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POS-303 AIR POLLUTION AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE RISK AMONG RESIDENTS OF OIL AND GAS- SITUATED COMMUNITIES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Spectacle design preferences among school children in Enugu State, Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract 2021; 24:1828-1834. [PMID: 34889792 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_521_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Uncorrected refractive error has profound effects on children's educational and social development and spectacles are cost-effective in correcting this. However, the cosmetic appearance of spectacles may affect compliance to prescribed spectacles. Aims This study explored spectacle design preferences of school children in Enugu State, Nigeria and any associated sociodemographic factors. A cross-sectional study among children aged 5-15 years from schools in Enugu state, Nigeria. Patients and Methods The children independently selected from sets of spectacle frames, indicating their preferences on the basis of spectacle frame color, material, shape and size of the lens portion, design of the earpiece portions. Simple descriptive analysis was performed. Frequency tables were generated. Pearson's Chi-square test was used to test associations between categorical variables. Odds ratios were used to measure the strength of the associations where P < 0.05. Tests of significance were set at the 95% level. Results A total of 1,167 children (45.6% male and 54.4% female) were seen. Majority of the children preferred red colored spectacle frames 467 (40%), plastic frames 723 (62%), rectangular shaped lens-pieces (55.2%), and frames with a straight earpiece 987 (84.6%). There is a strong association between gender and choice of spectacle colour (P < 0.01), gender and lens size preference (P < 0.05), and between school location and shapes of spectacle earpiece (P < 0.01). Conclusions Spectacle preferences exist among the study population and some demographic factors are associated with these preferences which should be considered in any childhood refractive error services.
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Cashew nut testa tannin resin – preparation, characterization and adsorption studies. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2021.1930717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Prevalence of refractive errors and visual impairment in school children in Enugu South-East Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract 2021; 24:380-386. [PMID: 33723112 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_521_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Aims To determine the prevalence of refractive errors and causes of visual impairment in school children in Enugu State, South-eastern Nigeria. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional, school-based survey in children aged 5-15 years from selected primary and junior secondary schools (public and private) in both urban and rural communities of Enugu State was carried out. Ocular examinations were performed on them according to the Refractive Error in School-age Children (RESC) protocol. Results A total of 1167 children were examined. The mean age (standard deviation) was 10.58 ± 3.0 years. Females were 653 (54.4%) of the study population. The uncorrected, presenting and best-corrected visual acuity of ≤20/40 (6/12) in the better eye of the children in this study were 3.6%. 3.5% and 0.4%. Among the children that had visual impairment, refractive error accounted for 33.3% of reduced vision while the overall prevalence of refractive error was 2.1%. Prevalence of myopia was 1.9% and hyperopia, 0.1%. The most prevalent astigmatism was ≤0.75 dioptre cylinder. Conclusion The prevalence of refractive error in this study is low, with myopia being more common. Despite the low prevalence of refractive error, school vision screening is still important for African children as it serves as an opportunity to identify other ocular morbidities among the children.
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Peri-Surgical Acute Kidney Injury in Two Nigerian Tertiary Hospitals: A Retrospective Study. West Afr J Med 2020; 37:396-401. [PMID: 32835402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence and outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) are worse in developing countries due to late diagnosis, poor access and high cost of care. Surgical patients may have up to 10 fold increased risk for AKI due to complications arising from the primary surgical illness, peri-operative complications and treatment. METHODS This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study of the epidemiology of AKI in two Nigerian tertiary institutions. Patients who had surgery during a 1year period were included. Patients' identification were obtained from the theatre registers, and relevant data collected from their hospital files. AKI was defined using the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) serum creatinine criteria. RESULTS Two hundred and twenty patients were studied, and the majority were males (60.9%). Forty patients developed AKI (18.2%), with the majority in KDIGO stage 1 (12.7%). Mean age was 43.7±17.6 years compared to 37.2±21.7 years among those without AKI (mean difference=6.489, p=0.079). More males than females developed AKI (19.4% vs 16.3%, p=0.558). AKI was diagnosed in 38.5% of patients with sepsis compared to 16.9% of non-septic patients (p=0.061); in 23.9% of patients who had significant blood loss compared to 15.4% of patients without significant blood loss (p=0.128). Intensive care unit (ICU) admission was significantly commoner among patients with AKI (20% vs 7.8% p = 0.023). Mortality was 25% among patients who developed AKI compared to 7.2% in those without AKI (p=0.005) CONCLUSION: Patients diagnosed with AKI had a higher mean age. Perisurgical AKI was commoner in males, patients with sepsis, and those who lost significant blood intra-operatively. ICU admission and mortality were significantly higher among patients with AKI.
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SUN-167 PREGNANCY RELATED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN DELTA STATE UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL, NIGERIA. Kidney Int Rep 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.05.569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Environmental Exposure to Crude Oil: A Potential Risk for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Disadvantaged Countries. West Afr J Med 2019; 36:144-157. [PMID: 31385601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to environmental pollutants has been associated with the high burden of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in disadvantaged populations. Although biologically plausible, the evidence for kidney damage from hydrocarbon or crude oil exposure is still conflicting. Several human and animal studies from as far back as the 1950s have associated some forms of chronic glomerulonephritis or CKD, with long-term human exposure to hydrocarbons. However, other studies have produced opposite findings or dispute findings of positive studies. METHODS This paper reviews in detail the mechanisms of environmental and human exposure to crude oil and the evidence for crude oil associated chronic kidney disease. Additionally, a search was conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar, revealing 152 articles, out of which, 64 articles were included for review; animal studies and case reports were excluded Results: Overall, 64% of the studies reviewed supported an association between hydrocarbon exposure and kidney disease. Eight out of the nine cohort studies reported a positive association, and the only meta-analysis reported an increased risk for renal cancer. Conversely, 50% of the mortality studies reported no increased risk of deaths due to cancer among petroleum oil workers. Existing review articles on this subject were mostly inconclusive (55%). CONCLUSION A significant proportion of studies have supported the increased risk for CKD in exposed individuals. The possibility that crude oil exposure may indeed cause harm underscores the need to re-open the subject matter. Well-designed epidemiological studies, particularly situated in oil producing communities of disadvantaged countries may be a step in the right direction.
