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Arce M, Venegas G, Paez K, Latz S, Navarrete P, Caruffo M, Feijoo C, García K, Bastías R. Valp1, a Newly Identified Temperate Phage Facilitating Coexistence of Lysogenic and Non-Lysogenic Populations of Vibrio anguillarum. Pathogens 2024; 13:285. [PMID: 38668240 PMCID: PMC11054321 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13040285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Vibrio anguillarum is a pathogen for several fish and shellfish species. Its ecology is influenced by diverse factors, including bacteriophages. Here, we identify and characterize a new temperate bacteriophage (Valp1) of V. anguillarum. Valp1 is a myovirus with a 60 nm head and a 90 nm contractile tail. Its double-stranded DNA genome of 42,988 bp contains 68 genes, including a protelomerase gene, typical of telomeric phages. Valp1 inhibits the growth of the virulent strain of V. anguillarum PF4, while the derived lysogenic strain P1.1 presents a slight reduction in its growth but is not affected by the presence of Valp1. Both strains present similar virulence in a larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) model, and only slight differences have been observed in their biochemical profile. Co-culture assays reveal that PF4 and P1.1 can coexist for 10 h in the presence of naturally induced Valp1, with the proportion of PF4 ranging between 28% and 1.6%. By the end of the assay, the phage reached a concentration of ~108 PFU/mL, and all the non-lysogenic PF4 strains were resistant to Valp1. This equilibrium was maintained even after five successive subcultures, suggesting the existence of a coexistence mechanism between the lysogenic and non-lysogenic populations of V. anguillarum in conjunction with the phage Valp1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Arce
- Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; (M.A.)
| | - Guillermo Venegas
- Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; (M.A.)
| | - Karla Paez
- Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; (M.A.)
| | - Simone Latz
- Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; (M.A.)
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Mario Caruffo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
- Center for Research and Innovation in Aquaculture (CRIA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8820000, Chile
| | - Carmen Feijoo
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Katherine García
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910060, Chile
| | - Roberto Bastías
- Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile; (M.A.)
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Solís D, Cordero N, Quezada-Reyes M, Escobar-Astete C, Toro M, Navarrete P, Reyes-Jara A. Prevalence of Salmonella in Eggs from Conventional and Cage-Free Egg Production Systems and the Role of Consumers in Reducing Household Contamination. Foods 2023; 12:4300. [PMID: 38231772 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Salmonella is one of the leading causes of foodborne disease worldwide, usually related to contaminated poultry or poultry products, such as eggs. Since egg contamination with Salmonella depends on multiple factors that make it challenging to control, consumers' knowledge about food safety and the proper handling of eggs is crucial. The aims of the study were (1) to determine the prevalence of Salmonella in eggs from conventional and alternative production systems, (2) to characterize the Salmonella isolates according to phenotypic-genotypic and antimicrobial-resistant traits, and (3) to understand how consumers manage the hazards related to egg contamination in the household. A total of 426 egg samples were analyzed (conventional systems = 240; alternative systems = 186). Culture-based and molecular microbiological methods were used to identify Salmonella and bioinformatics analysis of whole genome sequences was used to determine the serotype and antimicrobial-resistant genes. Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis was detected only in eggs from alternative systems (1.1%, 2/186). Isolates showed resistance to nalidixic acid (100%, 2/2), and the aac(6')-Iaa gene and a mutation in the gyrA gene were identified in both isolates. Overall, consumers demonstrated knowledge regarding food safety; however, many still engage in practices that pose a risk of acquiring foodborne illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doina Solís
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8330015, Chile
| | - Ninoska Cordero
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8330015, Chile
| | - Maritza Quezada-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8330015, Chile
| | - Carla Escobar-Astete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8330015, Chile
| | - Magaly Toro
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8330015, Chile
- Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (JIFSAN), University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20740, USA
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8330015, Chile
| | - Angélica Reyes-Jara
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8330015, Chile
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Reinoso S, Gutiérrez MS, Reyes-Jara A, Toro M, García K, Reyes G, Argüello-Guevara W, Bohórquez-Cruz M, Sonnenholzner S, Navarrete P. Feed Regime Slightly Modifies the Bacterial but Not the Fungal Communities in the Intestinal Mucosal Microbiota of Cobia Fish ( Rachycentron canadum). Microorganisms 2023; 11:2315. [PMID: 37764158 PMCID: PMC10535204 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial community of the intestinal microbiota influences many host functions, and similar effects have been recently reported for the fungal community (mycobiota). Cobia is a tropical fish that has been studied for its potential in marine aquaculture. However, the study of its bacterial community has been underreported and the mycobiota has not been investigated. We analyzed the gut bacterial and fungal profile present in the intestinal mucosa of reared adult cobias fed two diets (frozen fish pieces (FFPs) and formulated feed (FF)) for 4 months by sequencing the 16S rRNA (V3-V4) and internal transcribed spacer-2 (ITS2) regions using Illumina NovaSeq 6000. No significant differences in the alpha diversity of the bacterial community were observed, which was dominated by the phyla Proteobacteria (~96%) and Firmicutes (~1%). Cobia fed FF showed higher abundance of 10 genera, mainly UCG-002 (Family Oscillospiraceae) and Faecalibacterium, compared to cobia fed FFPs, which showed higher abundance of 7 genera, mainly Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum and Cutibacterium. The inferred bacterial functions were related to metabolism, environmental information processing and cellular processes; and no differences were found between diets. In mycobiota, no differences were observed in the diversity and composition of cobia fed the two diets. The mycobiota was dominated by the phyla Ascomycota (~88%) and Basidiomycota (~11%). This is the first study to describe the gut bacterial and fungal communities in cobia reared under captive conditions and fed on different diets and to identify the genus Ascobulus as a new member of the core fish mycobiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Reinoso
- Microbiology and Probiotics Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Avenida El Libano 5524, Macul, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (M.S.G.); (A.R.-J.); (M.T.)
- Centro Nacional de Acuicultura e Investigaciones Marinas, CENAIM, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Guayaquil 090211, Ecuador; (G.R.); (W.A.-G.); (M.B.-C.); (S.S.)
| | - María Soledad Gutiérrez
- Microbiology and Probiotics Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Avenida El Libano 5524, Macul, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (M.S.G.); (A.R.-J.); (M.T.)
| | - Angélica Reyes-Jara
- Microbiology and Probiotics Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Avenida El Libano 5524, Macul, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (M.S.G.); (A.R.-J.); (M.T.)
- Millenium Institute Center for Genome Regulation (CRG), Santiago 8331150, Chile
| | - Magaly Toro
- Microbiology and Probiotics Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Avenida El Libano 5524, Macul, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (M.S.G.); (A.R.-J.); (M.T.)
- Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (JIFSAN), University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20910, USA
| | - Katherine García
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8900000, Chile;
| | - Guillermo Reyes
- Centro Nacional de Acuicultura e Investigaciones Marinas, CENAIM, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Guayaquil 090211, Ecuador; (G.R.); (W.A.-G.); (M.B.-C.); (S.S.)
| | - Wilfrido Argüello-Guevara
- Centro Nacional de Acuicultura e Investigaciones Marinas, CENAIM, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Guayaquil 090211, Ecuador; (G.R.); (W.A.-G.); (M.B.-C.); (S.S.)
- Facultad de Ingeniería Marítima y Ciencias del Mar, FIMCM, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Guayaquil 090211, Ecuador
| | - Milton Bohórquez-Cruz
- Centro Nacional de Acuicultura e Investigaciones Marinas, CENAIM, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Guayaquil 090211, Ecuador; (G.R.); (W.A.-G.); (M.B.-C.); (S.S.)
| | - Stanislaus Sonnenholzner
- Centro Nacional de Acuicultura e Investigaciones Marinas, CENAIM, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Guayaquil 090211, Ecuador; (G.R.); (W.A.-G.); (M.B.-C.); (S.S.)
- Facultad de Ingeniería Marítima y Ciencias del Mar, FIMCM, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Guayaquil 090211, Ecuador
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Microbiology and Probiotics Laboratory, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Avenida El Libano 5524, Macul, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (M.S.G.); (A.R.-J.); (M.T.)
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Rodriguez CI, Keshavarzian A, Hamaker BR, Liu F, Lunken GR, Rasmussen H, Zhou H, Tap J, Swanson KS, Ukhanova M, Leclerc M, Gotteland M, Navarrete P, Kovatcheva-Datchary P, Dahl WJ, Martiny JBH. Curated and harmonized gut microbiome 16S rRNA amplicon data from dietary fiber intervention studies in humans. Sci Data 2023; 10:346. [PMID: 37268699 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Next generation amplicon sequencing has created a plethora of data from human microbiomes. The accessibility to this scientific data and its corresponding metadata is important for its reuse, to allow for new discoveries, verification of published results, and serving as path for reproducibility. Dietary fiber consumption has been associated with a variety of health benefits that are thought to be mediated by gut microbiota. To enable direct comparisons of the response of the gut microbiome to fiber, we obtained 16S rRNA sequencing data and its corresponding metadata from 11 fiber intervention studies for a total of 2,368 samples. We provide curated and pre-processed genetic data and common metadata for comparison across the different studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia I Rodriguez
- Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, USA.
