1
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Bradley E, Fusani L, Chung CW, Craggs PD, Demont EH, Humphreys PG, Mitchell DJ, Phillipou A, Rioja I, Shah RR, Wellaway CR, Prinjha RK, Palmer DS, Kerr WJ, Reid M, Wall ID, Cookson R. Structure-Guided Design of a Domain-Selective Bromodomain and Extra Terminal N-Terminal Bromodomain Chemical Probe. J Med Chem 2023; 66:15728-15749. [PMID: 37967462 PMCID: PMC10726358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Small-molecule-mediated disruption of the protein-protein interactions between acetylated histone tails and the tandem bromodomains of the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family of proteins is an important mechanism of action for the potential modulation of immuno-inflammatory and oncology disease. High-quality chemical probes have proven invaluable in elucidating profound BET bromodomain biology, with seminal publications of both pan- and domain-selective BET family bromodomain inhibitors enabling academic and industrial research. To enrich the toolbox of structurally differentiated N-terminal bromodomain (BD1) BET family chemical probes, this work describes an analysis of the GSK BRD4 bromodomain data set through a lipophilic efficiency lens, which enabled identification of a BD1 domain-biased benzimidazole series. Structure-guided growth targeting a key Asp/His BD1/BD2 switch enabled delivery of GSK023, a high-quality chemical probe with 300-1000-fold BET BD1 domain selectivity and a phenotypic cellular fingerprint consistent with BET bromodomain inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Bradley
- GSK,
Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K.
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Thomas
Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K.
| | - Lucia Fusani
- GSK,
Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K.
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Thomas
Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K.
| | - Chun-wa Chung
- GSK,
Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K.
| | - Peter D. Craggs
- GSK,
Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K.
| | | | | | | | - Alex Phillipou
- GSK,
Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K.
| | - Inmaculada Rioja
- GSK,
Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K.
| | - Rishi R. Shah
- GSK,
Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K.
| | | | - Rab K. Prinjha
- GSK,
Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K.
| | - David S. Palmer
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Thomas
Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K.
| | - William J. Kerr
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Thomas
Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K.
| | - Marc Reid
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University
of Strathclyde, Thomas
Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K.
| | - Ian D. Wall
- GSK,
Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K.
| | - Rosa Cookson
- GSK,
Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, U.K.
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2
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Humphreys PG, Anderson NA, Bamborough P, Baxter A, Chung CW, Cookson R, Craggs PD, Dalton T, Fournier JCL, Gordon LJ, Gray HF, Gray MW, Gregory R, Hirst DJ, Jamieson C, Jones KL, Kessedjian H, Lugo D, McGonagle G, Patel VK, Patten C, Poole DL, Prinjha RK, Ramirez-Molina C, Rioja I, Seal G, Stafford KAJ, Shah RR, Tape D, Theodoulou NH, Tomlinson L, Ukuser S, Wall ID, Wellaway N, White G. Identification and Optimization of a Ligand-Efficient Benzoazepinone Bromodomain and Extra Terminal (BET) Family Acetyl-Lysine Mimetic into the Oral Candidate Quality Molecule I-BET432. J Med Chem 2022; 65:15174-15207. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Niall A. Anderson
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Paul Bamborough
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Andrew Baxter
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Chun-wa Chung
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Rosa Cookson
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Peter D. Craggs
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Toryn Dalton
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - Laurie J. Gordon
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Heather F. Gray
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Matthew W. Gray
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Richard Gregory
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - David J. Hirst
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Craig Jamieson
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | | | | | - David Lugo
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Grant McGonagle
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | | | - Darren L. Poole
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Rab K. Prinjha
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - Inmaculada Rioja
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Gail Seal
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - Rishi R. Shah
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Daniel Tape
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - Laura Tomlinson
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Sabri Ukuser
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Ian D. Wall
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Natalie Wellaway
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Gemma White
- GSK, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
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3
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Humphreys PG, Atkinson SJ, Bamborough P, Bit RA, Chung CW, Craggs PD, Cutler L, Davis R, Ferrie A, Gong G, Gordon LJ, Gray M, Harrison LA, Hayhow TG, Haynes A, Henley N, Hirst DJ, Holyer ID, Lindon MJ, Lovatt C, Lugo D, McCleary S, Molnar J, Osmani Q, Patten C, Preston A, Rioja I, Seal JT, Smithers N, Sun F, Tang D, Taylor S, Theodoulou NH, Thomas C, Watson RJ, Wellaway CR, Zhu L, Tomkinson NCO, Prinjha RK. Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of I-BET567, a Pan-Bromodomain and Extra Terminal (BET) Bromodomain Oral Candidate. J Med Chem 2022; 65:2262-2287. [PMID: 34995458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Through regulation of the epigenome, the bromodomain and extra terminal (BET) family of proteins represent important therapeutic targets for the treatment of human disease. Through mimicking the endogenous N-acetyl-lysine group and disrupting the protein-protein interaction between histone tails and the bromodomain, several small molecule pan-BET inhibitors have progressed to oncology clinical trials. This work describes the medicinal chemistry strategy and execution to deliver an orally bioavailable tetrahydroquinoline (THQ) pan-BET candidate. Critical to the success of this endeavor was a potency agnostic analysis of a data set of 1999 THQ BET inhibitors within the GSK collection which enabled identification of appropriate lipophilicity space to deliver compounds with a higher probability of desired oral candidate quality properties. SAR knowledge was leveraged via Free-Wilson analysis within this design space to identify a small group of targets which ultimately delivered I-BET567 (27), a pan-BET candidate inhibitor that demonstrated efficacy in mouse models of oncology and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paul Bamborough
