCs to mild hypoxia was examined in patch clamp experiments using undissociated CBs. Iberiotoxin significantly inhibited K current of GCs in the DBA/2J mice, but not in the A/J mice. When reducing PO2 to ∼70 mmHg, K current reversibly decreased in GCs of the DBA/2J, but not of the A/J mice. In the presence of iberiotoxin, mild hypoxia did not inhibit K current in either strains. Thus, the data suggest that BK channels in GCs of the DBA/2J mice are sensitive to mild hypoxia. Differential expression of BK channel β subunits in the CBs may, at least in part, explain the different hypoxic sensitivity in these mouse strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Otsubo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, MD, USA
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Fitzgerald RS, Shirahata M, Chang I, Kostuk E, Kiihl S. The impact of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) on neurotransmitter release from the cat carotid body. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2011; 176:80-9. [PMID: 21292043 PMCID: PMC3095827 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2011.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Do cat carotid bodies (CBs) increase their release of acetylcholine and ATP in response to H(2)S? Two CBs, incubated in a Krebs Ringer bicarbonate solution at 37 ° C, exhibited a normal response to hypoxia-increased release of acetylcholine (ACh) and ATP. They were challenged with several concentrations of Na(2)S, an H(2)S donor. H(2)S, a new gasotransmitter, is reported to open K(ATP) channels. Under normoxic conditions the CBs reduced their release of ACh and ATP below control values. They responded identically to pinacidil, a well-known K(ATP) channel opener. CB glomus cells exhibited a positive immunohistochemical signal for cystathione-β-synthetase, a H(2)S synthesizing enzyme, and for a subunit of the K(ATP) channel. The data suggest that Na(2)S may have opened the glomus cells' K(ATP) channels, hyperpolarizing the cells, thus reducing their tonic release of ACh and ATP. Since during hypoxia H(2)S levels rise, the glomus cells responding very actively to hypoxia may be protected from over-exertion by the H(2)S opening of the K(ATP) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Fitzgerald
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences (Division of Physiology), The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Kato K, Shirahata M, Kawarazaki S, Matoba R, Takahashi J. A new gene expression-based diagnostic test to predict prognosis of gliomas for the support of histopathologic diagnosis. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.2085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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29
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Pichard L, Sgambati F, Kostuk E, Bashai P, Fitzgerald R, Shirahata M. Murine Carotid Body Responses to Hypoxia: In vivo Carotid Sinus Nerve Recordings in the DBA/2J and A/J Strains. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.1026.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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30
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Kostuk EW, Pichard L, Shirahata M. Neurotrophic Factors and the Growth of the Carotid Body. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.1043.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Wildon Kostuk
- Environmental Health Sciences‐PhysiologyJohns Hopkins University‐ Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
| | - Luis Pichard
- Environmental Health Sciences‐PhysiologyJohns Hopkins University‐ Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
| | - Machiko Shirahata
- Environmental Health Sciences‐PhysiologyJohns Hopkins University‐ Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMD
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Pichard L, Kostuk E, Pashai P, Fitzgerald R, Shirahata M. Prolonged Maintenance of Cardiopulmonary Stability in Mice: Strain‐Specific Ventilatory Requirements. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.1026.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Pichard
- Environmental Health Sciences/PhysiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Eric Kostuk
- Environmental Health Sciences/PhysiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Pejmon Pashai
- Environmental Health Sciences/PhysiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Robert Fitzgerald
- Environmental Health Sciences/PhysiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Machiko Shirahata
- Environmental Health Sciences/PhysiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
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Pichard L, Sgambati F, Kostuk E, Bashai P, Fitzgerald R, Shirahata M. In Vivo Pharmacological Alterations of Murine Carotid Body Responses to Hypoxia: The Role of BK Channels in Hypoxic Sensitivity. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.1026.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Pichard
- Environmental Health Sciences/PhysiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | | | - Eric Kostuk
- Environmental Health Sciences/PhysiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Pejmon Bashai
- Environmental Health Sciences/PhysiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Robert Fitzgerald
- Environmental Health Sciences/PhysiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Machiko Shirahata
- Environmental Health Sciences/PhysiologyJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Machiko Shirahata
- Environmental Health SciencesThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Eric Kostuk
