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Sachsenheimer FE, Yang I, Zimmermann O, Wrede C, Müller LV, Gunka K, Groß U, Suerbaum S. Genomic and phenotypic diversity of Clostridium difficile during long-term sequential recurrences of infection. Int J Med Microbiol 2018; 308:364-377. [PMID: 29490877 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with the emerging pathogen Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile might lead to colonization of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and mammals eventually resulting in antibiotic-associated diarrhea, which can be mild to possibly life-threatening. Recurrences after antibiotic treatment have been described in 15-30% of the cases and are either caused by the original (relapse) or by new strains (reinfection). In this study, we describe a patient with ongoing recurrent C. difficile infections over 13 months. During this time, ten C. difficile strains of six different ribotypes could be isolated that were further characterized by phenotypic and genomic analyses including motility and sporulation assays, growth fitness and antibiotic susceptibility as well as whole-genome sequencing. PCR ribotyping of the isolates confirmed that the recurrences were a mixture of relapses and reinfections. One recurrence was due to a mixed infection with three different strains of two different ribotypes. Furthermore, genomes were sequenced and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) was carried out, which identified the strains as members of sequence types (STs) 10, 11, 14 and 76. Comparison of the genomes of isolates of the same ST originating from recurrent CDI (relapses) indicated little within-patient microevolution and some concurrent within-patient diversity of closely related strains. Isolates of ribotype 126 that are binary toxin positive differed from other ribotypes in various phenotypic aspects including motility, sporulation behavior and cell morphology. Ribotype 126 is genetically related to ribotype 078 that has been associated with increased virulence. Isolates of the ribotype 126 exhibited elongated cells and a chaining phenotype, which was confirmed by membrane staining and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, this strain exhibits a sinking behavior in liquid medium in stationary growth phase. Taken together, our observation has proven multiple CDI recurrences that were based on a mixture of relapses and reinfections.
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Affiliation(s)
- F E Sachsenheimer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Kreuzbergring 57, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - I Yang
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, Germany; Lower Saxony Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Implant Research and Development, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Materials Science, Hannover Medical School, Stadtfelddamm 34, Hannover, Germany
| | - O Zimmermann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Kreuzbergring 57, Göttingen, Germany
| | - C Wrede
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, Germany
| | - L V Müller
- National Consulting Laboratory for Clostridium difficile, Germany
| | - K Gunka
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Kreuzbergring 57, Göttingen, Germany
| | - U Groß
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Kreuzbergring 57, Göttingen, Germany
| | - S Suerbaum
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, Hannover, Germany; Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Pettenkoferstr. 9a, 80336 Munich, Germany; DZIF German Center for Infection Research, Hannover-Braunschweig and Munich Partner Sites, Germany
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2
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Niendorf S, Jacobsen S, Faber M, Eis-Hübinger AM, Hofmann J, Zimmermann O, Höhne M, Bock CT. Steep rise in norovirus cases and emergence of a new recombinant strain GII.P16-GII.2, Germany, winter 2016. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 22:30447. [PMID: 28181902 PMCID: PMC5388089 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2017.22.4.30447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Since early November 2016, the number of laboratory-confirmed norovirus infections reported in Germany has been increasing steeply. Here, we report the detection and genetic characterisation of an emerging norovirus recombinant, GII.P16-GII.2. This strain was frequently identified as the cause of sporadic cases as well as outbreaks in nine federal states of Germany. Our findings suggest that the emergence of GII.P16-GII.2 contributed to rising case numbers of norovirus gastroenteritis in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Niendorf
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Consultant Laboratory for Noroviruses, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Jacobsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Consultant Laboratory for Noroviruses, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Faber
- Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - A M Eis-Hübinger
- Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Centre, Bonn, Germany
| | - J Hofmann
- Institute of Medical Virology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, and Labor Berlin, Charité-Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - O Zimmermann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Höhne
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany.,Consultant Laboratory for Noroviruses, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - C T Bock
