Quality of life of patients with paraurethral cysts

Background. Paraurethral cyst (PC) is often found in women aged 20–60 years. The prevalence of PC in the female population is 1–6 %. Since PC are often located in the distal urethra and lie close to the genitals of a woman, the symptoms associated with this disease cause women both physical and psychological suffering.

Aim. To assess the quality of life of women with PC.

Materials and methods. The study included female individuals (n = 106) aged 18–60 years, in whom PC were detected during examination of the perineal region. The quality of life of the patients was assessed on the basis of the health quality questionnaire – SF-36.

Results. The average volume of the PC in the observed women was 3.2 ± 1.3 cm. In the observed women, the intensity of pain in the perineum was directly proportional to the duration of the disease: up to a year – 86.3 ± 4.1; from one to three years – 76.4 ± 8.3; more than three years – 64.4 ± 9.2 (p <0.05). In this regard, in this category of patients, indicators of physical activity, psychological health and role functioning due to emotional state were reduced. Repeatedor constant pain during urination and during sexual activity causes severe distress, which affects the quality of life of patients with cystic formations in the paraurethral region.

Conclusion. In women with PC on the background of dyspareunia up to 3 years and more, physical and psychological aspects of health suffer.

[Molecular basis of biological activity of polysaccharides in COVID-19 associated conditions]

The review considers the main molecular biological features of the COVID-19 causative agent, the SARS-CoV-2 virus: life cycle, viral cell penetration strategies, interactions of viral proteins with human proteins, cytopathic effects. We also analyze pathological conditions that occur both during the course of the COVID-19 disease and after virus elimination. A brief review of the biological activities of polysaccharides isolated from various sources is given, and possible molecular biological mechanisms of these activities are considered. Data analysis shows that polysaccharides are a class of biological molecules with wide potential for use in the treatment of both acute conditions in COVID-19 and post-COVID syndrome.

[Association of glutathione S-transferase gene polymorphism with risk of male infertility in Moscow region]

About 30% of male infertility is associated with genetic abnormalities. Genetic polymorphisms increase the level of individual susceptibility to adverse environmental factors and affect human reproductive function.

AIM

To study associations of glutathione S-transferase GSTP1(Ile/Val) gene polymorphisms (A313G; rs1695) with the risk of pathospermia in men of the Moscow region.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We examined 138 men in the Moscow region (n=70 - proven pathospermia, n=68 - fertile men). We obtained genomic DNA from blood leukocytes and studied the gene polymorphisms of glutathione-S-transferase GSTP1 (Ile/Val) (A313G; rs1695) in real time.

RESULTS

In the analysis of the distribution frequencies of polymorphisms GSTP1 (Ile/Val) (A>G rs1695), we revealed the predominance of the AA genotype in fertile men and the predominance of the GG genotype (homozygous minor allele) in men with pathospermia. However, we found no significant difference in these parameters between the compared groups of patients (p=0.344). For GSTP1 (Ile/Val) polymorphism (A313G, rs1695), significant differences in the distribution of genotype frequencies in the subgroup of men with teratospermia (2=7.00; p=0.03) were revealed. The frequency of allele G in the subgroup of men with teratospermia is statistically significantly different from the frequencies of alleles in the control group: 52% versus 30% (2=10,004; p=0.0015). In subgroups of men with azoospermia and asthenospermia, we did not find significant differences in the distribution of genotypes of GSTP1 polymorphism (rs1695) (p>0.05).

DISCUSSION

Glutathione-S-transferase (GSTP1) is a multifunctional protein that protects sperm cells from the damaging effects of reactive oxygen species and xenobiotics. The Association of GSTP1 polymorphism (Ile/Val) (A313G, rs1695) with teratospermia explains the main stages of the pathogenesis of male infertility in this category of patients.

CONCLUSION

Gene polymorphism GSTP1 (A313G, rs1695) can be considered a genetic marker of susceptibility to pathospermia in men.

[Association of tension-free inguinal hernia repair and pathospermia in fertile men]

OBJECTIVE

To reveal the association of tension-free inguinal hernia repair and pathospermia in fertile men.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

We have retrospectively analyzed medical records of 512 men who appealed to andrologist with complaints of the absence of pregnancy in wife in 2018. We evaluated duration and features of infertility, presence/absence of previous inguinal hernia repair, spermogram data (according to WHO criteria, 2010) in all patients.

