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Feasibility of Healthy Beverages Policies in American Samoa and Federated States of Micronesia: Water and Coconut Water Only Community Interventions. Health Promot Pract 2023; 24:140S-144S. [PMID: 36999501 DOI: 10.1177/15248399231159420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
American Samoa and the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM) are two small Pacific Island nations that have some of the highest noncommunicable disease (NCD) mortality rates in the world. Supported by church leaders to address obesity as an NCD risk factor, American Samoa, and Chuuk and Kosrae States of FSM selected the implementation of healthy beverages as a nutrition intervention through a water- and coconut water-only pledge in church events. The consumption of water and coconut water was tracked. Across 105 church events in the three jurisdictions, the count of water bottles before and after events decreased from 142.8 to 22.3, the number of coconuts before and after events decreased from 19.6 to 1.2, and cups of water before and after events decreased from 52.9 to 7.6. The promotion of healthy beverages in church settings holds promise in the Pacific as a feasible, accessible, and culturally responsive nutrition approach, given limited access to other nutritional alternatives, e.g., fresh fruits and vegetables. Supplemental health promotion messaging to maintain knowledge and attitudes about healthy is recommended for future scaling up.
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PT01.6: Sketetal Muscle Index at ICU (Intensive Care Unit) Admission is Valid for Predicting the Progression of ICU-Acquired Weakness (ICU-AW) for Septic Patients. Clin Nutr 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(19)32546-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Dose reconstruction from PET images in carbon ion therapy: a deconvolution approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 64:025011. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aaf676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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A Socio-Ecological Framework for Cancer Control in the Pacific: A Community Case Study of the US Affiliated Pacific Island Jurisdictions 1997-2017. Front Public Health 2018; 6:313. [PMID: 30483488 PMCID: PMC6243120 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The United States Affiliated Pacific Island Jurisdictions (USAPIJ) are politically associated to the United States (US) as US Territories (Guam, American Samoa), a US Commonwealth (Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands), and as sovereign nations linked to the US through Compacts of Free Association [Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), Republic of Palau (ROP)]. Cervical cancer incidence in the RMI is the highest in the world, mammography services are not available in the FSM and only Guam has on-island oncology services. Cancer risk factors such as obesity, tobacco, and Hepatitis B are prevalent. Twelve years of nuclear testing in the RMI adds to the cancer burden. A community-based, multi-national coalition with multi-system external partners the Pacific Regional Cancer Control Partnership (PRCP) was developed to address cancer prevention and control in the USAPIJ. Through the PRCP, local cancer coalitions, a regional cancer registry, 12 years of regional cancer control plans, and cancer prevention programs and research has been implemented. Methods: The PRCP is the subject of this community case study. The PRCP is analyzed through a socio-ecological theoretical framework to contextualize its typology, building blocks, and management. The respective roles and work of each partner and organization will be described and aligned with the levels of the socio-ecological framework. Results: The USAPIJs evolved a community-focused internal and external regional cancer prevention and control network over 20 years. The function and structure of the PRCP fits within a socio-ecological framework for cancer control. An adaptive management strategy has been used within the PRCP to manage its multi-national, multi-level, and multi-system partners. Conclusion: The PRCP has been able to advance cancer prevention and control programs with a community-centric model that functions in a multi-national, multi-cultural, low-resource, geographically dispersed environment over the last 20 years. The PRCP operates with a structure and management style that is consistent with a socio-ecological framework for cancer control. This case study provides a blueprint for the PRCP organizational structure and a mechanism for its function. The PRCP concept, a community-centric model for cancer control in multi-national resource-limited environments, may be scaled to other global environments.
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Cancer risk reduction in the US Affiliated Pacific Islands: Utilizing a novel policy, systems, and environmental (PSE) approach. Cancer Epidemiol 2018; 50:278-282. [PMID: 29120837 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Health Directors of the US Affiliated Pacific Islands (USAPI) declared a State of Emergency due to epidemic proportions of lifestyle diseases: cancer, obesity and other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in 2010. This paper describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of a USAPI policy, system and environment (PSE) approach to address lifestyle behaviors associated with cancer and other NCDs. METHODS Each of USAPI jurisdictions applied the PSE approach to tobacco and nutrition interventions in a local institution, faith based, or community setting. A participatory community engagement process was utilized to: identify relevant deleterious health behaviors in the population, develop PSE interventions to modify the context in which the behavior occurs in a particular setting, implement the PSE intervention through five specified activities, and evaluate the activities and behavior change associated with the intervention. RESULTS PSE interventions have been implemented in all USAPI jurisdictions. Current human and financial resources have been adequate to support the interventions. Process and behavior change evaluations have not been completed and is ongoing. Personnel turnover and maintaining the intervention strategy in response due to shifting community demands has been the biggest challenge in one site. CONCLUSION From 2014 through 2016 the PSE approach has been used to implement PSE interventions in all USAPI jurisdictions. The intervention evaluations have not been completed. The PSE intervention is novel and has the potential to be a scalable methodology to prevent cancer and modify NCD risk in the USAPI and small states.
