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Burotto M, Zvirbule Z, Mochalova A, Runglodvatana Y, Herraez-Baranda L, Liu SN, Chan P, Shearer-Kang E, Liu X, Tosti N, Zanghi JA, Leutgeb B, Felip E. Corrigendum to 'IMscin001 Part 2: a randomised phase III, open-label, multicentre study examining the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of atezolizumab subcutaneous versus intravenous administration in previously treated locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer and pharmacokinetics comparison with other approved indications': [Annals of Oncology 34 (2023) p693-702]. Ann Oncol 2024; 35:482. [PMID: 38195363 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Burotto
- Centro de Investigación, Clínica Bradford Hill, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Z Zvirbule
- Latvian Oncology Center, Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - A Mochalova
- Department of Antitumor Drug Therapy, MEDSI Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia
| | - Y Runglodvatana
- Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, Bangkok Metropolitan University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - L Herraez-Baranda
- Product Development Medical Affairs Oncology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S N Liu
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
| | - P Chan
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
| | - E Shearer-Kang
- Product Safety Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - X Liu
- Data and Statistical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - N Tosti
- Product Development Oncology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J A Zanghi
- BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - B Leutgeb
- Product Development Oncology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - E Felip
- Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Clinical Research Department, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
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Burotto M, Zvirbule Z, Mochalova A, Runglodvatana Y, Herraez-Baranda L, Liu SN, Chan P, Shearer-Kang E, Liu X, Tosti N, Zanghi JA, Leutgeb B, Felip E. IMscin001 Part 2: a randomised phase III, open-label, multicentre study examining the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of atezolizumab subcutaneous versus intravenous administration in previously treated locally advanced or metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer and pharmacokinetics comparison with other approved indications. Ann Oncol 2023; 34:693-702. [PMID: 37268157 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atezolizumab intravenous (IV) is approved for the treatment of various solid tumours. To improve treatment convenience and health care efficiencies, a coformulation of atezolizumab and recombinant human hyaluronidase PH20 was developed for subcutaneous (SC) use. Part 2 of IMscin001 (NCT03735121) was a randomised phase III, open-label, multicentre, noninferiority study comparing the drug exposure of atezolizumab SC with atezolizumab IV. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients with locally advanced/metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer were randomised 2 : 1 to receive atezolizumab SC (1875 mg; n = 247) or IV (1200 mg; n = 124) every 3 weeks. The co-primary endpoints were cycle 1 observed trough serum concentration (Ctrough) and model-predicted area under the curve from days 0 to 21 (AUC0-21 d). The secondary endpoints were steady-state exposure, efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity. Exposure following atezolizumab SC was then compared with historical atezolizumab IV values across approved indications. RESULTS The study met both of its co-primary endpoints: cycle 1 observed Ctrough {SC: 89 μg/ml [coefficient of variation (CV): 43%] versus IV: 85 μg/ml (CV: 33%); geometric mean ratio (GMR), 1.05 [90% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-1.24]} and model-predicted AUC0-21 d [SC: 2907 μg d/ml (CV: 32%) versus IV: 3328 μg d/ml (CV: 20%); GMR, 0.87 (90% CI 0.83-0.92)]. Progression-free survival [hazard ratio 1.08 (95% CI 0.82-1.41)], objective response rate (SC: 12% versus IV: 10%), and incidence of anti-atezolizumab antibodies (SC: 19.5% versus IV: 13.9%) were similar between arms. No new safety concerns were identified. Ctrough and AUC0-21 d for atezolizumab SC were consistent with the other approved atezolizumab IV indications. CONCLUSIONS Compared with IV, atezolizumab SC demonstrated noninferior drug exposure at cycle 1. Efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity were similar between arms and consistent with the known profile for atezolizumab IV. Similar drug exposure and clinical outcomes following SC and IV administration support the use of atezolizumab SC as an alternative to atezolizumab IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Burotto
- Centro de Investigación, Clínica Bradford Hill, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Z Zvirbule
- Latvian Oncology Center, Riga Eastern Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - A Mochalova
