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Persistent influence of precession on northern ice sheet variability since the early Pleistocene. Science 2022; 376:961-967. [PMID: 35617392 DOI: 10.1126/science.abm4033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Prior to ~1 million years ago (Ma), variations in global ice volume were dominated by changes in obliquity; however, the role of precession remains unresolved. Using a record of North Atlantic ice rafting spanning the past 1.7 million years, we find that the onset of ice rafting within a given glacial cycle (reflecting ice sheet expansion) consistently occurred during times of decreasing obliquity whereas mass ice wasting (ablation) events were consistently tied to minima in precession. Furthermore, our results suggest that the ubiquitous association between precession-driven mass wasting events and glacial termination is a distinct feature of the mid to late Pleistocene. Before then (increasing), obliquity alone was sufficient to end a glacial cycle, before losing its dominant grip on deglaciation with the southward extension of Northern Hemisphere ice sheets since ~1 Ma.
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A rare case of reactive granulomatous dermatitis during COVID-19: a possible role of cephalosporine and potential mechanisms. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:e609-e611. [PMID: 35352414 PMCID: PMC9114838 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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3
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Pediatric Lung Transplantation−Intermediate Outcomes of a Japanese Center. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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4
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Risk Assessment of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction Phenotypes after Living-Donor Lobar Lung Transplantation According to the 2019 ISHLT Classification System. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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5
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Anti-HMGB1 Monoclonal Antibody Ameliorates Lung Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Mice. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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6
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Combination of Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Glasgow Prognostic Score Improves Prognostic Accuracy in Lung Transplantation: Validation of 9 Preoperative Prognostic Scoring Methods. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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7
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Plasma Levels of Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein are Associated with the Development of Primary Graft Dysfunction after Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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8
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The UNCX Polymorphism is Associated with the Development of Renal Dysfunction after Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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9
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Malignancy after Lung Transplantation in Japan. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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10
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Plasma micro-RNA Levels are Associated with the Development of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction after Bilateral Living-Donor and Cadaveric Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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11
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P5750Manipulation strategy for crossing coronary chronic total occlusion: an update from the Japanese CTO-PCI expert registry. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) strategy for chronic total occlusion (CTO) based on the guidewire manipulation time remains infrequent.
Purpose
We aimed to assess CTO-PCI strategy on the basis of guidewire manipulation time.
Methods
A total of 5843 patients undergoing CTO PCI between January 2014 and December 2017 and enrolled in the Japanese CTO-PCI expert registry were assessed. Their CTO-PCI strategies, procedural outcomes, and guidewire manipulation time were analysed.
Results
The primary retrograde approach was performed on 1562 patients (26.7%). The overall guidewire and technical success rates were 92.8% and 90.6%, respectively. Median guidewire manipulation time of guidewire success and failure were 56 (interquatile range [IQR]: 22 to 111) min and 176 (IQR: 130 to 229) min, respectively. The average Japanese CTO score of the primary antegrade approach with the antegrade alone, the primary antegrade approach with the retrograde approach, and the primary retrograde approach were 1.7±1.1, 2.1±1.2, and 2.3±1.1, respectively (p<0.001). Median successful guidewire crossing time of single wiring in the antegrade alone was 23 (IQR: 11 to 44) min, and that of the primary retrograde approach was significantly shorter than that of the primary antegrade approach with the retrograde approach (107 [IQR: 70 to 161] min vs. 126 [IQR: 87 to 174] min; p<0.001). Reattempt, CTO length ≥20 mm, and proximal cap ambiguity were the predictors of guidewire failure in the primary antegrade approach with antegrade alone, but were not those in the primary retrograde approach.
Conclusions
Although successful guidewire crossing time of the primary antegrade approach with the antegrade alone is short, that of the primary retrograde approach can be shorter than that of the primary antegrade approach with the retrograde approach. Choosing an appropriate CTO-PCI strategy leads to shortening of successful guidewire crossing time.
