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Lapinova J, Balaz M, Balazova L, Csaderova L, Golias T, Zatovicova M, Heeren J, Pastorekova S, Takacova M. Unlocking the paracrine crosstalk: adipocyte-derived factors affect carbonic anhydrase IX expression in colon and breast cancer cells. Neoplasma 2024; 71:164-179. [PMID: 38766857 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2024_240321n127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a major public health concern because it increases the risk of several diseases, including cancer. Crosstalk between obesity and cancer seems to be very complex, and the interaction between adipocytes and cancer cells leads to changes in adipocytes' function and their paracrine signaling, promoting a microenvironment that supports tumor growth. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a tumor-associated enzyme that not only participates in pH regulation but also facilitates metabolic reprogramming and supports the migration, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. In addition, CA IX expression, predominantly regulated via hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1), serves as a surrogate marker of hypoxia. In this study, we investigated the impact of adipocytes and adipocyte-derived factors on the expression of CA IX in colon and breast cancer cells. We observed increased expression of CA9 mRNA as well as CA IX protein in the presence of adipocytes and adipocyte-derived conditioned medium. Moreover, we confirmed that adipocytes affect the hypoxia signaling pathway and that the increased CA IX expression results from adipocyte-mediated induction of HIF-1α. Furthermore, we demonstrated that adipocyte-mediated upregulation of CA IX leads to increased migration and decreased adhesion of colon cancer cells. Finally, we brought experimental evidence that adipocytes, and more specifically leptin, upregulate CA IX expression in cancer cells and consequently promote tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Lapinova
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Department of Metabolic Disorders, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Balazova
- Department of Metabolic Disorders, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Csaderova
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tereza Golias
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miriam Zatovicova
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silvia Pastorekova
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martina Takacova
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Baratova M, Skvarkova L, Bartosova M, Jelenska L, Zatovicova M, Puzderova B, Kajanova I, Csaderova L, Pastorekova S, Svastova E. Functional consequences of altered glycosylation of tumor-associated hypoxia biomarker carbonic anhydrase IX. Neoplasma 2023; 70:416-429. [PMID: 37498074 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2023_230505n246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a posttranslational modification of proteins affecting numerous cellular functions. A growing amount of evidence confirms that aberrant glycosylation is involved in pathophysiological processes, including tumor development and progression. Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a transmembrane protein whose expression is strongly induced in hypoxic tumors, which makes it an attractive target for anti-tumor therapy. CAIX facilitates the maintenance of intracellular pH homeostasis through its catalytic activity, which is linked with extracellular pH acidification promoting a more aggressive phenotype of tumor cells. The involvement of CAIX in destabilizing cell-cell contacts and the focal adhesion process also contributes to tumor progression. Previous research shows that CAIX is modified with N-glycans, O-glycans, and glycosaminoglycans (GAG). Still, the impact of glycosylation on CAIX functions has yet to be fully elucidated. By preparing stably transfected cells expressing mutated forms of CAIX, unable to bind glycans at their defined sites, we have attempted to clarify the role of glycan structures in CAIX functions. All three types of prepared mutants exhibited decreased adhesion to collagen. By surface plasmon resonance, we proved direct binding between CAIX and collagen. Cells lacking glycosaminoglycan modification of CAIX also showed reduced migration and invasion, indicating CAIX glycosaminoglycans' involvement in these processes. Analysis of signaling pathways affected by the loss of GAG component from CAIX molecule revealed decreased phosphorylation of c-Jun, of p38α kinase, focal adhesion kinase, and reduced level of heat shock protein 60 in cells cultured in hypoxia. Cells expressing CAIX without GAG exhibited increased metabolon formation and increased extracellular pH acidification. We also observed reduced CAIX GAG glycans in the inflammatory environment in hypoxia, pathophysiological conditions reflecting in vivo tumor microenvironment. Understanding the glycan involvement in the characteristics and functions of possible targets of cancer treatment, such as cell surface localized CAIX, could improve the therapy, as many drugs target glycan parts of a protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Baratova
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Department of Cancer Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Skvarkova
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Department of Cancer Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Maria Bartosova
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Department of Cancer Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Jelenska
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Department of Cancer Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miriam Zatovicova
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Department of Cancer Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbora Puzderova
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Department of Cancer Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Kajanova
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Department of Cancer Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Csaderova
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Department of Cancer Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Silvia Pastorekova
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Department of Cancer Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eliska Svastova
- Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Department of Cancer Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Zatovicova M, Kajanova I, Takacova M, Jelenska L, Sedlakova O, Labudova M, Pastorekova S. ADAM10 mediates shedding of carbonic anhydrase IX ectodomain non‑redundantly to ADAM17. Oncol Rep 2022; 49:27. [PMID: 36524367 PMCID: PMC9813547 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a transmembrane enzyme participating in adaptive responses of tumors to hypoxia and acidosis. CA IX regulates pH, facilitates metabolic reprogramming, and supports migration, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Extracellular domain (ECD) of CA IX can be shed to medium and body fluids by a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) 17. Here we show for the first time that CA IX ECD shedding can be also executed by ADAM10, a close relative of ADAM17, via an overlapping cleavage site in the stalk region of CA IX connecting its exofacial catalytic site with the transmembrane region. This finding is supported by biochemical evidence using recombinant human ADAM10 protein, colocalization of ADAM10 with CA IX, ectopic expression of a dominant‑negative mutant of ADAM10 and RNA interference‑mediated suppression of ADAM10. Induction of the CA IX ECD cleavage with ADAM17 and/or ADAM10 activators revealed their additive effect. Similarly, additive effect was observed with an ADAM17‑inhibiting antibody and an ADAM10‑preferential inhibitor GI254023X. These data indicated that ADAM10 is a CA IX sheddase acting on CA IX non‑redundantly to ADAM17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Zatovicova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Kajanova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martina Takacova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Jelenska