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Rino A Bit
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Chun-Wa Chung
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Peter D Craggs
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Leanne Cutler
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Rob Davis
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Ferrie
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - GangLi Gong
- WuXi Shanghai STA Pharmaceutical R&D Co., Ltd., No. 90 Delin Road, WaiGaoQiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Laurie J Gordon
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Gray
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Lee A Harrison
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas G Hayhow
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Haynes
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Henley
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - David J Hirst
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Ian D Holyer
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Lindon
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Cerys Lovatt
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - David Lugo
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Scott McCleary
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Judit Molnar
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Qendresa Osmani
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Patten
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Preston
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Inmaculada Rioja
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan T Seal
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Smithers
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Fenglai Sun
- WuXi Shanghai STA Pharmaceutical R&D Co., Ltd., No. 90 Delin Road, WaiGaoQiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Dalin Tang
- WuXi Shanghai STA Pharmaceutical R&D Co., Ltd., No. 90 Delin Road, WaiGaoQiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Simon Taylor
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie H Theodoulou
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom.,WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Thomas
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J Watson
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | | | - Linrong Zhu
- WuXi Shanghai STA Pharmaceutical R&D Co., Ltd., No. 90 Delin Road, WaiGaoQiao Free Trade Zone, Shanghai 200131, China
| | - Nicholas C O Tomkinson
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
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4
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Laurin CMC, Bluck JP, Chan AKN, Keller M, Boczek A, Scorah AR, See KFL, Jennings LE, Hewings DS, Woodhouse F, Reynolds JK, Schiedel M, Humphreys PG, Biggin PC, Conway SJ. Fragment-Based Identification of Ligands for Bromodomain-Containing Factor 3 of Trypanosoma cruzi. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:2238-2249. [PMID: 33203208 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) parasite is the cause of Chagas disease, a neglected disease endemic in South America. The life cycle of the T. cruzi parasite is complex and includes transitions between distinct life stages. This change in phenotype (without a change in genotype) could be controlled by epigenetic regulation, and might involve the bromodomain-containing factors 1-5 (TcBDF1-5). However, little is known about the function of the TcBDF1-5. Here we describe a fragment-based approach to identify ligands for T. cruzi bromodomain-containing factor 3 (TcBDF3). We expressed a soluble construct of TcBDF3 in E. coli, and used this to develop a range of biophysical assays for this protein. Fragment screening identified 12 compounds that bind to the TcBDF3 bromodomain. On the basis of this screen, we developed functional ligands containing a fluorescence or 19F reporter group, and a photo-crosslinking probe for TcBDF3. These tool compounds will be invaluable in future studies on the function of TcBDF3 and will provide insight into the biology of T. cruzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentine M. C. Laurin
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Joseph P. Bluck
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, 3 Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Anthony K. N. Chan
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Michelle Keller
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Andrew Boczek
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Amy R. Scorah
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - K. F. Larissa See
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Laura E. Jennings
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - David S. Hewings
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Fern Woodhouse
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Jessica K. Reynolds
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Matthias Schiedel
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | | | - Philip C. Biggin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, 3 Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Stuart J. Conway
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
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5
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Clegg MA, Theodoulou NH, Bamborough P, Chung CW, Craggs PD, Demont EH, Gordon LJ, Liwicki GM, Phillipou A, Tomkinson NCO, Prinjha RK, Humphreys PG. Optimization of Naphthyridones into Selective TATA-Binding Protein Associated Factor 1 (TAF1) Bromodomain Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1308-1317. [PMID: 34413961 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromodomain containing proteins and the acetyl-lysine binding bromodomains contained therein are increasingly attractive targets for the development of novel epigenetic therapeutics. To help validate this target class and unravel the complex associated biology, there has been a concerted effort to develop selective small molecule bromodomain inhibitors. Herein we describe the structure-based efforts and multiple challenges encountered in optimizing a naphthyridone template into selective TAF1(2) bromodomain inhibitors which, while unsuitable as chemical probes themselves, show promise for the future development of small molecules to interrogate TAF1(2) biology. Key to this work was the introduction and modulation of the basicity of a pendant amine which had a substantial impact on not only bromodomain selectivity but also cellular target engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Clegg
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie H. Theodoulou
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Bamborough
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Chun-wa Chung
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Peter D. Craggs
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | | | - Laurie J. Gordon
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma M. Liwicki
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Phillipou
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas C. O. Tomkinson
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Rab K. Prinjha
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
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6
