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Tahata Y, Hikita H, Mochida S, Enomoto N, Ido A, Kuroda H, Miki D, Kurosaki M, Hiasa Y, Sakamori R, Kawada N, Yamashita T, Suda G, Yatsuhashi H, Yoshiji H, Kato N, Takami T, Nakao K, Matsuura K, Asahina Y, Itoh Y, Tateishi R, Nakamoto Y, Kakazu E, Terai S, Shimizu M, Ueno Y, Akuta N, Miyazaki M, Nozaki Y, Kabayama M, Sobue S, Moriuchi A, Miyaki T, Kodama T, Tatsumi T, Yamada T, Takehara T. Posttreatment liver function, but not baseline liver function stratifies patient survival after direct-acting antiviral treatment in decompensated cirrhosis with hepatitis C virus. J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:1211-1221. [PMID: 37831182 PMCID: PMC10657790 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-023-02039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of cirrhosis is clearly stratified by liver function. Although direct-acting antiviral (DAA) has recently been used to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV), it is not clear whether liver function stratifies the prognosis of decompensated cirrhotic patients treated with DAA. METHODS A total of 206 HCV-associated decompensated cirrhotic patients who started DAA from February 2019 to December 2021 at 31 Japanese hospitals were prospectively registered. RESULTS The median age was 68, and the proportions of patients with Child-Pugh class A (CP-A), CP-B and CP-C were 10% (20/206), 76% (156/206) and 15% (30/206), respectively. Twenty-six patients died, and two patients underwent liver transplantation (LT); the 2- and 3-year LT-free survival rates were 90.0% and 83.2%, respectively. We examined factors associated with LT-free survival using 2 models including either CP class (Model 1) or MELD score (Model 2). In multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, CP class at 12 weeks after the end of treatment (EOT) in Model 1 and MELD score at 12 weeks after the EOT in Model 2 were significant factors, while baseline CP class or MELD score was not. Two-year LT-free survival rates were 100%, 91.6% and 60.4% for patients with CP-A, CP-B and CP-C at 12 weeks after the EOT and 95.2% and 69.6% for patients with MELD < 15 and MELD ≥ 15 at 12 weeks after the EOT, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The prognosis of decompensated cirrhotic patients receiving DAA was stratified by liver function at 12 weeks after the EOT, not by baseline liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tahata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hayato Hikita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoshi Mochida
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Enomoto
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Akio Ido
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hidekatsu Kuroda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - Daiki Miki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kurosaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Hiasa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Sakamori
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taro Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Goki Suda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuhashi
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Yoshiji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Naoya Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Taro Takami
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Ube, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kentaro Matsuura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Asahina
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Liver Disease Control, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Tateishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunari Nakamoto
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Eiji Kakazu
- The Research Center for Hepatitis and Immunology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shuji Terai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ueno
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Norio Akuta
- Department of Hepatology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Yasutoshi Nozaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kansai Rosai Hospital, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kabayama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kagoshima Prefectural Oshima Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sobue
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kasugai Municipal Hospital, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Akihiro Moriuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kagoshima Medical Center, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tomokatsu Miyaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Toyokawa City Hospital, Toyokawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kodama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomohide Tatsumi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomomi Yamada
- Department of Medical Innovation, Osaka University Hospital, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Takehara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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Kotani K, Enomoto M, Uchida-Kobayashi S, Tamori A, Yukawa-Muto Y, Odagiri N, Motoyama H, Kozuka R, Kawamura E, Hagihara A, Fujii H, Kageyama K, Yamamoto A, Yoshida A, Higashiyama S, Kawabe J, Kawada N. Short-term hepatocyte function and portal hypertension outcomes of sofosbuvir/ velpatasvir for decompensated hepatitis C-related cirrhosis. J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:394-404. [PMID: 36729172 PMCID: PMC10049944 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-023-01963-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether hepatocyte function and/or portal hypertension improves if a sustained virologic response (SVR) is achieved with direct-acting antivirals in patients with decompensated hepatitis C-related cirrhosis. METHODS We examined the safety and efficacy of a 12-week course of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) in 20 patients with decompensated hepatitis C-related cirrhosis. We also investigated changes in the hepatocyte receptor index (LHL15) and blood clearance index (HH15) by Tc-99 m-galactosyl human serum albumin scintigraphy, liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography, and hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) in patients who achieved an SVR at 24 weeks after treatment (SVR24). RESULTS One patient discontinued treatment because of rectal variceal hemorrhage, and 19 patients completed treatment. SVR24 was achieved in 17 patients (89%). Median LHL15 increased from 0.72 pre-treatment to 0.82 after SVR24 (p = 0.012), and median HH15 decreased from 0.82 pre-treatment to 0.76 after SVR24 (p = 0.010). The percentage of patients with LSM ≥ 20 kPa was 90% before treatment and remained at 90% after SVR24. However, the percentage with severe portal hypertension (defined as HVPG ≥ 12 mmHg) decreased from 92% pre-treatment to 58% after SVR24 (p = 0.046). Patients with a decreased HVPG from pre-treatment to after SVR24 had a smaller pre-treatment spleen volume than those with an increased HVPG (median, 252 vs. 537 mL, p = 0.028). CONCLUSION Achieving SVR24 with SOF/VEL treatment in patients with decompensated hepatitis C-related cirrhosis can be expected to improve hepatocyte function and portal hypertension on short-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kotani
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Masaru Enomoto
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Sawako Uchida-Kobayashi
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tamori
- Department of Hepatology, Kashiwara Municipal Hospital, 1-7-9 Houzenji, Kashiwara, Osaka, 582-0005, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Yukawa-Muto
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Naoshi Odagiri
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Motoyama
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Ritsuzo Kozuka
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Etsushi Kawamura
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hagihara
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hideki Fujii
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Ken Kageyama
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Yamamoto
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yoshida
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Higashiyama
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Joji Kawabe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Norifumi Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-4-3 Asahimachi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
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3
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Liu CH, Peng CY, Liu CJ, Chen CY, Lo CC, Tseng KC, Su PY, Kao WY, Tsai MC, Tung HD, Cheng HT, Lee FJ, Huang CS, Huang KJ, Shih YL, Yang SS, Wu JH, Lai HC, Fang YJ, Chen PY, Hwang JJ, Tseng CW, Su WW, Chang CC, Lee PL, Chen JJ, Chang CY, Hsieh TY, Chang CH, Huang YJ, Kao JH. Sofosbuvir/ velpatasvir/voxilaprevir for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection previously treated with NS5A direct-acting antivirals: a real-world multicenter cohort in Taiwan. Hepatol Int 2023; 17:291-302. [PMID: 36701081 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-022-10475-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Real-world data are scarce about the effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir (SOF/VEL/VOX) for retreating East Asian patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection who previously received NS5A direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). We conducted a multicenter study to assess the performance of SOF/VEL/VOX in patients who were not responsive to prior NS5A inhibitors in Taiwan. METHODS Between September 2021 and May 2022, 107 patients who failed NS5A inhibitor-containing DAAs with SOF/VEL/VOX salvage therapy for 12 weeks were included at 16 academic centers. The sustained virologic response at off-treatment week 12 (SVR12) was assessed in the evaluable (EP) and per-protocol (PP) populations. The safety profiles were also reported. RESULTS All patients completed 12 weeks of treatment and achieved an end-of-treatment virologic response. The SVR12 rates were 97.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 92.1-99.0%) and 100% (95% CI 96.4-100%) in EP and PP populations. Three (2.8%) patients were lost to off-treatment follow-up and did not meet SVR12 in the EP population. No baseline factors predicted SVR12. Two (1.9%) not-fatal serious adverse events (AE) occurred but were unrelated to SOF/VEL/VOX. Sixteen (15.0%) had grade 2 total bilirubin elevation, and three (2.8%) had grade 2 alanine transaminase (ALT) elevation. Thirteen (81.3%) of the 16 patients with grade 2 total bilirubin elevation had unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. The estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) were comparable between baseline and SVR12, regardless of baseline renal reserve. CONCLUSIONS SOF/VEL/VOX is highly efficacious and well-tolerated for East Asian HCV patients previously treated with NS5A inhibitor-containing DAAs. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION The study was not a drug trial. There was no need for clinical trial registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hua Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yuan Peng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Digestive Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yi Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chu Lo
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Daya, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chih Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzuchi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yuan Su
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Tsai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Da Tung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chi-Mei Hospital, Liouying, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Tsai Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Jen Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Sheng Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yang Ming Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Jhang Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lueng Shih
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Shun Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jo-Hsuan Wu
- Shiley Eye Institute and Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Glaucoma Center, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hsueh-Chou Lai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Digestive Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Fang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yueh Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jow-Jyh Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Daya, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzuchi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Su
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lun Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chi-Mei Hospital, Liouying, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Jou Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chi-Mei Hospital, Liouying, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yang Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Yuan Hsieh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsin Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jie Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Choi E, Han DG, Park JE, Lee HY, Yoo JW, Jung Y, Song IS, Yoon IS. A simple and sensitive HPLC-FL method for bioanalysis of velpatasvir, a novel hepatitis C virus NS5A inhibitor, in rat plasma: Investigation of factors determining its oral bioavailability. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1208:123399. [PMID: 35921698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Velpatasvir is a novel inhibitor of hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A that received US Food and Drug Administration approval for the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotypes 1-6. In the present study, a sensitive bioanalytical method for velpatasvir was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a fluorescence detector system, which was applied to elucidate the factors determining the oral bioavailability and disposition of velpatasvir. This method offered sufficient sensitivity, with a lower limit of quantification of 0.5 ng/mL, which is comparable to previously reported methods using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Velpatasvir exhibited low oral bioavailability, moderate intestinal permeability, and significant biliary excretion in rats. It was also found to be significantly metabolized in the liver, with a low-to-moderate extraction ratio; however, its intestinal metabolism and enterohepatic circulation did not occur. Thus, our present results demonstrate that the oral bioavailability of velpatasvir is primarily dependent on gut absorption and hepatic first-pass metabolism. The fractions of velpatasvir dose unabsorbed from the gut and eliminated by the liver before reaching the systemic circulation following oral administration were estimated to be 32.8%-58.6% and 4.74%-30.54% of the oral dose, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first systematic study to investigate the contributory roles of biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic factors on the oral bioavailability of velpatasvir, together with a new bioanalytical method for velpatasvir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Choi
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Dong-Gyun Han
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Park
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, South Korea
| | - Ha-Yeon Lee
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, South Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Im-Sook Song
- BK21 FOUR Community-Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, Vessel-Organ Interaction Research Center (VOICE), Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea.
