1
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Alkhunaizi E, Albrecht JP, Aarabi M, Witchel SF, Wherrett D, Babul-Hirji R, Dupuis A, Chiniara L, Chater-Diehl E, Shago M, Shuman C, Rajkovic A, Yatsenko SA, Chitayat D. 45,X/46,XY mosaicism: Clinical manifestations and long term follow-up. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63451. [PMID: 37882230 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
45,X/46,XY chromosomal mosaicism presents a range of clinical manifestations, including phenotypes from Turner syndrome through genital abnormalities to apparently unaffected phenotypic males; however, the full clinical spectrum has not yet been fully delineated since prior studies on the clinical phenotype and associated risk of gonadal tumors included small cohorts and limited follow-up. To better describe the clinical manifestations and long-term outcome of patients with 45,X/46,XY mosaicism. We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients with 45,X/46,XY from three health centers (Hospital for Sick Children and Mount Sinai Hospital in Canada, and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center in United States). Of 100 patients with 45,X/46,XY karyotype, 47 were raised as females and 53 as males. Females were significantly shorter than males (p = 0.04) and height Z-score was significantly decreased with age for both genders (p = 0.02). Growth hormone (GH) treatment did not result in a significant height increase compared to the untreated group (p = 0.5). All females required puberty induction in contrast to majority of males. Five females were diagnosed with gonadal tumors, while no males were affected. Around 58% of patients exhibited at least one Turner syndrome stigmata. This study expands the clinical spectrum, long-term outcomes, and associated tumor risk in a large cohort of patients with 45,X/46,XY mosaicism. Additionally, it highlights our experience with GH therapy and prophylactic gonadectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebba Alkhunaizi
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- UPMC Medical Genetics & Genomics Laboratories, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Departments of Pathology, and Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Selma F Witchel
- Division of Endocrinology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Diane Wherrett
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Riyana Babul-Hirji
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Annie Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lyne Chiniara
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric Chater-Diehl
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, Cytogenomics Laboratory, Cytogenomics and Genome Resources Facility, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary Shago
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, Cytogenomics Laboratory, Cytogenomics and Genome Resources Facility, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryl Shuman
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aleksandar Rajkovic
- Department of Pathology, and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Svetlana A Yatsenko
- UPMC Medical Genetics & Genomics Laboratories, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Departments of Pathology, and Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Chitayat
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- The Prenatal Diagnosis and Medical Genetics Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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2
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Carlsen ED, Aarabi M, Swerdlow SH. Unexpected MYC::DMD translocation after transformation of follicular lymphoma with IGH::BCL2 and IGH::MYC. Br J Haematol 2023; 203:e74-e77. [PMID: 37485649 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric D Carlsen
- Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- UPMC Medical Genetics and Genomics Laboratories, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology, UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steven H Swerdlow
- Department of Pathology, UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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3
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Matalon DR, Zepeda-Mendoza CJ, Aarabi M, Brown K, Fullerton SM, Kaur S, Quintero-Rivera F, Vatta M. Clinical, technical, and environmental biases influencing equitable access to clinical genetics/genomics testing: A points to consider statement of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). Genet Med 2023; 25:100812. [PMID: 37058144 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2023.100812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dena R Matalon
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Cinthya J Zepeda-Mendoza
- Divisions of Hematopathology and Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- UPMC Medical Genetics and Genomics Laboratories, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA; Departments of Pathology and Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Stephanie M Fullerton
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA; Department of Bioethics & Humanities, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA
| | - Shagun Kaur
- Department of Child Health, Phoenix Children's Hospital, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Fabiola Quintero-Rivera
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Departments of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, and Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA
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4
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Patwardhan PP, Aarabi M, Aggarwal N. Genomics of myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm. Semin Diagn Pathol 2023; 40:195-201. [PMID: 37105794 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic/ Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) demonstrate overlapping pathologic and molecular features of myelodysplastic (MDS) and myeloproliferative (MPN) neoplasms. Diagnosis is difficult based on morphology alone, requiring exclusion of various non-neoplastic causes for CBC abnormalities and morphologic findings and other myeloid neoplasms. Identifying a clonal abnormality by cytogenetics or molecular studies has vastly improved our ability to diagnose MDS/MPN and has been incorporated in the different classification schemas. Currently two separate classification systems are in use- The 5th edition WHO and international consensus classification. The two competing classifications emphasize genetic work-up and are similar on many levels; however, they do introduce diagnostic dilemma when diagnosing certain entities such as chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in the presence of NPM1 mutations. The genetic profile overlaps among different subentities; however, the combination and the incidence of mutations; together with the clinical features and morphology helps in further subclassification. In this review, we discuss the advances in molecular characterization of MDS/MPN. We attempt to summarize the differences between the various classification schemes, and highlight the changes made in the diagnostic criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- UPMC Medical Genetics & Genomics Laboratories, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States of America; Departments of Pathology, and Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States of America
| | - Nidhi Aggarwal
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America.
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5
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Sheehan E, Bacon V, Lascurain S, Stone J, Yatsenko S, Aarabi M, Skvarca LB, Clemens M, Saller D. Prenatal and fetal diagnosis of trisomy 18 after low-risk cell-free fetal DNA screening: A report of four cases. Prenat Diagn 2023; 43:36-41. [PMID: 36426655 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-Invasive Prenatal Screening (NIPS) is a useful screening method for common aneuploidies that can occur in pregnancies. It yields high sensitivities and specificities for the targeted conditions it tests for. Most commonly, these include Trisomies in chromosomes 21, 18, and 13, as well as aneuploidies in chromosomes X and Y. It does not, however, replace diagnostic testing. We review four cases seen by our institutions of patients who had NIPS performed with low-risk results and subsequently had fetuses affected with trisomy 18. METHODS All fetal samples were evaluated by level II anatomic ultrasound and tested on amniocytes or products of conception through karyotype or chromosomal microarray following low-risk NIPS. RESULTS None of the fetuses showed evidence of mosaicism and had features (both on ultrasound and postnatally) consistent with Trisomy 18. Postnatal fluorescence in situ hybridization performed on Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded tissue from 3 of the affected pregnancies' placentas identified mosaicism of trisomy 18. DISCUSSION We discuss the possible explanations for the discrepancy between NIPS results and fetal karyotype, including, but not limited to placental mosaicism, placental size, and limitations of NIPS as a screening test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Sheehan
- Center for Medical Genetics, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Victoria Bacon
- Center for Medical Genetics, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Seth Lascurain
- Maternal Fetal Medicine Department, UPMC Harrisburg, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julia Stone
- Center for Medical Genetics, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Svetlana Yatsenko
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics Laboratories, UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Departments of Pathology and Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomics Laboratories, UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Departments of Pathology and Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lauren B Skvarca
- Departments of Pathology and Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michele Clemens
- Center for Medical Genetics, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Devereux Saller
- Departments of Pathology and Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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6