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Audit of ophthalmology discharge summaries in a Nigerian Teaching Hospital. Niger J Clin Pract 2018; 21:901-906. [PMID: 29984723 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_363_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Discharge summaries are important components of hospital-care transitions in ensuring continuity of care. AIM We assessed the adequacy and accuracy of discharge summaries written by junior doctors. METHODS An instrument, adapted largely from the current hospital discharge summary template and recommendations regarding content from the Joint Commission International, was used to study 420 discharge summaries written in 2012 from the ophthalmology service of a Rural Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. The simple descriptive analysis was done with Statistical Package for the Social Science version 17. RESULTS Completeness of entries was relatively high in many traditional areas (biodata of patient, admission/discharge dates, name of supervising consultant, principal diagnosis, surgical procedures done, follow-up instructions, and condition on discharge) of the summaries. The portion of the paper-based template titled "summary" of the admission was most problematic; with information on medication changes and result of tests missing in 368/420 (87.6%) and 334/420 (79.5%), respectively. CONCLUSION Educational intervention for doctors in training with the provision of oversight and feedback by their supervisors is required. Standardized discharge summary templates recognizing the peculiarities of specialized patient groups are recommended. Transition to electronic discharge summary system is imperative.
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Topical-intracameral anesthesia in manual small incision cataract surgery: A pilot study in a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Africa. Niger J Clin Pract 2018; 19:201-6. [PMID: 26856281 DOI: 10.4103/1119-3077.175972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cataract remains a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) is currently practiced as the technique of choice in Sub-Saharan Africa to reduce the backlog of cataract blindness. Optimal pain control during surgery remains a challenge to cataract surgeons. AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of the use of aqueous topical/intracameral anesthesia in MSICS. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this hospital-based case series, consecutive patients presenting at the eye clinic with operable cataract and willing to have surgery were enrolled. Baseline sociodemographics (age, sex, and occupation), type of cataract by morphology, pain perception, and surgeons experience were recorded. Descriptive and comparative statistical analyses were performed. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The surgeries were performed on 30 eyes of 16 (53.3%) males, and 14 (46.7%) females (sex ratio, 1:0.9) who were aged 60.3 ± 16.32 standard deviation (SD) (95% confidence interval [CI] of mean; 53.94-66.13) (range; 20-98 years). Using the visual analog scale, the mean pain score was 2.7 SD ± 2.215 (1.87-3.53 95% CI). There was no correlation between degree of pain perception and gender (P = 0.806) or age (P = 0.388). Patient's cooperation was excellent in 22 (73.3%) of patients. Intraoperative complications occurred in 3 (10%) of patients. CONCLUSION The mean pain score in this study is low. There is no correlation between perception of pain with gender or age. Surgeons experience is excellent in most of the cases. This method of anesthesia in MSCIS is adequate for patient's comfort and safe cataract surgery.
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Unmet needs of cataract blind children in special schools in Southeast Nigeria. Eye (Lond) 2018; 32:469-470. [PMID: 28862258 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2017.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Radiological Investigations for AIS3+ Head Injuries in a Trauma Unit: A Closed Loop Audit of Adherence to NICE Guidelines. Int J Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2017.08.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Evaluation of the learning and teaching environment of the Faculty of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus. Niger J Clin Pract 2017; 20:958-963. [PMID: 28891539 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_414_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed at evaluating the learning and teaching environment of undergraduate students of the Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Nigeria. METHODS The study was a descriptive, cross-sectional survey. The Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire was self-administered to the final year medical students during the second semester of 2013/2014 academic year. The 50-items of the questionnaire were sub-divided into five sub-groups: perception of learning, perceptions of teachers, academic self-perceptions, perceptions of atmosphere, and social self-perceptions. RESULTS The questionnaire was completed by 128 out of the 139 students (92.1%). Of the maximum score of 200, the total mean score was 101.82 ± 20.36 SD. The mean ± SD score of students' perception of learning was 25.97 ± 4.18 (maximum score, 48). The mean ± SD score of teachers was 24.40 ± 4.74 (maximum score, 44), whereas that of students' academic self-perception, perception of atmosphere, and social self-perception was 19.96 ± 5.29 (maximum score, 32), 19.02 ± 7.69 (maximum score, 48), and 11.86 ± 4.22 (maximum score, 28), respectively. CONCLUSION The overall mean score shows that the students' perception of their learning environment was more positive than negative according to the practical guide of McAleer and Roff on the interpretation of DREEM questionnaire. However, there are problematic areas revealed by this study that will inform policy formulation and remedial intervention.
