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Jurczak P, Fayad N, Benard M, Czaplewska P, Hildebrandt N. Monomer-dimer equilibrium of human cystatin C during internalization into cancer cells. Chembiochem 2024:e202400226. [PMID: 38761032 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Human cystatin C (hCC) is a physiologically important protein that serves as intra- and extracellular cysteine proteinase inhibitor in homeostasis. However, in pathological states it dimerizes and further oligomerizes accumulating into a toxic amyloid. HCC forms an active monomer in the extracellular space and becomes an inactive dimer when internalized in cellular organelles. However, hCC cell penetration and its oligomeric state during this process are not well understood. To determine if and how the oligomeric state influences hCC transmembrane migration, we investigated the internalization of the hCC wild type protein as well as three different mutants, which exclusively exist in the monomeric or multimeric state into HeLa cells via confocal fluorescence microscopy. Our results showed that the preferred pathway was endocytosis and that the oligomeric state did not significantly influence the internalization because both monomeric and dimeric hCC migrated into HeLa cells. Considering the differences of the active monomeric and the passive dimeric states of hCC, our findings contribute to a better understanding of the intra and extra cellular functions of hCC and their interaction with cysteine proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemyslaw Jurczak
- University of Gdańsk, Biomedical Chemistry, Wita Stwosza 63, Gdańsk, POLAND
| | - Nour Fayad
- Universite de Rouen, Laboratoire COBRA, 76000, Rouen, FRANCE
| | | | - Paulina Czaplewska
- University of Gdansk, Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Abrahama 58, 80-307, Gdansk, POLAND
| | - Niko Hildebrandt
- Seoul National University Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, 08826, Seoul, KOREA, DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
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2
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Værøy H, Lahaye E, Dubessy C, Benard M, Nicol M, Cherifi Y, Takhlidjt S, do Rego JL, do Rego JC, Chartrel N, Fetissov SO. Immunoglobulin G is a natural oxytocin carrier which modulates oxytocin receptor signaling: relevance to aggressive behavior in humans. Discov Ment Health 2023; 3:21. [PMID: 37983005 PMCID: PMC10587035 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00048-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Oxytocin is a neuropeptide produced mainly in the hypothalamus and secreted in the CNS and blood. In the brain, it plays a major role in promoting social interactions. Here we show that in human plasma about 60% of oxytocin is naturally bound to IgG which modulates oxytocin receptor signaling. Further, we found that IgG of violent aggressive inmates were characterized by lower affinity for oxytocin, causing decreased oxytocin carrier capacity and reduced receptor activation as compared to men from the general population. Moreover, peripheral administration of oxytocin together with human oxytocin-reactive IgG to resident mice in a resident-intruder test, reduced c-fos activation in several brain regions involved in the regulation of aggressive/defensive behavior correlating with the attack number and duration. We conclude that IgG is a natural oxytocin carrier protein modulating oxytocin receptor signaling which can be relevant to the biological mechanisms of aggressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Værøy
- Department of Psychiatric Research, Akershus University Hospital, 1478, Nordbyhagen, Norway.
| | - Emilie Lahaye
- INSERM 1239, Neuroendocrine, Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, University of Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Christophe Dubessy
- INSERM 1239, Neuroendocrine, Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, University of Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
- INSERM US51, CNRS UAR 2026, Imagine Platform PRIMACEN- HeRacLeS, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Magalie Benard
- INSERM US51, CNRS UAR 2026, Imagine Platform PRIMACEN- HeRacLeS, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Marion Nicol
- INSERM 1239, Neuroendocrine, Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, University of Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Yamina Cherifi
- INSERM 1239, Neuroendocrine, Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, University of Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Saloua Takhlidjt
- INSERM 1239, Neuroendocrine, Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, University of Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Jean-Luc do Rego
- INSERM US51, CNRS UAR 2026, Behavioral Analysis Platform SCAC-HeRacLeS, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Jean-Claude do Rego
- INSERM US51, CNRS UAR 2026, Behavioral Analysis Platform SCAC-HeRacLeS, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Nicolas Chartrel
- INSERM 1239, Neuroendocrine, Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, University of Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France
| | - Sergueï O Fetissov
- INSERM 1239, Neuroendocrine, Endocrine and Germinal Differentiation and Communication Laboratory, University of Rouen Normandie, 76000, Rouen, France.
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3
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Leruez-Ville M, Ren S, Magny JF, Jacquemard F, Couderc S, Garcia P, Maillotte AM, Benard M, Pinquier D, Minodier P, Astruc D, Patural H, Ugolin M, Parat S, Guillois B, Garenne A, Parodi M, Bussières L, Stirnemann J, Sonigo P, Millischer AE, Ville Y. Accuracy of prenatal ultrasound screening to identify fetuses infected by cytomegalovirus which will develop severe long-term sequelae. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 57:97-104. [PMID: 32339337 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the ability of detailed routine ultrasound examination, performed without knowledge of maternal serology and fetal status, with that of targeted prenatal imaging performed in prenatal diagnostic units in cases of known fetal infection to identify cytomegalovirus (CMV)-infected fetuses that will develop long-term sequelae. METHODS All prenatal imaging reports were collected for 255 children with congenital CMV in a registered cohort between 2013 and 2017 (NCT01923636). All women had undergone detailed routine fetal ultrasound examination at 20-24 and 30-34 weeks as part of routine antenatal care. All cases of known fetal CMV infection had also undergone targeted prenatal ultrasound examination. Postnatal structured follow-up for up to 48 months of age involved clinical, audiological and neurological assessment, including Brunet-Lezine scoring. Long-term sequelae (> 12 months) were considered to be mild in cases with isolated unilateral hearing loss and/or vestibular disorders, and severe in cases with bilateral hearing loss and/or neurological sequelae. All imaging reports were analyzed retrospectively with the knowledge of congenital CMV infection, searching for reference to findings that were, or could have been, related to fetal infection. Findings were analyzed in relation to whether the cases were diagnosed with CMV in utero or only postnatally. RESULTS There were 237 children with complete follow-up data (> 12 months), for a median of 24 (range, 12-48) months. Of these, 30% (71/237) were diagnosed with CMV prenatally and 70% (166/237) were diagnosed within 3 weeks after birth. 72.5% (29/40) of children with long-term sequelae, including 74% (14/19) with severe long-term sequelae, were not identified in the prenatal period. Among those diagnosed prenatally, the sensitivity of prenatal imaging for predicting long-term sequelae and severe long-term sequelae was 91% and 100%, respectively, while, in the group diagnosed only postnatally, non-specific infection-related ultrasound findings had been reported without raising suspicion in 48% of cases with long-term sequelae and 64% of those with severe long-term sequelae. CONCLUSIONS Routine detailed ultrasound examination in pregnancy is not an appropriate screening tool for congenital CMV infection that leads to long-term sequelae, in contrast with the high performance of targeted prenatal imaging in known cases of fetal infection. The non-specific nature of ultrasound features of CMV and their evolution, and a lack of awareness of caregivers about congenital CMV, are likely explanations. Awareness of the sonologist regarding congenital CMV and knowledge of the maternal serological status in the first trimester seem key to the performance of prenatal ultrasound. Copyright © 2020 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Leruez-Ville