- Environmental Health SciencesThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
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Shirahata M, Kostuk E, Otsubo T, Balbir A, Fujii K, Pichard L. Expression of BK (large conductance calcium‐activated K) channel subunits and oxygen sensitivity of glomus cells in mice. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.lb663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Abstract
Benzodiazepines (BZs) suppress ventilation possibly by augmenting the GABA(A) receptor activity in the respiratory control system, but precise sites of action are not well understood. The goals of this study were: (1) to identify GABA(A) receptor subunits in the carotid body (CB) and petrosal ganglion (PG); (2) to test if BZs exert their effects through the GABA(A) receptor in the CB chemosensory unit. Tissues were taken from euthanized adult cats. RNA was extracted from the brain, and cDNA sequences of several GABA(A) receptor subunits were determined. Subsequent RT-PCR analysis demonstrated the gene expression of alpha2, alpha3, beta3, and gamma2 subunits in the CB and the PG. Immunoreactivity for GABA and for GABA(A) receptor beta3 and gamma2 subunits was detected in chemosensory glomus cells (GCs) in the CB and neurons in the PG. The functional aspects of the GABA-GABA(A) receptor system in the CB was studied by measuring CB neural output using in vitro perfusion setup. Two BZs, midazolam and diazepam, decreased the CB neural response to hypoxia. With continuous application of bicuculline, a GABA(A) receptor antagonist, the effects of BZs were abolished. In conclusion, the GABA-GABA(A) receptor system is functioning in the CB chemosensory system. BZs inhibit CB neural response to hypoxia by enhancing GABA(A) receptor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Igarashi
- Division of Physiology Department of Environmental Health Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Fitzgerald RS, Shirahata M, Chang I, Kostuk E. The impact of hypoxia and low glucose on the release of acetylcholine and ATP from the incubated cat carotid body. Brain Res 2009; 1270:39-44. [PMID: 19285968 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2008] [Revised: 02/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The carotid body (CB) is a polymodal sensor which increases its neural output to the nucleus tractus solitarii with a subsequent activation of several reflex cardiopulmonary responses. Current reports identify acetylcholine (ACh) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as two essential excitatory neurotransmitters in the cat and rat CBs. This study explored the impact of hypoxia, low glucose, and the two together on the release of both ACh and ATP from two incubated cat CBs. The CBs were prepared with standard procedures in accordance with the policies and regulations of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. When normalized to their controls, a significant increase of ACh in the incubation medium was measured in response to hypoxia, low glucose, and the combined stimuli. When normalized to their controls, a significant increase in ATP in the incubation medium was measured in response to hypoxia and to the combined stimuli. Low glucose generated an increase in ATP which was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Second, normalizing the initial 3-4 or 2-3 min Time Segment of the challenge Stage to the final 3-4 or 2-3 min Time Segment of the control Stage for both ACh and ATP generated significant increases in response to hypoxia, low glucose (ACh only), and the combined stimuli. The data suggested the possibility that in the cat the increased CB neural output in response to low glucose might be due primarily to ACh.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Fitzgerald
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Physiology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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37
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Balbir A, Lande B, Fitzgerald RS, Polotsky V, Mitzner W, Shirahata M. Behavioral and respiratory characteristics during sleep in neonatal DBA/2J and A/J mice. Brain Res 2008; 1241:84-91. [PMID: 18817755 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2008] [Revised: 09/05/2008] [Accepted: 09/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The ventilatory response to hypoxia depends on the carotid body function and sleep-wake states. Therefore, the response must be measured in a consistent sleep-wake state. In mice, EMG with behavioral indices (coordinated movements, CMs; myoclonic twitches, MTs) has been used to assess sleep-wake states. However, in neonatal mice EMG instrumentation could induce stress, altering their behavior and ventilation. Accordingly, we examined: (1) if EMG can be eliminated for assessing sleep-wake states; and (2) behavioral characteristics and carotid body-mediated respiratory control during sleep with EMG (EMG+) or without EMG (EMG-). Seven-day-old DBA/2J and A/J mice were divided into EMG+ and EMG- groups. In both strains, CMs occurred when EMG was high; MTs were present during silent/low EMG activity. The durations of high EMG activity and of CMs were statistically indifferent. Thus, CMs can be used to indicate wake state without EMG. The stress caused by EMG instrumentation may be distinctively manifested based on genetic background. Prolonged agitation was observed in some EMG+ DBA/2J (5 of 13), but not in A/J mice. The sleep time and MT counts were indifferent between the groups in DBA/2J mice. The EMG+ A/J group showed longer sleep time and less MT counts than the EMG- A/J group. Mean respiratory variables (baseline, hyperoxic/hypoxic responses) were not severely influenced by EMG+ in either strain. Individual values were more variable in EMG+ mice. Carotid body-mediated respiratory responses (decreased ventilation upon hyperoxia and increased ventilation upon mild hypoxia) during sleep were clearly observed in these neonatal mice with or without EMG instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Balbir