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Clinicopahological features of superficial basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Dis Esophagus 2017; 30:1-5. [PMID: 28881881 DOI: 10.1093/dote/dox076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSC) of the esophagus is classified as an epithelial malignant tumor and is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Most previous reports have suggested that advanced BSC has a poorer prognosis than typical SCC because of its high biological malignancy, but the biological activity of superficial BSC remains unclear. Twenty cases of superficial BSC, which underwent surgical resection in Tokai University Hospital between January 2004 and December 2013, were analyzed retrospectively. Among these cases, 19 cases with a T1 depth of invasion (BSC group) were compared with 180 cases of SCC that were resected during the same period and were pathologically diagnosed as T1 (SCC group). The frequency of lymph node metastasis in the T1 BSC group was significantly lower (2 patients, 11%) than that in the SCC group (84 patients, 47%) (P = 0.005). The frequency of lymphatic invasion in the BSC group was also lower (9 patients, 47%) than that in the SCC group (131 patients, 73%) (P = 0.021). The pathological type of the metastatic lymph node was BSC in all the superficial BSC cases with lymph node metastasis. This study demonstrated that lymph node metastasis was less likely to occur in cases with superficial BSC than in cases with superficial SCC.
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Radiation stability of an InGaZnO thin-film transistor in heavy ion radiotherapy. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/aa78ae] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Unmet Needs of Asian American and Pacific Islander Cancer Survivors. JOURNAL OF CANCER EDUCATION : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR CANCER EDUCATION 2017; 32:374-381. [PMID: 26621507 DOI: 10.1007/s13187-015-0952-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the USA, cancer is the leading cause of death for Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPIs), but little is known about the unmet needs of AAPI cancer survivors, especially from a national perspective. Using a community-based participatory research approach, we partnered with the Asian and Pacific Islander National Cancer Survivors Network and the Asian American Cancer Support Network to design and conduct a cross-sectional survey to understand the unmet needs of a national sample of AAPI cancer survivors. We assessed unmet needs in 10 domains: day-to-day activities, financial expenses, emotional concerns, medical treatment, cancer information, home care, nutrition, physical concerns, family relationships, and spirituality. We also assessed self-reported measures related to quality of life. This national sample of AAPI cancer survivors included people from 14 states and two territories who had been diagnosed with a broad range of cancers, including cancer of the breast, ovary/uterus/cervix, prostate, blood, and other sites. Over 80 % reported at least one unmet need. Participants reported an average of 8.4 unmet needs, spanning an average of 3.9 domains. Most commonly reported were unmet needs pertaining to physical concerns (66 %), day-to-day activities (52 %), and emotional concerns (52 %). This is the first report of unmet needs in a national sample of AAPI cancer survivors with a range of different cancer types. It describes the areas of greatest need and points to the importance of devoting more resources to identifying and addressing unmet needs for the underserved population of AAPI cancer survivors.
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P03.10 Combined immunohistochemistry for IDH1R132H, p53 and ATRX improves the molecular classification of diffuse gliomas in adults. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox036.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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P09.37 Photodynamic therapy using Talaporfin sodium and semiconductor laser combined with maximum tumor resection improves prognosis of patients with glioblastoma. Neuro Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nox036.293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Policy, System, and Environment Strategies to Promote Physical Activity and Healthy Food Sources to Address Guam's Disparate Non-Communicable Disease Burden. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2015; 26:96-103. [PMID: 25981091 DOI: 10.1353/hpu.2015.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In 2013, the Guam Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) Consortium, Department of Public Health and Social Services, and University of Hawaii collaborated to address Guam's NCD burden. This field report describes their efforts to implement policy, system, and environmental interventions through the worksite wellness and community garden programs.
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AI-22 * CLINICAL OUTCOME OF BEVACIZUMAB-TREATED PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT MALIGNANT GLIOMAS. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou238.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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NT-25 * EARLY JAPANESE EXPERIENCE WITH NovoTTF-100A SYSTEM FOR RECURRENT GBM. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou265.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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AT-42 * FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION OF LOW-GRADE GLIOMA. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou237.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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CB-04 * EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF GLIOBLASTOMA TUMORIGENICITY: A HYBRID MODEL. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou241.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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DN-01 * BYPASSING GLIOBLASTOMA RESISTANCE TO EGFR INHIBITORS BY SYNTHETIC LETHALITY. Neuro Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou245.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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PATHOLOGY. Neuro Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/not184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids as a predictor of ischemia/reperfusion injury immediately after myocardial reperfusion in patients with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht308.p1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Fully automatic rapid DNA Ploidy Analyzer for intraoperative rapid diagnosis support. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2013; 2013:906-9. [PMID: 24109835 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2013.6609648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Frozen section studies are a useful method to rapidly define tumor malignancy and identify the extent of surgical resection. However, diagnosis with a frozen section is qualitative and sometimes difficult. Therefore a quantitative method for grading tumors is desired. We have already reported a technique of intraoperative flow cytometry (iFC) that supports intraoperative histopathological examination of frozen sections. In this study, we report an advanced system named "Fully Automatic Rapid DNA Ploidy Analyzer" with a tissue pretreatment function and a freeze-dried reagent kit for cell staining. To evaluate our system, we analyzed samples from glioma patients who underwent open surgery for brain tumors. We observed obvious difference of the Malignancy Index (MI) between neoplastic and perilesional brain tissue (26.0 ±22.1% and 4.1 ±2.5%, respectively, P<0.001). Cut-off level for identification of the tumor in the biopsy specimen was 6.8% which provided 86% sensitivity and 81% specificity. We also obtained a good correlation between the MI and histological grade (WHO grading). Our new system also enabled finishing the process from sample preparation to the end of analysis in ten minutes or less. These results demonstrate that our fully automatic rapid DNA ploidy analyzer is feasible for rapid determination of glioma presence in a surgical biopsy sample.