- EA 73-28, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hospital Necker-E.M., Virology Laboratory, Reference Laboratory for Cytomegalovirus Infections, Paris, France
| | - S Ren
- EA 73-28, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - J-F Magny
- EA 73-28, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hospital Necker-E.M., Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Paris, France
| | - F Jacquemard
- American Hospital of Paris, Prenatal Diagnostic Unit, Neuilly, France
| | - S Couderc
- Hospital Intercommunal Poissy-Saint Germain, Maternity, Poissy, France
| | - P Garcia
- AP-HM, Hospital La Conception, Neonatology and Intensive Care Department, Marseille, France
| | - A-M Maillotte
- CHU Nice, Hospital L'Archet, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Nice, France
| | - M Benard
- Toulouse University Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Toulouse, France
| | - D Pinquier
- Rouen University Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Rouen, France
| | - P Minodier
- AP-HM, Hospital Nord, Emergency Care Department, Marseille, France
| | - D Astruc
- Strasbourg University Hospital, Department of Neonatology, Strasbourg, France
| | - H Patural
- University Hospital, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - M Ugolin
- CHU Rennes and CIC1414, Pediatric Department, Neonatology, Rennes, France
| | - S Parat
- AP-HP, Hospital Cochin, Maternity, Paris, France
| | - B Guillois
- CHU de Caen, Department of Neonatology, Caen, France
- Université Caen Normandie, Medical School, Caen, France
| | - A Garenne
- CHRU Brest, Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Brest, France
| | - M Parodi
- AP-HP, Hospital Necker-E.M., Otology Department, Paris, France
| | - L Bussières
- EA 73-28, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hospital Necker-E.M., Clinical Research Unit, Paris, France
| | - J Stirnemann
- EA 73-28, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hospital Necker-E.M., Maternity, Paris, France
| | - P Sonigo
- AP-HP, Hospital Necker-E.M., Radiology Department, Paris, France
| | - A E Millischer
- AP-HP, Hospital Necker-E.M., Radiology Department, Paris, France
| | - Y Ville
- EA 73-28, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hospital Necker-E.M., Maternity, Paris, France
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4
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Young CNJ, Chira N, Róg J, Al-Khalidi R, Benard M, Galas L, Chan P, Vaudry D, Zablocki K, Górecki DC. Sustained activation of P2X7 induces MMP-2-evoked cleavage and functional purinoceptor inhibition. J Mol Cell Biol 2019; 10:229-242. [PMID: 28992079 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjx030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
P2X7 purinoceptor promotes survival or cytotoxicity depending on extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stimulus intensity controlling its ion channel or P2X7-dependent large pore (LP) functions. Mechanisms governing this operational divergence and functional idiosyncrasy are ill-understood. We have discovered a feedback loop where sustained activation of P2X7 triggers release of active matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), which halts ion channel and LP responses via the MMP-2-dependent receptor cleavage. This mechanism operates in cells as diverse as macrophages, dystrophic myoblasts, P2X7-transfected HEK293, and human tumour cells. Given that serum-born MMP-2 activity also blocked receptor functions, P2X7 responses in vivo may decrease in organs with permeable capillaries. Therefore, this mechanism represents an important fine-tuning of P2X7 functions, reliant on both cell-autonomous and extraneous factors. Indeed, it allowed evasion from the ATP-induced cytotoxicity in macrophages and human cancer cells with high P2X7 expression levels. Finally, we demonstrate that P2X7 ablation eliminated gelatinase activity in inflamed dystrophic muscles in vivo. Thus, P2X7 antagonists could be used as an alternative to highly toxic MMP inhibitors in treatments of inflammatory diseases and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher N J Young
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
| | - Natalia Chira
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Justyna Róg
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur Str., Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rasha Al-Khalidi
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Magalie Benard
- PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, IBiSA and PISSARO Proteomic Platform, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Ludovic Galas
- PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, IBiSA and PISSARO Proteomic Platform, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Philippe Chan
- PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, IBiSA and PISSARO Proteomic Platform, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - David Vaudry
- PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, IBiSA and PISSARO Proteomic Platform, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Krzysztof Zablocki
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism, Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Pasteur Str., Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz C Górecki
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
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5
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Cubi R, Vembar SS, Biton A, Franetich J, Bordessoulles M, Sossau D, Zanghi G, Bosson‐Vanga H, Benard M, Moreno A, Dereuddre‐Bosquet N, Le Grand R, Scherf A, Mazier D. Laser capture microdissection enables transcriptomic analysis of dividing and quiescent liver stages of Plasmodium relapsing species. Cell Microbiol 2017; 19:e12735. [PMID: 28256794 PMCID: PMC5516136 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Dormant liver stage forms (hypnozoites) of the malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax present major hurdles to control and eradicate infection. Despite major research efforts, the molecular composition of hypnozoites remains ill defined. Here, we applied a combination of state-of-the-art technologies to generate the first transcriptome of hypnozoites. We developed a robust laser dissection microscopy protocol to isolate individual Plasmodium cynomolgi hypnozoites and schizonts from infected monkey hepatocytes and optimized RNA-seq analysis to obtain the first transcriptomes of these stages. Comparative transcriptomic analysis identified 120 transcripts as being differentially expressed in the hypnozoite stage relative to the dividing liver schizont, with 69 and 51 mRNAs being up- or down-regulated, respectively, in the hypnozoites. This lead to the identification of potential markers of commitment to and maintenance of the dormant state of the hypnozoite including three transcriptional regulators of the ApiAP2 family, one of which is unique to P. cynomolgi and P. vivax, and the global translational repressor, eIF2a kinase eIK2, all of which are upregulated in the hypnozoite. Together, this work not only provides a primary experimentally-derived list of molecular markers of hypnozoites but also identifies transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression as potentially being key to establishing and maintaining quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Cubi