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Bruce R Hamaker
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research and Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
| | - Feitong Liu
- H&H Group, H&H Research, China Research and Innovation Center, Beijing, China
| | | | - Heather Rasmussen
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Lincoln, USA
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, USA
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Julien Tap
- Universite Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MICALIS Institute, Yvette, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Kelly S Swanson
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Animal Sciences, Champaign, USA
| | - Maria Ukhanova
- University of Florida, School of Medicine, Gainesville, USA
| | - Marion Leclerc
- Universite Paris-Saclay, INRAE, MICALIS Institute, Yvette, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Pendulum therapeutics, San Francisco, USA
| | - Martin Gotteland
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Wendy J Dahl
- University of Florida, Food Science and Human Nutrition Department, Gainesville, USA
| | - Jennifer B H Martiny
- Dept. of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, USA
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Anchuelo J, Rivero A, Galdós P, Alonso L, Astudillo R, Navarrete P, Arrojo E, Jimeno J, Albendea J, Pinto F, Fabregat R, De Juan A, Hinojo C, Hernanz F, Merino P, Díaz de Tuesta M, Borniquel F, Mazaira J, Muñoz P, Prada P. Accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) in a single 18 Gy fraction with high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR). Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01483-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Solís D, Toro M, Navarrete P, Faúndez P, Reyes-Jara A. Microbiological Quality and Presence of Foodborne Pathogens in Raw and Extruded Canine Diets and Canine Fecal Samples. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:799710. [PMID: 35923819 PMCID: PMC9339799 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.799710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pet food can be a source of microbiological hazards that might affect companion animals and owners. Even though owners usually rely on conventional pet diets, such as extruded diets, new feeding practices, such as raw meat-based diets (RMBDs), have grown. RMBDs' benefits are still scientifically uncertain, while its risks have been documented. The use of canine RMBDs might increase the exposure to zoonotic pathogens, such as Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter spp., among others. Identifying pathogen prevalence in canine food and pets is required to contribute to public health measures. The aims of this study were: (1) to compare the microbiological quality of RMBDs and extruded diets (2) to identify and compare the prevalence of Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni, and L. monocytogenes from raw and extruded canine diets and canine fecal samples, and (3) to characterize pet owners according to the diet chosen to be used on their pets, their motivations for using RMBDs, and their knowledge about benefits and risks related to this feeding practice. Conventional and molecular microbiological methods were used to identify pathogen presence from food and fecal samples, while pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed to evaluate the clonal relationship between isolates. Aerobic plate counts for RMBDs were higher than those detected for extruded diets. Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes were isolated from 35.7% (15/42) RMBDs, while Salmonella spp., C. jejuni, and L. monocytogenes from 33.3% (11/33) fecal samples from RMBD-fed dogs. From the RMBD samples positive to Salmonella spp., chicken was the main meat ingredient composing the diets. PFGE analysis confirmed a genetic association between Salmonella spp. isolates from fecal and raw food samples from the same household. We did not detect pathogens from extruded food samples or feces from extruded-fed dogs. Using a survey, we identified dog owners' unawareness and/or underestimation of risks related to RMBDs. We demonstrated that canine raw pet food might be a source of zoonotic foodborne pathogens that represent a health risk for both humans and pets. While clinical findings caused by the mentioned pathogens vary among pets, the zoonotic potential implies a significant concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doina Solís
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Magaly Toro
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Faúndez
- Red de Atención Veterinaria, Hospital de Alta Complejidad Bilbao, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angélica Reyes-Jara
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Angélica Reyes-Jara
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Visus I, Barco A, Obeso J, Barrado M, Sola A, Villafranca E, Fuentemilla N, Pellejero S, Navarrete P, Martinez E. OC-0611 HDR brachytherapy boost improves metastatic free survival in high and very-high risk prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(22)02633-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pavón A, Riquelme D, Jaña V, Iribarren C, Manzano C, Lopez-Joven C, Reyes-Cerpa S, Navarrete P, Pavez L, García K. The High Risk of Bivalve Farming in Coastal Areas With Heavy Metal Pollution and Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria: A Chilean Perspective. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:867446. [PMID: 35463633 PMCID: PMC9021898 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.867446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic pollution has a huge impact on the water quality of marine ecosystems. Heavy metals and antibiotics are anthropogenic stressors that have a major effect on the health of the marine organisms. Although heavy metals are also associate with volcanic eruptions, wind erosion or evaporation, most of them come from industrial and urban waste. Such contamination, coupled to the use and subsequent misuse of antimicrobials in aquatic environments, is an important stress factor capable of affecting the marine communities in the ecosystem. Bivalves are important ecological components of the oceanic environments and can bioaccumulate pollutants during their feeding through water filtration, acting as environmental sentinels. However, heavy metals and antibiotics pollution can affect several of their physiologic and immunological processes, including their microbiome. In fact, heavy metals and antibiotics have the potential to select resistance genes in bacteria, including those that are part of the microbiota of bivalves, such as Vibrio spp. Worryingly, antibiotic-resistant phenotypes have been shown to be more tolerant to heavy metals, and vice versa, which probably occurs through co- and cross-resistance pathways. In this regard, a crucial role of heavy metal resistance genes in the spread of mobile element-mediated antibiotic resistance has been suggested. Thus, it might be expected that antibiotic resistance of Vibrio spp. associated with bivalves would be higher in contaminated environments. In this review, we focused on co-occurrence of heavy metal and antibiotic resistance in Vibrio spp. In addition, we explore the Chilean situation with respect to the contaminants described above, focusing on the main bivalves-producing region for human consumption, considering bivalves as potential vehicles of antibiotic resistance genes to humans through the ingestion of contaminated seafood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alequis Pavón
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Riquelme
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Víctor Jaña
- Núcleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (NIAVA), Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Iribarren
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camila Manzano
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carmen Lopez-Joven
- Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Sebastián Reyes-Cerpa
- Centro de Genómica y Bioinformática, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leonardo Pavez
- Núcleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas (NIAVA), Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Leonardo Pavez, ; Katherine García,
| | - Katherine García
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Carrera de Nutrición y Dietética, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Leonardo Pavez, ; Katherine García,
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Palma V, Gutiérrez MS, Vargas O, Parthasarathy R, Navarrete P. Methods to Evaluate Bacterial Motility and Its Role in Bacterial–Host Interactions. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030563. [PMID: 35336138 PMCID: PMC8953368 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial motility is a widespread characteristic that can provide several advantages for the cell, allowing it to move towards more favorable conditions and enabling host-associated processes such as colonization. There are different bacterial motility types, and their expression is highly regulated by the environmental conditions. Because of this, methods for studying motility under realistic experimental conditions are required. A wide variety of approaches have been developed to study bacterial motility. Here, we present the most common techniques and recent advances and discuss their strengths as well as their limitations. We classify them as macroscopic or microscopic and highlight the advantages of three-dimensional imaging in microscopic approaches. Lastly, we discuss methods suited for studying motility in bacterial–host interactions, including the use of the zebrafish model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Palma
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, El Líbano 5524, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (V.P.); (M.S.G.); (O.V.)
| | - María Soledad Gutiérrez
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, El Líbano 5524, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (V.P.); (M.S.G.); (O.V.)
- Millennium Science Initiative Program, Milenium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota, National Agency for Research and Development (ANID), Moneda 1375, Santiago 8200000, Chile
| | - Orlando Vargas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, El Líbano 5524, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (V.P.); (M.S.G.); (O.V.)
| | - Raghuveer Parthasarathy
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA;
- Department of Physics and Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, El Líbano 5524, Santiago 7830490, Chile; (V.P.); (M.S.G.); (O.V.)
- Millennium Science Initiative Program, Milenium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota, National Agency for Research and Development (ANID), Moneda 1375, Santiago 8200000, Chile
- Correspondence:
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Vásquez L, Parra A, Quesille-Villalobos AM, Gálvez G, Navarrete P, Latorre M, Toro M, González M, Reyes-Jara A. Cobalamin cbiP mutant shows decreased tolerance to low temperature and copper stress in Listeria monocytogenes. Biol Res 2022; 55:9. [PMID: 35236417 PMCID: PMC8889760 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-022-00376-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis in humans. This pathogen activates multiple regulatory mechanisms in response to stress, and cobalamin biosynthesis might have a potential role in bacterial protection. Low temperature is a strategy used in the food industry to control bacteria proliferation; however, L. monocytogenes can grow in cold temperatures and overcome different stress conditions. In this study we selected L. monocytogenes List2-2, a strain with high tolerance to the combination of low temperature + copper, to understand whether the cobalamin biosynthesis pathway is part of the tolerance mechanism to this stress condition. For this, we characterized the transcription level of three cobalamin biosynthesis-related genes (cbiP, cbiB, and cysG) and the eutV gene, a transcriptional regulator encoding gene involved in ethanolamine metabolism, in L. monocytogenes strain List2-2 growing simultaneously under two environmental stressors: low temperature (8 °C) + copper (0.5 mM of CuSO4 × 5H2O). In addition, the gene cbiP, which encodes an essential cobyric acid synthase required in the cobalamin pathway, was deleted by homologous recombination to evaluate the impact of this gene in L. monocytogenes tolerance to a low temperature (8 °C) + different copper concentrations. Results By analyzing the KEGG pathway database, twenty-two genes were involved in the cobalamin biosynthesis pathway in L. monocytogenes List2-2. The expression of genes cbiP, cbiB, and cysG, and eutV increased 6 h after the exposure to low temperature + copper. The cobalamin cbiP mutant strain List2-2ΔcbiP showed less tolerance to low temperature + copper (3 mM) than the wild-type L. monocytogenes List2-2. The addition of cyanocobalamin (5 nM) to the medium reverted the phenotype observed in List2-2ΔcbiP. Conclusion These results indicate that cobalamin biosynthesis is necessary for L. monocytogenes growth under stress and that the cbiP gene may play a role in the survival and growth of L. monocytogenes List2-2 at low temperature + copper. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40659-022-00376-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vásquez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, INTA Universidad de Chile, Avenida El Líbano 5524 Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - A Parra
- Doctorado en Acuicultura, Programa Cooperativo Universidad de Chile, Universidad Católica del Norte, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile
| | - A M Quesille-Villalobos
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, INTA Universidad de Chile, Avenida El Líbano 5524 Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - G Gálvez
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - P Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, INTA Universidad de Chile, Avenida El Líbano 5524 Macul, Santiago, Chile.,ANID-Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Latorre
- Laboratorio de Bioingeniería, Instituto de Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile.,Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Toro
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, INTA Universidad de Chile, Avenida El Líbano 5524 Macul, Santiago, Chile
| | - M González
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Fondap Center for Genome Regulation (CGR), Santiago, Chile
| | - A Reyes-Jara
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, INTA Universidad de Chile, Avenida El Líbano 5524 Macul, Santiago, Chile.