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Olga Sedlakova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martina Labudova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Silvia Pastorekova
- Biomedical Research Center of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia,Correspondence to: Professor Silvia Pastorekova, Biomedical Research Center of The Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Virology, Department of Tumor Biology, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia, E-mail:
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Antal I, Koneracka M, Kubovcikova M, Zavisova V, Jurikova A, Khmara I, Omastova M, Micusik M, Barathova M, Jelenska L, Kajanova I, Zatovicova M, Pastorekova S. Targeting of carbonic anhydrase IX-positive cancer cells by glycine-coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 205:111893. [PMID: 34116397 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.111893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-modified magnetic nanoparticles were prepared to study their cellular uptake in 3D multicellular spheroidal cell cultures. For this purpose, carbonic anhydrase IX specific monoclonal antibody VII/20 was selected to conjugate on the surface of positively charged glycine coated magnetic nanoparticles in a form of a stable magnetic fluid. In this work, glycine-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by different methods. X-ray photoelectron analysis confirmed the binding of glycine to the magnetic nanoparticles, and quantification of the glycine coating on the surface of the magnetic nanoparticles was conducted by thermogravimetric analysis. The optimal weight ratio of glycine to magnetic nanoparticles was determined to be 5 showing good colloid stability due to the high surface charge density of protonated glycine coating shown by the great zeta potential (⁓40 mV). The antibody conjugation to the functionalized magnetic nanoparticles was performed at an antibody to magnetic nanoparticles weight ratio equal to 0.5. Applications of antibody-modified magnetic nanoparticles in cancer therapy rely on their ability to specifically target cancer tissues and enter the tumour intracellular space. Here, we show that antibody coupled nanoparticle internalization was triggered by selective binding to tumour cells expressing hypoxic marker carbonic anhydrase IX. Moreover, our results confirmed specific penetration of conjugated nanoparticles into the tumour cell spheroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Antal
- Institute of Experimental Physics Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Martina Koneracka
- Institute of Experimental Physics Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, Kosice, Slovakia.
| | - Martina Kubovcikova
- Institute of Experimental Physics Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Vlasta Zavisova
- Institute of Experimental Physics Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Alena Jurikova
- Institute of Experimental Physics Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Iryna Khmara
- Institute of Experimental Physics Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Maria Omastova
- Polymer Institute Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 41, Bratislava 45, Slovakia
| | - Matej Micusik
- Polymer Institute Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 41, Bratislava 45, Slovakia
| | - Monika Barathova
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Jelenska
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Kajanova
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miriam Zatovicova
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Silvia Pastorekova
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Simko V, Belvoncikova P, Csaderova L, Labudova M, Grossmannova K, Zatovicova M, Kajanova I, Skultety L, Barathova M, Pastorek J. PIMT Binding to C-Terminal Ala459 of CAIX Is Involved in Inside-Out Signaling Necessary for Its Catalytic Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228545. [PMID: 33198416 PMCID: PMC7696048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), a unique member of the α carbonic anhydrase family, is a transmembrane glycoprotein with high enzymatic activity by which CAIX contributes to tumorigenesis through pH regulation. Due to its aberrant expression, CAIX is considered to be a marker of tumor hypoxia and a poor prognostic factor of several human cancers. Hypoxia-activated catalytic function of CAIX is dependent on posttranslational modification of its short intracellular domain. In this work, we have identified that C-terminal Ala459 residue, which is common across CAIX of various species as well as additional transmembrane isoforms, plays an important role in CAIX activation and in pH regulation. Moreover, structure prediction I-TASSER analysis revealed involvement of Ala459 in potential ligand binding. Using tandem mass spectrometry, Protein-L-isoaspartyl methyltransferase (PIMT) was identified as a novel interacting partner, further confirmed by an in vitro pulldown assay and an in situ proximity ligation assay. Indeed, suppression of PIMT led to increased alkalinization of culture media of C33a cells constitutively expressing CAIX in hypoxia. We suggest that binding of PIMT represents a novel intracellular signal required for enzymatic activity of CAIX with a potential unidentified downstream function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Simko
- Department of Tumor Biology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.S.); (P.B.); (L.C.); (M.L.); (K.G.); (M.Z.); (I.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Petra Belvoncikova
- Department of Tumor Biology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.S.); (P.B.); (L.C.); (M.L.); (K.G.); (M.Z.); (I.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Lucia Csaderova
- Department of Tumor Biology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.S.); (P.B.); (L.C.); (M.L.); (K.G.); (M.Z.); (I.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Martina Labudova
- Department of Tumor Biology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.S.); (P.B.); (L.C.); (M.L.); (K.G.); (M.Z.); (I.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Katarina Grossmannova
- Department of Tumor Biology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.S.); (P.B.); (L.C.); (M.L.); (K.G.); (M.Z.); (I.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Miriam Zatovicova
- Department of Tumor Biology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.S.); (P.B.); (L.C.); (M.L.); (K.G.); (M.Z.); (I.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Ivana Kajanova
- Department of Tumor Biology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.S.); (P.B.); (L.C.); (M.L.); (K.G.); (M.Z.); (I.K.); (J.P.)
