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Hoffmann MT, Ostapowicz K, Bartoń K, Ibisch PL, Selva N. Mapping roadless areas in regions with contrasting human footprint. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4722. [PMID: 38413813 PMCID: PMC10899609 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55283-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
In an increasingly human- and road-dominated world, the preservation of functional ecosystems has become highly relevant. While the negative ecological impacts of roads on ecosystems are numerous and well documented, roadless areas have been proposed as proxy for functional ecosystems. However, their potential remains underexplored, partly due to the incomplete mapping of roads. We assessed the accuracy of roadless areas identification using freely available road-data in two regions with contrasting levels of anthropogenic influence: boreal Canada and temperate Central Europe (Poland, Slovakia, Czechia, and Hungary). Within randomly selected circular plots (per region and country), we visually examined the completeness of road mapping using OpenStreetMap 2020 and assessed whether human influences affect mapping quality using four variables. In boreal Canada, roads were completely mapped in 3% of the plots, compared to 40% in Central Europe. Lower Human Footprint Index and road density values were related to greater incompleteness in road mapping. Roadless areas, defined as areas at least 1 km away from any road, covered 85% of the surface in boreal Canada (mean size ± s.d. = 272 ± 12,197 km2), compared to only 0.4% in temperate Central Europe (mean size ± s.d. = 0.6 ± 3.1 km2). By visually interpreting and manually adding unmapped roads in 30 randomly selected roadless areas from each study country, we observed a similar reduction in roadless surface in both Canada and Central Europe (27% vs 28%) when all roads were included. This study highlights the urgent need for improved road mapping techniques to support research on roadless areas as conservation targets and surrogates of functional ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika T Hoffmann
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-120, Krakow, Poland.
- Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Ostapowicz
- Norwegian Institute of Nature Research (NINA), FRAM-High North Centre for Climate and the Environment, 9296, Tromsø, Norway
- Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Bartoń
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-120, Krakow, Poland
| | - Pierre L Ibisch
- Centre for Econics and Ecosystem Management, Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development, 16225, Eberswalde, Germany
| | - Nuria Selva
- Institute of Nature Conservation, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-120, Krakow, Poland
- Departamento de Ciencias Integradas, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Física, Matemáticas y Computación, Universidad de Huelva, 21071, Huelva, Spain
- Estación Biológica de Doñana, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
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Medeiros RC, de M N Fava N, Freitas BLS, Sabogal-Paz LP, Hoffmann MT, Davis J, Fernandez-Ibañez P, Byrne JA. Drinking water treatment by multistage filtration on a household scale: Efficiency and challenges. Water Res 2020; 178:115816. [PMID: 32353612 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Universalising actions aimed at water supply in rural communities and indigenous populations must focus on simple and low-cost technologies adapted to the local context. In this setting, this research studied the dynamic gravel filter (DGF) as a pre-treatment to household slow-sand filters (HSSFs), which is the first description of a household multistage filtration scale to treat drinking water. DGFs (with and without a non-woven blanket on top of the gravel layer) followed by HSSFs were tested. DGFs operated with a filtration rate of 3.21 m3 m-2.d-1 and HSSFs with 1.52 m3 m-2.d-1. Influent water contained kaolinite, humic acid and suspension of coliforms and protozoa. Physical-chemical parameters were evaluated, as well as Escherichia coli, Giardia spp. cysts and Cryptosporidium spp. oocyst reductions. Removal was low (up to 6.6%) concerning true colour, total organic carbon and absorbance (λ = 254 nm). Nevertheless, HMSFs showed turbidity decrease above 60%, E. coli reduction up to 1.78 log, Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts reductions up to 3.15 log and 2.24 log, respectively. The non-woven blanket was shown as an important physical barrier to remove solids, E. coli and protozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Medeiros
- Department of Engineering and Environmental Technology, Federal University of Santa Maria, 98400-000, Frederico Westphalen, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - N de M N Fava
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Trabalhador São-Carlense Avenue, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - B L S Freitas
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Trabalhador São-Carlense Avenue, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - L P Sabogal-Paz
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Trabalhador São-Carlense Avenue, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13566-590, Brazil.