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11
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Ramírez C, Gutiérrez MS, Venegas L, Sapag C, Araya C, Caruffo M, López P, Reyes-Jara A, Toro M, González-Rocha G, Yáñez JM, Navarrete P. Microbiota composition and susceptibility to florfenicol and oxytetracycline of bacterial isolates from mussels (Mytilus spp.) reared on different years and distance from salmon farms. Environ Res 2022; 204:112068. [PMID: 34547250 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Chilean aquaculture mainly produces salmonids and molluscs. Salmonid production has been questioned by its excessive use of antimicrobials. This study aimed to investigate the bacterial microbiota composition of Mytilus spp. cultivated near salmonid farms and to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to florfenicol and oxytetracycline of its culturable bacteria. Seven Mytilus farming sites classified according to their proximity to salmon farms as close (CSF) or distant (DSF) were sampled in two years. We analyzed Mytilus microbiota composition through culture-independent methods, and isolated culturable bacteria, and identified those isolates with MIC values ≥ 64 μg mL-1 to florfenicol or oxytetracycline. Results revealed that the alpha diversity was affected by sampling year but not by Mytilus farming site location or its interaction. Nevertheless, in 2018, we observed a significant negative correlation between the alpha diversity of Mytilus microbiota in each farm sites and the tonnes of florfenicol reported for each phytosanitary management area. We detected significant differences in beta diversity and relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa in Mytilus microbiota depending on the proximity to salmon farms and years. A higher proportion of isolates with MIC values ≥ 64 μg mL-1 to both antibiotics was detected in 2019 compared to 2018, but not significant differences were detected according to Mytilus farming site location. However, in 2019, isolates from CSF sites showed higher MIC values for both antibiotics than those from DSF. Bacterial genera corresponding to isolates with MIC values ≥ 64 μg mL-1 represented a low proportion of Mytilus microbiota identified with the culture-independent approach, reflecting the need to implement new methodologies in the study of antimicrobial resistance. These results suggest that the proximity to salmonid farms and sampling year influence the Mytilus microbiota and MIC values of their bacterial isolates; however, other environmental variables should be considered in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Ramírez
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Soledad Gutiérrez
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile; ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota, Chile
| | - Lucas Venegas
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
| | | | - Carolina Araya
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Caruffo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
| | - Paulina López
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
| | - Angélica Reyes-Jara
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
| | - Magaly Toro
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile
| | - Gerardo González-Rocha
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Agentes Antibacterianos (LIAA), Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Chile; Millennium Nucleus for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
| | - José Manuel Yáñez
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Núcleo Milenio INVASAL, Concepción, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile; ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota, Chile.
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12
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Cañón V, Anchuelo J, Diaz de Cerio I, Cardenal J, Ferri M, Garcia Blanco A, Corro U, Navarrete P, Galdós P, Rivero A, Albendea J, Astudillo R, Gutierrez M, Alonso J, Alonso L, Vidal H, Velasco S, Fabregat R, Ruiz S, Garnacho M, Aviles A, Pacheco M, Prada P. PO-1489 Radiotherapy in benign pathology: treatment of lymphorrheas. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07940-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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13
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Vargas O, Gutiérrez MS, Caruffo M, Valderrama B, Medina DA, García K, Reyes-Jara A, Toro M, Feijóo CG, Navarrete P. Probiotic Yeasts and Vibrio anguillarum Infection Modify the Microbiome of Zebrafish Larvae. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:647977. [PMID: 34248866 PMCID: PMC8260990 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.647977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The host microbiome plays an essential role in health and disease. Microbiome modification by pathogens or probiotics has been poorly explored especially in the case of probiotic yeasts. Next-generation sequencing currently provides the best tools for their characterization. Debaryomyces hansenii 97 (D. hansenii 97) and Yarrowia lipolytica 242 (Y. lipolytica 242) are yeasts that protect wildtype zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae against a Vibrio anguillarum (V. anguillarum) infection, increasing their survival rate. We investigate the effect of these microorganisms on the microbiome and neutrophil response (inflammation) in zebrafish larvae line Tg(Bacmpx:GFP)i114. We postulated that preinoculation of larvae with yeasts would attenuate the intestinal neutrophil response and prevent modification of the larval microbiome induced by the pathogen. Microbiome study was performed by sequencing the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and prediction of metabolic pathways by Piphillin in conventionally raised larvae. Survival and the neutrophil response were both evaluated in conventional and germ-free conditions. V. anguillarum infection resulted in higher neutrophil number in the intestinal area compared to non-infected larvae in both conditions. In germ-free conditions, infected larvae pre-inoculated with yeasts showed fewer neutrophil numbers than infected larvae. In both conditions, only D. hansenii 97 increased the survival of infected larvae. Beta diversity of the microbiota was modified by V. anguillarum and both yeasts, compared to non-inoculated larvae. At 3 days post-infection, V. anguillarum modified the relative abundance of 10 genera, and pre-inoculation with D. hansenii 97 and Y. lipolytica 242 prevented the modification of 5 and 6 of these genera, respectively. Both yeasts prevent the increase of Ensifer and Vogesella identified as negative predictors for larval survival (accounting for 40 and 27 of the variance, respectively). In addition, yeast pre-inoculation prevents changes in some metabolic pathways altered by V. anguillarum’s infection. These results suggest that both yeasts and V. anguillarum can shape the larval microbiota configuration in the early developmental stage of D. rerio. Moreover, modulation of key taxa or metabolic pathways of the larval microbiome by yeasts can be associated with the survival of infected larvae. This study contributes to the understanding of yeast–pathogen–microbiome interactions, although further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando Vargas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Soledad Gutiérrez
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Caruffo
- Laboratorio Inmunologia en Peces, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Benjamín Valderrama
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel A Medina
- ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Biotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Katherine García
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angélica Reyes-Jara
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Magaly Toro
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carmen G Feijóo
- ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio Inmunologia en Peces, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,ANID - Millennium Science Initiative Program - Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
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14
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Solis CJ, Hamilton MK, Caruffo M, Garcia-Lopez JP, Navarrete P, Guillemin K, Feijoo CG. Intestinal Inflammation Induced by Soybean Meal Ingestion Increases Intestinal Permeability and Neutrophil Turnover Independently of Microbiota in Zebrafish. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1330. [PMID: 32793187 PMCID: PMC7393261 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal inflammation is a condition shared by several intestinal chronic diseases, such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, with severely detrimental consequences in the long run. Current mammalian models have considerably increased understanding of this pathological condition, highlighting the fact that, in most of the cases, it is a highly complex and multifactorial problem and difficult to deal with. Thus, there is an increasingly evident need for alternative animal models that could offer complementary approaches that have not been exploited in rodents, thereby contributing to a different view on the disease. Here, we report the effects of a soybean meal-induced intestinal inflammation model on intestinal integrity and function as well as on neutrophil recruitment and microbiota composition in zebrafish. We find that the induced intestinal inflammation process is accompanied by an increase in epithelial permeability in addition to changes in the mRNA levels of different tight junction proteins. Conversely, there was no evidence of damage of epithelial cells nor an increase in their proliferation. Of note, our results show that this intestinal inflammatory model is induced independently of the presence of microbiota. On the other hand, this inflammatory process affects intestinal physiology by decreasing protein absorption, increasing neutrophil replacement, and altering microbiota composition with a decrease in the diversity of cultivable bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila J. Solis
- Fish Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Mario Caruffo
- Fish Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan P. Garcia-Lopez
- Fish Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Karen Guillemin
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
- Humans and the Microbiome Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carmen G. Feijoo
- Fish Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
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15
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Magne F, Gotteland M, Gauthier L, Zazueta A, Pesoa S, Navarrete P, Balamurugan R. The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes Ratio: A Relevant Marker of Gut Dysbiosis in Obese Patients? Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12051474. [PMID: 32438689 PMCID: PMC7285218 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 854] [Impact Index Per Article: 213.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is emerging as a promising target for the management or prevention of inflammatory and metabolic disorders in humans. Many of the current research efforts are focused on the identification of specific microbial signatures, more particularly for those associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Some studies have described that the gut microbiota of obese animals and humans exhibits a higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio compared with normal-weight individuals, proposing this ratio as an eventual biomarker. Accordingly, the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio is frequently cited in the scientific literature as a hallmark of obesity. The aim of the present review was to discuss the validity of this potential marker, based on the great amount of contradictory results reported in the literature. Such discrepancies might be explained by the existence of interpretative bias generated by methodological differences in sample processing and DNA sequence analysis, or by the generally poor characterization of the recruited subjects and, more particularly, the lack of consideration of lifestyle-associated factors known to affect microbiota composition and/or diversity. For these reasons, it is currently difficult to associate the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio with a determined health status and more specifically to consider it as a hallmark of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Magne
- Microbiology and Mycology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (M.G.); Tel.: +56-2-2978-9627 (F.M.)
| | - Martin Gotteland
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile;
- Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago 7830490, Chile
- Correspondence: (F.M.); (M.G.); Tel.: +56-2-2978-9627 (F.M.)
