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Hoskin P, Kirkwood A, Popova B, Schofield O, Brammer C, Robinson M, Brunt M, Krishnaswamy M, Illidge T, Gallop-Evans E, Syndikus I, Clifton-Hadley L. LONG TERM FOLLOW-UP OF FoRT: A PHASE 3 MULTI-CENTER PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF RADIATION THERAPY FOR FOLLICULAR AND MARGINAL ZONE LYMPHOMA. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.34_2630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Hoskin
- Cancer Centre; Mount Vernon Cancer Centre and University of Manchester; Northwood United Kingdom
| | - A. Kirkwood
- Cancer Research UK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre; University College London; London United Kingdom
| | - B. Popova
- Cancer Research UK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre; University College London; London United Kingdom
| | - O. Schofield
- Cancer Research UK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre; University College London; London United Kingdom
| | - C. Brammer
- Cancer Centre; Clatterbridge Cancer Centre; Wirral United Kingdom
| | - M. Robinson
- Radiotherapy; Weston Park Hospital; Sheffield United Kingdom
| | - M. Brunt
- Cancer Centre; Royal Stoke University Hospital & Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent; Staffordshire United Kingdom
| | - M. Krishnaswamy
- Oncology; Southend University Hospital; Westcliff-on-Sea United Kingdom
| | - T. Illidge
- Manchester Cancer Research Institute; University of Manchester; Manchester United Kingdom
| | - E. Gallop-Evans
- Velindre Hospital; Velindre Cancer Centre; Cardiff United Kingdom
| | - I. Syndikus
- Cancer Centre; Clatterbridge Cancer Centre; Wirral United Kingdom
| | - L. Clifton-Hadley
- Cancer Research UK & UCL Cancer Trials Centre; University College London; London United Kingdom
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2
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Ramos AG, García-Garrido VJ, Mancho AM, Wiggins S, Coca J, Glenn S, Schofield O, Kohut J, Aragon D, Kerfoot J, Haskins T, Miles T, Haldeman C, Strandskov N, Allsup B, Jones C, Shapiro J. Lagrangian coherent structure assisted path planning for transoceanic autonomous underwater vehicle missions. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4575. [PMID: 29545527 PMCID: PMC5854677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23028-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transoceanic Gliders are Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) for which there is a developing and expanding range of applications in open-seas research, technology and underwater clean transport. Mature glider autonomy, operating depth (0–1000 meters) and low energy consumption without a CO2 footprint enable evolutionary access across ocean basins. Pursuant to the first successful transatlantic glider crossing in December 2009, the Challenger Mission has opened the door to long-term, long-distance routine transoceanic AUV missions. These vehicles, which glide through the water column between 0 and 1000 meters depth, are highly sensitive to the ocean current field. Consequently, it is essential to exploit the complex space-time structure of the ocean current field in order to plan a path that optimizes scientific payoff and navigation efficiency. This letter demonstrates the capability of dynamical system theory for achieving this goal by realizing the real-time navigation strategy for the transoceanic AUV named Silbo, which is a Slocum deep-glider (0–1000 m), that crossed the North Atlantic from April 2016 to March 2017. Path planning in real time based on this approach has facilitated an impressive speed up of the AUV to unprecedented velocities resulting in major battery savings on the mission, offering the potential for routine transoceanic long duration missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Ramos
- División de Robótica y Oceanografía Computacional (IUSIANI), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - V J García-Garrido
- Instituto de Ciencias Matemáticas, CSIC-UAM-UC3M-UCM, C/Nicolás Cabrera 15, Campus de Cantoblanco UAM, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,U.D. Matemáticas, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - A M Mancho
- Instituto de Ciencias Matemáticas, CSIC-UAM-UC3M-UCM, C/Nicolás Cabrera 15, Campus de Cantoblanco UAM, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - S Wiggins
- School of Mathematics, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TW, United Kingdom
| | - J Coca
- División de Robótica y Oceanografía Computacional (IUSIANI), Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - S Glenn
- Rutgers University Center of Ocean Observing Leadership, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - O Schofield
- Rutgers University Center of Ocean Observing Leadership, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - J Kohut
- Rutgers University Center of Ocean Observing Leadership, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - D Aragon
- Rutgers University Center of Ocean Observing Leadership, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - J Kerfoot
- Rutgers University Center of Ocean Observing Leadership, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - T Haskins
- Rutgers University Center of Ocean Observing Leadership, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - T Miles
- Rutgers University Center of Ocean Observing Leadership, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - C Haldeman
- Rutgers University Center of Ocean Observing Leadership, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - N Strandskov