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LAB-STEM CELLS. Neuro Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nos239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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11C-methionine uptake correlates with combined 1p and 19q loss of heterozygosity in oligodendroglial tumors. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 34:85-91. [PMID: 22766670 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Oligodendroglial tumors with 1p/19q LOH are known to show longer patient survival than those without 1p/19q LOH, but the reason for this clinical difference has not been elucidated, to our knowledge. This study was designed to clarify whether uptake of MET correlates with 1p/19q LOH of oligodendroglial tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 102 consecutive patients with supratentorial WHO grade II and III oligodendroglial tumors (39 oligoastrocytic and 63 oligodendroglial tumors) that were resected and diagnosed between January 2008 and August 2011 at Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital. These patients underwent MET PET T/N ratio measurement before treatment. T/N ratios were calculated by dividing the maximum SUV for the tumor by the mean SUV of the contralateral normal frontal cortex. After surgery, FISH for resected tissues was used to determine 1p/19q LOH. RESULTS The mean T/N ratio of tumors with 1p/19q LOH was significantly greater than that of tumors without 1p/19q LOH (P = .0166). The threshold T/N ratio value of 2.46 was found to correlate significantly with 1p/19q LOH by univariate (P = .0011) and multivariate analyses (P = .0209) in all tumors. CONCLUSIONS The T/N ratio on MET PET might be a useful aid to the diagnosis of 1p/19q LOH. Our data add new information on the biology and imaging characteristics of oligodendroglial tumors with 1p/19q LOH.
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Identification of a new adhesin-like protein from Lactobacillus mucosae ME-340 with specific affinity to the human blood group A and B antigens. J Appl Microbiol 2011; 109:927-35. [PMID: 20408914 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04719.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To identify and characterize a new adhesin-like protein of probiotics that show specific adhesion to human blood group A and B antigens. METHODS AND RESULTS Using the BIACORE assay, the adhesion of cell surface components obtained from four lactobacilli strains that adhered to blood group A and B antigens was tested. Their components showed a significant adhesion to A and B antigens when compared to the bovine serum albumin (BSA) control. The 1 mol l(-1) GHCl fraction extracted from Lactobacillus mucosae ME-340 contained a 29-kDa band (Lam29) using SDS-PAGE. The N-terminal amino acid sequence and homology analysis showed that Lam29 was 90% similar to the substrate-binding protein of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter from Lactobacillus fermentum IFO 3956. The complete nucleotide sequence (858 bp) of Lam29 was determined and encoded a protein of 285 amino acid residues. Phylogenetic analysis and multiple sequence alignments indicated this protein may be related to the cysteine-binding transporter. CONCLUSIONS The adhesion of ME-340 strain to blood group A and B antigens was mediated by Lam29 that is a putative component of ABC transporter as an adhesin-like protein. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Lactobacillus mucosae ME-340 expressing Lam29 may be useful for competitive exclusion of pathogens via blood group antigen receptors in the human gastrointestinal mucosa and in the development of new probiotic foods.
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Identification and expression analysis of connexin-45 and connexin-60 as major connexins in porcine oocytes. J Anim Sci 2010; 88:3269-79. [PMID: 20562362 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2009-2781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
During mammalian oogenesis, intercellular communication between oocytes and the surrounding follicle cells through gap junction channels is crucial for oocyte development and maturation. The channel properties of gap junctions may be affected by the composition or combination of connexins, the expression of which is regulated by gonadotropins and other factors. Thus, identification and expression analysis of connexin genes in oocytes and follicle cells will help us to better understand how oogenesis and folliculogenesis are regulated in a species-specific manner in mammals. We previously reported the spatiotemporal expression of multiple connexin genes in porcine follicle cells. Here, we searched for connexin genes specifically expressed in porcine oocytes that may be involved in the formation of gap junctions between oocytes and follicle cells. To achieve this, we constructed an oocyte-specific cDNA library to identify which connexin genes are expressed in these cells and found that gap junction protein, alpha 10, which encodes connexin-60, and a porcine ortholog of mouse gap junction protein, gamma 1 encoding connexin-45, are the major connexins expressed in porcine oocytes during folliculogenesis. Immunostaining and in situ hybridization of sectioned porcine ovaries confirmed oocyte expression of these genes at 3 different stages of ovary development. Furthermore, their gap junction channel activity was assessed using a heterologous cell system. However, gap junction protein, alpha 4, which encodes connexin-37 and is expressed in the oocytes of several other mammals, was undetectable. We demonstrate that there is diversity in the connexin genes expressed in mammalian oocytes, and hence in the gap junctions connecting oocytes and cumulus cells.