- Department of Antitumor Drug Therapy, MEDSI Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia
| | - Y Runglodvatana
- Faculty of Medicine, Vajira Hospital, Bangkok Metropolitan University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - L Herraez-Baranda
- Product Development Medical Affairs Oncology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S N Liu
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
| | - P Chan
- Clinical Pharmacology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
| | - E Shearer-Kang
- Product Safety Development, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - X Liu
- Data and Statistical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - N Tosti
- Product Development Oncology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - J A Zanghi
- BioAnalytical Sciences, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - B Leutgeb
- Product Development Oncology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - E Felip
- Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain; Clinical Research Department, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
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Burotto M, Zvirbule Z, Mochalova A, Runglodvatana Y, Herraez Baranda L, Liu S, Chan P, Shearer-Kang E, Shivhare M, Tosti N, Zanghi J, Leutgeb B, Felip E. 61MO IMscin001 (part 2: randomized phase III): Pharmacokinetics (PK), efficacy and safety of atezolizumab (atezo) subcutaneous (SC) vs intravenous (IV) in previously treated locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Immuno-Oncology and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Ng CKY, Di Costanzo GG, Tosti N, Paradiso V, Coto-Llerena M, Roscigno G, Perrina V, Quintavalle C, Boldanova T, Wieland S, Marino-Marsilia G, Lanzafame M, Quagliata L, Condorelli G, Matter MS, Tortora R, Heim MH, Terracciano LM, Piscuoglio S. Genetic profiling using plasma-derived cell-free DNA in therapy-naïve hepatocellular carcinoma patients: a pilot study. Ann Oncol 2019; 29:1286-1291. [PMID: 29509837 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) are not routinely biopsied, resulting in a lack of tumor materials for molecular profiling. Here we sought to determine whether plasma-derived cell-free DNA (cfDNA) captures the genetic alterations of HCC in patients who have not undergone systemic therapy. Patients and methods Frozen biopsies from the primary tumor and plasma were synchronously collected from 30 prospectively recruited, systemic treatment-naïve HCC patients. Deep sequencing of the DNA from the biopsies, plasma-derived cfDNA and matched germline was carried out using a panel targeting 46 coding and non-coding genes frequently altered in HCCs. Results In 26/30 patients, at least one somatic mutation was detected in biopsy and/or cfDNA. Somatic mutations in HCC-associated genes were present in the cfDNA of 63% (19/30) of the patients and could be detected 'de novo' without prior knowledge of the mutations present in the biopsy in 27% (8/30) of the patients. Mutational load and the variant allele fraction of the mutations detected in the cfDNA positively correlated with tumor size and Edmondson grade. Crucially, among the seven patients in whom the largest tumor was ≥5 cm or was associated with metastasis, at least one mutation was detected 'de novo' in the cfDNA of 86% (6/7) of the cases. In these patients, cfDNA and tumor DNA captured 87% (80/92) and 95% (87/92) of the mutations, suggesting that cfDNA and tumor DNA captured similar proportions of somatic mutations. Conclusion In patients with high disease burden, the use of cfDNA for genetic profiling when biopsy is unavailable may be feasible. Our results support further investigations into the clinical utility of cfDNA in a larger cohort of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Y Ng
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel; Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - G G Di Costanzo
- Department of Transplantation - Liver Unit, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples
| | - N Tosti
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel
| | - V Paradiso
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel
| | - M Coto-Llerena
- Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - G Roscigno
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - V Perrina
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel
| | - C Quintavalle
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel
| | - T Boldanova
- Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Wieland
- Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - M Lanzafame
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel
| | - L Quagliata
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel
| | - G Condorelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - M S Matter
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel
| | - R Tortora
- Department of Transplantation - Liver Unit, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples
| | - M H Heim
- Hepatology Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - S Piscuoglio
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel.
