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Mortensen M, Krall J, Kongstad KT, Brygger BM, Lenzi O, Francotte P, Sørensen TE, Nielsen B, Jensen AA, Smart TG, Frølund B. Developing New 4-PIOL and 4-PHP Analogues for Photoinactivation of γ-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptors. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4669-4684. [PMID: 31589403 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The critical roles played by GABAA receptors as inhibitory regulators of excitation in the central nervous system has been known for many years. Aberrant GABAA receptor function and trafficking deficits have also been associated with several diseases including anxiety, depression, epilepsy, and insomnia. As a consequence, important drug groups such as the benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and many general anesthetics have become established as modulators of GABAA receptor activity. Nevertheless, there is much we do not understand about the roles and mechanisms of GABAA receptors at neural network and systems levels. It is therefore crucial to develop novel technologies and especially chemical entities that can interrogate GABAA receptor function in the nervous system. Here, we describe the chemistry and characterization of a novel set of 4-PIOL and 4-PHP analogues synthesized with the aim of developing a toolkit of drugs that can photoinactivate GABAA receptors. Most of these new analogues show higher affinities/potencies compared with the respective lead compounds. This is indicative of cavernous areas being present near their binding sites that can be potentially associated with novel receptor interactions. The 4-PHP azide-analogue, 2d, possesses particularly impressive nanomolar affinity/potency and is an effective UV-inducible photoinhibitor of GABAA receptors with considerable potential for photocontrol of GABAA receptor function in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Mortensen
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology , University College London , Gower Street , London WC1E 6BT , United Kingdom
| | - Jacob Krall
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Kenneth T Kongstad
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Benjamin M Brygger
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Ombretta Lenzi
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Pierre Francotte
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM) , University of Liege , Avenue de l'Hôpital, 1, B36 , B-4000 Liège , Belgium
| | - Troels E Sørensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Birgitte Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Anders A Jensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Trevor G Smart
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology , University College London , Gower Street , London WC1E 6BT , United Kingdom
| | - Bente Frølund
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences , University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2 , DK-2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
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2
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Colotta V, Lenzi O, Catarzi D, Varano F, Squarcialupi L, Costagli C, Galli A, Ghelardini C, Pugliese AM, Maraula G, Coppi E, Pellegrini-Giampietro DE, Pedata F, Sabbadin D, Moro S. 3-Hydroxy-1H-quinazoline-2,4-dione derivatives as new antagonists at ionotropic glutamate receptors: Molecular modeling and pharmacological studies. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 54:470-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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3
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Catarzi D, Lenzi O, Colotta V, Varano F, Poli D, Filacchioni G, Lingenhöhl K, Ofner S. Pharmacological characterization of some selected 4,5-dihydro-4-oxo-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline-2-carboxylates and 3-hydroxyquinazoline-2,4-diones as (S)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)-propionic acid receptor antagonists. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2010; 58:908-11. [PMID: 20606335 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.58.908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, some selected, previously reported 4,5-dihydro-4-oxo-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline-2-carboxylates (TQXs) and 3-hydroxy-quinazoline-2,4-diones (QZs), were evaluated for their affinity at the (S)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor in the [(3)H]-6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione ([(3)H]-CNQX) binding assay. Electrophysiological experiments were performed in oocytes expressing rat homomeric GluR3 subunits in order to assess the pharmacological profile of the tested compounds. The binding data, together with those regarding the functional activity, confirmed that most of the TQXs and QZs reported herein are potent AMPA receptor antagonists. When tested for their ability to prevent sound-induced seizures in DBA/2 mice, some of these derivatives showed anticonvulsant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Catarzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Fiorentino, Italy.