| | - Ludovit Skultety
- Department of Rickettsiology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Monika Barathova
- Department of Tumor Biology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.S.); (P.B.); (L.C.); (M.L.); (K.G.); (M.Z.); (I.K.); (J.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-2-5930-2461
| | - Jaromir Pastorek
- Department of Tumor Biology, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.S.); (P.B.); (L.C.); (M.L.); (K.G.); (M.Z.); (I.K.); (J.P.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbová 12, 833 03 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Kajanova I, Zatovicova M, Jelenska L, Sedlakova O, Barathova M, Csaderova L, Debreova M, Lukacikova L, Grossmannova K, Labudova M, Golias T, Svastova E, Ludwig A, Muller P, Vojtesek B, Pastorek J, Pastorekova S. Impairment of carbonic anhydrase IX ectodomain cleavage reinforces tumorigenic and metastatic phenotype of cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:1590-1603. [PMID: 32210366 PMCID: PMC7250822 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0804-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a hypoxia-induced enzyme regulating tumour pH and facilitating cell migration/invasion. It is primarily expressed as a transmembrane cell-surface protein, but its ectodomain can be shed by ADAM17 to extracellular space. This study aims to elucidate the impact of CA IX shedding on cancer cells. METHODS We generated a non-shed CA IX mutant by deletion of amino acids 393-402 from the stalk region and studied its phenotypic effects compared to full-length, shedding-competent CA IX using a range of assays based on immunodetection, confocal microscopy, in vitro real-time cell monitoring and in vivo tumour cell inoculation using xenografted NMRI and C57BL/6J female mice. RESULTS We demonstrated that the impairment of shedding does not alter the ability of CA IX to bind ADAM17, internalise, form oligomers and regulate pH, but induces cancer-promoting changes in extracellular proteome. Moreover, it affects intrinsic properties of cells expressing the non-shed variant, in terms of their increased ability to migrate, generate primary tumours and form metastatic lesions in lungs. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that the ectodomain shedding controls pro-tumorigenic and pro-metastatic roles of the cell-associated CA IX and suggest that this phenomenon should be considered when developing CA IX-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Kajanova
- 0000 0001 2180 9405grid.419303.cDepartment of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miriam Zatovicova
- 0000 0001 2180 9405grid.419303.cDepartment of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Jelenska
- 0000 0001 2180 9405grid.419303.cDepartment of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Olga Sedlakova
- 0000 0001 2180 9405grid.419303.cDepartment of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Monika Barathova
- 0000 0001 2180 9405grid.419303.cDepartment of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lucia Csaderova
- 0000 0001 2180 9405grid.419303.cDepartment of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Debreova
- 0000 0001 2180 9405grid.419303.cDepartment of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubomira Lukacikova
- 0000 0001 2180 9405grid.419303.cDepartment of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarina Grossmannova
- 0000 0001 2180 9405grid.419303.cDepartment of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martina Labudova
- 0000 0001 2180 9405grid.419303.cDepartment of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tereza Golias
- 0000 0001 2180 9405grid.419303.cDepartment of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eliska Svastova
- 0000 0001 2180 9405grid.419303.cDepartment of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andreas Ludwig
- 0000 0001 0728 696Xgrid.1957.aInstitute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, RWTH Aachen University, Wendlingweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Petr Muller
- grid.419466.8RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Borivoj Vojtesek
- grid.419466.8RECAMO, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Zluty kopec 7, 65653 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromir Pastorek
- 0000 0001 2180 9405grid.419303.cDepartment of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Silvia Pastorekova
- 0000 0001 2180 9405grid.419303.cDepartment of Tumor Biology, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 84505 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Antal I, Koneracka M, Kubovcikova M, Zavisova V, Khmara I, Lucanska D, Jelenska L, Vidlickova I, Zatovicova M, Pastorekova S, Bugarova N, Micusik M, Omastova M, Kopcansky P. d,l-lysine functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles for detection of cancer cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 163:236-245. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Fabianova A, Barathova M, Csaderova L, Simko V, Zatovicova M, Labudova M, Pastorek J. Hypoxic marker CA IX and adhesion mediator β-catenin are downregulated by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus persistent infection. Oncotarget 2018; 9:12879-12893. [PMID: 29560117 PMCID: PMC5849181 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma is one of the most frequent cancer diseases with high resistance to radio- and chemotherapy. Mutation of VHL gene is frequent in these tumors leading to simulation of hypoxic conditions. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, belonging to RNA viruses, is a neglected human pathogen and teratogen. We have found that infection of renal cell carcinoma cells by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus strain MX causes a decrease of carbonic anhydrase IX protein and RNA level. Lower expression of carbonic anhydrase IX on the cell surface provides less target for carbonic anhydrase IX-targeted immunotherapy. What more, reduced levels of adhesion mediating protein β-catenin as well as E-cadherin, as a consequence of infection, suggest a possible increase in metastatic potential of cells infected by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus strain MX. These results might help elucidate differences in patients susceptibility to immunotherapy directed against carbonic anhydrase IX or in developing new therapeutical strategies. Our data indicate that presence of infection can significantly affect patient response to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fabianova
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
| | - Monika Barathova
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
| | - Lucia Csaderova
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Simko
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
| | - Miriam Zatovicova
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
| | - Martina Labudova
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
| | - Jaromir Pastorek
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Trnava 917 01, Slovak Republic
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Kalavska K, Chovanec M, Zatovicova M, Takacova M, Gronesova P, Svetlovska D, Baratova M, Miskovska V, Obertova J, Palacka P, Rajec J, Sycova-Mila Z, Cierna Z, Kajo K, Spanik S, Babal P, Mardiak J, Pastorekova S, Mego M. Prognostic value of serum carbonic anhydrase IX in testicular germ cell tumor patients. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:2590-2598. [PMID: 27698832 PMCID: PMC5038507 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the fact that testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are one of the most chemosensitive solid tumors, a small proportion of patients fail to be cured following cisplatin-based first line chemotherapy. Upregulation of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) in various solid tumors is associated with poor outcome. The current prospective study investigated the prognostic value of serum CA IX level in TGCTs. In total, 83 patients (16 non-metastatic following orchiectomy with no evidence of disease, 57 metastatic chemotherapy-naïve and 10 metastatic relapsed chemotherapy-pretreated) starting adjuvant and/or new line of chemotherapy and 35 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Serum CA IX values were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and intratumoral CA IX was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Metastatic chemotherapy-naïve patients had significantly higher mean CA IX serum levels than healthy controls (490.6 vs. 249.6 pg/ml, P=0.005), while there was no difference in serum CA IX levels in non-metastatic or relapsed TGCT patients compared with healthy controls. There was no significant difference in the mean serum CA IX levels between different groups of patients and between the first and second cycle of chemotherapy, nor association with patients/tumor characteristics. Serum CA IX was not prognostic for progression-free survival [hazard ratio (HR)=0.81, P=0.730] or overall survival (HR=0.64, P=0.480). However, there was a significant association between intratumoral CA IX expression and serum CA IX concentration (rho=0.51, P=0.040). These results suggest that serum CA IX level correlates with tumor CA IX expression in TGCT patients, but fails to exhibit either a prognostic value or an association with patients/tumor characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Kalavska
- Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Oncology, National Cancer Institute, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 811 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Chovanec
- Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Oncology, National Cancer Institute, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; Second Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miriam Zatovicova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 811 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martina Takacova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 811 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Paulina Gronesova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 811 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Svetlovska
- Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Oncology, National Cancer Institute, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Magdalena Baratova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 811 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vera Miskovska
- First Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, 81 250 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Oncology, St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, 81 250 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Obertova
- Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Patrik Palacka
- Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jan Rajec
- Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Sycova-Mila
- Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Cierna
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Karol Kajo
- Department of Pathology, Slovak Medical University, 833 03 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Stanislav Spanik
- First Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, 81 250 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Oncology, St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, 81 250 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Pavel Babal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Mardiak
- Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia; Second Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Silvia Pastorekova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 811 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Mego
- Translational Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Oncology, National Cancer Institute, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; Second Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia
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10
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Rosenberg V, Pastorekova S, Zatovicova M, Vidlickova I, Jelenska L, Slezak P. High serum carbonic anhydrase IX predicts shorter survival in head and neck cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 117:201-4. [PMID: 27075382 DOI: 10.4149/bll_2016_038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the study was to investigate prognostic and predictive value of pretreatment soluble carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) blood serum concentration in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer. BACKGROUND Increased expression of CA IX in tumor tissues has been associated with treatment resistance and worth prognosis. Soluble form of CA IX, released from tumor cells, is detectable in blood serum and could be a convenient predictive factor of treatment effectiveness that would enable treatment individualization. METHODS The prospective study evaluated 48 patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinomas of head and neck, treated by radiotherapy or chemo-radiotherapy. Pretreatment soluble CA IX serum concentrations were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Soluble CA IX serum concentration failed to predict radiotherapy effectiveness in the studied patient population (p = 0.26). However, high CA IX serum concentrations have been associated with shorter overall survival (p = 0.035) CONCLUSION: High pretreatment CA IX serum concentration is a negative prognostic factor in locally advanced head and neck cancer patients (Tab. 1, Fig. 2, Ref. 23).
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Takacova M, Hlouskova G, Zatovicova M, Benej M, Sedlakova O, Kopacek J, Pastorek J, Lacik I, Pastorekova S. Encapsulation of anti-carbonic anhydrase IX antibody in hydrogel microspheres for tumor targeting. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:110-118. [PMID: 27140748 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2016.1177523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Encapsulation is a well-established method of biomaterial protection, controlled release, and efficient delivery. Here we evaluated encapsulation of monoclonal antibody M75 directed to tumor biomarker carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) into alginate microbeads (SA-beads) or microcapsules made of sodium alginate, cellulose sulfate, and poly(methylene-co-guanidine) (PMCG). M75 antibody release was quantified using ELISA and its binding properties were assessed by immunodetection methods. SA-beads showed rapid M75 antibody release in the first hour, followed by steady release during the whole experiment of 7 days. In contrast, the M75 release from PMCG capsules was gradual, reaching the maximum concentration on the 7th day. The release was more efficient at pH 6.8 compared to pH 7.4. The released antibody could recognize CA IX, and target the CA IX-positive cells in 3D spheroids. In conclusion, SA-beads and PMCG microcapsules can be considered as promising antibody reservoirs for targeting of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Takacova
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava , Slovakia.,b Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute , Brno , Czech Republic , and
| | - Gabriela Hlouskova
- c Department for Biomaterials Research , Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Miriam Zatovicova
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Martin Benej
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Olga Sedlakova
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Juraj Kopacek
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Jaromir Pastorek
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Igor Lacik
- c Department for Biomaterials Research , Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava , Slovakia
| | - Silvia Pastorekova
- a Department of Molecular Medicine , Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences , Bratislava , Slovakia.,b Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute , Brno , Czech Republic , and
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12
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Vidlickova I, Dequiedt F, Jelenska L, Sedlakova O, Pastorek M, Stuchlik S, Pastorek J, Zatovicova M, Pastorekova S. Apoptosis-induced ectodomain shedding of hypoxia-regulated carbonic anhydrase IX from tumor cells: a double-edged response to chemotherapy. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:239. [PMID: 26993100 PMCID: PMC4799595 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a tumor-associated, highly active, transmembrane carbonic anhydrase isoform regulated by hypoxia and implicated in pH control and adhesion-migration-invasion. CA IX ectodomain (ECD) is shed from the tumor cell surface to serum/plasma of patients, where it can signify cancer prognosis. We previously showed that the CA IX ECD release is mediated by disintegrin and metalloproteinase ADAM17. Here we investigated the CA IX ECD shedding in tumor cells undergoing apoptosis in response to cytotoxic drugs, including cycloheximide and doxorubicin. Methods Presence of cell surface CA IX was correlated to the extent of apoptosis by flow cytometry in cell lines with natural or ectopic CA IX expression. CA IX ECD level was assessed by ELISA using CA IX-specific monoclonal antibodies. Effect of recombinant CA IX ECD on the activation of molecular pathways was evaluated using the cell-based dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results We found a significantly lower occurrence of apoptosis in the CA IX-positive cell subpopulation than in the CA IX-negative one. We also demonstrated that the cell-surface CA IX level dropped during the death progress due to an increased ECD shedding, which required a functional ADAM17. Inhibitors of metalloproteinases reduced CA IX ECD shedding, but not apoptosis. The CA IX ECD release induced by cytotoxic drugs was connected to elevated expression of CA IX in the surviving fraction of cells. Moreover, an externally added recombinant CA IX ECD activated a pathway driven by the Nanog transcription factor implicated in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stemness. Conclusions These findings imply that the increased level of the circulating CA IX ECD might be useful as an indicator of an effective antitumor chemotherapy. Conversely, elevated CA IX ECD might generate unwanted effects through autocrine/paracrine signaling potentially contributing to resistance and tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Vidlickova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Franck Dequiedt
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Lenka Jelenska
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Olga Sedlakova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Pastorek
- Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Stuchlik
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jaromir Pastorek
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Miriam Zatovicova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Silvia Pastorekova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. .,Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic.
