Chronic exertional compartment syndrome in the forearm of a rower

This case report describes chronic exertional compartment syndrome in the forearm of a professional rower. We consider this to be a rare anatomical location for this type of syndrome. Morever, not much is known about its clinical presentation and the subsequent optimal medical management thereof. 

Regional localization of a gene for nonspecific XLMR to Xp11.3-p11. 23 (MRX51) and tentative localization of an MRX gene to Xq23-q26.1

Two families with nonspecific X-linked mental retardation (MRX) are presented. In the first family, MRX51, three male patients showed mild to borderline mental retardation. Multipoint linkage analysis yielded a maximal LOD score of 2.10 between markers DXS8012 and DXS1003, localizing the MRX51 gene at Xp11.3-p11.23. In the second family, XLMR7, three men showed moderate mental retardation (MR), and one possible female carrier had mild MR. Multipoint linkage analysis yielded an LOD score of 1.80 between markers DXS8063 and DXS1047, situating the disease gene at Xq23-q26.1. When the analysis was performed considering the affected female to be an expressing heterozygote carrier of the disease mutation, a maximal LOD score of 2.10 was found in the same region.

On the nosology of the craniodigital syndromes: report of a family and review of the literature

During a systematic survey for genetic causes of mental retardation in schools for adolescents with learning problems we had the occasion to examine a 16-year-old moderately mentally retarded boy with facial dysmorphism, short stature, relative microcephaly, complete cutaneous syndactyly of fingers III/IV and of toes II/III. Partial clinical manifestations (low to subnormal intelligence and syndactyly) were present in his mother and sister. We discuss the nosology and differential diagnosis of the craniodigital syndromes.

The KBG syndrome: follow-up data on three affected brothers

In this report we present follow-up data on a family in which several members were found to have short stature, craniofacial anomalies and dento-skeletal abnormalities (KBG-syndrome). As adults, the three affected brothers of the original report are moderately to severely mentally retarded. Their phenotype with a distinct craniofacial appearance did not change much from that seen during childhood and adolescence. Adult height is far below the third centile, with arm spans exceeding stature by at least 9 cm.

Adults with Williams-Beuren syndrome: evaluation of the medical, psychological and behavioral aspects

In order to evaluate the medical, psychological and behavioral aspects of Williams-Beuren syndrome in adulthood, data were collected on 11 patients aged 17 to 66 years. The medical data did not confirm previous reports of significant morbidity. All adults were found to have a moderate or severe degree of mental handicap. They showed the same psychological profile as found in children: good verbal abilities, poor motor abilities, problems with sequencing and with performance tasks. The adults we evaluated showed little disturbing behavior in comparison to other mentally retarded subjects. They achieved a good level of autonomy. The majority lived at home with one or both parents and attended a day centre.

Multiple pterygium syndrome type Escobar in two brothers. Follow-up data from childhood to adulthood

We present two brothers with Multiple Pterygium Syndrome type Escobar. Characteristic findings in this autosomal recessively inherited pterygium syndrome are, in addition to multiple pterygia, short stature, cleft palate, vertebral fusion defects and minor facial anomalies. The adult height in the two male siblings was below the third centile. Secondary sexual development and testicular size were normal, in contrast with the cryptorchidism and pubertal delay documented in most young patients.

A peculiar subphenotype in the fra(X) syndrome: extreme obesity-short stature-stubby hands and feet-diffuse hyperpigmentation. Further evidence of disturbed hypothalamic function in the fra(X) syndrome?

In this report we describe two fra(X) adults and two prepubertal fra(X) brothers with a combination of distinct phenotypic findings: extreme obesity, short stature, stubby hands and feet and diffuse hyper-pigmentation. These clinical abnormalities may be an additional indication of a specific hypothalamic disturbance in the fra(X) syndrome.

Partial fra(X) phenotype with megalotestes in fra (X)-negative patients with acquired lesions of the central nervous system

We describe 3 men with acquired lesions of the central nervous system (one male with tumor of the third ventricle, two males with peri- or postnatal accidents). In all three patients macroorchidism was associated with facial characteristics similar to those found in fra(X) males, but they were fra(X)-negative. The finding of megalotestes associated with a partial fra(X) phenotype in the present patients and, more particularly, the documentation of a hypothalamic tumor in the first patient, suggests that a specific hypothalamic lesion in fra(X) males is responsible for some of their manifestations.