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Aarabi M, Yoest JM, Farah R, Rajkovic A, Swerdlow SH, Yatsenko SA. A Novel Integrated Approach for Cytogenomic Evaluation of Plasma Cell Neoplasms. J Mol Diagn 2022; 24:1067-1078. [PMID: 35940519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma cell neoplasm (PCN) is associated with characteristic chromosomal aberrations of diagnostic and prognostic significance. The presence of a small percentage of neoplastic cells is a drawback in the application of karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization for the evaluation of bone marrow aspirate. The analysis of samples enriched for CD138+ cells has improved the detection rate. However, fluorescence in situ hybridization requires several probes and may not be completed due to a limited number of isolated cells. To address the issues experienced with the conventional approach, a novel integrated protocol that consists of whole-genome amplification of DNA isolated from CD138+ cells, followed by microarray as well as one fluorescence in situ hybridization assay for balanced IGH gene rearrangements, has been developed. In the present study in a cohort of 56 patients with clinical suspicion for PCN, compared to conventional cytogenetic analysis, this approach provided higher yield in the detection of PCN-related abnormalities, irrespective of the initial percentage of plasma cells. Whole-genome profiling uncovered recurrent chromosomal abnormalities of prognostic value, including unbalanced alterations within the MYC locus, 16q loss, and hypodiploidy, that were not otherwise detectable by conventional methods. The proposed approach is cost-efficient and provides a superior detection rate, required for proper risk stratification and differential diagnosis of PCN regardless of initial plasma cell percentage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jennifer M Yoest
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rafic Farah
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Aleksandar Rajkovic
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Institute of Human Genetics, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Steven H Swerdlow
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Svetlana A Yatsenko
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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7
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Schmitz MJ, Aarabi M, Bashar A, Rajkovic A, Gregg AR, Yatsenko SA. Carrier frequency of autosomal recessive genetic conditions in diverse populations: lessons learned from the Genome Aggregation Database. Clin Genet 2022; 102:87-97. [PMID: 35532184 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An equitable approach by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) has recently recommended carrier screening for genes associated with moderate to severe autosomal recessive conditions with a carrier frequency of ≥1/200 in the Genome Aggregation Database exomes (gnomADv2.0.2). We analyzed carrier frequencies in gnomADv3.1.1 genomes representing diverse populations. ClinVar data on 35,996 pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in 419 genes were used to estimate the gnomAD frequency of heterozygous carriers. We found that ninety-two genes had a carrier frequency of ≥1/200, of which 63 were shared between v3.1.1 and v2.0.2 and 29 were new in v3.1.1. Addition of new populations (Amish, Finnish and Middle Eastern) increased the number of new genes with a carrier frequency of ≥1/200 to 71. Changes in carrier frequencies were attributed to new gnomAD populations, different sample sizes, new ClinVar data, and technical differences between exomes and genomes. This study highlights the dynamic changes in carrier frequencies due to new datasets from diverse populations and provides updated carrier frequencies based on the combined data from 184,352 genomes and exomes in gnomAD. We recommend a periodic review for inclusion of new population data to update carrier screening panels in the future. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Schmitz
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- UPMC Medical Genetics & Genomics Laboratories, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Departments of Pathology, and Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ali Bashar
- Faculty of Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aleksandar Rajkovic
- Departments of Pathology and Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Anthony R Gregg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prisma Health, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Svetlana A Yatsenko
- UPMC Medical Genetics & Genomics Laboratories, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Departments of Pathology, and Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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8
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Dungan JS, Aarabi M, Klugman S, Gregg AR. Response to Righetti et al. Genet Med 2022; 24:1162-1163. [PMID: 35221206 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2021.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Dungan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- Departments of Pathology and Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA; Center for Medical Genetics and Genomics, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Susan Klugman
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Anthony R Gregg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prisma Health, Columbia, SC
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9
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Alkhunaizi E, Plamondon J, Aarabi M, Wherrett D, Babul-Hirj R, Dupuis A, Chiniara L, Witchel SF, Rajkovic A, George MA, Shuman C, Yatsenko S, Chitayat D. eP071: 45,X/46,XY mosaicism: Retrospective study of 100 patients. Genet Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.01.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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10
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Schmitz M, Aarabi M, Bashar A, Rajkovic A, Gregg A, Yatsenko S. eP468: Carrier frequency of genes associated with autosomal recessive conditions in diverse populations: Lessons learned from gnomAD and ClinVar. Genet Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2022.01.501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Gregg AR, Aarabi M, Klugman S, Leach NT, Bashford MT, Goldwaser T, Chen E, Sparks TN, Reddi HV, Rajkovic A, Dungan JS. Screening for autosomal recessive and X-linked conditions during pregnancy and preconception: a practice resource of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). Genet Med 2021; 23:1793-1806. [PMID: 34285390 PMCID: PMC8488021 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Carrier screening began 50 years ago with screening for conditions that have a high prevalence in defined racial/ethnic groups (e.g., Tay-Sachs disease in the Ashkenazi Jewish population; sickle cell disease in Black individuals). Cystic fibrosis was the first medical condition for which panethnic screening was recommended, followed by spinal muscular atrophy. Next-generation sequencing allows low cost and high throughput identification of sequence variants across many genes simultaneously. Since the phrase "expanded carrier screening" is nonspecific, there is a need to define carrier screening processes in a way that will allow equitable opportunity for patients to learn their reproductive risks using next-generation sequencing technology. An improved understanding of this risk allows patients to make informed reproductive decisions. Reproductive decision making is the established metric for clinical utility of population-based carrier screening. Furthermore, standardization of the screening approach will facilitate testing consistency. This practice resource reviews the current status of carrier screening, provides answers to some of the emerging questions, and recommends a consistent and equitable approach for offering carrier screening to all individuals during pregnancy or preconception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Gregg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prisma Health, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Genetics Program, North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susan Klugman
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Michael T Bashford
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tamar Goldwaser
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Chen
- Department of Genetics, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Teresa N Sparks
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Honey V Reddi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
- Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Aleksandar Rajkovic
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Dungan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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12
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Gregg AR, Aarabi M, Klugman S, Leach NT, Bashford MT, Goldwaser T, Chen E, Sparks TN, Reddi HV, Rajkovic A, Dungan JS. Correction to: Screening for autosomal recessive and X-linked conditions during pregnancy and preconception: a practice resource of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). Genet Med 2021; 23:2015. [PMID: 34453133 DOI: 10.1038/s41436-021-01300-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Gregg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prisma Health, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Genetics Program, North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susan Klugman
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Michael T Bashford
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tamar Goldwaser
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Chen
- Department of Genetics, Kaiser Permanente Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Teresa N Sparks
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Honey V Reddi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Aleksandar Rajkovic
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Dungan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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13
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Lambrot R, Chan D, Shao X, Aarabi M, Kwan T, Bourque G, Moskovtsev S, Librach C, Trasler J, Dumeaux V, Kimmins S. Whole-genome sequencing of H3K4me3 and DNA methylation in human sperm reveals regions of overlap linked to fertility and development. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109418. [PMID: 34289352 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The paternal environment has been linked to infertility and negative outcomes. Such effects may be transmitted via sperm through histone modifications. To date, in-depth profiling of the sperm chromatin in men has been limited. Here, we use deep sequencing to characterize the sperm profiles of histone H3 lysine 4 tri-methylation (H3K4me3) and DNA methylation in a representative reference population of 37 men. Our analysis reveals that H3K4me3 is localized throughout the genome and at genes for fertility and development. Remarkably, enrichment is also found at regions that escape epigenetic reprogramming in primordial germ cells, embryonic enhancers, and short-interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs). There is significant overlap in H3K4me3 and DNA methylation throughout the genome, suggesting a potential interplay between these marks previously reported to be mutually exclusive in sperm. Comparisons made between H3K4me3 marked regions in sperm and the embryonic transcriptome suggest an influence of paternal chromatin on embryonic gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Lambrot