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Robert Koch-Institute, Berlin, Germany
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Donné AJH, de Bock MFM, Classen IGJ, Von Hellermann MG, Jakubowska K, Jaspers R, Barth CJ, Van Der Meiden HJ, Oyevaar T, Van De Pol MJ, Varshney SK, Bertschinger G, Biel W, Busch C, Finken KH, Koslowski HR, KrÄmer-Flecken A, Kreter A, Liang Y, Oosterbeek H, Zimmermann O, Telesca G, Verdoolaege G, Domier CW, Luhmann NC, Mazzucato E, Munsat T, Park H, Kantor M, Kouprienko D, Alexeev A, Ohdachi S, Korsholm S, Woskov P, Bindslev H, Meo F, Michelsen PK, Michelsen S, Nielsen SK, Tsakadze E, Shmaenok L. Overview of Core Diagnostics for TEXTOR. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst05-a702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. J. H. Donné
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - M. F. M. de Bock
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - I. G. J. Classen
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - M. G. Von Hellermann
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - K. Jakubowska
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - R. Jaspers
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - C. J. Barth
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - H. J. Van Der Meiden
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - T. Oyevaar
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - M. J. Van De Pol
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - S. K. Varshney
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, NL-3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - G. Bertschinger
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - W. Biel
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - C. Busch
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - K. H. Finken
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - H. R. Koslowski
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A. KrÄmer-Flecken
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - A. Kreter
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Y. Liang
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - H. Oosterbeek
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - O. Zimmermann
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, Trilateral Euregio Cluster D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | | | | | - C. W. Domier
- University of California at Davis, Davis, California
| | - N. C. Luhmann
- University of California at Davis, Davis, California
| | - E. Mazzucato
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - T. Munsat
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - H. Park
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey
| | - M. Kantor
- Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - D. Kouprienko
- Ioffe Physico-Technical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - S. Ohdachi
- National Institute for Fusion Studies, Toki, Japan
| | - S. Korsholm
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - P. Woskov
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - F. Meo
- Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark
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Seugendo M, Mshana SE, Hokororo A, Okamo B, Mirambo MM, von Müller L, Gunka K, Zimmermann O, Groß U. Clostridium difficile infections among adults and children in Mwanza/Tanzania: is it an underappreciated pathogen among immunocompromised patients in sub-Saharan Africa? New Microbes New Infect 2015; 8:99-102. [PMID: 26649183 PMCID: PMC4644260 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 09/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Little is known regarding the epidemiology Clostridium difficile in developing countries. Fresh stool samples from patients with diarrhoea were cultured anaerobically. C. difficile was detected in nine (6.4%) of 141 (95% confidence interval 4.2–13.1), of which seven (77.8%) were from children. HIV infection, prolonged hospitalization and antibiotic use were independent factors associated with the occurrence of C. difficile in the gastrointestinal tract. Two of the toxigenic isolates were typed as ribotype 045, and the other two had unknown ribotype. All C. difficile isolates were susceptible to metronidazole, moxifloxacin and clarithromycin, while three isolates were resistant to clarithromycin. C. difficile may be an important pathogen causing diarrhoea in sub-Saharan Africa among immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Seugendo
- Department of Pediatric and Child Health, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - S E Mshana
- Department of Microbiology, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - A Hokororo
- Department of Pediatric and Child Health, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - B Okamo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - M M Mirambo
- Department of Microbiology, Weill Bugando School of Medicine, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - L von Müller
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, German Reference Laboratory for Clostridium difficile Saarland University Medical Center, Germany
| | - K Gunka
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - O Zimmermann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - U Groß
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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5