| | - Lea Gauthier
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
| | - Alejandra Zazueta
- Microbiology and Mycology Program, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile;
| | - Susana Pesoa
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis, LACE Laboratories, Córdoba X5000, Argentina;
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile;
- Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago 7830490, Chile
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16
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Moreno-Switt AI, Pezoa D, Sepúlveda V, González I, Rivera D, Retamal P, Navarrete P, Reyes-Jara A, Toro M. Corrigendum: Transduction as a Potential Dissemination Mechanism of a Clonal qnrB19-Carrying Plasmid Isolated From Salmonella of Multiple Serotypes and Isolation Sources. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:547. [PMID: 32318037 PMCID: PMC7155417 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02503.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea I Moreno-Switt
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
| | - David Pezoa
- Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vanessa Sepúlveda
- Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iván González
- Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dácil Rivera
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Retamal
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angélica Reyes-Jara
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Magaly Toro
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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17
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Cires MJ, Navarrete P, Pastene E, Carrasco-Pozo C, Valenzuela R, Medina DA, Andriamihaja M, Beaumont M, Blachier F, Gotteland M. Effect of a proanthocyanidin-rich polyphenol extract from avocado on the production of amino acid-derived bacterial metabolites and the microbiota composition in rats fed a high-protein diet. Food Funct 2020; 10:4022-4035. [PMID: 31218325 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00700h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of high-protein diets (HPDs) increases the flux of undigested proteins moving to the colon. These proteins are hydrolyzed by bacterial proteases and peptidases, releasing amino acids, which in turn are metabolized by the intestinal microbiota (IM) for protein synthesis and production of various metabolites that can exert positive or deleterious effects, depending on their concentrations, at the colonic or systemic level. On the other hand, proanthocyanidins are polymers of flavan-3-ols which cannot be absorbed at the intestinal level, accumulating in the colon where they are fermented by the IM producing metabolites that appear beneficial for colonocytes and also at the peripheral level. This study evaluated the effect of an avocado peel polyphenol extract (AvPPE) rich in proanthocyanidins on the production of cecal bacterial metabolites and microbiota composition in rats fed a HPD. Compared with the normal-protein (NP) group, HPD did not markedly affect the body weight gain of the animals, but increased the kidney weight. Additionally, the HPD induced a higher cecal concentration of ammonia (NH4+/NH3), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs). The supplementation with AvPPE attenuated the production of H2S and increased the production of indole. On the other hand, the HPD affected the composition of the cecal microbiota, increasing the relative abundance of the genera Bacteroides and Lactobacillus, while decreasing Prevotella. The AvPPE counteracted the increase induced by the HPD on the genus Lactobacillus, and increased the relative abundance of [Prevotella]. Our results contribute towards explaining the health-promoting effects of proanthocyanidin-rich dietary foodstuffs including fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Cires
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile.
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile and Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
| | - Edgar Pastene
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Chile
| | - Catalina Carrasco-Pozo
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile. and Discovery Biology, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile.
| | - Daniel A Medina
- Applied Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, San Sebastian University, Lago Panguipulli 1390, Puerto Montt 5501842, Chile
| | | | - Martin Beaumont
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay, France and GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Martin Gotteland
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Chile. and Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Chile and Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
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18
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Moreno-Switt AI, Pezoa D, Sepúlveda V, González I, Rivera D, Retamal P, Navarrete P, Reyes-Jara A, Toro M. Transduction as a Potential Dissemination Mechanism of a Clonal qnrB19-Carrying Plasmid Isolated From Salmonella of Multiple Serotypes and Isolation Sources. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2503. [PMID: 31787939 PMCID: PMC6854032 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing problem worldwide, and Salmonella spp. resistance to quinolone was classified by WHO in the high priority list. Recent studies in Europe and in the US reported the presence of small plasmids carrying quinolone resistance in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from poultry and poultry products. The aims of this study were to identify and characterize plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Salmonella spp. and to investigate transduction as a possible mechanism associated to its dissemination. First, we assessed resistance to nalidixic acid and/or ciprofloxacin in 64 Salmonella spp. and detected resistance in eight of them. Genomic analyses determined that six isolates of different serotypes and sources carried an identical 2.7-kb plasmid containing the gene qnrB19 which confers quinolone resistance. The plasmid detected also has high identity with plasmids reported in the US, Europe, and South America. The presence of similar plasmids was later surveyed by PCR in a local Salmonella collection (n = 113) obtained from diverse sources: food (eggs), wild and domestic animals (pigs, horse, chicken), and human clinical cases. qnrB19-carrying plasmids were found in 8/113 Salmonella tested strains. A bioinformatics analysis including Chilean and previously described plasmids revealed over 95.0% of nucleotide identity among all the sequences obtained in this study. Furthermore, we found that a qnrB19-carrying plasmid can be transferred between Salmonella of different serotypes through a P22-mediated transduction. Altogether our results demonstrate that plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) is widespread in Salmonella enterica of different serotypes isolated from human clinical samples, wild and domestic animals, and food in Chile and suggest that transduction could be a plausible mechanism for its dissemination. The occurrence of these antimicrobial resistance elements in Salmonella in a widespread area is of public health and food safety concern, and it indicates the need for increased surveillance for the presence of these plasmids in Salmonella strains and to assess their actual impact in the rise and spread of quinolone resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea I Moreno-Switt
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Initiative for Collaborative Research on Bacterial Resistance (MICROB-R), Santiago, Chile
| | - David Pezoa
- Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vanessa Sepúlveda
- Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iván González
- Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dácil Rivera
- Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Retamal
- Departamento de Medicina Preventiva Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Pecuarias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angélica Reyes-Jara
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Magaly Toro
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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19
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Cires MJ, Navarrete P, Pastene E, Carrasco-Pozo C, Valenzuela R, Medina DA, Andriamihaja M, Beaumont M, Blachier F, Gotteland M. Protective Effect of an Avocado Peel Polyphenolic Extract Rich in Proanthocyanidins on the Alterations of Colonic Homeostasis Induced by a High-Protein Diet. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:11616-11626. [PMID: 31542929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Avocado peel, a byproduct from the avocado pulp industry, is a promising source of polyphenolic compounds. We evaluated the effect of a proanthocyanidin-rich avocado peel polyphenol extract (AvPPE) on the composition and metabolic activity of human fecal microbiota cultured for 24 h in a bioreactor in the presence of high protein (HP) amounts and the effect of the resulting culture supernatants (CSs) on HT-29Glc-/+ and Caco-2 cells. AvPPE decreased the HP-induced production of ammonia, H2S, propionate, and isovalerate and increased that of indole and butyrate. Microbiota composition was marginally affected by HP, whileAvPPE increased the microorganisms/abundance of phylum Actinobacteria, families Coriobacteriaceae and Ruminococcaceae, and genus Faecalibacterium. AvPPE failed to prevent the HP-induced decrease of HT-29Glc-/+ cell viability and energy efficiency but prevented the HP-induced alterations of barrier function in Caco-2 cells. Additionally, the genotoxic effect of the CSs upon HT-29Glc-/+ was attenuated by AvPPE. Therefore, AvPPE may be considered as a promising product for improving colonic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Cires
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine , University of Chile , Santiago 8380453 , Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA) , University of Chile , Santiago 7830490 , Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota , Santiago , Chile
| | - Edgar Pastene
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Concepción , Concepción 4030000 , Chile
- Laboratorio de Sı́ntesis y Biotransformación de Productos Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias , Universidad del Bı́o-Bı́o , Chillán 3780000 , Chile
| | - Catalina Carrasco-Pozo
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine , University of Chile , Santiago 8380453 , Chile
- Discovery Biology, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery , Griffith University , Nathan , Queensland 4111 , Australia
| | - Rodrigo Valenzuela
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine , University of Chile , Santiago 8380453 , Chile
| | - Daniel A Medina
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria , Universidad San Sebastián , Lago Panguipulli 1390 , Puerto Montt 5480000 , Chile
| | | | - Martin Beaumont
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay , Paris 75005 , France
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, ENVT , Toulouse 31326 , France
| | - François Blachier
- UMR PNCA, AgroParisTech, INRA, Université Paris-Saclay , Paris 75005 , France
| | - Martin Gotteland
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine , University of Chile , Santiago 8380453 , Chile
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA) , University of Chile , Santiago 7830490 , Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota , Santiago , Chile
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20
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Plaza N, Pérez-Reytor D, Ramírez-Araya S, Pavón A, Corsini G, Loyola DE, Jaña V, Pavéz L, Navarrete P, Bastías R, Castillo D, García K. Conservation of Small Regulatory RNAs in Vibrio parahaemolyticus: Possible role of RNA-OUT Encoded by the Pathogenicity Island (VPaI-7) of Pandemic Strains. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112827. [PMID: 31185635 PMCID: PMC6601013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) are molecules that play an important role in the regulation of gene expression. sRNAs in bacteria can affect important processes, such as metabolism and virulence. Previous studies showed a significant role of sRNAs in the Vibrio species, but knowledge about Vibrio parahaemolyticus is limited. Here, we examined the conservation of sRNAs between V. parahaemolyticus and other human Vibrio species, in addition to investigating the conservation between V. parahaemolyticus strains differing in pandemic origin. Our results showed that only 7% of sRNAs were conserved between V. parahaemolyticus and other species, but 88% of sRNAs were highly conserved within species. Nonetheless, two sRNAs coding to RNA-OUT, a component of the Tn10/IS10 system, were exclusively present in pandemic strains. Subsequent analysis showed that both RNA-OUT were located in pathogenicity island-7 and would interact with transposase VPA1379, according to the model of pairing of IS10-encoded antisense RNAs. According to the location of RNA-OUT/VPA1379, we also investigated if they were expressed during infection. We observed that the transcriptional level of VPA1379 was significantly increased, while RNA-OUT was decreased at three hours post-infection. We suggest that IS10 transcription increases in pandemic strains during infection, probably to favor IS10 transposition and improve their fitness when they are facing adverse conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Plaza
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Diliana Pérez-Reytor
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Sebastián Ramírez-Araya
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
- Departamento Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Alequis Pavón
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Gino Corsini
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - David E Loyola
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Víctor Jaña
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de las Américas, Sede Providencia, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Leonardo Pavéz
- Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Millenium nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, INTA, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
| | - Roberto Bastías
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Instituto de Biología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile.
| | - Daniel Castillo
- Marine Biological Section, University of Copenhagen, Strandpromenaden 5, DK-3000, 1353 Helsingør, Denmark.
| | - Katherine García
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile.
