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Cornelius JM, Vernasco BJ, Mori N, Watts HE. Response to food restriction, but not social information use, varies seasonally in captive cardueline finches. Integr Comp Biol 2024:icae016. [PMID: 38609338 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icae016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
For songbirds, temperate winters can impose severe conditions on songbirds that threaten survival, including shorter days and often lower temperature and food availability. One well-studied mechanism by which songbirds cope with such conditions is seasonal acclimatization of thermal metabolic traits, with strong evidence for both preparative and responsive changes in thermogenic capacity (i.e., the ability to generate heat) to low winter temperature. However, a bird's ability to cope with seasonal extremes or unpredictable events is likely dependent on a combination of behavioral and physiological traits that function to maintain allostatic balance. The ability to cope with reduced food availability may be an important component of organismal response to temperate winters in songbirds. Here we compare responses to experimentally reduced food availability at different times of year in captive red crossbills (Loxia curvirostra) and pine siskins (Spinus pinus) - two species that cope with variable food resources and live in cold places - to investigate seasonal changes in the organismal response to food availability. Further, red crossbills are known to use social information to improve response to reduced food availability, so we also examine whether use of social information in this context varies seasonally in this species. We find that pine siskins and red crossbills lose less body mass during time-restricted feedings in late winter compared to summer, and that red crossbills further benefit from social information gathered from observing other food restricted red crossbills in both seasons. Observed changes in body mass were only partially explained by seasonal differences in food intake. Our results demonstrate seasonal acclimation to food stress and social information use across seasons in a controlled captive environment and highlight the importance of considering diverse physiological systems (e.g., thermogenic, metabolic, digestive, etc) to understand organismal responses to environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Cornelius
- Department of Integrative Biology, 4575 SW Research Way, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333
| | - B J Vernasco
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
- Department of Biology, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA, USA
| | - N Mori
- Department of Integrative Biology, 4575 SW Research Way, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333
| | - H E Watts
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
- Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
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Morita A, Tamaki N, Kobashi H, Mori N, Tsuji K, Takaki S, Hasebe C, Akahane T, Ochi H, Mashiba T, Urawa N, Fujii H, Mitsuda A, Kondo M, Ogawa C, Uchida Y, Narita R, Marusawa H, Kubotsu Y, Matsushita T, Shigeno M, Yoshida H, Tanaka K, Okamoto E, Kasai T, Ishii T, Okada K, Kurosaki M, Izumi N. Effect of treatment periods on efficacy of glecaprevir and pibrentasvir in chronic hepatitis C: A nationwide, prospective, multicenter study. JGH Open 2024; 8:e13068. [PMID: 38681824 PMCID: PMC11046085 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Background and aim In patients with chronic hepatitis C, 8 weeks of glecaprevir and pibrentasvir (GLE/PIB) treatment for chronic hepatitis (non-cirrhosis) and 12 weeks for cirrhosis have been approved in Japan. However, whether 8 weeks of treatment for cirrhosis may reduce treatment efficacy has not been adequately investigated. Methods This prospective, nationwide, multicenter cohort study enrolled 1275 patients with chronic hepatitis C who received GLE/PIB therapy. The effect of liver fibrosis and treatment periods on the efficiency of GLE/PIB therapy was investigated. The primary endpoint was the sustained virological response (SVR) rate in patients with chronic hepatitis (non-cirrhosis) and cirrhosis. The association between treatment periods and liver fibrosis on the SVR after 12 weeks of treatment rate was investigated. Results The SVR rates in patients with chronic hepatitis with 8 weeks of treatment, chronic hepatitis with 12 weeks of treatment, cirrhosis with 8 weeks of treatment, and cirrhosis with 12 weeks of treatment were 98.9% (800/809), 100% (87/87), 100% (166/166), and 99.1% (211/213), respectively, and were was not different among these groups (P = 0.4). Conclusion GLE/PIB therapy for chronic hepatitis C had high efficacy regardless of liver fibrosis status and treatment periods. Periods of GLE/PIB therapy could be chosen with available modalities, and high SVR rates could be achieved regardless of the decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhiro Morita
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini HospitalKyotoJapan
| | - Nobuharu Tamaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMusashino Red Cross HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Haruhiko Kobashi
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Okayama HospitalOkayamaJapan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of GastroenterologyHiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic‐bomb Survivors HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of GastroenterologyHiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic‐bomb Survivors HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Shintaro Takaki
- Department of GastroenterologyHiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic‐bomb Survivors HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Chitomi Hasebe
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Asahikawa HospitalAsahikawaJapan
| | - Takehiro Akahane
- Department of GastroenterologyIshinomaki Red Cross HospitalIshinomakiJapan
| | - Hironori Ochi
- Center for Liver‐Biliary‐Pancreatic DiseaseMatsuyama Red Cross HospitalMatsuyamaJapan
| | - Toshie Mashiba
- Center for Liver‐Biliary‐Pancreatic DiseaseMatsuyama Red Cross HospitalMatsuyamaJapan
| | - Naohito Urawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyIse Red Cross HospitalIseJapan
| | - Hideki Fujii
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi HospitalKyotoJapan
| | - Akeri Mitsuda
- Department of GastroenterologyTottori Red Cross HospitalTottoriJapan
| | - Masahiko Kondo
- Department of GastroenterologyOtsu Red Cross HospitalOtsuJapan
| | - Chikara Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyTakamatsu Red Cross HospitalTakamatsuJapan
| | - Yasushi Uchida
- Department of GastroenterologyMatsue Red Cross HospitalMatsueJapan
| | - Ryoichi Narita
- Department of GastroenterologyOita Red Cross HospitalOitaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyOsaka Red Cross HospitalOsakaJapan
| | | | | | - Masaya Shigeno
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Nagasaki Genbaku HospitalNagasakiJapan
| | - Hideo Yoshida
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Medical CenterTokyoJapan
| | - Katsuaki Tanaka
- Department of GastroenterologyHatano Red Cross HospitalHatanoJapan
| | - Eisuke Okamoto
- Department of GastroenterologyMasuda Red Cross HospitalMasudaJapan
| | - Toyotaka Kasai
- Department of GastroenterologyFukaya Red Cross HospitalSaitamaJapan
| | - Toru Ishii
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Akita HospitalAkitaJapan
| | - Kazuhiko Okada
- Department of GastroenterologyToyama Red Cross HospitalToyamaJapan
| | - Masayuki Kurosaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMusashino Red Cross HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Namiki Izumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMusashino Red Cross HospitalTokyoJapan
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Deguchi N, Ishikawa K, Tokioka S, Kobayashi D, Mori N. Relationship between blood culture time to positivity, mortality rate, and severity of bacteremia. Infect Dis Now 2024; 54:104843. [PMID: 38043910 DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2023.104843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the association between patient severity or mortality and time to positivity in bacteremia caused by various pathogens. PATIENTS AND METHODS This single-center retrospective study included patients with positive blood culture results. RESULTS Longer time to positivity was associated with 30-day mortality for Staphylococcus aureus (221 cases, time to positivity: 17.4 h in the 30-day mortality group vs. 14.1 h in the survival group). Age, chronic kidney disease, cerebrovascular disease, hypertensive drug use, consciousness disorder, and minimal systolic blood pressure were significant predictors of 30-day mortality. For S. aureus, mortality within 30 days was significantly higher when time to positivity was > 24 h (p = 0.04). The time to positivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae, α, β-hemolytic Streptococcus, Enterococcus sp., Enterobacteriaceae, glucose-nonfermenting Gram-negative rods, Candida sp., and anaerobe was not significantly associated with 30-day mortality. CONCLUSIONS Among various pathogens, time to positivity > 24 h was associated with 30-day mortality for S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Deguchi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Ishikawa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - S Tokioka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sendai Medical Center, Sendai, Japan
| | - D Kobayashi
- Department of Primary Care and General Medicine Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Japan
| | - N Mori
- Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Yano S, Kawaoka T, Yamasaki S, Johira Y, Kosaka M, Shirane Y, Miura R, Amioka K, Naruto K, Yamaoka K, Fujii Y, Uchikawa S, Fujino H, Ono A, Nakahara T, Murakami E, Miki D, Tsuge M, Teraoka Y, Kouno H, Takaki S, Mori N, Tsuji K, Oka S. Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Lenvatinib after Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5406. [PMID: 38001666 PMCID: PMC10670624 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of 137 HCC patients treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab from October 2020 to September 2022 were enrolled. The median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) from the beginning of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab were 21.1 months (range, 18.8 months-not reached) and 10.5 months (range, 8.2-12.1 months), respectively. Fifty patients were diagnosed with progressive disease after atezolizumab plus bevacizumab. Of this group, 24 patients were administered lenvatinib, and the median OS and PFS from the beginning of lenvatinib were 15.3 months (range, 10.5 months-not reached) and 4.0 months (range, 2.5-6.4 months), respectively. The objective response rates based on the response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECISTs) criteria version 1.1 and modified RECISTs were 33.3% and 54.2%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the median serum alpha-fetoprotein level between before and after lenvatinib. In the multivariate analysis, Child-Pugh class A (hazard ratio 0.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.02-0.76, p = 0.02) and intrahepatic tumor occupancy rate < 50% (hazard ratio < 0.01, 95% CI 0.003-0.35, p < 0.01) were the significant factors for OS. There were some frequent adverse events (AEs) in patients treated with lenvatinib such as hypertension, fatigue, anorexia, proteinuria, and so on, but none directly caused death. In conclusion, lenvatinib after atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for unresectable HCC should be considered an effective treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Yano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Tomokazu Kawaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Shintaro Yamasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Yusuke Johira
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Masanari Kosaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Yuki Shirane
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Ryoichi Miura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Kei Amioka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Kensuke Naruto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Kenji Yamaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Yasutoshi Fujii
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Shinsuke Uchikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Hatsue Fujino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Atsushi Ono
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Takashi Nakahara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Eisuke Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Daiki Miki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Masataka Tsuge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
| | - Yuji Teraoka
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Hiroshima 737-0023, Japan; (Y.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Hirotaka Kouno
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Hiroshima 737-0023, Japan; (Y.T.); (H.K.)
| | - Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima 730-8619, Japan; (S.T.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima 730-8619, Japan; (S.T.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima 730-8619, Japan; (S.T.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Shiro Oka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan; (S.Y.); (S.Y.); (Y.J.); (M.K.); (Y.S.); (R.M.); (K.A.); (K.N.); (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (S.U.); (H.F.); (A.O.); (T.N.); (E.M.); (D.M.); (M.T.); (S.O.)
