1
|
Shappee BJ, Simon JD, Drout MR, Piro AL, Morrell N, Prieto JL, Kasen D, Holoien TWS, Kollmeier JA, Kelson DD, Coulter DA, Foley RJ, Kilpatrick CD, Siebert MR, Madore BF, Murguia-Berthier A, Pan YC, Prochaska JX, Ramirez-Ruiz E, Rest A, Adams C, Alatalo K, Bañados E, Baughman J, Bernstein RA, Bitsakis T, Boutsia K, Bravo JR, Di Mille F, Higgs CR, Ji AP, Maravelias G, Marshall JL, Placco VM, Prieto G, Wan Z. Early spectra of the gravitational wave source GW170817: Evolution of a neutron star merger. Science 2017; 358:1574-1578. [PMID: 29038374 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaq0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
On 17 August 2017, Swope Supernova Survey 2017a (SSS17a) was discovered as the optical counterpart of the binary neutron star gravitational wave event GW170817. We report time-series spectroscopy of SSS17a from 11.75 hours until 8.5 days after the merger. Over the first hour of observations, the ejecta rapidly expanded and cooled. Applying blackbody fits to the spectra, we measured the photosphere cooling from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] kelvin, and determined a photospheric velocity of roughly 30% of the speed of light. The spectra of SSS17a began displaying broad features after 1.46 days and evolved qualitatively over each subsequent day, with distinct blue (early-time) and red (late-time) components. The late-time component is consistent with theoretical models of r-process-enriched neutron star ejecta, whereas the blue component requires high-velocity, lanthanide-free material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B J Shappee
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA. .,Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai'i, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - J D Simon
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - M R Drout
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - A L Piro
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - N Morrell
- Las Campanas Observatory, Carnegie Observatories, Casilla 601, La Serena, Chile
| | - J L Prieto
- Núcleo de Astronomía de la Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales, Avenida Ejército 441, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Institute of Astrophysics, Santiago, Chile
| | - D Kasen
- Departments of Physics and Astronomy, 366 LeConte Hall, University of California---Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - T W-S Holoien
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - J A Kollmeier
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - D D Kelson
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - D A Coulter
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - R J Foley
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - C D Kilpatrick
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - M R Siebert
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - B F Madore
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - A Murguia-Berthier
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Y-C Pan
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - J X Prochaska
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - E Ramirez-Ruiz
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California-Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.,Dark Cosmology Center, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Rest
- Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - C Adams
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - K Alatalo
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA.,Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - E Bañados
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - J Baughman
- Núcleo de Astronomía de la Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales, Avenida Ejército 441, Santiago, Chile.,Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - R A Bernstein
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - T Bitsakis
- Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 58190, Morelia, Mexico
| | - K Boutsia
- Las Campanas Observatory, Carnegie Observatories, Casilla 601, La Serena, Chile
| | - J R Bravo
- Las Campanas Observatory, Carnegie Observatories, Casilla 601, La Serena, Chile
| | - F Di Mille
- Las Campanas Observatory, Carnegie Observatories, Casilla 601, La Serena, Chile
| | - C R Higgs
- University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.,National Research Council (NRC) Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, 5071 West Saanich Road, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada
| | - A P Ji
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - G Maravelias
- Instituto de Física y Astronomía, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - J L Marshall
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - V M Placco
- Department of Physics and Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics (JINA) Center for the Evolution of the Elements, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - G Prieto
- Las Campanas Observatory, Carnegie Observatories, Casilla 601, La Serena, Chile
| | - Z Wan
- Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, A28, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Drout MR, Piro AL, Shappee BJ, Kilpatrick CD, Simon JD, Contreras C, Coulter DA, Foley RJ, Siebert MR, Morrell N, Boutsia K, Di Mille F, Holoien TWS, Kasen D, Kollmeier JA, Madore BF, Monson AJ, Murguia-Berthier A, Pan YC, Prochaska JX, Ramirez-Ruiz E, Rest A, Adams C, Alatalo K, Bañados E, Baughman J, Beers TC, Bernstein RA, Bitsakis T, Campillay A, Hansen TT, Higgs CR, Ji AP, Maravelias G, Marshall JL, Bidin CM, Prieto JL, Rasmussen KC, Rojas-Bravo C, Strom AL, Ulloa N, Vargas-González J, Wan Z, Whitten DD. Light curves of the neutron star merger GW170817/SSS17a: Implications for r-process nucleosynthesis. Science 2017; 358:1570-1574. [PMID: 29038375 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaq0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
On 17 August 2017, gravitational waves (GWs) were detected from a binary neutron star merger, GW170817, along with a coincident short gamma-ray burst, GRB 170817A. An optical transient source, Swope Supernova Survey 17a (SSS17a), was subsequently identified as the counterpart of this event. We present ultraviolet, optical, and infrared light curves of SSS17a extending from 10.9 hours to 18 days postmerger. We constrain the radioactively powered transient resulting from the ejection of neutron-rich material. The fast rise of the light curves, subsequent decay, and rapid color evolution are consistent with multiple ejecta components of differing lanthanide abundance. The late-time light curve indicates that SSS17a produced at least ~0.05 solar masses of heavy elements, demonstrating that neutron star mergers play a role in rapid neutron capture (r-process) nucleosynthesis in the universe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M R Drout
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA.