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Weixler B, Renetseder F, Facile I, Tosti N, Cremonesi E, Tampakis A, Delko T, Eppenberger-Castori S, Tzankov A, Iezzi G, Kettelhack C, Soysal SD, von Holzen U, Spagnoli GC, Terracciano L, Tornillo L, Droeser RA, Däster S. Phosphorylated CXCR4 expression has a positive prognostic impact in colorectal cancer. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2017; 40:609-619. [PMID: 28936810 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-017-0348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CXCL12-CXCR4 chemokine axis plays an important role in cell trafficking as well as in tumor progression. In colorectal cancer (CRC), the chemokine receptor CXCR4 has been shown to be an unfavorable prognostic factor in some studies, however, the role of its activated (phosphorylated) form, pCXCR4, has not yet been evaluated. Here, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of CXCR4 and pCXCR4 in a large cohort of CRC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS A tissue microarray (TMA) of 684 patient specimens of primary CRCs was analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for the expression of CXCR4 and pCXCR4 by tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs). RESULTS The combined high expression of CXCR4 and pCXCR4 showed a favorable 5-year overall survival rate (68%; 95%CI = 59-76%) compared to tumors showing a high expression of CXCR4 only (48%; 95%CI = 41-54%). High expression of pCXCR4 was significantly associated with a favorable prognosis in a test and validation group (p = 0.015 and p = 0.0001). Moreover, we found that CRCs with a high density of pCXCR4+ tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) also showed a favorable prognosis in a test and validation group (p = 0.054 and p = 0.004). Univariate Cox regression analysis for TICs revealed that a high density of pCXCR4+ TICs was a favorable prognostic marker for overall survival (HR = 0.97,95%CI = 0.96-1.00; p = 0.01). In multivariate Cox regression survival analyses a high expression of pCXCR4 in tumor cells lost its association with a better overall survival (HR = 0.99; 95%CI = 0.99-1.00, p = 0.098). CONCLUSION Our results show that high densities of CXCR4 and pCXCR4 positive TICs are favorable prognostic factors in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Weixler
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - F Renetseder
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - I Facile
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - N Tosti
- Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - E Cremonesi
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - A Tampakis
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - T Delko
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - A Tzankov
- Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - G Iezzi
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - C Kettelhack
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S D Soysal
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - U von Holzen
- Goshen Center for Cancer Care, Indiana University School of Medicine South Bend, Goshen, IN, USA.,Harper Cancer Research Institute, South Bend, IN, USA
| | - G C Spagnoli
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - L Terracciano
- Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - L Tornillo
- Institute of Pathology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Raoul A Droeser
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - S Däster
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Consolandi C, Palmieri L, Doveri S, Maestri E, Marmiroli N, Reale S, Lee D, Baldoni L, Tosti N, Severgnini M, De Bellis G, Castiglioni B. Olive variety identification by ligation detection reaction in a universal array format. J Biotechnol 2007; 129:565-74. [PMID: 17350706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2006] [Revised: 01/09/2007] [Accepted: 01/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular methodologies are increasingly being developed to assess the origin and authenticity of raw organic materials and processed food products. Here we describe the application of a microarray-based assay for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identification in olive cultivars. The assay distinguishes alleles in a ligation detection reaction (LDR), with subsequent fluorescent detection by hybridization on a universal array (UA). The LDR-UA approach was used to detect 17 SNPs in olive genomic sequences previously amplified by PCR from fresh olive leaves. Genotype calls obtained with the LDR-UA were in full agreement with those determined by direct sequencing. The panel of 17 SNPs is sufficient to discriminate 49 olive varieties selected among the most widely cultivated for olive oil production in the Mediterranean area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Consolandi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, LITA, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, I-20090 Segrate (MI), Italy.
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Baldoni L, Tosti N, Ricciolini C, Belaj A, Arcioni S, Pannelli G, Germana MA, Mulas M, Porceddu A. Genetic structure of wild and cultivated olives in the central Mediterranean basin. Ann Bot 2006. [PMID: 16935868 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcl/178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Olive cultivars and their wild relatives (oleasters) represent two botanical varieties of Olea europaea subsp. europaea (respectively europaea and sylvestris). Olive cultivars have undergone human selection and their area of diffusion overlaps that of oleasters. Populations of genuine wild olives seem restricted to isolated areas of Mediterranean forests, while most other wild-looking forms of olive may include feral forms that escaped cultivation. METHODS The genetic structure of wild and cultivated olive tree populations was evaluated by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers at a microscale level in one continental and two insular Italian regions. KEY RESULTS The observed patterns of genetic variation were able to distinguish wild from cultivated populations and continental from insular regions. Island oleasters were highly similar to each other and were clearly distinguishable from those of continental regions. Ancient cultivated material from one island clustered with the wild plants, while the old plants from the continental region clustered with the cultivated group. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of these results, we can assume that olive trees have undergone a different selection/domestication process in the insular and mainland regions. The degree of differentiation between oleasters and cultivated trees on the islands suggests that all cultivars have been introduced into these regions from the outside, while the Umbrian cultivars have originated either by selection from local oleasters or by direct introduction from other regions.