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CNRS ERL8255, INSERM U1135Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
| | - Shruthi S. Vembar
- Unité Biologie des Interactions Hôte‐Parasite—Institut PasteurParisFrance
- CNRS ERL 9195ParisFrance
- INSERM U1201ParisFrance
| | - Anne Biton
- Centre de BioinformatiqueBiostatistique et Biologie Intégrative (C3BI, USR 3756 Institut Pasteur et CNRS)ParisFrance
| | - Jean‐Francois Franetich
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CNRS ERL8255, INSERM U1135Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
| | - Mallaury Bordessoulles
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CNRS ERL8255, INSERM U1135Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
| | - Daniel Sossau
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CNRS ERL8255, INSERM U1135Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
- Department of DermatologyEberhard Karls UniversityTübingenGermany
| | - Gigliola Zanghi
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CNRS ERL8255, INSERM U1135Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
| | - Henriette Bosson‐Vanga
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CNRS ERL8255, INSERM U1135Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
| | | | - Alicia Moreno
- AP‐HP, Hôpital St. AntoineService de Parasitologie‐Mycologie75012ParisFrance
| | - Nathalie Dereuddre‐Bosquet
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune DiseasesCEA—Université Paris Sud 1—INSERM U1184Fontenay‐aux‐RosesFrance
| | - Roger Le Grand
- Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune DiseasesCEA—Université Paris Sud 1—INSERM U1184Fontenay‐aux‐RosesFrance
| | - Artur Scherf
- Unité Biologie des Interactions Hôte‐Parasite—Institut PasteurParisFrance
- CNRS ERL 9195ParisFrance
- INSERM U1201ParisFrance
| | - Dominique Mazier
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses, CNRS ERL8255, INSERM U1135Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06ParisFrance
- AP‐HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié‐Salpêtrière, Service Parasitologie‐MycologieParisFrance
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6
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Zahid A, Despres J, Benard M, Nguema-Ona E, Leprince J, Vaudry D, Rihouey C, Vicré-Gibouin M, Driouich A, Follet-Gueye ML. Arabinogalactan Proteins From Baobab and Acacia Seeds Influence Innate Immunity of Human Keratinocytes In Vitro. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2558-2568. [PMID: 27736003 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Plant derived arabinogalactan proteins (AGP) were repeatedly confirmed as immunologically as well as dermatologically active compounds. However, little is currently known regarding their potential activity toward skin innate immunity. Here, we extracted and purified AGP from acacia (Acacia senegal) and baobab (Adansonia digitata) seeds to investigate their biological effects on the HaCaT keratinocyte cell line in an in vitro system. While AGP from both sources did not exhibit any cytotoxic effect, AGP from acacia seeds enhanced cell viability. Moreover, real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that AGP extracted from both species induced a substantial overexpression of hBD-2, TLR-5, and IL1-α genes. These data suggest that plant AGP, already known to control plant defensive processes, could also modulate skin innate immune responses. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 2558-2568, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrakib Zahid
- Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, et Innovation (VASI), GDR CNRS 3711 COSM'ACTIFS, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Julie Despres
- Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, et Innovation (VASI), GDR CNRS 3711 COSM'ACTIFS, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.,BioEurope, Groupe SOLABIA, Anet, France
| | - Magalie Benard
- Cell Imaging Platform (PRIMACEN-IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Eric Nguema-Ona
- Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, et Innovation (VASI), GDR CNRS 3711 COSM'ACTIFS, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Jerome Leprince
- Cell Imaging Platform (PRIMACEN-IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.,Laboratoire de Différenciation et Communication Neuronale et Neuroendocrine INSERM U982, IRIB, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - David Vaudry
- Cell Imaging Platform (PRIMACEN-IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.,Laboratoire de Différenciation et Communication Neuronale et Neuroendocrine INSERM U982, IRIB, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Christophe Rihouey
- Unite Mixte de Recherche 6270 CNRS-Laboratory "Polymères, Biopolymères, Surfaces", Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Maité Vicré-Gibouin
- Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, et Innovation (VASI), GDR CNRS 3711 COSM'ACTIFS, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Azeddine Driouich
- Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, et Innovation (VASI), GDR CNRS 3711 COSM'ACTIFS, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.,Cell Imaging Platform (PRIMACEN-IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Marie-Laure Follet-Gueye
- Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Végétal, Agronomie, Sol, et Innovation (VASI), GDR CNRS 3711 COSM'ACTIFS, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.,Cell Imaging Platform (PRIMACEN-IRIB), Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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7
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Raignoux J, Benard M, Huo Yung Kai S, Dicky O, Berrebi A, Bibet L, Chetouani AS, Marty N, Cavalie L, Casper C, Assouline-Azogui C. Test de dépistage rapide intra partum du portage vaginal de streptocoque du groupe B (SGB) pour le repérage des nouveau-nés à risque d’infection néonatale précoce à SGB. Étude observationnelle analytique dans une maternité de type III. Arch Pediatr 2016; 23:899-907. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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8
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Leca J, Secq V, Nigri J, Martinez S, Rubis M, Lavaut MN, Dusetti N, Loncle C, Garcia S, Chan P, Benard M, Iovanna JL, Brun C, Vasseur S, Tomasini R. Abstract B06: Impact of intratumoral microenvironment and epithelial cells crosstalk in pancreatic carcinogenesis. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.panca2014-b06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a cancer particularly resistant to current therapies. One possible reason consists in its cellular composition that limits access to drugs. Indeed, non-tumor cells, mainly activated fibroblasts (stellate cells) and immune cells, display 80% of the tumor mass composing the microenvironment or stroma. The stellate cells have the ability to secrete a lot of protein and extensive amounts of extracellular matrix which contributes to the formation of a fibrotic shield around epithelial cells, making those tumors highly hypoxic. Despite these knowledge the precise role of stromal components, and specifically stellate cells, in PDAC is poorly understood. In order to develop a simultaneous therapy targeting both tumoral and stromal cells, we investigate specific molecules implicated in the dialogue between those compartments to analyze their impact on pancreatic carcinogenesis.