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Donovan Chan
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Xiaojian Shao
- Digital Technologies Research Centre, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, North York General Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tony Kwan
- Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Sergey Moskovtsev
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clifford Librach
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jacquetta Trasler
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada; Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vanessa Dumeaux
- PERFORM Center, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Sarah Kimmins
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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14
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Yatsenko SA, Aarabi M, Hu J, Surti U, Ortiz D, Madan-Khetarpal S, Saller DN, Bellissimo D, Rajkovic A. Copy number alterations involving 59 ACMG-recommended secondary findings genes. Clin Genet 2020; 98:577-588. [PMID: 33009833 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In clinical exome/genome sequencing, the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) recommends reporting of secondary findings unrelated to a patient's phenotype when pathogenic single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) are observed in one of 59 genes associated with a life-threatening, medically actionable condition. Little is known about the incidence and sensitivity of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for detection of pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs) comprising medically-actionable genes. Clinical CMA has been performed on 8865 individuals referred for molecular cytogenetic testing. We retrospectively reviewed the CMA results to identify patients with CNVs comprising genes included in the 59-ACMG list of secondary findings. We evaluated the clinical significance of these CNVs in respect to pathogenicity, phenotypic manifestations, and heritability. We identified 23 patients (0.26%) with relevant CNV either deletions comprising the entire gene or intragenic alterations involving one or more secondary findings genes. A number of patients and/or their family members with pathogenic CNVs manifest or expected to develop an anticipated clinical phenotype and would benefit from preventive management similar to the patients with pathogenic SNVs. To improve patients' care standardization should apply to reporting of both sequencing and CNVs obtained via clinical genome-wide analysis, including chromosomal microarray and exome/genome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana A Yatsenko
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Urvashi Surti
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Damara Ortiz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Suneeta Madan-Khetarpal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Childrens Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Devereux N Saller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Daniel Bellissimo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aleksandar Rajkovic
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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15
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Chan D, Shao X, Dumargne MC, Aarabi M, Simon MM, Kwan T, Bailey JL, Robaire B, Kimmins S, San Gabriel MC, Zini A, Librach C, Moskovtsev S, Grundberg E, Bourque G, Pastinen T, Trasler JM. Customized MethylC-Capture Sequencing to Evaluate Variation in the Human Sperm DNA Methylome Representative of Altered Folate Metabolism. Environ Health Perspect 2019; 127:87002. [PMID: 31393794 PMCID: PMC6792365 DOI: 10.1289/ehp4812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sperm DNA methylation landscape is unique and critical for offspring health. If gamete-derived DNA methylation escapes reprograming in early embryos, epigenetic defects in sperm may be transmitted to the next generation. Current techniques to assess sperm DNA methylation show bias toward CpG-dense regions and do not target areas of dynamic methylation, those predicted to be environmentally sensitive and tunable regulatory elements. OBJECTIVES Our goal was to assess variation in human sperm DNA methylation and design a targeted capture panel to interrogate the human sperm methylome. METHODS To characterize variation in sperm DNA methylation, we performed whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) on an equimolar pool of sperm DNA from a wide cross section of 30 men varying in age, fertility status, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genotype, and exposures. With our targeted capture panel, in individual samples, we examined the effect of MTHFR genotype ([Formula: see text] 677CC, [Formula: see text] 677TT), as well as high-dose folic acid supplementation ([Formula: see text], per genotype, before and after supplementation). RESULTS Through WGBS we discovered nearly 1 million CpGs possessing intermediate methylation levels (20-80%), termed dynamic sperm CpGs. These dynamic CpGs, along with 2 million commonly assessed CpGs, were used to customize a capture panel for targeted interrogation of the human sperm methylome and test its ability to detect effects of altered folate metabolism. As compared with MTHFR 677CC men, those with the 677TT genotype (50% decreased MTHFR activity) had both hyper- and hypomethylation in their sperm. High-dose folic acid supplement treatment exacerbated hypomethylation in MTHFR 677TT men compared with 677CC. In both cases, [Formula: see text] of altered methylation was found in dynamic sperm CpGs, uniquely measured by our assay. DISCUSSION Our sperm panel allowed the discovery of differential methylation following conditions affecting folate metabolism in novel dynamic sperm CpGs. Improved ability to examine variation in sperm DNA methylation can facilitate comprehensive studies of environment-epigenome interactions. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4812.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donovan Chan
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Xiaojian Shao
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Charlotte Dumargne
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Animal Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- Medical Genetics & Genomics Laboratories, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Magee-Womens Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Tony Kwan
- McGill University and Génome Québec Innovation Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Janice L. Bailey
- Centre de recherche en reproduction, développement et santé intergénérationnelle, Université Laval, Faculté des sciences de l’agriculture et de l’alimentation, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bernard Robaire
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarah Kimmins
- Department of Animal Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria C. San Gabriel
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Armand Zini
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Clifford Librach
- Canadian Reproductive Assisted Technology (CReATe) Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sergey Moskovtsev
- Canadian Reproductive Assisted Technology (CReATe) Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elin Grundberg
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Guillaume Bourque
- Canadian Centre for Computational Genomics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tomi Pastinen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Center for Pediatric Genomic Medicine, Children’s Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Jacquetta M. Trasler
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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16
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Aarabi M, Kessler E, Madan-Khetarpal S, Surti U, Bellissimo D, Rajkovic A, Yatsenko SA. Autism spectrum disorder in females with ARHGEF9 alterations and a random pattern of X chromosome inactivation. Eur J Med Genet 2019; 62:239-242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Aarabi M, Christensen KE, Chan D, Leclerc D, Landry M, Ly L, Rozen R, Trasler J. Testicular MTHFR deficiency may explain sperm DNA hypomethylation associated with high dose folic acid supplementation. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:1123-1135. [PMID: 29360980 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementation with high doses of folic acid, an important mediator of one-carbon transfers for DNA methylation, is used clinically to improve sperm parameters in infertile men. We recently detected an unexpected loss of DNA methylation in the sperm of idiopathic infertile men after 6 months of daily supplementation with 5 mg folic acid (>10× the daily recommended intake-DRI), exacerbated in men homozygous for a common variant in the gene encoding an important enzyme in folate metabolism, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR 677C>T). To investigate the epigenomic impact and mechanism underlying effects of folic acid on male germ cells, wild-type and heterozygote mice for a targeted inactivation of the Mthfr gene were fed high-dose folic acid (10× the DRI) or control diets (CDs) for 6 months. No changes were detected in general health, sperm counts or methylation of imprinted genes. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing revealed sperm DNA hypomethylation in Mthfr+/- mice on the 10× diets. Wild-type mice demonstrated sperm hypomethylation only with a very high dose (20×) of folic acid for 12 months. Testicular MTHFR protein levels decreased significantly in wild-type mice on the 20× diet but not in those on the 10× diet, suggesting a possible role for MTHFR deficiency in sperm DNA hypomethylation. In-depth analysis of the folic acid-exposed sperm DNA methylome suggested mouse/human susceptibility of sequences with potential importance to germ cell and embryo development. Our data provide evidence for a similar cross-species response to high dose folic acid supplementation, of sperm DNA hypomethylation, and implicate MTHFR downregulation as a possible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Karen E Christensen
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Donovan Chan
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Daniel Leclerc
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Mylène Landry
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Lundi Ly