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5
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, de Nolfo GA, Ebisawa K, Ficklin AW, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K, Zober WV. Direct Measurement of the Spectral Structure of Cosmic-Ray Electrons+Positrons in the TeV Region with CALET on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:191001. [PMID: 38000434 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.191001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Detailed measurements of the spectral structure of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons from 10.6 GeV to 7.5 TeV are presented from over 7 years of observations with the CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) on the International Space Station. The instrument, consisting of a charge detector, an imaging calorimeter, and a total absorption calorimeter with a total depth of 30 radiation lengths at normal incidence and a fine shower imaging capability, is optimized to measure the all-electron spectrum well into the TeV region. Because of the excellent energy resolution (a few percent above 10 GeV) and the outstanding e/p separation (10^{5}), CALET provides optimal performance for a detailed search of structures in the energy spectrum. The analysis uses data up to the end of 2022, and the statistics of observed electron candidates has increased more than 3 times since the last publication in 2018. By adopting an updated boosted decision tree analysis, a sufficient proton rejection power up to 7.5 TeV is achieved, with a residual proton contamination less than 10%. The observed energy spectrum becomes gradually harder in the lower energy region from around 30 GeV, consistently with AMS-02, but from 300 to 600 GeV it is considerably softer than the spectra measured by DAMPE and Fermi-LAT. At high energies, the spectrum presents a sharp break around 1 TeV, with a spectral index change from -3.15 to -3.91, and a broken power law fitting the data in the energy range from 30 GeV to 4.8 TeV better than a single power law with 6.9 sigma significance, which is compatible with the DAMPE results. The break is consistent with the expected effects of radiation loss during the propagation from distant sources (except the highest energy bin). We have fitted the spectrum with a model consistent with the positron flux measured by AMS-02 below 1 TeV and interpreted the electron+positron spectrum with possible contributions from pulsars and nearby sources. Above 4.8 TeV, a possible contribution from known nearby supernova remnants, including Vela, is addressed by an event-by-event analysis providing a higher proton-rejection power than a purely statistical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - E Berti
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - A W Ficklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - W V Zober
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
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6
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Kikugawa C, Uchikawa S, Kawaoka T, Kinami T, Yano S, Amioka K, Naruto K, Ando Y, Yamaoka K, Tsuge M, Kosaka Y, Ohya K, Mori N, Takaki S, Tsuji K, Kouno H, Kohno H, Morio K, Moriya T, Nonaka M, Aisaka Y, Masaki K, Honda Y, Naeshiro N, Hiramatsu A, Aikata H, Oka S. Outcomes of Patients with Child-Pugh B and Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing First-Line Systemic Treatment with Sorafenib, Lenvatinib, or Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab. Oncology 2023; 102:239-251. [PMID: 37729889 DOI: 10.1159/000533859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systemic therapy is recommended for patients with Child-Pugh A in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We analyzed the outcomes of a cohort of patients with HCC who received either sorafenib (Sor), lenvatinib (Len) or atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atezo + Bev) as first-line systemic therapy for HCC, with the aim of identifying prognostic factors for survival. METHODS A total of 825 patients with advanced HCC and Child-Pugh A or B received either Sor, Len or Atezo + Bev as first-line systemic therapy. Liver function was assessed according to the Child-Pugh score and the modified albumin-bilirubin (mALBI) grade. RESULTS Prognosis was analyzed according to liver function such as Child-Pugh classifications, scores, and mALBI grades that worsened with a decline in liver function (p <0.001 for all). A Child-Pugh score of 7 was a factor significantly associated with OS. In patients with a Child-Pugh score of 7, an mALBI grade of 3 was an independent predictor of OS. In Child-Pugh B patients with HCC, receiving Atezo + Bev was identified as a factor associated with PFS. CONCLUSION Determining the hepatic reserve of patients with unresectable HCC might be useful for identifying patents suitable for systemic treatment for HCC. Atezo + Bev might prolong the PFS of patients with a Child-Pugh score of 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Kikugawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan,
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan,
| | - Shinsuke Uchikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Kawaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kinami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Shigeki Yano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Kei Amioka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Kensuke Naruto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuwa Ando
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Masataka Tsuge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Yumi Kosaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ohya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kouno
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kohno
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kei Morio
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Moriya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michihiro Nonaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Aisaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiichi Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yohji Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noriaki Naeshiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Higashihiroshima Medical Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akira Hiramatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Memorial Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shiro Oka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
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7
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, de Nolfo GA, Ebisawa K, Ficklin AW, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K, Zober WV. Erratum: Charge-Sign Dependent Cosmic-Ray Modulation Observed with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station [Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 211001 (2023)]. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:109902. [PMID: 37739390 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.109902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.211001.
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8
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Ishido S, Tamaki N, Kurosaki M, Mori N, Tsuji K, Hasebe C, Mashiba T, Ochi H, Yasui Y, Akahane T, Furuta K, Kobashi H, Fujii H, Ishii T, Marusawa H, Kondo M, Kusakabe A, Yoshida H, Uchida Y, Tada T, Nakamura S, Mitsuda A, Ogawa C, Arai H, Murohisa T, Uebayashi M, Izumi N. Necessity for surveillance for hepatocellualr carcinoma in older patients with chronic hepatitis C who achieved sustained virological response. JGH Open 2023; 7:424-430. [PMID: 37359109 PMCID: PMC10290273 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aim Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance in low-risk patients (annual incidence <1.5%) is not recommended per the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases guidelines. Because patients with chronic hepatitis C with non-advanced fibrosis who have achieved sustained virological response (SVR) have a low risk of HCC, HCC surveillance is not recommended for them. However, aging is a risk factor for HCC; threfore, the necessity for HCC surveillance in older patients with non-advanced fibrosis needs to be verified. Methods This multicenter, prospective study enrolled 4993 patients with SVR (1998 patients with advanced fibrosis and 2995 patients with non-advanced fibrosis). The HCC incidence was examined with particular attention to age. Results The 3-year incidence of HCC in patients with advanced and non-advanced fibrosis was 9.2% (95% CI: 7.8-10.9) and 2.9% (95% CI: 2.1-3.7), respectively. HCC incidence was significantly higher in patients with advanced fibrosis (P < 0.001). HCC incidence stratified by age and sex was investigated in patients with non-advanced fibrosis. The HCC incidence in the 18-49, 50s, 60s, 70s, and ≥80 age groups were 0.26, 1.3, 1.8, 1.7, and 2.9 per 100 person-years in men, and 0.00, 0.32, 0.58, 0.49, and 0.57 per 100 person-years in women, respectively. Conclusions Male patients with non-advanced fibrosis aged ≥60 years have a higher risk of developing HCC and, thus, require HCC surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Ishido
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMusashino Red Cross HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Nobuharu Tamaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMusashino Red Cross HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Masayuki Kurosaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMusashino Red Cross HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of GastroenterologyHiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic Bomb Survivors' HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of GastroenterologyHiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic Bomb Survivors' HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Chitomi Hasebe
- Department of GastroenterologyAsahikawa Red Cross HospitalAsahikawaJapan
| | - Toshie Mashiba
- Center for Liver‐Biliary‐Pancreatic DiseaseMatsuyama Red Cross HospitalMatsuyamaJapan
| | - Hironori Ochi
- Center for Liver‐Biliary‐Pancreatic DiseaseMatsuyama Red Cross HospitalMatsuyamaJapan
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMusashino Red Cross HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Takehiro Akahane
- Department of GastroenterologyIshinomaki Red Cross HospitalIshinomakiJapan
| | - Koichiro Furuta
- Department of GastroenterologyMasuda Red Cross HospitalMasudaJapan
| | - Haruhiko Kobashi
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Okayama HospitalOkayamaJapan
| | - Hideki Fujii
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi HospitalKyotoJapan
| | - Toru Ishii
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Akita HospitalAkitaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyOsaka Red Cross HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Masahiko Kondo
- Department of GastroenterologyOtsu Red Cross HospitalOtsuJapan
| | - Atsunori Kusakabe
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daini HospitalNagoyaJapan
| | - Hideo Yoshida
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Medical CenterTokyoJapan
| | - Yasushi Uchida
- Department of GastroenterologyMatsue Red Cross HospitalMatsueJapan
| | - Toshifumi Tada
- Department of Internal MedicineHimeji Red Cross HospitalHimejiJapan
| | | | - Akari Mitsuda
- Department of GastroenterologyTottori Red Cross HospitalTottoriJapan
| | - Chikara Ogawa
- Department of GastroenterologyTakamatsu Red Cross HospitalTakamatsuJapan
| | - Hirotaka Arai
- Department of GastroenterologyMaebashi Red Cross HospitalMaebashiJapan
| | - Toshimitsu Murohisa
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Ashikaga HospitalAshikagaJapan
| | - Minoru Uebayashi
- Department of GastroenterologyKitami Red Cross HospitalKitamiJapan
| | - Namiki Izumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMusashino Red Cross HospitalTokyoJapan
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9
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, de Nolfo GA, Ebisawa K, Ficklin AW, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K, Zober WV. Charge-Sign Dependent Cosmic-Ray Modulation Observed with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:211001. [PMID: 37295105 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.211001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present the observation of a charge-sign dependent solar modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope onboard the International Space Station over 6 yr, corresponding to the positive polarity of the solar magnetic field. The observed variation of proton count rate is consistent with the neutron monitor count rate, validating our methods for determining the proton count rate. It is observed by the Calorimetric Electron Telescope that both GCR electron and proton count rates at the same average rigidity vary in anticorrelation with the tilt angle of the heliospheric current sheet, while the amplitude of the variation is significantly larger in the electron count rate than in the proton count rate. We show that this observed charge-sign dependence is reproduced by a numerical "drift model" of the GCR transport in the heliosphere. This is a clear signature of the drift effect on the long-term solar modulation observed with a single detector.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - E Berti
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - A W Ficklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Global Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - W V Zober
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
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10
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, de Nolfo GA, Ebisawa K, Ficklin AW, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K, Zober WV. Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Helium Spectrum from 40 GeV to 250 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:171002. [PMID: 37172251 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.171002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We present the results of a direct measurement of the cosmic-ray helium spectrum with the CALET instrument in operation on the International Space Station since 2015. The observation period covered by this analysis spans from October 13, 2015, to April 30, 2022 (2392 days). The very wide dynamic range of CALET allowed for the collection of helium data over a large energy interval, from ∼40 GeV to ∼250 TeV, for the first time with a single instrument in low Earth orbit. The measured spectrum shows evidence of a deviation of the flux from a single power law by more than 8σ with a progressive spectral hardening from a few hundred GeV to a few tens of TeV. This result is consistent with the data reported by space instruments including PAMELA, AMS-02, and DAMPE and balloon instruments including CREAM. At higher energy we report the onset of a softening of the helium spectrum around 30 TeV (total kinetic energy). Though affected by large uncertainties in the highest energy bins, the observation of a flux reduction turns out to be consistent with the most recent results of DAMPE. A double broken power law is found to fit simultaneously both spectral features: the hardening (at lower energy) and the softening (at higher energy). A measurement of the proton to helium flux ratio in the energy range from 60 GeV/n to about 60 TeV/n is also presented, using the CALET proton flux recently updated with higher statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - E Berti
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - A W Ficklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Global Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Firenze, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - W V Zober
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
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Takaki S, Kurosaki M, Mori N, Tsuji K, Ochi H, Marusawa H, Nakamura S, Tada T, Narita R, Uchida Y, Akahane T, Kondo M, Kusakabe A, Furuta K, Kobashi H, Arai H, Nonogi M, Tamada T, Hasebe C, Ogawa C, Sato T, Tamaki N, Yasui Y, Tsuchiya K, Izumi N. Effects on survival of the adverse event of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter study by the Japan Red Cross Liver Study Group. Invest New Drugs 2023; 41:340-349. [PMID: 36995548 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-023-01349-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to describe the real-world efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Atezo/Bev) for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This retrospective analysis of a multicenter registry cohort included 268 patients treated with Atezo/Bev. The incidence of adverse events (AE) and its impact on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed. Of the 268 patients, 230 (85.8%) experienced AE. The median OS and PFS in the whole cohort were 462 and 239 days, respectively. The OS and PFS were not different in terms of AE, but they were significantly shorter in patients with increased bilirubin level and those with increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Regarding increased bilirubin level, the hazard ratios (HRs) were 2.61 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-6.58, P = 0.042) and 2.85 (95% CI: 1.37-5.93, P = 0.005) for OS and PFS, respectively. Regarding increased AST or ALT, the HRs were 6.68 (95% CI: 3.22-13.84, P < 0.001) and 3.54 (95% CI: 1.83-6.86, P < 0.001) for OS and PFS, respectively. Contrarily, the OS was significantly longer in patients with proteinuria (HR: 0.46 [95% CI: 0.23-0.92], P = 0.027). Multivariate analysis confirmed that proteinuria (HR: 0.53 [95% CI: 0.25-0.98], P = 0.044) and increased AST or ALT (HR: 6.679 [95% CI: 3.223-13.84], P = 0.003) were independent risk factors for a shorter OS. Furthermore, analysis limited to cases who completed at least 4 cycles confirmed that increased AST or ALT and proteinuria were negative and positive factors for OS, respectively. In the real-world setting, increased AST or ALT and bilirubin level during Atezo/Bev treatment were found to have a negative impact on PFS and OS, whereas proteinuria had a positive impact on OS.