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Correlates of Stone Quarry Workers' Awareness of Work-related Ocular Health Hazards and Utilization of Protective Eye Devices: Findings in Southeastern Nigeria. Indian J Occup Environ Med 2017. [PMID: 29540966 PMCID: PMC5844131 DOI: 10.4103/ijoem.ijoem_171_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To assess the awareness of work-related ocular health hazards and utilization of personal protective eye devices (PPEDs) among stone quarry workers in Abakaliki, southeastern Nigeria. Materials and Methods: In a cross-sectional survey of stone quarry industry workers in Abakiliki, conducted between March and April, 2012, data on participants' socio-demographics, job characteristics, PPED awareness, and utilization were collected. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed. For intergroup comparisons, P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: All workers were aware of the need for utilization of eye protective devices; however, 98.7% declined its use for various reasons. About 74.6% attributed nonutilization to nonavailability while 10.4% attributed it to high cost and 10.2% declined its utilization due to discomfort associated with its use. Discussion: Usage of PPEDs was associated with job specification, educational level, duration of work experience, awareness of work hazards, and knowledge about the purpose of PPEDs. Nonusage was associated with unavailability, high cost of procurement, and ocular discomfort from poor fitting and misty/cloudy vision with use. Users were more numerous among blasters and crushers whose jobs were most predisposed to work related accidents and workers with formal education. Conclusions: Findings from the study reveal high level of awareness yet nonutilization of eye protection. Barriers to the utilization of these eye protective devices should be addressed to ensure greater compliance of its use.
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Bilateral concomitant intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor injection: Experience in a Nigerian tertiary private eye care facility. Niger J Clin Pract 2016; 19:544-8. [PMID: 27251975 DOI: 10.4103/1119-3077.183313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the indication and safety profile of same-session bilateral intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF). METHODS This is a retrospective case series of all the patients that received same-session bilateral intravitreal anti-VEGF in Eye Foundation Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, from March 2013 to March 2015. Data retrieved from the patients' medical records includes demographics, indications for injections, complications, and systemic comorbidities. RESULTS During the study period, a total of 442 injections were performed on 126 eyes of 63 patients (M:F ratio; 1.4:1) whose mean age was 55.7 ± 15.6 standard deviation years. The modal age group was 51-70 years. All the patients received injection Bevacizumab (Avastin; Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA-1.25 mg). The most common primary indication for initiating bilateral intravitreal therapy was diabetic macular edema 23 (36.5%). Mean follow-up period was 40.6 days (range: 1-364 days). A combined diabetes mellitus and hypertension accounted for most of the systemic comorbidities 28 (44.4%). Subconjunctival hemorrhage was the only complication seen in these patients with 6 (9.5%) occurring intraoperatively and 9 (14.3%) postoperatively. There was no association between intraoperative complication and age (P = 0.66) or gender (P = 0.96). Furthermore, there exist no association between postoperative complication and age (P = 0.49) or gender (P = 0.99). CONCLUSIONS No major systemic or ocular adverse events were noted. Given that there are potentially serious complications following anti-VEGF injection, further study with a larger number of patients will be necessary to definitively prove the safety of this treatment modality.
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Glaucoma Awareness and Knowledge, and Attitude to Screening, in a Rural Community in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/ojoph.2016.62017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Eliminating the barriers to uptake of cataract surgery in a resource-poor setting: a focus on direct surgical cost. Niger J Clin Pract 2015; 18:333-6. [PMID: 25772914 DOI: 10.4103/1119-3077.151768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cataract remains a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Despite the high therapeutic efficacy of cataract surgical interventions, surgical uptake has been sub-optimal, especially in low- and middle-income countries. OBJECTIVE The objective was to investigate the effect of surgical fee reduction on the uptake of cataract surgical services at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu. METHODS In a retrospective comparative study, all patients who underwent cataract surgery at UNTH between January 2008 and December 2011 were identified from the eye theatre's surgical logbook. Their clinical charts were recalled and relevant demographic and clinical data were abstracted, categorized into pre (January 2008 to December 2009, Group A), and post (January 2010 to December 2011, Group B) surgical fee reduction groups. Descriptive and comparative statistical analyses were performed. RESULTS A total of 376 cataract surgeries (Group A, 164 [43.6%]; Group B, 212 [56.4%]) was performed during the 4-year study period. The surgeries were performed on 217 males, and 159 females aged 55.4 23.4 standard deviation years (range, 7 months to 89 years). The average annual uptake of cataract surgery was 94 overall, 82 pre and 106 postsurgical fee reductions. The two groups did not differ significantly by age (P = 0.8750) or gender (P = 0.8337). CONCLUSION There is low uptake of cataract surgery at UNTH Enugu. Direct surgical fee reduction alone caused only a modest increase in uptake without alteration in age and gender balance. Further fee reduction and exploration of other uptake barriers are warranted.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the patients' perception of services received is essential as the parameters important to the patient may be quite different from that to the eye health provider. AIM This study aims to evaluate patients' satisfaction with the care received from the pioneer teaching hospital in south-eastern Nigeria and use it to audit services. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was administered to 307 consecutive consenting patients seen at the eye clinic of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu in April 2013. The questionnaire asked questions regarding satisfaction with the time spent in the clinic, attitude of various categories of staff, physical facilities, cleanliness of the clinic and willingness to come again to the clinic or recommend it to others. RESULTS The respondents were more satisfied with the attitude of the doctors and nurses than that of revenue and medical records clerks (P = 0.001). Most patients, 288 (93.8%) expressed satisfaction with the overall cleanliness of the eye clinic; 220 (71.7%) and 288 (93.8%) were not satisfied with the toilet facilities and cost of services, respectively. Only 140 (45.6%) participants will recommend the hospital to others strongly, 145 (47.2%) will do so hesitantly. CONCLUSION Majority of the patients were satisfied with the services received. The major dissatisfaction points were cost of services and inadequate toilet facilities.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND In a resource-limited country visual problems of mentally challenged individuals are often neglected. AIM The present study aims to study refractive errors in children diagnosed with autism in a developing country. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ophthalmic examination was carried out on children diagnosed with autism attending a school for the mentally challenged in Enugu, Nigeria between December 2009 and May 2010. Visual acuity was assessed using Lea symbols. Anterior and posterior segments were examined. Cycloplegic refraction was performed. Data was entered on the protocol prepared for the study and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 17 (Chicago IL, USA). RESULTS A total of 21 children with autism were enrolled in the school; 18 of whom were examined giving coverage of 85.7%. The age range was 5-15 years, with a mean of 10.28 years (standard deviation ± 3.20). There were 13 boys and 5 girls. One child had bilateral temporal pallor of the disc and one had bilateral maculopathy with diffuse chorioretinal atrophy. Refraction revealed 4 children (22.2%) had astigmatism and 2 children (11.1%) had hypermetropia. CONCLUSION Significant refractive error mainly astigmatism was noted in the children with autism. Identifying refractive errors in these children early and providing appropriate corrective lenses may help optimize their visual functioning and impact their activities of daily life in a positive way.