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Baldoni L, Tosti N, Ricciolini C, Belaj A, Arcioni S, Pannelli G, Germana MA, Mulas M, Porceddu A. Genetic structure of wild and cultivated olives in the central Mediterranean basin. Ann Bot 2006; 98:935-942. [PMID: 16935868 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mc1178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Olive cultivars and their wild relatives (oleasters) represent two botanical varieties of Olea europaea subsp. europaea (respectively europaea and sylvestris). Olive cultivars have undergone human selection and their area of diffusion overlaps that of oleasters. Populations of genuine wild olives seem restricted to isolated areas of Mediterranean forests, while most other wild-looking forms of olive may include feral forms that escaped cultivation. METHODS The genetic structure of wild and cultivated olive tree populations was evaluated by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers at a microscale level in one continental and two insular Italian regions. KEY RESULTS The observed patterns of genetic variation were able to distinguish wild from cultivated populations and continental from insular regions. Island oleasters were highly similar to each other and were clearly distinguishable from those of continental regions. Ancient cultivated material from one island clustered with the wild plants, while the old plants from the continental region clustered with the cultivated group. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of these results, we can assume that olive trees have undergone a different selection/domestication process in the insular and mainland regions. The degree of differentiation between oleasters and cultivated trees on the islands suggests that all cultivars have been introduced into these regions from the outside, while the Umbrian cultivars have originated either by selection from local oleasters or by direct introduction from other regions.
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Baldoni L, Tosti N, Ricciolini C, Belaj A, Arcioni S, Pannelli G, Germana MA, Mulas M, Porceddu A. Genetic structure of wild and cultivated olives in the central Mediterranean basin. Ann Bot 2006; 98:935-42. [PMID: 16935868 PMCID: PMC2803593 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcl178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Olive cultivars and their wild relatives (oleasters) represent two botanical varieties of Olea europaea subsp. europaea (respectively europaea and sylvestris). Olive cultivars have undergone human selection and their area of diffusion overlaps that of oleasters. Populations of genuine wild olives seem restricted to isolated areas of Mediterranean forests, while most other wild-looking forms of olive may include feral forms that escaped cultivation. METHODS The genetic structure of wild and cultivated olive tree populations was evaluated by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers at a microscale level in one continental and two insular Italian regions. KEY RESULTS The observed patterns of genetic variation were able to distinguish wild from cultivated populations and continental from insular regions. Island oleasters were highly similar to each other and were clearly distinguishable from those of continental regions. Ancient cultivated material from one island clustered with the wild plants, while the old plants from the continental region clustered with the cultivated group. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of these results, we can assume that olive trees have undergone a different selection/domestication process in the insular and mainland regions. The degree of differentiation between oleasters and cultivated trees on the islands suggests that all cultivars have been introduced into these regions from the outside, while the Umbrian cultivars have originated either by selection from local oleasters or by direct introduction from other regions.