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4
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Lenzi O, Colotta V, Catarzi D, Varano F, Poli D, Filacchioni G, Varani K, Vincenzi F, Borea PA, Paoletta S, Morizzo E, Moro S. 2-Phenylpyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one as a new scaffold to obtain potent and selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists: new insights into the receptor-antagonist recognition. J Med Chem 2009; 52:7640-52. [PMID: 19743865 DOI: 10.1021/jm900718w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A molecular simplification approach of previously reported 2-arylpyrazolo[3,4-c]quinolin-4-ones was applied to design 2-arylpyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one derivatives as new human A(3) adenosine receptor antagonists. Substituents with different lipophilicity and steric hindrance were introduced at the 5-position of the bicyclic scaffold (R(5) = H, Me, Et, Ph, CH(2)Ph) and on the 2-phenyl ring (OMe, Me). Most of the synthesized derivatives were highly potent hA(3) adenosine receptor antagonists, the best being the 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one (K(i) = 1.2 nM). The new compounds were also highly selective, being completely devoid of affinity toward hA(1), hA(2A), and hA(2B) adenosine receptors. On the basis of the recently published human A(2A) receptor crystallographic information, we propose a novel receptor-driven hypothesis to explain both A(3) AR affinity and A(3) versus A(2A) selectivity profiles of these new antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ombretta Lenzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Laboratorio di Progettazione, Sintesi e Studio di Eterocicli Biologicamente Attivi, Università di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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5
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Colotta V, Lenzi O, Catarzi D, Varano F, Filacchioni G, Martini C, Trincavelli L, Ciampi O, Pugliese AM, Traini C, Pedata F, Morizzo E, Moro S. Pyrido[2,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-1-one as a new scaffold to develop potent and selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. Synthesis, pharmacological evaluation, and ligand-receptor modeling studies. J Med Chem 2009; 52:2407-19. [PMID: 19301821 DOI: 10.1021/jm8014876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The paper describes a new class of human (h) A(3) adenosine receptor antagonists, the 2-arylpyrido[2,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-1-one derivatives (PTP), either 4-oxo (1-6, series A) or 4-amino-substituted (7-20, series B). In both series A and B, substituents able to act as hydrogen bond acceptors (OMe, OH, F, COOEt) were inserted on the 2-phenyl ring. In series B, cycloalkyl and acyl residues were introduced on the 4-amino group. Some of the new derivatives showed high hA(3) AR affinities (K(i) < 50 nM) and selectivities vs both hA(1) and hA(2A) receptors. The selected 4-benzoylamino-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrido[2,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-1-one (18), tested in an in vitro rat model of cerebral ischemia, proved to be effective in preventing the failure of synaptic activity induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation in the hippocampus. Molecular docking of this new class of hA(3) AR antagonists was carried out to depict their hypothetical binding mode to our refined model of hA(3) receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Colotta
- Laboratorio di Progettazione, Sintesi e Studio di Eterocicli Biologicamente Attivi, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Universita di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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6
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Colotta V, Capelli F, Lenzi O, Catarzi D, Varano F, Poli D, Vincenzi F, Varani K, Borea PA, Dal Ben D, Volpini R, Cristalli G, Filacchioni G. Novel potent and highly selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists belonging to the 4-amido-2-arylpyrazolo[3,4-c]quinoline series: Molecular docking analysis and pharmacological studies. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:401-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2008] [Revised: 10/07/2008] [Accepted: 10/08/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Colotta V, Catarzi D, Varano F, Lenzi O, Filacchioni G, Martini C, Trincavelli L, Ciampi O, Traini C, Pugliese AM, Pedata F, Morizzo E, Moro S. Synthesis, ligand–receptor modeling studies and pharmacological evaluation of novel 4-modified-2-aryl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one derivatives as potent and selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:6086-102. [PMID: 18468446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2008] [Revised: 04/09/2008] [Accepted: 04/18/2008] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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8