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Korsten P, Vasko R, Gross O, Schrempf LE, Zimmermann O, Schulze MH, Müller GA. [Endophthalmitis, liver abscess, and cerebral and pulmonary emboli in a 48-year-old Vietnamese man]. Internist (Berl) 2015; 55:722-5. [PMID: 24682317 DOI: 10.1007/s00108-014-3484-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present the case of a 48-year-old Vietnamese man with endophthalmitis, liver abscess, and pulmonary and cerebral septic emboli. Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated as the causative organism; there were no laboratory findings suggestive of invasive fungal infection. Klebsiella pneumoniae invasive syndrome is a rare disease in Germany. This case report exemplifies the necessity of a dedicated diagnostic approach that takes into consideration factors such as ethnic origin and accompanying diseases of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Korsten
- Klinik für Nephrologie und Rheumatologie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Deutschland,
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Zimmermann O, Homann J, Bangert A, Rottbauer W, Torzewski J, Katus H, Lorenz HM, Kaya Z. P240Use of IL-10 overexpressing macrophages for targeted anti-inflammatory therapy in humans - benefit of the M2 polarization? Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu082.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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7
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Li K, Radermacher M, Kächele M, Röcker C, Pott A, Manolov D, Ito W, Nienhaus U, Torzewski J, Zimmermann O, Wiehe J, Bienek-Ziolkowski M, Ruland H, Vogt K. 139 LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN ENHANCES C-REACTIVE PROTEIN-MEDIATED FCγ RECEPTOR SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION IN MACROPHAGES BUT NOT IN MONOCYTES. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(11)70140-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Stoiber K, Kropf C, Lanzinger M, Rüdiger S, Wibmer T, Zimmermann O, Schumann C. Schwere endobronchiale Aspergillose unter antimykotischer Therapie mit Anidulafungin bei pulmonaler Aspergillose - eine seltene Manifestation. Pneumologie 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1272156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Liang Y, Koslowski HR, Thomas PR, Nardon E, Alper B, Andrew P, Andrew Y, Arnoux G, Baranov Y, Bécoulet M, Beurskens M, Biewer T, Bigi M, Crombe K, De La Luna E, de Vries P, Fundamenski W, Gerasimov S, Giroud C, Gryaznevich MP, Hawkes N, Hotchin S, Howell D, Jachmich S, Kiptily V, Moreira L, Parail V, Pinches SD, Rachlew E, Zimmermann O. Active control of type-I edge-localized modes with n=1 perturbation fields in the JET tokamak. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:265004. [PMID: 17678097 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.265004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Type-I edge-localized modes (ELMs) have been mitigated at the JET tokamak using a static external n=1 perturbation field generated by four error field correction coils located far from the plasma. During the application of the n=1 field the ELM frequency increased by a factor of 4 and the amplitude of the D(alpha) signal decreased. The energy loss per ELM normalized to the total stored energy, DeltaW/W, dropped to values below 2%. Transport analyses shows no or only a moderate (up to 20%) degradation of energy confinement time during the ELM mitigation phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liang
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Association EURATOM-FZ Jülich, Institut für Plasmaphysik, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
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Neuhaus T, Zimmermann O, Hansmann UHE. Ring polymer simulations with global radius of curvature. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2007; 75:051803. [PMID: 17677089 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.75.051803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2006] [Revised: 11/23/2006] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We simulate three-dimensional flexible off-lattice ring polymers of length L up to L=4000 for various values of the global radius of curvature Rgrc=0.25 , 0.48, and 1.0 and Rgrc=2.0 . We utilize two different ensembles: one with a delta -function constraint on the radius, and the other with a theta -function. For both cases the global radius of curvature provides a valid regularization of polymers with thickness D=2Rgrc . The Flory-type critical exponent nu SAW of self-avoiding rings at D=2 is found to be nu SAW=0.5869(5) from the radii of gyration chain length scaling, while other D values produce consistent results. For our current implementation, the numerical effort of chain thickness calculations is bounded by a number O(LlnL) per single update. We also study low-temperature configurations of spatially dense Lennard-Jones homopolymers on a ring and identify some conformational building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Neuhaus
- John von Neumann Institute for Computing, FZ Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