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Disease-specific expression of VEGF and its receptors in AML cells: possible autocrine pathway of VEGF/type1 receptor of VEGF in t(15;17) AML and VEGF/type2 receptor of VEGF in t(8;21) AML. Leuk Lymphoma 2009; 47:89-95. [PMID: 16465716 DOI: 10.1080/10428190500270386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Various angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and an associated molecule, placenta growth factor (PlGF), are thought to be important for normal and malignant hematopoiesis. This study examined mRNA expression of VEGF, PlGF and receptors for these molecules in AML cells and identified the disease-specific patterns of expression. AML M3 having t(15;17) abnormality showed highest expression of VEGF and VEGF receptor type 1 (VEGFR1), suggesting the autocrine pathway of VEGF-VEGFR1. Then, t(8;21) AML demonstrated augmented expression of VEGF and VEGF receptor type 2 (VEGFR2), suggesting VEGF-VEGFR2 autocrine pathway. Then, addition of VEGFR2 kinase inhibitor in Kasumi-1, a t(8;21) AML cell line, resulted in marked inhibition of cell growth, although growth inhibitory effect of R2 kinase inhibitor to HL-60 was marginal. In addition, cell cycle analysis study showed S-phase cell population reduction by R2 kinase inhibitor in Kasumi-1, but not in HL-60. This observation is thought to be the rationale for novel molecular target therapy directed to angiogenic molecules.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Autocrine Communication/genetics
- Cell Cycle/drug effects
- Cell Cycle/physiology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8/genetics
- Disease
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic/genetics
- HL-60 Cells
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Placenta Growth Factor
- Pregnancy Proteins/biosynthesis
- Pregnancy Proteins/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Translocation, Genetic/genetics
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/biosynthesis
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1/biosynthesis
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/biosynthesis
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2/genetics
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Enprostil, a Prostaglandin-E2 Analogue, Inhibits Interleukin-8 Production of Human Colonic Epithelial Cell Lines. Scand J Immunol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2000.00815.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Subsequent VF/pulseless-VT is associated with better outcomes from out-of-hospital cardiac arrests with initial non-shockable rhythms in Osaka, Japan. Resuscitation 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2008.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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POS-03.104: A prospective study of quality of life following high-intensity focused ultrasound therapy in the treatment of localized prostate cancer. Urology 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.06.650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
The serine protease Omi/HtrA2 was initially regarded as a proapoptotic molecule that proteolyses several proteins to induce cell death. Recent studies, however, indicate that loss of Omi protease activity increases susceptibility to stress-induced cell death. These complicated findings suggest that the protease activity of Omi is involved not only in apoptosis but also in cellular homeostasis. However, the targets which Omi uses to mediate this novel process are unknown. Previously, we showed that WARTS (WTS)/large tumor-suppressor 1 mitotic kinase interacts with the protein/discs-large protein/zonula (PDZ) domain of Omi and promotes its protease activity. We now report that WTS is a substrate for Omi protease activity, thus it is not only a regulator but also a downstream target of this protease. Interaction with Omi PDZ domain is required for WTS to be proteolysed. When caspase-9-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were treated with staurosporine, WTS was proteolysed by activated endogenous Omi without induction of cell death. Therefore, protease activity of Omi and proteolysis of WTS are not necessarily required for cell death. We found that depletion of Omi from HeLa cells results in accelerated cell proliferation despite no significant change in the duration of mitosis. The depletion of WTS showed the same effect on S phase progression. Therefore, WTS proteolytic fragment(s) generated by Omi may act as an inhibitor of G1/S progression. Our data reveal a role for Omi-mediated processing of WTS in negative regulation of cell cycle progression at interphase, suggesting a novel function of Omi other than apoptosis.
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Gene expression changes in a patient presenting nonleukaemic nasal granulocytic sarcoma to acute myelogenous leukaemia using 40 K cDNA microarray. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 28:262-6. [PMID: 16898967 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2257.2006.00803.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This is a case report of granulocytic sarcoma occurring as a nasal lesion prior to the onset of acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML). To understand this case in more detail, we used 40,000 human cDNA microarray to identify the gene expression patterns of nonleukaemic stage bone marrow (BM), AML stage BM and AML stage peripheral blood cells and subsequently define the molecular basis of this disease progression. Of significance, we have tracked the expression profile of BM samples during the course of nonleukaemic to leukaemic progression, and identified a number of genes that may account for the growth potential of leukaemia cells and indicate poor prognosis of this case.
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Abstract
The adenovirus type 5 gene E1A is known to suppress tumorigenicity by transcriptionally downregulating HER-2/neu (HER2) or by inducing apoptosis. We show here that E1A also suppressed the tumorigenicity of the low-HER2-expressing ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR-3 by decreasing cell proliferation. We further found that the mechanism responsible for this reduced proliferation is the presence of PEA15 (phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes), which is upregulated by E1A in ovarian cancer; PEA15 promotes translocation of ERK from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, leading to inhibition of ERK-dependent transcription and proliferation. Indeed, siRNA-mediated knockdown of PEA15 expression in OVCAR-3 stable E1A transfectants resulted in a nuclear accumulation of the active form of ERK, followed by an increase in Elk-1 activity, DNA synthesis, and anchorage-independent growth. Finally, PEA15 by itself suppressed colony formation in breast and ovarian cancer cell lines, in which E1A is known to have antitumor activity. We conclude that part of the antitumor effect of E1A in ovarian cancer results from cytoplasmic sequestration of the activated form of ERK by PEA15.