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Varano F, Catarzi D, Colotta V, Lenzi O, Filacchioni G, Galli A, Costagli C. Novel AMPA and kainate receptor antagonists containing the pyrazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline ring system: Synthesis and structure–activity relationships. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:2617-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2007] [Revised: 11/12/2007] [Accepted: 11/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Morizzo E, Capelli F, Lenzi O, Catarzi D, Varano F, Filacchioni G, Vincenzi F, Varani K, Borea PA, Colotta V, Moro S. Scouting human A3 adenosine receptor antagonist binding mode using a molecular simplification approach: from triazoloquinoxaline to a pyrimidine skeleton as a key study. J Med Chem 2007; 50:6596-606. [PMID: 18047262 DOI: 10.1021/jm070852a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The concept of molecular simplification as a drug design strategy to shorten synthetic routes, while keeping or enhancing the biological activity of the lead drug, has been applied to design new classes of human A3 adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists. Over the past decade, we have focused a part of our research on the study of AR antagonists belonging to strictly correlated classes of tricyclic compounds. One of these classes is represented by the 2-aryl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one derivatives, either 4-amino or 4-oxo-substituted, which were intensively investigated by evaluating the effect of different substituents on the 2-phenyl ring and on the 4-amino group. Using an in silico molecular simplification approach, a new series of easily synthesizable 2-amino/2-oxoquinazoline-4-carboxamido derivatives have been discovered, presenting high affinity and selectivity against human A3 AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Morizzo
- Molecular Modeling Section, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo 5, Padova, Italy
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10
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Colotta V, Catarzi D, Varano F, Capelli F, Lenzi O, Filacchioni G, Martini C, Trincavelli L, Ciampi O, Pugliese AM, Pedata F, Schiesaro A, Morizzo E, Moro S. New 2-arylpyrazolo[3,4-c]quinoline derivatives as potent and selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. Synthesis, pharmacological evaluation, and ligand-receptor modeling studies. J Med Chem 2007; 50:4061-74. [PMID: 17665891 DOI: 10.1021/jm070123v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports the study of some 2-arylpyrazolo[3,4-c]quinolin-4-ones, 4-amines, and 4-amino-substituted derivatives designed as human A3 adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists. Most of the herein reported compounds showed a nanomolar affinity toward the hA3 receptor subtype and different degrees of selectivity that resulted to be strictly dependent on the presence and nature of the substituent on the 4-amino group. Bulky and lipophilic acyl groups, as well as the benzylcarbamoyl residue, afforded highly potent and selective hA3 receptor antagonists. The selected 4-diphenylacetylamino-2-phenylpyrazoloquinoline (25) and 4-dibenzoylamino-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazoloquinoline (36), tested in an in vitro rat model of cerebral ischemia, prevented the irreversible failure of synaptic activity induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation in the hippocampus. The observed structure-affinity relationships of this class of antagonists were also exhaustively rationalized using the recently published ligand-based homology modeling (LBHM) approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Colotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Laboratorio di Progettazione, Sintesi e Studio di Eterocicli Biologicamente Attivi, Università di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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11
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Colotta V, Catarzi D, Varano F, Lenzi O, Filacchioni G, Costagli C, Galli A, Ghelardini C, Galeotti N, Gratteri P, Sgrignani J, Deflorian F, Moro S. Structural Investigation of the 7-Chloro-3-hydroxy-1H-quinazoline-2,4-dione Scaffold to Obtain AMPA and Kainate Receptor Selective Antagonists. Synthesis, Pharmacological, and Molecular Modeling Studies. J Med Chem 2006; 49:6015-26. [PMID: 17004715 DOI: 10.1021/jm0604880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the study of new 7-chloro-3-hydroxy-1H-quinazoline-2,4-dione derivatives, designed as AMPA and kainate (KA) receptor antagonists, is reported. Some derivatives bear different carboxy-containing alkyl chains on the 3-hydroxy group, while various heterocyclic rings or amide moieties are present at the 6-position of other compounds. Binding data at Gly/NMDA, AMPA, and high-affinity KA receptors showed that the presence of the free 3-hydroxy group is of paramount importance for a good affinity at all three investigated receptors, while introduction of some 6-heterocyclic moieties yielded AMPA-selective antagonists. The most significant result was the finding of the 6-(2-carboxybenzoylamino)-3-hydroxy-1H-quinazolin-2,4-dione 12, which possesses good affinity for high-affinity and low-affinity KA receptors (Ki=0.62 microM and 1.6 microM, respectively), as well as good selectivity. To rationalize the trend of affinities of the reported derivatives, an intensive molecular modeling study was carried out by docking compounds to models of the Gly/NMDA, AMPA, and KA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Colotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Laboratorio di Progettazione, Sintesi e Studio di Eterocicli Biologicamente Attivi, Polo Scientifico, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI), Italy.