| | - A L Piro
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - B J Shappee
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA.,Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawai'i, 2680 Woodlawn Drive, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - C D Kilpatrick
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - J D Simon
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - C Contreras
- Las Campanas Observatory, Carnegie Observatories, Casilla 601, La Serena, Chile
| | - D A Coulter
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - R J Foley
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - M R Siebert
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - N Morrell
- Las Campanas Observatory, Carnegie Observatories, Casilla 601, La Serena, Chile
| | - K Boutsia
- Las Campanas Observatory, Carnegie Observatories, Casilla 601, La Serena, Chile
| | - F Di Mille
- Las Campanas Observatory, Carnegie Observatories, Casilla 601, La Serena, Chile
| | - T W-S Holoien
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - D Kasen
- Departments of Physics and Astronomy, 366 LeConte Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - J A Kollmeier
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - B F Madore
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - A J Monson
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA.,Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Pennsylvania State University, 525 Davey Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - A Murguia-Berthier
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - Y-C Pan
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - J X Prochaska
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - E Ramirez-Ruiz
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.,Dark Cosmology Center, Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Rest
- Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - C Adams
- Division of Physics, Mathematics, and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - K Alatalo
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA.,Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - E Bañados
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - J Baughman
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Núcleo de Astronomía de la Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales, Avenida Ejército 441, Santiago, Chile
| | - T C Beers
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.,Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Center for the Evolution of the Elements, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - R A Bernstein
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - T Bitsakis
- Instituto de Radioastronomía y Astrofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, C.P. 58190, Morelia, Mexico
| | - A Campillay
- Departamento de Física y Astronomía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Serena, Cisternas 1200, La Serena, Chile
| | - T T Hansen
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - C R Higgs
- University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada.,National Research Council Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, 5071 West Saanich Road, Victoria, British Columbia V9E 2E7, Canada
| | - A P Ji
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - G Maravelias
- Instituto de Física y Astronomía, Universidad de Valparaíso, Avenida Gran Bretaña 1111, Casilla 5030, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - J L Marshall
- George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - C Moni Bidin
- Instituto de Astronomía, Universidad Católica del Norte, Avenida Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - J L Prieto
- Núcleo de Astronomía de la Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad Diego Portales, Avenida Ejército 441, Santiago, Chile.,Millennium Institute of Astrophysics, Santiago, Chile
| | - K C Rasmussen
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.,Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Center for the Evolution of the Elements, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - C Rojas-Bravo
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
| | - A L Strom
- The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA
| | - N Ulloa
- Departamento de Física y Astronomía, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Serena, Cisternas 1200, La Serena, Chile
| | - J Vargas-González
- Las Campanas Observatory, Carnegie Observatories, Casilla 601, La Serena, Chile
| | - Z Wan
- Sydney Institute for Astronomy, School of Physics, A28, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - D D Whitten
- Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.,Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, Center for the Evolution of the Elements, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Flaugher B, Diehl HT, Honscheid K, Abbott TMC, Alvarez O, Angstadt R, Annis JT, Antonik M, Ballester O, Beaufore L, Bernstein GM, Bernstein RA, Bigelow B, Bonati M, Boprie D, Brooks D, Buckley-Geer EJ, Campa J, Cardiel-Sas L, Castander FJ, Castilla J, Cease H, Cela-Ruiz JM, Chappa S, Chi E, Cooper C, da Costa LN, Dede E, Derylo G, DePoy DL, de Vicente J, Doel P, Drlica-Wagner A, Eiting J, Elliott AE, Emes J, Estrada J, Fausti Neto A, Finley DA, Flores R, Frieman J, Gerdes D, Gladders MD, Gregory B, Gutierrez GR, Hao J, Holland SE, Holm S, Huffman D, Jackson C, James DJ, Jonas M, Karcher A, Karliner I, Kent S, Kessler R, Kozlovsky M, Kron RG, Kubik D, Kuehn K, Kuhlmann S, Kuk K, Lahav O, Lathrop A, Lee J, Levi ME, Lewis P, Li TS, Mandrichenko I, Marshall JL, Martinez G, Merritt KW, Miquel R, Muñoz F, Neilsen EH, Nichol RC, Nord B, Ogando R, Olsen J, Palaio N, Patton K, Peoples J, Plazas AA, Rauch J, Reil K, Rheault JP, Roe NA, Rogers H, Roodman A, Sanchez E, Scarpine V, Schindler RH, Schmidt R, Schmitt R, Schubnell M, Schultz K, Schurter P, Scott L, Serrano S, Shaw TM, Smith RC, Soares-Santos M, Stefanik A, Stuermer W, Suchyta E, Sypniewski A, Tarle G, Thaler J, Tighe R, Tran C, Tucker D, Walker AR, Wang G, Watson M, Weaverdyck C, Wester W, Woods R, Yanny B. THE DARK ENERGY CAMERA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-6256/150/5/150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 580] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
4
|
Drlica-Wagner A, Albert A, Bechtol K, Wood M, Strigari L, Sánchez-Conde M, Baldini L, Essig R, Cohen-Tanugi J, Anderson B, Bellazzini R, Bloom ED, Caputo R, Cecchi C, Charles E, Chiang J, Angelis AD, Funk S, Fusco P, Gargano F, Giglietto N, Giordano F, Guiriec S, Gustafsson M, Kuss M, Loparco F, Lubrano P, Mirabal N, Mizuno T, Morselli A, Ohsugi T, Orlando E, Persic M, Rainò S, Sehgal N, Spada F, Suson DJ, Zaharijas G, Zimmer S, Abbott T, Allam S, Balbinot E, Bauer AH, Benoit-Lévy A, Bernstein RA, Bernstein GM, Bertin E, Brooks D, Buckley-Geer E, Burke DL, Rosell AC, Castander FJ, Covarrubias R, D’Andrea CB, Costa LND, DePoy DL, Desai S, Diehl HT, Cunha CE, Eifler TF, Estrada J, Evrard AE, Neto AF, Fernandez E, Finley DA, Flaugher B, Frieman J, Gaztanaga E, Gerdes D, Gruen D, Gruendl RA, Gutierrez G, Honscheid K, Jain B, James D, Jeltema T, Kent S, Kron R, Kuehn K, Kuropatkin N, Lahav O, Li TS, Luque E, Maia MAG, Makler M, March M, Marshall J, Martini P, Merritt KW, Miller C, Miquel R, Mohr J, Neilsen E, Nord B, Ogando R, Peoples J, Petravick D, Pieres A, Plazas AA, Queiroz A, Romer AK, Roodman A, Rykoff ES, Sako M, Sanchez E, Santiago B, Scarpine V, Schubnell M, Sevilla I, Smith RC, Soares-Santos M, Sobreira F, Suchyta E, Swanson MEC, Tarle G, Thaler J, Thomas D, Tucker D, Walker AR, Wechsler RH, Wester W, Williams P, Yanny B, Zuntz J. SEARCH FOR GAMMA-RAY EMISSION FROM DES DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXY CANDIDATES WITH
FERMI
-LAT DATA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/2041-8205/809/1/l4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
5
|
Bechtol K, Drlica-Wagner A, Balbinot E, Pieres A, Simon JD, Yanny B, Santiago B, Wechsler RH, Frieman J, Walker AR, Williams P, Rozo E, Rykoff ES, Queiroz A, Luque E, Benoit-Lévy A, Tucker D, Sevilla I, Gruendl RA, Costa LND, Neto AF, Maia MAG, Abbott T, Allam S, Armstrong R, Bauer AH, Bernstein GM, Bernstein RA, Bertin E, Brooks D, Buckley-Geer E, Burke DL, Rosell AC, Castander FJ, Covarrubias R, D’Andrea CB, DePoy DL, Desai S, Diehl HT, Eifler TF, Estrada J, Evrard AE, Fernandez E, Finley DA, Flaugher B, Gaztanaga E, Gerdes D, Girardi L, Gladders M, Gruen D, Gutierrez G, Hao J, Honscheid K, Jain B, James D, Kent S, Kron R, Kuehn K, Kuropatkin N, Lahav O, Li TS, Lin H, Makler M, March M, Marshall J, Martini P, Merritt KW, Miller C, Miquel R, Mohr J, Neilsen E, Nichol R, Nord B, Ogando R, Peoples J, Petravick D, Plazas AA, Romer AK, Roodman A, Sako M, Sanchez E, Scarpine V, Schubnell M, Smith RC, Soares-Santos M, Sobreira F, Suchyta E, Swanson MEC, Tarle G, Thaler J, Thomas D, Wester W, Zuntz J. EIGHT NEW MILKY WAY COMPANIONS DISCOVERED IN FIRST-YEAR DARK ENERGY SURVEY DATA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/807/1/50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 401] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|
6
|
Chang C, Busha MT, Wechsler RH, Refregier A, Amara A, Rykoff E, Becker MR, Bruderer C, Gamper L, Leistedt B, Peiris H, Abbott T, Abdalla FB, Balbinot E, Banerji M, Bernstein RA, Bertin E, Brooks D, Carnero A, Desai S, da Costa LN, Cunha CE, Eifler T, Evrard AE, Fausti Neto A, Gerdes D, Gruen D, James D, Kuehn K, Maia MAG, Makler M, Ogando R, Plazas A, Sanchez E, Santiago B, Schubnell M, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Smith C, Soares-Santos M, Suchyta E, Swanson MEC, Tarle G, Zuntz J. MODELING THE TRANSFER FUNCTION FOR THE DARK ENERGY SURVEY. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/0004-637x/801/2/73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