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[Report on the 90th Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting of the Radiological Society of North America-- Comparison of non physical wedge and physical wedge using film method]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2005; 61:982-3. [PMID: 16049410 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.kj00003326903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
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Expression of the EP4 prostaglandin E2 receptor subtype with rat dextran sodium sulphate colitis: colitis suppression by a selective agonist, ONO-AE1-329. Scand J Immunol 2002; 56:66-75. [PMID: 12100473 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3083.2002.01096.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Expression of the EP4 receptor, a prostaglandin (PG)E2 receptor subtype, as well as disease suppression by the administration of a selective EP4 agonist (ONO-AE1-329) was investigated in the colorectal mucosa of rats with dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis. Rats were given drinking water containing 3% DSS for 2 weeks. Expression of EP4 receptor mRNA was barely detectable under normal conditions according to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). By 1 week after the initial administration of DSS, the receptor mRNA was strongly expressed. After ONO-AE1-329 was administered intracolonically to rats with DSS colitis for 7 consecutive days, erosion and ulceration decreased. Peripheral white blood cell (WBC) counts became less elevated. Interleukin (IL)-1beta and growth-regulated gene product/cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (GRO/CINC-1) concentrations in colorectal mucosa were lower than in colitis control group (IL-1beta: 12.8 +/- 4.6 and 30.8 +/- 6.2 microg/mg protein, P < 0.05; GRO/CINC-1: 15.5 +/- 3.0 and 39.2 +/- 5.4 microg/mg protein, P < 0.05), and the expression of the corresponding cytokine mRNA was strongly suppressed. IL-10 concentration was higher than in control group (14.5 +/- 1.7 and 7.9 +/- 1.2 microg/mg, P < 0.05), and the mRNA was more strongly expressed. These results suggest that the EP4 receptor is important in colonic inflammation, and that PGE2 suppresses DSS colitis at least partly via the EP4 receptor and the above cytokine changes. Intracolonic administration of selective EP4 agonist might have therapeutic applicability in inflammatory bowel disease such as ulcerative colitis.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Animals
- Anti-Ulcer Agents/administration & dosage
- Anti-Ulcer Agents/pharmacology
- CHO Cells
- Chemokine CXCL1
- Chemokines, CXC
- Chemotactic Factors/biosynthesis
- Chemotactic Factors/genetics
- Chemotactic Factors/immunology
- Colitis/chemically induced
- Colitis/genetics
- Colitis/immunology
- Colitis/pathology
- Colon/enzymology
- Colon/immunology
- Colon/pathology
- Cricetinae
- Dextran Sulfate/adverse effects
- Dinoprostone/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Gene Expression
- Growth Substances/biosynthesis
- Growth Substances/genetics
- Growth Substances/immunology
- Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
- Interleukin-1/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-1/genetics
- Interleukin-1/immunology
- Interleukin-10/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Interleukin-10/immunology
- Leukocyte Count
- Male
- Methyl Ethers/administration & dosage
- Methyl Ethers/pharmacology
- Peroxidase/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E/agonists
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E/genetics
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype
- Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP4 Subtype
- Time Factors
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Expression of endothelial cell-associated molecules in AML cells. Leukemia 2002; 16:112-9. [PMID: 11840270 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2402326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2001] [Accepted: 08/28/2001] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recently, it has been clarified that interaction between hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells is important in normal hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. In this study, we examined the relationship between AML cells and endothelial cells by analyzing the expression profile of angiogenic factors, angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), Ang-2, Tie-2 (a receptor for angiopoietins) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Our results demonstrated that CD7(+)AML expressed Ang-2 mRNA frequently and integrin-family adhesion molecules (CD11c and CD18) intensively, suggesting the close correlation with endothelial cells. On the other hand, in t(8;21) AML cells, expression of Ang-2 was infrequent and expression of integrin-family adhesion molecules (CD11b, CD11c and CD18) was weak, suggesting the sparse association with endothelial cells. As for CD7(+)AML cells, despite the frequent and intense expression of endothelial cell-associated molecules (such as Ang-2, CD11c and CD18), intensity of Tie-2 expression was quite low (P < 0.05). Ang-2 expressed in CD7(+)AML cells is not considered to act in an autocrine fashion, but to work on endothelial cells to "feed" leukemic cells. Although Ang-2 is recognized as a natural antagonist for Tie-2, our data presented here suggested the alternative role of Ang-2 in the relationship between endothelial cells and leukemia cells, at least in a subset of leukemia such as CD7(+)AML. These results were supported by the study using AML cell lines, KG-1 (CD7 negative) and its subline KG-1a (CD7 positive); KG-1 had mRNA expression profile of Ang-1(+)Ang-2(-)Tie-2(+), while KG-1a showed Ang-1(+)Ang-2(+)Tie-2(-). These difference in the expression profile of angiogenic factors between CD7(+)AML and t(8;21)AML may explain the characteristic morphological features of these leukemias (CD7(+)AML as blastic type and t(8;21)AML as differentiative type).
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Angiopoietin-1
- Angiopoietin-2
- Antigens, CD7/analysis
- Blood Cells/pathology
- Bone Marrow Cells/pathology
- CD18 Antigens/biosynthesis
- CD18 Antigens/genetics
- Cell Cycle
- Cells, Cultured/metabolism
- Endothelial Growth Factors/biosynthesis
- Endothelial Growth Factors/genetics
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- Integrin alphaXbeta2/biosynthesis
- Integrin alphaXbeta2/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology
- Lymphokines/biosynthesis
- Lymphokines/genetics
- Macrophage-1 Antigen/biosynthesis
- Macrophage-1 Antigen/genetics
- Membrane Glycoproteins/biosynthesis
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Protein Biosynthesis
- Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins
- Receptor, TIE-2
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/metabolism
- Umbilical Veins/cytology
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
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Posttreatment nadir M-protein level is a stronger discriminator of survival following plateau attainment than is percent reduction in M-protein in patients with IgG myeloma. Int J Hematol 2001; 74:205-8. [PMID: 11594523 DOI: 10.1007/bf02982006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a retrospective study of patients with IgG or IgA myeloma who attained plateau to evaluate the relationships between survival and posttreatment nadir M-protein levels and between survival and the response to treatment evaluated by the percent reduction in M-protein. Of the 127 patients comprising 92 IgG and 35 IgA myeloma patients with disease stages II or III, 51 (40.2%) attained plateau. For IgG myeloma patients who attained plateau, survival time was not affected by the percent reduction in M-protein (median survival, 59.5 months for responding patients versus 54.4 months for nonresponding patients, P = .6910). Posttreatment nadir M-protein level, however, did affect survival time (median survival, 61.2 months for <3000 mg/dL versus 25.7 months for >3000 mg/dL, P = .0439). These findings suggest that the posttreatment nadir M-protein level is a stronger discriminator of survival following plateau attainment than the percent reduction of M-protein in patients with IgG myeloma.