- Rutgers University Center of Ocean Observing Leadership, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - B Allsup
- Teledyne Webb Research, North Falmouth, MA, 02566, USA
| | - C Jones
- Teledyne Webb Research, North Falmouth, MA, 02566, USA
| | - J Shapiro
- Teledyne Webb Research, North Falmouth, MA, 02566, USA
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Kuhnl A, Shaikh R, Cunningham D, Counsell N, Barrans S, Burton C, Bentley M, Gleeson M, Edwards L, Ulrich L, Smith P, Clifton-Hadley L, Schofield O, Lawrie A, Linch D, Hubank M, Kaiser M. DNMT3A-2
EXPRESSION LEVELS CHARACTERISE DIFFUSE LARGE B-CELL LYMPHOMA WITH DISTINCT METHYLATION PATTERNS AND OUTCOME. Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2438_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Kuhnl
- Department of Medicine; Royal Marsden Hospital; London UK
| | - R. Shaikh
- Centre for Molecular Pathology; Royal Marsden Hospital; London UK
| | - D. Cunningham
- Department of Medicine; Royal Marsden Hospital; London UK
| | - N. Counsell
- Cancer Research UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre; University College London; London UK
| | - S. Barrans
- HMDS St James's Institute of Oncology; St James's University Hospital; Leeds UK
| | - C. Burton
- HMDS St James's Institute of Oncology; St James's University Hospital; Leeds UK
| | - M. Bentley
- HMDS St James's Institute of Oncology; St James's University Hospital; Leeds UK
| | - M. Gleeson
- Department of Medicine; Royal Marsden Hospital; London UK
| | - L. Edwards
- Department of Medicine; Royal Marsden Hospital; London UK
| | - L. Ulrich
- Department of Medicine; Royal Marsden Hospital; London UK
| | - P. Smith
- Cancer Research UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre; University College London; London UK
| | - L. Clifton-Hadley
- Cancer Research UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre; University College London; London UK
| | - O. Schofield
- Cancer Research UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre; University College London; London UK
| | - A. Lawrie
- Cancer Research UK and UCL Cancer Trials Centre; University College London; London UK
| | - D. Linch
- Department of Hematology; University College London; London UK
| | - M. Hubank
- Centre for Molecular Pathology; Royal Marsden Hospital; London UK
| | - M. Kaiser
- Division of Molecular Pathology; The Institute of Cancer Research; Sutton UK
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Glenn SM, Miles TN, Seroka GN, Xu Y, Forney RK, Yu F, Roarty H, Schofield O, Kohut J. Stratified coastal ocean interactions with tropical cyclones. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10887. [PMID: 26953963 PMCID: PMC4786775 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Hurricane-intensity forecast improvements currently lag the progress achieved for hurricane tracks. Integrated ocean observations and simulations during hurricane Irene (2011) reveal that the wind-forced two-layer circulation of the stratified coastal ocean, and resultant shear-induced mixing, led to significant and rapid ahead-of-eye-centre cooling (at least 6 °C and up to 11 °C) over a wide swath of the continental shelf. Atmospheric simulations establish this cooling as the missing contribution required to reproduce Irene's accelerated intensity reduction. Historical buoys from 1985 to 2015 show that ahead-of-eye-centre cooling occurred beneath all 11 tropical cyclones that traversed the Mid-Atlantic Bight continental shelf during stratified summer conditions. A Yellow Sea buoy similarly revealed significant and rapid ahead-of-eye-centre cooling during Typhoon Muifa (2011). These findings establish that including realistic coastal baroclinic processes in forecasts of storm intensity and impacts will be increasingly critical to mid-latitude population centres as sea levels rise and tropical cyclone maximum intensities migrate poleward. Accurate forecasts of hurricane intensity remain problematic. Here, using an ocean observing network to inform ocean and atmospheric model simulations, the authors show that consideration of ahead-of-eye cooling improves intensity forecasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Glenn
- Center for Ocean Observing Leadership, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - T N Miles
- Center for Ocean Observing Leadership, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - G N Seroka
- Center for Ocean Observing Leadership, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - Y Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan Road North, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - R K Forney
- Center for Ocean Observing Leadership, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - F Yu
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - H Roarty
- Center for Ocean Observing Leadership, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - O Schofield
- Center for Ocean Observing Leadership, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
| | - J Kohut
- Center for Ocean Observing Leadership, Department of Marine and Coastal Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, 71 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901, USA