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Is diabetes patients' knowledge of laboratory tests for monitoring blood glucose levels associated with better glycaemic control? Arch Physiol Biochem 2014; 120:86-90. [PMID: 24494805 DOI: 10.3109/13813455.2014.884140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine if there is any difference in indices of glycaemic control between type-2 diabetes patients who knew the laboratory tests for monitoring blood glucose and their peers who did not know. METHODS Eighty-nine type-2 diabetes patients were studied after an overnight fast. The patients' bio-data, blood pressure, anthropometric indices and baseline biochemical parameters and glycated haemoglobin A₁c (HbA₁c) were measured. After a breakfast of stewed boiled rice, a 2-hour postprandial blood glucose was measured and a questionnaire administered. RESULTS The patients' mean ± SD HbA1c level was 8.6 ± 2.4% and none of the patients knew about HbA1c test for monitoring glycaemic control. Interestingly, patients who knew about fasting blood glucose test had significantly lower HbA₁c values than their counterparts who did not know (8.1 ± 2.2 vs. 9.1 ± 2.5%, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Diabetes self-management education incorporating laboratory-based information may assist to prevent poor glycaemic control in developing countries with increasing reports of hyperglycaemic emergencies.
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Prevalence of eye diseases among school children in a rural south-eastern Nigerian community. Rural Remote Health 2013; 13:2357. [PMID: 24093438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vision has an essential role in a child's development, and visual deficit is a risk factor not only for altered visio-sensory development, but also for overall socioeconomic status throughout life. Early detection provides the best opportunity for effective treatment of eye and vision problems in children. Therefore, timely screening is vital to avoid lifelong visual impairment. There is a paucity of data regarding the causes of eye disease among rural children in Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and causes of eye disease among children residing in rural communities in Nigeria. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the prevalence and common causes of ocular morbidities in primary school children in Abagana, a rural community in Njikoka Local Government Area of Anambra State, South-East Nigeria. Children aged 6-16 years in all 8 primary schools were registered, interviewed and their eyes examined. Data were analyzed according to age, sex, type of ocular disorder and causes of visual impairment. Frequency and percentages were calculated with univariate analysis and parametric method. RESULTS The census population consisted of 2092 children, 1081 (51.7%) males, with a male to female ratio of 1.07:1. Ocular disorders were found in 127 (6.1%) of the population. The most common ocular disorders in this community were vernal conjunctivitis 61 (2.9%) followed by refractive error 14 (0.7%). Amblyiopia, which is avoidable, was the most common cause of visual impairment. CONCLUSION Study findings indicated that early detection through early eye screening; health education and access to a quality eye care facility will reduce the burden of eye disease and blindness among rural Nigerian children.