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P2.18-12 Prognostic Nutrition Index Affects Prognosis of Trimodality Therapy for Locally Advanced Lung Cancer with High T Factor. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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EP1.01-18 Clinical Features of Locally Advanced Lung Cancer Patients with Radiation Pneumonitis After Induction Chemoradiotherapy. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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14
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MA20.11 Surgical Treatment for Metastatic Lung Tumors from Sarcomas of Soft Tissue and Bone. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Differences in Onset of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction between Living Donor and Cadaveric Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.1041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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New Technique Which Was Combined Living Donor Lower Lobe with Cadaveric Marginal Lung as Called “Hybrid Lung Transplant”. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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17
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Inverted Lung Transplantation: Interposition of Pericardial Conduit for Pulmonary Venous Anastomosis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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18
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Early Shift of Lung Perfusion to the Unilateral Lung Predicts the Development of Unilateral Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction after Bilateral Living-Donor Lobar Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.1040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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P1.17-17 The Impact of Induction Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Surgery for N1 Involved Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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P1.14-30 Prognostic Factors for Sarcoma Patients with Lung Metastasis Who Underwent Extended Pulmonary Resection. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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P1.17-15 Perioperative Prognostic Nutrition Index for Induction Chemoradiotherapy Followed by Surgery in Locally Advanced Non-Small Lung Cancers. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.1048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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P1.14-29 Surgical Treatment for Metastatic Lung Tumors from Various Sarcomas. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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3143Excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species emission from circulating blood cells is associated with severity of heart failure and exercise intolerance. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.3143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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24
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Experience of Using mTOR Inhibitor in Lung Transplant at Recipients With Lymphangioleiomyomatosis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.1186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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25
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Overexpression of SOCS3 Attenuates Tracheal Allograft Rejection in the Early Phase After Murine Heterotopic Tracheal Transplantation by the Inhibition of Th1 Response. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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26
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Early Detection of Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction After Bilateral Living Donor Lobar Lung Transplantation by Computed Tomographic Scanning Scoring Method. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.1152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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27
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The Feasibility of Lung Transplantation From Donors Mechanically Ventilated for Prolonged Periods. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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28
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Spred-2 is Necessary to Protect Against Lung Graft Injury After Mouse Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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29
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OC-0520: Positional errors between actual and predicted pancreas based on the surrogate signal using MRI. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)30830-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Increased Plasma Levels of Donor-derived Cell-free DNA Correlate With Acute Rejection in the Recipients of Living Donor-lobar Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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31
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Series production of ITER toroidal field coil double pancakes in Japan. FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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32
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Marinesco bodies are related to nuclear enlargement in pigment cells of sabstantia nigra. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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33
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P4220Feasibility of contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion in chronic kidney disease patients: sub-analysis of Japanese multicenter registry. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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P4222Examination of chronic total occlusion cases who were switched to antegrade approach after failure of retrograde procedure from the Japanese Retrograde Summit Registry. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx504.p4222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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35
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Post-Lung Transplant Outcome & Risk Matching Between Donor & Recipient - Score-Based Analyses. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.1512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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36
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Meticulous Closure of Collateral Blood Flow in the Perihilar Mediastinal Pleura Decreases Bleeding and Surgical Mortality in Lung Transplant Recipients with Pulmonary Hypertension. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.1031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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37
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Warm Retrograde Perfusion Can Remove More Fat from Lung Grafts with Fat Embolism in a Porcine Donor Model. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Fission yeast APC/C activators Slp1 and Fzr1 sequentially trigger two consecutive nuclear divisions during meiosis. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:1029-1040. [PMID: 28245054 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In meiosis, two rounds of nuclear division occur consecutively without DNA replication between the divisions. We isolated a fission yeast mutant in which the nucleus divides only once to generate two spores, as opposed to four, in meiosis. In this mutant, we found that the initiation codon of the slp1+ gene is converted to ATA, producing a reduced amount of Slp1. As a member of the Fizzy family of anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) activators, Slp1 is essential for vegetative growth; however, the mutant allele shows a phenotype only in meiosis. Slp1 insufficiency delays degradation of maturation-promoting factor at the first meiotic division, and another APC/C activator, Fzr1, which acts late in meiosis, terminates meiosis immediately after the delayed first division to produce two viable spores.