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Clegg MA, Bamborough P, Chung CW, Craggs PD, Gordon L, Grandi P, Leveridge M, Lindon M, Liwicki GM, Michon AM, Molnar J, Rioja I, Soden PE, Theodoulou NH, Werner T, Tomkinson NCO, Prinjha RK, Humphreys PG. Application of Atypical Acetyl-lysine Methyl Mimetics in the Development of Selective Inhibitors of the Bromodomain-Containing Protein 7 (BRD7)/Bromodomain-Containing Protein 9 (BRD9) Bromodomains. J Med Chem 2020; 63:5816-5840. [PMID: 32410449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-BET bromodomain-containing proteins have become attractive targets for the development of novel therapeutics targeting epigenetic pathways. To help facilitate the target validation of this class of proteins, structurally diverse small-molecule ligands and methodologies to produce selective inhibitors in a predictable fashion are in high demand. Herein, we report the development and application of atypical acetyl-lysine (KAc) methyl mimetics to take advantage of the differential stability of conserved water molecules in the bromodomain binding site. Discovery of the n-butyl group as an atypical KAc methyl mimetic allowed generation of 31 (GSK6776) as a soluble, permeable, and selective BRD7/9 inhibitor from a pyridazinone template. The n-butyl group was then used to enhance the bromodomain selectivity of an existing BRD9 inhibitor and to transform pan-bromodomain inhibitors into BRD7/9 selective compounds. Finally, a solvent-exposed vector was defined from the pyridazinone template to enable bifunctional molecule synthesis, and affinity enrichment chemoproteomic experiments were used to confirm several of the endogenous protein partners of BRD7 and BRD9, which form part of the chromatin remodeling PBAF and BAF complexes, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Clegg
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.,WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Bamborough
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Chun-Wa Chung
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Peter D Craggs
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Laurie Gordon
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Grandi
- Cellzome GmbH, R&D MST GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Leveridge
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Lindon
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma M Liwicki
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Marie Michon
- Cellzome GmbH, R&D MST GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Judit Molnar
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Inmaculada Rioja
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Peter E Soden
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie H Theodoulou
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.,WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Thilo Werner
- Cellzome GmbH, R&D MST GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicholas C O Tomkinson
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom
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7
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Abstract
![]()
Malonoyl peroxide 6 is an effective reagent for the syn- or anti-oxyamination of alkenes. Reaction
of 6 and an alkene in the presence of O-tert-butyl-N-tosylcarbamate (R3 = CO2tBu) leads to
the anti-oxyaminated product in up to 99% yield.
Use of O-methyl-N-tosyl carbamate
(R3 = CO2Me) as the nitrogen nucleophile followed
by treatment of the product with trifluoroacetic acid leads to the syn-oxyaminated product in up to 77% yield. Mechanisms consistent
with the observed selectivities are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Curle
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, Thomas Graham Building , University of Strathclyde , 295 Cathedral Street , Glasgow G1 1XL , U.K
| | - Marina C Perieteanu
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, Thomas Graham Building , University of Strathclyde , 295 Cathedral Street , Glasgow G1 1XL , U.K
| | - Philip G Humphreys
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre , Gunnels Wood Road , Stevenage SG1 2NY , U.K
| | - Alan R Kennedy
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, Thomas Graham Building , University of Strathclyde , 295 Cathedral Street , Glasgow G1 1XL , U.K
| | - Nicholas C O Tomkinson
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, Thomas Graham Building , University of Strathclyde , 295 Cathedral Street , Glasgow G1 1XL , U.K
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8
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Wellaway CR, Amans D, Bamborough P, Barnett H, Bit RA, Brown JA, Carlson NR, Chung CW, Cooper AWJ, Craggs PD, Davis RP, Dean TW, Evans JP, Gordon L, Harada IL, Hirst DJ, Humphreys PG, Jones KL, Lewis AJ, Lindon MJ, Lugo D, Mahmood M, McCleary S, Medeiros P, Mitchell DJ, O’Sullivan M, Le Gall A, Patel VK, Patten C, Poole DL, Shah RR, Smith JE, Stafford KAJ, Thomas PJ, Vimal M, Wall ID, Watson RJ, Wellaway N, Yao G, Prinjha RK. Discovery of a Bromodomain and Extraterminal Inhibitor with a Low Predicted Human Dose through Synergistic Use of Encoded Library Technology and Fragment Screening. J Med Chem 2020; 63:714-746. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominique Amans
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Paul Bamborough
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Heather Barnett
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Rino A. Bit
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Jack A. Brown
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Neil R. Carlson
- GSK, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Chun-wa Chung
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - Peter D. Craggs
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Robert P. Davis
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Tony W. Dean
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - John P. Evans
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Laurie Gordon
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - David J. Hirst
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | | | | | | | - Dave Lugo
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Mahnoor Mahmood
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Scott McCleary
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Patricia Medeiros
- GSK, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | | | | | - Armelle Le Gall
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | - Chris Patten
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Darren L. Poole
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Rishi R. Shah
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Jane E. Smith
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | | | - Mythily Vimal
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Ian D. Wall
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | | | | | - Gang Yao
- GSK, 200 Cambridge Park Drive, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02140, United States
| | - Rab K. Prinjha
- GSK, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
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9
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Clegg MA, Tomkinson NCO, Prinjha RK, Humphreys PG. Cover Feature: Advancements in the Development of non‐BET Bromodomain Chemical Probes (ChemMedChem 4/2019). ChemMedChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Clegg
- Epigenetics Discovery Performance UnitGlaxoSmithKline R&D Stevenage Hertfordshire SG1 2NY UK