| | - In-Soo Yoon
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
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5
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Liu CH, Kao JH. Pan-genotypic direct-acting antivirals for patients with hepatitis C virus infection and chronic kidney disease stage 4 or 5. Hepatol Int 2022. [PMID: 35876967 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-022-10390-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major health problem with significant clinical and economic burdens in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 4 or 5. Current guidelines recommend pan-genotypic direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) to be the first-line treatment of choice for HCV. This review summarizes the updated knowledge regarding the epidemiology, natural history, public health perspectives of HCV in patients with CKD stage 4 or 5, including those on maintenance dialysis, and the performance of pan-genotypic DAAs in these patients. The prevalence and incidence of HCV are much higher in patients with CKD stage 4 or 5 than in the general population. The prognosis is compromised if HCV patients are left untreated regardless of kidney transplantation (KT). Following treatment-induced HCV eradication, patient can improve the health-related outcomes by maintaining a long-term aviremic state. The sustained virologic response (SVR12) rates and safety profiles of pan-genotypic DAAs against HCV are excellent irrespective of KT. No dose adjustment of pan-genotypic DAAs is required across CKD stages. Assessing drug–drug interactions (DDIs) before HCV treatment is vital to secure on-treatment safety. The use of prophylactic or preemptive pan-genotypic DAAs in HCV-negative recipients who receive HCV-positive kidneys has shown promise in shortening KT waiting time, achieving excellent on-treatment efficacy and safety, and maintaining post-KT patient and graft survival. HCV elimination is highly feasible through multifaceted interventions, including mass screening, treatment scale-up, universal precautions, and post-SVR12 reinfection surveillance.
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Abdelazim AH, Ramzy S, Abdelzaher AM, Shahin M. Comparative evaluation of different mathematical models for simultaneous UV spectrophotometric quantitative analysis of velpatasvir and sofosbuvir. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2022; 267:120536. [PMID: 34739999 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Velpatasvir and sofosbuvir are new drugs prescribed in a combined pharmaceutical dosage form that pose a new challenge for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. In this work, a comparative evaluation of the classical mathematical model, simultaneous equations, and the advanced mathematical model, partial least squares, for the spectrophotometric quantitative analysis of velpatasvir and sofosbuvir in bulk powder and in the new combined pharmaceutical dosage form was presented. The mathematical simultaneous equation method was used to resolve the overlap between velpatasvir and sofosbuvir. The absorbance and absorbativity values at 255 and 244.8 were used to construct two mathematical equations required for spectrophotometric quantitative analysis of the drugs under study. Partial least squares, an advanced mathematical tool dealing with the full spectral data of velpatasvir and sofosbuvir, was also introduced. An experimental design for the calibration sets and validation sets for the binary mixture of the drugs under study were created. The model was optimized based on a five-level, two-factor experimental design. Pre-processing of the spectral data was applied and resulted in the exclusion of the spectral region from 200 to 230 nm due to noise. The described methods were successfully applied to the spectrophotometric quantitative analysis of velpatasvir and sofosbuvir in Epclusa® tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Abdelazim
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sherif Ramzy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Abdelzaher
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Shahin
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Beheira, Egypt
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7
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Chen CT, Lu MY, Hsieh MH, Tsai PC, Hsieh TY, Yeh ML, Huang CI, Tsai YS, Ko YM, Lin CC, Chen KY, Wei YJ, Hsu PY, Hsu CT, Jang TY, Liu TW, Liang PC, Hsieh MY, Lin ZY, Huang CF, Huang JF, Dai CY, Chuang WL, Shih YL, Yu ML. Outreach onsite treatment with a simplified pangenotypic direct-acting anti-viral regimen for hepatitis C virus micro-elimination in a prison. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:263-274. [PMID: 35110949 PMCID: PMC8776526 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i2.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prisoners are at risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, especially among the people who inject drugs (PWID). We implemented an outreach strategy in combination with universal mass screening and immediate onsite treatment with a simplified pan-genotypic direct-acting antivirals (DAA) regimen, 12 wk of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir, in a PWID-dominant prison in Taiwan.
AIM To implement an outreach strategy in combination with universal mass screening and immediate onsite treatment with a simplified pan-genotypic DAA regimen in a PWID-dominant prison in Taiwan.
METHODS HCV-viremic patients were recruited for onsite treatment program for HCV micro-elimination with a pangenotypic DAA regimen, 12 wk of sofosbuvir/ velpatasvir, from two cohorts in Penghu Prison, either identified by mass screen or in outpatient clinics, in September 2019. Another group of HCV-viremic patients identified sporadically in outpatient clinics before mass screening were enrolled as a control group. The primary endpoint was sustained virological response (SVR12, defined as undetectable HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) 12 wk after end-of-treatment).
RESULTS A total of 212 HCV-viremic subjects were recruited for HCV micro-elimination campaign; 91 patients treated with sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir or glecaprevir/ pibrentasvir before mass screening were enrolled as a control. The HCV micro-elimination group had significantly lower proportion of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, advanced fibrosis and chronic kidney diseases, but higher levels of HCV RNA. The SVR12 rate was comparable between the HCV micro-elimination and control groups, 95.8% (203/212) vs 94.5% (86/91), respectively, in intent-to-treat analysis, and 100% (203/203) vs 98.9% (86/87), respectively, in per-protocol analysis. There was no virological failure, treatment discontinuation, and serious adverse event among sofosbuvir/velpatasvir-treated patients in the HCV micro-elimination group.
