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Jacks A, Schatz B, Li J, Kim P, Adams K, Harn N, Kraft S. Computed Tomography Measurements in Assessment of Idiopathic Vocal Fold Paralysis. J Voice 2023; 37:289.e15-289.e21. [PMID: 33358294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our study aimed to both identify the incidence and clinical presentation of patients presenting with idiopathic vocal fold paralysis (IVFP). Secondarily we aimed to assess the radiographic findings of computed tomography (CT) studies along the course of the vagus and recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLN), specifically measuring for potential areas of compression at the skull base and mediastinum. We hypothesized that a proportion of patients diagnosed with IVFP would have significant differences in measurements when compared to age-gender matched controls on CT imaging. STUDY DESIGN Institutional review board approved retrospective cohort study METHODS: We assessed patients presenting to a tertiary voice care center between 2003 and 2019 with diagnosis of vocal fold paralysis. Data collected includes demographics, clinical exam findings, and CT measurements including dimensions at bilateral jugular foramen, aortopulmonary (AP) window and surrounding vascular structures. Statistical analysis was then performed using Pearson χ2, and Mann Whitney U tests to determine differences variables of interest. RESULTS A total of 606 patients were reviewed. Of these patients 60 (9.9%) patients were determined to have IVFP. Left-sided VFP was seen more commonly in 78.3% (N = 47) of idiopathic patients. Our IVFP group had an overall higher incidence of cardiovascular disease [OR = 3.378, 95%CI 1.907-5.941, P < 0.001] compared to those with identified causes for paralysis. Specifically, IVFP patients showed a higher incidence of combined cardiovascular co-morbidities (P < 0.001), mitral valve stenosis (P = 0.007), pulmonary hypertension (P < 0.0001) and congestive heart failure (P < 0.001). When evaluating CT imaging, the AP window was mentioned in only 2 (3.3%) of our idiopathic patients CT reports. The IVFP cohort had a lower median AP window volume (P = 0.020) when compared to age-gender matched controls. This significantly smaller AP window volume was also seen when only left sided IVFP compared to both right-sided paralysis (P < 0.001) and age matched control patients (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The significance of cardiovascular comorbidities combined with findings of statistically narrowed AP window may help provide an explanation of a subset of patients diagnosed with IVFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Jacks
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
| | - Benjamin Schatz
- Department of Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Jennifer Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Patrick Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Katherine Adams
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Nick Harn
- Department of Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Shannon Kraft
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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Karadaghy OA, Mussatto CC, Schatz BA, Li J, Norris TW, Nallani R, Shnayder L, Kakarala K, Tsue TT, Girod DA, Li Y, Koestler DC, Villwock MR, Harn N, Bur AM. Rates of bone reabsorption and union in mandibular reconstruction using the osteocutaneous radial forearm free flap. Head Neck 2022; 44:420-430. [PMID: 34816528 DOI: 10.1002/hed.26939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Historical concerns over bone resorption and malunion of the osteocutaneous radial forearm free flap (OCRFFF) limited its widespread adoption for head and neck reconstruction, despite lack of outcomes data evaluating this notion. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was performed including patients 18 years or older who underwent reconstruction of the mandible using an OCRFFF. Linear modeling and logistic regression were used to evaluate the change in bone volume and union over time. RESULTS One hundred and twenty-one patients were included in the study. A mixed effects linear model incorporating age, sex, treatment type, and number of bone segments did not demonstrate a significant loss of bone volume over time. A logistic regression model identified lack of adjuvant treatment and time to be significantly associated with complete union. CONCLUSION This study supports that the OCRFFF is a stable form of osseus reconstruction for defects of the head and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar A Karadaghy
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | | | - Benjamin A Schatz
- Department of Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Jennifer Li
- University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Taylor W Norris
- University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Rohit Nallani
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Lisa Shnayder
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Kiran Kakarala
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Terance T Tsue
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Douglas A Girod
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Yanming Li
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Devin C Koestler
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Mark R Villwock
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Nick Harn
- Department of Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Andrés M Bur
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
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Domino JS, Gattozzi DA, Jack M, Carroll M, Harn N, Beahm DD, Chamoun R. Outcomes of intraoperative ultrasound for endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal pituitary surgery in adenomas with parasellar extension. Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2021.101225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Mattlage AE, Redlin SA, Rosterman LR, Harn N, Sisante JFV, Abraham MG, Billinger SA. Use of a Nonexercise Estimate for Prestroke Peak Vo 2 During the Acute Stroke Hospital Stay. Cardiopulm Phys Ther J 2016; 27:96-103. [PMID: 27478424 PMCID: PMC4963028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE For individuals with acute stroke, it is difficult to conduct an exercise test to assess peak oxygen consumption (peak Vo2). Therefore, the purpose of this study was to use a clinically feasible tool for assessing prestroke peak Vo2 using a nonexercise estimation equation to test whether estimated prestroke peak Vo2 was related to the functional outcome measures at discharge from the hospital in individuals after an acute stroke. We hypothesized that the estimated prestroke peak Vo2 would be significantly related to discharge Physical Performance Test (PPT), 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and lower extremity Fugl-Meyer (LEFM) assessment. METHODS Estimated prestroke peak Vo2 was calculated using a previously