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Abouelhadid S, Atkins ER, Kay EJ, Passmore IJ, North SJ, Lehri B, Hitchen P, Bakke E, Rahman M, Bossé JT, Li Y, Terra VS, Langford PR, Dell A, Wren BW, Cuccui J. Development of a novel glycoengineering platform for the rapid production of conjugate vaccines. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:159. [PMID: 37596672 PMCID: PMC10436394 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02125-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Conjugate vaccines produced either by chemical or biologically conjugation have been demonstrated to be safe and efficacious in protection against several deadly bacterial diseases. However, conjugate vaccine assembly and production have several shortcomings which hinders their wider availability. Here, we developed a tool, Mobile-element Assisted Glycoconjugation by Insertion on Chromosome, MAGIC, a novel biotechnological platform that overcomes the limitations of the current conjugate vaccine design method(s). As a model, we focused our design on a leading bioconjugation method using N-oligosaccharyltransferase (OTase), PglB. The installation of MAGIC led to at least twofold increase in glycoconjugate yield via MAGIC when compared to conventional N-OTase based bioconjugation method(s). Then, we improved MAGIC to (a) allow rapid installation of glycoengineering component(s), (b) omit the usage of antibiotics, (c) reduce the dependence on protein induction agents. Furthermore, we show the modularity of the MAGIC platform in performing glycoengineering in bacterial species that are less genetically tractable than the commonly used Escherichia coli. The MAGIC system promises a rapid, robust and versatile method to develop vaccines against serious bacterial pathogens. We anticipate the utility of the MAGIC platform could enhance vaccines production due to its compatibility with virtually any bioconjugation method, thus expanding vaccine biopreparedness toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Abouelhadid
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Elizabeth R Atkins
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Emily J Kay
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Ian J Passmore
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Simon J North
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Burhan Lehri
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Paul Hitchen
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Eirik Bakke
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Mohammed Rahman
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Janine T Bossé
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Yanwen Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Vanessa S Terra
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Paul R Langford
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, W2 1NY, UK
| | - Anne Dell
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Brendan W Wren
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Jon Cuccui
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
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2
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Passmore IJ, Faulds-Pain A, Abouelhadid S, Harrison MA, Hall CL, Hitchen P, Dell A, Heap JT, Wren BW. A combinatorial DNA assembly approach to biosynthesis of N-linked glycans in E. coli. Glycobiology 2023; 33:138-149. [PMID: 36637423 PMCID: PMC9990991 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwac082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycoengineering of recombinant glycans and glycoconjugates is a rapidly evolving field. However, the production and exploitation of glycans has lagged behind that of proteins and nucleic acids. Biosynthetic glycoconjugate production requires the coordinated cooperation of three key components within a bacterial cell: a substrate protein, a coupling oligosaccharyltransferase, and a glycan biosynthesis locus. While the acceptor protein and oligosaccharyltransferase are the products of single genes, the glycan is a product of a multigene metabolic pathway. Typically, the glycan biosynthesis locus is cloned and transferred en bloc from the native organism to a suitable Escherichia coli strain. However, gene expression within these pathways has been optimized by natural selection in the native host and is unlikely to be optimal for heterologous production in an unrelated organism. In recent years, synthetic biology has addressed the challenges in heterologous expression of multigene systems by deconstructing these pathways and rebuilding them from the bottom up. The use of DNA assembly methods allows the convenient assembly of such pathways by combining defined parts with the requisite coding sequences in a single step. In this study, we apply combinatorial assembly to the heterologous biosynthesis of the Campylobacter jejuni N-glycosylation (pgl) pathway in E. coli. We engineered reconstructed biosynthesis clusters that faithfully reproduced the C. jejuni heptasaccharide glycan. Furthermore, following a single round of combinatorial assembly and screening, we identified pathway clones that outperform glycan and glycoconjugate production of the native unmodified pgl cluster. This platform offers a flexible method for optimal engineering of glycan structures in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian J Passmore
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Department of Infection Biology, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | | | - Sherif Abouelhadid
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Department of Infection Biology, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Mark A Harrison
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Department of Infection Biology, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Catherine L Hall