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Sinclair C, Gaunt E, Simmonds P, Broomfield D, Nwafor N, Wellington L, Templeton K, Willocks L, Schofield O, Harvala H. Atypical hand, foot, and mouth disease associated with coxsackievirus A6 infection, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, January to February 2014. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 19:20745. [PMID: 24698138 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2014.19.12.20745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In January to February 2014, 16 hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) cases were identified in Edinburgh, United Kingdom. All presented with atypical features, with most (n=13) resembling eczema herpeticum or chickenpox. Coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) was identified in all the typed cases (n=11). As atypical forms of HFMD associated with CV-A6 are likely to emerge throughout Europe, clinicians should be alert to unusual clinical presentations of HFMD and virologists aware of effective diagnostic testing and enterovirus typing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sinclair
- Department of Dermatology, Lauriston Building, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Proudfoot L, Powell A, Ayis S, Barbarot S, Baselga Torres E, Deleuran M, Fölster-Holst R, Gelmetti C, Hernández-Martin A, Middelkamp-Hup M, Oranje A, Logan K, Perkins M, Patrizi A, Rovatti G, Schofield O, Spuls P, Svensson Å, Vestergaard C, Wahlgren CF, Schmitt J, Flohr C. The European treatment of severe atopic eczema in children taskforce (TREAT) survey. Br J Dermatol 2013; 169:901-9. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L.E. Proudfoot
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust; London SE1 9RT U.K
| | - A.M. Powell
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust; London SE1 9RT U.K
| | - S. Ayis
- Division of Health and Social Care Research; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust; London SE1 9RT U.K
| | - S. Barbarot
- Department of Dermatology; CHU Hôtel-Dieu; 44035 Nantes France
| | - E. Baselga Torres
- Pediatric Dermatology Unit; Department of Dermatology; Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau; Barcelona Spain
| | - M. Deleuran
- Department of Dermatology; Aarhus University Hospital; Aarhus Denmark
| | - R. Fölster-Holst
- Department of Dermatology; University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein; Kiel Germany
| | - C. Gelmetti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation; University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; Milan Italy
| | | | - M.A. Middelkamp-Hup
- Department of Dermatology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - A.P. Oranje
- Department of Dermatology; Maasstadziekenhuis; Rotterdam the Netherlands
| | - K. Logan
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology; Department of Paediatric Allergy; King's College London; London U.K
| | - M. Perkins
- Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology; Department of Paediatric Allergy; King's College London; London U.K
| | - A. Patrizi
- Dermatology, Department of Specialised, Experimental and Diagnostic Medicine; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - G. Rovatti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation; University of Milan and Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; Milan Italy
| | - O. Schofield
- Department of Dermatology; Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh; Edinburgh U.K
| | - P. Spuls
- Department of Dermatology; Academic Medical Center; Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Å. Svensson
- Department of Dermatology; Institute of Clinical Research in Malmö; Skåne University Hospital; Lund University; Malmö Sweden
| | - C. Vestergaard
- Department of Dermatology; Aarhus University Hospital; Aarhus Denmark
| | - C.-F. Wahlgren
- Dermatology Unit; Department of Medicine Solna; Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - J. Schmitt
- Centre for Evidence-Based Healthcare; University of Dresden; Dresden Germany
- Department of Social and Occupational Medicine; University of Dresden; Dresden Germany
| | - C. Flohr
- St John's Institute of Dermatology; Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust; London SE1 9RT U.K
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Kahl LA, Schofield O, Fraser WR. Autonomous Gliders Reveal Features of the Water Column Associated with Foraging by Adelie Penguins. Integr Comp Biol 2010; 50:1041-50. [DOI: 10.1093/icb/icq098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Montes-Hugo M, Doney SC, Ducklow HW, Fraser W, Martinson D, Stammerjohn SE, Schofield O. Recent Changes in Phytoplankton Communities Associated with Rapid Regional Climate Change Along the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Science 2009; 323:1470-3. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1164533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Suresh E, Doherty V, Schofield O, Goddard C, Dhillon V. Eosinophilic fasciitis and eosinophilic colitis: a rare association. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2005; 44:411-3. [PMID: 15728413 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keh510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
Pseudoporphyria is characterized by erythema, blistering, and scarring on sun-exposed skin. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are implicated in the etiology of this condition. In a 1-year prospective study of children attending the pediatric rheumatology clinic in Edinburgh we found a prevalence of pseudoporphyria of 10.9% in children taking NSAIDs for juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Naproxen was the most commonly implicated NSAID, independent of dosage. Blue/gray eye color was an independent risk factor for the development of pseudoporphyria. We would advise caution in prescribing naproxen in these children to prevent disfiguring facial scarring.