In this study, we used a laser microdissection approach of human PDAC stromal and epithelial compartment, followed by mass spectrometry and bioinformatics analysis (statistics/interactome) to compare protein composition and networks within both compartments. We found the presence of a proteic complex composed of three proteins, expressed only in stromal compartment, related to lipid and intracellular trafficking. To validate such data, we confirmed the specific stromal expression of each protein, on human PDAC samples, and found that our three targets were expressed mainly in stellate cells. However before to investigate the dialogue between epithelial and stromal cells, we designed an in vitro model, based on co-culture of stromal cells: immune and stellate cells, which take into account the multi-cellular composition of such tumors and added PDAC relevant metabolic stresses: hypoxia and nutrient starvation. To improve our model, we used primary stellate cells that we extracted from freshly resected human PDAC tumor pieces. We added pancreatic tumoral cells in our model to investigate dialogue between stromal and tumoral cells. Our data show that under nutrient and hypoxic stresses, co-cultures from stellate and immune cells provide a proliferative and pro-migratory advantage to tumor cells. Moreover, and only in these same specific condition, the proteic complex identified is formed in stellate cells. So, we hypothesized that a specific “lipid related process” is developed by stellate cells in order to subvert the metabolically deprivated tumor cell.
To confirm such hypothesis, we designed shRNA against the three components of the complex to impair its formation and activity. Interestingly, we showed in vitro that, decreased expression of one protein can destabilize the complex in stellate cells and impair the proliferative and pro-migratory advantages to tumor cells. In parallel, in vivo, we designed an intra-pancreatic co-injection model of tumor and stromal cells in mice. Our experiments suggest that co-injection of stellate cells with tumoral cells increases tumorigenesis, an advantage which is lost if we co-inject stellate cells that carry a shRNA against anyone of the three targets. This is correlated with a decreased survival of tumoral cells within those tumors, stained for apoptotic and proliferative markers as wells as measured for their necrotic areas.
At present, in order to confirm this protein complex as a potential therapeutic target as adjuvant to Gemcitabine or Folfirinox, we need to deepen the mechanisms of communication between stellate and tumoral cells and more specifically its impact on exosome processes. Altogether, our data suggest that if we prevent aids setting up by stellate cell, through destabilization of this complex within stellate cells, it could sensitize tumor cells by decreasing their survival abilities and certainly enhances their response to chemotherapies (under investigation).
Citation Format: Julie Leca, Véronique Secq, Jérémy Nigri, Sébastien Martinez, Marion Rubis, Marie Noelle Lavaut, Nelson Dusetti, Céline Loncle, Stéphane Garcia, Philippe Chan, Magalie Benard, Juan Lucio Iovanna, Christine Brun, Sophie Vasseur, Richard Tomasini. Impact of intratumoral microenvironment and epithelial cells crosstalk in pancreatic carcinogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Innovations in Research and Treatment; May 18-21, 2014; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(13 Suppl):Abstract nr B06.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Leca
- 1Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France,
| | - Véronique Secq
- 1Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France,
| | - Jérémy Nigri
- 1Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France,
| | | | - Marion Rubis
- 1Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France,
| | | | - Nelson Dusetti
- 1Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France,
| | - Céline Loncle
- 1Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France,
| | - Stéphane Garcia
- 2Laboratoire d’anatomie pathologique - Hopital Nord, Marseille, France,
| | | | | | | | | | - Sophie Vasseur
- 1Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Marseille, France,
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Langlois L, Meleine M, Ouelaa W, Caremel R, Bridoux V, Benard M, Dechelotte P, Ducrotte P, Grise P, Leroi AM, Gourcerol G. Acute sacral nerve stimulation reduces visceral mechanosensitivity in Rat through spinal opioid pathway. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015; 27:816-23. [PMID: 25808214 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is an alternative surgical treatment of refractory urge incontinence and/or fecal incontinence. Despite its clinical efficacy, the mechanisms of action of SNS remain poorly understood. The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effect of SNS on visceral mechanosensitivity in rats. METHODS Anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with SNS or sham stimulation. SNS was performed by implanting an electrode close to the sacral nerve root S1. Rats were administered either a non-selective opioid receptor antagonist (naloxone) or a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L-NAME). Colonic mechanosensitivity was evaluated using the variation of arterial blood pressure as a spino-bulbar reflex in response to graded isobaric colorectal distension (CRD). C-fos immunoreactive neurons were quantified in spinal and supraspinal sites. μ-opioid receptor (MOR) internalization was counted in the sacral spinal cord with sham or effective SNS in response to CRD. KEY RESULTS SNS reduced visceral mechanosensitivity in response to CRD. This effect was reversed by intrathecal and intraveinous naloxone administration. In both models, CRD induced increased c-fos immunoreactivity in the dorsal horn neurons of the sacral spinal cord and supraspinal areas. This increase was prevented by SNS. MOR internalization was significantly higher in stimulated group. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES SNS impacts on visceral mechanosensitivity by decreasing the spino-bulbar reflex in response to CRD. Spinal opioid receptors are likely involved in this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Langlois
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France
| | - M Meleine
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France
| | - W Ouelaa
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France
| | - R Caremel
- Department of Urology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - V Bridoux
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France.,Department of Digestive Surgery, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - M Benard
- Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN), Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - P Dechelotte
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France
| | - P Ducrotte
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France.,Department of Gastroenterology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - P Grise
- Department of Urology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - A M Leroi
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France.,Department of Physiology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - G Gourcerol
- Nutrition, Gut & Brain Unit (INSERM U1073), Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Rouen University, Rouen, France.,Department of Physiology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