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Department of Infection Biology, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Paul Hitchen
- Imperial College London, Department of Life Sciences, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Anne Dell
- Imperial College London, Department of Life Sciences, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - John T Heap
- University of Nottingham, School of Life Sciences, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Brendan W Wren
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Department of Infection Biology, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
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3
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Abouelhadid S, North SJ, Hitchen P, Vohra P, Chintoan-Uta C, Stevens M, Dell A, Cuccui J, Wren BW. Quantitative Analyses Reveal Novel Roles for N-Glycosylation in a Major Enteric Bacterial Pathogen. mBio 2019; 10:e00297-19. [PMID: 31015322 PMCID: PMC6478998 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00297-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, glycosylation plays a role in proteome stability, protein quality control, and modulating protein function; however, similar studies in bacteria are lacking. Here, we investigate the roles of general protein glycosylation systems in bacteria using the enteropathogen Campylobacter jejuni as a well-defined example. By using a quantitative proteomic strategy, we were able to monitor changes in the C. jejuni proteome when glycosylation is disrupted. We demonstrate that in C. jejuni, N-glycosylation is essential to maintain proteome stability and protein quality control. These findings guided us to investigate the role of N-glycosylation in modulating bacterial cellular activities. In glycosylation-deficient C. jejuni, the multidrug efflux pump and electron transport pathways were significantly impaired. We demonstrate that in vivo, fully glycosylation-deficient C. jejuni bacteria were unable to colonize its natural avian host. These results provide the first evidence of a link between proteome stability and complex functions via a bacterial general glycosylation system.IMPORTANCE Advances in genomics and mass spectrometry have revealed several types of glycosylation systems in bacteria. However, why bacterial proteins are modified remains poorly defined. Here, we investigated the role of general N-linked glycosylation in a major food poisoning bacterium, Campylobacter jejuni The aim of this study is to delineate the direct and indirect effects caused by disrupting this posttranslational modification. To achieve this, we employed a quantitative proteomic strategy to monitor alterations in the C. jejuni proteome. Our quantitative proteomic results linked general protein N-glycosylation to maintaining proteome stability. Functional analyses revealed novel roles for bacterial N-glycosylation in modulating multidrug efflux pump, enhancing nitrate reduction activity, and promoting host-microbe interaction. This work provides insights on the importance of general glycosylation in proteins in maintaining bacterial physiology, thus expanding our knowledge of the emergence of posttranslational modification in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Abouelhadid
- Department of Pathogen Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J North
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Hitchen
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Prerna Vohra
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Cosmin Chintoan-Uta
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Stevens
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Dell
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jon Cuccui
- Department of Pathogen Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Brendan W Wren
- Department of Pathogen Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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4
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Dean J, Kolsum U, Hitchen P, Gupta V, Singh D. Clinical characteristics of COPD patients with tidal expiratory flow limitation. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12:1503-1506. [PMID: 28579768 PMCID: PMC5446959 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s137865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have used impulse oscillometry to identify COPD patients with tidal expiratory flow limitation (EFL), which is a measurement related to small airway disease. We report that 37.4% of COPD patients had EFL; these patients had multiple clinical characteristics of more severe disease including lower forced expiratory volume in 1 second values, greater hyperinflation, reduced exercise performance, and increased small airway impairment. We highlight that EFL can be used to identify a subgroup of COPD patients with distinct characteristics associated with small airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Umme Kolsum
- Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester.,Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Dave Singh
- Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester.,Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Kolsum U, Ravi A, Hitchen P, Maddi S, Southworth T, Singh D. Clinical characteristics of eosinophilic COPD versus COPD patients with a history of asthma. Respir Res 2017; 18:73. [PMID: 28446172 PMCID: PMC5405469 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0559-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophilic COPD appears to be a distinct patient subgroup with an increased corticosteroid response. Eosinophilic COPD has been labelled as part of the asthma COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS). We compared the clinical characteristics of eosinophilic COPD patients (without any clinical history of asthma) and COPD patients with a childhood history of asthma. COPD patients with asthma were characterised by more allergies and more exacerbations, but less eosinophilic inflammation. While terms such as "ACOS" are used to "lump" patients together, we report distinct differences between eosinophilic COPD and COPD patients with asthma, and propose that these groups should be split rather than lumped.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Kolsum