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Affiliation(s)
- B De Silva
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, and Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, Scotland. BDeS2.excite.com
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Basal cell carcinoma is characterized by local invasion, and only rarely metastasizes. The role of the containing basement membrane (BM) in this tumor is unclear. Several BM components have been shown to be absent or significantly reduced in BM surrounding infiltrating tumor. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to examine the expression of epiligrin, a BM-associated glycoprotein, and the integrin chains alpha 3, alpha 6, beta 1, and beta 4 in the basement membranes surrounding basal cell carcinoma. METHODS Samples were obtained from 20 patients with basal cell carcinomas and subjected to a standard avidin biotin complex/alkaline phosphatase immunohistochemical technique using a panel of antibodies. RESULTS There was a consistent abnormality of expression of epiligrin, alpha 6, and beta 4. CONCLUSION We propose that reduced expression of epiligrin is involved in the pathogenesis of the local invasion by tumor and that an altered integrin ratio in basal cell carcinoma enhances tumor spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Schofield
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota Hospital and Clinic, Minneapolis, USA
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Verrando P, Schofield O, Ishida-Yamamoto A, Aberdam D, Partouche O, Eady RA, Ortonne JP. Nicein (BM-600) in junctional epidermolysis bullosa: polyclonal antibodies provide new clues for pathogenic role. J Invest Dermatol 1993; 101:738-43. [PMID: 8228337 DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12371685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We have raised polyclonal antibodies against each of three subunits of the new basement membrane component nicein (formerly BM-600), the antigen recognized by the monoclonal antibody GB3 (Biochem Biophys Acta 942:45-56, 1988). Preparation of such antibodies was achieved from gel electrophoresis purification of nicein isolated by immuno-affinity chromatography. These antibodies were reactive with each transblotted denatured nicein subunit and recognized the native protein both in cultured keratinocytes and in all normal human basement membranes where the GB3 antigen is located. A reciprocal immuno-cross-reactivity was detected with the antibodies directed against the 100-kD and 150-kD (sometimes resolved as a 146-150-kD doublet) subunits of nicein, showing that they share some identical epitopes. In tissues and keratinocyte cultures from patients with the Herlitz form of junctional epidermolysis bullosa (H-JEB), GB3 is unable to recognize nicein, and the question arises whether this is due to an absence of synthesis or a structural abnormality of the protein. We report here that the polyclonal antibody directed against the 150-kD subunit of nicein binds its antigen in H-JEB patients (although usually less intensely than in control skin), whereas the other two antibodies either do not recognize or recognize only weakly their respective antigen subunits. These data suggest that nicein is present but structurally altered in basement membranes from H-JEB tissues. Furthermore, in non-Herlitz junctional and dystrophic types of epidermolysis bullosa, all three polyclonal antibodies recognize their antigens normally. Consequently, such antibodies should serve as potentially useful molecular tools for studying the expression of nicein in H-JEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Verrando
- Laboratoire de Recherches Dermatologiques, UFR de Médecine, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, France
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Jassim A, Schofield O, Whitehead P, Purkis P, Heagerty AH, Sachs JA, Eady RA, Leigh IM. Detection of a novel basement membrane antigen by GDA-J/F3 anti-human sperm fibrous sheath monoclonal antibody. Br J Dermatol 1991; 125:101-7. [PMID: 1911292 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1991.tb06055.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Basement membrane zones (BMZ) of human epithelia were stained with GDA-J/F3 monoclonal antibody, which was originally raised against sperm cells. Using indirect immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques, the antibody reacted with the BMZ of stratified squamous epithelia (skin and its appendages, tongue, lip, oesophagus and cervix). It also stained the BMZ of trachea, nasal ciliated mucosa, some mammary ducts of lactating and resting breast, amnion and ureter but failed to react with that of stomach, ileum, colon, rectum, kidney, liver, fallopian tube, lung or their blood vessels. In testes, the antibody did not react with the BMZ of the seminiferous tubules although the sperm tails were stained. Split-skin immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy localized GDA-J/F3 antigen to the inferior border of the lamina densa of the BMZ. In human foetuses, the epidermally associated antigen was detected at an estimated gestational age of 9 weeks, and in the amnion at 15 weeks. The antibody reacted with tissues from monkey but not from mouse, rat, cow or pig suggesting the late appearance of the antigen during evolution. Although the GDA-J/F3 was difficult to characterize biochemically, its tissue distribution, ontogeny and ultrastructural localization suggests that this antigen may be a type VII collagen-associated protein, whose expression is altered in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. This disease could represent abnormalities in type VII collagen structure, assembly, transport or interaction with associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jassim