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Benard M, Straat K, Omarsdottir S, Leghmari K, Bertrand J, Davrinche C, Duga-Neulat I, Söderberg-Nauclér C, Rahbar A, Casper C. Human cytomegalovirus infection induces leukotriene B4 and 5-lipoxygenase expression in human placentae and umbilical vein endothelial cells. Placenta 2014; 35:345-50. [PMID: 24746852 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) can cause congenital infection with risk of neurological disability. Maternal-fetal transmission is associated with placental inflammation. 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of Leukotrienes (LTs), which are proinflammatory mediators. This study investigated the effect of HCMV infection on 5-LO expression and Leukotriene-B4 (LTB4) induction in human placentae and umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). METHODS Seven placentae from fetuses with congenital HCMV infection and brain damage and six controls were stained with HCMV-immediate-early-antigen (HCMV-IEA) and 5-LO by immunohistochemistry. 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) and LTB4 were measured in culture supernatant from ex vivo HCMV-infected placental histocultures by liquid chromatography. In vitro, HCMV infected HUVEC cells were analyzed for 5-LO mRNA and protein expression by real time PCR and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS HCMV-IEA was abundant in all HCMV infected placentae but absent in control placentae. 5-LO expression was higher in endothelial and smooth muscle cells of HCMV-infected placentae, compared to control placentae. HCMV infection induced an up-regulation of LTB4 in ex vivo placental explants with higher levels of LTB4 at 72 h compared to controls (p = 0.002). In vitro, 5-LO transcript and protein expression were significantly induced in HCMV-infected HUVEC, compared to the control cultures (p = 0.036). CONCLUSION The presence of HCMV coincided with high 5-LO expression in cells of in vivo HCMV infected placentae. HCMV induced up-regulation of 5-LO in both ex vivo HCMV-infected placental explants and HUVEC. HCMV induced LT-biosynthesis in congenitally infected placentae may have a role in pathogenesis of congenital HCMV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Benard
- INSERM UMR 1043, Hospital Purpan, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse 31024, France; Neonatal Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse 31059, France
| | - K Straat
- Department of Medicine, Solna Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Omarsdottir
- Department of Medicine, Solna Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Leghmari
- INSERM UMR 1043, Hospital Purpan, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse 31024, France
| | - J Bertrand
- INSERM UMR U1048, I2MC, Hospital Purpan, Toulouse 31432, France
| | - C Davrinche
- INSERM UMR 1043, Hospital Purpan, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse 31024, France
| | - I Duga-Neulat
- Department of Anatomopathology, Hospital Purpan, Toulouse 31059, France
| | - C Söderberg-Nauclér
- Department of Medicine, Solna Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Rahbar
- Department of Medicine, Solna Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - C Casper
- INSERM UMR 1043, Hospital Purpan, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse 31024, France; Neonatal Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse 31059, France; Department of Medicine, Solna Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Peter WF, Tilbury C, Tordoir R, Verdegaal SH, Onstenk R, Benard M, Vehmeijer SB, van der Linden-Zwaag EM, Nelissen RG, VlietVlieland TP. FRI0599-HPR Preoperative physical therapy in total hip and knee replacement surgery: a multi center study. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.1726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Mengelle C, Mansuy JM, Prere MF, Grouteau E, Claudet I, Kamar N, Huynh A, Plat G, Benard M, Marty N, Valentin A, Berry A, Izopet J. Simultaneous detection of gastrointestinal pathogens with a multiplex Luminex-based molecular assay in stool samples from diarrhoeic patients. Clin Microbiol Infect 2013; 19:E458-65. [PMID: 23714194 DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We have evaluated the multiplex molecular method xTAG(®) Gastrointestinal Panel (GPP) for detecting pathogens in stool samples of diarrhoeic patients. We collected 440 samples from 329 patients (male:female ratio of 1.2:1), including 102 immunosuppressed adults, 50 immunosuppressed children, 56 children attending the neonatal unit and 121 children attending the emergency unit. Of these, 176 samples from 162 patients were xTAG(®) GPP positive (102 viruses, 61 bacteria and 13 parasites) and the assay was more sensitive than the conventional test for detecting rotavirus (p <0.01), noroviruses (p <0.0001), Salmonella spp. (p <0.001), Campylobacter spp. (p <0.001) and toxigenic Clostridium difficile (p 0.005). The predominant pathogens were viruses (23.2%), with rotavirus (15.9%) being the most common. Bacterial agents were detected in 13.9%; the most common was Salmonella spp. (4.8%). Parasites were detected in 2.9%; Cryptosporidium spp. (2%) was the most common. There were 31 co-infections (7% of samples), involving two pathogens in 23 (5.2%) and three pathogens in eight (1.8%) samples. There were 113 (92.6%) positive samples from the children attending the emergency unit, 25 (17%) positive samples from immunosuppressed adults, 22 (25.3%) positive samples from immunosuppressed children and 16 (19%) positive samples from children attending the neonatal unit. The low turnaround time and technical hands-on time make this multiplex technique convenient for routine use. Nevertheless, conventional bacterial culture and parasitological stool examination are still required to detect other pathogens in specific cases and to determine susceptibility to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mengelle
- Department of Virology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
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Benard M. DETERMINATION OF REPEATABILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY OF EBC ACCEPTED METHODS-II PALE MALT COLOUR, HOPS, SOLID ADJUNCTS. Journal of the Institute of Brewing 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1993.tb01161.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Benard M. DETERMINATION OF REPEATABILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY OF EBC ACCEPTED METHODS IV-COLOURED MALTS. Journal of the Institute of Brewing 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2050-0416.1997.tb00944.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Paniagua D, Jiménez L, Romero C, Vergara I, Calderón A, Benard M, Bernas MJ, Rilo H, de Roodt A, D' Suze G, Witte MH, Boyer L, Alagón A. Lymphatic route of transport and pharmacokinetics of Micrurus fulvius (coral snake) venom in sheep. Lymphology 2012; 45:144-153. [PMID: 23700761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of the lymphatic system to the absorption and systemic bioavailability of Micrurus fulvius venom after subcutaneous (SC) administration was assessed using a central lymph-cannulated sheep model. Micrurus fulvius venom was administered either by intravenous bolus (IV) or subcutaneous injection (SC) in 12 sheep with and without thoracic duct cannulation and drainage. Venom concentration in serum and lymph was determined by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in samples collected over a 6-hour period and in tissues harvested at the end of the experiment. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by a non-compartmental analysis. In the lymphatic cannulated group, over the 6 hours after the venom was administered, 69% of administered dose was accounted for in blood (45%) and lymph (25%). Negligible levels of venom were detected in organs and urine implying that the steady state observed after SC administration is maintained by a slow absorption process. Comparison of kinetics of the thoracic duct cannulated and non-cannulated groups showed that lymphatic absorption contributed in an important way to maintenance of this steady state. These results show that the limiting process in the pharmacokinetics of Micrurus fulvius venom following SC administration is absorption, and that the lymphatic system plays a key role in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Paniagua
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, México