CONCLUSION Outreach mass screening followed by immediate onsite treatment with a simplified pangenotypic DAA regimen, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir, provides successful strategies toward HCV micro-elimination among prisoners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ting Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital Penghu Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Penghu County 88041, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ying Lu
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Hsieh
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Yuan Hsieh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lun Yeh
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ching-I Huang
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shan Tsai
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Ko
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chih Lin
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yu Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Wei
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yao Hsu
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ting Hsu
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tyng-Yuan Jang
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Wei Liu
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Po-Cheng Liang
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yen Hsieh
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Zu-Yau Lin
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Feng Huang
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lueng Shih
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital Penghu Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Penghu County 88041, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
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8
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Cheng PN, Mo LR, Chen CT, Chen CY, Huang CF, Kuo HT, Lo CC, Tseng KC, Huang YH, Tai CM, Peng CY, Bair MJ, Chen CH, Yeh ML, Lin CL, Lin CY, Lee PL, Chong LW, Hung CH, Chang TS, Huang JF, Yang CC, Hu JT, Lin CW, Wang CC, Su WW, Hsieh TY, Lin CL, Tsai WL, Lee TH, Chen GY, Wang SJ, Chang CC, Yang SS, Wu WC, Huang CS, Chou KH, Kao CN, Tsai PC, Liu CH, Lee MH, Cheng CY, Tsai MC, Liu CJ, Dai CY, Lin HC, Kao JH, Chuang WL, Yu ML. Sofosbuvir/ Velpatasvir for Hepatitis C Virus Infection: Real-World Effectiveness and Safety from a Nationwide Registry in Taiwan. Infect Dis Ther 2021; 11:485-500. [PMID: 34967920 PMCID: PMC8847492 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-021-00576-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pangenotypic direct-acting antivirals are expected to cure hepatitis C virus (HCV) in more than 95% of treated patients. However, data on the effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) in Taiwan are limited. This study aims to characterize the patient population in the nationwide Taiwan Association for the Study of the Liver (TASL) HCV Registry and evaluate treatment outcome in Taiwanese patients receiving SOF/VEL. METHODS This study was a retrospective-prospective, observational, multicenter, real-world analysis. Adults with chronic hepatitis C were treated with SOF/VEL 400/100 mg ± ribavirin for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was sustained virologic response 12 weeks after end of therapy (SVR12). Factors associated with not achieving SVR12 were evaluated using logistic regression and covariate analysis. Safety was also assessed. RESULTS In total, 3480 patients were included: 86.8% genotype 1/2, 2.8% genotype 3, 0.1% genotype 4/5, 9.6% genotype 6; unclassified, 0.8%; 12.2% compensated cirrhosis; 3.3% decompensated cirrhosis; and 15.8% chronic kidney disease. Overall SVR12 rate was 99.4% (genotype 1, 99.5%; genotype 2, 99.4%; genotype 3, 96.9%; genotype 4, 100%; genotype 6, 99.7%). SVR12 rates among patients with compensated cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis, and chronic kidney disease stages 4-5 were 99.5%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. There were 21 patients (0.6%) who did not achieve SVR12. Factors associated with failure were treatment adherence below 60%, high viral load, and genotype 3 (p < 0.001, p = 0.028, and p = 0.001, respectively). Adverse events occurred in 10% of patients; 0.6% were serious and one was related to treatment. Treatment discontinuation occurred in 0.3% of patients; none were treatment related. The estimated glomerular filtration rate remained stable throughout treatment and follow-up, regardless of baseline values and cirrhosis status. CONCLUSION SOF/VEL was highly effective and well tolerated in Taiwanese patients, irrespective of viral genotype, liver disease severity, and comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Nan Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Lein-Ray Mo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tainan Municipal Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ting Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital Penghu Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yi Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Feng Huang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Tao Kuo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Yongkang District, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chu Lo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chih Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzuchi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiang Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Tai
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yuan Peng
- Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jong Bair
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taitung Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taitung, Taiwan.,Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Chen
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lun Yeh
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lang Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lun Lee
- Liouying Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Won Chong
- Division of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Hung
- Division of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, ChiaYi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Te Sheng Chang
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, ChiaYi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jee-Fu Huang
- School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chieh Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Division of Internal Medicine, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ting Hu
- Liver Center, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, E-Da Dachang Hospital, and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Wang
- Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Su
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Yuan Hsieh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lin Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taipei City Hospital, Renai Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Tsai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Hsi Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guei-Ying Chen
- Penghu Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Penghu, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Jen Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Shun Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chih Wu
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Kwok-Hsiung Chou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital Penghu Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Neng Kao
- National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hua Liu
- Hepatitis Research Center and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsuan Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Cheng
- Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Tsai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Hepatitis Research Center and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yen Dai
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chieh Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- Hepatitis Research Center and Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Long Chuang
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Lung Yu
- Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatitis Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine and Hepatitis Research Center, College of Medicine, and Center for Cancer Research and Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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9
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Xu Q, Zhang W, Ma YX, He CN, Zhang LT, Abulitifu Y, Li Y, Wang N, Wang HL, Zhao YY, Gao X, Gao PG, Su XY, Li S, Liu YY, Guo F, Chen ZQ, Liu HL, Gao XQ, Fu JJ, Yu GY, Wang XZ, Wang JP, Zhang YP, Ji FP. [Twelve-week of sofosbuvir/ velpatasvir therapeutic regimen for chronic hepatitis C patients in northwest region of China: a real-world multicenter clinical study]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2021; 29:1046-1052. [PMID: 34933421 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20201010-00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To study the real-world outcome of China FDA-approved Sofosbuvir (SOF)/Velpatasvir (VEL) in Northwest China. Methods: In this multicenter, prospective, real-world cohort study, we recruited patients from 10 sites from Northwest China, who were chronically infected with HCV GTs 1-6 from 06/2018 to 09/2019. Patients received SOF (400mg)/VEL (100mg) for 12 weeks, and with ribavirin 900-1200 mg for GT3 cirrhosis and for any genotype decompensated cirrhosis. The primary endpoint was sustained virological response at 12-weeks post-treatment (SVR12) and safety. The secondary endpoint was the change of liver function after the achievement of SVR12. Results: Totally, 143 patients were enrolled in the study, four patients were lost to follow-up and one died during the follow-up, 138 patients were included in per-protocol analysis. Of the 138 patients, the mean age 53 years, 53.6% male, 94.2% Han nationality, 53.6% liver cirrhosis, 10.1% HBsAg(+), 6.5% renal dysfunction, 5.1% treatment-experienced, and 16.7% patients received ribavirin treatment. The genotype distribution was as follows: 35.5% GT1, 42.8% GT2, 15.9% GT3, and 5.8% un-typed. The SVR12 rate was 96.5% (138/143, 95%CI: 93.5%-99.6%) for intention-to-treat analysis, and in per-protocol analysis, all 138 patients obtained SVR12 (100%). Compared with baseline, the serum total bilirubin, ALT and AFP levels decreased (all P < 0.05), as well as increased ALB and platelet count (all P < 0.001) at post-treatment 12-weeks. Overall adverse events (AEs) rate is 29.0%, and the most common AEs were anemia (14.5%) and fatigue (8.0%). Severe side effects (edema and fatigue) occurred in 2 patients, one of whom needed a short-term interruption of treatment due to fatigue. Conclusion: In this real-world cohort study, 12-week SOF/VEL regimen with or without ribavirin achieved high SVR12 rates (96.5%-100% overall) with excellent safety profile among patients with HCV GT1/2/3 infection including patients with GT3 and cirrhosis, and led to improvement of liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Xu
- Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - W Zhang
- Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Y X Ma
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining 810000, China
| | - C N He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China Shaanxi Provincial Shenmu Hospital, Yulin 719300, China
| | - L T Zhang
- First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yilihamu Abulitifu
- People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China
| | - Y Li
- Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - N Wang
- The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - H L Wang
- The Eighth hospital of Xi'an City, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Y Y Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - X Gao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - P G Gao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - X Y Su
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - S Li
- Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Y Y Liu
- The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - F Guo
- Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - Z Q Chen
- Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - H L Liu
- Central Hospital of Xianyang City, Xianyang 712000, China
| | - X Q Gao
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining 810000, China
| | - J J Fu