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[Successful cyclosporine therapy for a young patient with refractory anemia, myelodysplastic syndrome]. NIHON NAIKA GAKKAI ZASSHI. THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE SOCIETY OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2001; 90:1070-2. [PMID: 11460371 DOI: 10.2169/naika.90.1070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Abstract
Chromosome 14q +, which represents a chromosomal rearrangement involving the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IgH) locus, is a genetic hallmark of human multiple myeloma (MM). Here, we report the identification of (14;20)(q32;q11) chromosomal translocations found in MM cells. Double color fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses pinpointed the breakpoints at the 20q11 locus in two MM cell lines within a length of at most 680 kb between the KIAA0823 and MAFB gene loci. Among the transcribed sequences in the vicinity of the breakpoints, an ectopic expression of the MAFB gene, which is located at 450 - 680 kb telomeric to one of the breakpoints and encodes a member of the MAF family basic region / leucine zipper transcription factor, was demonstrated to be associated with t(14;20). This finding, together with that of a previous study describing its transforming activity, suggests that the MAFB gene may be one of the targets deregulated by regulatory elements of the IgH gene as a result of t(14;20).
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MESH Headings
- Avian Proteins
- Blotting, Northern
- Chromosomes, Artificial, Yeast
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 20
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- Enhancer Elements, Genetic
- Genes, Immunoglobulin/genetics
- Genetic Markers
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Karyotyping
- MafB Transcription Factor
- Models, Genetic
- Multiple Myeloma/genetics
- Multiple Myeloma/metabolism
- Oncogene Proteins/biosynthesis
- Phenotype
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Sequence Tagged Sites
- Trans-Activators/biosynthesis
- Transcription Factors
- Translocation, Genetic
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Abstract
A 57-year-old woman was hospitalized with malignant lymphoma of the right talus. After treatment, complete remission was obtained. Gallium-67 scintigraphy to confirm the remission demonstrated increased uptake in the whole body skeletal muscle, especially in her thighs. Biopsy of right gastrocnemius muscle showed epithelioid granuloma. Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme activity (ACE) and lysozyme had increased to several times the normal range. We diagnosed her disease as bone-associated sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome. Human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8) genome was examined in the bone marrow specimen, and the relationship between sarcoidosis-lymphoma syndrome and HHV-8 was discussed.
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Estimation of mucosal inflammatory mediators in rat DSS-induced colitis. Possible role of PGE(2) in protection against mucosal damage. Digestion 2001; 63 Suppl 1:73-80. [PMID: 11173914 DOI: 10.1159/000051915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In order to investigate the mucosal injury mechanism in UC, we made dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in rat and examined pathological findings, MPO activity, PGE(2) level, and local mRNA expression and secretion of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, GRO/CINC-1 and IL-10 in DSS colitis mucosa. Moreover, we estimated the correlation between the severity of mucosal damage and changes of these local inflammatory mediators' values. Neutrophil infiltration was marked and MPO activity was locally increased in proportion to the severity of mucosal damage. The mRNA expression and secretion of IL-1 beta, GRO/CINC-1 and IL-10 were increased. Especially, the secretions of IL-1 beta and GRO/CINC-1 were increased in proportion to the severity of mucosal damage. However, those of TNF-alpha were not increased in the colitis mucosa. An abnormal macrophage function and the presence of macrophage subtypes producing different cytokines would be predicted from our TNF-alpha data. The lesion was less severe in the colonic mucosa with higher levels of endogenous PGE(2), while it was more severe in the colonic mucosa with lower levels of endogenous PGE(2), implicating this compound as an inhibitory factor against the development of inflammation in the affected mucosa. Our results suggest that PGE(2) might have therapeutic applicability to UC.
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Characterization and tumorigenicity of human ovarian surface epithelial cells immortalized by SV40 large T antigen. Gynecol Oncol 2001; 81:10-7. [PMID: 11277643 DOI: 10.1006/gyno.2000.6084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Epithelial ovarian cancers are considered to arise from neoplastic transformation of the ovarian surface epithelium (OSE). However, the earliest events in ovarian carcinogenesis have not been clearly defined because patients are often diagnosed in the advanced stages and useful in vivo and in vitro experimental systems using human OSE cells are lacking. We aimed to improve the availability of experimental models for the study of human ovarian carcinogenesis. METHODS Subcultured human OSE cells were transfected with SV40 large T antigen. Resulting OSE cell lines were characterized using immunocytochemistry and tested tumorigenicity. RESULTS Six immortalized OSE cell lines were obtained. All cell lines essentially retained the original morphological features of normal OSE cells and showed higher proliferation rates and saturation density. Although they were all nontumorigenic in athymic mice, OSE2b-2 sv cells, which were selected in soft agar from colonies of an SV40 large T antigen-expressing transfectant, OSE2b sv, produced tumors on the peritoneal surface, mesothelium, and diaphragm and induced ascites after being injected intraperitoneally. Solid tumors also grew when mice were inoculated subcutaneously. The tumor cells were formed in a solid sheet arrangement and no evidence of glandular or squamous differentiation was present. They were weakly immunostained with an antibody against cytokeratin, and intercellular junctions resembling attachment devices were ultrastructurally present between cells. The tumors were histologically diagnosed as undifferentiated carcinomas. CONCLUSIONS The established cell lines may provide a model system to investigate the mechanisms of cytogenic and molecular changes from normal OSE cells through the various steps of transformation.