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Ederli L, Morettini R, Borgogni A, Wasternack C, Miersch O, Reale L, Ferranti F, Tosti N, Pasqualini S. Interaction between nitric oxide and ethylene in the induction of alternative oxidase in ozone-treated tobacco plants. Plant Physiol 2006; 142:595-608. [PMID: 16935990 PMCID: PMC1586042 DOI: 10.1104/pp.106.085472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2006] [Accepted: 08/11/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The higher plant mitochondrial electron transport chain contains, in addition to the cytochrome chain, an alternative pathway that terminates with a single homodimeric protein, the alternative oxidase (AOX). We recorded temporary inhibition of cytochrome capacity respiration and activation of AOX pathway capacity in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv BelW3) fumigated with ozone (O(3)). The AOX1a gene was used as a molecular probe to investigate its regulation by signal molecules such as hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide (NO), ethylene (ET), salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid (JA), all of them reported to be involved in the O(3) response. Fumigation leads to accumulation of hydrogen peroxide in mitochondria and early accumulation of NO in leaf tissues. Although ET accumulation was high in leaf tissues 5 h after the start of O(3) fumigation, it declined during the recovery period. There were no differences in the JA and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid levels of treated and untreated plants. NO, JA, and ET induced AOX1a mRNA accumulation. Using pharmacological inhibition of ET and NO, we demonstrate that both NO- and ET-dependent pathways are required for O(3)-induced up-regulation of AOX1a. However, only NO is indispensable for the activation of AOX1a gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Ederli
- Department of Plant Biology and Agro-Environmental and Animal Biotechnology, University of Perugia, I-06121 Perugia, Italy
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Tosti N, Pasqualini S, Borgogni A, Ederli L, Falistocco E, Crispi S, Paolocci F. Gene expression profiles of O3-treated Arabidopsis plants. Plant Cell Environ 2006; 29:1686-702. [PMID: 16913859 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2006.01542.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
To analyse cellular response to O(3), the tolerant Arabidopsis thaliana genotype Col-0 was exposed to O(3) fumigation (300 ppb) for 6 h and the modulation of gene expression during the treatment (3 h after the beginning of the treatment, T3 h) and the recovery phase (6 h from the end of the treatment, T12 h) assessed by gene chip microarray and real-time reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR analyses. The Arabidopsis transcriptional profile is complex, as new genes (i.e. reticuline oxidase) and pathways, other than those already reported as O(3)-responsive, appear to be involved in the O(3) response. The steady-state transcript levels of several WRKY genes were increased in O(3)-treated plants and the W-box was the cis-element over-represented in the promoter region of T3 h up-regulated genes. The fact that the W-box element was also over-represented in almost all T3 h-induced receptor-like kinases (RLKs) suggests a WRKY-mediated control of RLKs under O(3) stress and a mechanicistic similarity with the pathogen-induced transcriptional responses. We investigated the molecular and physiological implications of our findings in relation to O(3)-induced plant stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Tosti
- Università degli Studi di Perugia, Dipartimento di Biologia Vegetale e Biotecnologie Agroambientali e Zootecniche, Borgo XX Giugno, 74, I-06121 Perugia, Italy
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Tosti N, Negri V. On-going on-farm microevolutionary processes in neighbouring cowpea landraces revealed by molecular markers. Theor Appl Genet 2005; 110:1275-1283. [PMID: 15803292 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-005-1964-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2004] [Accepted: 02/14/2005] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A knowledge of existing levels of diversity is fundamental for planning in situ (on-farm) conservation activities. Three neighbouring cowpea landraces (LRs) currently cultivated in central Italy were studied by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and selectively amplified microsatellite polymorphic locus (SAMPL) markers to determine the distribution of genetic variation within and among them. The three LRs studied, although relatively similar, are highly different from one another as shown by the significance of the Fisher exact test for the genic differentiation and the absence of genotype sharing among them. Data obtained from the AFLP and SAMPL markers separately and their combined data revealed a relatively high level of diversity still present within the LRs. The more efficient SAMPL technique was better at discriminating between the plants than the AFLP markers. The three LRs studied appear to be structured as a metapopulation in which a substantial differentiation is maintained at the subpopulation level. A complex interaction of factors (drift, LR isolation, farmer selection, migration within LRs) explains the observed pattern of diversity. The results suggest that the best strategy for maintaining diversity in the area is to preserve each of the LRs observed on the farms from which it came.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Tosti
- Lab srl, via Strozzacapponi 89a, Castel Del Piano, 06071, Perugia, Italy
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Paolocci F, Bovone T, Tosti N, Arcioni S, Damiani F. Light and an exogenous transcription factor qualitatively and quantitatively affect the biosynthetic pathway of condensed tannins in Lotus corniculatus leaves. J Exp Bot 2005; 56:1093-103. [PMID: 15710630 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eri101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of increasing light and of a heterologous bHLH transcription factor on the accumulation of condensed tannins (CT) were investigated in leaves of Lotus corniculatus, a model legume species which accumulates these secondary metabolites in leaves as well as reproductive tissues. Light and expression of the transgene increased the level of CT in a synergistic way. To monitor how the changes in accumulation of condensed tannins were achieved, the level of expression of four key genes in the flavonoid pathway was estimated by real-time RT-PCR analysis. Early genes of the pathway (PAL and CHS) were affected less in their expression and so appeared to be less involved in influencing the final level of CT than later genes in the pathway (DFR and ANS). Steady-state levels of DFR and ANS transcripts showed a strong positive correlation with CT and these genes might be considered the first rate-limiting steps in CT biosynthesis in Lotus leaves. However, additional factors mediated by light are limiting CT accumulation once these genes are up-regulated by the transgene. Therefore, the increment of the steady-state mRNA level for DFR and ANS might not be sufficient to up-regulate condensed tannins in leaves. The real-time RT-PCR approach adopted showed that members within the CHS and DFR gene families are differentially regulated by the exogenous bHLH gene and light. This finding is discussed in relation to the approaches for controlling CT biosynthesis and for studying the expression profile of multi-gene families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Paolocci
- Istituto di Genetica Vegetale sez. Perugia, CNR, Via Madonna Alta 130, I-06128 Perugia, Italy.