- The Affiliated Xi'an Central Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710003, China
| | - G Y Yu
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining 810000, China
| | - X Z Wang
- Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830000, China
| | - J P Wang
- Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Y P Zhang
- People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830001, China
| | - F P Ji
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an 710049, China
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10
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Abdelazim AH, Shahin M, Abu-Khadra AS. Application of different chemometric assisted models for spectrophotometric quantitative analysis of velpatasvir and sofosbuvir. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 252:119540. [PMID: 33588366 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Four chemometric assisted spectrophotometric models were developed for the quantitative analysis of velpatasvir and sofosbuvir, in their newly FDA approved pharmaceutical dosage form. Due to the existed overlap of the scanned absorption spectra between velpatasvir and sofosbuvir, this resulted in degree of difficulty of the possibility of the conventional spectrophotometric methods to quantify and analyze the cited drugs simultaneously. Classical least squares, principal component regression, partial least squares and genetic algorithm partial least squares were designed and compared for the quantitative analysis of velpatasvir and sofosbuvir in their binary mixture. Experimental design for different concentrations of the studied drugs was done based on the spectral sensitivity of velpatasvir and sofosbuvir and the confirmed ratio of the two drugs in the commercial pharmaceutical dosage form. Optimization of the described models was adopted with the aid of five-levels, two factors experimental design. Successfully quantitative assay of the drugs in Epclusa® tablets was done by the proposed models. Statistically comparative analysis for the obtained models results with another published capillary electrophoresis quantitative analytical method was performed. It is noteworthy mentioning that there was no significant difference between the proposed models and the published method with respect to the accepted statistical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H Abdelazim
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Shahin
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Beheira, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Abu-Khadra
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Engineering, Sinai University, Al-Arish, Egypt
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11
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Attia KAM, El-Abasawi NM, El-Olemy A, Abdelazim AH, Goda AI, Shahin M, Zeid AM. Simultaneous spectrophotometric quantitative analysis of velpatasvir and sofosbuvir in recently approved FDA pharmaceutical preparation using artificial neural networks and genetic algorithm artificial neural networks. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 251:119465. [PMID: 33503564 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two chemometric assisted spectrophotometric models were applied for the quantitative analysis of velpatasvir and sofosbuvir in their newly FDA approved pharmaceutical dosage form. The UV absorption spectra of velpatasvir and sofosbuvir showed certain degree of overlap which exhibited degree of difficulty for the choice of certain method provides simultaneous quantitative analysis of the cited drugs. Artificial neural networks and genetic algorithm artificial neural networks were the suitable model for the quantitative analysis of velpatasvir and sofosbuvir in their binary mixture. Experimental design and building the calibration set for the binary mixture were achieved to implement the described models. The proposed models were optimized with the aid of five-levels, two factors experimental design. Spectral region of 380-400 nm was rejected which resulted in 181 variables. GA reduced absorbance matrix to 72 and 36 variables for velpatasvir and sofosbuvir respectively. The models succeeded to estimate the studied drugs with acceptable values of root mean square error of calibration and root mean square error of prediction. The developed models were successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of the two drugs in Epclusa® tablets. The results were statistically compared with another published quantitative analytical method with no significant difference by applying Student t-test and variance ratio F-test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid A M Attia
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nasr M El-Abasawi
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Olemy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Abdelazim
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abdelrahman I Goda
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Shahin
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Beheira, Egypt
| | - Abdallah M Zeid
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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12
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Liu CH, Chen PY, Chen JJ, Lo CC, Su WW, Tseng KC, Liu CJ, Huang CS, Huang KJ, Yang SS, Peng CY, Tsai MC, Kao WY, Chang CY, Shih YL, Fang YJ, Chen CY, Lee PL, Huang JJ, Su PY, Tseng CW, Hung CC, Chang CH, Huang YJ, Lai HC, Chang CC, Lee FJ, Hsieh TY, Kao JH. Sofosbuvir/ velpatasvir for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection and compensated liver disease: real-world data in Taiwan. Hepatol Int 2021; 15:338-349. [PMID: 33677787 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-021-10158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data regarding the real-world effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) for East Asian patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and compensated liver disease are limited. We evaluated the performance of SOF/VEL for 12 weeks for HCV-infected patients with compensated liver disease in a large real-world cohort in Taiwan. METHODS Between July 2019 and March 2020, 1880 HCV-infected patients with compensated liver disease who received SOF/VEL 400/100 mg once daily for 12 weeks were included at 15 academic centers in Taiwan. The sustained virologic response at off-treatment week 12 (SVR12) was assessed for evaluable (EP) and per-protocol populations (PP). The tolerance was also reported. RESULTS The SVR12 rates by EP and PP analyses were 95.6% [1798 of 1880 patients; 95% confidence interval (CI) 94.6-96.5%] and 99.3% (1798 of 1811 patients; 95% CI 98.8-99.6%), respectively. Among 82 patients who failed to achieve SVR12, 13 (15.9%) were attributed to virologic failures. The SVR12 rates were comparable regardless of baseline characteristics. A total of 1859 (98.9%) patients completed 12-week SOF/VEL treatment. Four (0.2%) patients discontinued treatment due to adverse events (AEs). All patients with serious AEs or deaths were judged not related to SOF/VEL. The AEs occurring in ≥ 10% included headache (16.8%), fatigue (16.2%), nausea (11.8%), and insomnia (11.1%). Nine (0.5%) and 2 (0.1%) patients had grade 3 total bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase elevations. CONCLUSIONS SOF/VEL for 12 weeks is efficacious and well-tolerated by chronic HCV-infected patients with compensated liver disease in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hua Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yueh Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Jou Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chu Lo
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Daya, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Su
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chih Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzuchi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Sheng Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yang Ming Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Jhang Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Shun Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yuan Peng
- Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Tsai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Kao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yang Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lueng Shih
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Fang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yi Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lun Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jow-Jyh Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Martin De Porres Hospital, Daya, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yuan Su
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wei Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzuchi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ching Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsin Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jie Huang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Chou Lai
- Center for Digestive Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chao Chang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Jen Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Yuan Hsieh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Horng Kao
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, 10002, Taiwan.
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13
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Mangia A, Cenderello G, Verucchi G, Ciancio A, Fontana A, Piazzolla V, Minerva N, Squillante MM, Copetti M. Is positivity for hepatitis C virus antibody predictive of lower risk of death in COVID-19 patients with cirrhosis? World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:5831-5834. [PMID: 33344581 PMCID: PMC7716316 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i22.5831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver injury has been reported in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases but the impact of pre-existing liver damage and related etiology have not been completely elucidated. Our research interests include the potential reciprocal influence of COVID-19 and pre-existing liver damage related to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, in particular. To this end, we have evaluated three cohorts of patients admitted at three Italian hospitals during the coronavirus pandemic; these included 332 patients with COVID-19 and 1527 patients with HCV who were from established real-world antiviral treatment study cohorts (sofosbuvir/velpatasvir), with either liver disease (various severities; n = 1319) or cirrhosis (n = 208). Among the COVID-19 patients, 10 had cirrhosis (3%), including 7 of metabolic origin and 3 of viral origin. Mortality among the COVID-19 patients was 27.1%, with 70% of those with cirrhosis of metabolic etiology having died. Cirrhosis, older age, low white blood cell count and lymphocyte count being identified as risk predictors of death [odds ratio (OR) = 13.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.59-83.01, P = 0.006; OR = 1.05, 95%CI: 1.03-1.08, P = 0.0001; OR = 1.09, 95%CI: 1.36-1.16, P = 0.001; OR = 0.61, 95%CI: 0.39-0.93, P = 0.023, respectively]. In the two cohorts of HCV patients, COVID-19 diagnosis was made in 0.07% of those with liver disease and 1% of those with cirrhosis. Thus, the prevalence of HCV antibodies among COVID-19-infected patients was comparable to that currently reported for the general population in Italy. Amongst the COVID-19 patients, pre-existing metabolic cirrhosis appears to be associated with higher mortality, while HCV antibodies may be suggestive of “protection” against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Mangia
- Liver Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo 71013, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Verucchi
- Department of Infectious Disease, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Alessia Ciancio
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Turin, Torino 10156, Italy
| | - Andrea Fontana
- Department of Biostatistics, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo 71013, Italy
| | - Valeria Piazzolla
- Liver Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo 71013, Italy
| | - Nicola Minerva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale Bonomo, Andria 76123, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Squillante
- Liver Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo 71013, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Copetti