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Refinement of Lung Donor Scoring System with Consideration for Negative Impact of Prolonged Donor Intubation Time. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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40
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Not Donor’s but Recipient’s Airway Organisms Are Relevant to Post-Lung Transplant Pneumonia. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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41
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Prolonged Administration of Twice Daily Bolus Intravenous Tacrolimus Early after Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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42
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Cadaveric Lobar Lung Transplantation Based on the Experiences of Living-Donor Lobar Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.1052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Abstract
Since its introduction in the early 1990s, layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly of films has been widely used in the fields of nanoelectronics, optics, sensors, surface coatings, and controlled drug delivery. The growth of this industry is propelled by the ease of film manufacture, low cost, mild assembly conditions, precise control of coating thickness, and versatility of coating materials. Despite the wealth of research on LbL for biomolecule delivery, clinical translation has been limited and slow. This review provides an overview of methods and mechanisms of loading biomolecules within LbL films and achieving controlled release. In particular, this review highlights recent advances in the development of LbL coatings for the delivery of different types of biomolecules including proteins, polypeptides, DNA, particles and viruses. To address the need for co-delivery of multiple types of biomolecules at different timing, we also review recent advances in incorporating compartmentalization into LbL assembly. Existing obstacles to clinical translation of LbL technologies and enabling technologies for future directions are also discussed.
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Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction After Bilateral Living Donor Lobar Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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45
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Update on the Outcomes of Lung Transplantation After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Single-Center Experience. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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46
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Abstract
This study examined the effects of regular post-exercise cold application on muscular and vascular adaptations induced by moderate-intensity resistance training. 14 male subjects participated in resistance training: 5 sets of 8 wrist-flexion exercises at workload of 70-80% of the single repetition maximum, 3 times a week for 6 weeks. 7 subjects immersed their experimental forearms in cold water (10±1°C) for 20 min after wrist-flexion exercises (cooled group), and the other 7 served as control subjects (noncooled group). Measurements were taken before and after the training period; wrist-flexor thickness, brachial-artery diameter, maximal muscle strength, and local muscle endurance were measured in upper extremities. Wrist-flexor thicknesses of the experimental arms increased after training in both groups, but the extent of each increase was significantly less in the cooled group compared with the noncooled group. Maximal muscle strength and brachial-artery diameter did not increase in the cooled group, while they increased in the noncooled group. Local muscle endurance increased in both groups, but the increase in the cooled group tended to be lower compared to the noncooled group. Regular post-exercise cold application to muscles might attenuate muscular and vascular adaptations to resistance training.
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Gingival condition and tooth-brushing behavior after alcohol consumption. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:494-9. [PMID: 25251783 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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48
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Tofogliflozin, a sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, attenuates body weight gain and fat accumulation in diabetic and obese animal models. Nutr Diabetes 2014; 4:e125. [PMID: 25000147 PMCID: PMC5189930 DOI: 10.1038/nutd.2014.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tofogliflozin, a highly selective inhibitor of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), induces urinary glucose excretion (UGE), improves hyperglycemia and reduces body weight in patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2D). The mechanisms of tofogliflozin on body weight reduction were investigated in detail with obese and diabetic animal models. METHODS Diet-induced obese (DIO) rats and KKAy mice (a mouse model of diabetes with obesity) were fed diets containing tofogliflozin. Body weight, body composition, biochemical parameters and metabolic parameters were evaluated. RESULTS In DIO rats tofogliflozin was administered for 9 weeks, UGE was induced and body weight gain was attenuated. Body fat mass decreased without significant change in bone mass or lean body mass. Food consumption (FC) increased without change in energy expenditure, and deduced total calorie balance (deduced total calorie balance=FC-UGE-energy expenditure) decreased. Respiratory quotient (RQ) and plasma triglyceride (TG) level decreased, and plasma total ketone body (TKB) level increased. Moreover, plasma leptin level, adipocyte cell size and proportion of CD68-positive cells in mesenteric adipose tissue decreased. In KKAy mice, tofogliflozin was administered for 3 or 5 weeks, plasma glucose level and body weight gain decreased together with a reduction in liver weight and TG content without a reduction in body water content. Combination therapy with tofogliflozin and pioglitazone suppressed pioglitazone-induced body weight gain and reduced glycated hemoglobin level more effectively than monotherapy with either pioglitazone or tofogliflozin alone. CONCLUSION Body weight reduction with tofogliflozin is mainly due to calorie loss with increased UGE. In addition, tofogliflozin also induces a metabolic shift from carbohydrate oxidation to fatty acid oxidation, which may lead to prevention of fat accumulation and inflammation in adipose tissue and liver. Tofogliflozin may have the potential to prevent obesity, hepatic steatosis and improve insulin resistance as well as hyperglycemia.