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21
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Quesille-Villalobos AM, Parra A, Maza F, Navarrete P, González M, Latorre M, Toro M, Reyes-Jara A. The Combined Effect of Cold and Copper Stresses on the Proliferation and Transcriptional Response of Listeria monocytogenes. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:612. [PMID: 30984140 PMCID: PMC6447683 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that can cause severe disease in susceptible humans. This microorganism has the ability to adapt to hostile environmental conditions such as the low temperatures used by the food industry for controlling microorganisms. Bacteria are able to adjust their transcriptional response to adapt to stressful conditions in order to maintain cell homeostasis. Understanding the transcriptional response of L. monocytogenes to stressing conditions could be relevant to develop new strategies to control the pathogen. A possible alternative for controlling microorganisms in the food industry could be to use copper as an antimicrobial agent. The present study characterized three L. monocytogenes strains (List2-2, Apa13-2, and Al152-2A) adapted to low temperature and challenged with different copper concentrations. Similar MIC-Cu values were observed among studied strains, but growth kinetic parameters revealed that strain List2-2 was the least affected by the presence of copper at 8°C. This strain was selected for a global transcriptional response study after a 1 h exposition to 0.5 mM of CuSO4 × 5H2O at 8 and 37°C. The results showed that L. monocytogenes apparently decreases its metabolism in response to copper, and this reduction is greater at 8°C than at 37°C. The most affected metabolic pathways were carbohydrates, lipids and nucleotides synthesis. Finally, 15 genes were selected to evaluate the conservation of the transcriptional response in the other two strains. Results indicated that only genes related to copper homeostasis showed a high degree of conservation between the strains studied, suggesting that a low number of genes is implicated in the response to copper stress in L. monocytogenes. These results contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms used by bacteria to overcome a combination of stresses. This study concluded that the application of copper in low concentrations in cold environments may help to control foodborne pathogens as L. monocytogenes in the industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Quesille-Villalobos
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angel Parra
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Maza
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio González
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation (CGR), Santiago, Chile
- Mathomics, Center for Mathematical Modeling, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Latorre
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- FONDAP Center for Genome Regulation (CGR), Santiago, Chile
- Mathomics, Center for Mathematical Modeling, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad de O’Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Magaly Toro
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angélica Reyes-Jara
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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22
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Villafranca E, Navarrete P, Sola A, Muruzabal JC, Aguirre S, Ostiz S, Sanchez C, Guarch R, Lainez N, Barrado M. Image-guided brachytherapy in cervical cancer: Experience in the Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2018; 23:510-516. [PMID: 30534014 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate dosimetric and clinical findings of MRI-guided HDR brachytherapy (HDR-B) for cervical carcinoma. Material and methods All patients had a CT, MRI and pelvic-paraaortic lymphadenectomy. Treatment: pelvic (+/-)para-aortic3D/IMRT radiotherapy (45 Gy), weekly cisplatin and HDR-B and pelvic node/parametrial boost 60 Gy until interstitial brachytherapy was done. Two implants: 2008-2011: 5 fractions of 6 Gy, 2011: 2016, 4 fractions of 7 Gy. MRI/TAC were done in each implant. The following were defined: GTV, CTH-HR, CTV-IR; OAR: rectum, bladder and sigmoid. Results From 2007 to 2016: 57 patients. Patients: T1b2-T2a: 4p, T2b 41p, T3a: 2p; T3B 8p T4a: 2p; N0: 32p, N1 21p, no lymphadenectomy: 4p. Median follow up: 74.6 m (16-122 m), recurrence: 5p local, 6p node, 9p metastasis and 37p without recurrence.Local control 5 years: 90.1%; Ib2-IIB: 94.8%, III-IVa: 72.2%. (p:0.01). RDFS 5y was 92.5%; IB2-IIB: 93%, III: 85% (p:0.024); for pN0: 100%; pN+ iliac-paraaortic: 71.4% (p: 0.007). MFS 5y was 84.1%. Overall survival (OS) at 5y: 66.6% and the cancer specific survival (CEOS) was 74%. Univariate analysis survival: stage Ib2-II 83% vs. III-IVa 41% (p = 0.001); histology: squamous 78%, adenocarcinoma 59.7% (p: ns); lymph node: N0 85% vs. PA+P- 72%, and PA+P+ 35% (p = 0.010). In relation with: HR-CTV dose > 85 Gy, CEOS: 82.5% vs. 77%, and volume CTV-HR < 30 cc: 81.8% and >30 cc: 67%; p: ns. Acute grade 2-3 toxicity: rectal 15.7%, intestinal 15.7% and vesical 15.5%. Conclusion Use of interstitial HDR-BQ guided by RM increased CTV-HR dose and local control, like EMBRACE results. Nodal boost improves RDFS and perhaps OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Villafranca
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaya Sola
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Sara Aguirre
- Gynaecologic, Hospital de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | - Rosa Guarch
- Pathological Anatomy, Hospital de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nuria Lainez
- Medical Oncology, Hospital de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Barrado
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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Toro M, Rivera D, Jiménez MF, Díaz L, Navarrete P, Reyes-Jara A. Isolation and characterization of non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) isolated from retail ground beef in Santiago, Chile. Food Microbiol 2018; 75:55-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Rivera D, Toledo V, Reyes-Jara A, Navarrete P, Tamplin M, Kimura B, Wiedmann M, Silva P, Moreno Switt AI. Approaches to empower the implementation of new tools to detect and prevent foodborne pathogens in food processing. Food Microbiol 2018; 75:126-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Pérez-Reytor D, Jaña V, Pavez L, Navarrete P, García K. Accessory Toxins of Vibrio Pathogens and Their Role in Epithelial Disruption During Infection. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2248. [PMID: 30294318 PMCID: PMC6158335 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal episodes associated with Vibrio species have been rising worldwide in the last few years. Consequently, it is important to comprehend how occurs the production of diarrhea, to establish new preventive and therapeutic measures. Besides the classical CT and TCP toxins, Zot, RTX, and Ace among others have been deeply studied in V. cholerae. However, in other Vibrio species of clinical interest, where some of these toxins have been reported, there is practically no information. Zot activates a cascade of signals inside of the cell that increase the permeability of epithelial barrier, while RTX causes depolymerization of the actin cytoskeleton and Ace increases the permeability of intestinal cell monolayers. The goal of this study is to acquire information about the distribution of these toxins in human pathogenic Vibrios and to review the progress in the study of their role in the intestinal epithelium during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diliana Pérez-Reytor
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Victor Jaña
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile
| | - Leonardo Pavez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Katherine García
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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26
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Parra A, Toro M, Jacob R, Navarrete P, Troncoso M, Figueroa G, Reyes-Jara A. Antimicrobial effect of copper surfaces on bacteria isolated from poultry meat. Braz J Microbiol 2018; 49 Suppl 1:113-118. [PMID: 30181050 PMCID: PMC6328842 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Poultry meat is a food product that usually carries high rates of microbial contamination, including foodborne pathogens. The poultry industry has established different systems to minimize these hazards. In recent years, extensive literature has demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of different contact surfaces made of copper to effectively reduce microbial loads. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of copper surfaces on the transmission of two foodborne pathogens – Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes – and a poultry native microbiota bacterial species – Enterobacter cloacae. We also evaluated the impact of the poultry meat matrix on the antimicrobial activity of a copper surface. Our results indicated that copper surfaces reduced the bacterial load quickly (<than 4 min) when the microorganisms were exposed to polished copper surfaces. Even when bacteria were inoculated on copper surfaces soiled with the organic matrix (washing water from poultry carcasses) and survival rates were significantly higher, an antimicrobial effect was still observed. Survival rates of two microorganisms simultaneously exposed to copper did not show significant differences. We found an antimicrobial effect over pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms. Results suggest a potential role for copper surfaces in the control of microbiological hazards in the poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Parra
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Magaly Toro
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ricardo Jacob
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miriam Troncoso
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guillermo Figueroa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angélica Reyes-Jara
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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27
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Valenzuela MJ, Caruffo M, Herrera Y, Medina DA, Coronado M, Feijóo CG, Muñoz S, Garrido D, Troncoso M, Figueroa G, Toro M, Reyes-Jara A, Magne F, Navarrete P. Evaluating the Capacity of Human Gut Microorganisms to Colonize the Zebrafish Larvae ( Danio rerio). Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1032. [PMID: 29896165 PMCID: PMC5987363 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we evaluated if zebrafish larvae can be colonized by human gut microorganisms. We tested two strategies: (1) through transplantation of a human fecal microbiota and (2) by successively transplanting aerotolerant anaerobic microorganisms, similar to the colonization in the human intestine during early life. We used conventionally raised zebrafish larvae harboring their own aerobic microbiota to improve the colonization of anaerobic microorganisms. The results showed with the fecal transplant, that some members of the human gut microbiota were transferred to larvae. Bacillus, Roseburia, Prevotella, Oscillospira, one unclassified genus of the family Ruminococcaceae and Enterobacteriaceae were detected in 3 days post fertilization (dpf) larvae; however only Bacillus persisted to 7 dpf. Successive inoculation of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Clostridioides did not improve their colonization, compared to individual inoculation of each bacterial species. Interestingly, the sporulating bacteria Bacillus clausii and Clostridioides difficile were the most persistent microorganisms. Their endospores persisted at least 5 days after inoculating 3 dpf larvae. However, when 5 dpf larvae were inoculated, the proportion of vegetative cells in larvae increased, revealing proliferation of the inoculated bacteria and better colonization of the host. In conclusion, these results suggest that it is feasible to colonize zebrafish larvae with some human bacteria, such as C. difficile and Bacillus and open an interesting area to study interactions between these microorganisms and the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Jose Valenzuela
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Caruffo
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yoani Herrera
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Daniel A Medina
- Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maximo Coronado
- Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carmen G Feijóo
- Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Salomé Muñoz
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Garrido
- Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miriam Troncoso
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Guillermo Figueroa
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Magaly Toro
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angelica Reyes-Jara
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabien Magne