- Division of Physiology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, E7610, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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38
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Wei E, Lieu T, Balbir A, Fujii K, Zadzilka N, Shirahata M. Carotid body of transgenic mice with nicotinic ACh receptor a3 subunit deletion. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.1224.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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39
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Fitzgerald RS, Shirahata M, Kostuk E, Olson K. IMPACT OF HYDROGEN SULFIDE (H
2
S) ON CAT CAROTID BODY (CB) FUNCTION. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.1224.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Machiko Shirahata
- Environmental Health SciencesThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Erik Kostuk
- Environmental Health SciencesThe Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD
| | - Ken Olson
- Indiana University Medical CenterSouth BendIN
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Balbir A, Martone P, Lande B, O’Donnell CP, Shirahata M. Contribution of the Carotid Body (CB) to Respiratory Stability During Sleep in Developing Inbred Mice. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.955.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Balbir
- EHSJohns Hopkins University School of Publicblc HealthBaltimoreMD
| | - P. Martone
- EHSJohns Hopkins University School of Publicblc HealthBaltimoreMD
| | - B. Lande
- EHSJohns Hopkins University School of Publicblc HealthBaltimoreMD
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41
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Lieu T, Fujii K, Sham JS, Shirahata M. Modulation of BK channel expression in mouse carotid body. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.1224.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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42
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Shirahata M, Iwao-Koizumi K, Saito S, Ueno N, Oda M, Hashimoto N, Takahashi JA, Kato K. Gene Expression-Based Molecular Diagnostic System for Malignant Gliomas Is Superior to Histological Diagnosis. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13:7341-56. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-2789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
This brief review first touches on the origins of the earth's oxygen. It then identifies and locates the principal oxygen sensor in vertebrates, the carotid body (CB). The CB is unique in that in human subjects, it is the only sensor of lower than normal levels in the partial pressure of oxygen (hypoxia, HH). Another oxygen sensor, the aortic bodies, are mostly vestigial in higher vertebrates. At least they play a much smaller role than the CB. In such an important role, the many reflexes in response to CB stimulation by HH are presented. After briefly reviewing what CB stimulation does, the next topic is to describe how the CB chemotransduces HH into neural signals to the brain. Several mechanisms are known, but critical steps in the mechanisms of chemosensation and chemotransduction are still under investigation. Finally, a brief glance at the operation of the CB in chronic heart failure patients is presented. Specifically, the role of nitric oxide, NO, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Fitzgerald
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
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Balbir A, Lee H, Okumura M, Biswal S, Fitzgerald RS, Shirahata M. A search for genes that may confer divergent morphology and function in the carotid body between two strains of mice. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2007; 292:L704-15. [PMID: 17098806 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00383.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The carotid body (CB) is the primary hypoxic chemosensory organ. Its hypoxic response appears to be genetically controlled. We have hypothesized that: 1) genes related to CB function are expressed less in the A/J mice (low responder to hypoxia) compared with DBA/2J mice (high responder to hypoxia); and 2) gene expression levels of morphogenic and trophic factors of the CB are significantly lower in the A/J mice than DBA/2J mice. This study utilizes microarray analysis to test these hypotheses. Three sets of CBs were harvested from both strains. RNA was isolated and used for global gene expression profiling (Affymetrix Mouse 430 v2.0 array). Statistically significant gene expression was determined as a minimum six counts of nine pairwise comparisons, a minimum 1.5-fold change, and P ≤ 0.05. Our results demonstrated that 793 genes were expressed less and that 568 genes were expressed more in the A/J strain vs. the DBA/2J strain. Analysis of individual genes indicates that genes encoding ion channels are differentially expressed between the two strains. Genes related to neurotransmitter metabolism, synaptic vesicles, and the development of neural crest-derived cells are expressed less in the A/J CB vs. the DBA/2J CB. Through pathway analysis, we have constructed a model that shows gene interactions and offers a roadmap to investigate CB development and hypoxic chemosensing/chemotransduction processes. Particularly, Gdnf, Bmp2, Kcnmb2, Tph1, Hif1a, and Arnt2 may contribute to the functional differences in the CB between the two strains. Bmp2, Phox2b, Dlx2, and Msx2 may be important for the morphological differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Balbir