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12
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Ochi H, Kurosaki M, Joko K, Mashiba T, Tamaki N, Tsuchiya K, Marusawa H, Tada T, Nakamura S, Narita R, Uchida Y, Akahane T, Kondo M, Mori N, Takaki S, Tsuji K, Kusakabe A, Furuta K, Kobashi H, Arai H, Nonogi M, Tamada T, Hasebe C, Izumi N. Usefulness of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in predicting progression and survival outcomes after atezolizumab-bevacizumab treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2023; 53:61-71. [PMID: 36070216 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM We investigated pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for predicting survival outcomes of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and determined the predictive ability of combined liver reserve-NLR. METHODS This retrospective, multicenter study enrolled 242 patients receiving atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for unresectable HCC. Pretreatment NLR <2.56 was designated as the "low group" and NLR ≥2.56 as the "high group" (120 and 122 patients, respectively). Propensity score-matched analysis was undertaken between the low and high groups. RESULTS In this cohort, the objective response and disease control rates were 20% and 72.5%, respectively, in the low group and 19.6% and 72.9%, respectively, in the high group. After matching, median progression-free survival (PFS) time was 283 and 167 days in the low and high groups, respectively (p = 0.022). Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥2.56 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-2.28; p = 0.028), modified albumin-bilirubin index (mALBI) grade 2b or 3 (HR 1.55; 95% CI, 1.05-2.29; p = 0.025), and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II ≥ 400 (HR 2.03; 95% CI, 1.36-3.02; p = 0.001) were significantly associated with PFS in univariate analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model. In cases involving mALBI grade 1 or 2a (n = 131), the median PFS time was not reached in the low group, whereas it was 210 days in the high group (p = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS Pretreatment NLR is a simple tool for routine measurement in clinical practice. It can predict PFS in patients with unresectable HCC treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab, especially mALBI grade 1 or 2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Ochi
- Center for Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Disease, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kurosaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Japan
| | - Kouji Joko
- Center for Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Disease, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Toshie Mashiba
- Center for Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Disease, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Nobuharu Tamaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Tada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Himeji Red Cross Hospital, Himeji, Japan
| | | | - Ryoichi Narita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oita Red Cross Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Yasushi Uchida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Matsue Red Cross Hospital, Matsue, Japan
| | - Takehiro Akahane
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ishinomaki Red Cross Hospital, Ishinomaki, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Otsu Red Cross Hospital, Otsu, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsunori Kusakabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Koichiro Furuta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Masuda Red Cross Hospital, Masuda, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kobashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Arai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Maebashi Red Cross Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Michiko Nonogi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokushima Red Cross Hospital, Komatsushima, Japan
| | - Takashi Tamada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takatsuki Red Cross Hospital, Takatsuki, Japan
| | - Chitomi Hasebe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Namiki Izumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Musashino, Japan
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13
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, de Nolfo GA, Ebisawa K, Ficklin AW, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K, Zober WV. Cosmic-Ray Boron Flux Measured from 8.4 GeV/n to 3.8 TeV/n with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:251103. [PMID: 36608255 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.251103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We present the measurement of the energy dependence of the boron flux in cosmic rays and its ratio to the carbon flux in an energy interval from 8.4 GeV/n to 3.8 TeV/n based on the data collected by the Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) during ∼6.4 yr of operation on the International Space Station. An update of the energy spectrum of carbon is also presented with an increase in statistics over our previous measurement. The observed boron flux shows a spectral hardening at the same transition energy E_{0}∼200 GeV/n of the C spectrum, though B and C fluxes have different energy dependences. The spectral index of the B spectrum is found to be γ=-3.047±0.024 in the interval 25<E<200 GeV/n. The B spectrum hardens by Δγ_{B}=0.25±0.12, while the best fit value for the spectral variation of C is Δγ_{C}=0.19±0.03. The B/C flux ratio is compatible with a hardening of 0.09±0.05, though a single power-law energy dependence cannot be ruled out given the current statistical uncertainties. A break in the B/C ratio energy dependence would support the recent AMS-02 observations that secondary cosmic rays exhibit a stronger hardening than primary ones. We also perform a fit to the B/C ratio with a leaky-box model of the cosmic-ray propagation in the Galaxy in order to probe a possible residual value λ_{0} of the mean escape path length λ at high energy. We find that our B/C data are compatible with a nonzero value of λ_{0}, which can be interpreted as the column density of matter that cosmic rays cross within the acceleration region.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - E Berti
- Department of Physics Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - A W Ficklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwakecho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwakecho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508 Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Global Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- Department of Physics Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, 3-3-138, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - W V Zober
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
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14
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Amioka K, Kawaoka T, Kinami T, Yamasaki S, Kosaka M, Johira Y, Yano S, Naruto K, Ando Y, Fujii Y, Uchikawa S, Ono A, Yamauchi M, Imamura M, Kosaka Y, Ohya K, Mori N, Takaki S, Tsuji K, Masaki K, Honda Y, Kouno H, Kohno H, Morio K, Moriya T, Naeshiro N, Nonaka M, Aisaka Y, Azakami T, Hiramatsu A, Aikata H, Oka S. Analysis of Lenvatinib's Efficacy against Intermediate-Stage Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205066. [PMID: 36291850 PMCID: PMC9600304 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been the standard treatment for intermediate-stage, unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (u-HCC). However, with recent advances in systemic therapy and the emergence of the concept of TACE-refractory or -unsuitable, the effectiveness of systemic therapy, as well as TACE, has been demonstrated for patients judged to be TACE-refractory or -unsuitable. In this study, the efficacy of lenvatinib and its combination with TACE after lenvatinib was investigated in 140 patients with intermediate-stage u-HCC treated with lenvatinib mainly because of being judged to be TACE-refractory or -unsuitable. Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 24.4 and 9.0 months, respectively, indicating a good response rate. In multivariate analysis, modified albumin-bilirubin (mALBI) grade and up to seven criteria were identified as independent factors for OS, and mALBI grade and tumor morphology were identified as independent factors for PFS. While 95% of all patients were TACE-refractory or -unsuitable, the further prognosis was prolonged by the combination with TACE after lenvatinib initiation. These findings suggest that systemic therapy should be considered for intermediate-stage u-HCC, even in patients judged to be TACE-refractory or -unsuitable. The use of TACE after the start of systemic therapy may further improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Amioka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Kawaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kinami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shintaro Yamasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masanari Kosaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yusuke Johira
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shigeki Yano
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kensuke Naruto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yuwa Ando
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yasutoshi Fujii
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Uchikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ono
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masami Yamauchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Michio Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yumi Kosaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima 730-8619, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ohya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima 730-8619, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima 730-8619, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima 730-8619, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima 730-8619, Japan
| | - Keiichi Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima 731-0293, Japan
| | - Yoji Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima 731-0293, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kouno
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Hiroshima 737-0023, Japan
| | - Hioshi Kohno
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Hiroshima 737-0023, Japan
| | - Kei Morio
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hiroshima 737-0193, Japan
| | - Takashi Moriya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hiroshima 737-0193, Japan
| | - Noriaki Naeshiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Higashihiroshima Medical Center, Hiroshima 739-0041, Japan
| | - Michihiro Nonaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima 738-8503, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Aisaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima 738-8503, Japan
| | - Takahiro Azakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Memorial Hospital, Hiroshima 730-0802, Japan
| | - Akira Hiramatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Memorial Hospital, Hiroshima 730-0802, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-82-257-5192; Fax: +81-82-257-5194
| | - Shiro Oka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
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15
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Tamaki N, Tada T, Kurosaki M, Yasui Y, Ochi H, Mashiba T, Sakamoto A, Marusawa H, Narita R, Uchida Y, Akahane T, Kondo M, Mori N, Takaki S, Tsuji K, Kobashi H, Kusakabe A, Furuta K, Arai H, Nonogi M, Ogawa C, Sato T, Tamada T, Nakamura S, Hasebe C, Tsuchiya K, Izumi N. Optimal threshold of alpha-fetoprotein response in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with atezolizumab and bevacizumab. Invest New Drugs 2022; 40:1290-1297. [PMID: 36152108 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-022-01303-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) response (relative decline in AFP) is associated with imaging response evaluated by response evaluation criteria in solid tumors ver1.1 (RECIST) and survival in treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the optimal threshold of AFP response is still unknown, especially in atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Atez/Bev) treatment. In this prospective multicenter study, we aimed to investigate an optimal threshold of AFP response in Atez/Bev treatment. Out of 284 patients with unresectable HCC who were treated with Atez/Bev, 91 patients with AFP ≥ 10 ng/ml were enrolled in the multicenter study. We investigated the relationship between various AFP response thresholds (relative decline ≥ 20%, ≥ 50%, and ≥ 75%) and treatment response and progression-free survival (PFS). An AFP relative decrease of ≥ 50% was associated with an overall response rate (ORR) with an odds ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 5.7 (1.9-17). Disease control rate (DCR) was associated with an AFP relative decrease of ≥ 20%, with a 100% positive predictive value and a 52.0% sensitivity. AFP relative decreases of ≥ 50% and ≥ 20% were significantly associated with PFS with a hazard ratio (HR) of 5.60 (95% CI: 1.6-19, p = 0.006) and a HR of 4.44 (95% CI: 1.9-10, p < 0.001), respectively. AFP response of ≥ 50% and ≥ 20% were related to ORR and DCR, respectively, and both of these responses were also associated with PFS. AFP can be used as a real-time monitor during Atez/Bev treatment and is helpful for treatment optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuharu Tamaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Tada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Himeji Red Cross Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kurosaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironori Ochi
- Center for Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Disease, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital, Ehime, Japan
| | - Toshie Mashiba
- Center for Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Disease, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital, Ehime, Japan
| | - Azusa Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Narita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oita Red Cross Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Yasushi Uchida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Matsue Red Cross Hospital, Shimane, Japan
| | - Takehiro Akahane
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ishinomaki Red Cross Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Otsu Red Cross Hospital, Shiga, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kobashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsunori Kusakabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daini Hospital, Aichi, Japan
| | - Koichiro Furuta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Masuda Red Cross Hospital, Shimane, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Arai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Maebashi Red Cross Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Michiko Nonogi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokushima Red Cross Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Chikara Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Takamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nasu Red Cross Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takashi Tamada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takatsuki Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Chitomi Hasebe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Namiki Izumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, Ebisawa K, Ficklin AW, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, de Nolfo GA, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K, Zober WV. Observation of Spectral Structures in the Flux of Cosmic-Ray Protons from 50 GeV to 60 TeV with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:101102. [PMID: 36112450 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.101102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A precise measurement of the cosmic-ray proton spectrum with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) is presented in the energy interval from 50 GeV to 60 TeV, and the observation of a softening of the spectrum above 10 TeV is reported. The analysis is based on the data collected during ∼6.2 years of smooth operations aboard the International Space Station and covers a broader energy range with respect to the previous proton flux measurement by CALET, with an increase of the available statistics by a factor of ∼2.2. Above a few hundred GeV we confirm our previous observation of a progressive spectral hardening with a higher significance (more than 20 sigma). In the multi-TeV region we observe a second spectral feature with a softening around 10 TeV and a spectral index change from -2.6 to -2.9 consistently, within the errors, with the shape of the spectrum reported by DAMPE. We apply a simultaneous fit of the proton differential spectrum which well reproduces the gradual change of the spectral index encompassing the lower energy power-law regime and the two spectral features observed at higher energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - E Berti