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Finken KH, Abdullaev SS, Jakubowski MW, de Bock MFM, Bozhenkov S, Busch C, von Hellermann M, Jaspers R, Kikuchi Y, Krämer-Flecken A, Lehnen M, Schega D, Schmitz O, Spatschek KH, Unterberg B, Wingen A, Wolf RC, Zimmermann O. Improved confinement due to open ergodic field lines imposed by the dynamic ergodic divertor in TEXTOR. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 98:065001. [PMID: 17358951 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.065001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2006] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The ergodization of the magnetic field lines imposed by the dynamic ergodic diverter (DED) in TEXTOR can lead both to confinement improvement and to confinement deterioration. The cases of substantial improvement are in resonant ways related to particular conditions in which magnetic flux tubes starting at the X points of induced islands are connected with the wall. This opening process is connected with a characteristic modification of the heat deposition pattern at the divertor target plate and leads to a substantial increase and steepening of the core plasma density and pressure. The improvement is tentatively attributed to a modification of the electric potential in the plasma carried by the open field lines. The confinement improvement bases on a spontaneous density built up due to the application of the DED and is primarily a particle confinement improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Finken
- Trilateral Euregio Cluster, Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
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Kikuchi Y, de Bock MFM, Finken KH, Jakubowski M, Jaspers R, Koslowski HR, Kraemer-Flecken A, Lehnen M, Liang Y, Matsunaga G, Reiser D, Wolf RC, Zimmermann O. Forced magnetic reconnection and field penetration of an externally applied rotating helical magnetic field in the TEXTOR tokamak. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:085003. [PMID: 17026312 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.085003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic field penetration process into a magnetized plasma is of basic interest both for plasma physics and astrophysics. In this context special measurements on the field penetration and field amplification are performed by a Hall probe on the dynamic ergodic divertor (DED) on the TEXTOR tokamak and the data are interpreted by a two-fluid plasma model. It is observed that the growth of the forced magnetic reconnection by the rotating DED field is accompanied by a change of the plasma fluid rotation. The differential rotation frequency between the DED field and the plasma plays an important role in the process of the excitation of tearing modes. The momentum input from the rotating DED field to the plasma is interpreted by both a ponderomotive force at the rational surface and a radial electric field modified by an edge ergodization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Kikuchi
- Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, EURATOM Association, D-52425, Germany
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13
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Krämer-Flecken A, Soldatov S, Koslowski HR, Zimmermann O. Properties of geodesic acoustic modes and the relation to density fluctuations. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:045006. [PMID: 16907585 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.045006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The geodesic acoustic mode (GAM) is a high frequency branch of zonal flows, which is observed in toroidal plasmas. Because of toroidal curvature effects, density fluctuations are excited, which are investigated with the O-mode correlation reflectometer at TEXTOR. This Letter reports on the poloidal distribution of GAM induced density fluctuation and compares them with theoretical predictions. The influence of the GAM flows on the ambient turbulence is studied, too.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Krämer-Flecken
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, EURATOM Association, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
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14
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Lennon AM, Buchalla W, Brune L, Zimmermann O, Gross U, Attin T. The ability of selected oral microorganisms to emit red fluorescence. Caries Res 2006; 40:2-5. [PMID: 16352873 DOI: 10.1159/000088898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2005] [Accepted: 04/29/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Some novel caries detection and excavation devices rely on the ability of bacteria to produce red fluorescing compounds. The aim of this study was to examine the ability of selected oral microorganisms to emit red fluorescence. Streptococcus mutans, S. oralis, S. salivarius, S. sobrinus, Lactobacillus fermentans, L. casei, L. rhamnosus, Actinomyces naeslundi, A. israelii, Prevotella intermedia, and Fusobacterium nucleatum were inoculated onto Columbia agar with haemin and vitamin K and incubated anaerobically for up to 7 days in the dark. The resulting bacterial colonies were excited using filtered xenon light (405 +/- 20 nm) and digitally photographed through a 530-nm high-pass filter. The red and green portions of the colony fluorescence were analyzed using a computer program and the red/green ratio was calculated. All colonies emitted both red and green fluorescence. The green outweighed the red portion for the following species (in descending order) S. oralis, S. salivarius, S. mutans, F. nucleatum and S. sobrinus. The red portion was higher for the following species (in descending order) P. intermedia, A. naeslundi, A. israelii, L. fermentans, L. rhamnosus and L. casei. With all the bacteria examined, one color portion generally outweighed the other, giving the visual impression of either red or green fluorescence. We conclude that red fluorescence is well suited to detection of the bacteria which cause dentin caries but it is not suitable as an indicator of the presence and activity of the streptococci involved in initial caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Lennon
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Preventive Dentistry and Periodontology, Georg August University Gottingen, Germany.