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Gouerant S, Mareschal S, Picquenot J, Berghian A, Cornic M, Choussy O, Benard M, Di Fiore F, Jardin F, Clatot F. Hypoxia and Metabolism Gene Expression Profile Predicts Poor Survival in Head and Neck Carcinoma. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)33588-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Lopez H, Benard M, Saint-Aubert E, Baron M, Martin H, Al Saati T, Plantavid M, Duga-Neulat I, Berrebi A, Cristini C, Arnaud C, Davrinche C, Davignon JL, Casper C. Novel model of placental tissue explants infected by cytomegalovirus reveals different permissiveness in early and term placentae and inhibition of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity. Placenta 2011; 32:522-30. [PMID: 21605903 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2011.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 04/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is the most common cause of viral intrauterine infection. Placental infection suggests hematogenous spread and permissiveness may vary according to the age of pregnancy. We set up and investigate permissivity of early and term placenta to HCMV with an ex vivo model of placental histocultures and evaluate the activity profile of IDO. Fourteen first trimester placentae were obtained following elective abortion and twelve term placentae after elective caesarean section. Fresh placental chorionic villi were isolated, washed and distributed on collagen sponge gels after overnight incubation with the virus. The culture medium was collected and fresh medium renewed regularly. Histology and immunohistochemistry showed preserved villous integrity in cultured placental histocultures. Infection could be seen in tissue sections of both early and term placentae, although early placentae were more permissive. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is highly expressed in the placenta and is known to prevent maternal immune rejection. Constitutive IDO activity was higher in early, compared to term placentae and HCMV infection inhibited IDO activity in early placentae. IFN-γ-induced IDO activity was suppressed by HCMV in both early and term placentae. Our work shows a novel method of placenta organ culture. Our findings suggest that HCMV infects early placentae more strongly than term placentae. Early placental dysfunction through the inhibition of IDO activity may reveal a possible mechanism for miscarriages.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lopez
- INSERM U1043, Hospital Purpan, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
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Verkaik NJ, Benard M, Boelens HA, de Vogel CP, Nouwen JL, Verbrugh HA, Melles DC, van Belkum A, van Wamel WJB. Immune evasion cluster-positive bacteriophages are highly prevalent among human Staphylococcus aureus strains, but they are not essential in the first stages of nasal colonization. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17:343-8. [PMID: 20370801 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03227.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The Staphylococcus aureus immune evasion cluster (IEC), located on β-haemolysin-converting bacteriophages (βC-Φs), encodes the immune-modulating proteins chemotaxis inhibitory protein, staphylococcal complement inhibitor (SCIN), staphylococcal enterotoxin A and staphylokinase. Its precise role in S. aureus colonization is unclear. We studied the presence of the IEC-carrying bacteriophages in human and animal S. aureus isolates, using PCR for the gene encoding SCIN (scn). Human isolates were obtained by collecting serial nasal swabs from 21 persistent carriers. S. aureus strains from 19 (90%) persistent carriers contained an IEC that was present and indistinguishable in 95% of cases at all five sampling moments over a 3-month period. Of the 77 infectious animal strains included in the study, only 26 strains (34%) were IEC-positive. Integration of these IEC-positive strains into an amplified fragment length polymorphism genotype database showed that 24 of 53 (45%) strains were human-associated and only two of 24 (8%) were 'true' animal isolates (p < 0.001). The high prevalence and stability of IEC-carrying βC-Φs in human strains suggested a role for these βC-Φs in human nasal colonization. To test this hypothesis, 23 volunteers were colonized artificially with S. aureus strain NCTC 8325-4 with or without the IEC type B-carrying βC-Φ13. Intranasal survival was monitored for 28 days after inoculation. The strain harbouring βC-Φ13 was eliminated significantly faster (median 4 days; range 1-14 days) than the strain without βC-Φ13 (median 14 days; range 2-28 days; p 0.011). In conclusion, although IEC-carrying βC-Φs are highly prevalent among human colonizing S. aureus strains, they are not essential in the first stages of S. aureus nasal colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- N J Verkaik
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Montero-Hadjadje M, Elias S, Chevalier L, Benard M, Tanguy Y, Turquier V, Galas L, Yon L, Malagon MM, Driouich A, Gasman S, Anouar Y. Chromogranin A promotes peptide hormone sorting to mobile granules in constitutively and regulated secreting cells: role of conserved N- and C-terminal peptides. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:12420-31. [PMID: 19179339 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m805607200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromogranin A (CgA) has been proposed to play a major role in the formation of dense-core secretory granules (DCGs) in neuroendocrine cells. Here, we took advantage of unique features of the frog CgA (fCgA) to assess the role of this granin and its potential functional determinants in hormone sorting during DCG biogenesis. Expression of fCgA in the constitutively secreting COS-7 cells induced the formation of mobile vesicular structures, which contained cotransfected peptide hormones. The fCgA and the hormones coexpressed in the newly formed vesicles could be released in a regulated manner. The N- and C-terminal regions of fCgA, which exhibit remarkable sequence conservation with their mammalian counterparts were found to be essential for the formation of the mobile DCG-like structures in COS-7 cells. Expression of fCgA in the corticotrope AtT20 cells increased pro-opiomelanocortin levels in DCGs, whereas the expression of N- and C-terminal deletion mutants provoked retention of the hormone in the Golgi area. Furthermore, fCgA, but not its truncated forms, promoted pro-opiomelanocortin sorting to the regulated secretory pathway. These data demonstrate that CgA has the intrinsic capacity to induce the formation of mobile secretory granules and to promote the sorting and release of peptide hormones. The conserved terminal peptides are instrumental for these activities of CgA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maité Montero-Hadjadje
- Equipe Associée 4310 Neuronal and Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Communication, INSERM U413, European Institute for Peptide Research (IFRMP 23), France
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LeRoy H, Zuliani T, Vaudry D, Ould-Aklouche M, Obriot H, Benard M, Formstecher P, Polakowska R. Epidermal growth factor receptor distinguishes between stem and transient amplifying cell fate in squamous cell carcinoma cell line. EJC Suppl 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(08)71260-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Paganin F, Poubeau P, Davy N, Khelif D, Lassalarié J, Noël J, Leroux F, Benard M, Amat C, Arvin-Berod C. 205 Cancers primitifs bronchiques à l’Île de la Réunion : évolution épidémiologique des années 2000 à 2005. Rev Mal Respir 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(07)72581-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Falluel-Morel A, Vaudry D, Aubert N, Galas L, Benard M, Basille M, Fontaine M, Fournier A, Vaudry H, Gonzalez BJ. PACAP and ceramides exert opposite effects on migration, neurite outgrowth, and cytoskeleton remodeling. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 1070:265-70. [PMID: 16888176 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1317.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
During brain development, cells that fail to reach their final destination or to establish proper connections are eliminated. It has been shown that the proinflammatory cytokine second messenger ceramides and the neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) play pivotal roles in the histogenesis of the cerebellum. However, little is known regarding the effects of these two factors on cerebellar granule cell migration. We have found that PACAP prevents the effects of C2-ceramide on granule cell motility and neurite outgrowth. These actions are attributable to opposite effects on actin distribution, tubulin polymerization, and Tau phosphorylation. These data suggest that PACAP and factors inducing ceramide production may control granule cell migration during cerebellar development.