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - A W Ficklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology (KOSEN), Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Global Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - W V Zober
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
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17
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Morim J, Erikson LH, Hemer M, Young I, Wang X, Mori N, Shimura T, Stopa J, Trenham C, Mentaschi L, Gulev S, Sharmar VD, Bricheno L, Wolf J, Aarnes O, Perez J, Bidlot J, Semedo A, Reguero B, Wahl T. Author Correction: A global ensemble of ocean wave climate statistics from contemporary wave reanalysis and hindcasts. Sci Data 2022. [PMCID: PMC9270491 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01519-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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18
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Morim J, Erikson LH, Hemer M, Young I, Wang X, Mori N, Shimura T, Stopa J, Trenham C, Mentaschi L, Gulev S, Sharmar VD, Bricheno L, Wolf J, Aarnes O, Perez J, Bidlot J, Semedo A, Reguero B, Wahl T. A global ensemble of ocean wave climate statistics from contemporary wave reanalysis and hindcasts. Sci Data 2022. [PMCID: PMC9217809 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01459-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There are numerous global ocean wave reanalysis and hindcast products currently being distributed and used across different scientific fields. However, there is not a consistent dataset that can sample across all existing products based on a standardized framework. Here, we present and describe the first coordinated multi-product ensemble of present-day global wave fields available to date. This dataset, produced through the Coordinated Ocean Wave Climate Project (COWCLIP) phase 2, includes general and extreme statistics of significant wave height (Hs), mean wave period (Tm) and mean wave direction (θm) computed across 1980–2014, at different frequency resolutions (monthly, seasonally, and annually). This coordinated global ensemble has been derived from fourteen state-of-the-science global wave products obtained from different atmospheric reanalysis forcing and downscaling methods. This data set has been processed, under a specific framework for consistency and quality, following standard Data Reference Syntax, Directory Structures and Metadata specifications. This new comprehensive dataset provides support to future broad-scale analysis of historical wave climatology and variability as well as coastal risk and vulnerability assessments across offshore and coastal engineering applications. Measurement(s) | Significant wave height • Mean wave period • Mean wave direction | Technology Type(s) | Global wave reanalysis and hindcasts | Sample Characteristic - Environment | Wind-waves | Sample Characteristic - Location | Global |
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19
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Tada T, Kurosaki M, Tamaki N, Yasui Y, Mori N, Tsuji K, Hasebe C, Joko K, Akahane T, Furuta K, Kobashi H, Fujii H, Ishii T, Marusawa H, Kondo M, Kojima Y, Yoshida H, Uchida Y, Nakamura S, Izumi N. General evaluation score
for predicting the development of
hepatocellular carcinoma
in patients with advanced liver fibrosis associated with
hepatitis C virus
genotype 1 or 2 after
direct‐acting antiviral
therapy. JGH Open 2022; 6:487-495. [PMID: 35822118 PMCID: PMC9260214 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aim To validate a composite predictive model for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in patients with advanced liver fibrosis associated with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) who have received direct‐acting antiviral (DAA) therapy and achieved sustained virologic response (SVR). Methods This study included 1258 patients with advanced liver fibrosis associated with HCV genotype 1, 2, or both. General evaluation score (GES), which is based on sex, age, fibrosis stage, albumin, and α‐fetoprotein, was used as a composite predictive model. Results There were 645 (51.3%) patients in the low‐risk group, 228 (18.1%) in the intermediate‐risk group, and 385 (30.6%) in the high‐risk group based on GES categories. The 12‐, 36‐, and 60‐month cumulative incidence of HCC was 0.7%, 5.3%, and 13.0%, respectively. Multivariable analysis with Cox proportional hazards models showed that male sex (hazard ratio [HR], 1.863; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.204–2.883), F4 fibrosis stage (HR, 3.199; 95% CI, 1.696–6.036), and albumin (HR, 0.489; 95% CI, 0.288–0.828) are independently associated with HCC development. The incidence of HCC differed significantly by GES‐based risk category (P < 0.001). Cox proportional hazards models showed that, with the low‐risk group as the referent, the HR for HCC development was 1.875 (95% CI, 1.000–3.514) in the intermediate‐risk group and 2.819 (95% CI, 1.716–4.630) in the high‐risk group. GES had better predictive ability for HCC development than fibrosis‐4 index according to time‐dependent receiver operating characteristic analysis. Conclusion GES is useful for predicting HCC development in patients with advanced liver fibrosis after SVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Tada
- Department of Internal Medicine Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital Himeji Japan
| | - Masayuki Kurosaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Musashino Red Cross Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Nobuharu Tamaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Musashino Red Cross Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Musashino Red Cross Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic‐Bomb Survivors Hospital Hiroshima Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic‐Bomb Survivors Hospital Hiroshima Japan
| | - Chitomi Hasebe
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital Asahikawa Japan
| | - Koji Joko
- Center for Liver‐Biliary‐Pancreatic Disease Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital Matsuyama Japan
| | - Takehiro Akahane
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital Ishinomaki Japan
| | - Koichiro Furuta
- Department of Gastroenterology Masuda Red Cross Hospital Masuda Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kobashi
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital Okayama Japan
| | - Hideki Fujii
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital Kyoto Japan
| | - Toru Ishii
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Akita Hospital Akita Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Japanese Red Cross Osaka Hospital Osaka Japan
| | - Masahiko Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Otsu Hospital Otsu Shiga Japan
| | - Yuji Kojima
- Department of Hepatology Japanese Red Cross Ise Hospital Ise Japan
| | - Hideo Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasushi Uchida
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Matsue Hospital Matsue Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Department of Internal Medicine Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital Himeji Japan
| | - Namiki Izumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Musashino Red Cross Hospital Tokyo Japan
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20
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, Ebisawa K, Ficklin AW, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, de Nolfo GA, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ospina N, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K, Zober WV. Direct Measurement of the Nickel Spectrum in Cosmic Rays in the Energy Range from 8.8 GeV/n to 240 GeV/n with CALET on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:131103. [PMID: 35426700 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.131103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The relative abundance of cosmic ray nickel nuclei with respect to iron is by far larger than for all other transiron elements; therefore it provides a favorable opportunity for a low background measurement of its spectrum. Since nickel, as well as iron, is one of the most stable nuclei, the nickel energy spectrum and its relative abundance with respect to iron provide important information to estimate the abundances at the cosmic ray source and to model the Galactic propagation of heavy nuclei. However, only a few direct measurements of cosmic-ray nickel at energy larger than ∼3 GeV/n are available at present in the literature, and they are affected by strong limitations in both energy reach and statistics. In this Letter, we present a measurement of the differential energy spectrum of nickel in the energy range from 8.8 to 240 GeV/n, carried out with unprecedented precision by the Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) in operation on the International Space Station since 2015. The CALET instrument can identify individual nuclear species via a measurement of their electric charge with a dynamic range extending far beyond iron (up to atomic number Z=40). The particle's energy is measured by a homogeneous calorimeter (1.2 proton interaction lengths, 27 radiation lengths) preceded by a thin imaging section (3 radiation lengths) providing tracking and energy sampling. This Letter follows our previous measurement of the iron spectrum [1O. Adriani et al. (CALET Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 241101 (2021).PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.126.241101], and it extends our investigation on the energy dependence of the spectral index of heavy elements. It reports the analysis of nickel data collected from November 2015 to May 2021 and a detailed assessment of the systematic uncertainties. In the region from 20 to 240 GeV/n our present data are compatible within the errors with a single power law with spectral index -2.51±0.07.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - E Berti
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - A W Ficklin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Global Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - N Ospina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3 - 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Division of Mathematics and Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
- Nambu Yoichiro Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1 - 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - W V Zober
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
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21
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Tamaki N, Kurosaki M, Yasui Y, Mori N, Tsuji K, Hasebe C, Joko K, Akahane T, Furuta K, Kobashi H, Kimura H, Yagisawa H, Marusawa H, Kondo M, Kojima Y, Yoshida H, Uchida Y, Tada T, Nakamura S, Yasuda S, Toyoda H, Loomba R, Izumi N. Hepatocellular Carcinoma Risk Assessment for Patients With Advanced Fibrosis After Eradication of Hepatitis C Virus. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:461-472. [PMID: 34676692 PMCID: PMC8870028 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of patients with advanced fibrosis who do not need any further hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance after the eradication of hepatitis C is pivotal. In this study, we developed a simple serum-based risk model that could identify patients with low-risk HCC. This was a nationwide multicenter study involving 16 Hospitals in Japan. Patients with advanced fibrosis (1,325 in a derivation cohort and 508 in a validation cohort) who achieved sustained virological responses at 24 weeks after treatment (SVR24) were enrolled. The HCC risk model at any point after SVR24 and its change were evaluated, and subsequent HCC development was analyzed. Based on the multivariable analysis, patients fulfilling all of the factors (GAF4 criteria: gamma-glutamyl transferase < 28 IU/L, alpha-fetoprotein < 4.0 ng/mL, and Fibrosis-4 Index < 4.28) were classified as low-risk and others were classified as high-risk. When patients were stratified at the SVR24, and 1 year, and 2 years after SVR24, subsequent HCC development was significantly lower in low-risk patients (0.5-1.1 per 100 person-years in the derivation cohort and 0.9-1.1 per 100 person-years in the validation cohort) than in high-risk patients at each point. HCC risk from 1 year after SVR24 decreased in patients whose risk improved from high-risk to low-risk (HCC incidence: 0.6 per 100 person-years [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.163 in the derivation cohort] and 1.3 per 100 person-years [HR = 0.239 in the validation cohort]) than in those with sustained high risk. Conclusion: The HCC risk model based on simple serum markers at any point after SVR and its change can identify patients with advanced fibrosis who are at low HCC risk, and these patients may be able to reduce HCC surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuharu Tamaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMusashino Red Cross HospitalTokyoJapan.,NAFLD Research CenterDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Masayuki Kurosaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMusashino Red Cross HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMusashino Red Cross HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of GastroenterologyHiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of GastroenterologyHiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors HospitalHiroshimaJapan
| | - Chitomi Hasebe
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Asahikawa HospitalAsahikawaHokkaidoJapan
| | - Kouji Joko
- Center for Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic DiseaseMatsuyama Red Cross HospitalMatsuyamaEhimeJapan
| | - Takehiro Akahane
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Ishinomaki HospitalIshinomakiMiyagiJapan
| | - Koichiro Furuta
- Department of GastroenterologyMasuda Red Cross HospitalMasudaShimaneJapan
| | - Haruhiko Kobashi
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Okayama HospitalOkayamaOkayamaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Kimura
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi HospitalKyotoJapan
| | - Hitoshi Yagisawa
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Akita HospitalAkitaJapan
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyOsaka Red Cross HospitalOsakaJapan
| | - Masahiko Kondo
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Otsu HospitalOtsuShigaJapan
| | - Yuji Kojima
- Department of HepatologyJapanese Red Cross Ise HospitalIseMieJapan
| | - Hideo Yoshida
- Department of GastroenterologyJapanese Red Cross Medical CenterTokyoJapan
| | - Yasushi Uchida
- Department of GastroenterologyMatsue Red Cross HospitalMatsueShimaneJapan
| | - Toshifumi Tada
- Department of Internal MedicineJapanese Red Cross Society Himeji HospitalHimejiJapan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Department of Internal MedicineJapanese Red Cross Society Himeji HospitalHimejiJapan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyOgaki Municipal HospitalOgakiJapan
| | - Hidenori Toyoda
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyOgaki Municipal HospitalOgakiJapan
| | - Rohit Loomba
- NAFLD Research CenterDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Namiki Izumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMusashino Red Cross HospitalTokyoJapan
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22
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Tada T, Kurosaki M, Tamaki N, Yasui Y, Mori N, Tsuji K, Hasebe C, Joko K, Akahane T, Furuta K, Kobashi H, Kimura H, Yagisawa H, Marusawa H, Kondo M, Kojima Y, Yoshida H, Uchida Y, Nakamura S, Izumi N. A validation study of after direct-acting antivirals recommendation for surveillance score for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C virus infection who had received direct-acting antiviral therapy and achieved sustained virological response. JGH Open 2022; 6:20-28. [PMID: 35071784 PMCID: PMC8762616 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aim The pathogenic process underlying the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not yet clear in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) who have received direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy and achieved sustained virological response (SVR). This study validated a composite predictive model for HCC in these patients. Methods This study included 3058 patients in whom HCV was eradicated with DAA therapy. After DAAs recommendation for surveillance (ADRES) score, which is based on sex, FIB-4 index, and α-fetoprotein, was used as a composite predictive model for HCC development. Results The 1-, 3-, and 5-year cumulative incidence rates of HCC were 0.9, 4.5, and 15.2%, respectively. Multivariate analysis with Cox proportional hazards models showed that male sex (hazard ratio [HR], 2.646; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.790-3.911), FIB-4 index >3.25 (HR, 2.891; 95% CI, 1.947-4.293), and α-fetoprotein >5 ng/mL (HR, 2.835; 95% CI, 1.914-4.200) are independently associated with HCC development. The incidence of HCC differed significantly by ADRES score (P < 0.001). Cox proportional hazards models showed that compared to the ADRES score 0 group, the HR for HCC development was 2.947 (95% CI, 1.367-6.354) in the ADRES score 1 group, 9.171 (95% CI, 4.339-19.380) in the ADRES score 2 group, and 20.630 (95% CI, 8.641-49.230) in the ADRES score 3 group. ADRES score had superior predictive power for HCC development compared with the FIB-4 index and α-fetoprotein according to time-dependent receiver operating characteristic analysis. Conclusion The ADRES score is useful for predicting HCC development after SVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Tada