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Wiehe JMI, Zimmermann O, Greiner J, Homann JM, Wiesneth M, Hombach V, Torzewski J. Labeling of adult stem cells for in vivo-application in the human heart. Histol Histopathol 2005; 20:901-6. [PMID: 15944941 DOI: 10.14670/hh-20.901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tissue regeneration with human hematopoietic or mesenchymal stem cells has become a fashionable research topic. In cardiology, intracoronary injection of adult stem cells has already been used for the treatment of human myocardial infarction and ischemic cardiomyopathy. The experimental background of such therapies, however, i.e. the potential of adult stem cells to regenerate myocardium through "transdifferentiation" of hematopoietic or mesenchymal stem cells into cardiomyocytes described in animal models, has recently been challenged by other experimental data. Nonetheless, clinical trials are continuing. This may be due to the fact that, in open-labeled pilot trials, a benefit of intracoronary injection of adult stem cells for the treatment of myocardial infarction has been described. As pilot trials may overemphasize the beneficial effects of intracoronary injection of bone marrow stem cells, controlled double-blinded randomised multicenter studies are warranted. Furthermore, a careful characterization of the cells involved in the proposed cardiac repair as well as in vivo-monitoring of such cells following intracoronary injection in humans might help to answer many essential questions linked to this important research topic. The latter requires biocompatible labeling. This review focuses on the technologies available for stem cell labeling and summarizes the arguments and contra-arguments to use these labeling technologies for application in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M I Wiehe
- Department of Internal Medicine II-Cardiology, University of Ulm, Robert Koch Strasse 8, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Liang Y, Koslowski HR, Kelly FA, Tokar MZ, Loozen X, Bertschinger G, Biel W, Finken KH, Jakubowski MW, Krämer-Flecken A, Zimmermann O, Lehnen M, Sergienko G, Wolf RC. Influence of the dynamic ergodic divertor on the density limit in TEXTOR. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:105003. [PMID: 15783492 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.105003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A significant influence of the dynamic ergodic divertor (DED) on the density limit in TEXTOR has been found. In Ohmic discharges, where without DED detachment normally arises at the density limit, a MARFE (multifaceted asymmetric radiation from the edge) develops when the DED is operated in a static regime. The threshold of the MARFE onset in the neutral beam heated plasmas is increased by applying 1 kHz ac DED at the high-field side. The theoretical predictions based on the parallel energy balance taking poloidal asymmetries into account agree well with the experimental observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Liang
- Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Association FZJ-EURATOM, 52425, Jülich Germany
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Finken KH, Abdullaev SS, de Bock MFM, von Hellermann M, Jakubowski M, Jaspers R, Koslowski HR, Krämer-Flecken A, Lehnen M, Liang Y, Nicolai A, Wolf RC, Zimmermann O, de Baar M, Bertschinger G, Biel W, Brezinsek S, Busch C, Donné AJH, Esser HG, Farshi E, Gerhauser H, Giesen B, Harting D, Hoekzema JA, Hogeweij GMD, Hüttemann PW, Jachmich S, Jakubowska K, Kalupin D, Kelly F, Kikuchi Y, Kirschner A, Koch R, Korten M, Kreter A, Krom J, Kruezi U, Lazaros A, Litnovsky A, Loozen X, Lopes Cardozo NJ, Lyssoivan A, Marchuk O, Matsunaga G, Mertens P, Messiaen A, Neubauer O, Noda N, Philipps V, Pospieszczyk A, Reiser D, Reiter D, Rogister AL, Sakamoto M, Savtchkov A, Samm U, Schmitz O, Schorn RP, Schweer B, Schüller FC, Sergienko G, Spatschek KH, Telesca G, Tokar M, Uhlemann R, Unterberg B, Van Oost G, Van Rompuy T, Van Wassenhove G, Westerhof E, Weynants R, Wiesen S, Xu YH. Toroidal plasma rotation induced by the dynamic ergodic divertor in the TEXTOR tokamak. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:015003. [PMID: 15698091 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.015003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The first results of the Dynamic Ergodic Divertor in TEXTOR, when operating in the m/n=3/1 mode configuration, are presented. The deeply penetrating external magnetic field perturbation of this configuration increases the toroidal plasma rotation. Staying below the excitation threshold for the m/n=2/1 tearing mode, this toroidal rotation is always in the direction of the plasma current, even if the toroidal projection of the rotating magnetic field perturbation is in the opposite direction. The observed toroidal rotation direction is consistent with a radial electric field, generated by an enhanced electron transport in the ergodic layers near the resonances of the perturbation. This is an effect different from theoretical predictions, which assume a direct coupling between rotating perturbation and plasma to be the dominant effect of momentum transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Finken
- Trilateral Euregio Cluster: Institut für Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, EURATOM Association, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