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Jauneau AC, Ischenko A, Chatagner A, Benard M, Chan P, Schouft MT, Patte C, Vaudry H, Fontaine M. Interleukin-1beta and anaphylatoxins exert a synergistic effect on NGF expression by astrocytes. J Neuroinflammation 2006; 3:8. [PMID: 16594997 PMCID: PMC1482689 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-3-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2005] [Accepted: 04/04/2006] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
C3a and C5a anaphylatoxins are proinflammatory polypeptides released during complement activation. They exert their biological activities through interaction with two G protein-coupled receptors named C3aR and C5aR, respectively. In the brain, these receptors are expressed on glial cells, and some recent data have suggested that anaphylatoxins could mediate neuroprotection. In this study, we used RT-PCR and ribonuclease protection assays (RPA) to investigate the role of anaphylatoxins on neurotrophin expression by the human glioblastoma cell line T98G and by rat astrocytes. Our data show that for both cell types, anaphylatoxins upregulate expression of NGF mRNA. This response depended on a G protein-coupled pathway since pre-treatment of cells with pertussis toxin (PTX) completely blocked NGF mRNA increases. This effect was anaphylatoxin-specific since pre-incubation with anti-C3a or anti-C5aR antibodies abolished the effects of C3a and C5a, respectively. The regulation of NGF mRNA by anaphylatoxins was not accompanied by translation into protein expression, but there was a significant synergic effect of anaphylatoxins/IL-1b costimulation. Our demonstration of involvement of anaphylatoxins in the NGF release process by astrocytes suggests that C3a and C5a could modulate neuronal survival in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-christine Jauneau
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Multidisciplinaire sur les Peptides n°23, INSERM U413, Faculté des Sciences, 76130 Mont-St-Aignan, France
| | - Alexander Ischenko
- Research Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexandra Chatagner
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Multidisciplinaire sur les Peptides n°23, INSERM U413, Faculté des Sciences, 76130 Mont-St-Aignan, France
| | - Magalie Benard
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Multidisciplinaire sur les Peptides n°23, INSERM U413, Faculté des Sciences, 76130 Mont-St-Aignan, France
| | - Philippe Chan
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Multidisciplinaire sur les Peptides n°23, INSERM U413, Faculté des Sciences, 76130 Mont-St-Aignan, France
| | - Marie-therese Schouft
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Multidisciplinaire sur les Peptides n°23, INSERM U413, Faculté des Sciences, 76130 Mont-St-Aignan, France
| | - Christine Patte
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Multidisciplinaire sur les Peptides n°23, INSERM U413, Faculté des Sciences, 76130 Mont-St-Aignan, France
| | - Hubert Vaudry
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Multidisciplinaire sur les Peptides n°23, INSERM U413, Faculté des Sciences, 76130 Mont-St-Aignan, France
| | - Marc Fontaine
- Institut Fédératif de Recherche Multidisciplinaire sur les Peptides n°23, INSERM U413, Faculté des Sciences, 76130 Mont-St-Aignan, France
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Falluel-Morel A, Vaudry D, Aubert N, Galas L, Benard M, Basille M, Fontaine M, Fournier A, Vaudry H, Gonzalez BJ. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide prevents the effects of ceramides on migration, neurite outgrowth, and cytoskeleton remodeling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:2637-42. [PMID: 15695581 PMCID: PMC549011 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0409681102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2004] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
During neuronal migration, cells that do not reach their normal destination or fail to establish proper connections are eliminated through an apoptotic process. Recent studies have shown that the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (and its second messengers ceramides) and the neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) play a pivotal role in the histogenesis of the cerebellar cortex. However, the effects of ceramides and PACAP on migration of cerebellar granule cells have never been investigated. Time-lapse videomicroscopy recording showed that C2-ceramide, a cell-permeable ceramide analog, and PACAP induced opposite effects on cell motility and neurite outgrowth. C2-ceramide markedly stimulated cell movements during the first hours of treatment and inhibited neuritogenesis, whereas PACAP reduced cell migration and promoted neurite outgrowth. These actions of C2-ceramide on cell motility and neurite outgrowth were accompanied by a disorganization of the actin filament network, depolarization of tubulin, and alteration of the microtubule-associated protein Tau. In contrast, PACAP strengthened the polarization of actin at the emergence cone, increased Tau phosphorylation, and abolished C2-ceramide-evoked alterations of the cytoskeletal architecture. The caspase-inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK, like PACAP, suppressed the "dance of the death" provoked by C2-ceramide. Finally, Z-VAD-FMK and the PP2A inhibitor okadaic acid both prevented the impairment of Tau phosphorylation induced by C2-ceramide. Taken together, these data indicate that the reverse actions of C2-ceramide and PACAP on cerebellar granule cell motility and neurite outgrowth are attributable to their opposite effects on actin distribution, tubulin polymerization, and Tau phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Falluel-Morel
- European Institute for Peptide Research (Institut Fédératif de Recherches Multidisciplinares sur les Peptides 23), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U413, University of Rouen, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
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Daveau M, Benard M, Scotte M, Schouft MT, Hiron M, Francois A, Salier JP, Fontaine M. Expression of a functional C5a receptor in regenerating hepatocytes and its involvement in a proliferative signaling pathway in rat. J Immunol 2004; 173:3418-24. [PMID: 15322206 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.173.5.3418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the complement system generates the anaphylatoxin C5a whose activities are mediated through its binding to the widely expressed C5aR. C5aR mRNA and protein expressions are known to be induced in rat hepatocytes under inflammatory conditions. However, little is known about the role of the C5a/C5aR complex in liver and its involvement during a proliferative process. We have evaluated the expression of C5aR in regenerating rat hepatocytes following a partial hepatectomy and in hepatocyte cultures. C5aR induction was observed in hepatocytes from regenerating liver, as well as in normal hepatocytes under a culture-induced stress. The effect of a stimulation by a C5a agonist upon the synthesis of a growth factor/receptor pair (hepatocyte growth factor/c-Met) was also evaluated. Our data demonstrated an up-regulated expression of hepatocyte growth factor and c-Met mRNAs, but we failed to observe a direct mitogenic effect of C5a in culture. However, a significantly increased expression of cyclin E and D1mRNA levels, as well as an increased BrdU incorporation, were observed in rats given an i.v. C5a agonist injection following an 80% partial hepatectomy. These studies demonstrate for the first time that: 1) C5aR is up-regulated during liver regeneration, 2) the binding of C5a to C5aR promotes a growth response, and 3) C5aR is involved in a cell cycle signaling pathway. Taken together, these findings point to a novel role for the hepatic C5aR implicating this complement system in the context of normal or abnormal proliferative pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryvonne Daveau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unit 519, Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, Rouen, France
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Baert F, Guelzim A, Poblet JM, Wiest R, Demuynck J, Benard M. Dynamic, static, and theoretical electron deformation density for binuclear transition-metal complexes: dicobalt hexacarbonyl acetylene. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic00231a024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Benard M, Coppens P, DeLucia ML, Stevens ED. Experimental and theoretical electron density analysis of metal-metal bonding in dichromium tetraacetate. Inorg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ic50209a021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
We have developed a transient expression system for the protist Physarum polycephalum based on firefly luciferase. We demonstrate the utility of this system for comparing the activities of different promoters in Physarum amoebae, and also for detecting genetic elements that affect the level of gene expression. This system is likely to facilitate improvements in the stable transformation of this organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bailey
- Genetics Department, University of Leicester, UK
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Abstract
Eukaryotic genes are usually replicated early during S-phase in the cell lineages in which they are expressed. Using partially characterized cDNA probes, we recently established two exceptions to this rule in the slime mold Physarum polycephalum. In this paper, we analyzed the structure and the identity of one of these two genes. By genomic cloning and Southern analysis we demonstrate that it is a single-copy gene and decipher the structure of the two alleles by taking advantage of a restriction fragment length polymorphism. By cDNA cloning and sequencing, we deduced the amino acid coding capacity of the mRNA. Finally, we confirmed the late replication of this abundantly expressed gene by "gene dosage" analysis, an experiment that did not require any drug treatment of the cell. Our results provide for the characterization and the structure of the first developmentally regulated gene known to be replicated late in S-phase and abundantly expressed within a eukaryotic cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Benard
- Laboratoire de Biologie, UPR 272-CNRS, Villejuif, France
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Abstract
Taking advantage of the natural synchrony of the S-phase within the plasmodium of Physarum polycephalum, we extracted highly synchronous DNA samples at precise time points in early S-phase. We then separated, by electrophoresis under denaturating conditions, the newly synthesized DNA strands of the nascent chromosomal replicons from the parental DNA template. Using the cDNA clone of the early-replicating LAV1-2 gene as a probe, we could establish by filter hybridization that the elongation rate of the replicon which encompasses this gene is constant, at a rate of 1 kb/min during the first 30 min of S-phase. The smallest replication intermediate (RI) that we have detected by probing with the LAV1-2 cDNA was 5 kb long, suggesting that the LAV1-2 gene and its origin of replication are closely associated within the chromosome. This procedure should facilitate the mapping of replication origins within the genome of Physarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Benard
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Ultrastructure du Noyau, Institut de Recherches Scientifiques sur le Cancer, Villejuif, France
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Pierron G, Benard M, Puvion E, Flanagan R, Sauer HW, Pallotta D. Replication timing of 10 developmentally regulated genes in Physarum polycephalum. Nucleic Acids Res 1989; 17:553-66. [PMID: 2915922 PMCID: PMC331603 DOI: 10.1093/nar/17.2.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We have tested the hypothesis which stipulates that only early-replicating genes are capable of expression. Within one cell type of Physarum - the plasmodium - we defined the temporal order of replication of 10 genes which were known to be variably expressed in 4 different developmental stages of the Physarum life cycle. Southern analysis of density-labeled, bromodesoxyuridine-substituted DNA reveals that 4 genes presumably inactive within the plasmodium, were not restricted to any temporal compartment of S-phase: 1 is replicated in early S-phase, 2 in mid S-phase and 1 in late S-phase. On the other hand, 4 out of 6 active genes analysed are duplicated early, with the first 30% of the genome. Surprisingly, the two others active genes are replicated late in S-phase. By gene-dosage analysis, based on quantitation of hybridization signals from early and late replicating genes throughout S-phase, we could pinpoint the replication of one of these two genes at a stage where 80-85% of the genome has duplicated. Our results demonstrate that late replication during S-phase does not preclude gene activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pierron
- Institut de Recherches Scientifiques sur le Cancer, Villejuif, France
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Grounauer P, Benard M, Gartmann D, Van Toi V. Traitement automatique par computer du signal ERG. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 1988. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1050135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Darbord JC, Brion F, Benard M. [Microbiological verification of the cleanliness of the hands in surgery (author's transl)]. Nouv Presse Med 1978; 7:917-20. [PMID: 643558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A technique for sampling organisms on the hands, the so-called "disc method" was tested in three surgical departments, in parallel with the classical method of direct finger print on a gel medium. The respective value of 6 products for washing the hands was assessed in order to demonstrate the possibilities offered by the technique proposed, which is truly quantitative. In particular, it was shown, "in the field", that three products had a very valuable action (Chlorhexidine, Hexachlorophene and a quarternary ammonium salt), but simple washing with Marseille soap followed by rincing with alcohol gave good results, limited only by the absence of any persistent bactericidal action.
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