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13
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Meijer TWH, Bussink J, Zatovicova M, Span PN, Lok J, Supuran CT, Kaanders JHAM. Tumor microenvironmental changes induced by the sulfamate carbonic anhydrase IX inhibitor S4 in a laryngeal tumor model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108068. [PMID: 25225880 PMCID: PMC4167542 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) plays a pivotal role in pH homeostasis, which is essential for tumor cell survival. We examined the effect of the CAIX inhibitor 4-(3′(3″,5″-dimethylphenyl)-ureido)phenyl sulfamate (S4) on the tumor microenvironment in a laryngeal tumor model by analyzing proliferation, apoptosis, necrosis, hypoxia, metabolism and CAIX ectodomain shedding. Methods SCCNij202 tumor bearing-mice were treated with S4 for 1, 3 or 5 days. CAIX ectodomain shedding was measured in the serum after therapy. Effects on tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, necrosis, hypoxia (pimonidazole) and CAIX were investigated with quantitative immunohistochemistry. Metabolic transporters and enzymes were quantified with qPCR. Results CAIX ectodomain shedding decreased after treatment with S4 (p<0.01). S4 therapy did neither influence tumor cell proliferation nor the amount of apoptosis and necrosis. Hypoxia (pimonidazole) and CAIX expression were also not affected by S4. CHOP and MMP9 mRNA as a reference of intracellular pH did not change upon treatment with S4. Compensatory mechanisms of pH homeostasis at the mRNA level were not observed. Conclusion As the clinical and biological meaning of the decrease in CAIX ectodomain shedding after S4 therapy is not clear, studies are required to elucidate whether the CAIX ectodomain has a paracrine or autocrine signaling function in cancer biology. S4 did not influence the amount of proliferation, apoptosis, necrosis and hypoxia. Therefore, it is unlikely that S4 can be used as single agent to influence tumor cell kill and proliferation, and to target primary tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tineke W. H. Meijer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 874 Radboud university medical center, HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Johan Bussink
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 874 Radboud university medical center, HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam Zatovicova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Paul N. Span
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 874 Radboud university medical center, HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper Lok
- Department of Radiation Oncology, 874 Radboud university medical center, HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Polo Scientifico, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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14
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Ditte Z, Ditte P, Labudova M, Simko V, Iuliano F, Zatovicova M, Csaderova L, Pastorekova S, Pastorek J. Carnosine inhibits carbonic anhydrase IX-mediated extracellular acidosis and suppresses growth of HeLa tumor xenografts. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:358. [PMID: 24886661 PMCID: PMC4061103 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a transmembrane enzyme that is present in many types of solid tumors. Expression of CA IX is driven predominantly by the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway and helps to maintain intracellular pH homeostasis under hypoxic conditions, resulting in acidification of the tumor microenvironment. Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine) is an anti-tumorigenic agent that inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the role of CA IX in carnosine-mediated antitumor activity and whether the underlying mechanism involves transcriptional and translational modulation of HIF-1α and CA IX and/or altered CA IX function. METHODS The effect of carnosine was studied using two-dimensional cell monolayers of several cell lines with endogenous CA IX expression as well as Madin Darby canine kidney transfectants, three-dimensional HeLa spheroids, and an in vivo model of HeLa xenografts in nude mice. mRNA and protein expression and protein localization were analyzed by real-time PCR, western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence staining, respectively. Cell viability was measured by a flow cytometric assay. Expression of HIF-1α and CA IX in tumors was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. Real-time measurement of pH was performed using a sensor dish reader. Binding of CA IX to specific antibodies and metabolon partners was investigated by competitive ELISA and proximity ligation assays, respectively. RESULTS Carnosine increased the expression levels of HIF-1α and HIF targets and increased the extracellular pH, suggesting an inhibitory effect on CA IX-mediated acidosis. Moreover, carnosine significantly inhibited the growth of three-dimensional spheroids and tumor xenografts compared with untreated controls. Competitive ELISA showed that carnosine disrupted binding between CA IX and antibodies specific for its catalytic domain. This finding was supported by reduced formation of the functional metabolon of CA IX and anion exchanger 2 in the presence of carnosine. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that interaction of carnosine with CA IX leads to conformational changes of CA IX and impaired formation of its metabolon, which in turn disrupts CA IX function. These findings suggest that carnosine could be a promising anticancer drug through its ability to attenuate the activity of CA IX.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jaromir Pastorek
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic.