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Trauma Association of Canada (TAC) Annual Scientific Meeting. The Westin Whistler Resort & Spa, Whistler, BC, Thursday, Apr. 11 to Saturday, Apr. 13, 2013Testing the reliability of tools for pediatric trauma teamwork evaluation in a North American high-resource simulation settingThe association of etomidate with mortality in trauma patientsDefinition of isolated hip fractures as an exclusion criterion in trauma centre performance evaluations: a systematic reviewEstimation of acute care hospitalization costs for trauma hospital performance evaluation: a systematic reviewHospital length of stay following admission for traumatic injury in Canada: a multicentre cohort studyPredictors of hospital length of stay following traumatic injury: a multicentre cohort studyInfluence of the heterogeneity in definitions of an isolated hip fracture used as an exclusion criterion in trauma centre performance evaluations: a multicentre cohort studyPediatric trauma, advocacy skills and medical studentsCompliance with the prescribed packed red blood cell, fresh frozen plasma and platelet ratio for the trauma transfusion pathway at a level 1 trauma centreEarly fixed-wing aircraft activation for major trauma in remote areasDevelopment of a national, multi-disciplinary trauma crisis resource management curriculum: results from the pilot courseThe management of blunt hepatic trauma in the age of angioembolization: a single centre experienceEarly predictors of in-hospital mortality in adult trauma patientsThe impact of open tibial fracture on health service utilization in the year preceding and following injuryA systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of red blood cell transfusion in the trauma populationSources of support for paramedics managing work-related stress in a Canadian EMS service responding to multisystem trauma patientsAnalysis of prehospital treatment of pain in the multisystem trauma patient at a community level 2 trauma centreIncreased mortality associated with placement of central lines during trauma resuscitationChronic pain after serious injury — identifying high risk patientsEpidemiology of in-hospital trauma deaths in a Brazilian university teaching hospitalIncreased suicidality following major trauma: a population-based studyDevelopment of a population-wide record linkage system to support trauma researchInduction of hmgb1 by increased gut permeability mediates acute lung injury in a hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation mouse modelPatients who sustain gunshot pelvic fractures are at increased risk for deep abscess formation: aggravated by rectal injuryAre we transfusing more with conservative management of isolated blunt splenic injury? A retrospective studyMotorcycle clothesline injury prevention: Experimental test of a protective deviceA prospective analysis of compliance with a massive transfusion protocol - activation alone is not enoughAn evaluation of diagnostic modalities in penetrating injuries to the cardiac box: Is there a role for routine echocardiography in the setting of negative pericardial FAST?Achievement of pediatric national quality indicators — an institutional report cardProcess mapping trauma care in 2 regional health authorities in British Columbia: a tool to assist trauma sys tem design and evaluationPatient safety checklist for emergency intubation: a systematic reviewA standardized flow sheet improves pediatric trauma documentationMassive transfusion in pediatric trauma: a 5-year retrospective reviewIs more better: Does a more intensive physiotherapy program result in accelerated recovery for trauma patients?Trauma care: not just for surgeons. Initial impact of implementing a dedicated multidisciplinary trauma team on severely injured patientsThe role of postmortem autopsy in modern trauma care: Do we still need them?Prototype cervical spine traction device for reduction stabilization and transport of nondistraction type cervical spine injuriesGoing beyond organ preservation: a 12-year review of the beneficial effects of a nonoperative management algorithm for splenic traumaAssessing the construct validity of a global disability measure in adult trauma registry patientsThe mactrauma TTL assessment tool: developing a novel tool for assessing performance of trauma traineesA quality improvement approach to developing a standardized reporting format of ct findings in blunt splenic injuriesOutcomes in geriatric trauma: what really mattersFresh whole blood is not better than component therapy (FFP:RBC) in hemorrhagic shock: a thromboelastometric study in a small animal modelFactors affecting mortality of chest trauma patients: a prospective studyLong-term pain prevalence and health related quality of life outcomes for patients enrolled in a ketamine versus morphine for prehospital traumatic pain randomized controlled trialDescribing pain following trauma: predictors of persistent pain and pain prevalenceManagement strategies for hemorrhage due to pelvic trauma: a survey of Canadian general surgeonsMajor trauma follow-up clinic: Patient perception of recovery following severe traumaLost opportunities to enhance trauma practice: culture of interprofessional education and sharing among emergency staffPrehospital airway management in major trauma and traumatic brain injury by critical care paramedicsImproving patient selection for angiography and identifying risk of rebleeding after angioembolization in the nonoperative management of high grade splenic injuriesFactors predicting the need for angioembolization in solid organ injuryProthrombin complex concentrates use in traumatic brain injury patients on oral anticoagulants is effective despite underutilizationThe right treatment at the right time in the right place: early results and associations from the introduction of an all-inclusive provincial trauma care systemA multicentre study of patient experiences with acute and postacute injury carePopulation burden of major trauma: Has introduction of an organized trauma system made a difference?Long-term functional and return to work outcomes following blunt major trauma in Victoria, AustraliaSurgical dilemma in major burns victim: heterotopic ossification of the tempromandibular jointWhich radiological modality to choose in a unique penetrating neck injury: a differing opinionThe Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) program in CanadaThe Rural Trauma Team Development Course (RTTDC) in Pakistan: Is there a role?Novel deployment of BC mobile medical unit for coverage of BMX world cup sporting eventIncidence and prevalence of intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome in critically ill adults: a systematic review and meta-analysisRisk factors for intra-abdominal hypertension and abdominal compartment syndrome in critically ill or injured adults: a systematic review and meta-analysisA comparison of quality improvement practices at adult and pediatric trauma centresInternational trauma centre survey to evaluate content validity, usability and feasibility of quality indicatorsLong-term functional recovery following decompressive craniectomy for severe traumatic brain injuryMorbidity and mortality associated with free falls from a height among teenage patients: a 5-year review from a level 1 trauma centreA comparison of adverse events between trauma patients and general surgery patients in a level 1 trauma centreProcoagulation, anticoagulation and fibrinolysis in severely bleeding trauma patients: a laboratorial characterization of the early trauma coagulopathyThe use of