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12
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Lenzi O, Colotta V, Catarzi D, Varano F, Filacchioni G, Martini C, Trincavelli L, Ciampi O, Varani K, Marighetti F, Morizzo E, Moro S. 4-amido-2-aryl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-ones as new potent and selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. synthesis, pharmacological evaluation, and ligand-receptor modeling studies. J Med Chem 2006; 49:3916-25. [PMID: 16789747 DOI: 10.1021/jm060373w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A structural investigation on some 4-amido-2-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one derivatives, designed as human A3 adenosine receptor (hA3 AR) antagonists, is described. In the new derivatives, some acyl residues with different steric bulk were introduced on the 4-amino group, and their combination with the 4-methoxy group on the 2-phenyl moiety, and/or the 6-nitro/6-amino substituent on the fused benzo ring, was also evaluated. Most of the new derivatives were potent and selective hA3 AR antagonists. SAR analysis showed that hindering and lipophilic acyl moieties not only are well tolerated but even ameliorate the hA3 affinity. Interestingly, the 4-methoxy substituent on the appended 2-phenyl moiety, as well as the 6-amino group, always exerted a positive effect, shifting the affinity toward the hA3 receptor subtype. In contrast, the 6-nitro substituent exerted a variable effect. An intensive molecular modeling investigation was performed to rationalize the experimental SAR findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ombretta Lenzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Laboratorio di Progettazione, Sintesi e Studio di Eterocicli Biologicamente Attivi, Università di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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13
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Catarzi D, Colotta V, Varano F, Lenzi O, Filacchioni G, Trincavelli L, Martini C, Montopoli C, Moro S. 1,2,4-Triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline as a versatile tool for the design of selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists: synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling studies of 2-(hetero)aryl- and 2-carboxy-substituted derivatives. J Med Chem 2006; 48:7932-45. [PMID: 16335918 DOI: 10.1021/jm0504149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A number of 4-oxo-substituted 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives bearing at position-2 the claimed (hetero)aryl moiety (compounds 1-15) but also a carboxylate group (16-28, 32-36) or a hydrogen atom (29-31) were designed as human A3 (hA3) adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists. This study produced some interesting compounds and among them the 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxalin-4-one (8), which can be considered one of the most potent and selective hA3 adenosine receptor antagonists reported till now. Moreover, as a new finding, replacement of the classical 2-(hetero)aryl moiety with a 2-carboxylate function (compounds 16-28 and 32-36) maintained good hA3 AR binding activity but, most importantly and interestingly, produced a large increase in hA3 versus hA1 selectivity. A receptor-based SAR analysis provided new interesting insights about the steric and electrostatic requirements that are important for the anchoring of these derivatives at the hA3 receptor recognition site, thus highlighting the versatility of the triazoloquinoxaline scaffold for obtaining potent and selective hA3 AR antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Catarzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff, 6-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy.
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14
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Varano F, Catarzi D, Colotta V, Calabri FR, Lenzi O, Filacchioni G, Galli A, Costagli C, Deflorian F, Moro S. 1-Substituted pyrazolo[1,5-c]quinazolines as novel Gly/NMDA receptor antagonists: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling study. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:5536-49. [PMID: 16087341 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2005] [Revised: 06/29/2005] [Accepted: 07/01/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new set of 5,6-dihydro-pyrazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline-2-carboxylates (2-18), bearing different substituents (COOEt, Cl, Br, CH(3), and COOH) at position-1, were synthesized in order to investigate the influence of various groups at this specific position on Gly/NMDA receptor affinity and/or selectivity. All the herein reported compounds were evaluated for their binding at the Gly/NMDA, AMPA, and KA receptors. Some selected compounds were also tested for their functional antagonistic activity at both the AMPA and NMDA receptor-ion channels. The results obtained in this study have highlighted that a C-1 lipophilic substituent on the pyrazolo[1,5-c]quinazoline-2-carboxylate core shifts selectivity toward the Gly/NMDA receptor, while a C-1 anionic carboxylate residue is able to increase affinity toward this receptor subtype. In particular, the 2-carboxylic acids 15 and 16, bearing a chlorine atom at position-1, are not only potent (K(i)=0.18 and 0.16muM, respectively), but also highly Gly/NMDA versus AMPA selective (selectivity ratio>500). Furthermore, the 1,2-dicarboxylic acids 13 and 14 are endowed with the highest Gly/NMDA receptor binding activity (K(i)=0.09 and 0.059muM, respectively), among the pyrazoloquinazoline series of derivatives. A molecular modeling study has been carried out to better understand receptor affinity and selectivity of these new pyrazoloquinazoline derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Varano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
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15
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Calabri FR, Colotta V, Catarzi D, Varano F, Lenzi O, Filacchioni G, Costagli C, Galli A. Synthesis and pharmacological studies at the Gly/NMDA, AMPA and Kainate receptors of new oxazolo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-one derivatives bearing different substituents at position-2 and on the fused benzo ring. Eur J Med Chem 2005; 40:897-907. [PMID: 15919134 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2005.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2004] [Revised: 03/21/2005] [Accepted: 03/23/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and biological evaluation at the Gly/NMDA, AMPA and Kainate receptors of new oxazolo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-one derivatives are reported. Different substituents were introduced at the 2-position (mercapto, carbonyl and methyl groups) and on the fused benzo ring (chlorine atom(s) and trifluoromethyl group). Among the herein reported compounds, the 2-mercapto-derivatives 1-4 showed the highest Gly/NMDA affinities, comparable to that of 5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid. The most active compound was the 7-chloro-substituted derivative 1 (Ki=0.082 microM) which possesses a Gly/NMDA selectivity of 50- and 500-fold with respect to AMPA and KA receptors, respectively. Functional antagonism studies performed on some selected 2-mercapto compounds, at both AMPA and NMDA receptor-ion channels, assessed the antagonistic properties of these derivatives. SAR studies pointed out the importance of the concurrent presence of electron-rich moieties at both the 2- and 3-positions of the oxazolo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-one framework. In fact, the 3-sp2-nitrogen atom plays a significant role in reinforcing the hydrogen bond that the 4-carbonyl oxygen probably forms with the arginine residue (R523) of the Gly/NMDA receptor site. The presence of 2-substituent able to form a hydrogen bonding interaction was also proved to be important for a good Gly/NMDA receptor affinity.