- Department of Biostatistics, Fondazione IRCCS “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo 71013, Italy
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14
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Jaiswal SR, Bhakuni P, Soni M, Gupta M, Thatai A, Chakrabarti S. Safety and efficacy of Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir in children with active hepatitis C virus infection undergoing haploidentical transplantation. Transpl Infect Dis 2020; 23:e13490. [DOI: 10.1111/tid.13490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Rani Jaiswal
- Cellular Therapy and Immunology Manashi Chakrabarti Foundation Kolkata India
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation & Hematology Dharamshila Narayana Super‐Speciality Hospital and Research Centre New Delhi India
| | - Prakash Bhakuni
- Cellular Therapy and Immunology Manashi Chakrabarti Foundation Kolkata India
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation & Hematology Dharamshila Narayana Super‐Speciality Hospital and Research Centre New Delhi India
| | - Mayank Soni
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation & Hematology Dharamshila Narayana Super‐Speciality Hospital and Research Centre New Delhi India
| | - Mahesh Gupta
- Department of Gastroenterology Dharamshila Narayana Super‐Speciality Hospital New Delhi India
| | - Atul Thatai
- Molecular Diagnostics and R&D Dr LalPathLabs Ltd New Delhi India
| | - Suparno Chakrabarti
- Cellular Therapy and Immunology Manashi Chakrabarti Foundation Kolkata India
- Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation & Hematology Dharamshila Narayana Super‐Speciality Hospital and Research Centre New Delhi India
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15
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Takaki S, Imamura M, Yamaguchi S, Fukuhara T, Mori N, Tsuji K, Ohya K, Hayes CN, Aikata H, Chayama K. Real-word efficacy of sofosbuvir, velpatasvir plus ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis patients who failed to prior DAA therapy with NS5A-P32 deletion mutated HCV infection. Clin J Gastroenterol 2020; 13:1233-1238. [PMID: 32656649 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-020-01182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5A-P32 deletion (P32del) confers potent resistance to NS5A inhibitors. Chronic hepatitis C patients in whom NS5A-P32del variants had emerged during prior direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy with an NS5A inhibitor show poor response to DAA retreatment. Here, we report three patients with HCV NS5A-P32del infection who were treated with sofosbuvir, velpatasvir plus ribavirin (SOF/VEL + RBV) in a real-world setting. The patients developed HCV NS5A-P32del, L31F + P32del, or L31V + P32del variants following failure of daclatasvir plus asunaprevir (DCV/ASV) therapy. One of the patients failed to respond to subsequent DCV/ASV and beclabuvir therapy, and the remaining two patients failed to respond to subsequent glecaprevir and pibrentasvir therapy. All three patients completed 24-week SOF/VEL + RBV therapy. Serum HCV RNA became negative at the end of the therapy in all three patients. Two patients with NS5A-P32del and NS5A-L31F + P32del achieved sustained virological response 12 weeks after completion of treatment (SVR12), but HCV relapsed in the remaining NS5A-L13V + P32del patient. Direct sequence analysis detected no additional variants within either the NS5A or NS5B regions at the time of relapse. In conclusion, three patients with prior NS5A-P32del-associated DAA treatment failure received 24 weeks of SOF/VEL + RBV therapy, and two of the patients achieved SVR12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology/Liver Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michio Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan. .,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
| | - Shuji Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kure Kyosai Hospital, Kure, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fukuhara
- Department of Gastroenterology/Liver Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nami Mori
- Department of Gastroenterology/Liver Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Keiji Tsuji
- Department of Gastroenterology/Liver Center, Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital and Atomic-Bomb Survivors Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuki Ohya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Clair Nelson Hayes
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Chayama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Research Center for Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.,Center for Medical Specialist Graduate Education and Research, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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16
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Barber MJ, Gotham D, Khwairakpam G, Hill A. Price of a hepatitis C cure: Cost of production and current prices for direct-acting antivirals in 50 countries. J Virus Erad 2020; 6:100001. [PMID: 33251019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jve.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Seven years after the introduction of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for the treatment of hepatitis C, high prices remain a barrier for treatment programs worldwide. This study seeks to describe current prices for originator DAAs in 50 countries and evaluate the relationship between prices and GDP per capita. Methods Data on prices of sofosbuvir, daclatasvir, sofosbuvir/ledipasvir, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir, and glecaprevir/pibrentasvir were collected from national databases for 50 countries. Cost-based generic prices were estimated using an established algorithm, which accounts for costs of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API), excipients, conversion costs of API to finished pharmaceutical product, taxes assuming manufacture in India, and a 10% profit margin. Correlation between current market prices and GDP per capita was assessed by Spearman rank-order correlation. Results Median originator prices per standard course were US$40,502 for sofosbuvir, US$26,928 for daclatasvir, US$46,812 for sofosbuvir/ledipasvir, US$34,381 for sofosbuvir/velpatasvir, and US$30,710 for glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (G/P). The estimated cost-based generic prices for a 12-week course were US$28 for sofosbuvir, US$31 for ledipasvir, US$58 for velpatasvir, US$4 for daclatasvir. For fixed-dose combinations, estimated cost-based prices were US$58 for sofosbuvir/ledipasvir, US$85 for sofosbuvir/velpatasvir, and US$31 for sofosbuvir/daclatasvir (API cost data were insufficient to calculate an estimate for G/P). Cumulative originator sales of WHO-recommended DAAs reached US$82 billion by the end of 2019. Across the 50 countries, there was no correlation between GDP per capita and DAA price, nor between estimated viraemic population and DAA price. Sub-analyses within World Bank income groups found a significant negative correlation between price and GDP per capita for all DAAs within the high-income countries group. Conclusions Prices of DAAs vary widely across countries. The lack of correlation between DAA price and GDP per capita and viraemic population suggests that prices for DAAs are not adjusted based on country income level or potential patient population. Among high-income countries, DAA prices fall as income levels rise, possibly due to greater negotiating power of wealthier countries. DAA prices in most countries remain many times higher than estimated cost-based generic prices.
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17
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Liu CH, Su TH, Liu CJ, Chen PJ, Chen DS, Kao JH. Sofosbuvir/ velpatasvir/voxilaprevir plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C patients with direct acting antiviral failures: Implications for viral elimination in Taiwan. J Formos Med Assoc 2020; 119:1871-5. [PMID: 32553687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the excellent antiviral effects of direct acting antivirals (DAAs) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with subsequent decrease of morbidity and mortality, a small proportion (5%) of the treated patients do not respond to first-line DAAs and have persistent viremia. Rescue therapy for patients with DAA failures is thus mandatory from both clinical and public health perspectives. Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir (SOF/VEL/VOX), a fixed-dose pangenotypic rescue agent, has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medical Agency (EMA) for retreating HCV patients who fail prior DAA therapies. However, this agent has not been licensed by health authorities of Taiwan. Herein we reported two cases who successfully cleared HCV by using SOF/VEL/VOX plus ribavirin (RBV) after virologic failures to first-line pangenotypic SOF/VEL. Furthermore, we discussed the current unmet medical needs and clinical implications of SOF/VEL/VOX on the perspectives of HCV elimination in Taiwan.
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18
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van Seyen M, Samson AD, Cullen L, Eastick K, Knol H, Colbers A, Burger DM. Crushed application of sofosbuvir and velpatasvir in a patient with swallowing disorder. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020; 55:105934. [PMID: 32156618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Minou van Seyen
- Dept of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Anda D Samson
- Dept of Infection, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS trust, United Kingdom
| | - Lorraine Cullen
- Dept of Pharmacy, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS trust, United Kingdom
| | - Kirstine Eastick
- Dept of Infection, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS trust, United Kingdom
| | - Hanna Knol
- Dept of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Angela Colbers
- Dept of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - David M Burger
- Dept of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Charatcharoenwitthaya P, Wongpaitoon V, Komolmit P, Sukeepaisarnjaroen W, Tangkijvanich P, Piratvisuth T, Sanpajit T, Sutthivana C, Bunchorntavakul C, Sobhonslidsuk A, Chonprasertsuk S, Siripipattanamongkol C, Sethasine S, Tanwandee T. Real-world effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir and nonstructural protein 5A inhibitors for chronic hepatitis C genotype 1, 2, 3, 4, or 6: a multicentre cohort study. BMC Gastroenterol 2020; 20:47. [PMID: 32138687 PMCID: PMC7057522 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-020-01196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated real-world effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir and the nonstructural protein 5A inhibitors in the treatment of patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, or 6. Methods We analyzed data from 1021 patients with HCV infection (506 with genotype 1; 16 with genotype 2; 314 with genotype 3; 13 with genotype 4; 166 with genotype 6) who received 12 to 24 weeks of daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir (n = 767), ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (n = 197), or sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (n = 57), with or without ribavirin in 12 centers across Thailand to estimate sustained virologic response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12). Results Overall, SVR12 rate was 98.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 96.7–98.8%) with daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir, 97.9% (95% CI, 94.8–99.2%) with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir, and 96.5% (95% CI, 88.1–99.0%) with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir. SVR12 was achieved by 99.2% (95% CI, 97.9–99.7%) of subjects with genotype 1 infection, 100% (95% CI, 78.5–100%) of those with genotype 2 infection, 96.7% (95% CI, 94.0–98.2%) of those with genotype 3 infection, 90.9% (95% CI, 62.3–98.4%) of those with genotype 4 infection, and 96.7% (95% CI 92.5–98.6%) of those with genotype 6 infection. Patients with advanced liver disease were at risk of treatment failure. Only four patients discontinued treatment before week 4 due to non-hepatic adverse events. Conclusions In this large cohort of patients with various HCV genotypes managed in the real-world practice setting, daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir, ledipasvir/sofosbuvir, and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir achieved high SVR rates with good safety profile, comparable to those observed in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Piyawat Komolmit
- Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tawesak Tanwandee
- Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Rageh AH, Abdel-Aal FAM, Pyell U. Optimization of a sensitive and robust strategy for micellar electrokinetic chromatographic analysis of sofosbuvir in combination with its co-formulated hepatitis C antiviral drugs. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1616:460795. [PMID: 31918849 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Based on our previous work with "pseudostationary-ion exchanger sweeping", we use this strategy to develop a sensitive, reliable and robust method for the analysis of the newly-FDA approved hepatitis C antiviral drugs namely; sofosbuvir (SOV), daclatasvir (DAC), ledipasvir (LED) and velpatasvir (VEP) in their pure forms and co-formulated pharmaceutical dosage forms using micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) as a separation method. For the first time, a successful separation of all the investigated compounds was achieved in less than 8 min using a basic background electrolyte (BGE) composed of 25 mmol L-1 SDS + 20% (v/v) ACN (acetonitrile) in 10 mmol L-1 disodium tetraborate buffer (final apparent pH is 9.90). A special focus was given to optimize the composition of the sample matrix to maintain the solubility of the analytes within the sample zone while gaining additional benefits regarding analyte zone focusing. It was found that replacing phosphoric acid (as a sample matrix) with a zwitterionic/isoelectric buffering compound (L-glutamic acid) has a substantial positive impact on the obtained enrichment efficiency. The interplay of other enrichment principles such as the retention factor gradient effect (RFGE) is also discussed. A full validation study is performed based on the pharmacopeial and ICH guidelines. The obtained limits of detection and quantitation are as low as 0.63 and 1.3 μg mL-1; respectively for SOV and DAC and 1.3 and 2.5 μg mL-1; respectively for LED and VEP using UV-DAD as a detection method. The selectivity of the developed method for determination of the studied compounds in their pharmaceutical dosage forms or in the presence of ribavirin (RIB) or elbasvir (ELB), which are other prescribed medications in the treatment regimen of patients with hepatitis C virus infection, is demonstrated. It is shown that with acidic sample matrix and basic BGE, an efficient and precise approach was designed in which analyte adsorption on the capillary wall was minimized while keeping repeatable peak height, peak area and migration time together with the highest possible enrichment efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza H Rageh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt; Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Fatma A M Abdel-Aal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ute Pyell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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Moustapha ME, El-Gamal RM, Belal FF. Two novel UPLC methods utilizing two different analytical columns and different detection approaches for the simultaneous analysis of velpatasvir and sofosbuvir: application to their co-formulated tablet. BMC Chem 2019; 13:118. [PMID: 31583391 PMCID: PMC6771117 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0635-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study two different RSLC columns, Acclaim RSLC 120 C18, 5.0 µm, 4.6 × 150 mm (column A) and Acclaim RSLC 120 C18, 2.2 µm, 2.1 × 100 mm (Column B) were utilized for the analysis of velpatasvir (VPS) in presence of sofosbuvir (SFV), where due to the encountered fluorescent properties of VPS fluorescent detection at 405 nm after excitation at 340 nm (Method 1) was used for its detection where the non-fluorescent SFV did not interfere. The same columns were further utilized for the simultaneous determination of SFV and VPS either in bulk form or in their combined tablet, where UV- spectrophotometric detection at 260 nm was selected for the simultaneous analysis of both drugs (Method 2). A mobile phase consisting of NaH2PO4, pH 2.5 (with phosphoric acid) and acetonitrile in a ratio of 60:40 v/v was used for both methods. The mobile phase was pumped at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min when using column, A and 0.5 mL/min when using column B. The methods showed good linearity over the concentration ranges of 1.0-5.0 and 2.5-10.0 ng/mL for VPS when utilizing Method 1 A and B respectively. Where the linearity concentration range was from 30.0-150.0 to 120-600.0 ng/mL for VPS and SFV respectively when applying Method 2. Both methods 1 and 2 were performed by utilizing the two analytical columns. The different chromatographic parameters as retention time, resolution, number of theoretical plates (N), capacity factor, tailing factor and selectivity were carefully optimized. The results show that comparing the performance of the two utilized columns revealed that shorter column (2.1 mm × 100 mm) with small particle packing was superior to the longer column (4.6 × 150 mm) for the analysis of the studied drugs allowing a reduction of the analysis time by 70% without any detrimental effect on performance. This prompts the decrease of the investigation costs by saving money on organic solvents and expanding the overall number of analyses per day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustapha Eid Moustapha
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin-Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania Mohamed El-Gamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
- Present Address: College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin-Abdul Aziz University, King Abdullah Road, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fathalla Fathalla Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
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Llaneras J, Riveiro-Barciela M, Lens S, Diago M, Cachero A, García-Samaniego J, Conde I, Arencibia A, Arenas J, Gea F, Torras X, Luis Calleja J, Antonio Carrión J, Fernández I, María Morillas R, Rosales JM, Carmona I, Fernández-Rodríguez C, Hernández-Guerra M, Llerena S, Bernal V, Turnes J, González-Santiago JM, Montoliu S, Figueruela B, Badia E, Delgado M, Fernández-Bermejo M, Iñarrairaegui M, Pascasio JM, Esteban R, Mariño Z, Buti M. Effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir/ velpatasvir/voxilaprevir in patients with chronic hepatitis C previously treated with DAAs. J Hepatol 2019; 71:666-672. [PMID: 31203153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Around 5% of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection treated with direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents do not achieve sustained virological response (SVR). The currently approved retreatment regimen for prior DAA failure is a combination of sofosbuvir, velpatasvir, and voxilaprevir (SOF/VEL/VOX), although there is little data on its use in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to analyse the effectiveness and safety of SOF/VEL/VOX in the real-world setting. METHODS This was a prospective multicentre study assessing the efficacy of retreatment with SOF/VEL/VOX in patients who had experienced a prior DAA treatment failure. The primary endpoint was SVR 12 weeks after the completion of treatment (SVR12). Data on safety and tolerability were also recorded. RESULTS A total of 137 patients were included: 75% men, 35% with liver cirrhosis. Most were infected with HCV genotype (GT) 1 or 3. The most common prior DAA combinations were sofosbuvir plus an NS5A inhibitor or ombitasvir/paritaprevir/r+dasabuvir. A total of 136 (99%) patients achieved undetectable HCV RNA at the end of treatment. Overall SVR12 was 95% in the 135 patients reaching this point. SVR12 was lower in patients with cirrhosis (89%, p = 0.05) and those with GT3 infection (80%, p <0.001). Patients with GT3 infection and cirrhosis had the lowest SVR12 rate (69%). Of the patients who did not achieve SVR12, 1 was reinfected and 7 experienced treatment failure (6 GT3, 1 GT1a). The presence of resistance-associated substitutions did not impact SVR12. Adverse effects were mild and non-specific. CONCLUSION Real-world data show that SOF/VEL/VOX is an effective, safe rescue therapy for patients with prior DAA treatment failure despite the presence of resistance-associated substitutions. However, patients with liver cirrhosis infected by GT3 remain the most-difficult-to-treat group. LAY SUMMARY Treatment with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir (SOF/VEL/VOX) for 12 weeks is the current recommendation for the 5% of patients infected with HCV who do not achieve eradication of the virus under treatment with direct-acting antivirals. In a Spanish cohort of 137 patients who failed a previous combination of direct-acting antivirals, a cure rate of 95% was achieved with SOF/VEL/VOX. Genotypic characteristics of the virus (genotype 3) and the presence of cirrhosis were factors that decreased the rate of cure. Treatment with SOF/VEL/VOX is an effective and safe rescue therapy due to its high efficacy and very good safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Llaneras
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Medicine of the UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Spain
| | - Mar Riveiro-Barciela
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Medicine of the UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain
| | - Sabela Lens
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain; Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Moisés Diago
- Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alba Cachero
- Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Javier García-Samaniego
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain; Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Conde
- Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Arencibia
- Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de La Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Juan Arenas
- Hospital Universitario Donostia, Donostia, Spain
| | | | - Xavier Torras
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain; Hospital Universitari de Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - José Antonio Carrión
- Liver Section, Gastroenterology Department, Hospital del Mar, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Rosa María Morillas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain; Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Susana Llerena
- Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Juan Turnes
- Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Ester Badia
- Hospital Universitario de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | | | | | - Mercedes Iñarrairaegui
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain; Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarra, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Pascasio
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain; Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | - Rafael Esteban
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Medicine of the UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain
| | - Zoe Mariño
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain; Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universidad de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Buti
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Department of Medicine of the UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Spain.
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Link JO, Taylor JG, Trejo-Martin A, Kato D, Katana AA, Krygowski ES, Yang ZY, Zipfel S, Cottell JJ, Bacon EM, Tran CV, Yang CY, Wang Y, Wang KW, Zhao G, Cheng G, Tian Y, Gong R, Lee YJ, Yu M, Gorman E, Mogalian E, Perry JK. Discovery of velpatasvir (GS-5816): A potent pan-genotypic HCV NS5A inhibitor in the single-tablet regimens Vosevi ® and Epclusa ®. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:2415-27. [PMID: 31230974 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Direct-acting antiviral inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients. Herein is described the discovery of velpatasvir (VEL, GS-5816), a potent pan-genotypic HCV NS5A inhibitor that is a component of the only approved pan-genotypic single-tablet regimens (STRs) for the cure of HCV infection. VEL combined with sofosbuvir (SOF) is Epclusa®, an STR with 98% cure-rates for genotype 1-6 HCV infected patients. Addition of the pan-genotypic HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitor voxilaprevir to SOF/VEL is the STR Vosevi®, which affords 97% cure-rates for genotype 1-6 HCV patients who have previously failed another treatment regimen.