- Microbiology and Mycology Program, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Fujio-Vejar S, Vasquez Y, Morales P, Magne F, Vera-Wolf P, Ugalde JA, Navarrete P, Gotteland M. The Gut Microbiota of Healthy Chilean Subjects Reveals a High Abundance of the Phylum Verrucomicrobia. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1221. [PMID: 28713349 PMCID: PMC5491548 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is currently recognized as an important factor regulating the homeostasis of the gastrointestinal tract and influencing the energetic metabolism of the host as well as its immune and central nervous systems. Determining the gut microbiota composition of healthy subjects is therefore necessary to establish a baseline allowing the detection of microbiota alterations in pathologic conditions. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to characterize the gut microbiota of healthy Chilean subjects using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Fecal samples were collected from 41 young, asymptomatic, normal weight volunteers (age: 25 ± 4 years; ♀:48.8%; BMI: 22.5 ± 1.6 kg/m2) with low levels of plasma (IL6 and hsCRP) and colonic (fecal calprotectin) inflammatory markers. The V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene of bacterial DNA was amplified and sequenced using MiSeq Illumina system. 109,180 ± 13,148 sequences/sample were obtained, with an α-diversity of 3.86 ± 0.37. The dominant phyla were Firmicutes (43.6 ± 9.2%) and Bacteroidetes (41.6 ± 13.1%), followed by Verrucomicrobia (8.5 ± 10.4%), Proteobacteria (2.8 ± 4.8%), Actinobacteria (1.8 ± 3.9%) and Euryarchaeota (1.4 ± 2.7%). The core microbiota representing the genera present in all the subjects included Bacteroides, Prevotella, Parabacteroides (phylum Bacteroidetes), Phascolarctobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Ruminococcus, Lachnospira, Oscillospira, Blautia, Dorea, Roseburia, Coprococcus, Clostridium, Streptococcus (phylum Firmicutes), Akkermansia (phylum Verrucomicrobia), and Collinsella (phylum Actinobacteria). Butyrate-producing genera including Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Coprococcus, and Oscillospira were detected. The family Methanobacteriaceae was reported in 83% of the subjects and Desulfovibrio, the most representative sulfate-reducing genus, in 76%. The microbiota of the Chilean individuals significantly differed from those of Papua New Guinea and the Matses ethnic group and was closer to that of the Argentinians and sub-populations from the United States. Interestingly, the microbiota of the Chilean subjects stands out for its richness in Verrucomicrobia; the mucus-degrading bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila is the only identified member of this phylum. This is an important finding considering that this microorganism has been recently proposed as a hallmark of healthy gut due to its anti-inflammatory and immunostimulant properties and its ability to improve gut barrier function, insulin sensitivity and endotoxinemia. These results constitute an important baseline that will facilitate the characterization of dysbiosis in the main diseases affecting the Chilean population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Fujio-Vejar
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of ChileSantiago, Chile.,Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Yessenia Vasquez
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del DesarrolloSantiago, Chile
| | - Pamela Morales
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Fabien Magne
- Microbiology and Mycology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Patricia Vera-Wolf
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del DesarrolloSantiago, Chile
| | - Juan A Ugalde
- Centro de Genética y Genómica, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del DesarrolloSantiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Martin Gotteland
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of ChileSantiago, Chile.,Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of ChileSantiago, Chile
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29
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Villafranca Iturre E, Rubi L, Barrado M, Sola A, Navarrete P, Manterola A, Dominguez M, Asin G, Campo M, Visus I, Martinez G. OC-0180: Prospective study of APBI With Multicatheter Brachytherapy in Local Relapses of Breast Cancer. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)30623-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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30
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Pérez-Reytor D, Plaza N, Espejo RT, Navarrete P, Bastías R, Garcia K. Role of Non-coding Regulatory RNA in the Virulence of Human Pathogenic Vibrios. Front Microbiol 2017; 7:2160. [PMID: 28123382 PMCID: PMC5225090 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.02160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the identification of small non-coding RNAs in bacteria has revealed an important regulatory mechanism of gene expression involved in the response to environmental signals and to the control of virulence. In the family Vibrionaceae, which includes several human and animal pathogens, small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) are closely related to important processes including metabolism, quorum sensing, virulence, and fitness. Studies conducted in silico and experiments using microarrays and high-throughput RNA sequencing have led to the discovery of an unexpected number of sRNAs in Vibrios. The present review discusses the most relevant reports regarding the mechanisms of action of sRNAs and their implications in the virulence of the main human pathogens in the family Vibrionaceae: Vibrio parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus and V. cholerae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diliana Pérez-Reytor
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile San Miguel, Chile
| | - Nicolás Plaza
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de ChileSan Miguel, Chile; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Romilio T Espejo
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto Bastías
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Katherine Garcia
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile San Miguel, Chile
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Caruffo M, Navarrete NC, Salgado OA, Faúndez NB, Gajardo MC, Feijóo CG, Reyes-Jara A, García K, Navarrete P. Protective Yeasts Control V. anguillarum Pathogenicity and Modulate the Innate Immune Response of Challenged Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Larvae. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2016; 6:127. [PMID: 27790411 PMCID: PMC5063852 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2016.00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated mechanisms involved in the protection of zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae by two probiotic candidate yeasts, Debaryomyces hansenii 97 (Dh97) and Yarrowia lypolitica 242 (Yl242), against a Vibrio anguillarum challenge. We determined the effect of different yeast concentrations (104-107 CFU/mL) to: (i) protect larvae from the challenge, (ii) reduce the in vivo pathogen concentration and (iii) modulate the innate immune response of the host. To evaluate the role of zebrafish microbiota in protection, the experiments were performed in conventionally raised and germ-free larvae. In vitro co-aggregation assays were performed to determine a direct yeast-pathogen interaction. Results showed that both yeasts significantly increased the survival rate of conventionally raised larvae challenged with V. anguillarum. The concentration of yeasts in larvae tended to increase with yeast inoculum, which was more pronounced for Dh97. Better protection was observed with Dh97 at a concentration of 106 CFU/mL compared to 104 CFU/mL. In germ-free conditions V. anguillarum reached higher concentrations in larvae and provoked significantly more mortality than in conventional conditions, revealing the protective role of the host microbiota. Interestingly, yeasts were equally (Dh97) or more effective (Yl242) in protecting germ-free than conventionally-raised larvae, showing that protection can be exerted only by yeasts and is not necessarily related to modulation of the host microbiota. Although none of the yeasts co-aggregated with V. anguillarum, they were able to reduce its proliferation in conventionally raised larvae, reduce initial pathogen concentration in germ-free larvae and prevent the upregulation of key components of the inflammatory/anti-inflammatory response (il1b, tnfa, c3, mpx, and il10, respectively). These results show that protection by yeasts of zebrafish larvae challenged with V. anguillarum relates to an in vivo anti-pathogen effect, the modulation of the innate immune system, and suggests that yeasts avoid the host-pathogen interaction through mechanisms independent of co-aggregation. This study shows, for the first time, the protective role of zebrafish microbiota against V. anguillarum infection, and reveals mechanisms involved in protection by two non-Saccharomyces yeasts against this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Caruffo
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Natalie C. Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Oscar A. Salgado
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Nelly B. Faúndez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Miguel C. Gajardo
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Carmen G. Feijóo
- Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Andres BelloSantiago, Chile
| | - Angélica Reyes-Jara
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Katherine García
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
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Wong X, Carrasco-Pozo C, Escobar E, Navarrete P, Blachier F, Andriamihaja M, Lan A, Tomé D, Cires MJ, Pastene E, Gotteland M. Deleterious Effect of p-Cresol on Human Colonic Epithelial Cells Prevented by Proanthocyanidin-Containing Polyphenol Extracts from Fruits and Proanthocyanidin Bacterial Metabolites. J Agric Food Chem 2016; 64:3574-3583. [PMID: 27039931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The protective effect of proanthocyanidin-containing polyphenol extracts from apples, avocados, cranberries, grapes, or proanthocyanidin microbial metabolites was evaluated in colonic epithelial cells exposed to p-cresol, a deleterious compound produced by the colonic microbiota from l-tyrosine. In HT29 Glc(-/+) cells, p-cresol significantly increased LDH leakage and decreased ATP contents, whereas in Caco-2 cell monolayers, it significantly decreased the transepithelial electrical resistance and increased the paracellular transport of FITC-dextran. The alterations induced by p-cresol in HT29 Glc(-/+) cells were prevented by the extracts from cranberries and avocados, whereas they became worse by extracts from apples and grapes. The proanthocyanidin bacterial metabolites decreased LDH leakage, ameliorating cell viability without improving intracellular ATP. All of the polyphenol extracts and proanthocyanidin bacterial metabolites prevented the p-cresol-induced alterations of barrier function. These results suggest that proanthocyanidin-containing polyphenol extracts and proanthocyanidin metabolites likely contribute to the protection of the colonic mucosa against the deleterious effects of p-cresol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Wong
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina Carrasco-Pozo
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elizabeth Escobar
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile , Santiago, Chile
| | - Franςois Blachier
- INRA/AGROPARISTECH , UMR 914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, Paris, France
| | - Mireille Andriamihaja
- INRA/AGROPARISTECH , UMR 914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, Paris, France
| | - Annaig Lan
- INRA/AGROPARISTECH , UMR 914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, Paris, France
| | - Daniel Tomé
- INRA/AGROPARISTECH , UMR 914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, Paris, France
| | - Marı́a José Cires
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
| | - Edgar Pastene
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción , Concepción, Chile
| | - Martin Gotteland
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile , Independencia 1027, Independencia, Santiago, Chile
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile , Santiago, Chile
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Morales P, Fujio S, Navarrete P, Ugalde JA, Magne F, Carrasco-Pozo C, Tralma K, Quezada M, Hurtado C, Covarrubias N, Brignardello J, Henriquez D, Gotteland M. Impact of Dietary Lipids on Colonic Function and Microbiota: An Experimental Approach Involving Orlistat-Induced Fat Malabsorption in Human Volunteers. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2016; 7:e161. [PMID: 27054579 PMCID: PMC4855161 DOI: 10.1038/ctg.2016.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: High-fat diets alter gut microbiota and barrier function, inducing metabolic endotoxemia and low-grade inflammation. Whether these effects are due to the high dietary lipid content or to the concomitant decrease of carbohydrate intake is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether higher amounts of dietary fat reaching the colon (through orlistat administration) affect the colonic ecosystem in healthy volunteers and the effect of the prebiotic oligofructose (OF) in this model. METHODS: Forty-one healthy young subjects were distributed among four groups: Control (C), Prebiotic (P), Orlistat (O), and Orlistat/Prebiotic (OP). They consumed a fat-standardized diet (60 g/day) during Week-1 (baseline) and after 1 week of washout, Week-3. During Week-3, they also received their respective treatment (Orlistat: 2 × 120 mg/day, OF: 16 g/day, and maltodextrin as placebo). A 72-h stool collection was carried out at the end of Week-1 (T0) and Week-3 (T1). Fecal fat, calprotectin, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as well as the antioxidant activity of fecal waters (ferric-reducing antioxidant power), fecal microbiota composition (by deep sequencing), and gut permeability (Sucralose/Lactulose/Mannitol test) were determined at these times. RESULTS: Fecal fat excretion was higher in the O (P=0.0050) and OP (P=0.0069) groups. This event was accompanied, in the O group, by an increased calprotectin content (P=0.047) and a decreased fecal antioxidant activity (P=0.047). However, these alterations did not alter gut barrier function and the changes observed in the composition of the fecal microbiota only affected bacterial populations with low relative abundance (<0.01%); in consequences, fecal SCFA remained mainly unchanged. Part of the colonic alterations induced by orlistat were prevented by OF administration. CONCLUSIONS: In the context of an equilibrated diet, the acute exposition of the colonic ecosystem to high amounts of dietary lipids is associated with an incremented excretion of fecal calprotectin and pro-oxidant activity of the colonic content, in the absence of significant changes in the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Morales