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street, Thomas Graham Building Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Nicholas C. O. Tomkinson
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Strathclyde 295 Cathedral Street, Thomas Graham Building Glasgow G1 1XL UK
| | - Rab K. Prinjha
- Epigenetics Discovery Performance UnitGlaxoSmithKline R&D Stevenage Hertfordshire SG1 2NY UK
| | - Philip G. Humphreys
- Epigenetics Discovery Performance UnitGlaxoSmithKline R&D Stevenage Hertfordshire SG1 2NY UK
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10
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Clegg MA, Tomkinson NCO, Prinjha RK, Humphreys PG. Advancements in the Development of non-BET Bromodomain Chemical Probes. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:362-385. [PMID: 30624862 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The bromodomain and extra terminal (BET) family of bromodomain-containing proteins (BCPs) have been the subject of extensive research over the past decade, resulting in a plethora of high-quality chemical probes for their tandem bromodomains. In turn, these chemical probes have helped reveal the profound biological role of the BET bromodomains and their role in disease, ultimately leading to a number of molecules in active clinical development. However, the BET subfamily represents just 8/61 of the known human bromodomains, and attention has now expanded to the biological role of the remaining 53 non-BET bromodomains. Rapid growth of this research area has been accompanied by a greater understanding of the requirements for an effective bromodomain chemical probe and has led to a number of new non-BET bromodomain chemical probes being developed. Advances since December 2015 are discussed, highlighting the strengths/caveats of each molecule, and the value they add toward validating the non-BET bromodomains as tractable therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Clegg
- Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, UK.,WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Thomas Graham Building, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Nicholas C O Tomkinson
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Thomas Graham Building, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Philip G Humphreys
- Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, UK
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11
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Bassi ZI, Fillmore MC, Miah AH, Chapman TD, Maller C, Roberts EJ, Davis LC, Lewis DE, Galwey NW, Waddington KE, Parravicini V, Macmillan-Jones AL, Gongora C, Humphreys PG, Churcher I, Prinjha RK, Tough DF. Modulating PCAF/GCN5 Immune Cell Function through a PROTAC Approach. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:2862-2867. [PMID: 30200762 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) and general control nonderepressible 5 (GCN5) are closely related epigenetic proteins, each containing an acetyltransferase domain and a bromodomain. Consistent with reported roles for these proteins in immune function, we find that PCAF-deficient macrophages exhibit a markedly reduced ability to produce cytokines upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Investigating the potential to target this pathway pharmacologically, we show that chemical inhibition of the PCAF/GCN5 bromodomains is insufficient to recapitulate the diminished inflammatory response of PCAF-deficient immune cells. However, by generating the first PCAF/GCN5 proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC), we identify small molecules able to degrade PCAF/GCN5 and to potently modulate the expression of multiple inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated macrophages and dendritic cells. Our data illustrate the power of the PROTAC approach in the context of multidomain proteins, revealing a novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic opportunity for targeting PCAF/GCN5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuni I. Bassi
- Protein Degradation DPU, Future Pipelines Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Martin C. Fillmore
- NCE-MD Medicinal Chemistry UK Team, R&D Platform Technology & Science, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Afjal H. Miah
- Protein Degradation DPU, Future Pipelines Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Trevor D. Chapman
- Epigenetics DPU, Immuno-Inflammation and Oncology Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Maller
- Epigenetics DPU, Immuno-Inflammation and Oncology Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Emma J. Roberts
- Epigenetics DPU, Immuno-Inflammation and Oncology Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Lauren C. Davis
- Epigenetics DPU, Immuno-Inflammation and Oncology Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Darcy E. Lewis
- Epigenetics DPU, Immuno-Inflammation and Oncology Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas W. Galwey
- Target Sciences Statistics, R&D Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Abigail L. Macmillan-Jones
- Protein Degradation DPU, Future Pipelines Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Celine Gongora
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Philip G. Humphreys
- Epigenetics DPU, Immuno-Inflammation and Oncology Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rab K. Prinjha
- Epigenetics DPU, Immuno-Inflammation and Oncology Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - David F. Tough
- Epigenetics DPU, Immuno-Inflammation and Oncology Therapy Area, GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
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12
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Jennings LE, Schiedel M, Hewings DS, Picaud S, Laurin CMC, Bruno PA, Bluck JP, Scorah AR, See L, Reynolds JK, Moroglu M, Mistry IN, Hicks A, Guzanov P, Clayton J, Evans CNG, Stazi G, Biggin PC, Mapp AK, Hammond EM, Humphreys PG, Filippakopoulos P, Conway SJ. BET bromodomain ligands: Probing the WPF shelf to improve BRD4 bromodomain affinity and metabolic stability. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:2937-2957. [PMID: 29776834 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ligands for the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) family of bromodomains have shown promise as useful therapeutic agents for treating a range of cancers and inflammation. Here we report that our previously developed 3,5-dimethylisoxazole-based BET bromodomain ligand (OXFBD02) inhibits interactions of BRD4(1) with the RelA subunit of NF-κB, in addition to histone H4. This ligand shows a promising profile in a screen of the NCI-60 panel but was rapidly metabolised (t½ = 39.8 min). Structure-guided optimisation of compound properties led to the development of the 3-pyridyl-derived OXFBD04. Molecular dynamics simulations assisted our understanding of the role played by an internal hydrogen bond in altering the affinity of this series of molecules for BRD4(1). OXFBD04 shows improved BRD4(1) affinity (IC50 = 166 nM), optimised physicochemical properties (LE = 0.43; LLE = 5.74; SFI = 5.96), and greater metabolic stability (t½ = 388 min).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Jennings
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Schiedel
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - David S Hewings
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Picaud