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Maughan A, Sadigh K, Angulo-Diaz V, Mandimika C, Villanueva M, Lim JK, Ogbuagu O. Contemporary HCV pangenotypic DAA treatment protocols are exclusionary to real world HIV-HCV co-infected patients. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:378. [PMID: 31053098 PMCID: PMC6500032 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3974-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Treatments for Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have vastly improved over the past few decades with current regimens now offering pangenotypic activity with excellent cure rates reported in clinical trials, including in the HIV-HCV coinfected population. However, there is some concern that stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria in the trials may lead to results that are not achievable in real-world populations. Methods Our study evaluated a real-world HIV-HCV coinfected population and compared them to the eligibility criteria for trials of two of the most recent approved HCV agents; sofosbuvir/velpatasvir and glecaprevir/pibrentasvir. Results Our study included 219 HIV-HCV coinfected patients and found that 89% met exclusion criteria for the sofosbuvir/velpatasvir trial and 90% met exclusion criteria for the glecaprevir/pibrentasvir trial. The majority of patients met more than one exclusion criteria with the most frequent criteria for exclusion being a non-approved ART regimen (58 and 47% respectively), having a psychiatric disorder (52%), active alcohol or injection drug use (27%), having an HIV viral load > 50 copies/ml (15%), a CrCl < 60 ml/min (13%) and a history of decompensated cirrhosis (13%). Conclusion Although the newer Hepatitis C treatments are very effective, the real world HIV-HCV coinfected population often have comorbidities and other characteristics that make them ineligible for clinical trials, such that they are barriers to treatment. These barriers need to be recognized and addressed in order to optimize treatment outcomes in the HIV patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maughan
- Yale AIDS Program, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, 135 College Street, Suite 323, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - K Sadigh
- Department of Medicine, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - V Angulo-Diaz
- Department of Medicine, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - C Mandimika
- Yale AIDS Program, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, 135 College Street, Suite 323, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - M Villanueva
- Yale AIDS Program, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, 135 College Street, Suite 323, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - J K Lim
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - O Ogbuagu
- Yale AIDS Program, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, 135 College Street, Suite 323, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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Takehara T, Sakamoto N, Nishiguchi S, Ikeda F, Tatsumi T, Ueno Y, Yatsuhashi H, Takikawa Y, Kanda T, Sakamoto M, Tamori A, Mita E, Chayama K, Zhang G, De-Oertel S, Dvory-Sobol H, Matsuda T, Stamm LM, Brainard DM, Tanaka Y, Kurosaki M. Efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir- velpatasvir with or without ribavirin in HCV-infected Japanese patients with decompensated cirrhosis: an open-label phase 3 trial. J Gastroenterol 2019; 54:87-95. [PMID: 30203225 PMCID: PMC6314981 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-018-1503-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Japan, hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients with decompensated cirrhosis currently have no treatment options. In this Phase 3 study, we evaluated sofosbuvir-velpatasvir with or without ribavirin for 12 weeks in patients with any HCV genotype and decompensated cirrhosis [Child-Pugh-Turcotte (CPT) class B or C] in Japan. METHODS Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive sofosbuvir-velpatasvir with or without ribavirin for 12 weeks. Randomization was stratified by CPT class and genotype. Sustained virologic response 12 weeks following completion of treatment (SVR12) was the primary efficacy endpoint. RESULTS Of the 102 patients enrolled, 57% were treatment naive, 78% and 20% had genotype 1 and 2 HCV infection, respectively, and 77% and 20% had CPT class B and C cirrhosis, respectively, at baseline. Overall, 61% of patients were female and the mean age was 66 years (range 41-83). SVR12 rates were 92% (47/51) in each group. Among patients who achieved SVR12, 26% had improved CPT class from baseline to posttreatment week 12. Most adverse events (AEs) were consistent with clinical sequelae of advanced liver disease or known toxicities of ribavirin. Four patients (8%) who received sofosbuvir-velpatasvir and seven (14%) who received sofosbuvir-velpatasvir plus ribavirin experienced a serious AE. The 3 deaths (bacterial sepsis, gastric varices hemorrhage, hepatocellular carcinoma) were attributed to liver disease progression. CONCLUSION Sofosbuvir-velpatasvir for 12 weeks provides a highly effective and well-tolerated therapy for Japanese patients with HCV and decompensated cirrhosis. Ribavirin did not improve efficacy but increased toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Takehara
- Osaka University, 2-15 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Eiji Mita
- National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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Belperio PS, Shahoumian TA, Loomis TP, Mole LA, Backus LI. Real-world effectiveness of daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir and velpatasvir/sofosbuvir in hepatitis C genotype 2 and 3. J Hepatol 2019; 70:15-23. [PMID: 30266283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIM Understanding the real-world effectiveness of all-oral hepatitis C virus (HCV) regimens informs treatment decisions. We evaluated the effectiveness of daclatasvir + sofosbuvir ± ribavirin (DCV + SOF ± RBV) and velpatasvir/sofosbuvir (VEL/SOF) ± RBV in patients with genotype 2 and genotype 3 infection treated in routine practice. METHODS This observational analysis was carried out in an intent-to-treat cohort of patients with HCV genotype 2 and genotype 3. Sustained virologic response (SVR) analysis was performed in 5,400 patients initiated on DCV + SOF ± RBV or VEL/SOF ± RBV at any Department of Veterans Affairs facility. RESULTS For genotype 2, SVR rates did not differ between DCV + SOF (94.5%) and VEL/SOF (94.4%) or between DCV + SOF + RBV (88.1%) and VEL/SOF + RBV (89.5%). For genotype 3, SVR rates did not differ between DCV + SOF (90.8%) and VEL/SOF (92.0%) or between DCV + SOF + RBV (88.1%) and VEL/SOF + RBV (86.4%). In multivariate models of patients with genotype 2 and 3 infection, the treatment regimen was not a significant predictor of the odds of SVR. For genotype 3, significant predictors of reduced odds of SVR were prior HCV treatment-experience (odds ratio [OR] 0.51, 95% CI 0.36-0.72; p <0.001), FIB-4 >3.25 (OR 0.60; 95%CI 0.43-0.84; p = 0.002) and a history of decompensated liver disease (OR 0.68; 95%CI 0.47-0.98; p = 0.04). For patients with genotype 2 and 3, treated with VEL/SOF ± RBV, 89% and 85% received 12-weeks of treatment, respectively. For DCV + SOF ± RBV, 56% and 20% of patients with HCV genotype 2 received 12-weeks and 24-weeks of treatment, respectively; while 53% and 23% of patients with HCV genotype 3 received 12-weeks and 24-weeks, with most direct-acting antiviral experienced patients receiving 24-weeks. CONCLUSIONS In patients infected with HCV genotype 2 and 3, DCV + SOF ± RBV and VEL/SOF ± RBV produced similar SVR rates within each genotype, and the regimen did not have a significant impact on the odds of SVR. For patients with genotype 3, prior treatment-experience and advanced liver disease were significant predictors of reduced odds of SVR regardless of regimen. LAY SUMMARY In clinical practice, cure rates for hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 2 were 94% and cure rates for HCV genotype 3 were 90%. The chance of achieving cure was the same whether a person received daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir or velpatasvir/sofosbuvir. Ribavirin did not affect cure rates. The chance of a cure was lowest in people who had received HCV medication in the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela S Belperio
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Population Health Services, Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Troy A Shahoumian
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Population Health Services, Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Timothy P Loomis
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Population Health Services, Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Larry A Mole
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Population Health Services, Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Lisa I Backus
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Population Health Services, Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
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Bourlière M, Pietri O. Hepatitis C virus therapy: No one will be left behind. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2018; 53:755-760. [PMID: 30605721 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The advent of oral direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) has dramatically improved the hepatitis C treatment landscape in the last 4 years, providing cure rates over 95% with shorter duration of treatment and a very good safety profile. This gave access to treatment to almost all Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients. The launch of two pangenotypic fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) in 2017 was a step forward in hepatitis C treatment, by slightly increasing efficacy and more importantly allowing the treatment of patients without HCV genotyping, and in some cases without fibrosis assessment. New triple regimens have solved the issue of retreatment of the few patients who present failure to DAAs therapy. In the present review we describe the current HCV landscape that allows almost all HCV-infected patients to be cured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Bourlière
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Saint Joseph, 26 Bd de Louvain, 13008 Marseilles, France.
| | - Olivia Pietri
- Hepato-Gastroenterology Department, Hospital Saint Joseph, 26 Bd de Louvain, 13008 Marseilles, France
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Vermehren J, Park JS, Jacobson IM, Zeuzem S. Challenges and perspectives of direct antivirals for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection. J Hepatol 2018; 69:1178-87. [PMID: 30006068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection has been revolutionised by the development of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). All-oral, once-daily, 8- to 12-week treatment regimens are now standard of care, with viral eradication possible in >95% of patients across different populations. Despite these advances, several unresolved issues remain, including treatment of patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 3, chronic kidney disease, and those in whom DAA therapy has previously failed. Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir are the most recently approved DAA regimens. Given the overwhelming success of modern DAA-based therapies, glecaprevir/pibrentasvir and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir are also likely to represent the last DAAs to be approved. Both are pangenotypic, once-daily, all-oral DAA combinations that have the potential to close the gaps in the current DAA treatment portfolio. Herein, we review the challenges associated with current DAAs and how these two regimens may be implemented in existing treatment algorithms.