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sayaka Fujio
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan A Ugalde
- Center for Genomics and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabien Magne
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Karina Tralma
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - MariaPaz Quezada
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carmen Hurtado
- Gastroentenrology Section, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia Covarrubias
- Gastroentenrology Section, University of Chile Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jerusa Brignardello
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Henriquez
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Martin Gotteland
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Barrado M, Sola A, Navarrete P, Villafranca E, Rico M, Errasti M, Campo M, Visus I, Flamarique S, Rodríguez M, Martínez E. EP-1342: F-18Fluorcholine-PET/CT guide salvage therapy in biochemical failure of prostate cancer. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)32592-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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35
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Rico Oses M, Martinez E, Bermejo B, Villafranca E, Navarrete P, Errasti M, Barrado M, Campo M, Visus I, Flamarique S, Bragado L, Manterola A, Sola A, Pellejero S, Asin G, Dominguez M, Mañeru F, Arias F. EP-1766: Factors influencing on intrafraction variation in lung Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)33017-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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36
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Cordero N, Maza F, Navea-Perez H, Aravena A, Marquez-Fontt B, Navarrete P, Figueroa G, González M, Latorre M, Reyes-Jara A. Different Transcriptional Responses from Slow and Fast Growth Rate Strains of Listeria monocytogenes Adapted to Low Temperature. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:229. [PMID: 26973610 PMCID: PMC4772535 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes has become one of the principal foodborne pathogens worldwide. The capacity of this bacterium to grow at low temperatures has opened an interesting field of study in terms of the identification and classification of new strains of L. monocytogenes with different growth capacities at low temperatures. We determined the growth rate at 8°C of 110 strains of L. monocytogenes isolated from different food matrices. We identified a group of slow and fast strains according to their growth rate at 8°C and performed a global transcriptomic assay in strains previously adapted to low temperature. We then identified shared and specific transcriptional mechanisms, metabolic and cellular processes of both groups; bacterial motility was the principal process capable of differentiating the adaptation capacity of L. monocytogenes strains with different ranges of tolerance to low temperatures. Strains belonging to the fast group were less motile, which may allow these strains to achieve a greater rate of proliferation at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninoska Cordero
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Maza
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Helen Navea-Perez
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Aravena
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bárbara Marquez-Fontt
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Guillermo Figueroa
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio González
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile; Center for Genome Regulation (Fondap 15090007), Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Latorre
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Expresión Génica, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile; Center for Genome Regulation (Fondap 15090007), Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile; Mathomics, Center for Mathematical Modeling, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Angélica Reyes-Jara
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
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Caruffo M, Navarrete N, Salgado O, Díaz A, López P, García K, Feijóo CG, Navarrete P. Potential probiotic yeasts isolated from the fish gut protect zebrafish (Danio rerio) from a Vibrio anguillarum challenge. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1093. [PMID: 26500633 PMCID: PMC4596066 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the negative consequences associated with the use of antibiotics, researchers, and food producers have studied alternatives, such as probiotics, for the control of fish diseases. The probiotic properties of yeasts in aquaculture have been scarcely considered. The present study investigated the probiotic properties of local yeast strains for aquaculture application in the protection of bacterial diseases. Yeast strains (n = 15), previously isolated from the intestinal gut of healthy salmonids, yellowtail, and croaker, were evaluated for their protection of zebrafish larvae following a Vibrio anguillarum challenge. We developed an infection model on zebrafish larvae with V. anguillarum, observing rapid mortality (≥50%) 5 days post-immersion challenge. Infection of Tg(Lyz:DsRed)nz50 larvae with fluorescent-marked V. anguillarum showed the oro-intestinal as the natural route of infection concomitant with an inflammatory response of the larvae reflected by neutrophil migration outside the hematopoietic tissue. Thirteen of 15 strains increased the percentage of larvae survival after the V. anguillarum challenge, although no yeast showed in vitro anti-V. anguillarum activity. In a subset of yeasts, we explored yeast–larvae interactions using fluorescent yeast and evaluated larvae colonization by culture analysis. All fluorescent yeasts were located in the gastrointestinal tract until 5 days post-inoculation (dpi). Yeasts reached 103 CFU/larvae at 0 dpi, although the persistence until 5 dpi of the viable yeast in the gut was different among the strains. These results reveal that some yeasts isolated from the gut of fish could be potential probiotics, reducing the mortality associated to V. anguillarum challenge, and suggest that gut colonization could be involved in the protective effect. Future studies should elucidate other mechanisms involved in yeast protection and verify the beneficial effects of probiotic use in commercial fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Caruffo
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalie Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Oscar Salgado
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Angélica Díaz
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina López
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Katherine García
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile Santiago, Chile
| | - Carmen G Feijóo
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andrés Bello Santiago, Chile ; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research, Concepción Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Microbiología y Probióticos, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile Santiago, Chile
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Gotteland M, Cires MJ, Carvallo C, Vega N, Ramirez MA, Morales P, Rivas P, Astudillo F, Navarrete P, Dubos C, Figueroa A, Troncoso M, Ulloa C, Mizgier ML, Carrasco-Pozo C, Speisky H, Brunser O, Figueroa G. Probiotic screening and safety evaluation of Lactobacillus strains from plants, artisanal goat cheese, human stools, and breast milk. J Med Food 2014; 17:487-95. [PMID: 24433075 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to select autochthonous strains of Lactobacillus from stools of healthy infants and adults, human milk, artisanal goat cheese, and fruits and vegetables according to their probiotic properties and safety. From 421 strains of Lactobacillus isolated, 102 (24.2%) were shown to be tolerant to gastric pH and bile salts; they were used to determine their anti-Helicobacter pylori (agar diffusion assay), antioxidant (oxygen radical absorption capacity), and anti-inflammatory (inhibition of interleukin-8 release by tumor necrosis factor-α-stimulated HT-29 cells) activities as well as their ability to adhere to intestinal (Caco-2) and gastric (AGS) epithelial cells. Results obtained were compared with three commercial probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, L. plantarum 299v, and L. johnsonii NCC533. The five strains most efficient according to these activities were subsequently identified by sequencing their 16S rRNA gene, their susceptibility to antibiotics was determined, and their safety evaluated in mice. One strain of L. plantarum was discarded due to the higher prevalence of liver bacterial translocation observed in the animals fed this strain. In conclusion, four autochthonous strains of L. rhamnosus were finally selected with probiotic properties and safety allowing their eventual use in human studies. These results contribute to increase the diversity of probiotic strains available for the development of nutraceuticals and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gotteland
- 1 Laboratories of Microbiology and Probiotics, University of Chile , Santiago, Chile
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Errasti M, Rico M, Navarrete P, Barrado M, Campo M, Martínez E, Mañeru F, Villafranca E, Arias F, Dominguez M. EP-1181: SABR for lung lessons in patients previously treated with surgery. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)31299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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40
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Eito C, Villafranca E, Romero P, Sola A, Mora I, Pellejero S, Rico M, Asin G, Navarrete P, Errasti M, Barrado M, Arias F, Manterola A, Martínez E, Dominguez M. Prospective study of HDR brachytherapy as a boost in combination with image-guided external radiation therapy in high-risk prostate carcinoma. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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41
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Opazo R, Ortúzar F, Navarrete P, Espejo R, Romero J. Reduction of soybean meal non-starch polysaccharides and α-galactosides by solid-state fermentation using cellulolytic bacteria obtained from different environments. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44783. [PMID: 22984557 PMCID: PMC3439416 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean meal (SBM) is an important protein source in animal feed. However, the levels of SBM inclusion are restricted in some animal species by the presence of antinutritional factors (ANFs), including non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) and α-galactosides (GOSs). The aim of this study was to reduce the soybean meal NSPs and GOSs by solid-state fermentation (SSF) using a combination of cellulolytic bacteria isolated from different environments (termites, earthworms, corn silage and bovine ruminal content). To analyse the key enzymatic activities, the isolates were grown in minimal media containing NSPs extracted from SBM. The selected bacterial strains belonged to the genera Streptomyces, Cohnella and Cellulosimicrobium. SSF resulted in a reduction of nearly 24% in the total NSPs, 83% of stachyose and 69% of raffinose and an increase in the protein content. These results suggest that cellulolytic bacteria-based SSF processing facilitates SBM nutritional improvement. In addition, the use of fermented SBM in animal diets can be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Opazo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Ortúzar
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Romilio Espejo
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime Romero
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Navarrete P, Magne F, Araneda C, Fuentes P, Barros L, Opazo R, Espejo R, Romero J. PCR-TTGE analysis of 16S rRNA from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) gut microbiota reveals host-specific communities of active bacteria. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31335. [PMID: 22393360 PMCID: PMC3290605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the relative contributions of host genetics and diet in shaping the gut microbiota of rainbow trout. Full sibling fish from four unrelated families, each consisting of individuals derived from the mating of one male and one female belonging to a breeding program, were fed diets containing either vegetable proteins or vegetable oils for two months in comparison to a control diet consisting of only fish protein and fish oil. Two parallel approaches were applied on the same samples: transcriptionally active bacterial populations were examined based on RNA analysis and were compared with bacterial populations obtained from DNA analysis. Comparison of temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) profiles from DNA and RNA showed important differences, indicating that active bacterial populations were better described by RNA analysis. Results showed that some bacterial groups were significantly (P<0.05) associated with specific families, indicating that microbiota composition may be influenced by the host. In addition, the effect of diet on microbiota composition was dependent on the trout family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Navarrete
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Región Metropolitana, Chile.