- Department of Internal Medicine Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital Himeji Japan
| | - Masayuki Kurosaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Musashino Red Cross Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Nobuharu Tamaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Musashino Red Cross Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Musashino Red Cross Hospital Tokyo Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan
| | - Chitomi Hasebe
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital Asahikawa Hokkaido Japan
| | - Koji Joko
- Center for Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Disease Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital Matsuyama Ehime Japan
| | - Takehiro Akahane
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital Ishinomaki Miyagi Japan
| | - Koichiro Furuta
- Department of Gastroenterology Masuda Red Cross Hospital Masuda Shimane Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kobashi
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital Okayama Okayama Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital Kyoto Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yagisawa
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Akita Hospital Akita Akita Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Japanese Red Cross Osaka Hospital Osaka Japan
| | - Masahiko Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Otsu Hospital Otsu Shiga Japan
| | - Yuji Kojima
- Department of Hepatology Japanese Red Cross Ise Hospital Ise Mie Japan
| | - Hideo Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Medical Center Tokyo Japan
| | - Yasushi Uchida
- Department of Gastroenterology Japanese Red Cross Matsue Hospital Matsue Shimane Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Department of Internal Medicine Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital Himeji Japan
| | - Namiki Izumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Musashino Red Cross Hospital Tokyo Japan
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23
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Ishida Y, Maeda K, Inoue T, Satake S, Mori N. Decreased Diversity of Gut Microbiota Is Associated with Decreased Muscle Mass and Function in Older Adults Residing in a Nursing Home. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:537-538. [PMID: 35587768 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1792-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Ishida
- Keisuke Maeda, MD, PhD, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Hospital, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan, Phone: +81-562-46-2311; Fax: +81-562-44-8518, E-mail:
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24
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Nishioka S, Matsushita T, Yamanouchi A, Okazaki Y, Oishi K, Nishioka E, Mori N, Tokunaga Y, Onizuka S. Prevalence and potential determinants of malnutrition-sarcopenia coexistence in geriatric rehabilitation: a cross-sectional analysis using the global leadership initiative on malnutrition criteria and the Asian working group for sarcopenia criteria. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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Hashiyama DT, Mori N. Osler's nodes: dialogue with Sir William Osler. QJM 2021; 114:667-668. [PMID: 33999197 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Drs T Hashiyama
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan
| | - N Mori
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan
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26
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Hashiyama T, Mori N, Tsuruyama Y. Xanthochromia: yellow color is a red flag. QJM 2021; 114:521-522. [PMID: 33711159 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcab052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Hashiyama
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan
| | - N Mori
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan
| | - Y Tsuruyama
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, 2-5-1 Higashigaoka, Meguro-Ku, Tokyo 152-8902, Japan
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27
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Mori N, Mugikura S. The Possible Difference of Underlying Pathophysiologies between "Ivy Sign" on Contrast-Enhanced MRI and FLAIR. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:E69. [PMID: 34266872 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N Mori
- Department of Diagnostic RadiologyTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendai, Japan
| | - S Mugikura
- Department of Diagnostic RadiologyTohoku University Graduate School of MedicineSendai, Japan.,Department of Image StatisticsTohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
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28
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Okanobu H, Kohno T, Mouri R, Hatsushika Y, Yamashita Y, Miyaki E, Fukuhara T, Okazaki A, Sakano A, Urabe A, Takaki S, Mori N, Tsuji K, Ochi H, Furukawa Y. Efficacy of vonoprazan 10 mg compared with 20 mg for the initial treatment in patients with erosive esophagitis: a randomized pilot study. Esophagus 2021; 18:669-675. [PMID: 33221955 DOI: 10.1007/s10388-020-00798-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to investigate the efficacy of vonoprazan 10 mg compared with 20 mg in patients with erosive esophagitis. METHOD Seventy-three patients with erosive esophagitis were randomly divided into two groups either vonoprazan 20 mg (n = 37) or 10 mg (n = 36). They were administered each dose for 4 weeks as the initial treatment followed by maintenance treatment with 10 mg for 8 weeks. The primary endpoints were mucosal healing rate and symptom relief at 4 weeks. The secondary endpoint was symptom relief at 12 weeks after the maintenance treatment. Mucosal healing was assessed endoscopically, and symptom relief was assessed using the FSSG score. RESULTS At 4 weeks, the endoscopic healing rates of the 20 mg and 10 mg groups were 94.6% and 94.4%, respectively. The FSSG scores of the 20 mg and 10 mg groups were significantly decreased in both treatment groups from 13 (4-39) to 4 (0-25) and 14 (4-40) to 3 (0-29), respectively. At 12 weeks, the scores further decreased to 2 (0-13) and 2 (0-26), respectively. The vonoprazan 10 mg group showed a similar therapeutic effect to the 20 mg group in mucosal healing at 4 weeks and in symptom relief throughout the study period. When stratified by esophagitis grading, these findings were still demonstrated in grade A/B patients but not in grade C/D patients. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that initial treatment with vonoprazan 10 mg might be useful especially in patients with mild erosive esophagitis. Large controlled studies are warranted to confirm our investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideharu Okanobu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb, Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan.
| | - Tomohiko Kohno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb, Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan
| | - Ritsuo Mouri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb, Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Hatsushika
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb, Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb, Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan
| | - Eisuke Miyaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb, Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fukuhara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb, Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan
| | - Akihito Okazaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb, Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan
| | - Ayaka Sakano
- Department of Medical Checkup Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan
| | - Ayako Urabe
- Department of Medical Checkup Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb, Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb, Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb, Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan
| | - Hidenori Ochi
- Department of Medical Checkup Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Furukawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb, Survivors Hospital, 1-9-6, Sendamachi, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, 730-8619, Japan
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29
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Tada T, Kurosaki M, Nakamura S, Hasebe C, Kojima Y, Furuta K, Kobashi H, Kimura H, Ogawa C, Yagisawa H, Uchida Y, Joko K, Akahane T, Arai H, Marusawa H, Narita R, Ide Y, Sato T, Kusakabe A, Tsuji K, Mori N, Kondo M, Mitsuda A, Izumi N. Real-world clinical outcomes of sofosbuvir and velpatasvir treatment in HCV genotype 1- and 2-infected patients with decompensated cirrhosis: A nationwide multicenter study by the Japanese Red Cross Liver Study Group. J Med Virol 2021; 93:6247-6256. [PMID: 34170517 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The real-world virological efficacy and safety of interferon-free direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy with sofosbuvir (SOF) and velpatasvir (VEL) were assessed in hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1- and 2-infected patients with decompensated cirrhosis. A total of 65 patients with HCV-related decompensated cirrhosis (Child-Pugh score of 7 points or more) who were treated with the SOF/VEL regimen were enrolled. The sustained virological response (SVR) rate and safety profile were analyzed. SVR was defined as undetectable serum HCV RNA at 12 weeks after the end of treatment (SVR12). The percentages of patients with undetectable HCV RNA at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the start of therapy were 81.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 69.5-89.9) (52/64), 98.4% (95% CI, 91.2-100.0) (60/61), and 98.5% (95% CI, 91.7-100.0) (64/65), respectively. The overall SVR rate was 92.3% (95% CI, 83.0-97.5) (60/65). Albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) scores decreased during and after treatment (p < 0.001), and there were significant differences between baseline and end of treatment and between baseline and SVR12. Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences in SVR rates according to patient age, sex, HCV genotype (subtype), Child-Pugh classification, modified ALBI grade, presence of ascites, presence of hepatic coma, or history of hepatocellular carcinoma. In all subpopulations, the SVR rates were higher than 80%. There were no severe adverse events associated with the treatment. The SOF/VEL regimen showed good virological efficacy and acceptable safety even in patients with HCV-related decompensated cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Tada
- Department of Internal medicine, Japanese Red Cross Himeji Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kurosaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Musashino Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Department of Internal medicine, Japanese Red Cross Himeji Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Chitomi Hasebe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuji Kojima
- Department of Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Ise Hospital, Ise, Mie, Japan
| | - Koichiro Furuta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Masuda Hospital, Shimane, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kobashi
- Department of Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chikara Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Takamatsu Red Cross Hospital, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yagisawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Akita Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Yasushi Uchida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Matsue Hospital, Shimane, Japan
| | - Kouji Joko
- Center for Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Diseases, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takehiro Akahane
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Arai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Maebashi Hospital,, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Osaka Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Narita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Oita Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Yasushi Ide
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Karatsu Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Takashi Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Nasu Hospital, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Atsunori Kusakabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Otsu Hospital, Shiga, Japan
| | - Akeri Mitsuda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Tottori Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | - Namiki Izumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Musashino Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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30
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, Ebisawa K, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Link J, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, de Nolfo GA, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ospina N, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K. Measurement of the Iron Spectrum in Cosmic Rays from 10 GeV/n to 2.0 TeV/n with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:241101. [PMID: 34213922 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.241101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Calorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET), in operation on the International Space Station since 2015, collected a large sample of cosmic-ray iron over a wide energy interval. In this Letter a measurement of the iron spectrum is presented in the range of kinetic energy per nucleon from 10 GeV/n to 2.0 TeV/n allowing the inclusion of iron in the list of elements studied with unprecedented precision by space-borne instruments. The measurement is based on observations carried out from January 2016 to May 2020. The CALET instrument can identify individual nuclear species via a measurement of their electric charge with a dynamic range extending far beyond iron (up to atomic number Z=40). The energy is measured by a homogeneous calorimeter with a total equivalent thickness of 1.2 proton interaction lengths preceded by a thin (3 radiation lengths) imaging section providing tracking and energy sampling. The analysis of the data and the detailed assessment of systematic uncertainties are described and results are compared with the findings of previous experiments. The observed differential spectrum is consistent within the errors with previous experiments. In the region from 50 GeV/n to 2 TeV/n our present data are compatible with a single power law with spectral index -2.60±0.03.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - E Berti
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwakecho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Hakubi Center, Kyoto University, Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J Link
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508, Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Global Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Avenue, Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - N Ospina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Division of Mathematics and Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