validated prediction equation using the following variables: body mass index, age, sex, resting heart rate, and a self-reported measure of physical activity. Outcome measures were assessed 4 days after enrollment or immediately before discharge (whichever occurred first). RESULTS Thirty-four participants (mean age = 56.0, SD = 12.6 years; 20 men) with acute stroke were enrolled within 48 hours of admission. For all individuals, mean estimated prestroke peak Vo2 was 27.3 (SD = 7.4) mL·kg-1·min-1 and had a weak, nonsignificant relationship with the PPT (r = 0.19; P = .28), 6MWT (r = 0.10; P = .56), and LEFM (r = 0.32; P = .06). However, when considering sex, women, but not men, had a significant relationship with LEFM (r = 0.73; P = .005) and moderate but nonsignificant relationship with PPT (r = 0.53; P = .06) and 6MWT (r = 0.47; P = .10). CONCLUSIONS Within 48 hours of stroke admission, we were able to administer a nonexercise equation to estimate prestroke peak Vo2. For the entire sample, functional measures conducted at discharge were not related to estimated prestroke peak Vo2. However, when considering sex, the relationship between prestroke Vo2 and the functional measures was strengthened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E. Mattlage
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Sara A. Redlin
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Lee R. Rosterman
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Nick Harn
- Department of Radiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Jason-Flor V. Sisante
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Michael G. Abraham
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
| | - Sandra A. Billinger
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS
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Burns JM, Vidoni ED, Graves RS, Mahnken J, Hill JD, Robinson A, Harn N, Yap W, Perry M. P1‐152: Augmenting amyloid PET interpretations with quantitative information improves consistency of cerebral amyloid detection. Alzheimers Dement 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2015.06.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eric D. Vidoni
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease CenterFairwayKSUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Nick Harn
- University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Wendell Yap
- University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
| | - Mark Perry
- University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKSUSA
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Salinas BA, Sathish HA, Bishop SM, Harn N, Carpenter JF, Randolph TW. Understanding and modulating opalescence and viscosity in a monoclonal antibody formulation. J Pharm Sci 2010; 99:82-93. [PMID: 19475558 PMCID: PMC3927449 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Opalescence and high viscosities can pose challenges for high concentration formulation of antibodies. Both phenomena result from protein-protein intermolecular interactions that can be modulated with solution ionic strength. We studied a therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) that exhibits high viscosity in solutions at low ionic strength ( approximately 20 cP at 90 mg/mL and 23 degrees C) and significant opalescence at isotonic ionic strength (approximately 100 nephelometric turbidity units at 90 mg/mL and 23 degrees C). The intermolecular interactions responsible for these effects were characterized using membrane osmometry, static light scattering, and zeta potential measurements. The net protein-protein interactions were repulsive at low ionic strength ( approximately 4 mM) and attractive at isotonic ionic strengths. The high viscosities are attributed to electroviscous forces at low ionic strength and the significant opalescence at isotonic ionic strength is correlated with attractive antibody interactions. Furthermore, there appears to be a connection to critical phenomena and it is suggested that the extent of opalescence is dependent on the proximity to the critical point. We demonstrate that by balancing the repulsive and attractive forces via intermediate ionic strengths and by increasing the mAb concentration above the apparent critical concentration both opalescence and viscosity can be simultaneously minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branden A Salinas
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
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Harn N, Allan C, Oliver C, Middaugh CR. Highly Concentrated Monoclonal Antibody Solutions: Direct Analysis of Physical Structure and Thermal Stability. J Pharm Sci 2007; 96:532-46. [PMID: 17083094 DOI: 10.1002/jps.20753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Virtually all current analytical methods employed in the development of highly concentrated monoclonal antibody (MAb) formulations require dilution of the sample before acquiring data. Thus, there is an unmet need for methods to study proteins directly at high concentration, since extrapolation of stability indicating parameters obtained from dilute studies may not be representative of the high concentration solution. Only slight or no modifications of biophysical methods including fluorescence, UV absorbance, circular dichroism, and FTIR (ATR and transmittance) spectroscopies as well as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are described here that permit the direct study of immunoglobulins (and other proteins) at high concentrations. Although FTIR spectra show differences that are dependent upon sampling geometry, other spectroscopic data from two different recombinant MAbs suggests that structure of each antibody exists in a physically similar state in the concentration range of 0.1-190 mg/mL in 40 mM pH 6 citrate-phosphate buffer. Upon thermally stressing these proteins, spectroscopic techniques that probe tertiary structure demonstrate a decrease in the apparent thermal melting temperature of approximately 5-20 degrees C of both proteins with increasing concentration. In contrast, DSC thermograms and CD thermal experiments suggest a minor degree of stabilization (approximately 2 degrees C) for both antibodies although protein association could be responsible for these observations. Empirical phase diagrams produced from spectroscopic data also suggest (1) the existence of similar structural states at low temperatures independent of concentration and (2) a decrease in the temperature at which phase changes are observed with increasing concentration. The decrease in structural stability observed in these studies is probably the result of aggregation or self-association of the recombinant MAbs upon heating in crowded solutions and not due to a decrease in the intrinsic structural stability of the MAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Harn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Multidisciplinary Research Building, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, USA
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