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Rima Rozen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jacquetta Trasler
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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18
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Katari S, Aarabi M, Kintigh A, Mann S, Yatsenko SA, Sanfilippo JS, Zeleznik AJ, Rajkovic A. Chromosomal instability in women with primary ovarian insufficiency. Hum Reprod 2019; 33:531-538. [PMID: 29425284 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What is the prevalence of somatic chromosomal instability among women with idiopathic primary ovarian insufficiency (POI)? SUMMARY ANSWER A subset of women with idiopathic POI may have functional impairment in DNA repair leading to chromosomal instability in their soma. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY The formation and repair of DNA double-strand breaks during meiotic recombination are fundamental processes of gametogenesis. Oocytes with compromised DNA integrity are susceptible to apoptosis which could trigger premature ovarian aging and accelerated wastage of the human follicle reserve. Genomewide association studies, as well as whole exome sequencing, have implicated multiple genes involved in DNA damage repair. However, the prevalence of defective DNA damage repair in the soma of women with POI is unknown. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION In total, 46 women with POI and 15 family members were evaluated for excessive mitomycin-C (MMC)-induced chromosome breakage. Healthy fertile females (n = 20) and two lymphoblastoid cell lines served as negative and as positive controls, respectively. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We performed a pilot functional study utilizing MMC to assess chromosomal instability in the peripheral blood of participants. A high-resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) was performed on 16 POI patients to identify copy number variations (CNVs) for a set of 341 targeted genes implicated in DNA repair. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Array CGH revealed three POI patients (3/16, 18.8%) with pathogenic CNVs. Excessive chromosomal breakage suggestive of a constitutional deficiency in DNA repair was detected in one POI patient with the 16p12.3 duplication. In two patients with negative chromosome breakage analysis, aCGH detected a Xq28 deletion comprising the Centrin EF-hand Protein 2 (CETN2) and HAUS Augmin Like Complex Subunit 7 (HAUS7) genes essential for meiotic DNA repair, and a duplication in the 3p22.2 region comprising a part of the ATPase domain of the MutL Homolog 1 (MLH1) gene. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION Peripheral lymphocytes, used as a surrogate tissue to quantify induced chromosome damage, may not be representative of all the affected tissues. Another limitation pertains to the MMC assay which detects homologous repair pathway defects and does not test deficiencies in other DNA repair pathways. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our results provide evidence for functional impairment of DNA repair in idiopathic POI, which may predispose the patients to other DNA repair-related conditions such as accelerated aging and/or cancer susceptibility. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) Funding was provided by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. There were no competing interests to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Katari
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Medical Genetics & Genomics Laboratories, Magee Womens Hospital of UPMC, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Angela Kintigh
- Medical Genetics & Genomics Laboratories, Magee Womens Hospital of UPMC, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Susan Mann
- Medical Genetics & Genomics Laboratories, Magee Womens Hospital of UPMC, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Svetlana A Yatsenko
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Medical Genetics & Genomics Laboratories, Magee Womens Hospital of UPMC, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.,Magee Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Joseph S Sanfilippo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Anthony J Zeleznik
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Magee Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Aleksandar Rajkovic
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Medical Genetics & Genomics Laboratories, Magee Womens Hospital of UPMC, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.,Magee Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Aarabi M, Davenport F, Austin M, Reed M, Casey J, Lawrence C, Yatsenko S. 14. A novel cytogenomic approach to diagnosis of plasma cell neoplasms. Cancer Genet 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2018.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Ly L, Chan D, Aarabi M, Landry M, Behan NA, MacFarlane AJ, Trasler J. Intergenerational impact of paternal lifetime exposures to both folic acid deficiency and supplementation on reproductive outcomes and imprinted gene methylation. Mol Hum Reprod 2018; 23:461-477. [PMID: 28535307 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gax029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Do paternal exposures to folic acid deficient (FD), and/or folic acid supplemented (FS) diets, throughout germ cell development adversely affect male germ cells and consequently offspring health outcomes? SUMMARY ANSWER Male mice exposed over their lifetimes to both FD and FS diets showed decreased sperm counts and altered imprinted gene methylation with evidence of transmission of adverse effects to the offspring, including increased postnatal-preweaning mortality and variability in imprinted gene methylation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY There is increasing evidence that disruptions in male germ cell epigenetic reprogramming are associated with offspring abnormalities and intergenerational disease. The fetal period is the critical time of DNA methylation pattern acquisition for developing male germ cells and an adequate supply of methyl donors is required. In addition, DNA methylation patterns continue to be remodeled during postnatal spermatogenesis. Previous studies have shown that lifetime (prenatal and postnatal) folic acid deficiency can alter the sperm epigenome and increase the incidence of fetal morphological abnormalities. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Female BALB/c mice (F0) were placed on one of four amino-acid defined diets for 4 weeks before pregnancy and throughout pregnancy and lactation: folic acid control (Ctrl; 2 mg/kg), 7-fold folic acid deficient (7FD; 0.3 mg/kg), 10-fold high FS (10FS, 20 mg/kg) or 20-fold high FS (20FS, 40 mg/kg) diets. F1 males were weaned to their respective prenatal diets to allow for diet exposure during all windows of germline epigenetic reprogramming: the erasure, re-establishment and maintenance phases. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTINGS, METHODS F0 females were mated with chow-fed males to produce F1 litters whose germ cells were exposed to the diets throughout embryonic development. F1 males were subsequently mated with chow-fed female mice. Two F2 litters, unexposed to the experimental diets, were generated from each F1 male; one litter was collected at embryonic day (E)18.5 and one delivered and followed postnatally. DNA methylation at a global level and at the differentially methylated regions of imprinted genes (H19, Imprinted Maternally Expressed Transcript (Non-Protein Coding)-H19, Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Polypeptide N-Snrpn, KCNQ1 Opposite Strand/Antisense Transcript 1 (Non-Protein Coding)-Kcnq1ot1, Paternally Expressed Gene 1-Peg1 and Paternally Expressed Gene 3-Peg3) was assessed by luminometric methylation analysis and bisulfite pyrosequencing, respectively, in F1 sperm, F2 E18.5 placenta and F2 E18.5 brain cortex. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE F1 males exhibited lower sperm counts following lifetime exposure to both folic acid deficiency and the highest dose of folic acid supplementation (20FS), (both P < 0.05). Post-implantation losses were increased amongst F2 E18.5 day litters from 20FS exposed F1 males (P < 0.05). F2 litters derived from both 7FD and 20FS exposed F1 males had significantly higher postnatal-preweaning pup death (both P < 0.05). Sperm from 10FS exposed males had increased variance in methylation across imprinted gene H19, P < 0.05; increased variance at a few sites within H19 was also found for the 7FD and 20FS groups (P < 0.05). While the 20FS diet resulted in inter-individual alterations in methylation across the imprinted genes Snrpn and Peg3 in F2 E18.5 placenta, ≥50% of individual sites tested in Peg1 and/or Peg3 were affected in the 7FD and 10FS groups. Inter-individual alterations in Peg1 methylation were found in F2 E18.5 day 10FS group brain cortex (P < 0.05). LARGE SCALE DATA Not applicable. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION The cause of the increase in postnatal-preweaning mortality was not investigated post-mortem. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms underlying the adverse effects of folic acid deficiency and supplementation on developing male germ cells. Genome-wide DNA and histone methylome studies as well as gene expression studies are required to better understand the links between folic acid exposures, an altered germ cell epigenome and offspring outcomes. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The findings of this study provide further support for paternally transmitted environmental effects. The results indicate that both folic acid deficiency and high dose supplementation can be detrimental to germ cell development and reproductive fitness, in part by altering DNA methylation in sperm. STUDY FUNDING AND COMPETING INTERESTS This study was supported by a grant to J.M.T. from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR #89944). The authors declare they have no conflicts of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lundi Ly
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montréal, QC, Canada H3A 1B1.,Child Health and Human Development Program (CHHD), Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Westmount, QC, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Donovan Chan
- Child Health and Human Development Program (CHHD), Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Westmount, QC, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montréal, QC, Canada H3A 1B1.,Child Health and Human Development Program (CHHD), Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Westmount, QC, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Mylène Landry
- Child Health and Human Development Program (CHHD), Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Westmount, QC, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Nathalie A Behan