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Naruto K, Kawaoka T, Amioka K, Ogawa Y, Chihiro K, Yoshikawa Y, Ando Y, Suehiro Y, Kosaka Y, Uchikawa S, Kodama K, Morio K, Fujino H, Murakami E, Nakahara T, Yamauchi M, Tsuge M, Hiramatsu A, Fukuhara T, Takaki S, Mori N, Tsuji K, Nonaka M, Hyogo H, Aisaka Y, Masaki K, Honda Y, Kohno H, Kohno H, Moriya T, Naeshiro N, Azakami T, Imamura M, Chayama K, Aikata H. Clinical Outcomes of 2nd- and 3rd-Line Regorafenib for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Oncology 2021; 99:491-498. [PMID: 34000725 DOI: 10.1159/000515280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study compared clinical outcomes of 2nd- and 3rd-line regorafenib in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, 48 patients were treated with regorafenib for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Thirty-five and 13 patients were initiated on 2nd- and 3rd-line therapy, respectively. We assessed the responses to and safety of the therapy. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in clinical characteristics at the start of 2nd- or 3rd-line regorafenib therapy. The overall response rate of 2nd- and 3rd-line regorafenib was 20 and 8%, respectively. The disease control rate was 57 and 54%, respectively. Median overall survival (mOS) from the start of 2nd-line regorafenib was 17.5 months. mOS from the start of 3rd-line regorafenib was not obtained. Median progression-free survival of 2nd- and 3rd-line regorafenib was 4.9 and 2.3 months, respectively. mOS from 1st-line therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitor plus sorafenib-regorafenib-lenvatinib was 29.5 months; that with lenvatinib-sorafenib-regorafenib was not obtained. Patients on 3rd-line therapy tended to have better Child-Pugh scores and tumor factors at the start of 1st-line therapy than other patients. CONCLUSION Patients on 2nd- and 3rd-line regorafenib showed favorable responses. Good Child-Pugh scores and tumor factors may be associated with a better response rate and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Naruto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Kawaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kei Amioka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yutaro Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kikukawa Chihiro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuwa Ando
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yosuke Suehiro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yumi Kosaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Uchikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Kodama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kei Morio
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hatsue Fujino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eisuke Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masami Yamauchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masataka Tsuge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akira Hiramatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fukuhara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Memorial Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michihiro Nonaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hyogo
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Aisaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiichi Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoji Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kohno
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kohno
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Moriya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noriaki Naeshiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takahiro Azakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Higashihiroshima Medical Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michio Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Ando Y, Kawaoka T, Amioka K, Naruto K, Ogawa Y, Yoshikawa Y, Kikukawa C, Kosaka Y, Uchikawa S, Morio K, Fujino H, Nakahara T, Murakami E, Yamauchi M, Tsuge M, Hiramatsu A, Fukuhara T, Mori N, Takaki S, Tsuji K, Nonaka M, Hyogo H, Aisaka Y, Masaki K, Honda Y, Moriya T, Naeshiro N, Takahashi S, Imamura M, Chayama K, Aikata H. Efficacy and Safety of Lenvatinib-Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Sequential Therapy for Patients with Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Oncology 2021; 99:507-517. [PMID: 33946070 DOI: 10.1159/000515865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We evaluated the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib-transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (LEN-TACE) sequential therapy for patients (n = 88) with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS Eighty-eight patients who obtained tumor control by LEN treatment were analyzed; 30 received LEN followed by TACE (LEN-TACE sequential therapy), and 58 received LEN monotherapy. Propensity score matching was performed, and the outcomes of 19 patients in the LEN-TACE group and 19 patients in the LEN-alone group were compared. Objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), incidence of adverse events (AEs), and change in albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score were evaluated. RESULTS After matching, baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. The ORR was 63.2% with LEN-TACE group and 63.2% with the LEN-alone group. Multivariate analysis showed that addition of TACE during LEN treatment (hazard ratio [HR] 0.264, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.087-0.802, p = 0.019) and Child-Pugh score 5 (HR 0.223, 95% CI 0.070-0.704, p = 0.011) were the significant factors for PFS. Median PFS was 11.6 months with LEN-TACE and 10.1 months with LEN-alone. The survival rate of the LEN-TACE group was significantly higher than that of the LEN-alone group (median survival time; not reached vs. 16.9 months, p = 0.007). The incidence of common LEN-associated AEs was similar between groups. Although elevated aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase and fever were more frequent with LEN-TACE group, these events were manageable. CONCLUSION For patients with intermediate-stage HCC, LEN-TACE sequential therapy may provide a deep response and favorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwa Ando
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan,
| | - Tomokazu Kawaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kei Amioka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kensuke Naruto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yutaro Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kikukawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yumi Kosaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Uchikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kei Morio
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hatsue Fujino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eisuke Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masami Yamauchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masataka Tsuge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akira Hiramatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fukuhara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michihiro Nonaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hyogo
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Aisaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiichi Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoji Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Moriya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noriaki Naeshiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Higashihiroshima Medical Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shoichi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michio Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Soma Y, Mori K, Noguchi Y, Kimura S, Fujiwara Y, Yamamoto Y, Itou Y, Okawa T, Murakami M, Matsuo K, Tanaka S, Mori N, Sugawara A. POS-161 A CASE OF EGPA THAT DEVELOPED DURING REMISSION OF IGA NEPHROPATHY. Kidney Int Rep 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Amioka K, Kawaoka T, Ogawa Y, Kikukawa C, Naruto K, Yoshikawa Y, Ando Y, Kosaka Y, Uchikawa S, Morio K, Fujino H, Nakahara T, Murakami E, Yamauchi M, Tsuge M, Hiramatsu A, Imamura M, Fukuhara T, Mori N, Takaki S, Tsuji K, Masaki K, Honda Y, Kouno H, Kohno H, Chayama K, Aikata H. Comparison of the Clinical Outcome of Ramucirumab for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma with That of Prior Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy. Oncology 2021; 99:327-335. [PMID: 33677453 DOI: 10.1159/000514315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The clinical outcome of ramucirumab in multi-molecular targeted agent (MTA) sequential therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (u-HCC) was assessed in comparison with that of prior tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. METHODS Sixteen patients who received ramucirumab as part of multi-MTA sequential therapy for u-HCC were enrolled in a retrospective, cohort study. Ramucirumab was started as 2nd line in 7 patients, 3rd line in 5 patients, and 4th line in 4 patients. RESULTS The overall response rate was 6.3%, the disease control rate (DCR) was 50.0%, median progression-free survival was 2.0 months (evaluated by mRECIST), median overall survival (OS) with ramucirumab was 7.9 months, and the median OS from 1st-line therapy was 28.1 months. One month after the start of ramucirumab, α-fetoprotein (AFP) decreased in 6 of 12 cases (50.0%), and the DCR in AFP-decreased cases was 83.3%. The DCR of ramucirumab was 66.7% in cases in which disease control was obtained by prior TKI therapy, whereas it was 0.0% in the cases in which disease control was not obtained by prior TKI therapy. Examining the adverse events, no new safety concerns were confirmed. CONCLUSION The AFP response to ramucirumab and the treatment response to prior TKI therapy are associated with treatment response to ramucirumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Amioka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Kawaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yutaro Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kikukawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kensuke Naruto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuwa Ando
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yumi Kosaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Uchikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kei Morio
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hatsue Fujino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eisuke Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masami Yamauchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masataka Tsuge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akira Hiramatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michio Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fukuhara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital & Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiichi Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoji Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kouno
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kohno
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan,
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Tamaki N, Kurosaki M, Yasui Y, Mori N, Tsuji K, Hasebe C, Joko K, Akahane T, Furuta K, Kobashi H, Kimura H, Yagisawa H, Marusawa H, Kondo M, Kojima Y, Yoshida H, Uchida Y, Loomba R, Izumi N. Change in Fibrosis 4 Index as Predictor of High Risk of Incident Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Eradication of Hepatitis C Virus. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:e3349-e3354. [PMID: 33544129 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether the fibrosis 4 index (FIB-4), a marker of liver fibrosis, at baseline and change in FIB-4 after sustained virological response (SVR) is associated with incident hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk. In this study, we examined the association of incident HCC risk with baseline FIB-4 and sustained high FIB-4 (>3.25) at any time point after SVR. METHODS A total of 3823 patients who received direct-acting antiviral treatment and achieved SVR were enrolled. The FIB-4 was measured 24 weeks after the end of direct-acting antiviral treatment and achievement of SVR (SVR24), and 1, 2, and 3 years after SVR24, after which subsequent HCC development was investigated. RESULTS In patients with an FIB-4 >3.25 at SVR24 and 1, 2, and 3 years after SVR24, subsequent HCC development was significantly higher than in those with an FIB-4 ≤3.25 at each point. The rates of HCC development 1, 2, 3, and 4 years after SVR24 were significantly higher in patients with sustained FIB-4 >3.25 than in those whose FIB-4 decreased to ≤3.25 (5.4%, 9.2%, 11.7%, and 16.0%, respectively, vs 2.2%, 3.1%, 3.7%, and 4.4%; P < .001). The adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for an FIB-4 >3.25 at SVR24 and 1, 2, and 3 years later were 3.38 (2.4-4.8), 2.95 (1.9-4.7), 2.62 (1.3-5.1), and 3.37 (1.4-9.8), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The FIB-4 could be used to assess HCC development risk at any time after SVR, and changes in FIB-4 were associated with changes in the HCC development risk. Repeated assessments of FIB-4 could serve as a prognostic indicator of a high-risk HCC cohort that may require more intensive HCC surveillance strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuharu Tamaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.,NAFLD Research Center, Division of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Masayuki Kurosaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Chitomi Hasebe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Koji Joko
- Center for Liver-Biliary-Pancreatic Disease, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Takehiro Akahane
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital, Ishinomaki, Japan
| | - Koichiro Furuta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Masuda Red Cross Hospital, Masuda, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Kobashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yagisawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Akita Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Marusawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kondo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Otsu Hospital, Otsu, Japan
| | - Yuji Kojima
- Department of Hepatology, Japanese Red Cross Ise Hospital, Ise, Japan
| | - Hideo Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Japanese Red Cross Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Uchida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Matsue Red Cross Hospital, Matsue, Japan
| | - Rohit Loomba
- NAFLD Research Center, Division of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Namiki Izumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Cheng X, Uchida T, Xia Y, Umarova R, Liu CJ, Chen PJ, Gaggar A, Suri V, Mücke MM, Vermehren J, Zeuzem S, Teraoka Y, Osawa M, Aikata H, Tsuji K, Mori N, Hige S, Karino Y, Imamura M, Chayama K, Liang TJ. Diminished hepatic IFN response following HCV clearance triggers HBV reactivation in coinfection. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:3205-3220. [PMID: 32163375 DOI: 10.1172/jci135616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In patients with HBV and HCV coinfection, HBV reactivation leading to severe hepatitis has been reported with the use of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) to treat HCV infection. Here we studied the molecular mechanisms behind this viral interaction. In coinfected cell culture and humanized mice, HBV replication was suppressed by HCV coinfection. In vitro, HBV suppression was attenuated when interferon (IFN) signaling was blocked. In vivo, HBV viremia, after initial suppression by HCV superinfection, rebounded following HCV clearance by DAA treatment that was accompanied by a reduced hepatic IFN response. Using blood samples of coinfected patients, IFN-stimulated gene products including C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL10), C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were identified to have predictive value for HBV reactivation after HCV clearance. Taken together, our data suggest that HBV reactivation is a result of diminished hepatic IFN response following HCV clearance and identify serologic markers that can predict HBV reactivation in DAA-treated HBV-HCV-coinfected persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Cheng
- Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Takuro Uchida
- Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuchen Xia
- Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Regina Umarova
- Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Hepatitis Research Center and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jer Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Hepatitis Research Center and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anuj Gaggar
- Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California, USA
| | | | - Marcus M Mücke
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Johannes Vermehren
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Zeuzem
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yuji Teraoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Osawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shuhei Hige
- Department of Hepatology, Sapporo Kosei General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Karino
- Department of Hepatology, Sapporo Kosei General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Michio Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - T Jake Liang
- Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Ishida Y, Maeda K, Ueshima J, Shimizu A, Nonogaki T, Kato R, Matsuyama R, Yamanaka Y, Mori N. The SARC-F Score on Admission Predicts Falls during Hospitalization in Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:399-404. [PMID: 33575734 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1597-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia are likely to fall. However, few studies have investigated whether sarcopenia is associated with falls during hospitalization in older adults. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the SARC-F when used as a simple screening tool for sarcopenia at the time of admission, predicts in-hospital falls. DESIGN A retrospective, observational study. SETTING A 900-bed university hospital. PARTICIPANTS A total of 9,927 patients aged 65 years and older were hospitalized at the hospital between April 2019 and March 2020. MEASUREMENTS The SARC-F contains five items: strength, assistance in walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and falls were evaluated at hospital admission. To investigate the relationship between the SARC-F score and falls, a ROC curve analysis was performed. Multivariate analysis adjusted for fall-related confounding factors such as age, gender, ADL, and disease were performed. RESULTS Mean age: 75.9±6.7 years; male: 56.2% were analyzed, and 159 patients (1.6%) fell during hospitalization. SARC-F scores at admission were significantly higher in the fall group than in the control group (3 [1-6] points vs. 0 [¬0-2] point, p<0.001). Statistical association was observed between the SARC-F and in-hospital fall (area under the curve = 0.721 [0.678-0.764], p < 0.001). The cut-off value for the highest sensitivity and specificity of the SARC-F score for in-hospital falls was two (sensitivity = 0.679, specificity = 0.715). Among the subitem of the SARC-F, the hazard ratios for climbing stairs were significantly higher (HR = 1.52 [1.10-2.09], p = 0.011) and for a history of fall was significantly higher (HR = 1.41 [1.02-1.95], p = 0.036). A SARC-F score ≥ 2 had a significantly higher incidence of in-hospital falls compared to a SARC-F score <2 (3.7% vs. 0.7%, p < 0.001). Also, a SARC-F score ≥ 2 had a significantly higher hazard ratio for falls (2.11 [1.37-3.26], p < 0.001). CONCLUSION SARC-F can help predict falls among hospitalized older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ishida
- Keisuke Maeda, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan, Phone: +81-562-46-2311; FAX: +81-562-44-8518, E-mail:
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Ueshima J, Maeda K, Ishida Y, Shimizu A, Inoue T, Nonogaki T, Matsuyama R, Yamanaka Y, Mori N. SARC-F Predicts Mortality Risk of Older Adults during Hospitalization. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:914-920. [PMID: 34409971 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1647-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the association between SARC-F scores and the in-hospital mortality risk among older patients admitted to acute care hospitals. DESIGN Single-center retrospective study. SETTING A university hospital. PARTICIPANTS All consecutive patients aged older than 65 were admitted and discharged from the study hospital between July 2019 and September 2019. MEASUREMENTS Relevant patient data included age, sex, body mass index, nutritional status, fat-free mass, disease, activities of daily living (ADL), duration of hospital stay, SARC-F, and occurrence of death within 30 days of hospitalization. The diseases that caused hospitalization and comorbidities (Charlson Comorbidity Index; CCI) were obtained from medical records. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group-performance status (PS) was used to determine ADL, and the in-hospital mortality rate within 30 days of hospitalization as the outcome. RESULTS We analyzed 2,424 patients. The mean age was 75.9±6.9 and 55.5% were male. Fifty-three in-hospital mortalities occurred among the participants within the first 30 days of hospitalization. Patients who died in-hospital were older, had poorer nutritional status and severer PS scores, and more comorbidities than those who did not. A SARC-F score of ≥4 predicted a higher mortality risk within those 30 days with the following precision: sensitivity 0.792 and specificity 0.805. There were significantly more deaths in Kaplan-Meier curves regarding a score of SARC-F≥4 than a score of SARC-F<4 (p<0.001). Cox proportional hazard analysis was used to identify the clinical indicators most associated with in-hospital mortality. SARC-F≥4 (Hazard Ratio: HR 5.65, p<0.001), CCI scores (HR1.11, p=0.004), and infectious and parasitic diseases (HR3.13, p=0.031) were associated with in-hospital mortality. The SARC-F items with significant in-hospital mortality effects were assistance with walking (HR 2.55, p<0.001) and climbing stairs (HR 2.46, p=0.002). CONCLUSION The SARC-F questionnaire is a useful prognostic indicator for older adults because a SARC-F ≥4 score during admission to an acute care hospital predicts in-hospital mortality within 30 days of hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ueshima
- Keisuke Maeda, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan, Phone: +81-562-46-2311; FAX: +81-562-44-8518, E-mail:
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Adriani O, Akaike Y, Asano K, Asaoka Y, Bagliesi MG, Berti E, Bigongiari G, Binns WR, Bongi M, Brogi P, Bruno A, Buckley JH, Cannady N, Castellini G, Checchia C, Cherry ML, Collazuol G, Ebisawa K, Fuke H, Gonzi S, Guzik TG, Hams T, Hibino K, Ichimura M, Ioka K, Ishizaki W, Israel MH, Kasahara K, Kataoka J, Kataoka R, Katayose Y, Kato C, Kawanaka N, Kawakubo Y, Kobayashi K, Kohri K, Krawczynski HS, Krizmanic JF, Link J, Maestro P, Marrocchesi PS, Messineo AM, Mitchell JW, Miyake S, Moiseev AA, Mori M, Mori N, Motz HM, Munakata K, Nakahira S, Nishimura J, de Nolfo GA, Okuno S, Ormes JF, Ospina N, Ozawa S, Pacini L, Palma F, Papini P, Rauch BF, Ricciarini SB, Sakai K, Sakamoto T, Sasaki M, Shimizu Y, Shiomi A, Sparvoli R, Spillantini P, Stolzi F, Sugita S, Suh JE, Sulaj A, Takita M, Tamura T, Terasawa T, Torii S, Tsunesada Y, Uchihori Y, Vannuccini E, Wefel JP, Yamaoka K, Yanagita S, Yoshida A, Yoshida K. Direct Measurement of the Cosmic-Ray Carbon and Oxygen Spectra from 10 GeV/n to 2.2 TeV/n with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:251102. [PMID: 33416351 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.251102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present the measurement of the energy spectra of carbon and oxygen in cosmic rays based on observations with the Calorimetric Electron Telescope on the International Space Station from October 2015 to October 2019. Analysis, including the detailed assessment of systematic uncertainties, and results are reported. The energy spectra are measured in kinetic energy per nucleon from 10 GeV/n to 2.2 TeV/n with an all-calorimetric instrument with a total thickness corresponding to 1.3 nuclear interaction length. The observed carbon and oxygen fluxes show a spectral index change of ∼0.15 around 200 GeV/n established with a significance >3σ. They have the same energy dependence with a constant C/O flux ratio 0.911±0.006 above 25 GeV/n. The spectral hardening is consistent with that measured by AMS-02, but the absolute normalization of the flux is about 27% lower, though in agreement with observations from previous experiments including the PAMELA spectrometer and the calorimetric balloon-borne experiment CREAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Adriani
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Y Akaike
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Asano
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - Y Asaoka
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M G Bagliesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - E Berti
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - G Bigongiari
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - W R Binns
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - M Bongi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - P Brogi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Bruno
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J H Buckley
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - N Cannady
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - G Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - C Checchia
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - M L Cherry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - G Collazuol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - K Ebisawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - H Fuke
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - S Gonzi
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - T G Guzik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - T Hams
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
| | - K Hibino
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - M Ichimura
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Hirosaki University, 3, Bunkyo, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8561, Japan
| | - K Ioka
- Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwakecho, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - W Ishizaki
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - M H Israel
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - K Kasahara
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
| | - J Kataoka
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - R Kataoka
- National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan
| | - Y Katayose
- Faculty of Engineering, Division of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - C Kato
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - N Kawanaka
- Hakubi Center, Kyoto University, Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Y Kawakubo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Kobayashi
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - K Kohri
- Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - H S Krawczynski
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - J F Krizmanic
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J Link
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P Maestro
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - P S Marrocchesi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A M Messineo
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - J W Mitchell
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Miyake
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Systems Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Ibaraki College, 866 Nakane, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 312-8508 Japan
| | - A A Moiseev
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M Mori
- Department of Physical Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - N Mori
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - H M Motz
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Global Center for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - K Munakata
- Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan
| | - S Nakahira
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - J Nishimura
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan
| | - G A de Nolfo
- Heliospheric Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Okuno
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - J F Ormes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Denver, Physics Building, Room 211, 2112 East Wesley Ave., Denver, Colorado 80208-6900, USA
| | - N Ospina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Padova, Via Marzolo, 8, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - S Ozawa
- Quantum ICT Advanced Development Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-Kitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - L Pacini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Palma
- INFN Sezione di Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Papini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - B F Rauch
- Department of Physics and McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, Washington University, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, Missouri 63130-4899, USA
| | - S B Ricciarini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
- Institute of Applied Physics (IFAC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - K Sakai
- Center for Space Sciences and Technology, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Sakamoto
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - M Sasaki
- Astroparticle Physics Laboratory, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Center for Research and Exploration in Space Sciences and Technology, NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Y Shimizu
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - A Shiomi
- College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi, Narashino, Chiba 275-8575, Japan
| | - R Sparvoli
- INFN Sezione di Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Spillantini
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - F Stolzi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - S Sugita
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - J E Suh
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - A Sulaj
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, via Roma 56, 53100 Siena, Italy
- INFN Sezione di Pisa, Polo Fibonacci, Largo B. Pontecorvo, 3-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - M Takita
- Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-Ha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8582, Japan
| | - T Tamura
- Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan
| | - T Terasawa
- RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Torii
- Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 17 Kikuicho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - Y Tsunesada
- Division of Mathematics and Physics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka 558-8585, Japan
| | - Y Uchihori
- National Institutes for Quantum and Radiation Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - E Vannuccini
- INFN Sezione di Florence, Via Sansone, 1-50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
| | - J P Wefel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, 202 Nicholson Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K Yamaoka
- Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - S Yanagita
- College of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan
| | - A Yoshida
- College of Science and Engineering, Department of Physics and Mathematics, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan
| | - K Yoshida
- Department of Electronic Information Systems, Shibaura Institute of Technology, 307 Fukasaku, Minuma, Saitama 337-8570, Japan
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Nishioka S, Yamanouchi A, Matsushita T, Nishioka E, Mori N, Taguchi S. Validity of calf circumference for estimating skeletal muscle mass for the patients after stroke. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Saito Y, Mori N, Saito K, Matsuoka T, Tateishi K, Kitahara H, Fujimoto Y, Kobayashi Y. Greater coronary lipid core plaque assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy intravascular ultrasound in patients with elevated xanthine oxidoreductase: a mechanistic insight. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Elevated serum uric acid level was reportedly associated with greater coronary lipid plaque. Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a rate-limiting enzyme in purine metabolism and believed to play important roles in coronary atherosclerosis. However, the relation of XOR to coronary lipid plaque and its mechanism are unclear.
Purpose
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of XOR on coronary lipid plaque and the associated factors with XOR in coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods
Patients with stable CAD undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention under near-infrared spectroscopy intravascular ultrasound (NIRS-IVUS) guidance were prospectively enrolled. They were divided into three groups according to serum XOR activities; low, normal, and high. Coronary lipid core plaques in non-target vessels were evaluated by NIRS-IVUS with lipid core burden index (LCBI) and a maximum LCBI in 4 mm (maxLCBI4mm). Systemic endothelial function and inflammation were assessed with reactive hyperemia index (RHI) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio.
Results
Of 68 patients, 26, 31, and 11 were classified as low, normal, and high XOR activity groups. LCBI (474.4±171.6 vs. 347.4±181.6 vs. 294.0±155.9, p=0.04) and maxLCBI4mm (102.1±56.5 vs. 65.6±48.5 vs. 55.6±37.8, p=0.04) were significantly higher in high XOR group than in normal and low XOR groups. Although RHI was significantly correlated with body mass index, diabetes, current smoking, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, no relation was found between XOR activity and RHI (Figure). There were also no relations between XOR activity and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, or platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (Figure).