mobile technology to facilitate surveillance and improve injury outcome in sport and physical activityIntegrated knowledge translation for injury quality improvement: a partnership between researchers and knowledge usersThe impact of a prevention project in trauma with young and their learningIntraosseus vascular access in adult trauma patients: a systematic reviewThematic analysis of patient reported experiences with acute and post-acute injury careAn evaluation of a world health organization trauma care checklist quality improvement pilot programProspective validation of the modified pediatric trauma triage toolThe 16-year evolution of a Canadian level 1 trauma centre: growing up, growing out, and the impact of a booming economyA 20-year review of trauma related literature: What have we done and where are we going?Management of traumatic flail chest: a systematic review of the literatureOperative versus nonoperative management of flail chestEmergency department performance of a clinically indicated and technically successful emergency department thoracotomy and pericardiotomy with minimal equipment in a New Zealand institution without specialized surgical backupBritish Columbia’s mobile medical unit — an emergency health care support resourceRoutine versus ad hoc screening for acute stress: Who would benefit and what are the opportunities for trauma care?A geographical analysis of the Early Development Instrument (EDI) and childhood injuryDevelopment of a pediatric spinal cord injury nursing course“Kids die in driveways” — an injury prevention campaignEpidemiology of traumatic spine injuries in childrenA collaborative approach to reducing injuries in New Brunswick: acute care and injury preventionImpact of changes to a provincial field trauma triage tool in New BrunswickEnsuring quality of field trauma triage in New BrunswickBenefits of a provincial trauma transfer referral system: beyond the numbersThe field trauma triage landscape in New BrunswickImpact of the Rural Trauma Team Development Course (RTTDC) on trauma transfer intervals in a provincial, inclusive trauma systemTrauma and stress: a critical dynamics study of burnout in trauma centre healthcare professionalsUltrasound-guided pediatric forearm fracture reduction with sedation in the emergency departmentBlock first, opiates later? The use of the fascia iliaca block for patients with hip fractures in the emergency department: a systematic reviewRural trauma systems — demographic and survival analysis of remote traumas transferred from northern QuebecSimulation in trauma ultrasound trainingIncidence of clinically significant intra-abdominal injuries in stable blunt trauma patientsWake up: head injury management around the clockDamage control laparotomy for combat casualties in forward surgical facilitiesDetection of soft tissue foreign bodies by nurse practitioner performed ultrasoundAntihypertensive medications and walking devices are associated with falls from standingThe transfer process: perspectives of transferring physiciansDevelopment of a rodent model for the study of abdominal compartment syndromeClinical efficacy of routine repeat head computed tomography in pediatric traumatic brain injuryEarly warning scores (EWS) in trauma: assessing the “effectiveness” of interventions by a rural ground transport service in the interior of British ColumbiaAccuracy of trauma patient transfer documentation in BCPostoperative echocardiogram after penetrating cardiac injuries: a retrospective studyLoss to follow-up in trauma studies comparing operative methods: a systematic reviewWhat matters where and to whom: a survey of experts on the Canadian pediatric trauma systemA quality initiative to enhance pain management for trauma patients: baseline attitudes of practitionersComparison of rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) values in massive and nonmassive transfusion patientsMild traumatic brain injury defined by GCS: Is it really mild?The CMAC videolaryngosocpe is superior to the glidescope for the intubation of trauma patients: a prospective analysisInjury patterns and outcome of urban versus suburban major traumaA cost-effective, readily accessible technique for progressive abdominal closureEvolution and impact of the use of pan-CT scan in a tertiary urban trauma centre: a 4-year auditAdditional and repeated CT scan in interfacilities trauma transfers: room for standardizationPediatric trauma in situ simulation facilitates identification and resolution of system issuesHospital code orange plan: there’s an app for thatDiaphragmatic rupture from blunt trauma: an NTDB studyEarly closure of open abdomen using component separation techniqueSurgical fixation versus nonoperative management of flail chest: a meta-analysisIntegration of intraoperative angiography as part of damage control surgery in major traumaMass casualty preparedness of regional trauma systems: recommendations for an evaluative frameworkDiagnostic peritoneal aspirate: An obsolete diagnostic modality?Blunt hollow viscus injury: the frequency and consequences of delayed diagnosis in the era of selective nonoperative managementEnding “double jeopardy:” the diagnostic impact of cardiac ultrasound and chest radiography on operative sequencing in penetrating thoracoabdominal traumaAre trauma patients with hyperfibrinolysis diagnosed by rotem salvageable?The risk of cardiac injury after penetrating thoracic trauma: Which is the better predictor, hemodynamic status or pericardial window?The online Concussion Awareness Training Toolkit for health practitioners (CATT): a new resource for recognizing, treating, and managing concussionThe prevention of concussion and brain injury in child and youth team sportsRandomized controlled trial of an early rehabilitation intervention to improve return to work Rates following road traumaPhone call follow-upPericardiocentesis in trauma: a systematic review. Can J Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1503/cjs.005813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Population-based screening of ophthalmic disorders in a cohort of Nigerian Army personnel. J ROY ARMY MED CORPS 2013; 158:305-7. [PMID: 23402066 DOI: 10.1136/jramc-158-04-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the burden and spectrum of ophthalmic disorders among army personnel at the 82 Division of the Nigerian Army, Enugu, South Eastern Nigeria. METHODS A population-based screening survey in July 2010 in the 82nd Division, Nigerian Army. Data on participants' sociodemographics, past medical and ophthalmic history, and findings on ophthalmic examination and refraction were noted according to a defined protocol and analysed statistically using p < 0.05 as the level of significance. RESULTS There were 254 participants (223 males, p < 0.05) with a mean age of 36.2 + 9.7 SD years (range 19 -63 years). The prevalence of ophthalmic disorders in the study cohort was 34.6%. These were mainly refractive abnormalities (22.0%) and anterior segment disorders (13.8%). The refractive abnormalities comprised myopia (51.8%), hypermetropia (28.6%) and astigmatism (16.1%). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of ophthalmic disorder among army personnel at the 82nd Division, Enugu, is comparatively high. Spherical refractive error and anterior segment disorders are the commonest ophthalmic disorders. These have implications for needs-based and cost-effective provision of eye care services to this military formation and probably to the rest of the Nigerian Army as well. To generate broad-based comparative data, future multi-centre surveys are warranted.