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Improvement of splenomegaly and pancytopenia by enzyme replacement therapy against type 1 Gaucher disease: a report of sibling cases. Int J Hematol 2001; 73:356-62. [PMID: 11345203 DOI: 10.1007/bf02981962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease is a genetic lipid storage disease and represents a potentially serious health problem. It arises from a deficiency of glucocerebrosidase activity with secondary accumulation of large quantities of glucocerebroside. Symptoms are usually multisystemic, often debilitating or disabling, and sometimes disfiguring, and they can lead to death. We report objective clinical response's to repeated infusion of human placental and recombinant glucocerebrosidase in 2 patients with type 1 Gaucher disease and increased hemoglobin levels and platelet counts. Splenic volume decreased during the period of enzyme administration. Enzyme replacement therapy has improved the treatment of type 1 Gaucher disease by safely and effectively arresting, decreasing, or normalizing many of its major signs and symptoms. Consideration by physicians must be given to Gaucher disease, and appropriate treatments must be given when confronted with cryptogenic pancytopenia or hepatosplenomegaly.
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Acid stimulates E-cadherin surface expression on gastric epithelial cells to stabilize barrier functions via influx of calcium. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2001; 13:127-36. [PMID: 11246611 DOI: 10.1097/00042737-200102000-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS E-cadherin, which is a [Ca2+]-dependent, homotypic cell-cell adhesion molecule, is expressed in gastrointestinal epithelial cells. Much has been learned about the down-regulation of E-cadherin expression in gastrointestinal tumours, Barrett's oesophageal dysplasia, and Crohn's disease, but the functions of this molecule in normal gastrointestinal mucosa are less known. METHODS In this study, we investigated the relationship between E-cadherin expression and permeability using rat cultured gastric and intestinal epithelial cells following a 30-min exposure to various pH solutions. We also investigated the participation of [Ca2+] in these events. RESULTS E-cadherin expression increased under acid (pH 4) but not alkali (pH 10 or 11) exposure only for gastric epithelial cells. Gastric epithelial permeability was maintained only against acid exposure while intestinal permeability increased under both conditions. Transient influx of [Ca2+] was only observed for gastric epithelial cells just after acid exposure. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that E-cadherin expression on gastric epithelium stabilizes the epithelial barrier against acid, probably through influx of [Ca2+]. This event is thought to be one of the protective mechanisms in gastric mucosa against acid back-diffusion, which is one of the causes of peptic ulcer formation.
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45
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Mechanism of hyperploid cell formation induced by microtubule inhibiting drug in glioma cell lines. Oncogene 2001; 20:420-9. [PMID: 11313973 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1204126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2000] [Revised: 11/06/2000] [Accepted: 11/16/2000] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Checkpoint mechanism plays a crucial role in ensuring genomic integrity during cell cycle. Loss of checkpoint function is known to induce genomic instability and to alter ploidy of dividing cells. In this study, we examined mechanisms of hyperploid formation in glioma cells by treatment with nocodazole, which activates spindle assembly checkpoint by inhibiting microtubule polymerization. By prolonged nocodazole treatment, U251MG human glioma cell, which has a p53 mutation, underwent transient arrest at mitosis, and subsequently exited from mitotic arrest (termed 'mitotic slippage') followed by DNA replication without cytokinesis, resulting in hyperploid formation. Additionally, the heterogeneity in the number of centrosomes per cell increased during the hyperploid formation, suggesting that these hyperploid cells have genomic instability. By employing LN382 glioma cell that has a temperature-sensitive p53 mutation, we found that the activation of p53 prevents hyperploid formation after the prolonged nocodazole treatment. Furthermore, staurosporine, an inhibitor for a broad range of serine/threonine kinases including cdc2, was found to enhance hyperploid formation in U251MG cells by accelerating the induction of mitotic slippage. Interestingly, inhibitors specific for cdc2 kinase prevented the G2 to M transition but did not accelerate mitotic slippage, suggesting that staurosporine-sensitive kinases other than cdc2 are required for maintenance of spindle assembly checkpoint. Moreover, the enhancement of hyperploid formation by staurosporine was also blocked by p53-dependent G1 checkpoint. These results suggest that abrogation of G1 checkpoint is a critical factor for formation of hyperploid cells after the mitotic slippage.
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Decrease of L-selectin expression on human CD34+ cells on freeze-thawing and rapid recovery with short-term incubation. Exp Hematol 2001; 29:114-22. [PMID: 11164112 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-472x(00)00615-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the homing process of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) to bone marrow, several adhesion molecules play important roles. However, HPCs are subjected to dramatic alteration of freeze-thawing that could affect these molecules. In this study, we investigated the effect of cryopreservation on the expression of adhesion molecules on HPCs. The expression of different adhesion molecules on CD34+ cells was examined by flow cytometry using an immunofluorescence technique. Changes in expression before and after cryopreservation, and that of L-selectin on addition of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or with serum incubation, were investigated. The relationship between expression and function was also determined using a transmigration assay system. L-selectin expression on CD34+ cells derived from mobilized peripheral blood (MPB), bone marrow (BM), and umbilical cord blood (CB) was significantly decreased from 37% to 23%, 48% to 11%, and 67% to 19%, respectively, by the freeze-thawing process, while the expression of other adhesion molecules was not appreciably changed. Within 30 minutes of incubation with DMSO, L-selectin expression on CD34(+) cells significantly decreased from 65% to 22%. Furthermore, this was completely prevented by the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor, KB-R8301, indicating that the loss of L-selectin was due to shedding mediated by an MMP. To determine if L-selectin expression can be upregulated after cryopreservation, thawed samples were cultured overnight with serum. Values were observed to return to or rise higher than those of the fresh samples, this being particularly rapid and pronounced when the CD34+ cells were cocultured with the human BM stromal cell line, HS-27A. Therefore, this adhesion molecule could possibly be restored in vivo after transplantation in a way similar to the in vitro case. Despite considerable damage to HPCs during cryopreservation, changes in these cells are reversible, in line with successful restoration of hematopoiesis after transplantation.