7
|
Prabhakaran S, Soltanolkotabi M, Honarmand AR, Bernstein RA, Lee VH, Conners JJ, Dehkordi-Vakil F, Shaibani A, Hurley MC, Ansari SA. Perfusion-based selection for endovascular reperfusion therapy in anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2014; 35:1303-8. [PMID: 24675999 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Controversy exists about the role of perfusion imaging in patient selection for endovascular reperfusion therapy in acute ischemic stroke. We hypothesized that perfusion imaging versus noncontrast CT- based selection would be associated with improved functional outcomes at 3 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed consecutive patients with anterior circulation strokes treated with endovascular reperfusion therapy within 8 hours and with baseline NIHSS score of ≥8. Baseline clinical data, selection mode (perfusion versus NCCT), angiographic data, complications, and modified Rankin Scale score at 3 months were collected. Using multivariable logistic regression, we assessed whether the mode of selection for endovascular reperfusion therapy (perfusion-based versus NCCT-based) was independently associated with good outcome. RESULTS Two-hundred fourteen patients (mean age, 67.2 years; median NIHSS score, 18; MCA occlusion 74% and ICA occlusion 26%) were included. Perfusion imaging was used in 76 (35.5%) patients (39 CT and 37 MR imaging). Perfusion imaging-selected patients were more likely to have good outcomes compared with NCCT-selected patients (55.3 versus 33.3%, P = .002); perfusion selection by CT was associated with similar outcomes as that by MR imaging (CTP, 56.; MR perfusion, 54.1%; P = .836). In multivariable analysis, CT or MR perfusion imaging selection remained strongly associated with good outcome (adjusted OR, 2.34; 95% CI, 1.22-4.47), independent of baseline severity and reperfusion. CONCLUSIONS In this multicenter study, patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent perfusion imaging were more than 2-fold more likely to have good outcomes following endovascular reperfusion therapy. Randomized studies should compare perfusion imaging with NCCT imaging for patient selection for endovascular reperfusion therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Soltanolkotabi
- Radiology (M.S., A.R.H., A.S., M.C.H., S.A.A.), Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - A R Honarmand
- Radiology (M.S., A.R.H., A.S., M.C.H., S.A.A.), Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - V H Lee
- Department of Neurology (V.H.L., J.J.C.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - J J Conners
- Department of Neurology (V.H.L., J.J.C.), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - F Dehkordi-Vakil
- Department of Economics and Decision Sciences (F.D.-V.), Western Illinois University, Macomb, Illinois
| | - A Shaibani
- Radiology (M.S., A.R.H., A.S., M.C.H., S.A.A.), Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - M C Hurley
- Radiology (M.S., A.R.H., A.S., M.C.H., S.A.A.), Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - S A Ansari
- Radiology (M.S., A.R.H., A.S., M.C.H., S.A.A.), Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vakil P, Vranic J, Hurley MC, Bernstein RA, Korutz AW, Habib A, Shaibani A, Dehkordi FH, Carroll TJ, Ansari SA. T1 gadolinium enhancement of intracranial atherosclerotic plaques associated with symptomatic ischemic presentations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2013; 34:2252-8. [PMID: 23828109 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Contrast enhancement of intracranial atherosclerotic plaques has recently been investigated using high field and high resolution MR imaging as a risk factor in the development of ischemic stroke. We studied the reliability of conventional MR imaging at 1.5T in evaluating intraplaque enhancement and its relationship with acute cerebrovascular ischemic presentations in patients with severe intracranial atherosclerotic disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively identified and analyzed 19 patients with 22 high-grade intracranial atherosclerotic disease plaques (>70% stenosis) in vessels cross-sectionally visualized by neuroanatomic MR imaging. Atherosclerotic plaques were classified as asymptomatic or symptomatic. Two blinded neuroradiologists independently ranked each lesion for the presence of intraplaque enhancement by use of a 5-point scale (1-5). Furthermore, plaque enhancement was quantified as the relative change in T1WI spin-echo signal intensity (postcontrast/precontrast) in the vessel wall at the site of each intracranial atherosclerotic disease lesion. RESULTS Intraplaque enhancement was observed in 7 of 10 (70%) symptomatic plaques, in contrast to 1 of 12 (8%) asymptomatic plaques. Interobserver reliability correlated well for intraplaque enhancement (κ = 0.82). The degree of relative plaque enhancement in symptomatic versus asymptomatic lesions (63% versus 23%) was statistically significant (P = .001, t test). CONCLUSIONS In this pilot study, we determined that intraplaque enhancement could be reliably evaluated with the use of cross-sectional imaging and analysis of vessels/plaques by use of conventional neuroanatomic MR imaging protocols. In addition, we observed a strong association between intraplaque enhancement in severe intracranial atherosclerotic disease lesions and ischemic events with the use of conventional MR imaging. Our preliminary study suggests that T1 gadolinium-enhancing plaques may be an indicator of progressing or symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease.
Collapse
|
9
|
Kumar MA, Vangala H, Tong DC, Campbell DM, Balgude A, Eyngorn I, Beraud AS, Olivot JM, Hsia AW, Bernstein RA, Wijman CA, Lansberg MG, Mlynash M, Hamilton S, Moseley ME, Albers GW. MRI guides diagnostic approach for ischaemic stroke. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2011; 82:1201-5. [PMID: 21551473 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2010.237941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Identification of ischaemic stroke subtype currently relies on clinical evaluation supported by various diagnostic studies. The authors sought to determine whether specific diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) patterns could reliably guide the subsequent work-up for patients presenting with acute ischaemic stroke symptoms. METHODS 273 consecutive patients with acute ischaemic stroke symptoms were enrolled in this prospective, observational, single-centre NIH-sponsored study. Electrocardiogram, non-contrast head CT, brain MRI, head and neck magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and transoesophageal echocardiography were performed in this prespecified order. Stroke neurologists determined TOAST (Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment) classification on admission and on discharge. Initial TOAST stroke subtypes were compared with the final TOAST subtype. If the final subtype differed from the initial assessment, the diagnostic test deemed the principal determinant of change was recorded. These principal determinants of change were compared between a CT-based and an MRI-based classification schema. RESULTS Among patients with a thromboembolic DWI pattern, transoesophageal echocardiography was the principal determinant of diagnostic change in 8.8% versus 0% for the small vessel group and 1.7% for the other group (p<0.01). Among patients with the combination of a thromboembolic pattern on MRI and a negative cervical MRA, transoesophageal echocardiography led to a change in diagnosis in 12.1%. There was no significant difference between groups using a CT-based scheme. CONCLUSIONS DWI patterns appear to predict stroke aetiologies better than conventional methods. The study data suggest an MRI-based diagnostic algorithm that can potentially obviate the need for echocardiography in one-third of stroke patients and may limit the number of secondary extracranial vascular imaging studies to approximately 10%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Kumar
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Naidech AM, Batjer HH, Bernstein RA. Prior antiplatelet therapy and outcome following intracerebral hemorrhage: A systematic review. Neurology 2011; 76:1607. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e318219dc1b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
11
|
Affiliation(s)
- L A Zeidman
- Feinberg School of Medicine of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Advances in neurologic therapeutics and intensive care medicine have expanded the arsenal of treatments available for the critical care of ischemic stroke. Several agents are available for acute reperfusion of the ischemic brain. These include intravenous recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator (rtPA), which is effective in a 3-hour time window, and intra-arterial thrombolytics, which may be effective within 6 hours. In addition, newer agents such as Ancrod and abciximab may be effective within the acute time period. Efforts to prevent secondary brain injury in critically ill patients with stroke often include prevention and reduction of fever, induced hypertension, and mechanical ventilation. Finally, death due to severe brain edema after massive hemispheric infarction can often be prevented with surgical or medical intervention. Unfortunately, there is a critical lack of well-designed clinical studies to guide the clinician in the use of these interventions. In addition, there is concern that some of these interventions may preserve life at the cost of quality of life. This article reviews the evidence behind these approaches to the critical care of ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R A Bernstein