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Corentine M C Laurin
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A Bruno
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, United States; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2216, United States; Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2216, United States
| | - Joseph P Bluck
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom; Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Amy R Scorah
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Larissa See
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica K Reynolds
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Mustafa Moroglu
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Ishna N Mistry
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Hicks
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Pavel Guzanov
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - James Clayton
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Charles N G Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Giulia Stazi
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drugs, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Philip C Biggin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, United Kingdom
| | - Anna K Mapp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1055, United States; Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2216, United States; Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2216, United States
| | - Ester M Hammond
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Philip G Humphreys
- Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Panagis Filippakopoulos
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart J Conway
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom.
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13
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Humphreys PG, Bamborough P, Chung CW, Craggs PD, Gordon L, Grandi P, Hayhow TG, Hussain J, Jones KL, Lindon M, Michon AM, Renaux JF, Suckling CJ, Tough DF, Prinjha RK. Discovery of a Potent, Cell Penetrant, and Selective p300/CBP-Associated Factor (PCAF)/General Control Nonderepressible 5 (GCN5) Bromodomain Chemical Probe. J Med Chem 2017; 60:695-709. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Paola Grandi
- Cellzome
GmbH, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Anne-Marie Michon
- Cellzome
GmbH, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Colin J. Suckling
- WestCHEM,
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, United Kingdom
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14
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Theodoulou NH, Tomkinson NCO, Prinjha RK, Humphreys PG. Clinical progress and pharmacology of small molecule bromodomain inhibitors. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2016; 33:58-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Joberty G, Boesche M, Brown JA, Eberhard D, Garton NS, Humphreys PG, Mathieson T, Muelbaier M, Ramsden NG, Reader V, Rueger A, Sheppard RJ, Westaway SM, Bantscheff M, Lee K, Wilson DM, Prinjha RK, Drewes G. Interrogating the Druggability of the 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase Target Class by Chemical Proteomics. ACS Chem Biol 2016; 11:2002-10. [PMID: 27197014 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.6b00080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase target class comprises around 60 enzymes including several subfamilies with relevance to human disease, such as the prolyl hydroxylases and the Jumonji-type lysine demethylases. Current drug discovery approaches are largely based on small molecule inhibitors targeting the iron/2-oxoglutarate cofactor binding site. We have devised a chemoproteomics approach based on a combination of unselective active-site ligands tethered to beads, enabling affinity capturing of around 40 different dioxygenase enzymes from human cells. Mass-spectrometry-based quantification of bead-bound enzymes using a free-ligand competition-binding format enabled the comprehensive determination of affinities for the cosubstrate 2-oxoglutarate and for oncometabolites such as 2-hydroxyglutarate. We also profiled a set of representative drug-like inhibitor compounds. The results indicate that intracellular competition by endogenous cofactors and high active site similarity present substantial challenges for drug discovery for this target class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Joberty
- Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Boesche
- Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jack A. Brown
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Dirk Eberhard
- Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Neil S. Garton
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Philip G. Humphreys
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Toby Mathieson
- Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Muelbaier
- Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nigel G. Ramsden
- Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Valérie Reader
- Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne Rueger
- Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert J. Sheppard
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Susan M. Westaway
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Bantscheff
- Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kevin Lee
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - David M. Wilson
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Rab K. Prinjha
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Gerard Drewes
- Cellzome GmbH, a GlaxoSmithKline company, Meyerhofstrasse 1, Heidelberg, Germany
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16
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Westaway SM, Preston AGS, Barker MD, Brown F, Brown JA, Campbell M, Chung CW, Drewes G, Eagle R, Garton N, Gordon L, Haslam C, Hayhow TG, Humphreys PG, Joberty G, Katso R, Kruidenier L, Leveridge M, Pemberton M, Rioja I, Seal GA, Shipley T, Singh O, Suckling CJ, Taylor J, Thomas P, Wilson DM, Lee K, Prinjha RK. Cell Penetrant Inhibitors of the KDM4 and KDM5 Families of Histone Lysine Demethylases. 2. Pyrido[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one Derivatives. J Med Chem 2016; 59:1370-87. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan M. Westaway
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Alex G. S. Preston
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Michael D. Barker
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Fiona Brown
- Platform Technology and Sciences, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Jack A. Brown
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Matthew Campbell
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Chun-wa Chung
- Platform Technology and Sciences, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Gerard Drewes
- Cellzome GmbH, a GSK Company, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Eagle
- Platform Technology and Sciences, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Neil Garton
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Laurie Gordon
- Platform Technology and Sciences, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Carl Haslam
- Platform Technology and Sciences, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Thomas G. Hayhow
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Philip G. Humphreys