| | - M T Hoffmann
- Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Trabalhador São-Carlense Avenue, 400, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13566-590, Brazil
| | - J Davis
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, School of Engineering, Ulster University, Jordanstown, BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - P Fernandez-Ibañez
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, School of Engineering, Ulster University, Jordanstown, BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - J A Byrne
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, School of Engineering, Ulster University, Jordanstown, BT37 0QB, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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Ibisch PL, Hoffmann MT, Kreft S, Pe’er G, Kati V, Biber-Freudenberger L, DellaSala DA, Vale MM, Hobson PR, Selva N. A global map of roadless areas and their conservation status. Science 2016; 354:1423-1427. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf7166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Sharifi M, Murdock DK, Engelmeier RS, Logemann TN, Hoffmann MT, Olson K. Simultaneous presence of a large coronary aneurysm and ectasia in a young patient with myocardial infarction--a case report. Angiology 1997; 48:1001-5. [PMID: 9373054 DOI: 10.1177/000331979704801111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic or congenital coronary artery ectasias and aneurysms are uncommon forms of coronary artery disease. The prognosis and optimal management of such patients remains unknown. The authors describe the case of an otherwise healthy 30-year-old man with concomitant severe right coronary artery ectasia and left main coronary artery aneurysm who sustained a mild anterior myocardial infarction. There was no obstructive coronary artery disease, and no cause for the lesions could be identified. Chronic anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy were initiated with resolution of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sharifi
- Cardiovascular Associates Research and Education Foundation and Wausau Hospital, Wisconsin, USA
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Murdock DK, Logemann T, Hoffmann MT, Olson KJ, Engelmeier RS. Coronary artery stenting for suboptimal PTCA results in acute myocardial infarction in patients treated with Abciximab: early and six-month outcome. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 1997; 42:173-9. [PMID: 9328702 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0304(199710)42:2<173::aid-ccd16>3.0.co;2-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Emergent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is an effective treatment for acute myocardial infarction. However, occasionally results of angioplasty are suboptimal due to coronary dissection or elastic recoil, leading to a high chance of recurrent ischemia. Coronary stents are occasionally employed in such settings, but a high incidence of stent thrombosis was noted by early investigators when stents were placed into areas of active thrombus formation. Since coronary thrombosis and stent thrombosis are both initiated by platelets, the potent antiplatelet agent abciximab might be useful in preventing stent thrombosis. Little information is available concerning early outcome or 6-month clinical event rate when coronary artery stents are placed for suboptimal angioplasty results for acute myocardial infarction in patients given abciximab. We deployed 75 stents as part of angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction in 40 patients given abciximab. All patients had suboptimal angioplasty results leading to stent deployment. Each obtained normal flow angiographically and no stent thrombosis or acute closure was observed. Early mortality occurred in 1 patient. All patients were followed at least 6 months, and no patient died after hospital discharge. Three patients experienced recurrent ischemic events within the first 6 months. Two of these events were due to infarct vessel restenosis. We conclude the combined use of coronary artery stents and abciximab for suboptimal PTCA results during acute myocardial infarction is associated with a low incidence of culprit vessel recurrent ischemic events within 6 months of intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Murdock
- Cardiovascular Associates of Northern Wisconsin, Wausau, USA
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Logemann TN, Murdock DK, Engelmeier RS, Hoffmann MT, Olson KJ, Kuester SL. New technique for prepping the Johnson & Johnson stent delivery system. Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn 1997; 41:440-1. [PMID: 9258494 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0304(199708)41:4<440::aid-ccd23>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Current prepping of the Johnson & Johnson stent deployment balloon can be suboptimal. This simple technique allows for an improved preparation of the stent delivery balloon prior to deployment, resulting in less air in the balloon during inflation.
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Schenone H, Galdames M, Rivadeneira A, Morales E, Hoffmann MT, Asalgado N, Meneses G, Mora MV, Cabrera G. [Treatment of Hymenolepsis nana infection in children by a single oral dose of praziquantel (Embay 8440) (author's transl)]. Bol Chil Parasitol 1977; 32:11-3. [PMID: 911423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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