- Department of Immunology, London Hospital Medical College
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14
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Verrando P, Blanchet-Bardon C, Pisani A, Thomas L, Cambazard F, Eady RA, Schofield O, Ortonne JP. Monoclonal antibody GB3 defines a widespread defect of several basement membranes and a keratinocyte dysfunction in patients with lethal junctional epidermolysis bullosa. J Transl Med 1991; 64:85-92. [PMID: 1990210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An antigen expressed at the dermal-epidermal junction as well as in some other human basement membranes (BM) has been detected by the use of a monoclonal antibody termed GB3. This antigen, synthesized by cultured normal human keratinocytes, has been identified as a 600-kilodalton glycoprotein different from other known components of BM. Using indirect immunofluorescence, GB3 was found to be not reactive with the epidermal BM in patients with lethal junctional epidermolysis bullosa. The present study demonstrates (by indirect immunofluorescence) that GB3 defines a widespread defect of several BM in these patients. Furthermore, it gives evidences for an intrinsic biologic defect of lethal junctional epidermolysis bullosa epidermal keratinocytes using in vitro culture of these cells. Whether the lack of GB3 reactivity is the consequence of a true absence of the antigen or an alteration of its molecular structure is not yet known. Nevertheless, GB3 is a useful probe for both rapid and prenatal diagnosis of lethal junctional epidermolysis bullosa, which will give new insights into the molecular comprehension of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Verrando
- Laboratoire de Recherches Dermatologiques, UER Médecine, Nice, France
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Abstract
Subjects with positive skin-prick tests to house dust mite (HDM) solution, including those with and without atopic dermatitis, participated in a double-blind, controlled study of the role of HDM exposure in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. HDM solution and diluent control were applied daily to mildly eczematous or clinically uninvolved skin of the antecubital or popliteal fossae, without prior abrasion, for 5 days. Responses were assessed by a clinical grading system and by measurement of area of dermatitis; pruritus was recorded on visual analogue scales. The clinical grading system showed that marked or moderate delayed local reactions developed in one third of patients with atopic dermatitis in response to HDM application to both mildly eczematous and clinically uninvolved skin. Relative to control sites, significant increases in area of dermatitis and degree of pruritus were also recorded in response to HDM application to mildly eczematous sites. Application of HDM solution to normal, unabraded skin of prick test positive subjects without a history of dermatitis, produced pruritus and immediate urticarial responses which were not seen at control sites, findings which demonstrate that HDM antigen may be rapidly absorbed in normal skin. Application of vehicle or antigen solution to which subjects were negative on prick testing, produced no significant local reactions. This study provides objective evidence for a role for cutaneous HDM exposure in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Norris
- Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, United Medical School, London, U.K
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Maurice PD, Schofield O, Griffiths WA. Cheyletiella dermatitis: a case report and the role of specific immunological hypersensitivity in its pathogenesis. Clin Exp Dermatol 1987; 12:381-4. [PMID: 3446428 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.1987.tb02517.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Norris PG, Schofield O, Dowd PM, Greaves MW. Response of psoriatic lesions to multiple applications of leukotriene B4 and 12-HETE. Dermatologica 1987; 174:219-23. [PMID: 3034690 DOI: 10.1159/000249183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Single topical application of the neutrophil chemoattractant arachidonic acid metabolites leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and 12-R,S-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid [corrected] (12-HETE) to normal skin elicits a histological response similar to early psoriasis. This effect diminishes following repeated application indicating the development of local tolerance. In order to assess whether induction of tolerance could be exploited as a treatment for psoriasis we studied the clinical effects of topical application of LTB4 (n = 6) and 12-HETE (n = 3) under occlusion to small psoriatic lesions for 12 consecutive days. The area of the control lesions decreased significantly over the study period while the areas of lesions to which LTB4 and 12-HETE were applied remained unchanged. No other difference between responses of the three groups was detected. We have shown that, in the doses used, multiple applications of these substances to established stable psoriatic lesions do not produce a therapeutically useful response.
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