- Department of Neurology, San Francisco General Hospital, 1001 Potrero Avenue, Room 4M62, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Simmons BP, Nutting JT, Bernstein RA. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Hand Clin 1996; 12:573-89. [PMID: 8842721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis occurs quite rarely, but should be suspected in a child presenting with arthralgias and systemic signs of sepsis. Once diagnosed, treatment necessitates a multidisciplinary approach to address the social, medical, and surgical issues. Current research into serologic methods of diagnosis shows great promise for better classifying patients, which ultimately will facilitate treatment. Recent well-designed randomized trials are providing better objective information on pharmacologic treatment alternatives. Surgery is reserved for recalcitrant cases that fail medical and occupational therapy. The goals of surgery in children with JRA are to delay or prevent joint destruction and closure of the epiphysis, to prevent or correct deformity, to decrease pain, and to maintain growth and joint motion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B P Simmons
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dartmouth Medical School, Concord, New Hampshire, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bernstein RA. Endoscopic carpal tunnel release. Conn Med 1994; 58:387-94. [PMID: 7956190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common affliction of the upper extremity with the classic symptoms of numbness in the radial three and one-half digits, and pain often secondary to repetitive motions. The 1990s have seen a surge in the incidence of CTS, possibly because of increased awareness, recognition, or an increased prevalence of repetitive motion-type disorders. Furthermore, with the increasing use of computers, more people are sitting at keyboards entering text and data, which may lead to more cases of CTS. Recently, the technique of endoscopic carpal tunnel release has gained increased notoriety. The reported benefits include decreased surgical time, decreased postoperative attention, early return to work, diminished pillar pain, and increased thenar strength.
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
The use of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) is gaining acceptance for the treatment of ununited fractures. The results of 44 articles published in the English language literature have been compiled to assess the effectiveness of PEMF vs surgical therapy. For ununited tibial fractures, 81% of reported cases healed with PEMF vs 82% with surgery. After multiple failed surgeries, the success rate of PEMF is reported to be greater than with surgery; this discrepancy increases with additional numbers of prior surgeries. In infected nonunions, the results of surgical treatment decreased by 21% and were less than the results utilizing PEMF (69% vs 81%). In open fractures, surgical healing exceeded PEMF (89% vs 78%), whereas in closed injuries PEMF cases healed more frequently (85% vs 79%). In general, PEMF treatment of ununited fractures has proved to be more successful than noninvasive traditional management and at least as effective as surgical therapies. Given the costs and potential dangers of surgery, PEMF should be considered an effective alternative. Experience supports its role as a successful method of treatment for ununited fractures of the tibia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H R Gossling
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06032
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
|
17
|
Abstract
Computerized tomography (CT) provides an accurate diagnostic tool for evaluating tilt and subluxation of the patella. Using a previously described technique, this study reviews 62 computerized tomograms, including those of 21 patients before and after lateral release or anteromedial tibial tubercle transfer. One patient was evaluated before and after soft-tissue realignment of the patella. Additional CT studies were evaluated to establish the most appropriate reference line for determining patellar tilt. Results show that lateral retinacular release effectively reduces abnormal patellar tilting as determined by CT. Anteromedial tibial tubercle transfer similarly reduces abnormal tilt. Patellar subluxation may improve substantially following either lateral release or anteromedial tibial tubercle transfer, but this study suggests that correction of subluxation is less consistent than reduction of abnormal tilt with tibial tubercle transfer or lateral release alone. Once articular degeneration has progressed to the point of facet collapse, lateral release fails to restore normal tilt.