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Zimmermann O, Krüger U, Kretschmer L, Zutt M. Operative Sanierung florider venöser Ulzera. Phlebologie 2003. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1621457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungZiel: Die vorliegende Qualitätssicherungsstudie soll die Häufigkeit von Wundinfekten nach operativen Eingriffen wegen floridem Ulcus cruris venosum an der Abteilung Dermatologie der Universität Göttingen erfassen. Außerdem wird die präoperative Besiedlung der stationär vorbehandelten Ulzera mit pathogenen Mikroorganismen dargestellt. Methoden: 59 Patienten mit Ulcus cruris venosum wurden 95 operativen Eingriffen unterzogen (46-mal einseitig, 13-mal beidseitig; insgesamt 75 Operationen am oberflächlichen Venensystem und 20 paratibiale Fasziotomien). Allen Patienten wurde eine am präoperativen Antibiogramm orientierte perioperative antibiotische Prophylaxe (PAP) als Einmalgabe verabreicht. Ergebnisse: Präoperativ wurde auf den Ulzera am häufigsten eine Besiedlung durch Staphylococcus aureus, gefolgt von Proteus mirabilis, nachgewiesen. In 3 Fällen (5,1%) wurden Methicillin-resistente Staphylokokken gefunden. Cefazolin und Ciprofloxacin waren die häufigsten zur PAP verabreichten Antibiotika. Insgesamt beobachteten wir bei 5 von 59 Patienten (8,5%) postoperative Wundinfekte, in 3 Fällen waren die präoperativ nachgewiesenen pathogenen Keime Ursache der Wundinfektion. Schlussfolgerung: Der Prozentsatz postoperativer Wundinfekte nach Sanierung venöser Ulzera unter dem Schutz einer am präoperativen Antibiogramm orientierten PAP ist mit 8,5% vertretbar.
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Kretschmer L, Zimmermann O, Stein A, Sebastian G. [Perioperative antibiotic therapy in dermatology. Guidelines of the Commission for Quality Assurance of the German Dermatology Society and the Professional Association of Surgical and Oncological Dermatology]. Hautarzt 2001; 52:609-14. [PMID: 11475641 DOI: 10.1007/s001050170100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Kretschmer
- Abteilung Dermatologie und Venerologie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, von-Siebold-Strasse 3, 37075 Göttingen.
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Zimmermann O. [Diagnosis of Clostridium difficile as cause of diarrhea]. Internist (Berl) 1999; 40:884. [PMID: 10476491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- O Zimmermann
- Hygiene-Institut der Georg-August-Universität, Abteilung Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Göttingen
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Dong F, Spott S, Zimmermann O, Kisters-Woike B, Müller-Hill B, Barker A. Dimerisation mutants of Lac repressor. I. A monomeric mutant, L251A, that binds Lac operator DNA as a dimer. J Mol Biol 1999; 290:653-66. [PMID: 10395821 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1999.2902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Dimer formation between monomers of the Escherichia coli Lac repressor is substantially specificed by the interactions between three alpha-helices in each monomer which form a hydrophobic interface. As a first step in analysing the specificity of this interaction, we examined the mutant L251A. LacR bearing this mutation in a background lacking the C-terminal heptad repeats is completely incapable of forming dimers in solution, with a dimer-monomer equilibrium dissociation constant, or Kd, higher than 10(-5)M. This correlates with a 200-fold decrease in its ability to repress the lac operon in vivo compared to dimeric LacR. Surprisingly, the mutant is still capable of forming dimers upon binding to short operator DNA in vitro. Analysis of the kinetic parameters of binding of the mutant to operator DNA reveals a 2000 to 3000-fold increase in the equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of the mutant-DNA complex in comparison to dimeric LacR-operator complexes, with the change almost entirely due to a greater than 1000-fold decrease in association rate. The dissociation rate varies only by a factor of about two, in comparison to dimeric LacR. This change reflects a kinetic pathway in which dimer formation, in solution or on DNA, is the rate-limiting step. These findings have implications for the specificity and stability of the protein-protein interface in question.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Dong
- Institut für Genetik der Universität zu Köln, Köln, Weyertal 121, 50931, Germany
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Zimmermann O, Spröer C, Kroppenstedt RM, Fuchs E, Köchel HG, Funke G. Corynebacterium thomssenii sp. nov., a Corynebacterium with N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity from human clinical specimens. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1998; 48 Pt 2:489-94. [PMID: 9731289 DOI: 10.1099/00207713-48-2-489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A strain of a previously undescribed non-lipophilic coryneform bacterium was isolated from pleural fluids of a patient with chronic renal failure, stroke and pneumonia. Slow fermentative acid production from glucose, maltose and sucrose, and strong N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase activity were the most characteristic features of the bacterium. Chemotaxonomic characterization unambiguously indicated that the organism belonged to the genus Corynebacterium. The results of comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the isolate represented a new species within the genus, for which the name Corynebacterium thomssenii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DSM 44276.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Zimmermann