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15
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Chovanec M, Zatovicova M, Cholujova D, Gronesova P, Miskovska V, Vrestiakova M, Svetlovska D, Obertova J, Vertakova-Krakovska B, Usakova V, Sevcikova K, Spanik S, Ondrus D, Mardiak J, Pastorekova S, Mego M. Plasma levels of carbonic anhydrase IX, cytokines, and angiogenic factors in testicular germ cell tumor patients. J Clin Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.e15541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Chovanec
- Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miriam Zatovicova
- Virology Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | | | - Vera Miskovska
- 1st Department of Oncology, Comenius University, Faculty of Medicine and St. Elisabeth Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Daniela Svetlovska
- Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Obertova
- Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Vanda Usakova
- St. Elizabeth Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Katarina Sevcikova
- 1st Department of Oncology, Comenius Uníversity and St. Elisabeth Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Dalibor Ondrus
- 1st Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and St. Elisabeth Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Mardiak
- 2nd Oncology Department, Comenius University, Medical School and National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Michal Mego
- Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and National Cancer Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Buanne P, Renzone G, Monteleone F, Vitale M, Monti SM, Sandomenico A, Garbi C, Montanaro D, Accardo M, Troncone G, Zatovicova M, Csaderova L, Supuran CT, Pastorekova S, Scaloni A, De Simone G, Zambrano N. Characterization of Carbonic Anhydrase IX Interactome Reveals Proteins Assisting Its Nuclear Localization in Hypoxic Cells. J Proteome Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/pr300565w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanni Renzone
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry
Laboratory, ISPAAM, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Monica Vitale
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate SCaRL, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare
e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy
| | | | | | - Corrado Garbi
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia
Cellulare e Molecolare, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy
| | | | - Marina Accardo
- Department
of Public Health, Section
of Pathology, Seconda Università di Napoli, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Troncone
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate SCaRL, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di
Scienze Biomorfologiche
e Funzionali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy
| | - Miriam Zatovicova
- Department of
Molecular Medicine,
Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Lucia Csaderova
- Department of
Molecular Medicine,
Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | | | - Silvia Pastorekova
- Department of
Molecular Medicine,
Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry
Laboratory, ISPAAM, CNR, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Nicola Zambrano
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate SCaRL, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare
e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Italy
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17
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Takacova M, Bartosova M, Skvarkova L, Zatovicova M, Vidlickova I, Csaderova L, Barathova M, Breza J, Bujdak P, Pastorek J, Breza J, Pastorekova S. Carbonic anhydrase IX is a clinically significant tissue and serum biomarker associated with renal cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2012; 5:191-197. [PMID: 23255918 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is regarded as one of the most prominent markers of tumor hypoxia with potential to serve as a diagnostic biomarker, prognostic indicator as well as tumor therapeutic target. The aim of the present study was to perform an in-depth analysis of CA IX expression in blood and tissue samples and to evaluate the significance of CA IX status for different renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). The expression of CA IX was determined in blood and tissue samples from 74 kidney cancer patients using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blotting (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The CA IX status was correlated with RCC type and tumor stage. IHC and WB provided evidence for a significantly higher expression of CA IX in clear cell RCC (CCRCC) specimens compared to other RCCs. RT-PCR assay revealed that 32.42% of all RCC patients possess CA9-positive cells in peripheral blood and three-quarters of CA9-positive patients were diagnosed with CCRCC. When the patients were subdivided according to tumor stage, decreased positivity was observed with higher tumor stage (50% in T1 vs. 17% in T3). Serum CA IX levels determined by ELISA were significantly higher in CCRCC patients than in non-CCRCC. A significant association between s-CA IX and CCRCC tumor stage was also determined (T1-87.51 vs. T3-341.98 pg/ml, p=0.046). We demonstrated that the CA IX expression profiles in blood and tissue samples from 74 kidney cancer patients are closely correlated with their histological subtypes. This is the first study reporting CA IX expression in blood and tissue samples from kidney cancer patients determined by four different methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Takacova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology and ; Center for Molecular Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences
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18
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Svastova E, Witarski W, Csaderova L, Kosik I, Skvarkova L, Hulikova A, Zatovicova M, Barathova M, Kopacek J, Pastorek J, Pastorekova S. Carbonic anhydrase IX interacts with bicarbonate transporters in lamellipodia and increases cell migration via its catalytic domain. J Biol Chem 2011; 287:3392-402. [PMID: 22170054 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.286062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a hypoxia-induced cell surface enzyme expressed in solid tumors, and functionally involved in acidification of extracellular pH and destabilization of intercellular contacts. Since both extracellular acidosis and reduced cell adhesion facilitate invasion and metastasis, we investigated the role of CA IX in cell migration, which promotes the metastatic cascade. As demonstrated here, ectopically expressed CA IX increases scattering, wound healing and transwell migration of MDCK cells, while an inactive CA IX variant lacking the catalytic domain (ΔCA) fails to do so. Correspondingly, hypoxic HeLa cells exhibit diminished migration upon inactivation of the endogenous CA IX either by forced expression of the dominant-negative ΔCA variant or by treatment with CA inhibitor, implying that the catalytic activity is indispensable for the CA IX function. Interestingly, CA IX improves cell migration both in the absence and presence of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), an established inducer of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. On the other hand, HGF up-regulates CA IX transcription and triggers CA IX protein accumulation at the leading edge of lamellipodia. In these membrane regions CA IX co-localizes with sodium bicarbonate co-transporter (NBCe1) and anion exchanger 2 (AE2) that are both components of the migration apparatus and form bicarbonate transport metabolon with CA IX. Moreover, CA IX physically interacts with AE2 and NBCe1 in situ, as shown here for the first time. Thus, our findings suggest that CA IX actively contributes to cell migration via its ability to facilitate ion transport and pH control at protruding fronts of moving cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliska Svastova