Conclusion
Elevated XOR activity was associated with greater coronary lipid plaque in patients with stable CAD, without significant relations to systemic endothelial function and inflammation.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Saito
- Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - N Mori
- Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Saito
- Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Matsuoka
- Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Tateishi
- Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Kitahara
- Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Fujimoto
- Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Kobayashi
- Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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Ohya K, Imamura M, Teraoka Y, Morio K, Fujino H, Nakahara T, Ono A, Murakami E, Kawaoka T, Miki D, Tsuge M, Hiramatsu A, Aikata H, Hayes CN, Mori N, Takaki S, Tsuji K, Aisaka Y, Ishitobi T, Katamura Y, Kodama H, Nabeshima Y, Masaki K, Honda Y, Moriya T, Kohno H, Kohno H, Chayama K. Real-world efficacy of sofosbuvir plus velpatasvir therapy for patients with hepatitis C virus-related decompensated cirrhosis. Hepatol Res 2020; 50:1234-1243. [PMID: 32914512 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM Combination therapy with sofosbuvir (SOF) plus velpatasvir (VEL) is approved for patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related decompensated cirrhosis. We analyzed the real-world efficacy of SOF/VEL therapy. METHODS Thirty-three patients with HCV-related decompensated cirrhosis (25 and eight patients with Child B and C, respectively) were treated with SOF/VEL for 12 weeks. The HCV non-structural protein (NS)5A and NS5B drug resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) were determined by direct sequencing. RESULT Thirty-two of 33 patients completed the treatment, but the remaining patient discontinued the therapy during third week of the treatment due to aggravation of hepatic encephalopathy. Serum HCV-RNA became negative during the treatment in all patients but relapsed after the end of therapy in five patients. In total, 28 out of 33 patients (85%) achieved sustained virological response 12 weeks following completion of treatment (SVR12). The SVR12 rate was 96% in patients with Child B, but significantly lower, at 50%, in patients with Child C (P < 0.05). In genotype 1b HCV-infected patients, all eight patients without baseline NS5A RASs, but only three of seven patients with RASs, achieved SVR12. Multivariate analysis identified Child B (odds ratio, 35.8 for Child C; P = 0.045) as an independent predictor of SVR12. Median serum albumin levels significantly increased only in patients who achieved SVR12. Child-Pugh scores improved in 16 of 28 patients (57%) following achievement of SVR12. CONCLUSION The effect of SOF/VEL therapy is lower for patients with Child C. Improvement of hepatic function is expected after viral eradication with SOF/VEL therapy in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Ohya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michio Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuji Teraoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kei Morio
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hatsue Fujino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ono
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eisuke Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Kawaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Daiki Miki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masataka Tsuge
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akira Hiramatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - C Nelson Hayes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology/Liver Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology/Liver Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology/Liver Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Aisaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hatsukaichi, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ishitobi
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Yoshida General Hospital, Akitakata, Japan
| | - Yoshio Katamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Onomichi General Hospital, Onomichi, Japan
| | - Hideaki Kodama
- Department of Hepatology, Hiroshima-Nishi Medical Center, Otake, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nabeshima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chuden Hospital, The Chugoku Electric Power Company, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiichi Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yohji Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Moriya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chugoku Rousai Hospital, Kure, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kohno
- Department of Gastroenterology Kure Medical Center, Kure, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kohno
- Department of Gastroenterology Kure Medical Center, Kure, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
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43
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Ando Y, Kawaoka T, Suehiro Y, Yamaoka K, Kosaka Y, Uchikawa S, Kodama K, Morio K, Fujino H, Nakahara T, Murakami E, Yamauchi M, Tsuge M, Hiramatsu A, Fukuhara T, Mori N, Takaki S, Tsuji K, Nonaka M, Hyogo H, Aisaka Y, Masaki K, Honda Y, Moriya T, Naeshiro N, Azakami T, Takahashi S, Imamura M, Chayama K, Aikata H. Analysis of Post-Progression Survival in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Lenvatinib. Oncology 2020; 98:787-797. [PMID: 32882687 DOI: 10.1159/000509387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although a strong antitumor effect of lenvatinib (LEN) has been noted for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), there are still no reports on the prognosis for patients with disease progression after first-line LEN therapy. METHODS Patients (n = 141) with unresectable HCC, Child-Pugh class A liver function, and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS) of 0 or 1 who were treated with LEN from March 2018 to December 2019 were enrolled. RESULTS One hundred and five patients were treated with LEN as first-line therapy, 53 of whom had progressive disease (PD) at the radiological evaluation. Among the 53 patients with PD, there were 27 candidates for second-line therapy, who had Child-Pugh class A liver function and an ECOG-PS of 0 or 1 at progression. After progression on first-line LEN, 28 patients were treated with a molecular targeted agent (MTA) as second-line therapy (sorafenib: n = 26; ramucirumab: n = 2). Multivariate analysis identified modified albumin-bilirubin grade 1 or 2a at LEN initiation (odds ratio 5.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.465-18.31, p = 0.011) as a significant and independent factor for candidates. The median post-progression survival after PD on first-line LEN was 8.3 months. Cox hazard multivariate analysis showed that a low alpha-fetoprotein level (<400 ng/mL; hazard ratio [HR] 0.297, 95% CI 0.099-0.886, p = 0.003), a relative tumor volume <50% at the time of progression (HR 0.204, 95% CI 0.07-0.592, p = 0.03), and switching to MTAs as second-line treatment after LEN (HR 0.299, 95% CI 0.12-0.746, p = 0.01) were significant prognostic factors. CONCLUSION Among patients with PD on first-line LEN, good liver function at introduction of LEN was an important and favorable factor related to eligibility for second-line therapy. In addition, post-progression treatment with MTAs could improve the prognosis for patients who had been treated with first-line LEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwa Ando
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Kawaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yosuke Suehiro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenji Yamaoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yumi Kosaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Uchikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Kodama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kei Morio
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hatsue Fujino
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakahara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Eisuke Murakami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masami Yamauchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masataka Tsuge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akira Hiramatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fukuhara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michihiro Nonaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hyogo
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Aisaka
- Department of Gastroenterology, JA Hiroshima General Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiichi Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoji Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Moriya
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chugoku Rosai Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noriaki Naeshiro
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Higashihiroshima Medical Center, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takahiro Azakami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Memorial Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shoichi Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michio Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN) Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan,
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44
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Takaki S, Imamura M, Yamaguchi S, Fukuhara T, Mori N, Tsuji K, Ohya K, Hayes CN, Aikata H, Chayama K. Real-word efficacy of sofosbuvir, velpatasvir plus ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis patients who failed to prior DAA therapy with NS5A-P32 deletion mutated HCV infection. Clin J Gastroenterol 2020; 13:1233-1238. [PMID: 32656649 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-020-01182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5A-P32 deletion (P32del) confers potent resistance to NS5A inhibitors. Chronic hepatitis C patients in whom NS5A-P32del variants had emerged during prior direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy with an NS5A inhibitor show poor response to DAA retreatment. Here, we report three patients with HCV NS5A-P32del infection who were treated with sofosbuvir, velpatasvir plus ribavirin (SOF/VEL + RBV) in a real-world setting. The patients developed HCV NS5A-P32del, L31F + P32del, or L31V + P32del variants following failure of daclatasvir plus asunaprevir (DCV/ASV) therapy. One of the patients failed to respond to subsequent DCV/ASV and beclabuvir therapy, and the remaining two patients failed to respond to subsequent glecaprevir and pibrentasvir therapy. All three patients completed 24-week SOF/VEL + RBV therapy. Serum HCV RNA became negative at the end of the therapy in all three patients. Two patients with NS5A-P32del and NS5A-L31F + P32del achieved sustained virological response 12 weeks after completion of treatment (SVR12), but HCV relapsed in the remaining NS5A-L13V + P32del patient. Direct sequence analysis detected no additional variants within either the NS5A or NS5B regions at the time of relapse. In conclusion, three patients with prior NS5A-P32del-associated DAA treatment failure received 24 weeks of SOF/VEL + RBV therapy, and two of the patients achieved SVR12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology/Liver Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michio Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan. .,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Shuji Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kure Kyosai Hospital, Kure, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fukuhara
- Department of Gastroenterology/Liver Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology/Liver Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology/Liver Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ohya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Clair Nelson Hayes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Center for Medical Specialist Graduate Education and Research, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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45
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ITOU Y, Kimura S, Fujiwara Y, Yamamoto Y, Okamura S, Okawa T, Murakami M, Matsuo K, Tanaka S, Mori N, Mori K. SUN-415 THROMBOTIC MICROANGIOPATHY AFTER STEROID PULSE THERAPY IN A RAPIDLY-PROGRESSIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS CASE HAVING HIGH -TITER ANTI-GBM ANTIBODY AND MPO-ANCA. Kidney Int Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.02.955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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46
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YAMAMOTO Y, Tanaka S, Matsuo K, Kawamura A, Kosaka K, Mori N, Mori K. SUN-054 A CASE WITH ASCITES, PROTEINURIA AND OLIGURIA FOLLOWING POST-PARTUM HELLP SYNDROME TREATED BY EXTRACORPOREAL ULTRAFILTRATION: RENAL CONGESTION AS THE 4TH CATEGORY OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY. Kidney Int Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.02.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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47
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Mori K, Itou Y, Yamamoto T, Mori N, Kotani M, Sato Y, Tabara Y, Nakatani E. SUN-109 RISK FACTORS FOR THE INITIATION OF DIALYSIS THERAPY IN MIDDLE AGE TO ELDERLY PEOPLE WITHIN THE JAPANESE HEALTH CHECK POPULATION: THE SHIZUOKA STUDY. Kidney Int Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.02.636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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48
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Johira Y, Hatooka H, Mori N, Fukuhara T, Takaki S, Shimomura Y, Imamura M, Hayes CN, Tsuji K, Chayama K. Regression of Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in a Patient With Eradication of Hepatitis C Virus by Direct-Acting Antivirals. Hepatology 2020; 71:389-391. [PMID: 31432523 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Johira
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Haruna Hatooka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fukuhara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yumi Shimomura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michio Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - C Nelson Hayes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Naka-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
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49
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Ishida Y, Maeda K, Nonogaki T, Shimizu A, Yamanaka Y, Matsuyama R, Kato R, Ueshima J, Murotani K, Mori N. SARC-F as a Screening Tool for Sarcopenia and Possible Sarcopenia Proposed by AWGS 2019 in Hospitalized Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2020; 24:1053-1060. [PMID: 33244560 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-020-1462-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT The SARC-F questionnaire is a sarcopenia screening tool. However, the validity of the SARC-F score ≥4 (SARC-F≥4) for the evaluation of sarcopenia in the hospital setting has not been investigated. This study investigated the validity of SARC-F≥4 as a screening tool for sarcopenia among hospitalized older adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional retrospective study. SETTING A university hospital. PARTICIPANTS This study included older adult patients (age ≥65 years) who were hospitalized at, and subsequently discharged from, the hospital between April and September 2019 and underwent a nutritional assessment by the nutrition support team during their hospitalization. MEASUREMENTS SARC-F was recorded at the time of admission, and the criteria specified by the Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia in 2019 (AWGS 2019) were applied to diagnose sarcopenia and possible sarcopenia. Appendicular muscle mass was estimated through validated equations, and three different models were developed for sarcopenia diagnosis. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive/negative likelihood ratios were calculated to analyze the accuracy of the SARC-F≥4 for sarcopenia and possible sarcopenia. Receiver-operating characteristic analyses were conducted to calculate the area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS In total, 1,689 patients (mean age: 77.2±7.3 years; male: 54.4%) were analyzed, and 636 patients (37.7%) had SARC-F≥4. Patients with SARC-F≥4 had a statistically significant higher prevalence of AWGS 2019-defined sarcopenia than patients with SARC-F <4 in the models (65.4-78.9% vs 40.9-45.2%, p<0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive/negative likelihood ratios of SARC-F≥4 for sarcopenia and possible sarcopenia were 49.1-51.3%, 73.9-81.2%, and 1.88-2.72/0.60-0.69 and 48.0%, 84.5%, and 3.11/0.62, respectively. The AUC for sarcopenia and possible sarcopenia were 0.644-0.695 and 0.708, respectively. The AUC of SARC-F for possible sarcopenia was equivalent to or larger than that for sarcopenia (DeLong test p=0.438, 0.088, and <0.001 vs the three models). CONCLUSIONS SARC-F≥4 is suitable as a screening tool for sarcopenia in hospitalized older adults. SARC-F assessment could facilitate the detection and exclusion of sarcopenia at hospitalization and may lead to early adoption of a therapeutic and preventive approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ishida
- Keisuke Maeda, Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan, Phone: +81-562-46-2311; FAX: +81-562-44-8518, E-mail:
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50
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Kishi Y, Takaki S, Fukuhara T, Mori N, Okanobu H, Tsuji K, Maeda T, Fujiwara M, Nagai K, Furukawa Y. [A case of liver metastasis 11 years after resection of a gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the duodenum]. Nihon Shokakibyo Gakkai Zasshi 2019; 116:1030-1038. [PMID: 31827043 DOI: 10.11405/nisshoshi.116.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A 77-year-old Japanese man with a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) had undergone a duodenectomy 11 years prior. At that time, he had an incidentally detected left renal cell carcinoma, for which he underwent a nephrectomy and was followed-up at our institution. Twenty-four months after the nephrectomy, a 13-mm low-density mass was found on abdominal computed tomography (CT). Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography indicated an irregular hyperenhancement in the vascular phase and a defect on the post-vascular image. A tumor biopsy for differential diagnosis revealed that the tumor was a GIST. Since positron emission tomography-CT and capsule endoscopy revealed no evidence of a primary lesion, we performed a partial hepatectomy without adjuvant treatment. Microscopic examination revealed that the tumor consisted of uniform spindle cells with a fascicular growth pattern. Immunohistochemical examination revealed c-kit and CD34 expressions, similar to those found in the resected duodenal GIST specimen 11 years prior. We diagnosed metastatic liver tumor from the duodenal GIST resected 11 years prior. The patient remains alive without disease recurrence 24 months after the hepatectomy. Long-term surveillance is required after resection of a high-risk primary GIST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Kishi
- Resident, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital
| | - Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital
| | - Takayuki Fukuhara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital
| | - Hideharu Okanobu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital
| | - Takashi Maeda
- Department of Surgery, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital
| | - Megumu Fujiwara
- Department of Pathology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital
| | - Kenta Nagai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Miyoshi Central Hospital
| | - Yoshinari Furukawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-bomb Survivors Hospital
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