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The Modern Management of High Grade Splenic Injury: What is the Role of Non-operative Management in this High-risk Group and can we Predict who will Fail this Approach? J Surg Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2012.10.877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Short term results of pterygium surgery with adjunctive amniotic membrane graft. Niger J Clin Pract 2013; 16:356-9. [DOI: 10.4103/1119-3077.113463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Frequency and risk factors of contrast-induced nephropathy after contrast procedures in a Nigerian tertiary centre. West Afr J Med 2013; 32:19-25. [PMID: 23613290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a significant yet underestimated problem in clinical practice. The increasing use of contrast media in diagnostic and interventional procedures over the last 30 years has resulted in CIN becoming the third leading cause of hospital-acquired acute renal failure (ARF) in developed countries. Despite this, there is still a paucity of data on the incidence of CIN following intravenous contrast media especially in developing countries. The goals of this study were to determine the frequency and risk factors of CIN amongst patients receiving intravenous contrast in a tertiary health institution. This is a hospital-based prospective observational study. One hundred and eighty (180) consenting patients were recruited consecutively over a 6-month period. Venous blood and urine were collected for haematocrit, serum urea, electrolytes and creatinine estimation and urinalysis, before contrast exposure and up to 72 hours post-exposure. The frequency of CIN was 35.9% and one patient required haemodialysis. Baseline renal insufficiency, anaemia and age >55 years were significant risk factors for CIN and predictive of CIN in univariate but not multivariate analysis.
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Views of patients about sickle cell disease management in primary care: a questionnaire-based pilot study. JRSM SHORT REPORTS 2012; 3:78. [PMID: 23323196 PMCID: PMC3545328 DOI: 10.1258/shorts.2012.011173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine how patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) perceive the quality of care that they receive from their primary healthcare providers. DESIGN A questionnaire-based pilot study was used to elicit the views of patients about the quality of care they have been receiving from their primary healthcare providers and what they thought was the role of primary care in SCD management. SETTING Sickle Cell Society and Sickle Cell and Thalassaemia Centre, in the London Borough of Brent. PARTICIPANTS One hundred questionnaires were distributed to potential participants with SCD between November 2010 and July 2011 of which 40 participants responded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Analysis of 40 patient questionnaires collected over a nine-month period. RESULTS Most patients are generally not satisfied with the quality of care that they are receiving from their primary healthcare providers for SCD. Most do not make use of general practitioner (GP) services for management of their SCD. Collecting prescriptions was the reason most cited for visiting the GP. CONCLUSION GPs could help improve the day-to-day management of patients with SCD. This could be facilitated by local quality improvement schemes in areas with high disease prevalence. The results of the survey have been used to help develop a GP education intervention and a local enhanced service to support primary healthcare clinicians with SCD's ongoing management.
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Trauma Association of Canada Annual Scientific Meeting abstractsErythroopoietin resuscitated with normal saline, Ringer’s lactate and 7.5% hypertonic saline reduces small intestine injury in a hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation rat model.Analgesia in the management of pediatric trauma in the resuscitative phase: the role of the trauma centre.Multidisciplinary trauma team care in Kandahar, Afghanistan: current injury patterns and care practices.Does computed tomography for penetrating renal injury reduce renal exploration? An 8-year review at a Canadian level 1 trauma centre.The other side of pediatric trauma: violence and intent injury.Upregulation of activated protein C leads to factor V deficiency in early trauma coagulopathy.A provincial integrated model of improved care for patients following hip fracture.Sports concussion: an Olympic boxing model comparing sex with biomechanics and traumatic brain injury.A multifaceted quality improvement strategy to optimize monitoring and management of delirium in trauma patients: results of a clinician survey.Risk factors for severe all-terrain vehicle injuries in Alberta.Evaluating potential spatial access to trauma centre care by severely injured patients.Incidence of brain injury in facial fractures.Surgical outcomes and the acute care surgery service.The acute care general surgery population and prognostic factors for morbidity and mortality.Disaster preparedness of trauma.What would you like to know and how can we help you? Assessing the needs of regional trauma centres.Posttraumatic stress disorder screening for trauma patients at a level 1 trauma centre.Physical and finite element model reconstruction of a subdural hematoma event.Abdominal wall reconstruction in the trauma patient with an open abdomen.Development and pilot testing of a survey to measure patient and family experiences with injury care.Occult shock in trauma: What are Canadian traumatologists missing?Timeliness in obtaining emergent percutaneous procedures for the severely injured patient: How long is too long?97% of massive transfusion protocol activations do not include a complete hemorrhage panel.Trauma systems in Canada: What system components facilitate access to definitive care?The role of trauma team leaders in missed injuries: Does specialty matter?The adverse consequences of dabigatran among trauma and acute surgical patients.A descriptive study of bicycle helmet use in Montréal.Factor XIII, desmopressin and permissive hypotension enhance clot formation compared with normotensive resuscitation: uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock model.Negative pressure wound therapy for critically ill adults with open abdominal wounds: a systematic review.The “weekend warrior:” Fact or fiction for major trauma?Canadian injury preventon curriculum: a means to promote injury prevention.Penetrating splenic trauma: Safe for nonoperative management?The pediatric advanced trauma life support course: a national initiative.The effectiveness of a psycho-educational program among outpatients with burns or complex trauma.Trauma centre performance indicators