- Nutrition Research Division, Health Canada, 251 Promenade Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Amanda J MacFarlane
- Nutrition Research Division, Health Canada, 251 Promenade Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9
| | - Jacquetta Trasler
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Dr. Penfield Avenue, Montréal, QC, Canada H3A 1B1.,Child Health and Human Development Program (CHHD), Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Westmount, QC, Canada H4A 3J1.,Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 3655 Prom. Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1Y6
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Rafati A, Zarrabi A, Abediankenari S, Aarabi M, Gill P. Sensitive colorimetric assay using insulin G-quadruplex aptamer arrays on DNA nanotubes coupled with magnetic nanoparticles. R Soc Open Sci 2018; 5:171835. [PMID: 29657789 PMCID: PMC5882713 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Described here is a methodology for fabrication of a sensitive colorimetric nanoassay for measurement of insulin using G-quadruplex aptamer arrays on DNA nanotubes (DNTs) coupled with magnetic nanoparticles. The spectroscopic findings (e.g. visible spectra, velocity assay and limit of detection determination) indicated a highly sensitive performance of this new nanoassay in comparison to those results obtained from the insulin assay with non-arrayed aptamers. The clinical performance statistics (i.e. paired sample t-test, Bland-Altman plot and scatter diagram) from the newly developed assay and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay suggested its reliable precision and its acceptable repeatability for measurement of insulin in human sera. This is, to our knowledge, the first study for the application of magnetic nanoparticle-coupled DNTs for carrying G-quadruplex aptamers for detection of biomolecules (such as insulin) in human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Rafati
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - A. Zarrabi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - S. Abediankenari
- Nanomedicine Group, Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - M. Aarabi
- Diabetes Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
- Ischemic Disorders Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - P. Gill
- Nanomedicine Group, Immunogenetics Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
- Diabetes Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
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22
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Aarabi M, Sniezek O, Jiang H, Saller DN, Bellissimo D, Yatsenko SA, Rajkovic A. Importance of complete phenotyping in prenatal whole exome sequencing. Hum Genet 2018; 137:175-181. [PMID: 29392406 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-017-1860-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Whole exome sequencing (WES) is an emerging technique in prenatal diagnosis. In this retrospective study, we examined diagnostic utility and limitations of WES in prenatal cases with structural birth defects. DNA from 20 trios (fetal and parental), with normal karyotype and microarray findings, underwent WES and variant interpretation at a reference laboratory. The WES results were later re-evaluated in our academic center utilizing prenatal and postnatal phenotyping. Initial analysis using only prenatal ultrasound findings revealed no pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in 20 pregnancies with structural birth defects. Re-analysis of WES variants and combination of prenatal and postnatal phenotyping yielded pathogenic variants in at least 20% of cases including PORCN gene in a fetus with split-hand/foot malformation, as well as variants of uncertain significance in NEB and NOTCH1 in fetuses with postnatal muscle weakness and Adams-Oliver syndrome, respectively. Furthermore, Sanger sequencing in a patient with holoprosencephaly, elucidated by postnatal MRI, revealed a pathogenic 47-base pairs deletion in ZIC2 which was missed by prenatal WES. This study suggests that incomplete prenatal phenotyping and lack of prenatal ultrasound-genotype databases are the limiting factors for current interpretation of WES data in prenatal diagnosis. Development of prenatal phenotype-genotype databases would significantly help WES interpretation in this setting. Patients who underwent prenatal clinical WES may benefit from the re-analysis based on detailed postnatal findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Aarabi
- Medical Genetics and Genomics Laboratories, Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Olivia Sniezek
- Westminster College, New Wilmington, PA, USA.,Magee-Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Huaiyang Jiang
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Devereux N Saller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daniel Bellissimo
- Medical Genetics and Genomics Laboratories, Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Svetlana A Yatsenko
- Medical Genetics and Genomics Laboratories, Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Magee-Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aleksandar Rajkovic
- Medical Genetics and Genomics Laboratories, Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Magee-Womens Research Institute, 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA. .,Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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23
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Ziapour SP, Kheiri S, Fazeli-Dinan M, Sahraei-Rostami F, Mohammadpour RA, Aarabi M, Asgarian F, Sarafrazi M, Nikookar SH, Enayati A. Susceptibility status of field populations of Rhipicephalus bursa (Acari: Ixodidae) to pyrethroid insecticides. Trop Biomed 2016; 33:446-461. [PMID: 33579116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rhipicephalus bursa is a two-host ixodid tick with wide distribution in north of Iran especially in Mazandaran province. Acaricide treatment is the main tick control measure; however, acaricide resistance occurs in hard ticks in many areas of the world including Iran. Comprehensive information on susceptibility status of Rhipicephalus bursa is lacking, therefore, this study is undertaken to determine the susceptibility status of the species to pyrethroid acaricides and probable biochemical underlying mechanisms of resistance. From May 2013 to March 2014, engorged females Rhipicephalus bursa were collected using standard entomological procedures from body surface of sheep, goat and cattle in different areas of Mazandaran province, northern Iran. Eleven and ten pooled tick populations were tested against cypermethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin, respectively using larval packet test. Population SC-16 showed a maximum resistance ratio of 5.79 against cypermethrin in Sari County when compared to the most susceptible population NH-16 and 63.64% of tick populations were resistant at LC99 level. With lambda-cyhalothrin, 30% of the tick populations were resistant with low level and NK-2 was the most resistant population with resistance ratio of 4.32 in Nowshahr County. The results of biochemical assays demonstrated elevated levels of monooxygenases, glutathione S-transferases and esterases in pyrethroid resistant populations tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Ziapour
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Health Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
- Department of Parasitology, North Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, P.O.Box: 139, Amol, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - S Kheiri
- Department of Parasitology, North Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, P.O.Box: 139, Amol, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - M Fazeli-Dinan
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Health Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - F Sahraei-Rostami
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Health Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - R A Mohammadpour
- Department of Biostatistics, Health Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - M Aarabi
- Diabetes Research Center, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - F Asgarian
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur
| | - M Sarafrazi
- DVM, Animal Health and Control Diseases Unit, Mazandaran Provincial Veterinary Organization, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - S H Nikookar
- Student Research Committee, Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Health Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - A Enayati
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Health Sciences Research Center, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
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24
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Golalipour G, Semnani S, Safaie B, Rajaie S, Sedaghat SM, Kamalinia HR, Aarabi M, Roshandel G. Predictors of survival in oesophageal cancer patients in a high-risk area in Northern Iran: the role of health services utilisation. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2016; 26. [PMID: 27430738 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to determine predictors of survival in oesophageal cancer (EC) patients in a high-risk area. This study was conducted on EC patients diagnosed in 2007-2008 in Golestan province, Iran. Diagnostic (DU) and Therapeutic (TU) services utilisation indices were determined. DU and TU indices of 1 were considered as good utilisation. EC-specific survival rates were calculated. Multivariate Cox-regression model was used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs). Two hundred and twenty-three EC subjects were enrolled. The median survival time was 10.47 months and the 5-year survival rate was 11%. Cox-regression analysis suggested that stage of tumour (AHRregional = 3.75, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.34-6.00; AHRmetastasis = 12.21, 95% CI: 7.42-20.08) and TU (AHR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.25-2.52) were the strongest variables related to EC survival. The median survival time in patients with good and poor TU were 14.37 and 8.53 months respectively (p < .01). There was no significant relationship between DU and EC survival. We found relatively low survival rates in our EC patients when compared with developed countries. Our results also suggested an increasing trend for EC survival rate during recent years. Good TU could predict higher survival rates. Patients' access to therapeutic services may be considered as an important indicator in decision-making for controlling EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Golalipour
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - S Semnani
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - B Safaie