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Cuteri V, Marenzoni ML, Mazzolla R, Tosti N, Merletti L, Arcioni S, Valente C. Staphylococcus aureus: study of genomic similarity of strains isolated in veterinary pathology using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2004; 27:247-53. [PMID: 15177999 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2003.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2003] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a widespread pathogen causing infections in different animal species. The extensive use of antibiotics, particularly methicillin, causes the rise of antibiotic-resistant strains (MRSA). In order to verify the epidemiology and genetic relatedness among MRSA and sensible strains (MSSA), an accurate fingerprinting technique, the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), was carried out. The isolates were cultured, subdivided on MRSA and MSSA and submitted for the genomic DNA extraction that was utilized for AFLP. The data were analysed for genetic similarity using the Dice coefficient. The results of genomic analysis among MRSA and MSSA and within them revealed that the major component of variation was due to variation within strains (82.12%), while variance among strains was lower (17.88%). The low level of genomic similarity found among S. aureus strains implies high level of genetic diversity. Different similarity was found as well in all strains independently of the source.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Cuteri
- Dipartimento Scienze Veterinarie, Università di Camerino, Via Circonvallazione, 93/9562024 Matelica (MC), Italy.
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Tosti N, Negri V. Efficiency of three PCR-based markers in assessing genetic variation among cowpea (Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata) landraces. Genome 2002; 45:268-75. [PMID: 11962624 DOI: 10.1139/g01-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the efficiency of RAPD, AFLP, and SAMPL marker systems in detecting genetic polymorphism in cowpea landraces (Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata (L.) Walp.) that probably share a similar genetic pool. A second objective was to determine the level of diversity among landraces from a restricted area, to define the most appropriate strategy of on-farm conservation. Each marker system was able to discriminate among the materials analysed, but a clear distinction between all the local varieties was only obtained with AFLP and SAMPL markers. The average diversity index was quite similar for each marker system, but owing to the differences in the effective multiplex ratio values the marker index was higher for the AFLP and SAMPL systems than for the RAPD system. The AFLP and SAMPL techniques appear to be more useful than the RAPD technique in the analysis of limited genetic diversity among the cowpea landraces tested. The significant correlations of SAMPL similarity and cophenetic matrices with those of the other markers, and the lower number of primer combinations required, indicate that this technique is the most valuable. The low genetic similarity detected among landraces suggests that all the cowpea landraces should be maintained on the respective farms from which they came.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Tosti
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per le Ricerche sul Miglioramento Genetico delle Piante Foraggere, Perugia, Italy
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De Angelis M, Corsetti A, Tosti N, Rossi J, Corbo MR, Gobbetti M. Characterization of non-starter lactic acid bacteria from Italian ewe cheeses based on phenotypic, genotypic, and cell wall protein analyses. Appl Environ Microbiol 2001; 67:2011-20. [PMID: 11319075 PMCID: PMC92830 DOI: 10.1128/aem.67.5.2011-2020.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2000] [Accepted: 01/16/2001] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-starter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) were isolated from 12 Italian ewe cheeses representing six different types of cheese, which in several cases were produced by different manufacturers. A total of 400 presumptive Lactobacillus isolates were obtained, and 123 isolates and 10 type strains were subjected to phenotypic, genetic, and cell wall protein characterization analyses. Phenotypically, the cheese isolates included 32% Lactobacillus plantarum isolates, 15% L. brevis isolates, 12% L. paracasei subsp. paracasei isolates, 9% L. curvatus isolates, 6% L. fermentum isolates, 6% L. casei subsp. casei isolates, 5% L. pentosus isolates, 3% L. casei subsp. pseudoplantarum isolates, and 1% L. rhamnosus isolates. Eleven percent of the isolates were not phenotypically identified. Although a randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis based on three primers and clustering by the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) was useful for partially differentiating the 10 type strains, it did not provide a species-specific DNA band or a combination of bands which permitted complete separation