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Gerard Joberty
- Cellzome GmbH, a GSK Company, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roy Katso
- Platform Technology and Sciences, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Laurens Kruidenier
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Melanie Leveridge
- Platform Technology and Sciences, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Michelle Pemberton
- Platform Technology and Sciences, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Inma Rioja
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Gail A. Seal
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Tracy Shipley
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Onkar Singh
- Platform Technology and Sciences, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Colin J. Suckling
- Department
of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM Research School, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Joanna Taylor
- Platform Technology and Sciences, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Pamela Thomas
- Platform Technology and Sciences, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - David M. Wilson
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Kevin Lee
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Rab K. Prinjha
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
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17
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Westaway SM, Preston AGS, Barker MD, Brown F, Brown JA, Campbell M, Chung CW, Diallo H, Douault C, Drewes G, Eagle R, Gordon L, Haslam C, Hayhow TG, Humphreys PG, Joberty G, Katso R, Kruidenier L, Leveridge M, Liddle J, Mosley J, Muelbaier M, Randle R, Rioja I, Rueger A, Seal GA, Sheppard RJ, Singh O, Taylor J, Thomas P, Thomson D, Wilson DM, Lee K, Prinjha RK. Cell Penetrant Inhibitors of the KDM4 and KDM5 Families of Histone Lysine Demethylases. 1. 3-Amino-4-pyridine Carboxylate Derivatives. J Med Chem 2016; 59:1357-69. [PMID: 26771107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Optimization of KDM6B (JMJD3) HTS hit 12 led to the identification of 3-((furan-2-ylmethyl)amino)pyridine-4-carboxylic acid 34 and 3-(((3-methylthiophen-2-yl)methyl)amino)pyridine-4-carboxylic acid 39 that are inhibitors of the KDM4 (JMJD2) family of histone lysine demethylases. Compounds 34 and 39 possess activity, IC50 ≤ 100 nM, in KDM4 family biochemical (RFMS) assays with ≥ 50-fold selectivity against KDM6B and activity in a mechanistic KDM4C cell imaging assay (IC50 = 6-8 μM). Compounds 34 and 39 are also potent inhibitors of KDM5C (JARID1C) (RFMS IC50 = 100-125 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Westaway
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Alex G S Preston
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Michael D Barker
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Fiona Brown
- Platform Technology and Science, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Jack A Brown
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Matthew Campbell
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Chun-Wa Chung
- Platform Technology and Science, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Hawa Diallo
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Clement Douault
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Gerard Drewes
- Cellzome GmbH, a GSK Company , Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Eagle
- Platform Technology and Science, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Laurie Gordon
- Platform Technology and Science, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Carl Haslam
- Platform Technology and Science, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Thomas G Hayhow
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Philip G Humphreys
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Gerard Joberty
- Cellzome GmbH, a GSK Company , Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roy Katso
- Platform Technology and Science, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Laurens Kruidenier
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Melanie Leveridge
- Platform Technology and Science, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - John Liddle
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Julie Mosley
- Platform Technology and Science, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Marcel Muelbaier
- Cellzome GmbH, a GSK Company , Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rebecca Randle
- Platform Technology and Science, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Inma Rioja
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Anne Rueger
- Cellzome GmbH, a GSK Company , Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gail A Seal
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Robert J Sheppard
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Onkar Singh
- Platform Technology and Science, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Joanna Taylor
- Platform Technology and Science, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Pamela Thomas
- Platform Technology and Science, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Douglas Thomson
- Cellzome GmbH, a GSK Company , Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David M Wilson
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Kevin Lee
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, Medicines Research Centre, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage SG1 2NY, U.K
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18
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Theodoulou NH, Tomkinson NCO, Prinjha RK, Humphreys PG. Progress in the Development of non-BET Bromodomain Chemical Probes. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:477-87. [PMID: 26749027 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The bromodomain and extra terminal (BET) family of bromodomains have been the focus of extensive research, leading to the development of many potent, selective chemical probes and recent clinical assets. The profound biology associated with BET bromodomain inhibition has provided a convincing rationale for targeting bromodomains for the treatment of disease. However, the BET family represents just eight of the at least 56 human bromodomains identified to date. Until recently, there has been significantly less interest in non-BET bromodomains, leaving a vast area of research and the majority of this new target class yet to be thoroughly investigated. It has been widely reported that several non-BET bromodomain containing proteins are associated with various diseases including cancer and HIV. Therefore, the development of chemical probes for non-BET bromodomains will facilitate elucidation of their precise biological roles and potentially lead to the development of new medicines. This review summarises the progress made towards the development of non-BET bromodomain chemical probes to date. In addition, we highlight the potential for future work in this new and exciting area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie H Theodoulou
- Epinova Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, UK.,WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Nicholas C O Tomkinson
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- Epinova Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - Philip G Humphreys
- Epinova Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, UK.