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Göttingen, Germany
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Yassin AF, Rainey FA, Burghardt J, Brzezinka H, Schmitt S, Seifert P, Zimmermann O, Mauch H, Gierth D, Lux I, Schaal KP. Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens sp. nov. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1997; 47:607-14. [PMID: 9226890 DOI: 10.1099/00207713-47-3-607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemotaxonomic and 16S ribosomal DNA sequence analyses of four bacterial isolates from blood cultures from patients with cardiac pacemaker implants and sputa of patients with chronic lung infections clearly demonstrated that these bacteria belong to the genus Tsukamurella. DNA-DNA hybridization data, as well as the physiological characteristics of the isolates, indicate that they are closely related and belong to a single species that differs from previously described members of the genus Tsukamurella. The name Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens sp. nov. is proposed for these isolates, and the new species is represented by strain IMMIB D-1397T (= DSM 44234T). Strain IMMIB D-1397T exhibits 53.4, 53.5, and 54.7% DNA-DNA relatedness to Tsukamurella paurometabola DSM 20162T, Tsukamurella inchonensis DSM 44067T, and Tsukamurella pulmonis DSM 44142T, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Yassin
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Immunologie, Universität Bonn, Germany
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Weidner W, Floren E, Zimmermann O, Thiele D, Ludwig M. Chlamydial antibodies in semen: search for "silent" chlamydial infections in asymptomatic andrological patients. Infection 1996; 24:309-13. [PMID: 8875283 DOI: 10.1007/bf01743366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The importance of a serological diagnostic workup in male genitourinary infections with Chlamydia trachomatis and its relevance for male infertility is still under debate. In a prospective study, antichlamydial serum and seminal plasma antibodies of 131 consecutive patients (mean age 31: 20-57) without evidence of acute urethritis and with negative urethral chlamydial culture were investigated. The antibody determination was carried out with a genus specific rELISA. In patients with positive seminal plasma IgA, chlamydial genome was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results were associated with standard semen parameters according to evaluated WHO guidelines. Specific serum IgG antibodies were found in 51 patients (38.9%), IgA in 39 (29.7%); both antibodies were present in 25 patients (19%). Seminal plasma IgG was demonstrable in seven patients (5.3%), IgA in 26 (19.9%), and five patients were positive for both antibody classes (3.8%). Of the 26 men positive for specific seminal plasma IgA antibodies 12 did not demonstrate a serum antibody reaction. Only two patients with positive IgA titers in their seminal plasma showed a positive chlamydial genome reaction in PCR (8%). Men with antichlamydial seminal plasma IgA and/or IgG did not differ significantly in any of the standard semen sperm parameters from men testing negative for antibodies, with the exception of peroxidase positive leukocytes (p < 0.01), nor was there an association between any of the ejaculate parameters and any of the antibody titers. The data of about 40% antichlamydial serum antibody findings without a significant association with seminal plasma antibodies and no clinical signs of infection seem to reflect a history of urogenital infection. The unique presence of seminal plasma IgA in 12 of 26 cases may be caused by a local antibody response due to a "silent" infection. Thus, seminal plasma IgA was associated with signs of inflammation, whereas, there was no association with genome or pathogen demonstration. Therefore, it appears to be necessary to reevaluate genus-specific seminal plasma IgA antibodies with a species-specific microimmunofluorescence test and to compare these results with a genome screening using PCR or in situ hybridization.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Weidner
- Urologische Klinik, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Giessen, Germany
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Witte W, Cuny C, Zimmermann O, Rüchel R, Höpken M, Fischer R, Wagner S. Stability of genomic DNA fragment patterns in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) during the course of intra- and interhospital spread. Eur J Epidemiol 1994; 10:743-8. [PMID: 7672057 DOI: 10.1007/bf01719292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of genomic DNA fragment patterns has revealed as a powerful tool for strain discrimination in Staphylococcus aureus; for use as an epidemiological marker, stability during the course of an outbreak is an essential prerequisite. Genomic DNA fragment patterns (SmaI restriction, pulsed-field electrophoresis) of four different epidemic MRSA strains were compared along with intra- and interhospital and country-wide spread