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Ditte P, Dequiedt F, Svastova E, Hulikova A, Ohradanova-Repic A, Zatovicova M, Csaderova L, Kopacek J, Supuran CT, Pastorekova S, Pastorek J. Phosphorylation of carbonic anhydrase IX controls its ability to mediate extracellular acidification in hypoxic tumors. Cancer Res 2011; 71:7558-67. [PMID: 22037869 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-2520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the hypoxic regions of a tumor, carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is an important transmembrane component of the pH regulatory machinery that participates in bicarbonate transport. Because tumor pH has implications for growth, invasion, and therapy, determining the basis for the contributions of CA IX to the hypoxic tumor microenvironment could lead to new fundamental and practical insights. Here, we report that Thr443 phosphorylation at the intracellular domain of CA IX by protein kinase A (PKA) is critical for its activation in hypoxic cells, with the fullest activity of CA IX also requiring dephosphorylation of Ser448. PKA is activated by cAMP, which is elevated by hypoxia, and we found that attenuating PKA in cells disrupted CA IX-mediated extracellular acidification. Moreover, following hypoxia induction, CA IX colocalized with the sodium-bicarbonate cotransporter and other PKA substrates in the leading edge membranes of migrating tumor cells, in support of the concept that bicarbonate metabolism is spatially regulated at cell surface sites with high local ion transport and pH control. Using chimeric CA IX proteins containing heterologous catalytic domains derived from related CA enzymes, we showed that CA IX activity was modulated chiefly by the intracellular domain where Thr443 is located. Our findings indicate that CA IX is a pivotal mediator of the hypoxia-cAMP-PKA axis, which regulates pH in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ditte
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Zatovicova M, Jelenska L, Hulikova A, Csaderova L, Ditte Z, Ditte P, Goliasova T, Pastorek J, Pastorekova S. Carbonic anhydrase IX as an anticancer therapy target: preclinical evaluation of internalizing monoclonal antibody directed to catalytic domain. Curr Pharm Des 2011; 16:3255-63. [PMID: 20819068 DOI: 10.2174/138161210793429832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a suitable target for various anticancer strategies. It is a cell surface protein that is present in human tumors, but not in the corresponding normal tissues. Expression of CA IX is induced by hypoxia and correlates with cancer prognosis in many tumor types. Moreover, CA IX is functionally implicated in cancer progression as a pro-survival factor protecting cancer cells against hypoxia and acidosis via its capability to regulate pH and cell adhesion. Cancer-related distribution of CA IX allows for targeting cancer cells by antibodies binding to its extracellular domain, whereas functional involvement of CA IX opens the possibility to hit cancer cells by blocking their adaptation to physiologic stresses via inhibition of CA IX enzyme activity. The latter strategy is recently receiving considerable attention and great efforts are made to produce CA IX-selective inhibitor derivatives with anticancer effects. On the other hand, targeting CA IX-expressing cells by immunotherapy has reached clinical trials and is close to application in treatment of renal cell carcinoma patients. Nevertheless, development and characterization of new CA IX-specific antibodies is still ongoing. Here we describe a mouse monoclonal antibody VII/20 directed to catalytic domain of CA IX. We show that upon binding to CA IX, the VII/20 MAb undergoes efficient receptor-mediated internalization, which is a process regulating abundance and signaling of cell surface proteins and has considerable impact on immunotherapy. We evaluated biological properties of the MAb and demonstrated its capacity to elicit anti-cancer effect in mouse xenograft model of colorectal carcinoma. Thus, the VII/20 MAb might serve as a tool for preclinical studies of immunotherapeutic strategies against non-RCC tumors. These have not been explored so far and include broad spectrum of cancer types, treatment of which might benefit from CA IX-mediated targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zatovicova
- Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Hulikova A, Zatovicova M, Svastova E, Ditte P, Brasseur R, Kettmann R, Supuran CT, Kopacek J, Pastorek J, Pastorekova S. Intact intracellular tail is critical for proper functioning of the tumor-associated, hypoxia-regulated carbonic anhydrase IX. FEBS Lett 2009; 583:3563-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2009.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2009] [Revised: 10/14/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ohradanova A, Gradin K, Barathova M, Zatovicova M, Holotnakova T, Kopacek J, Parkkila S, Poellinger L, Pastorekova S, Pastorek J. Hypoxia upregulates expression of human endosialin gene via hypoxia-inducible factor 2. Br J Cancer 2008; 99:1348-56. [PMID: 18813310 PMCID: PMC2570523 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endosialin is a transmembrane glycoprotein selectively expressed in blood vessels and stromal fibroblasts of various human tumours. It has been functionally implicated in angiogenesis, but the factors that control its expression have remained unclear. As insufficient delivery of oxygen is a driving force of angiogenesis in growing tumours, we investigated whether hypoxia regulates endosialin expression. Here, we demonstrate that endosialin gene transcription is induced by hypoxia predominantly through a mechanism involving hypoxia-inducible factor-2 (HIF-2) cooperating with the Ets-1 transcription factor. We show that HIF-2 activates the endosialin promoter both directly, through binding to a hypoxia-response element adjacent to an Ets-binding site in the distal part of the upstream regulatory region, and indirectly, through Ets-1 and its two cognate elements in the proximal promoter. Our data also suggest that the SP1 transcription factor mediates responsiveness of the endosialin promoter to high cell density. These findings elucidate important aspects of endosialin gene regulation and provide a rational frame for future investigations towards better understanding of its biological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ohradanova
- Centre of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
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Barathova M, Takacova M, Holotnakova T, Gibadulinova A, Ohradanova A, Zatovicova M, Hulikova A, Kopacek J, Parkkila S, Supuran CT, Pastorekova S, Pastorek J. Alternative splicing variant of the hypoxia marker carbonic anhydrase IX expressed independently of hypoxia and tumour phenotype. Br J Cancer 2007; 98:129-36. [PMID: 18026188 PMCID: PMC2359689 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