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19
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Alamillo-Ferrer C, Davidson SC, Rawling MJ, Theodoulou NH, Campbell M, Humphreys PG, Kennedy AR, Tomkinson NCO. Alkene anti-Dihydroxylation with Malonoyl Peroxides. Org Lett 2015; 17:5132-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Alamillo-Ferrer
- WestCHEM,
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart C. Davidson
- WestCHEM,
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Rawling
- WestCHEM,
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie H. Theodoulou
- WestCHEM,
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Campbell
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Philip G. Humphreys
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Alan R. Kennedy
- WestCHEM,
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas C. O. Tomkinson
- WestCHEM,
Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, United Kingdom
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20
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Theodoulou NH, Bamborough P, Bannister AJ, Becher I, Bit RA, Che KH, Chung CW, Dittmann A, Drewes G, Drewry DH, Gordon L, Grandi P, Leveridge M, Lindon M, Michon AM, Molnar J, Robson SC, Tomkinson NCO, Kouzarides T, Prinjha RK, Humphreys PG. Discovery of I-BRD9, a Selective Cell Active Chemical Probe for Bromodomain Containing Protein 9 Inhibition. J Med Chem 2015; 59:1425-39. [PMID: 25856009 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Acetylation of histone lysine residues is one of the most well-studied post-translational modifications of chromatin, selectively recognized by bromodomain "reader" modules. Inhibitors of the bromodomain and extra terminal domain (BET) family of bromodomains have shown profound anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties, generating much interest in targeting other bromodomain-containing proteins for disease treatment. Herein, we report the discovery of I-BRD9, the first selective cellular chemical probe for bromodomain-containing protein 9 (BRD9). I-BRD9 was identified through structure-based design, leading to greater than 700-fold selectivity over the BET family and 200-fold over the highly homologous bromodomain-containing protein 7 (BRD7). I-BRD9 was used to identify genes regulated by BRD9 in Kasumi-1 cells involved in oncology and immune response pathways and to the best of our knowledge, represents the first selective tool compound available to elucidate the cellular phenotype of BRD9 bromodomain inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie H Theodoulou
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K.,WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde , 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Paul Bamborough
- Computational & Structural Chemistry, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Andrew J Bannister
- Department of Pathology, Gurdon Institute , Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, U.K
| | - Isabelle Becher
- Cellzome GmbH, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rino A Bit
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Ka Hing Che
- Department of Pathology, Gurdon Institute , Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, U.K
| | - Chun-wa Chung
- Computational & Structural Chemistry, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Antje Dittmann
- Cellzome GmbH, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerard Drewes
- Cellzome GmbH, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David H Drewry
- Department of Chemical Biology, GlaxoSmithKline , Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Laurie Gordon
- Biological Sciences, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Paola Grandi
- Cellzome GmbH, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melanie Leveridge
- Biological Sciences, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Matthew Lindon
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Anne-Marie Michon
- Cellzome GmbH, Molecular Discovery Research, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Judit Molnar
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Samuel C Robson
- Department of Pathology, Gurdon Institute , Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, U.K
| | - Nicholas C O Tomkinson
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Thomas Graham Building, University of Strathclyde , 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Tony Kouzarides
- Department of Pathology, Gurdon Institute , Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QN, U.K
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
| | - Philip G Humphreys
- Epinova Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline R&D , Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY, U.K
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21
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Demont EH, Arpino S, Bit RA, Campbell CA, Deeks N, Desai S, Dowell SJ, Gaskin P, Gray JRJ, Harrison LA, Haynes A, Heightman TD, Holmes DS, Humphreys PG, Kumar U, Morse MA, Osborne GJ, Panchal T, Philpott KL, Taylor S, Watson R, Willis R, Witherington J. Discovery of a brain-penetrant S1P₃-sparing direct agonist of the S1P₁ and S1P₅ receptors efficacious at low oral dose. J Med Chem 2011; 54:6724-33. [PMID: 21838322 DOI: 10.1021/jm200609t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