over more than 12 months in Germany. Strain I was isolated from infections in 8 hospitals. In one hospital a subclone arised which differed from the original strain by 4 fragments. Strain II was spread among 4 hospitals, isolates from three of these hospitals exhibited a variability of one to three fragments in the 150-200 kb range. Two hospitals in the Hannover-area were affected by strain III; in 17 isolates of this strain a variability up to three fragments was found in the 170-200 kb range. Strain IV was isolated from 19 cases of infections in 3 hospitals in Berlin. The fragment patterns were completely stable. When S. aureus strains are typed by genomic DNA fragment patterns, a variability in a definite range of molecular masses during the course of an epidemic should be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Witte
- Robert Koch-Institute, Wernigerode, Germany
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Ludwig M, Weidner W, Schroeder-Printzen I, Zimmermann O, Ringert RH. Transrectal prostatic sonography as a useful diagnostic means for patients with chronic prostatitis or prostatodynia. Br J Urol 1994; 73:664-8. [PMID: 8032834 DOI: 10.1111/j.1464-410x.1994.tb07553.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the sonographic changes that occur in patients with chronic prostatitis and compare them with those of non-inflammatory prostatodynia using transrectal prostatic sonography (TPS). PATIENTS AND METHODS In a prospective study, TPS findings were analysed in 88 men with chronic prostatitis and 53 patients with prostatodynia, all of whom had undergone a standardized diagnostic procedure to detect inflammation. RESULTS A statistically significant accumulation of prostatic calcifications and unilateral seminal gland alterations was demonstrated in patients with chronic inflammation. Nevertheless, both findings were also present in patients with prostatodynia (22% and 11%, respectively). CONCLUSION TPS is widely recommended for differential diagnosis in cases of chronic prostatitis and prostatodynia. Prostatic calcifications and seminal vesical abnormalities are regarded as typical signs of inflammation. The results of this study show that these sonographic abnormalities are indicative but do not prove the presence of chronic prostatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ludwig
- Medical School, Department of Urology, University of Göttingen, Germany
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Weber KA, Zimmermann O, Michulla R. [Diphtheria--isolation of an endemic Corynebacterium diphtheriae strain in Southern Lower Saxony]. Gesundheitswesen 1993; 55:657-60. [PMID: 8111165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
After decades of only limited epidemiological and clinical importance diphtheria (especially of the upper respiratory tract) is regaining increasing interest of public health officials, as recent case reports in national and international publications clearly demonstrate. In March 1993 we observed a case of tracheobronchial Corynebacterium diphtheriae mitis infection in a 66-year old man from the South of Lower Saxony with clinical presentation of mucopurolent exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. The C. diphtheriae mitis strain was identified by microbiological and biochemical tests; however, its expression of toxin remains scientifically controversial. Investigations by the local public health officer suggest an endemic strain of C. diphtheriae. In this paper case report and results of investigations by the local public health officer are described in detail, stressing the need for widespread preventive inoculation not only in the younger but especially in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Weber
- Gesundheitsamt des Landkreises Holzminden
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Abstract
A case of Candida tropicalis endophthalmitis following penetrating keratoplasty is presented. The donor was an alcoholic, who died of bronchopneumonia and pancreatitis. We presume the candida infection was transmitted by the donor because Candida tropicalis was cultured in life from the donor's throat swab and corresponding fungal elements were discovered post mortem in kidney sections of the donor.
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Abstract
After careful preoperative disinfection of the periorbita, the eye, and the lids, cultures were taken from the upper and lower lash bases of 100 patients waiting for intraocular operations. Despite the careful disinfection 36% of the cultures from the upper and 48% of those from the lower lash bases were positive. A method of covering the lids adequately with adhesive material is recommended as a means of avoiding this potential source of infection.
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Zimmermann O. [Therapeutic communication on the clinical testing of a new venous gel]. ZFA (Stuttgart) 1977; 53:510-1. [PMID: 324167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Zimmermann O. [Therapy of oral and pharyngeal diseases with a combined bismuth preparation]. Z Allgemeinmed 1971; 47:1052. [PMID: 5106068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Zimmermann O. [Therapy of whooping cough with Myo-echinacin]. Hippokrates 1969; 40:233-5. [PMID: 5816654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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