- Department of Pathology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - S Rajaie
- Department of Surgery, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - S M Sedaghat
- Department of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - H R Kamalinia
- Department of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - M Aarabi
- Health Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - G Roshandel
- Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
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25
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Sutovsky P, Aarabi M, Miranda-Vizuete A, Oko R. Negative biomarker based male fertility evaluation: Sperm phenotypes associated with molecular-level anomalies. Asian J Androl 2016; 17:554-60. [PMID: 25999356 PMCID: PMC4492044 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.153847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarker-based sperm analysis elevates the treatment of human infertility and ameliorates reproductive performance in livestock. The negative biomarker-based approach focuses on proteins and ligands unique to defective spermatozoa, regardless of their morphological phenotype, lending itself to analysis by flow cytometry (FC). A prime example is the spermatid specific thioredoxin SPTRX3/TXNDC8, retained in the nuclear vacuoles and superfluous cytoplasm of defective human spermatozoa. Infertile couples with high semen SPTRX3 are less likely to conceive by assisted reproductive therapies (ART) and more prone to recurrent miscarriage while low SPTRX3 has been associated with multiple ART births. Ubiquitin, a small, proteolysis-promoting covalent posttranslational protein modifier is found on the surface of defective posttesticular spermatozoa and in the damaged protein aggregates, the aggresomes of spermiogenic origin. Semen ubiquitin content correlates negatively with fertility and conventional semen parameters, and with sperm binding of lectins LCA (Lens culinaris agglutinin; reveals altered sperm surface) and PNA (Arachis hypogaea/peanut agglutinin; reveals acrosomal malformation or damage). The Postacrosomal Sheath WWI Domain Binding Protein (PAWP), implicated in oocyte activation during fertilization, is ectopic or absent from defective human and animal spermatozoa. Consequently, FC-parameters of PAWP correlate with ART outcomes in infertile couples and with fertility in bulls. Assays based on the above biomarkers have been combined into multiplex FC semen screening protocols, and the surface expression of lectins and ubiquitin has been utilized to develop nanoparticle-based bull semen purification method validated by field artificial insemination trials. These advances go hand-in-hand with the innovation of FC-technology and genomics/proteomics-based biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sutovsky
- Division of Animal Science and Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA,
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26
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Aarabi M, San Gabriel MC, Chan D, Behan NA, Caron M, Pastinen T, Bourque G, MacFarlane AJ, Zini A, Trasler J. High-dose folic acid supplementation alters the human sperm methylome and is influenced by the MTHFR C677T polymorphism. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:6301-13. [PMID: 26307085 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary folate is a major source of methyl groups required for DNA methylation, an epigenetic modification that is actively maintained and remodeled during spermatogenesis. While high-dose folic acid supplementation (up to 10 times the daily recommended dose) has been shown to improve sperm parameters in infertile men, the effects of supplementation on the sperm epigenome are unknown. To assess the impact of 6 months of high-dose folic acid supplementation on the sperm epigenome, we studied 30 men with idiopathic infertility. Blood folate concentrations increased significantly after supplementation with no significant improvements in sperm parameters. Methylation levels of the differentially methylated regions of several imprinted loci (H19, DLK1/GTL2, MEST, SNRPN, PLAGL1, KCNQ1OT1) were normal both before and after supplementation. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) revealed a significant global loss of methylation across different regions of the sperm genome. The most marked loss of DNA methylation was found in sperm from patients homozygous for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism, a common polymorphism in a key enzyme required for folate metabolism. RRBS analysis also showed that most of the differentially methylated tiles were located in DNA repeats, low CpG-density and intergenic regions. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed that methylation of promoter regions was altered in several genes involved in cancer and neurobehavioral disorders including CBFA2T3, PTPN6, COL18A1, ALDH2, UBE4B, ERBB2, GABRB3, CNTNAP4 and NIPA1. Our data reveal alterations of the human sperm epigenome associated with high-dose folic acid supplementation, effects that were exacerbated by a common polymorphism in MTHFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Human Genetics, Montreal Children's Hospital and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Maria C San Gabriel
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery and, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Donovan Chan
- Montreal Children's Hospital and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Nathalie A Behan
- Nutrition Research Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0K9 and
| | - Maxime Caron
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1A4
| | - Tomi Pastinen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1A4
| | - Guillaume Bourque
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1A4
| | | | - Armand Zini
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery and, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Jacquetta Trasler
- Department of Human Genetics, Departments of Pediatrics and Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H4A 3J1, Montreal Children's Hospital and Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada H4A 3J1,
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27
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Abstract
Mammalian embryo development is init iated by intracel lular Ca2+ oscillations that result in oocyte activation following gamete membrane fusion. It is widely believed that oocyte Ca2+ oscillations are triggered by a sperm-specific protein, phospholipase C-zeta (PLCζ) that activates InsP3 production leading to repetitive Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. However, a recent report in the FASEB Journal by Aarabi et al. challenges this view by proposing postacrosomal WW domain-binding protein (PAWP) as another sperm-derived protein that can also initiate Ca2+ oscillations and zygotic development at fertilization. Here we discuss these new findings and examine the evidence suggesting PAWP as the "real" sperm factor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Richard Oko
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada,
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28
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Nourashrafeddin S, Dianatpour M, Aarabi M, Mobasheri MB, Kazemi-Oula G, Modarressi MH. Elevated Expression of the Testis-specific Gene WBP2NL in Breast Cancer. Biomark Cancer 2015; 7:19-24. [PMID: 26157336 PMCID: PMC4489666 DOI: 10.4137/bic.s19079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death in women; therefore, the study of molecular aspects of breast cancer for finding new biomarkers is important. Recent studies have shown that WW domain-binding protein 2 (WBP2) is important for the oncogenic property of breast cancer. WWP2 N-terminal-like (WBP2NL) is a testis-specific signaling protein that induces meiotic resumption and oocyte activation events. Our previous study revealed that WBP2NL gene expression is elevated in actively dividing cells and it might be associated with cellular proliferation and tumorigenic process. However, the clinical relevance and importance of WBP2NL gene in cancer has not been understood yet. Therefore, we were interested in analyzing the expression of WBP2NL gene in human breast cancer tissues and breast cancer cell lines, for the first time. We used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and semi-nested RT-PCR to evaluate the expression of WBP2NL in malignant breast cancer and adjacent noncancerous tissue (ANCT) samples, as well as MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. The WBP2NL gene was expressed in 45 out of 50 (90%) breast cancer tissues and overexpressed in the MDA-MB-231 cell line. We suggest that WBP2NL may play roles in breast cancer activation maybe through binding to a group I WW domain protein. The elevated expression of WBP2NL gene in breast cancer and MDA-MB-231 cell line leads us to suggest that WBP2NL might be considered as a novel prognostic factor for early diagnosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedmehdi Nourashrafeddin
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mehdi Dianatpour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. ; Transgenic Technology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Maryam Beigom Mobasheri
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ; Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnesa Kazemi-Oula
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Nourashrafeddin S, Aarabi M, Modarressi MH, Rahmati M, Nouri M. The Evaluation of WBP2NL-Related Genes Expression in Breast Cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2014; 21:293-300. [PMID: 25417742 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-014-9820-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent cause of mortality in women all around the world; therefore, study on molecular aspects of breast cancer is necessary for finding new biomarkers. Recent studies have shown that WW Binding Protein 2 (WBP2) is an important protein for the oncogenic property of cancer. We have previously evaluated the WW Binding Protein 2 N-Terminal Like (WBP2NL) gene expression in cancerous cell line and breast tumor tissues, and reported changes in expression, which could increase tumorigenic cell growth. However, the molecular mechanisms of WBP2NL and its clinical relevance have not been investigated. In this study, the expression of WBP2NL-related genes in the invasive breast carcinoma and normal breast tissues was evaluated for the first time. Analysis of WBP2NL-related genes expression was performed with reverse transcription-PCR and real time-PCR detection method. The target genes studied were as follow: WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1(WWP1), membrane associated guanylatekinase containing WW and PDZ domain-1 (MAGI1), neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated 4 (NEDD4), formin binding protein-4 (FNBP4), BCL2-associated athanogene-3 (BAG3), WW domain-containing oxidoreductase (WWOX), yes-associated protein-1 (YAP1), WW domain containing transcription regulator (WWTR1), member RAS oncogene family (RAB2A), and small G protein signaling modulator 3 (SGSM3). The expression of WWP1, BAG3, and WWTR1 was significantly increased in breast cancer. In contrast, the expression of WWOX, YAP1, RAB2A, and SGSM3 was significantly decreased. The MAGI1 and NEDD4 expression was increased, while the expression of FNBP4 was unchanged. These findings lead us to suggest that WBP2NL might play roles as an anti-apoptotic factor or co-activator to promote breast cancer cell survival and proliferation.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Adult