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Chromosomes rein back the spindle pole body during horsetail movement in fission yeast meiosis. Cell Struct Funct 2014; 39:93-100. [PMID: 24954111 DOI: 10.1247/csf.14007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In meiosis, pairing and recombination of homologous chromosomes are crucial for the correct segregation of chromosomes, and substantial movements of chromosomes are required to achieve homolog pairing. During this process, it is known that telomeres cluster to form a bouquet arrangement of chromosomes. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe provides a striking example of bouquet formation, after which the entire nucleus oscillates between the cell poles (these oscillations are generally called horsetail nuclear movements) while the telomeres remain clustered to the spindle pole body (SPB; a centrosome-equivalent structure in fungi) at the leading edge of the moving nucleus. S. pombe mutants defective in telomere clustering frequently form aberrant spindles, such as monopolar or nonpolar spindles, leading to missegregation of the chromosomes at the subsequent meiotic divisions. Here we demonstrate that such defects in meiotic spindle formation caused by loss of meiotic telomere clustering are rescued when nuclear movement is prevented. On the other hand, stopping nuclear movement does not rescue defects in telomere clustering, nor chromosome missgregation even in cells that have formed a bipolar spindle. These results suggest that movement of the SPB without attachment of telomeres leads to the formation of aberrant spindles, but that recovering bipolar spindles is not sufficient for rescue of chromosome missegregation in mutants lacking telomere clustering.
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50
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Relationship between xerostomia and gingival condition in young adults. J Periodontal Res 2014; 50:74-9. [PMID: 24697562 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Xerostomia is a subjective symptom of dryness in the mouth. Although a correlation between xerostomia and oral conditions in the elderly has been reported, there are few such studies in the young adults. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of xerostomia with the gingival condition in university students. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 2077 students (1202 male subjects and 875 female subjects), 18-24 years of age, were examined. The disease activity and severity of the gingival condition were assessed as the percentage of teeth with bleeding on probing (%BOP) and the presence of teeth with probing pocket depth of ≥ 4 mm, respectively. Additional information on xerostomia, oral health behaviors, coffee/tea intake and nasal congestion was collected via a questionnaire. Path analysis was used to test pathways from xerostomia to the gingival condition. RESULTS One-hundred and eighty-three (8.8%) students responded that their mouths frequently or always felt dry. Xerostomia was related to %BOP and dental plaque formation, but was not related to the presence of probing pocket depth ≥ 4 mm. In the structural model, xerostomia was related to dental plaque formation (p < 0.01), and a lower level of dental plaque formation was associated with a lower %BOP. Xerostomia was associated with coffee/tea intake (p < 0.01) and nasal congestion (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Xerostomia was indirectly related to gingival disease activity through the accumulation of dental plaque. Nasal congestion and coffee/tea intake also affected xerostomia. These findings suggest that xerostomia should be considered in screening for gingivitis risk in young adults.
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