2-Amino-2-(4-octylphenethyl)propane-1,3-diol 1 (fingolimod, FTY720) has been recently marketed in the United States for the treatment of patients with remitting relapsing multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Its efficacy has been primarily linked to the agonism on T cells of S1P(1), one of the five sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) G-protein-coupled receptors, while its cardiovascular side effects have been associated with activity at S1P(3). Emerging data suggest that the ability of this molecule to cross the blood-brain barrier and to interact with both S1P(1) and S1P(5) in the central nervous system (CNS) may contribute to its efficacy in treating patients with RRMS. We have recently disclosed the structure of an advanced, first generation S1P(3)-sparing S1P(1) agonist, a zwitterion with limited CNS exposure. In this Article, we highlight our strategy toward the identification of CNS-penetrant S1P(3)-sparing S1P(1) and S1P(5) agonists resulting in the discovery of 5-(3-{2-[2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethyl]-5-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-isoquinolinyl}-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)-2-[(1-methylethyl)oxy]benzonitrile 15. Its exceptional in vivo potency and good pharmacokinetic properties translate into a very low predicted therapeutic dose in human (<1 mg p.o. once daily).
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel H Demont
- Immuno Inflammation Center of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage SG1 2NY, United Kingdom.
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Dounay AB, Humphreys PG, Overman LE, Wrobleski AD. Total synthesis of the strychnos alkaloid (+)-minfiensine: tandem enantioselective intramolecular Heck-iminium ion cyclization. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:5368-77. [PMID: 18303837 DOI: 10.1021/ja800163v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9a,4a-(iminoethano)-9H-carbazole (4) is a central structural feature of the Strychnos alkaloid minfiensine (1) and akuammiline alkaloids such as vincorine (5) and echitamine (6). A cascade catalytic asymmetric Heck-iminium cyclization was developed that rapidly provides 3,4-dihydro-9a,4a-(iminoethano)-9H-carbazoles in high enantiomeric purity. Two sequences were developed for advancing 3,4-dihydro-9a,4a-(iminoethano)-9H-carbazole 27 to (+)-minfiensine. In our first-generation approach, a reductive Heck cyclization was employed to form the fifth ring of (+)-minfiensine. In a second more concise total synthesis, an intramolecular palladium-catalyzed ketone enolate vinyl iodide coupling was employed to construct the final ring of (+)-minfiensine. This second-generation total synthesis of enantiopure (+)-minfiensine was accomplished in 6.5% overall yield and 15 steps from 1,2-cyclohexanedione and anisidine 13. A distinctive feature of this sequence is the use of palladium-catalyzed reactions to form all carbon-carbon bonds in the transformation of these simple precursors to (+)-minfiensine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy B Dounay
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, 1102 Natural Sciences II, Irvine, California 92697-2025, USA
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23
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Hodgson DM, Humphreys PG, Miles SM, Brierley CAJ, Ward JG. Dimerization and Isomerization Reactions of α-Lithiated Terminal Aziridines. J Org Chem 2007; 72:10009-21. [DOI: 10.1021/jo701901t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David M. Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom, and Neurology & GI Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, United Kingdom
| | - Philip G. Humphreys
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom, and Neurology & GI Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, United Kingdom
| | - Steven M. Miles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom, and Neurology & GI Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A. J. Brierley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom, and Neurology & GI Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, United Kingdom
| | - John G. Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, United Kingdom, and Neurology & GI Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, United Kingdom
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
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25
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Abstract
Deprotonation of terminal epoxides and aziridines with organolithium/diamine combinations or lithium amides allows the regio- and stereoselective formation of α-lithiated species. Judicious choice of reaction conditions allows these species to operate as nucleophiles, enolate equivalents, vinyl cation equivalents, or carbenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Hodgson
- 1Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Philip G. Humphreys
- 1Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Steven P. Hughes
- 1Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
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26
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Abstract
Regio- and stereoselective deprotonation of bishomoallylic terminal N-Bus (Bus=tert-butylsulfonyl)-protected aziridines generate aziridinyl anions that undergo diastereoselective intramolecular cyclopropanation giving trans-2-aminobicyclo[3.1.0]hexanes in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
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27
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28
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Abstract
[reaction: see text] Regio- and stereoselective deprotonation of N-Bus (Bus = tert-butylsulfonyl)-protected terminal aziridines with lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide generates a nonstabilized (H-substituted) aziridinyl anion that undergoes in situ or external electrophile trapping under experimentally straightforward conditions to give trans-disubstituted aziridines in good to excellent yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Hodgson
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
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