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Ventriculocholecystic shunts are not commonly used for the treatment of hydrocephalus. We present a case of a child who underwent such a procedure and died of unusual complications. This case represents a unique juxtaposition of uncommon neurosurgical entities and complications including acquired communicating hydrocephalus, bilious ventriculitis secondary to a ventriculocholecystic shunt, and pulmonary edema. The unusual features of this case are discussed and emphasis is placed on the pathophysiologic findings.
Collapse
|
19
|
Machi J, Sigel B, Jafar JJ, Menoni R, Beitler JC, Bernstein RA, Crowell RM, Ramos JR, Spigos DG. Criteria for using imaging ultrasound during brain and spinal cord surgery. J Ultrasound Med 1984; 3:155-161. [PMID: 6726866 DOI: 10.7863/jum.1984.3.4.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Imaging ultrasonography was performed during 23 brain and five spinal cord operations with real-time B-mode instruments. Criteria for the utilization of ultrasound at neurosurgical procedures were identified in terms of assistance in the diagnosis or better definition of lesions. The diagnosis criteria were detection and exclusion. Because of the accuracy of preoperative imaging, usually little further help was provided by operative ultrasonography in detecting previously totally unknown abnormalities or excluding lesions found on positive studies. The definition criteria were localization, distinction of tissue features, and assessment of spatial relations. Operative ultrasonography was most useful when applied on the basis of these definition criteria. Operative ultrasonography was considered to be useful in 22 of 28 operations (79 per cent) in which it assisted in exposing, accessing, and extirpating disease.
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
✓ A surgically treated metastasis of a prostatic adenocarcinoma to an intracranial meningioma is reported. Literature review and discussion of such rare occurrences are presented.
Collapse
|
21
|
Habibi M, Bernstein RA, Stone J, Oldershaw J, Rhee HL. Primary bioccipital reticulum cell sarcoma: a case report with emphasis on carbon dioxide laser application. Neurosurgery 1983; 12:472-6. [PMID: 6343911 DOI: 10.1227/00006123-198304000-00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
A case of bilateral occipital primary reticulum cell sarcoma of the brain is reported, and the literature concerning this rare and often confusing tumor is reviewed. Gross total CO2 laser ablation of this infiltrating tumor of the right visual cortex is compared to conventional excision of the left occipital tumor in the same patient. The uniqueness of this case and the role of the CO2 laser in the total excision of such malignant tumors are emphasized.
Collapse
|
22
|
Bernstein RA, Andrews EM. Response strategies for chart requests from psychiatric inpatients. Hosp Community Psychiatry 1982; 33:841-3. [PMID: 7129373 DOI: 10.1176/ps.33.10.841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Of 452 patients seen during one year on a medical-school-affiliated general hospital psychiatric unit, 26 requested to see their charts. These patients tended to be younger, more likely to have character disorders, and less likely to have an affective disorder than patients who did not make chart requests. The apparent increase in the number of patients who ask to see their records may be linked to increasing medical consumerism. Rather than causing therapists to become defensive, record requests should provide an opportunity for education and treatment. The authors outline methods of interpreting and responding to chart requests.
Collapse
|
23
|
Bernstein RA, Irvine CA, Clarke JH, Clark AA. Using interaction analysis to evaluate the faculty in a human behavior course. J Med Educ 1982; 57:68-69. [PMID: 7054514 DOI: 10.1097/00001888-198201000-00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
|
24
|
|
25
|
Abstract
The dialysis exercise is a small group decision-making clinical simulation which has been completely successful as an educational technique. The success of the exercise stems from its ability to engage students cognitively and affectively while teaching problem solving skills. This complete learning package is presented, together with comments on our experience, for use in other settings.
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
Little has been written about physicians' attitudes toward patient record requests. We had predicted that physicians would not welcome such requests and would respond to them defensively. Of the 280 physicians at a university affiliated medical center included in this study, 67 per cent thought that patients were motivated to ask for their hospital charts because they wanted more information or further treatment. Only 16 per cent of the physicians said that the requests were prompted by litigious motives, and 23 per cent thought that they came from the need to obtain secondary gain. A majority of the physicians, 62 per cent, viewed the requests as an opportunity to treat or educate, but 83 per cent felt that reading the hospital record could be harmful to patients. The financial and interpersonal aspects of patient education through a response to chart requests are discussed in the final section of this article.