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MESH Headings
- Algorithms
- Animals
- Binding, Competitive/drug effects
- Cerebral Cortex/chemistry
- Cerebral Cortex/metabolism
- Drug Design
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/chemical synthesis
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/chemistry
- Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/chemical synthesis
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/chemistry
- Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring/pharmacology
- Hydrogen Bonding
- Inhibitory Concentration 50
- Mice
- Molecular Structure
- Rats
- Receptors, AMPA/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, AMPA/chemistry
- Receptors, Glutamate/chemistry
- Receptors, Glutamate/drug effects
- Receptors, Kainic Acid/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Kainic Acid/chemistry
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/chemistry
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Romana Calabri
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Universita' degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
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16
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Catarzi D, Colotta V, Varano F, Calabri FR, Lenzi O, Filacchioni G, Trincavelli L, Martini C, Tralli A, Montopoli C, Moro S. 2-aryl-8-chloro-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxalin-4-amines as highly potent A1 and A3 adenosine receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:705-15. [PMID: 15653338 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.10.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2004] [Revised: 10/20/2004] [Accepted: 10/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Some 2-aryl-8-chloro-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives 2-18, obtained by introducing different substituents on either the 4-amino moiety (acyl or carbamoyl groups) or the 2-phenyl ring (4-OCH3) of previously reported 8-chloro-2-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxalin-4-amine (1), have been synthesized and tested in radioligand binding assays at bovine A1 and A(2A) and at cloned human A1 and A3 adenosine receptors. The rationally designed 8-chloro-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxalin-4-acetylamine (14) can be considered one of the most potent and hA3 versus hA1 selective AR antagonists reported till now. The structure-activity relationships of compounds 2-18 are in agreement with those of previously reported 2-aryl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalines (series A) and 2-arylpyrazolo[3,4-c]quinolines (series B), thus suggesting a similar AR binding mode. In fact, the importance for the A3 receptor-ligand interaction of both a strong acidic NH proton donor and a C=O proton acceptor at position-4, able to engage hydrogen-bonding interactions with specific sites on the A3 AR, has been confirmed. Using our recently published hA3 receptor model, to better elucidate our experimental results, we decided to theoretically depict the putative TM binding motif of the herein reported 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives on human A3 receptor. Structure-activity relationships have been explained analyzing the three-dimensional structure of the antagonist-receptor models obtained by molecular docking simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Catarzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via U. Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Firenze), Italy.
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17
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Colotta V, Catarzi D, Varano F, Calabri FR, Lenzi O, Filacchioni G, Martini C, Trincavelli L, Deflorian F, Moro S. 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one moiety as an attractive scaffold to develop new potent and selective human A3 adenosine receptor antagonists: synthesis, pharmacological, and ligand-receptor modeling studies. J Med Chem 2004; 47:3580-90. [PMID: 15214785 DOI: 10.1021/jm031136l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the past few years much effort in our laboratory has been directed toward the study of adenosine receptor antagonists, and recently we focused our attention on 2-aryl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1,4-diones and 2-aryl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-4-amino-1-ones, some of which were potent and/or selective A(3) receptor antagonists. In the present paper, a new series of triazoloquinoxaline derivatives is described. Most of the new compounds, biologically evaluated in radioligand binding assays at bovine (b) A(1) and A(2A) and at human (h) A(1) and A(3) adenosine receptors, showed high hA(3) adenosine receptor affinity and selectivity. In particular, 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1,4-dione (1), also tested at the hA(2A) ARs, shows the best binding profile with a high hA(3) affinity (K(i) = 0.60 nM) and strong selectivity vs hA(1) and vs hA(2A) receptors (both selectivity ratios greater than 16 600). To interpret our experimental results, we decided to theoretically depict the putative transmembrane binding motif of our triazoloquinoxaline analogues on hA(3) receptor. Structure-activity relationships have been explained analyzing the three-dimensional structure of the antagonist-receptor models obtained by molecular docking simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Colotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
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