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M23 9QZ UK
- The Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester, M23 9QZ UK
| | - Arjun Ravi
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M23 9QZ UK
- The Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester, M23 9QZ UK
| | - Paul Hitchen
- The Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester, M23 9QZ UK
| | - Satyanarayana Maddi
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M23 9QZ UK
| | - Thomas Southworth
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M23 9QZ UK
| | - Dave Singh
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M23 9QZ UK
- The Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester, M23 9QZ UK
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Bouché L, Panico M, Hitchen P, Binet D, Sastre F, Faulds-Pain A, Valiente E, Vinogradov E, Aubry A, Fulton K, Twine S, Logan SM, Wren BW, Dell A, Morris HR. The Type B Flagellin of Hypervirulent Clostridium difficile Is Modified with Novel Sulfonated Peptidylamido-glycans. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:25439-25449. [PMID: 27758867 PMCID: PMC5207245 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.749481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation of flagellins is a well recognized property of many bacterial species. In this study, we describe the structural characterization of novel flagellar glycans from a number of hypervirulent strains of C. difficile. We used mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS and MS/MS analysis) to identify a number of putative glycopeptides that carried a variety of glycoform substitutions, each of which was linked through an initial N-acetylhexosamine residue to Ser or Thr. Detailed analysis of a LLDGSSTEIR glycopeptide released by tryptic digestion, which carried two variant structures, revealed that the glycopeptide contained, in addition to carbohydrate moieties, a novel structural entity. A variety of electrospray-MS strategies using Q-TOF technology were used to define this entity, including positive and negative ion collisionally activated decomposition MS/MS, which produced unique fragmentation patterns, and high resolution accurate mass measurement to allow derivation of atomic compositions, leading to the suggestion of a taurine-containing peptidylamido-glycan structure. Finally, NMR analysis of flagellin glycopeptides provided complementary information. The glycan portion of the modification was assigned as α-Fuc3N-(1→3)-α-Rha-(1→2)-α-Rha3OMe-(1→3)-β-GlcNAc-(1→)Ser, and the novel capping moiety was shown to be comprised of taurine, alanine, and glycine. This is the first report of a novel O-linked sulfonated peptidylamido-glycan moiety decorating a flagellin protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bouché
- From the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Panico
- From the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Hitchen
- From the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Binet
- BioPharmaSpec, Suite 3.1 Lido Medical Centre, St. Saviours Road, Jersey JE2 7LA, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Sastre
- From the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Faulds-Pain
- the Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Esmeralda Valiente
- the Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Evgeny Vinogradov
- the Vaccine Program, Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada, and
| | - Annie Aubry
- the Vaccine Program, Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada, and
| | - Kelly Fulton
- the Vaccine Program, Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada, and
| | - Susan Twine
- the Vaccine Program, Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada, and
| | - Susan M Logan
- the Vaccine Program, Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada, and
| | - Brendan W Wren
- the Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Dell
- From the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom,
| | - Howard R Morris
- From the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.,BioPharmaSpec, Suite 3.1 Lido Medical Centre, St. Saviours Road, Jersey JE2 7LA, United Kingdom
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7
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Valiente E, Bouché L, Hitchen P, Faulds-Pain A, Songane M, Dawson LF, Donahue E, Stabler RA, Panico M, Morris HR, Bajaj-Elliott M, Logan SM, Dell A, Wren BW. Role of Glycosyltransferases Modifying Type B Flagellin of Emerging Hypervirulent Clostridium difficile Lineages and Their Impact on Motility and Biofilm Formation. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:25450-25461. [PMID: 27703012 PMCID: PMC5207246 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.749523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridium difficile is the principal cause of nosocomial infectious diarrhea worldwide. The pathogen modifies its flagellin with either a type A or type B O-linked glycosylation system, which has a contributory role in pathogenesis. We study the functional role of glycosyltransferases modifying type B flagellin in the 023 and 027 hypervirulent C. difficile lineages by mutagenesis of five putative glycosyltransferases and biosynthetic genes. We reveal their roles in the biosynthesis of the flagellin glycan chain and demonstrate that flagellar post-translational modification affects motility and adhesion-related bacterial properties of these strains. We show that the glycosyltransferases 1 and 2 (GT1 and GT2) are responsible for the sequential addition of a GlcNAc and two rhamnoses, respectively, and that GT3 is associated with the incorporation of a novel sulfonated peptidyl-amido sugar moiety whose structure is reported in our accompanying paper (Bouché, L., Panico, M., Hitchen, P., Binet, D., Sastre, F., Faulds-Pain, A., Valiente, E., Vinogradov, E., Aubry, A., Fulton, K., Twine, S., Logan, S. M., Wren, B. W., Dell, A., and Morris, H. R. (2016) J. Biol. Chem. 291, 25439–25449). GT2 is also responsible for methylation of the rhamnoses. Whereas type B modification is not required for flagellar assembly, some mutations that result in truncation or abolition of the glycan reduce bacterial motility and promote autoaggregation and biofilm formation. The complete lack of flagellin modification also significantly reduces adhesion of C. difficile to Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells but does not affect activation of human TLR5. Our study advances our understanding of the genes involved in flagellar glycosylation and their biological roles in emerging hypervirulent C. difficile strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmeralda Valiente
- From the Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Bouché
- the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Hitchen
- the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra Faulds-Pain
- From the Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Mario Songane
- the Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa F Dawson
- From the Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Donahue
- From the Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A Stabler
- From the Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Panico
- the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Howard R Morris
- the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.,BioPharmaSpec Ltd., Suite 3.1, Lido Medical Centre, St. Saviours Road, Jersey JE2 7LA, United Kingdom
| | - Mona Bajaj-Elliott
- the Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Susan M Logan
- the Vaccine Program, Human Health Therapeutics Portfolio, National Research Council, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada, and
| | - Anne Dell
- the Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Brendan W Wren
- From the Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom,
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Hitchen P, Brzostek J, Panico M, Butler JA, Morris HR, Dell A, Linton D. Modification of the Campylobacter jejuni flagellin glycan by the product of the Cj1295 homopolymeric-tract-containing gene. Microbiology (Reading) 2010; 156:1953-1962. [PMID: 20338909 PMCID: PMC3068675 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.038091-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Campylobacter jejuni flagellin protein is O-glycosylated with structural analogues of the nine-carbon sugar pseudaminic acid. The most common modifications in the C. jejuni 81-176 strain are the 5,7-di-N-acetylated derivative (Pse5Ac7Ac) and an acetamidino-substituted version (Pse5Am7Ac). Other structures detected include O-acetylated and N-acetylglutamine-substituted derivatives (Pse5Am7Ac8OAc and Pse5Am7Ac8GlnNAc, respectively). Recently, a derivative of pseudaminic acid modified with a di-O-methylglyceroyl group was detected in C. jejuni NCTC 11168 strain. The gene products required for Pse5Ac7Ac biosynthesis have been characterized, but those genes involved in generating other structures have not. We have demonstrated that the mobility of the NCTC 11168 flagellin protein in SDS-PAGE gels can vary spontaneously and we investigated the role of single nucleotide repeats or homopolymeric-tract-containing genes from the flagellin glycosylation locus in this process. One such gene, Cj1295, was shown to be responsible for structural changes in the flagellin glycoprotein. Mass spectrometry demonstrated that the Cj1295 gene is required for glycosylation with the di-O-methylglyceroyl-modified version of pseudaminic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Hitchen
- Centre for Integrative Systems Biology at Imperial College, Faculty of Natural Science, Imperial College, London SW7 2AY, UK.,Division of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Science, Imperial College, London SW7 2AY, UK
| | - Joanna Brzostek
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Science, Imperial College, London SW7 2AY, UK
| | - Maria Panico
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Science, Imperial College, London SW7 2AY, UK
| | - Jonathan A Butler
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Howard R Morris
- M-SCAN Ltd, Wokingham, Berkshire RG41 2TZ, UK.,Division of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Science, Imperial College, London SW7 2AY, UK
| | - Anne Dell
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Science, Imperial College, London SW7 2AY, UK
| | - Dennis Linton
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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Qazi O, Hitchen P, Tissot B, Panico M, Morris HR, Dell A, Fairweather N. Mass spectrometric analysis of the S-layer proteins from Clostridium difficile demonstrates the absence of glycosylation. J Mass Spectrom 2009; 44:368-374. [PMID: 18932172 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Like many other bacterial cell surfaces, the cell wall of Clostridium difficile is also encapsulated by a proteinaceous paracrystalline layer, the surface (S)-layer. In many bacterial species, the S-layer proteins (SLPs) have been shown to be glycosylated, whereas in other species glycosylation is absent. Unusually, the S-layer of C. difficile is composed of two distinct proteins, the high-molecular weight (HMW) and low-molecular-weight (LMW) SLPs. Previous investigations have reported that one or both of these SLPs are glycosylated, though no definitive study has been conducted. We have used a variety of mass spectrometric approaches to analyse SLPs from a number of strains of C. difficile for the presence of associated glycans. Analysis of intact SLPs by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation time of flight (MALDI-ToF) mass spectrometry demonstrated that the observed molecular masses matched the predicted masses of the LMW and HMW SLPs. Furthermore, analysis of Cyanogen bromide (CNBr) and tryptic peptides displayed no evidence of post-translational modification. In the first in-depth study of its kind, we unequivocally demonstrate that the S-layer proteins from the C. difficile strains investigated are not glycosylated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Qazi
- Division of Molecular and Cell Biology, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
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Wehmeier S, Varghese AS, Gurcha SS, Tissot B, Panico M, Hitchen P, Morris HR, Besra GS, Dell A, Smith MCM. Glycosylation of the phosphate binding protein, PstS, in Streptomyces coelicolor by a pathway that resembles protein O-mannosylation in eukaryotes. Mol Microbiol 2008; 71:421-33. [PMID: 19017269 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06536.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Previously mutations in a putative protein O-mannosyltransferase (SCO3154, Pmt) and a polyprenol phosphate mannose synthase (SCO1423, Ppm1) were found to cause resistance to phage, phiC31, in the antibiotic producing bacteria Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). It was proposed that these two enzymes were part of a protein O-glycosylation pathway that was necessary for synthesis of the phage receptor. Here we provide the evidence that Pmt and Ppm1 are indeed both required for protein O-glycosylation. The phosphate binding protein PstS was found to be glycosylated with a trihexose in the S. coelicolor parent strain, J1929, but not in the pmt(-) derivative, DT1025. Ppm1 was necessary for the transfer of mannose to endogenous polyprenol phosphate in membrane preparations of S. coelicolor. A mutation in ppm1 that conferred an E218V substitution in Ppm1 abolished mannose transfer and glycosylation of PstS. Mass spectrometry analysis of extracted lipids showed the presence of a glycosylated polyprenol phosphate (PP) containing nine repeated isoprenyl units (C(45)-PP). S. coelicolor membranes were also able to catalyse the transfer of mannose to peptides derived from PstS, indicating that these could be targets for Pmt in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wehmeier
- School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
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Tatituri RVV, Alderwick LJ, Mishra AK, Nigou J, Gilleron M, Krumbach K, Hitchen P, Giordano A, Morris HR, Dell A, Eggeling L, Besra GS. Structural characterization of a partially arabinosylated lipoarabinomannan variant isolated from a Corynebacterium glutamicum ubiA mutant. Microbiology (Reading) 2007; 153:2621-2629. [PMID: 17660426 PMCID: PMC2884958 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.2007/008078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Arabinan polysaccharide side-chains are present in both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Corynebacterium glutamicum in the heteropolysaccharide arabinogalactan (AG), and in M. tuberculosis in the lipoglycan lipoarabinomannan (LAM). This study shows by quantitative sugar and glycosyl linkage analysis that C. glutamicum possesses a much smaller LAM version, Cg-LAM, characterized by single t-Araf residues linked to the α(1→6)-linked mannan backbone. MALDI-TOF MS showed an average molecular mass of 13 800–15 400 Da for Cg-LAM. The biosynthetic origin of Araf residues found in the extracytoplasmic arabinan domain of AG and LAM is well known to be provided by decaprenyl-monophosphoryl-d-arabinose (DPA). However, the characterization of LAM in a C. glutamicum : : ubiA mutant devoid of prenyltransferase activity and devoid of DPA-dependent arabinan deposition into AG revealed partial formation of LAM, albeit with a slightly altered molecular mass. These data suggest that in addition to DPA utilization as an Araf donor, alternative pathways exist in Corynebacterianeae for Araf delivery, possibly via an unknown sugar nucleotide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luke J. Alderwick
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Arun K. Mishra
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Jerome Nigou
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, UMR CNRS 5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Martine Gilleron
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, UMR CNRS 5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Karin Krumbach
- Institute for Biotechnology 1, Research Centre Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - Paul Hitchen
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Assunta Giordano
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80078 Pozzuoli (NA), Italy
| | - Howard R. Morris
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- M-Scan Ltd., Wokingham RG41 2TZ, UK
| | - Anne Dell
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Lothar Eggeling
- Institute for Biotechnology 1, Research Centre Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - Gurdyal S. Besra
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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Abu-Qarn M, Yurist-Doutsch S, Giordano A, Trauner A, Morris HR, Hitchen P, Medalia O, Dell A, Eichler J. Haloferax volcanii AglB and AglD are involved in N-glycosylation of the S-layer glycoprotein and proper assembly of the surface layer. J Mol Biol 2007; 374:1224-36. [PMID: 17996897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2007] [Revised: 10/07/2007] [Accepted: 10/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of deleting two genes previously implicated in Haloferax volcanii N-glycosylation on the assembly and attachment of a novel Asn-linked pentasaccharide decorating the H. volcanii S-layer glycoprotein were considered. Mass spectrometry revealed the pentasaccharide to comprise two hexoses, two hexuronic acids and an additional 190 Da saccharide. The absence of AglD prevented addition of the final hexose to the pentasaccharide, while cells lacking AglB were unable to N-glycosylate the S-layer glycoprotein. In AglD-lacking cells, the S-layer glycoprotein-based surface layer presented both an architecture and protease susceptibility different from the background strain. By contrast, the absence of AglB resulted in enhanced release of the S-layer glycoprotein. H. volcanii cells lacking these N-glycosylation genes, moreover, grew significantly less well at elevated salt levels than did cells of the background strain. Thus, these results offer experimental evidence showing that N-glycosylation endows H. volcanii with an ability to maintain an intact and stable cell envelope in hypersaline surroundings, ensuring survival in this extreme environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Abu-Qarn
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University, Beersheva 84105, Israel
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13
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Tatituri RVV, Illarionov PA, Dover LG, Nigou J, Gilleron M, Hitchen P, Krumbach K, Morris HR, Spencer N, Dell A, Eggeling L, Besra GS. Inactivation of Corynebacterium glutamicum NCgl0452 and the role of MgtA in the biosynthesis of a novel mannosylated glycolipid involved in lipomannan biosynthesis. J Biol Chem 2006; 282:4561-4572. [PMID: 17179146 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m608695200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis PimB has been demonstrated to catalyze the addition of a mannose residue from GDP-mannose to a monoacylated phosphatidyl-myo-inositol mannoside (Ac(1)PIM(1)) to generate Ac(1)PIM(2). Herein, we describe the disruption of its probable orthologue Cg-pimB and the chemical analysis of glycolipids and lipoglycans isolated from wild type Corynebacterium glutamicum and the C. glutamicum::pimB mutant. Following a careful analysis, two related glycolipids, Gl-A and Gl-X, were found in the parent strain, but Gl-X was absent from the mutant. The biosynthesis of Gl-X was restored in the mutant by complementation with either Cg-pimB or Mt-pimB. Subsequent chemical analyses established Gl-X as 1,2-di-O-C(16)/C(18:1)-(alpha-d-mannopyranosyl)-(1-->4)-(alpha-d-glucopyranosyluronic acid)-(1-->3)-glycerol (ManGlcAGroAc(2)) and Gl-A as the precursor, GlcAGroAc(2). In addition, C. glutamicum::pimB was still able to produce Ac(1)PIM(2), suggesting that Cg-PimB catalyzes the synthesis of ManGlcAGroAc(2) from GlcAGroAc(2). Isolation of lipoglycans from C. glutamicum led to the identification of two related lipoglycans. The larger lipoglycan possessed a lipoarabinomannan-like structure, whereas the smaller lipoglycan was similar to lipomannan (LM). The absence of ManGlcA-GroAc(2) in C. glutamicum::pimB led to a severe reduction in LM. These results suggested that ManGlcAGroAc(2) was further extended to an LM-like molecule. Complementation of C. glutamicum::pimB with Cg-pimB and Mt-pimB led to the restoration of LM biosynthesis. As a result, Cg-PimB, which we have assigned as MgtA, is now clearly defined as a GDP-mannose-dependent alpha-mannosyltransferase from our in vitro analyses and is involved in the biosynthesis of ManGlcAGroAc(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju V V Tatituri
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Petr A Illarionov
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Lynn G Dover
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Jerome Nigou
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, UMR CNRS 5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Martine Gilleron
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, UMR CNRS 5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Paul Hitchen
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Karin Krumbach
- Institute for Biotechnology 1, Research Centre Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - Howard R Morris
- Division of Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; M-SCAN Mass Spectrometry Research and Training Centre, Wokingham, Berks RG41 2TZ, United Kingdom, and the
| | - Neil Spencer
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Dell
- Institute for Biotechnology 1, Research Centre Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - Lothar Eggeling
- Institute for Biotechnology 1, Research Centre Juelich, D-52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - Gurdyal S Besra
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
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Dell A, Sutton-Smith M, Panico M, Chalabi S, Wong NK, Hitchen P, Jang-Lee J, North S, Ledger V, Parry S, Haslam S, Morris H. MS strategies for high throughput glycomics and glyco-proteomics. Int J Exp Pathol 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.0959-9673.2004.0390e.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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