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Agarwal K, Castells L, Müllhaupt B, Rosenberg WMC, McNabb B, Arterburn S, Camus G, McNally J, Stamm LM, Brainard DM, Mani Subramanian G, Mariño Z, Dufour JF, Forns X. Sofosbuvir/ velpatasvir for 12 weeks in genotype 1-4 HCV-infected liver transplant recipients. J Hepatol 2018; 69:603-607. [PMID: 29886154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Sofosbuvir, an NS5B inhibitor, combined with velpatasvir, an NS5A inhibitor (SOF/VEL), produces high sustained virologic response rates 12 weeks after treatment (SVR12) in patients with genotype 1-6 HCV infection, and has no anticipated clinically relevant drug-drug interactions with immunosuppressants. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of SOF/VEL in adults with recurrent chronic genotype 1-4 HCV infection after liver transplant. METHODS Patients received SOF/VEL 400/100 mg daily for 12 weeks. Patients could be treatment experienced or treatment naïve with no cirrhosis or with compensated cirrhosis. The primary endpoints were SVR12 and discontinuations due to adverse events. RESULTS A total of 79 patients were enrolled and treated in this study (37 [47%] had genotype 1, 3 [4%] genotype 2, 35 [44%] genotype 3, and 4 [5%] genotype 4 HCV). Of these, 81% were male, 82% were white, 18% had compensated cirrhosis, and 59% were treatment experienced. The most commonly used immunosuppressants were tacrolimus (71%), mycophenolic acid (24%), cyclosporine (14%), and azathioprine (11%). Median (range) time from liver transplantation was 7.5 (0.3, 23.9) years. The SVR12 rate was 96%. By genotype, SVR12 rates were 95% (genotype 1), 100% (genotype 2), 97% (genotype 3), and 100% (genotype 4). Two patients experienced virologic relapse: one with genotype 1a infection was non-cirrhotic and treatment naïve, and one with genotype 3 infection was non-cirrhotic and treatment experienced. One patient discontinued SOF/VEL due to hyperglycemia. No serious or severe adverse events were deemed SOF/VEL-related by the investigator, and no liver transplant rejection episodes or deaths occurred during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with SOF/VEL for 12 weeks was highly effective and well tolerated in genotype 1-4 HCV-infected liver transplant recipients with and without cirrhosis. LAY SUMMARY Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir is a combination of two drugs in one tablet that is approved for the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. When patients with chronic HCV infection receive a liver transplant, the HCV infection usually recurs, and damages the transplanted liver. This study tested the effects of 12 weeks of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir treatment in patients who had HCV recurrence after a liver transplant. Three months following the end of treatment, 96% of patients were cured of HCV infection. Clinical trial number: NCT02781571.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosh Agarwal
- Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital NHS Trust Foundation, London, UK
| | - Lluís Castells
- Liver Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, CIBEREHD, Univerisitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beat Müllhaupt
- Department for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zoe Mariño
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, CIBEREHD and IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Xavier Forns
- Liver Unit, Hospital Clinic, CIBEREHD and IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Summers BB. Sofosbuvir, velpatasvir and voxilaprevir combination therapy for treating patients with hepatitis C virus infection. Drugs Today (Barc) 2018; 54:255-268. [PMID: 29869647 DOI: 10.1358/dot.2018.54.4.2788017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a significant public health burden worldwide, owing in large part to ineffective and poorly tolerated treatments. The antivirals have evolved over time to become more effective and better tolerated with cure rates increasing from an average of 50% to a complete virologic response. This article summarizes the latest Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved addition to combination treatment for patients with HCV, voxilaprevir plus sofosbuvir/velpatasvir.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B Summers
- Department of Pharmacy, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
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Nehra V, Rizza SA, Temesgen Z. Sofosbuvir/ velpatasvir fixed-dose combination for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Drugs Today (Barc) 2017; 53:177-189. [PMID: 28447075 DOI: 10.1358/dot.2017.53.3.2604176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The fixed-dose combination of sofosbuvir, a nucleotide analogue NS5B polymerase inhibitor, and velpatasvir, a second-generation NS5A inhibitor, has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency for the treatment of adult patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 infection. This combination, administered over 12 weeks as a single-tablet regimen, has resulted in high cure rates in all 6 HCV genotypes and in a variety of patient populations, including patients without cirrhosis, patients with compensated cirrhosis and patients with HIV coinfection. In patients with decompensated cirrhosis, high cure rates were also achieved over 12 weeks with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir plus ribavirin. Patients who had failed prior treatment with an NS5A-containing regimen were able to achieve high cure rates following 24 weeks of treatment with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir plus ribavirin. Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir was well tolerated, the most common adverse events being headache, fatigue and nausea.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Nehra
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - S A Rizza
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Z Temesgen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
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Abstract
Treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) has evolved rapidly from an interferon based regimen of modest efficacy with significant adverse events to a well-tolerated, highly effective all-oral directly acting antiviral (DAA) therapy. Although significant improvement in sustained virologic responses (SVR) has been reported with new DAAs for genotypes 1 and 4, effective treatments for genotype 3 have been lacking, and a single pill that can yield high SVR rates against HCV genotypes 1-6 has not been available until now. Sofosbuvir (a pangenotypic NS5B inhibitor) and velpatasvir (a pangenotypic NS5A inhibitor) were recently approved in a fixed-dose combination pill. The availability of this pangenotypic pill holds promise for providing highly effective treatment with minimal laboratory testing for chronic HCV worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Lee
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Shyam Kottilil
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Eleanor Wilson
- Division of Clinical Care and Research, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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Chahine EB, Sucher AJ, Hemstreet BA. Sofosbuvir/ Velpatasvir: The First Pangenotypic Direct-Acting Antiviral Combination for Hepatitis C. Ann Pharmacother 2016; 51:44-53. [PMID: 27609942 DOI: 10.1177/1060028016668897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To review the pharmacology, efficacy, and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir in the treatment of patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. DATA SOURCES A literature search through PubMed was conducted (June 2008 to August 2016) using the terms GS-5816, velpatasvir, and sofosbuvir. References from retrieved articles and the prescribing information were reviewed for any additional material. STUDY SELECTION/DATA EXTRACTION The literature search was limited to human studies published in English. Phase I, II, and III studies of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir for HCV were identified. DATA SYNTHESIS Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir is indicated for adult patients with chronic HCV genotype 1 through 6. It is given without ribavirin in patients with or without compensated cirrhosis and with ribavirin in patients who have decompensated cirrhosis. The ASTRAL-1 study demonstrated that sofosbuvir 400 mg plus velpatasvir 100 mg for 12 weeks was effective at achieving high sustained virological response (SVR12) rates in patients with HCV genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, or 6. The ASTRAL-2 and ASTRAL-3 studies demonstrated that the same regimen was effective at achieving high SVR12 rates in patients with HCV genotype 2 or 3. The ASTRAL-4 study demonstrated that the same regimen plus ribavirin was effective at achieving high SVR12 rate in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. The most common adverse reactions (≥10% of patients) associated with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir were headache and fatigue. CONCLUSIONS Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir is safe and effective to treat HCV genotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 in patients with or without compensated cirrhosis. The addition of ribavirin is recommended in patients with decompensated cirrhosis.
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Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects 3% of the world population. It represents the main cause of chronic liver disease and is responsible for extra-hepatic complications, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. HCV includes 7 genotypes differing in the nucleotide sequence variability, the geographic distribution, the rates of viral clearance, the risk of progression to liver fibrosis and to hepatocellular carcinoma, and the response to therapy. Last years have seen remarkable advances in the field of HCV infection with the approval of direct antiviral agents (DAAs) targeting key viral proteins involved in the HCV replication. Several oral regimens combining DAAs from different families have been developed and these regimens showed increased and sustained virological response rates to above 90% reducing the treatment duration to 12 wk or less. In particular, sofosbuvir, a nucleotide analogue nonstructural (NS)5B polymerase inhibitor, and velpatasvir, a NS5A inhibitor, have been tested in two phase 3 trials, the ASTRAL-2 (against HCV genotype 2) and the ASTRAL-3 (against HCV genotype 3), demonstrating to be effective, safe, and well tolerated in patients who were 18 years of age or older and had at least a 6-mo history of HCV infection with a compensated liver disease.
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