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Enprostil, a prostaglandin-E(2) analogue, inhibits interleukin-8 production of human colonic epithelial cell lines. Scand J Immunol 2000; 52:570-5. [PMID: 11119262 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3083.2000.00815.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported that intracolonic administration of enprostil, a prostaglandin-E(2) (PGE(2)) analogue, had therapeutic effects on acute colitis induced in rodents by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). In addition, production of growth-regulated gene product/cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 [GRO/CINC-1; an interleukin(IL)-8 like cytokine] was suppressed in the inflamed tissues. In the present study we used a human colon cancer cell line (HT-29) to investigate enprostil effects on the IL-8 production of intestinal epithelial cells stimulated by various stimulants. In a MTT assay, concentrations of enprostil >10(-5)M had cytotoxitic effects on HT-29 cells. Furthermore, 10(-6) M enprostil suppressed IL-8 production in HT-29 cells, SW620 and CaCo2 stimulated with interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), but did not suppress this response when cells were stimulated with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. These results suggest that enprostil affects a point in the pathway between the IL-1 receptor or LPS receptor and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-kappa B), without affecting the pathway between the TNF receptor and NF-kappa B, with the latter factor being required for the IL-8 gene transcription. The therapeutic effect of exogenous enprostil on DSS colitis may involve the inhibition of IL-8 production in colonic epithelial cells stimulated by IL-1 beta or LPS.
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A novel cytoplasmic GTPase XAB1 interacts with DNA repair protein XPA. Nucleic Acids Res 2000; 28:4212-8. [PMID: 11058119 PMCID: PMC113144 DOI: 10.1093/nar/28.21.4212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2000] [Revised: 09/13/2000] [Accepted: 09/13/2000] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The xeroderma pigmentosum group A protein (XPA) plays a central role in nucleotide excision repair (NER). To identify proteins that bind to XPA, we screened a HeLa cDNA library using the yeast two-hybrid system. Here we report a novel cytoplasmic GTP-binding protein, designated XPA binding protein 1 (XAB1). The deduced amino acid sequence of XAB1 consisted of 374 residues with a molecular weight of 41 kDa and an isoelectric point of 4.65. Sequence analysis revealed that XAB1 has four sequence motifs G1-G4 of the GTP-binding protein family in the N-terminal half. XAB1 also contains an acidic region in the C-terminal portion. Northern blot analysis showed that XAB1 mRNA is expressed ubiquitously, and immunofluorescence analysis revealed that XAB1 is localized mainly in the cytoplasm. Consistent with the GTP-binding motif, purified recombinant XAB1 protein has intrinsic GTPase activity. Using the yeast two-hybrid system, we elucidated that XAB1 binds to the N-terminal region of XPA. The deletion of five amino acids, residues 30-34 of XPA, required for nuclear localization of XPA abolished the interaction with XAB1. These results suggest that XAB1 is a novel cytoplasmic GTPase involved in nuclear localization of XPA.
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Pharmacological and immunohistochemical characterization of a mouse model of acute herpetic pain. JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 2000; 83:319-26. [PMID: 11001178 DOI: 10.1254/jjp.83.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
We have recently found that the infection with herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) of primary sensory neurons induces nociceptive hypersensitivity to noxious mechanical (hyperalgesia) and tactile stimulation (allodynia) in mice. In the present experiments, we determined the distribution of HSV-1 in the dorsal root ganglia and examined the effects of four analgesic agents on hyperalgesia and allodynia. HSV-1 was inoculated on the unilateral shin. HSV-antigen-positive cells were detected in the L4 and L5 dorsal root ganglia on days 5 and 7, but not day 3, post-inoculation. About 80% of the positive cells were small in size. Allodynia and hyperalgesia appeared on day 5 post-inoculation. Antinociceptive effects of analgesic agents were examined on day 6 post-inoculation. Morphine (1-5 mg/kg, subcutaneous) and gabapentin (10-100 mg/kg, peroral) dose-dependently inhibited both allodynia and hyperalgesia. Diclofenac (10-100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) also produced antinociceptive effects, but there was a ceiling for the effect on hyperalgesia. Amitriptyline (3, 10 mg/kg, subcutaneous) did not affect allodynia and hyperalgesia. The results suggest that mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia appeared when HSV-1 proliferated in the sensory neurons. This mouse model may be useful for studying the mechanisms of acute herpetic pain and anti-neuropathic pain agents.
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50
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Midgut malrotation in adulthood. Intern Med 2000; 39:626-31. [PMID: 10939535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
A 29-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a history of recurrent right upper quadrant abdominal pain and vomiting. These symptoms appeared intermittently for 7 years. Various examinations revealed a diagnosis of midgut malrotation. Laparotomy was performed and revealed reverse rotation of the duodenum with paraduodenal hernia and a normal rotating colon. This case suggests that recurrent abdominal complaints in an adult should arouse suspicion of midgut malrotation.
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