- Division of Physiology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, E7610, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Shirahata M, Balbir A, Otsubo T, Fitzgerald RS. Role of acetylcholine in neurotransmission of the carotid body. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2007; 157:93-105. [PMID: 17284361 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2006.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2006] [Revised: 12/11/2006] [Accepted: 12/27/2006] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholine (ACh) has been considered an important excitatory neurotransmitter in the carotid body (CB). Its physiological and pharmacological effects, metabolism, release, and receptors have been well documented in several species. Various nicotinic and muscarinic ACh receptors are present in both afferent nerve endings and glomus cells. Therefore, ACh can depolarize or hyperpolarize the cell membrane depending on the available receptor type in the vicinity. Binding of ACh to its receptor can create a wide variety of cellular responses including opening cation channels (nicotinic ACh receptor activation), releasing Ca(2+) from intracellular storage sites (via muscarinic ACh receptors), and modulating activities of K(+) and Ca(2+) channels. Interactions between ACh and other neurotransmitters (dopamine, adenosine, nitric oxide) have been known, and they may induce complicated responses. Cholinergic biology in the CB differs among species and even within the same species due to different genetic composition. Development and environment influence cholinergic biology. We discuss these issues in light of current knowledge of neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machiko Shirahata
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Fitzgerald RS, Shirahata M, Chang I, Grossman C. Influence of hypoxia/low glucose on carotid body release of acetylcholine. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a926-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert S. Fitzgerald
- Environmental Health SciencesThe Johns Hopkins University615 N. Wolfe St.BaltimoreMD21205
| | - Machiko Shirahata
- Environmental Health SciencesThe Johns Hopkins University615 N. Wolfe St.BaltimoreMD21205
| | - Irene Chang
- Environmental Health SciencesThe Johns Hopkins University615 N. Wolfe St.BaltimoreMD21205
| | - Courtney Grossman
- Environmental Health SciencesThe Johns Hopkins University615 N. Wolfe St.BaltimoreMD21205
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47
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Fujii K, Balbir A, Otsubo T, Okumura M, Shirahata M. Glial cell‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) induced expression of calcium‐activated large conductance K (BK) channels in mouse glomus cells (GC). FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a924-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Fujii
- Environmental Health SciencesThe Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public HealthE7610, Division of Physiology, 615 N.Wolf St.BaltimoreMD21205
| | - Alex Balbir
- Environmental Health SciencesThe Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public HealthE7610, Division of Physiology, 615 N.Wolf St.BaltimoreMD21205
| | - Toshiki Otsubo
- Environmental Health SciencesThe Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public HealthE7610, Division of Physiology, 615 N.Wolf St.BaltimoreMD21205
| | - Mariko Okumura
- Environmental Health SciencesThe Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public HealthE7610, Division of Physiology, 615 N.Wolf St.BaltimoreMD21205
| | - Machiko Shirahata
- Environmental Health SciencesThe Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public HealthE7610, Division of Physiology, 615 N.Wolf St.BaltimoreMD21205
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48
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Dávila‐García MI, Adetobi‐Oladele E, Ekejiuba S, Ononiwu IM, Shirahata M, Caparso A, Massari VJ. Asymmetry in the vagal preganglionic control of ventricular function. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a1263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sussan Ekejiuba
- PharmacologyHoward UniversityCollege of MedicineWashingtonDC20059
| | | | | | | | - V. John Massari
- PharmacologyHoward UniversityCollege of MedicineWashingtonDC20059
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49
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Balbir A, Fujii K, Shirahata M. Hypoxic chemotransduction in two strains of mice. FASEB J 2007. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.21.6.a925-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Koichi Fujii
- Johns Hopkins UniversityE7610, 615 N. Wolfe StBaltimoreMD21205
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50
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Balbir A, Okumura M, Schofield B, Coram J, Tankersley CG, Fitzgerald RS, O'Donnell CP, Shirahata M. Genetic regulation of chemoreceptor development in DBA/2J and A/J strains of mice. Adv Exp Med Biol 2006; 580:99-104; discussion 351-9. [PMID: 16683704 DOI: 10.1007/0-387-31311-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Balbir
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Division of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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