- Aged
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Apoptosis/physiology
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/genetics
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/metabolism
- Breast/metabolism
- Breast/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Adhesion Molecules
- Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Cell Proliferation/physiology
- Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/genetics
- Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/physiology
- Guanylate Kinases
- Humans
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases
- Seminal Plasma Proteins/genetics
- Seminal Plasma Proteins/metabolism
- Trans-Activators
- Transcription Factors
- Transcriptional Coactivator with PDZ-Binding Motif Proteins
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
- Up-Regulation/genetics
- Up-Regulation/physiology
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30
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Bahari A, Aarabi M, Hedayati M, Jarollahi A, Firouzi F, Aghazadeh R, Zali MR, Bari Z, Hashemi M, Esmaeilzadeh A, Mokhtarifar A, Ganji A. Target antigens for perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies in Iranian patients with ulcerative colitis. Middle East J Dig Dis 2014; 6:203-7. [PMID: 25349683 DOI: pmid/25349683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) carry autoantibodies such as perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA). OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the target antigens for p-ANCA in Iranian patients with UC. METHODS p-ANCA target antigens including elastase, lactoferrin, cathepsin G, myeloproxidase, lysozyme, and bactericidal permeability increasing protein (BPI) were determined in 113 patients with UC using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS 59.2% of the patients were positive for at least one antigen and p-ANCA directed against lactoferrin, elastase, lysozyme, cathepsin G, Bactericidal permeability increasing protein, and myeloproxidase in 31.5%, 25.9%, 8.3%, 7.4%, 5.6%, and 0% of the patients, respectively. CONCLUSION The highest prevalence of p-ANCA was observed against lactoferrin and elastase. Also, myeloproxidase was not an antigen for p-ANCA among our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bahari
- Endoscopic & Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Research Center of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tehran, Iran ; Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Canada
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Clinical Laboratory, Research Center for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Jarollahi
- Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Mofid Children Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Firouzi
- Research Institute of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (RIGLD), Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahim Aghazadeh
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Research Center of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Research Center of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zohreh Bari
- Department of Gastroenterology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran ; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Abbas Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Mokhtarifar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Azita Ganji
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Aarabi M, Balakier H, Bashar S, Moskovtsev SI, Sutovsky P, Librach CL, Oko R. Sperm‐derived WW domain‐binding protein, PAWP, elicits calcium oscillations and oocyte activation in humans and mice. FASEB J 2014; 28:4434-40. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-256495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular SciencesSchool of MedicineQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
- Department of Human GeneticsMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | | | | | - Sergey I. Moskovtsev
- CReATe Fertility CentreTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Peter Sutovsky
- Division of Animal SciencesGynecology and Women's HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA
- Department of ObstetricsGynecology and Women's HealthSchool of MedicineUniversity of MissouriColumbiaMissouriUSA
| | - Clifford L. Librach
- CReATe Fertility CentreTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Richard Oko
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular SciencesSchool of MedicineQueen's UniversityKingstonOntarioCanada
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Aarabi M, Balakier H, Bashar S, Moskovtsev SI, Sutovsky P, Librach CL, Oko R. Sperm content of postacrosomal WW binding protein is related to fertilization outcomes in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology. Fertil Steril 2014; 102:440-7. [PMID: 24907910 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the levels of postacrosomal WW binding protein (PAWP) in the spermatozoa of men that were used clinically for intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and to correlate them with infertility treatment outcomes. DESIGN Prospective clinical and laboratory study. SETTING University-based laboratory and infertility clinic. PATIENT(S) Men undergoing ICSI for the treatment of couples' infertility (n=110). INTERVENTION(S) Quantitative analysis of sperm PAWP levels by flow cytometry and developmental analysis of PAWP expression by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) PAWP flow-cytometric levels and immunolocalization in spermatozoa. RESULT(S) A strong positive correlation was found between PAWP expression levels and fertilization rates after ICSI, with high levels of PAWP being associated with higher fertilization rates; the positive correlation was independent of age, DNA fragmentation index, and other sperm parameters. PAWP expression levels were correlated with embryonic development, with high levels of PAWP being associated with a lower number of arrested embryos within 3-5 days post-ICSI. PAWP expression was detected during the late stages of human spermiogenesis in elongating spermatids, confirming previous findings in various animal models. CONCLUSION(S) Our clinical data from infertile couples demonstrate significant correlations between sperm PAWP levels and both fertilization rates and normal embryonic development after ICSI. Considering its proposed role in the initiation of oocyte activation, we suggest that PAWP could have potential applications in the diagnosis and treatment of infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Sergey I Moskovtsev
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Sutovsky
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri; Departments of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, School of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Clifford L Librach
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard Oko
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, School of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
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Nourashrafeddin S, Ebrahimzadeh-Vesal R, Miryounesi M, Aarabi M, Zarghami N, Modarressi MH, Nouri M. Analysis ofSPATA19gene expression during male germ cells development, lessons from in vivo and in vitro study. Cell Biol Int Rep 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/cbi3.10010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyedmehdi Nourashrafeddin
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - Reza Ebrahimzadeh-Vesal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Miryounesi
- Genomic Research Center; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology; Queen's University; Kingston Canada
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
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Soltani H, Afshari P, Abedi P, Aarabi M, Batija H. W354 A SURVEY OF POLICIES IN THE PRACTICE OF THIRD STAGE OF LABOUR MANAGEMENT IN IRAN. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(12)62077-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ghafari R, Baradari AG, Firouzian A, Nouraei M, Aarabi M, Zamani A, Zeydi AE. Cognitive deficit in first-time coronary artery bypass graft patients: a randomized clinical trial of lidocaine versus procaine hydrochloride. Perfusion 2012; 27:320-5. [DOI: 10.1177/0267659112446525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Cognitive dysfunction increasingly has been recognized as a complication after cardiac surgery. Different methods have been considered for the reduction of cognitive dysfunction after cardiac surgery. One of these methods is by using lidocaine during surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of adding lidocaine to the cardioplegia solution on cognitive impairment after coronary artery surgery. Design and methods: In a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial, 110 patients aged between 20-70 years, scheduled for elective CABG surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass, were recruited into the study. They were randomized into two groups who received either cardioplegia solution containing lidocaine 2 mg/kg or procaine hydrochloride 5 mg/kg. The neurocognitive test used in this study was the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) or Folstein test. The test was done on the day before and 10 days and 2 months after the operation. Results: In the procaine group, the total score after 10 days decreased significantly compared to the preoperative score (mean difference 0.68; 95% CI: 0.20 to 1.17, p=0.006). Comparison between mean differences after 10 and 60 days of operation between the lidocaine and procaine groups were statistically significant, p-value 0.017 and 0.013, respectively. There was no cognitive impairment in the lidocaine group, but, in the procaine group, four patients (7.7%) after 10 days and one patient (1.9%) after both 10 and 60 days had cognitive impairment, p=0.051. Conclusions: Administration of lidocaine compared to that of procaine through the cardioplegia solution had a better effect on cognitive function after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ghafari
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - A Gholipour Baradari