CA IX is a hypoxia-induced, cancer-associated carbonic anhydrase isoform with functional involvement in pH control and cell adhesion. Here we describe an alternative splicing variant of the CA9 mRNA, which does not contain exons 8–9 and is expressed in tumour cells independently of hypoxia. It is also detectable in normal tissues in the absence of the full-length transcript and can therefore produce false-positive data in prognostic studies based on the detection of the hypoxia- and cancer-related CA9 expression. The splicing variant encodes a truncated CA IX protein lacking the C-terminal part of the catalytic domain. It shows diminished catalytic activity and is intracellular or secreted. When overexpressed, it reduces the capacity of the full-length CA IX protein to acidify extracellular pH of hypoxic cells and to bind carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. HeLa cells transfected with the splicing variant cDNA generate spheroids that do not form compact cores, suggesting that they fail to adapt to hypoxic stress. Our data indicate that the splicing variant can functionally interfere with the full-length CA IX. This might be relevant particularly under conditions of mild hypoxia, when the cells do not suffer from severe acidosis and do not need excessive pH control.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barathova
- Centre of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
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Takacova M, Barathova M, Hulikova A, Ohradanova A, Kopacek J, Parkkila S, Pastorek J, Pastorekova S, Zatovicova M. Hypoxia-inducible expression of the mouse carbonic anhydrase IX demonstrated by new monoclonal antibodies. Int J Oncol 2007; 31:1103-10. [PMID: 17912436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
CA IX is a transmembrane carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme predominantly expressed in human tumors in response to hypoxia and functionally implicated in adaptation of tumor cells to hypoxic stress via control of pH and cell adhesion. Intense investigations of the human CA IX as a hypoxic marker and a therapeutic target have been facilitated by specific monoclonal antibodies. However, no such reagents existed for the mouse CA IX ortholog. We generated five new anti-mouse CA IX monoclonal antibodies AM1-4, AM4-3, AM27-4, AM34-7 and AM35-1 produced using CA IX-deficient mice. The antibodies are suitable for various immunodetection methods including immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. Using these reagents we show that the mouse CA IX is expressed in three out of nine tested mouse cell lines, namely in L929, MEF and TSA and is regulated by hypoxia and cell density similarly to human CA IX. We also demonstrate that the mouse CA IX exhibits hypoxia-related expression pattern in multicellular spheroids and in tumor xenografts. Our results indicate the use of the mouse model as suitable for further studies of CA IX role in tumor development and for its pre-clinical investigations. The new monoclonal antibodies represent potent tools for accomplishment of these future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Takacova
- Institute of Virology, Centre of Molecular Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Zatovicova M, Pastorekova S, Pastorek J, Parkkila S, Hulikova A, Ohradanova A, Kopacek J, Barathova M, Takacova M. Hypoxia-inducible expression of the mouse carbonic anhydrase IX demonstrated by new monoclonal antibodies. Int J Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.31.5.1103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Tillinger A, Novakova M, Pavlovicova M, Lacinova L, Zatovicova M, Pastorekova S, Krizanova O, Kvetnansky R. Modulation by 6-hydroxydopamine of expression of the phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) gene in the rat heart during immobilization stress. Stress 2006; 9:207-13. [PMID: 17175506 DOI: 10.1080/10253890601069385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) is the final enzyme in the catecholamine synthesizing cascade that converts noradrenaline (NA) to adrenaline (Adr). Both of these catecholamines are physiologically important hormones and neurotransmitters in mammals with profound influence on the activity of the cardiovascular system. Although PNMT activity and gene expression have been reported in the neonatal and also adult rat heart, little is known about the identity of the cells expressing PNMT mRNA. In this study, we have shown that besides PNMT in neuronal and intrinsic cardiac cells, this enzyme is expressed also in rat cardiomyocytes, as shown by immunofluorescence in isolated cardiomyocytes. To determine which cells in the heart more sensitively show stress-induced changes in PNMT mRNA expression, we performed chemical sympathectomy by administration of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), which destroys catecholaminergic terminals. We determined PNMT mRNA levels in the left atria and ventricles of control and stressed rats. In the rats treated with 6-OHDA, PNMT mRNA levels were not changed under normal, physiological conditions compared to vehicle treated rats. Similar results were observed on isolated cardiomyocytes from control and 6-OHDA treated rats. However, 6-OHDA treatment prevented immobilization-induced increase in PNMT mRNA expression. The results allow us to propose that in the heart, the immobilization-induced increase in PNMT gene expression is probably not in cardiomyocytes, but in neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tillinger
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vlarska 3, 833 06, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Zatovicova M, Sedlakova O, Svastova E, Ohradanova A, Ciampor F, Arribas J, Pastorek J, Pastorekova S. Ectodomain shedding of the hypoxia-induced carbonic anhydrase IX is a metalloprotease-dependent process regulated by TACE/ADAM17. Br J Cancer 2006; 93:1267-76. [PMID: 16278664 PMCID: PMC2361518 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) is a transmembrane protein whose expression is strongly induced by hypoxia in a broad spectrum of human tumours. It is a highly active enzyme functionally involved in both pH control and cell adhesion. Its presence in tumours usually indicates poor prognosis. Ectodomain of CA IX is detectable in the culture medium and body fluids of cancer patients, but the mechanism of its shedding has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we analysed several cell lines with natural and ectopic expression of CA IX to show that its ectodomain release is sensitive to metalloprotease inhibitor batimastat (BB-94) and that hypoxia maintains the normal rate of basal shedding, thus leading to concomitant increase in cell-associated and extracellular CA IX levels. Using CHO-M2 cells defective in shedding, we demonstrated that the basal CA IX ectodomain release does not require a functional TNFα-converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM17), whereas the activation of CA IX shedding by both phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate and pervanadate is TACE-dependent. Our results suggest that the cleavage of CA IX ectodomain is a regulated process that responds to physiological factors and signal transduction stimuli and may therefore contribute to adaptive changes in the protein composition of tumour cells and their microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zatovicova
- Center of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
| | - O Sedlakova
- Center of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
| | - E Svastova
- Center of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
| | - A Ohradanova
- Center of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
| | - F Ciampor
- Center of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
| | - J Arribas
- Medical Oncology Research Program, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital Research Institute, Barcelona 08035, Spain
| | - J Pastorek
- Center of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
| | - S Pastorekova
- Center of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic
- Center of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 05, Slovak Republic. E-mail:
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