RESULTS

Duration of infertility in men after inguinal hernia repair persists for 4.2±2.1 years. Right-sided hernia repair was performed in 36 (48.6%) patients, left-side - 23 (31%), bilateral repair - 15 (20.2%) patients. Men with impaired sperm motility prevailed among patients after right-sided inguinal hernia repair (17 (47.2%) people). Left-sided hernia repair was followed by asthenozoospermia in 8 (34.7%) cases, bilateral hernia repair - in 3 (20%) cases. The most severe abnormalities in semen analysis (azoospemia) develop after bilateral hernia repair.

CONCLUSION

Inguinal tension-free hernia repair is a risk factor for male infertility in 14.4% of cases. It is very important to examine a man in case of infertile marriage. Previous surgical interventions including inguinal hernia repair should be considered.

[The effect of polymorphisms C677T and 1298 gene MTHFR on the reproductive function of men]

References. Disturbances of spermogram parameters are associated with infertility in men and are determined by polymorphisms of many genes involved in spermatogenesis. Folate metabolism plays an important role in spermatogenesis, as it is involved in the synthesis, repair and methylation of DNA.

OBJECTIVE

the distribution of C677T (rs1801133) and A1298C (rs1801131) polymorphisms of the MTHFR gene among infertile and fertile men in the Moscow region and to identify a possible Association of these polymorphisms with the risk of pathospermia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

the study included 127 infertile men with different forms of pathospermia and 68 fertile men (with one or more children). Genotyping of polymorphisms (C677T and A1298C) gene MTHFR was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RV).

RESULTS

Analysis of the distribution of MTHFR genotypes (C677T and A1298C) revealed no significant differences in the distribution of genotypes in groups of infertile and fertile men. The frequency of minor allele 1298S in asthenospermia was 52%, in teratospermia was 36% and in men with azzospermia - 33% (2=8.67; p=0.003).

DISCUSSION

To date, there are no published results on the study of the Association of polymorphisms of folate-metabolizing enzyme genes with the development of pathospermia among men in the Moscow region. The results of our study demonstrate that 1298 polymorphism of the MTHFR gene may be involved in the etiology of male infertility in patients of the Moscow region.

CONCLUSION

Comparative analysis of gene and genotype frequencies by the studied polymorphisms in infertile men with different forms of pathospermia showed an associative relationship of allele 1298C of MTHFR gene with the risk of asthenozoospermia (p<0.05).

[Changes in the structure of pathogens of calculous pyelonephritis complicated with diabetes mellitus type ii, in the hospital urology of the city of Volgograd]

Among the diseases complicating the course of calculous pyelonephritis, are among the leaders of diabetes mellitus, which is associated with reduced immune response, deterioration of renal hemodynamics, the reduced sensitivity to antibacterial drugs. The purpose of the study is to improve the results of treatment of patients with calculous pyelonephritis and diabetes mellitus type 2. The materials and methods of research. We studied 179 people. This was a retrospective pharmaco-epidemiological analysis of medical records of patients who were treated in 2009 and 2013, in hospital of Volgograd. Women in the study was greater than 99(by 55.4%), males - 80 (44,6%). All patients underwent standard clinical examination, with mandatory bacteriological urine analysis, ultrasound study of kidneys.

RESULTS

During the observation period of 2009 and 2013 in patients with calculous pyelonephritis and type 2 diabetes, the major pathogens were representatives of the family Enterobacteriaceae. E.coli strains are constituted - 12 (54,5%), K. pneumoniae - 4 (18.1%) strains. In other etiologically significant microorganisms were Enterococcus spp. - 3 (13.6%) strain, P. aeruginosa - strain 2 (9%). The group of other (4.5%), we have carried pathogens isolated in the singular: Erobacter spp, S. aureus, and Klebsiella oxytoca. In patients with infection of the upper urinary tract and diabetes, there is a pronounced trend to decrease sensitivity to all groups of antibiotics. Sensitivity to unprotected penicillins and fluoroquinolones has decreased almost twice. Resistance to aminoglycosides of patients in this group increased by 23%. In patients with chronic calculous pyelonephritis and diabetes mellitus type 2 is high sensitivity of the main causative agents of infection to cephalosporins of the third and fourth generation (92%), protected beta-lactam penicillins (amoxicillin/clavulanate) - 86,4%, to carbapenemam is 89.4%.

CONCLUSIONS

For the empiric treatment of infections of the upper urinary tract in patients with diabetes mellitus, can be recommended drugs: protected beta-lactam penicillins, cephalosporins of the third and fourth generation, carbapenem.