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - A Firouzian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - M Nouraei
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - M Aarabi
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - A Zamani
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - A Emami Zeydi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Aarabi M, Memariani T, Arefi S, Aarabi M, Hantoosh Zadeh S, Akhondi MA, Modarressi MH. Polymorphisms of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, angiotensin converting enzyme and coagulation factor XIII genes in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2010; 24:545-8. [PMID: 20822334 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2010.511331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigated polymorphisms of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE ) and coagulation factor XIII (FXIII) genes and their association with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) in Iranian patients and normal healthy controls. Ten (18.5%) patients were homozygote (4G/4G) for PAI-1 polymorphism, in contrast with two (2%) controls (p = 0.001). Patients with homozygote 4G mutation were significantly more prone to RSA in contrast to others (odds ratio: 11.0, 95% CI: 2.3-52.4). Nineteen (30.2%) patients and 25 (26.6%) controls were homozygote (DD) for ACE polymorphism. We observed only two patients and one control with homozygosity (34leu) for FXIII polymorphism. 4G/4G polymorphism for PAI-1 gene could be a thrombophilic mutation leading to abortion in Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Reproductive Genetics, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
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Aarabi M, Qin Z, Xu W, Mewburn J, Oko R. Sperm-borne protein, PAWP, initiates zygotic development in Xenopus laevis by eliciting intracellular calcium release. Mol Reprod Dev 2010; 77:249-56. [PMID: 20017143 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.21140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported postacrosomal sheath WW domain binding protein (PAWP) as a candidate sperm borne, oocyte-activating factor. PAWP enters the oocyte during fertilization and induces oocyte activation events including meiotic resumption, pronuclear formation, and egg cleavage. However, in order to provide proof that PAWP is a primary initiator of zygotic development it is imperative to show that PAWP initiates intracellular calcium signaling, which is considered essential for oocyte activation. Utilizing Xenopus laevis as our model, we injected recombinant PAWP or Xenopus sperm into metaphase II-arrested oocytes and observed a significant rise in intracellular calcium levels over controls. Concurring intensities and durations of PAWP and sperm-induced calcium waves, detected by infrared two-photon laser-scanning fluorescence microscopy, were prevented by coinjection of a competitive PPGY-containing peptide derived from PAWP but not by the point-mutated form of this peptide. This study also correlates PAWP and sperm-induced calcium release with meiotic resumption in Xenopus. The similar mode of oocyte activation, and the ability of the competitive peptide in blocking both sperm- and PAWP-induced calcium release, provide evidence for the first time that sperm-anchored PAWP is a primary initiator of zygotic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
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Bahari A, Aarabi M, Aarabi M, Hedayati M, Jarollahi A, Firouzi F, Aghazadeh R, Zali MR, Hashemi M. Diagnostic value of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies and anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody in Iranian patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2009; 72:301-305. [PMID: 19902862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (pANCA) and anti-Saccharomyces Cerevisiae antibody (ASCA) are potential markers for diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of pANCA and ASCA in Iranian patients with IBD. PATIENTS AND METHODS Serum samples were collected from 144 patients with IBD (113 ulcerative colitis and 31 Crohn's disease) and patients with non-IBD problems were assayed for ASCA by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and for pANCA by indirect immunofluorescence assay. RESULTS Sensitivity and specificity of pANCA in UC were 39.8% and 82.1%, respectively. For CD, pASCA test provided the sensitivity of 58% and specificity of 70%. A combination of pANCA+/ASCA- for diagnosis of UC showed a sensitivity of 31.9% and specificity of 89.1%. In addition the combination of pANCA-/ASCA+ showed a sensitivity of 35.5% and specificity of 79.8% for diagnosis of CD. CONCLUSION Due to low sensitivity of pANCA and ASCA alone or in combination, they are not valuable serological markers for diagnosis of UC or CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bahari
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
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Aarabi M, Ousati-Ashtiani Z, Nazarian A, Modarressi MH, Heidari M. Association of TGIFLX/Y mRNA expression with azoospermia in infertile men. Mol Reprod Dev 2008; 75:1761-6. [PMID: 18384077 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.20906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
HOX genes are well-known to encode transcriptional regulatory proteins that play essential roles in directing embryonic development. TGIFLX/Y contains two genes, TGIFLX (X-linked) and TGIFLY (Y-linked), which are specifically expressed in human adult testes. The function(s) of these genes in normal and abnormal development are unknown. To investigate the potential role(s) of the TGIFLX/Y gene in infertile males, a nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed on testicular samples from 110 patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. Although the only 51 (46.4%) of the 110 patients had detectable levels of TGIFLY expression, none of the patients with various spermatogenesis defects showed any of the TGIFLX gene expression found in normal testes. These results suggest that the function of TGIFLX may be required for the regulation of spermatogonial stem cell specification and proliferation. While functional similarity has been demonstrated among some homeobox genes, these results may refute the suggestion of redundancy between TGIFLX and TGIFLY. Furthermore, TGIFLX might be a potential biomarker candidate for male infertility assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aarabi
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avesina Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
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Aarabi M, Modarressi MH, Soltanghoraee H, Behjati R, Amirjannati N, Akhondi MM. Testicular expression of synaptonemal complex protein 3 (SYCP3) messenger ribonucleic acid in 110 patients with nonobstructive azoospermia. Fertil Steril 2006; 86:325-31. [PMID: 16824523 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2005] [Revised: 12/25/2005] [Accepted: 12/25/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the expression of the synaptonemal complex protein-3 (SYCP3) gene in men with nonobstructive azoospermia. DESIGN Cross-sectional case study. SETTING Avesina Infertility Clinic, Tehran, Iran. PATIENT(S) One hundred and ten consecutive infertile men presenting nonobstructive azoospermia. INTERVENTION(S) Testicular biopsies for histopathological assessment and analyses of SYCP3 expression level by semiquantitative nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The SYCP3 levels were normalized to expression of the housekeeping phosphoglucomutase 1 gene. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Expression of SYCP3 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA). Correlation of the histopathological findings with SYCP3 expression levels. RESULTS(S) Testicular SYCP3 mRNA expression was observed in 67/110 (60.9%) patients. The expression level correlated with the degree of spermatogenic failure. Although it was expressed in patients with spermatogenesis and maturation arrest, a lack of expression was seen in all of those men with spermatogonial arrest, Sertoli cell-only syndrome, and testicular atrophy. CONCLUSION(S) These data indicate that SYCP3 is expressed in human testis and is restricted to germ cells. Our findings, in association with those obtained in experimental animals, shows that lack of SYCP3 expression in human testis may have a negative effect on spermatogenesis and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Aarabi
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
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Behjati R, Modarressi MH, Jeddi-Tehrani M, Dokoohaki P, Ghasemi J, Zarnani AH, Aarabi M, Memariani T, Ghaffari M, Akhondi MA. Thrombophilic mutations in Iranian patients with infertility and recurrent spontaneous abortion. Ann Hematol 2006; 85:268-71. [PMID: 16450127 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-005-0021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2005] [Accepted: 09/19/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Factor V Leiden (FVL) G1691A, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T, and factor II (FII) G20210A mutations are three important causes of thrombophilia, the condition that might be related to infertility and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA). In this study we evaluated the presence of these three mutations in 36 female patients with unexplained infertility, 65 female patients with unexplained RSA, and 62 healthy fertile women as control group. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples and PCR-RFLP was performed for the molecular diagnosis of each mutation. In addition, activated protein C resistance (APC-R) was also evaluated. The frequencies of FVL, MTHFR, and FII mutations (heterozygous and homozygous) in the control group were 0.0%, 38.7%, and 3.2%, respectively. The frequency of FVL mutation in patients with infertility (30.6%) or RSA (20.0%) was significantly higher than that of the control group. A significantly higher MTHFR mutation rate was also observed in patients with RSA (63.1%) as compared to controls. However, the mutation rate of MTHFR in patients with infertility (50.0%) was not statistically different from that in controls. No significant difference was observed in the frequencies of FII mutations between the patients and controls. Decreased levels of APC-R were observed in 25.0% of infertile patients and 18.9% of patients with RSA. In conclusion, our results show a skew towards higher mutation frequencies of FVL and MTHFR in patients that may necessitate detection of such mutations in these Iranian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Behjati
- Reproductive Biology, Biotechnology and Infertility Research Center, Avesina Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
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