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
This study reviews 563 medical and surgical consultations to a general hospital psychiatric unit over three years. In addition to an analysis of the consultations by service and month, consulted patients are compared with nonconsulted patients by age, sex, and diagnosis. Parallels are drawn to psychiatric consultations are reported in the consultation-liaison literature to medical and surgical patients. Two important findings from the present study are that depressed patients received significantly (P less than 0.01) fewer consultations than expected, and that 49% of one year's consultations were for active medical problems not related to the reason for psychiatric admission.
Collapse
|
28
|
Bernstein RA, McKegney FP, Weaver LA. The dialysis exercise: a clinical simulation for preclinical medical students. J Med Educ 1980; 55:958-960. [PMID: 7441680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
|
29
|
Abstract
Liaison psychiatry is traditionally practiced on the medical and surgical floors of the general hospital. The need for liaison psychiatry on the inpatient psychiatric unit as opposed to its usual setting was realized when the medical care requirements of hospitalized psychiatric patients was assessed. In many general hospitals this medical care is provided by a psychiatrist in consultation with medical and surgical colleagues. Over a three-year period at the Medical Center Hospital of Vermont 563 medical/surgical consultations were provided to the inpatient psychiatric unit. To utilize these consultations most effectively, the role best suited for the psychiatrist was that of liaison-consultee. Case examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of employing liaison skills in the treatment of somatic problems on the inpatient psychiatric unit. The educational implications of learning the liaison model in this context are discussed.
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
A study of the visiting patterns of a general hospital psychiatric unit was undertaken to determine what difference could be detected between visited and unvisited patients. The physical rehabilitation floor at the same hospital was used as a "control." The results indicate that no significant differences could be found between the two groups of psychiatric patients but that a surprisingly large number, 40%, were not visited at all. A comparison of the visiting rates to both services favors rehabilitation 2:1 with visitors coming from a much greater distance than to psychiatry. A discussion of the data raises questions about the social isolation of psychiatric patients. The dynamics of visiting are assessed in light of their tratment implications for patients in both the hospital and the community.
Collapse
|
31
|
|
32
|
Bernstein RA, Giefer EE, Vieira JJ, Werner LH, Rimm AA. Gallbladder disease--II. Utilization of the life table method in obtaining clinically useful information. A study of 62,739 weight-conscious women. J Chronic Dis 1977; 30:529-41. [PMID: 893656 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9681(77)90074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
33
|
Bernstein RA, Gieffer EE, Rimm AA. Gallbladder disease(-)I. Assessment of validity and reliability of data derived from a questionnaire. A study of 62,739 weight-conscious women. J Chronic Dis 1976; 29:51-8. [PMID: 1254684 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9681(76)90067-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
34
|
Rimm AA, Werner LH, Yserloo BV, Bernstein RA. Relationship of ovesity and disease in 73,532 weight-conscious women. Public Health Rep 1975; 90:44-51. [PMID: 803696 PMCID: PMC1434717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between obesity and 18 different disease conditions was examined in a cross-sectional study of 73,000 weight-conscious women (TOPS Club members). The women reported an average of 1.6 disease conditions each (based on their responses on a questionnaire). Age-specific rates of occurrence for the age group 30-49 years were calculated for each disease condition. The conditions that were found to be significantly (P smaller than 0.001) correlated with obesity were diabetes, high blood pressure, gallbladder disease, gout, thyroid disease, heart disease, arthritis, and jaundice. When the crude relative risks of obesity for each disease condition were calculated, diabetes was found to be the highest (4.5), high blood pressure was second (3.3), and gallbladder disease was third (2.7).
Collapse
|
35
|
Bernstein RA, Werner LH, Rimm AA. Relationship of gallbladder disease to parity, obesity, and age. Health Serv Rep 1973; 88:925-36. [PMID: 4762102 PMCID: PMC1616102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
36
|
|
37
|
|
38
|
Bernstein RA, Pattillo RA, Hussa RO. Glycogen metabolism in human hormone-producing trophoblastic cells in continuous culture--II. Characterization of BeWo glycogen phosphorylase. Comp Biochem Physiol B 1972; 43:757-68. [PMID: 4351094 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(72)90222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
39
|
Bernstein RA, Linarelli L, Facktor MA, Friday GA, Drash AL, Fireman P. Decreased urinary adenosine 3',5' monophosphate (cyclic AMP) in asthmatics. J Lab Clin Med 1972; 80:772-9. [PMID: 4343938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
40
|
Bernstein S, Bernstein RA. Relationships between foraging efficiency and the size of the head and component brain and sensory structures in the red wood ant. