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Prevalence and Morphological Pattern of Haematopoietic Malignancy Involving Oral Cavity at a Tertiary Care Hospital, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India. J Clin Diagn Res 2022. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2022/59447.17281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Lymphomas, a cancer of lymphoid tissue (either B-or T-lymphocytes) are the second most common malignant tumour in the head and neck after squamous cell carcinoma. Extranodal Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) in the oral cavity is thought to be rather uncommon. Aim: To study the prevalence and morphology of oral cavity-related haematopoietic malignancies. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study on 1089 cases of oral lesions at a Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India, was undertaken in the Pathology Department from July 2012 to July 2022. Demographic information including age, sex, clinical information, histopathological diagnosis, and investigational details were recorded. Morphology of oral cavity lesion was considered as primary outcome variable and the data was represented in frequency and percentage and the descriptive analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0. Results: A total of 1089 patients, age distribution range from 10-70 years were analysed in this study. Majority were noted among 41-50 years 423 (38.8%), followed by 51-60 years 257 (23.5%). Buccal mucosa was the commonest site for lymphomas constituting 510 (46.8%), gingiva occupied 132 (12.2%). All Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (NHL) (N=3) cases were reported as B cell lymphoma constituting 03 (100%). Conclusion: Non Hodgkins Lymphoma in oral cavity is very rare in occurrence and amongst them B-cell form of oral NHL was more frequent. It should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of intraoral malignant diseases.
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SUN-028 IN VITRO STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN D ON IOHEXOL-INDUCED FERROTOXICITY OF RENAL CELLS. Kidney Int Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.02.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Resource Offload Consolidation Based on Deep-Reinforcement Learning Approach in Cyber-Physical Systems. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EMERGING TOPICS IN COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1109/tetci.2020.3044082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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581 A genome-wide screen identifies YAP/WBP2/TEAD interplay conferring growth advantage on human epidermal stem cells. J Invest Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.07.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Impact of stainless-steel welding fumes on proteins and non-coding RNAs regulating DNA damage response in the respiratory tract of Sprague-Dawley rats. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2018; 81:1231-1245. [PMID: 30507362 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2018.1550027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Substantial evidence has established the negative impact of inhalation exposure to welding fumes on respiratory functions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of welding fume inhalation on expression of molecules that function as sensors, transducers and effectors of DNA damage response (DDR) in the respiratory tract of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were exposed to 50 mg/m3 stainless steel welding fumes for 1 h/d for 4, 8, and 12 weeks, respectively. Histological examination demonstrated preneoplastic changes in trachea and bronchi with focal atelectasis and accumulation of chromium (Cr) in the lungs. This was associated with elevated levels of DNA damage markers (8-oxodG, γH2AX), ATM phosphorylation, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis induction, activation of homologous recombination (HR), non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), and Nrf2 signaling, as well as altered expression of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). However, after 12 weeks of exposure, DDR was compromised as reflected by resumption of the cell cycle, repair inhibition, and failure of apoptosis. Data demonstrate that exposure to welding fumes influences two crucial layers of DDR regulation, phosphorylation of key proteins in NHEJ and HR, as well as the ncRNAs that epigenetically modulate DDR. Evidence indicates that marked DNA damage coupled with non-productive DNA repair and apoptosis avoidance may be involved in neoplastic transformation.
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A random-matrix theory of the number sense. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2018; 373:rstb.2017.0253. [PMID: 29292354 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Number sense, a spontaneous ability to process approximate numbers, has been documented in human adults, infants and newborns, and many other animals. Species as distant as monkeys and crows exhibit very similar neurons tuned to specific numerosities. How number sense can emerge in the absence of learning or fine tuning is currently unknown. We introduce a random-matrix theory of self-organized neural states where numbers are coded by vectors of activation across multiple units, and where the vector codes for successive integers are obtained through multiplication by a fixed but random matrix. This cortical implementation of the 'von Mises' algorithm explains many otherwise disconnected observations ranging from neural tuning curves in monkeys to looking times in neonates and cortical numerotopy in adults. The theory clarifies the origin of Weber-Fechner's Law and yields a novel and empirically validated prediction of multi-peak number neurons. Random matrices constitute a novel mechanism for the emergence of brain states coding for quantity.This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'The origins of numerical abilities'.
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Investigation on the catalytic activity of aminosilane stabilized gold nanocatalysts towards the reduction of nitroaromatics. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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0927 SLEEP IN SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES. Sleep 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Workload consolidation techniques to optimise energy in cloud: review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTERNET PROTOCOL TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1504/ijipt.2017.10005941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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SkIndia quiz 42: Multiple slow-growing papulonodular lesions over the nose. Indian Dermatol Online J 2017. [DOI: 10.4103/2229-5178.214951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Workload consolidation techniques to optimise energy in cloud: review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTERNET PROTOCOL TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1504/ijipt.2017.085190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Procedures for risk-stratification of lung cancer using buccal nanocytology. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:3795-3810. [PMID: 27699138 PMCID: PMC5030050 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.003795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths in the U.S. with survival dramatically depending on stage at diagnosis. We had earlier reported that nanocytology of buccal cells can accurately risk-stratify smokers for the presence of early and late-stage lung cancer. To translate the technique into clinical practice, standardization of operating procedures is necessary to consistently yield precise and repeatable results. Here, we develop and validate simple, robust, and easily implementable procedures for specimen collection, processing, etc. in addition to a commercially-viable instrument prototype. Results of this work enable translation of the technology from academic lab to physicians' office.
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Differential elastic responses to barrier-altering agonists in two types of human lung endothelium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:599-605. [PMID: 27473658 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Vascular integrity is primarily determined by endothelial cell (EC) cytoskeletal structure that is differentially regulated by various stimuli. In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to characterize structural and mechanical properties in the cytoskeleton of cultured human pulmonary artery EC (HPAEC) and human lung microvascular EC (HLMVEC) by determining elastic properties (Young's modulus) in response to endogenous barrier protective agents sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), or the barrier disruptive molecule thrombin. Initial studies in unstimulated cells indicate higher baseline peripheral elastic modulus values in HPAEC (mean 2.9 KPa) than in HLMVEC (1.8 KPa). After 30 min of stimulation, S1P induced the highest Young's modulus increase (6.1 KPa) compared to the other barrier enhancing stimuli, HGF (5.8 KPa) and the pharmaceutical agent and S1P analog FTY720 (4.1 KPa). In contrast, the barrier disruptive agent thrombin decreased values from 2.5 KPa to 0.7 KPa depending on the cell type and treatment time. AFM topographical imaging supports these quantitative biophysical data regarding differential peripheral elastic properties in EC. Overall, these AFM studies provide novel insights into the biomechanical properties of human lung EC that regulate vascular barrier function and have potential applicability to pathophysiologic vascular leak syndromes such as acute lung injury.
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The improved DROP security based on hard AI problem in cloud. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTERNET PROTOCOL TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1504/ijipt.2016.081321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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The improved DROP security based on hard AI problem in cloud. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTERNET PROTOCOL TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1504/ijipt.2016.10002241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Transformation of Brevibacillus, a soil microbe to an uropathogen with hemagglutination trait. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 30:1837-44. [PMID: 24464621 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-014-1605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
An urinary tract infection (UTI) with Brevibacillus agri, an aerobic soil bacteria is discussed. The preliminary urine analysis tested negative for UTI, while the patient was diagnosed with focal pyelonephritis. The urine sample was analyzed for the presence of possible micro-organisms. The isolated micro-organism was phenotypically characterized and compared with a standard B. agri strain and an established uropathogen Eschericia coli, CFT073. Each experimental mouse was trans-urethrally infected using 2.5 × 10(8) c.f.u. for the generation of an UTI model. The kidney tissues were stored in buffered 10 % formaldehyde solution for histopathological analysis. The destruction of the glomerular and tubular morphology with prominent hemagglutination in the tubular region in the mouse kidneys were confirmed by light microscopic examination of the H&E stained sections. Hence, the identity of pathogen was confirmed using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The phylogenetic tree constructed using the 16S rRNA sequence obtained from the isolated microbial strain showed 99 % similarity with the strain, B. agri AB112716. Finally this study concludes based on the phenotypic characteristics, production of lipopolysaccharide, the ability to aggregate in the presence of ammonium sulphate, agglutinate erythrocytes in the presence of mannose, and the potential to resist the interactions of serum, the possibility that the soil microbe could have undergone genotypic modification to cause UTI. However, further detailed and in-depth genetic analysis are required to point out exactly how the soil bacterium has adapted itself to cause infection in a human subject.
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A Joint FED Watermarking System Using Spatial Fusion for Verifying the Security Issues of Teleradiology. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2014; 18:753-64. [DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2013.2281322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Helium ion microscopy based wall thickness and surface roughness analysis of polymer foams obtained from high internal phase emulsion. Ultramicroscopy 2014; 139:13-9. [PMID: 24525239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Due to their wide range of applications, porous polymers obtained from high internal phase emulsions have been widely studied using scanning electron microscopy. However, due to their lack of electrical conductivity, quantitative information of wall thicknesses and surface roughness, which are of particular interest to tissue engineering, has not been obtained. Here, Helium Ion Microscopy is used to examine uncoated polymer foams and some very strong but unexpected contrast is observed, the origin of which is established here. Based on this analysis, a method for the measurement of wall thickness variations and wall roughness measurements has been developed, based on the modeling of Helium ion transmission. The results presented here indicate that within the walls of the void structure there exist small features with height variations of ~30 nm and wall thickness variations from ~100 nm to larger 340 nm in regions surrounding interconnecting windows within the structure. The suggested imaging method is applicable to other porous carbon based structures with wall thicknesses in the range of 40-340 nm.
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Oral supplementation with troxerutin (trihydroxyethylrutin), modulates lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:174-184. [PMID: 24355798 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to investigate the chemopreventive potential of troxerutin on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced rat colon carcinogenesis by evaluating the antioxidant and lipid peroxidation (LPO) status. Rats were randomly divided into six groups. Group I rats served as control. Group II rats received troxerutin (50 mg/kgb.w., p.o.) for 16 weeks. Groups III-VI rats received subcutaneous injections of DMH (20 mg/kgb.w., s.c.) once a week, for the first 4 weeks. In addition to DMH, groups IV-VI rats received troxerutin at the doses of 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kgb.w., respectively. In DMH treated rats, our results showed decreased activities of antioxidants and increased levels of LPO in the liver. Moreover, LPO and antioxidants in the colon were found to be significantly diminished in DMH the treated rats. Furthermore, enhanced activity of colonic vitamin C and vitamin E levels were observed in DMH alone treated rats (group III), which was significantly reversed on troxerutin supplementation. Troxerutin at the dose of 25 mg/kgb.w. had shown profound beneficial effects by exhibiting near normal biochemical profile and well-preserved colon histology as compared to the other two tested doses (12.5 and 50 mg/kgb.w.). These findings suggest that troxerutin could serve as a novel agent for colon cancer chemoprevention.
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Modulating effect of d-carvone on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced pre-neoplastic lesions, oxidative stress and biotransforming enzymes, in an experimental model of rat colon carcinogenesis. Cell Prolif 2013; 46:705-20. [PMID: 24118219 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study has aimed to evaluate chemopreventive potential of d-carvone on oxidative stress markers, biotransforming enzymes, incidence of colonic polyps and aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were randomly divided into six groups, with group I serving as control. Group II animals received d-carvone every day orally (20 mg/kg body weight) for 16 weeks; groups III-VI received subcutaneous injections of DMH (20 mg/kg body weight) once a week, for the first 4 weeks. In addition, groups IV-VI received different doses of d-carvone (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg body weight everyday orally) along with DMH injections. RESULTS Our results revealed that supplementation with d-carvone significantly reduced incidence of polyps/ACF and ACF multiplicity in DMH-exposed rats compared to DMH-alone-exposed rats. Moreover, our results showed reduced activities of liver and circulatory antioxidants and increased levels of lipid peroxidation by products in DMH-exposed animals, which were significantly reversed on supplementation with d-carvone. In addition, colonic antioxidants and lipid peroxidation were significantly diminished in DMH-exposed rats, which were significantly elevated on supplementation with d-carvone. Furthermore, we also determined activities of biotransforming enzymes, which were found to be altered in DMH-exposed rats, but reversed on d-carvone supplementation. All these observations of changes were supported by histochemical findings. CONCLUSION Overall, results obtained from this study suggest that d-carvone at 10 mg/kg body weight provided optimum protection and could be used as an effective chemopreventive agent against colon carcinogenesis induced by DMH.
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Nitric oxide mediates the insulin sensitizing effects of β-sitosterol in high fat diet-fed rats. Nitric Oxide 2013; 32:43-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2013.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Hypolipidemic effect of ginger in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis. Toxicol Mech Methods 2012; 16:461-72. [PMID: 20021021 DOI: 10.1080/15376520600728811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is increasingly common nowadays in Asian countries and still remains the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. In our laboratory, we studied the chemopreventive and hypolipidemic effect of ginger, a dietary spice, in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon cancer. Rats were given a weekly subcutaneous injection of DMH (20 mg/kg body weight), a known colon carcinogen, in the groin for 15 weeks. Ginger (50 mg/kg body weight P.O.) was given at the initiation and also at the postinitiation stages of carcinogenesis. The animals were sacrificed at the end of the experimental period of 30 weeks. The fecal bile acids, neutral sterols, and tissue lipid profile were evaluated using various biochemical estimations. The levels of fecal bile acids, neutral sterols, cholesterol, HMG CoA reductase, free fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipase A, and phospholipase C were significantly increased, whereas the levels of tissue phospholipids was decreased in DMH-treated rats as compared to control rats. On administering ginger at the initiation and also at the postinitiation stages of colon carcinogenesis, the levels of fecal bile acids, neutral sterols, tissue cholesterol, HMG CoA reductase, free fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipase A, and phospholipase C were significantly decreased, whereas the levels of phospholipids were increased as compared to unsupplemented DMH treated rats. Thus, ginger supplementation was found to reduce the risk of colon cancer markedly by virtue of its hypolipidemic and antioxidative effects.
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Diabetes - Experimental. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Shift From Surrogate End Point to Outcome Trials: Implications for Cardiovascular Safety Assessment in Development Programs for Antidiabetic Drugs. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2011; 91:514-20. [DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2011.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Effect of gallic acid on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine induced colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats – A chemopreventive approach. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:887-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Revised: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Dose-dependent effect of galangin on fructose-mediated insulin resistance and oxidative events in rat kidney. Redox Rep 2011; 15:224-32. [PMID: 21062538 DOI: 10.1179/135100010x12826446921545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Galangin is an antioxidant flavonol present in high concentrations in the rhizome of Alpinia galanga. We investigated the effect of galangin on whole-body insulin resistance and kidney oxidative stress in a fructose-induced rat model of metabolic syndrome. Male albino Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups containing six animals each. Groups I and VI received a starch-based control diet, while groups II, III, IV and V were fed a high fructose diet (60 g/100 g). Groups III, IV and V additionally received galangin (50, 100 and 200 μg/kg body weight, respectively) while group VI received 200 μg galangin/kg body weight. At the end of 60 days, fructose-fed rats exhibited insulin resistance, increased levels of peroxidation end products and diminished antioxidant status. galangin, dose-dependently normalized blood glucose and insulin levels. The minimum effective dose was 100 μg galangin/kg body weight. At this dose, galangin also prevented the development of insulin resistance and the exaggerated the response to oral glucose challenge. The oxidant-antioxidant balance was maintained by galangin. Micro-albuminuria and tubular and glomerular changes observed in fructose-treated rats were significantly prevented by galangin (100 μg/kg body weight). These findings imply that galangin potentiates insulin sensitivity and antioxidant capacity and reduces renal damage in this dietary model of metabolic syndrome.
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Phase II Study of Concurrent Chemo Irradiation with Weekly Cisplatin and Paclitaxel in the Treatment of Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Cervix. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Variation of resistance in barley against biotypes 1 and 2 of the Russian wheat aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2010; 103:938-48. [PMID: 20568641 DOI: 10.1603/ec09396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The Russian wheat aphid, Diruaphis noxia (Kurdjumov) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is globally one of the most devastating pests of bread wheat, Tritium aestivum L.; durum wheat, Triticum turgidum L.; and barley, Hordeum vulgare L. Host plant resistance is the foundation for cereal insect pest management programs, and several sources of D. noxia resistance have been incorporated in cultivars to manage D. noxia damage. The emergence of D. noxia North American biotype 2 (RWA2) in Colorado has made all known Dn genes vulnerable except the Dn7 gene from rye, Secale cereale, and has warranted exploration for sources of resistance to both RWA1 and RWA2. The category of resistance in resistant donor plants may exert selection pressure over the aphid population to form a new virulent population. In the current study, we report tolerance and antibiosis resistance to RWA1 and RWA2 in the barley genotype 'Stoneham'. The rate and degree of expression of resistance in Stoneham against RWA1 and RWA2, although not similar, are greater than the partial resistance in 'Sidney'. Antixenosis resistance to RWA1 or RWA2 was not observed in Sidney or Stoneham. The tolerance identified in Stoneham is encouraging because it may delay D. noxia biotype selection and fits well in a dryland barley cropping system.
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SU-GG-T-179: Dosimetric Analysis of Simultaneous Integrated Boost with Step and Shoot IMRT. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3468569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Insulin resistance induced by a high-fructose diet potentiates thioacetamide hepatotoxicity. Singapore Med J 2010; 51:389-398. [PMID: 20593143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Insulin resistance (IR) is recognised as an aetiopathogenic factor for a variety of liver diseases. This study investigated the susceptibility of the liver to the toxic actions of thioacetamide (TA) in a rat model of IR, induced by feeding the rats a high-fructose diet (60 g/100 g) for 30 days. METHODS Hepatic function and damage were assessed at 0 hour and at 6, 12, 24 and 36 hours after a sublethal dose of TA (300 mg/kg intraperitoneally) was administered. RESULTS After 30 days of fructose feeding, the rats showed IR, a decline in their liver antioxidant status and a rise in lipid peroxidation. Liver dysfunction in fructose-fed rats was evident from a rise in transaminase and total bilirubin, a decrease in the albumin/globulin ratio in plasma, a decrease in nitrite and arginase, and an increase in protein carbonyl and nitrosothiol content in the liver. Increased staining for the 3-nitrotyrosine antibody was observed in the fructose-fed rat livers as compared to the controls. TA (300 mg/kg) caused 80 percent mortality in fructose-fed rats within 48 hours, while no death occurred among the controls. CONCLUSION Fructose-fed rats suffered from liver dysfunction and damage. TA caused liver injury in both control and fructose-fed rats. Time-based studies showed that progressive liver injury occurred only in rats that were fructose-fed from 6, 12 and 24 hours after TA administration, with a peak at 36 hours. In control diet-fed rats, the extent of damage was maximal at 24 hours, and declined at 36 hours. Thus, the toxic effects of TA are potentiated due to compromised liver function in the setting of IR.
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Insulin resistance induced by high-fructose diet potentiates carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Ind Health 2010; 26:89-104. [PMID: 20103580 DOI: 10.1177/0748233709359273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is recognized as a contributory factor for a variety of liver diseases. The present study investigates the susceptibility of liver to the toxic actions of carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) in a rat model of IR, induced by feeding a high-fructose diet (60 g/100 g) for 30 days. A sub-lethal dose of CCl(4) (2 mL/kg intraperitoneally [i.p.], in corn oil) was administered and the outcome of hepatotoxicity was assessed at 0 hour and at 6, 12, 24 and 36 hours after CCl(4) administration. After 30 days of fructose feeding, the rats showed IR, decline in liver antioxidant status and rise in lipid peroxidation. Liver dysfunction in fructose-fed rats was evident from a rise in transaminases, total bilirubin and a decrease in albumin/globulin ratio in plasma and decreases in nitrite, arginase and increase in protein carbonyl and nitrosothiol content in liver. Increased staining for 3-nitro tyrosine (3-NT) antibody was observed in fructose-fed rat liver as compared to control. CCl(4) (2 mL/kg) caused 100% mortality in fructose-fed rats within 48 hours, while no death of animals occurred in control. CCl(4) caused liver damage in both control and fructose-fed rats. Time-based studies showed that progressive liver injury occurred only in fructose-fed rats from 0, 6, 12, 24 hours, with a peak at 36 hours. In control diet-fed rats, the extent of damage was maximum at 24 hours, which declined at 36 hours. Thus, the toxic effects of CCl(4) are potentiated due to compromised liver function in the setting of IR.
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Cream intake induces SOCS-3TLR-4: relevance to pathogenesis ofinflammationinsulin. Can J Diabetes 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1499-2671(09)33273-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Milker′s nodule. Indian J Dermatol 2009. [DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.45466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Protective Role of a Novel Curcuminoid on Alcohol and PUFA-Induced Hyperlipidemia. Toxicol Mech Methods 2008; 15:227-34. [DOI: 10.1080/15376520590945658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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(-) Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) Prevents Lipid Changes and Collagen Abnormalities in Chronic Ethanol-Fed Rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2008; 18:425-32. [DOI: 10.1080/15376510701511737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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In Vivo and In Vitro Characterization of the Biochemical and Pathological Changes Induced By Lionfish (Pterios Volitans) Venom in Mice. Toxicol Mech Methods 2008; 16:525-31. [DOI: 10.1080/15376510600803573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Laboratory diagnosis of leprosy by slit skin smear and skin biopsy is simple but both techniques have their own limitations. Slit skin smear is negative in paucibacillary cases whereas skin biopsy is an invasive technique. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) from skin lesions in leprosy with subsequent staining with May-Grunwald-Giemsa (MGG) stain has been found useful. AIM To evaluate the possible role of cytology in classifying leprosy patients. METHODS Seventy-five untreated cases of leprosy attending the outpatient department were evaluated. Smears were taken from their skin lesions and stained using the MGG technique. Skin biopsy was also done from the lesions, which was compared with cytology smears. RESULTS A correlation of clinical features with FNAC was noticed in 87.5% of TT, 92.1% of BT, 81% of BL, and 66% of LL cases. Correlation of clinical with histopathological diagnoses revealed 12.5% specificity in TT leprosy, 55.3% in BT, 52.4% in BL and 50% in LL, and 100% in neuritic and histoid leprosy cases. Both correlations were found to be statistically significant by paired t test analysis. Thus, it was possible to distinguish the tuberculoid types by the presence of epithelioid cells and the lepromatous types by the presence of lymphocytes and foamy macrophages. CONCLUSION FNAC may be used to categorize the patients into paucibacillary and multibacillary types, but is not a very sensitive tool to classify the patients across the Ridley-Jopling spectrum.
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Abstract
AIM Rats fed high dosage of fructose that form a well-known experimental model of the metabolic syndrome also display progressive renal disturbances. The present study evaluates the influence of l-carnitine (CA) administration on oxidant-antioxidant balance, protein damage and lipid levels in kidney of rats administered high dose of fructose. METHODS Adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups of 10 rats each. Groups I and IV animals received starch-based control diet, while groups II and III rats were fed a high-fructose diet (60 g/100 g). Groups III and IV animals additionally received CA (300 mg/kg/day) for 60 days. The extent of lipid peroxidation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and lipid levels were measured after 60 days. The accumulation of nitrated and oxidatively modified proteins in kidney was also measured by immunohistochemical study with specific antibodies. RESULTS Fructose-fed rats exhibited increased levels of peroxidation end products, diminished antioxidant status, increased staining for the presence of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, 2,4-dinitrophenol and 3-nitrotyrosine protein adducts and lipid accumulation in kidney. CA administration attenuated these pathological renal alterations. CONCLUSIONS The benefits of CA in this model suggest the therapeutic use of CA to counter the kidney changes associated with metabolic syndrome.
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Abstract
We report a 3-year-old girl born with fair complexion which became darker. The color change was insidious in onset at the age of 5 months, asymptomatic and progressive involving the entire body surface. Histopathology revealed increased pigmentation of the epidermal basal layer. Universal acquired melanosis is a rare form of hypermelanosis which was synonymously referred to as "Carbon baby". This is a rare presentation with only one earlier case report.
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Abstract
Retroperitoneal hemorrhage is known to cause bruising of flanks (Turner's sign), umbilicus (Cullen's sign), pubis and groin (Stabler's sign), upper thigh (Fox's sign), or scrotum (Bryant's sign). Spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage is the most common cause of nontraumatic parietal ecchymosis sign in neonates. Only 20 such neonatal cases have been reported in the literature. Because all of them were of benign etiology, conservative management is generally recommended in the presence of this sign. We report the sign for the first time in a case of spontaneously ruptured adrenal neuroblastoma of newborn. Perinatal physicians need to be aware of this unusual presentation of neonatal neuroblastoma.
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Familial acne inversa with acne conglobata in three generations. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2008; 74:283-5. [DOI: 10.4103/0378-6323.41395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Beneficial impact of L-carnitine in liver: a study in a rat model of syndrome X. Amino Acids 2007; 35:475-83. [PMID: 17713746 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-007-0559-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2007] [Accepted: 04/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study was designed to explore whether L-carnitine (CA) regulates insulin signaling and modulates the changes in liver in a well-characterized insulin resistant rat model. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups. Groups I and IV animals received starch-based control diet, while groups II and III rats were fed a high fructose-diet (60 g/100 g). Groups III and IV animals additionally received CA (300 mg/kg/day i.p). After a period of 60 days hepatic tyrosine phosphorylation status was determined by assaying protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) and protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) activities. Oxidative damage was monitored by immunohistochemical localization of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) and dinitrophenol (DNP)-protein adducts. In addition protein kinase C beta II (PKC beta II) expression, propidium iodide staining of isolated hepatocytes and histology of liver tissue were determined to examine liver integrity. Fructose-fed rats displayed reduced insulin action, increased expression of PKC beta II, altered histology, fragmentation of hepatocyte nuclear DNA, and accumulation of oxidatively modified proteins. Simultaneous treatment with CA alleviated the abnormalities associated with fructose feeding. In summary the data suggest that elevated oxidative damage and PKC expression could in part induce insulin resistance and CA has beneficial impact on liver during insulin resistance with modulatory effects at the post-receptor level.
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Fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum graecum) polyphenols inhibit ethanol-induced collagen and lipid accumulation in rat liver. Cell Biol Toxicol 2007; 23:373-83. [PMID: 17453353 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-007-9000-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2006] [Accepted: 02/06/2007] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Chronic alcoholism is associated with fatty liver and fibrosis characterized by collagen accumulation. Seeds of fenugreek, an annual herb, are reported to possess hepatoprotective activity. The study aims to investigate the effects of fenugreek seed polyphenol extract (FPEt) on liver lipids and collagen in experimental hepatotoxic rats. Hepatotoxicity was induced in male albino Wistar rats by administrating ethanol (6 g/kg per day) for 30 days. Control rats were given isocaloric glucose solution. FPEt was co-administered with ethanol at a dose of 200 mg/kg per day for the next 30 days. Silymarin was used as a positive control. Ethanol treatment caused increase in plasma and liver lipids, together with alterations in collagen content and properties. Administration of FPEt to alcohol-fed rats significantly improved lipid profile and reduced collagen content, crosslinking, aldehyde content and peroxidation. The effects were comparable with that of silymarin. FPEt administration had a positive influence on both lipid profile and on the quantitative and qualitative properties of collagen in alcoholic liver disease. The protective effect is presumably due to the bioactive phytochemicals in fenugreek seeds.
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Abstract
AIM To evaluate current clinical practice in the UK in the management of the anophthalmic socket; choice of enucleation, evisceration, type of orbital implant, wrap, motility pegging and complications. METHODS All consultant ophthalmologists in the UK were surveyed by postal questionnaire. Questions included their practice subspecialty and number of enucleations and eviscerations performed in 2003. Specific questions addressed choice of implant, wrap, motility pegging and complications. RESULTS 456/896 (51%) consultants responded, of which 162 (35%) had a specific interest in oculoplastics, lacrimal, orbits or oncology. Only 243/456 (53%) did enucleations or eviscerations. 92% inserted an orbital implant after primary enucleation, 69% after non-endophthalmitis evisceration, whereas only 43% did so after evisceration for endophthalmitis (50% as a delayed procedure). 55% used porous orbital implants (porous polyethylene, hydroxyapatite or alumina) as their first choice and 42% used acrylic. Most implants inserted were spherical, sized 18-20 mm in diameter. 57% wrapped the implant after enucleation, using salvaged autogenous sclera (20%), donor sclera (28%) and synthetic Vicryl or Mersilene mesh (42%). A minority (7%) placed motility pegs in selected cases, usually as a secondary procedure. 14% of respondents reported implant exposure for each type of procedure and extrusion was reported by 4% after enucleation and 3% after evisceration. CONCLUSIONS This survey highlights contemporary anophthalmic socket practice in the UK. Most surgeons use porous orbital implants with a synthetic wrap after enucleation and only few perform motility pegging.
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Abstract
Kindler syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder associated with skin fragility. It is characterized by blistering in infancy, photosensitivity and progressive poikiloderma. The syndrome involves the skin and mucous membrane with radiological changes. The genetic defect has been identified on the short arm of chromosome 20. This report describes an 18-year-old patient with classical features like blistering and photosensitivity in childhood and the subsequent development of poikiloderma. The differential diagnosis of Kindler syndrome includes diseases like Bloom syndrome, Cockayne syndrome, dyskeratosis congenita, epidermolysis bullosa, Rothmund-Thomson syndrome and xeroderma pigmentosum. Our patient had classical cutaneous features of Kindler syndrome with phimosis as a complication.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization recommends treatment regimens for paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB) leprosy, which differ in their duration and components. Hence accurate classification of the disease is required. To overcome difficulties in classification Uniform Multi Drug Therapy (U-MDT) has been recommended. AIM To evaluate the benefit of adding clofazimine to paucibacillary regimens in leprosy patients by measuring clinical and histological resolution. METHODS Forty-four paucibacillary patients were included in the study. Twenty-two patients were given MDT-PB regimen and the remaining MDT-MB regimen for six months . Skin biopsies were done before the commencement and at the end of treatment. Clinical and histological resolutions were measured according to the standard criteria a laid down. The results were analyzed using Fishers' test and Crammers' V test. RESULTS Clinical improvement was observed in 90.9% in the MB group as compared to 27.3% in the PB group. Regression in the nerve swelling was observed in 70% in the MB group and in 37.5% in the PB group while histological resolution was observed in 72.8% and 54.5% respectively. CONCLUSIONS Addition of clofazimine helps to resolve leprosy lesions both clinically and histologically, thus justifying the concept of Uniform MDT regimen for all patients.
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Digital Rectal Examination Is a Barrier to Population-Based Prostate Cancer Screening. Urology 2006; 67:655; author reply 655-6. [PMID: 16527599 DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2005.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2005] [Accepted: 07/25/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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A novel prosthetic design incorporating a modified hydraulic system. J Biomech 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9290(06)85224-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Clinico-toxinological characterization of the acute effects of the venom of the marine snail, Conus loroisii. Acta Trop 2006; 97:75-87. [PMID: 16216213 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2005.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2004] [Revised: 07/15/2005] [Accepted: 09/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The venom of the marine snail, Conus loroisii, was studied to assess its risk and lethal factors in regard of human welfare. The lethality of the crude venom (LD50-5.0 mg/kg via i.p.) in mice was associated with reduced motor activity, asphyxiation, followed by respiratory failure. The effects on vital tissues revealed vascular congestion and inflammatory cell infiltration around the portal triad of the liver, spongiosis of the brain, hemorrhages/congested blood vessels in lung and endothelial cells of the renal tubule. Repeated measures of hematological profiles indicated that the venom significantly reduced erythrocytes (P<0.001, GLM repeated measures), followed associated with depletion of hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and platelet count. Serum enzymes such as, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline and acid phosphatases were altered significantly (P<0.05, Friedman test), which in turn confirmed the damage of vital organ tissues. Dual effect of the venom on the activity of mouse brain acetylcholinesterase stand for concentration specific, whereas maximal inhibition (60.41%, P<0.05, Wilcoxon signed rank test) in erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase did not show the dual activity observed in brain. The Ciphergen ProteinChip analysis of the envenomed serum further revealed that the venom causes changes in definite molecules involved in inflammatory process and ionic transport. In all, the venom of C. loroisii is potentially lethal to mammals, through its rapid action on the central and peripheral nervous systems by blocking neurotransmission with selective interference of ionic channels/receptors.
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