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Dubos C, Vega N, Carvallo C, Navarrete P, Cerda C, Brunser O, Gotteland M. Identification of Lactobacillus spp. in colostrum from Chilean mothers. Arch Latinoam Nutr 2011; 61:66-68. [PMID: 22097291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The biodiversity of Lactobacillus spp. in colostrum samples from 116 Chilean mothers was analyzed by PCR and 16S rDNA sequencing. Lactobacilli were isolated in 55.3% of the samples, with concentrations of 3.33 +/- 0.55 (log CFU/ml). The predominant species were L. plantarum (64%), L. fermentum (16%) and L. pentosus (9%). 28% of the isolated strains were resistant to gastric pH and bile salts, suggesting that they could be used as probiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Dubos
- Lab. of Microbiology and Probiotics, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Caballero M, Navarrete P, Sabater F. [Antibiotic prophylaxis for transesophageal echocardiography]. Rev Esp Quimioter 2010; 23:156-157. [PMID: 20844847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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Navarrete P, Magne F, Mardones P, Riveros M, Opazo R, Suau A, Pochart P, Romero J. Molecular analysis of intestinal microbiota of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2010; 71:148-56. [PMID: 19780831 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00769.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate different molecular tools based on the 16S rRNA gene, internal transcribed spacer, and the rpoB gene to examine the bacterial populations present in juvenile rainbow trout intestines. DNA was extracted from both pooled intestinal samples and bacterial strains. Genes were PCR-amplified and analysed using both temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) and restriction fragment length polymorphism methods. Because of the high cultivability of the samples, representative bacterial strains were retrieved and we compared the profiles obtained from isolated bacteria with the profile of total bacteria from intestinal contents. Direct analysis based on rpoB-TTGE revealed a simple bacterial composition with two to four bands per sample, while the 16S rRNA gene-TTGE showed multiple bands and comigration for a few species. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene- and rpoB-TTGE bands revealed that the intestinal microbiota was dominated by Lactococcus lactis, Citrobacter gillenii, Kluyvera intermedia, Obesumbacterium proteus, and Shewanella marinus. In contrast to 16S rRNA gene-TTGE, rpoB-TTGE profiles derived from bacterial strains produced one band per species. Because the single-copy state of rpoB leads to a single band in TTGE, the rpoB gene is a promising molecular marker for investigating the bacterial community of the rainbow trout intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Navarrete
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Navarrete P. Réplica a la carta correspondiente al artículo publicado “Manejo inicial del ictus isquémico agudo”. Med Intensiva 2009; 33:408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2009.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Accepted: 05/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Varela F, Navarrete P, Cristobal R, Fanlo M, Melero R, Sotomayor J, Jordán M, Cabot P, Sánchez de Ron D, Calvo R, Cases A. VARIABILITY IN THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WILD ROSMARINUS OFFICINALIS L. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2009.826.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Navarrete P, Espejo RT, Romero J. Molecular analysis of microbiota along the digestive tract of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Microb Ecol 2009; 57:550-561. [PMID: 18797955 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-008-9448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2008] [Accepted: 08/28/2008] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Dominant bacterial microbiota of the gut of juvenile farmed Atlantic salmon was investigated using a combination of molecular approaches. Bacterial community composition from the stomach, the pyloric caeca, and the intestine was assessed by extracting DNA directly from each gut compartment. Temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TTGE) analysis of 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) amplicons showed very similar bacterial compositions throughout the digestive tract. Band sequencing revealed a narrow diversity of species with a dominance of Pseudomonas in the three compartments. However, cloning revealed more diversity among the Pseudomonas sequences. To confirm these results, we analyzed the bacterial community by amplifying the variable 16S-23S rDNA intergenic spacer region (ITS). Similar ITS profiles were observed among gastrointestinal compartments of salmon, confirming the TTGE results. Moreover, the dominant ITS band at 650 bp, identified as Pseudomonas, was observed in the ITS profile from fish collected in two seasons (July 2003 and 2004). In contrast, aerobic culture analysis revealed Shewanella spp. as the most prevalent isolate. This discrepancy was resolved by evaluating 16S rDNA and ITS polymerase chain reaction amplification efficiency from both Shewanella and Pseudomonas isolates. Very similar efficiencies were observed in the two bacteria. Hence, this discrepancy may be explained by preferential cultivation of Shewanella spp. under the experimental conditions. Also, we included analyses of pelleted feed and the water influent to explore environmental influences on the bacterial composition of the gut microbiota. Overall, these results indicate a homogeneous composition of the bacterial community composition along the gastrointestinal tract of reared juvenile salmon. This community is mainly composed of Pseudomonas spp., which could be derived from water influent and may be selectively associated with salmon in this hatchery.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Navarrete P, Mardones P, Opazo R, Espejo R, Romero J. Oxytetracycline treatment reduces bacterial diversity of intestinal microbiota of Atlantic salmon. J Aquat Anim Health 2008; 20:177-83. [PMID: 18942594 DOI: 10.1577/h07-043.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The effect of oxytetracycline (OTC) treatment on intestinal bacterial populations in juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar was evaluated. Oxytetracycline was administered by way of medicated feed to fish held in experimental tanks. Restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing of 16S rDNA from isolates were used to analyze the intestinal microbiota before, during, and after OTC administration. The microbiota from untreated fish was more diverse, consisting mainly of Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Flavobacterium, Psycrobacter, and Brevundimonas spp. In contrast, the microbiota of the OTC-treated group was characterized by lower diversity and consisted only of Aeromonas, clustering with A. sobria and A. salmonicida. Antibiotic-resistant isolates were identified as Aeromonas spp.; sequencing the resistance determinant showed it to be the tetE gene. Overall, OTC treatment changed the composition of the intestinal microbiota of Atlantic salmon, as evidenced by a reduction in bacterial diversity. These results support the current concern that antibiotic treatment can facilitate the proliferation of opportunistic bacteria by eradicating competing microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Navarrete
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, El Líbano 5524, Macul, 6903625 Santiago, Chile
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Romero J, Navarrete P. 16S rDNA-based analysis of dominant bacterial populations associated with early life stages of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Microb Ecol 2006; 51:422-30. [PMID: 16598631 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-006-9037-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2005] [Accepted: 10/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we used a 16S rDNA-based approach to determine bacterial populations associated with coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in its early life stages, highlighting dominant bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract during growth in freshwater. The present article is the first molecular analysis of bacterial communities of coho salmon. Cultivability of the salmon gastrointestinal microbiota was estimated by comparison of direct microscopic counts (using acridine orange) with colony counts (in tryptone soy agar). In general, a low fraction (about 1%) of the microbiota could be recovered as cultivable bacteria. Using DNA extracted directly from individuals belonging to the same lot, bacterial communities present in eggs and gastrointestinal tract of first-feeding fries and juveniles were monitored by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). The DGGE profiles revealed simple communities in all stages and exposed changes in bacterial community during growth. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of excised DGGE bands revealed the nature of the main bacteria found in each stage. In eggs, the dominant bacteria belonged to beta-Proteobacteria (Janthinobacterium and Rhodoferax). During the first feeding stage, the most abundant bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract clustered with gamma-Proteobacteria (Shewanella and Aeromonas). In juveniles ranging from 2 to 15 g, prevailing bacteria were Pseudomonas and Aeromonas. To determine the putative origin of dominant Pseudomonas and Aeromonas found in juvenile gastrointestinal tracts, primers for these groups were designed based on sequences retrieved from DGGE gel. Subsequently, samples of the water influent, pelletized feed, and eggs were analyzed by PCR amplification. Only those amplicons obtained from samples of eggs and the water influent presented identical sequences to the dominant bands of DGGE. Overall, our results suggest that a stable microbiota is established after the first feeding stages and its major components could be derived from water and egg epibiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Romero
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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