for nonfatal outcomes: a scoping review.The evaluation of short track speed skating helmet performance.Complication rates as a trauma care performance indicator: a systematic review.Unplanned readmission following admission for traumatic injury: When, where and why?Reconstructions of concussive impacts in ice hockey.How does head CT correlate with ICP monitoring and impact monitoring discontinuation in trauma patients with a Marshall CT score of I–II?Impact of massive transfusion protocol and exclusion of plasma products from female donors on outcome of trauma patients in Calgary region of Alberta Health Services.Primary impact arthrodesis for a neglected open Weber B ankle fracture dislocation.Impact of depression on neuropsychological functioning in electrical injury patients.Predicting the need for tracheostomy in patients with cervical spinal cord injury.Predicting crumping during computed tomography imaging using base deficit.Feasibility of using telehomecare technology to support patients with an acquired brain injury and family care-givers.Program changes impact the outcomes of severely injured patients.Do trauma performance indicators accurately reflect changes in a maturing trauma program?One-stop falls prevention information for clinicians: a multidisciplinary interactive algorithm for the prevention of falls in older adults.Use of focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) for combat casualties in forward facilities.Alberta All-terrain Vehicle Working Group: a call to action.Observations and potential role for the rural trauma team development course (RTTDC) in India.An electronic strategy to facilitate information-sharing among trauma team leaders.Development of quality indicators of trauma care by a consensus panel.An evaluation of a proactive geriatric trauma consultation service.Celebrity injury-related deaths: Is a gangster rapper really gangsta?Prevention of delirium in trauma patients: Are we giving thiamine prophylaxis a fair chance?Intra-abdominal injury in patients who sustain more than one gunshot wound to the abdomen: Should non-operative management be used?Retrospective review of blunt thoracic aortic injury management according to current treatment recommendations.Telemedicine for trauma resuscitation: developing a regional system to improve access to expert trauma care in Ontario.Comparing trauma quality indicator data between a pediatric and an adult trauma hospital.Using local injury data to influence injury prevention priorities.Systems saving lives: a structured review of pediatric trauma systems.What do students think of the St. Michael’s Hospital ThinkFirst Injury Prevention Strategy for Youth?An evidence-based method for targeting a shaken baby syndrome prevention media campaign.The virtual mentor: cost-effective, nurse-practitioner performed, telementored lung sonography with remote physician guidance.Quality indicators used by teaching versus nonteaching international trauma centres.Compliance to advanced trauma life support protocols in adult trauma patients in the acute setting.Closing the quality improvement loop: a collaborative approach.National Trauma Registry: “collecting” it all in New Brunswick.Does delay to initial reduction attempt affect success rates for anterior shoulder dislocation (pilot study)?Use of multidisciplinary, multi-site morbidity and mortality rounds in a provincial trauma system.Caring about trauma care: public awareness, knowledge and perceptions.Assessing the quality of admission dictation at a level 1 trauma centre.Trauma trends in older adults: a decade in review.Blunt splenic injury in patients with hereditary spherocytosis: a population-based analysis.Analysis of trauma team activation in severe head injury: an institutional experience.ROTEM results correlate with fresh frozen plasma transfusion in trauma patients.10-year trend of assault in Alberta.10-year trend in alcohol use in major trauma in Alberta.10-year trend in major trauma injury related to motorcycles compared with all-terrain vehicles in Alberta.Referral to a community program for youth injured by violence: a feasibility study.New impaired driving laws impact on the trauma population at level 1 and 3 trauma centres in British Columbia, Canada.A validation study of the mobile medical unit/polyclinic team training for the Vancouver 2010 Winter Games.Inferior vena cava filter use in major trauma: the Sunny-brook experience, 2000–2011.Relevance of cellular microparticles in trauma-induced coagulopathy: a systemic review.Improving quality through trauma centre collaboratives.Predictors of acute stress response in adult polytrauma patients following injury.Patterns of outdoor recreational injury in northern British Columbia.Risk factors for loss-to-follow up among trauma patients include functional, socio-economic, and geographic determinants: Would mandating opt-out consent strategies minimize these risks?Med-evacs and mortality rates for trauma from Inukjuak, Nunavik, Quebec.Review of open abdomens in McGill University Health Centre.Are surgical interventions for trauma associated with the development of posttraumatic retained hemothorax and empyema?A major step in understanding the mechanisms of traumatic coagulopathy: the possible role of thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor.Access to trauma centre care for patients with major trauma.Repeat head computed tomography in anticoagulated traumatic brain injury patients: still warranted.Improving trauma system governance. Can J Surg 2012. [DOI: 10.1503/cjs.006312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Ultrasound findings in amenorrhoeic women with vaginal bleeding. Niger Postgrad Med J 2008; 15:157-159. [PMID: 18923588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE OF STUDY To document sonographically identifiable causes of vaginal bleeding in secondarily amenorrhoeic women of child bearing age. METHODS A retrospective study of ultrasonographic findings among 102 secondarily amenorrhoeic women of childbearing age with vaginal bleeding was carried out. Ultrasound scan was carried using Siemens Sonoline SL1 equipment with 3.5MHz and 5.0MHz transducers RESULTS 75(73.2%) patients had pregnancy-related conditions, 14(13.7%) had normal, non-pregnant uteri while the remaining 13 (12.8%) had other gynaecological conditions namely pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), uterine fibroids and ovarian masses. Though pregnancy-related conditions are the major causes of vaginal bleeding in amenorrhoeic women of childbearing age, PID, fibroids and ovarian masses are possible findings. CONCLUSION Ultrasound examination is vital in the elucidation of vaginal bleeding in amenorrhoeic women. Pregnancy related conditions are not the only significant cause of amenorrhoea complicated by vaginal bleeding.
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