of all the species considered. In contrast, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis cell wall protein profiles clustered by UPGMA were species specific and resolved the NSLAB. The only exceptions were isolates phenotypically identified as L. plantarum and L. pentosus or as L. casei subsp. casei and L. paracasei subsp. paracasei, which were grouped together. Based on protein profiles, Italian ewe cheeses frequently contained four different species and 3 to 16 strains. In general, the cheeses produced from raw ewe milk contained a larger number of more diverse strains than the cheeses produced from pasteurized milk. The same cheese produced in different factories contained different species, as well as strains that belonged to the same species but grouped in different RAPD clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- M De Angelis
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Sezione di Microbiologia Agro-alimentare, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Via S. Costanzo, Perugia, Italy
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Corsetti A, Lavermicocca P, Morea M, Baruzzi F, Tosti N, Gobbetti M. Phenotypic and molecular identification and clustering of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts from wheat (species Triticum durum and Triticum aestivum) sourdoughs of Southern Italy. Int J Food Microbiol 2001; 64:95-104. [PMID: 11252516 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1605(00)00447-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The microflora of 25 wheat sourdoughs from the Apulia region, Southern Italy, was characterized. The sourdoughs were mainly produced from Triticum durum wheat. The number of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts ranged from ca. log 7.5 to log 9.3 colony forming units (cfu)/g and from log 5.5 to log 8.4 cfu/g, respectively. About 38% of the 317 isolates of lactic acid bacteria were identified by conventional physiological and biochemical tests. Phenotypic identification was confirmed by 16S rDNA and 16S/23S rRNA spacer region PCR. Overall, 30% of the isolates were identified as Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis, 20% as Lb. alimentarius, 14% as Lb. brevis, 12% as Leuconostoc citreum, 7% as Lb. plantarum, 6% as Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, 4% as Lb. fermentum and Lb. acidophilus, 2% as Weissella confusa and 1% as Lb. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii. Some of these species have not been previously isolated from sourdoughs. Since bakers yeast is widely used in sourdough production, Saccharomyces cerevisiae was largely found. The phenotypical relationships within the main lactic acid bacteria identified were established by using cluster analysis. A microbial map of the 25 sourdoughs was plotted showing characteristic associations among lactic acid bacteria and differences in the lactic acid bacteria species which were mainly due to the species of wheat flour, use of bakers yeast and type of bread.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Corsetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Sezione di Microbiologia Agro-alimentare, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Italy
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Barcaccia G, Tosti N, Falistocco E, Veronesi F. Cytological, morphological and molecular analyses of controlled progenies from meiotic mutants of alfalfa producing unreduced gametes. Theor Appl Genet 1995; 91:1008-1015. [PMID: 24169990 DOI: 10.1007/bf00223913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/1995] [Accepted: 05/19/1995] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A program of sexual polyploidization was carried out in alfalfa using plants from wild diploid species that produced male or female unreduced gametes. Sixteen progenies from 2x-4x and 2x-2x crosses were examined with a combination of morphological, cytological and molecular analyses. The chromosome counts revealed diploid, tetraploid and aneuploid plants. Plants with B chromosomes were also detected. The leaf area of the plants was a useful characteristic for distinguishing tetraploid from diploid plants obtained by unilateral or bilateral sexual polyploidization. Leaf shape and leaf margin were not correlated with the ploidy levels. Plants with supernumerary chromosomes displayed obovate or elliptic leaves which differed markedly from the range of forms typical of diploid and tetraploid alfalfa plants. RAPD markers were investigated in all progeny plants to determine maternal and paternal amplification products. Three alfalfa-specific primers proved to be effective in revealing the hybrid origin of the plants. A combination of cytological, morphological and molecular analyses is essential for a detailed genetic characterization of progenies in programs of sexual polyploidization.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Barcaccia
- Istituto di Miglioramento Genetico Vegétale, Facoltà di Agraria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, 06100, Perugia, Italy
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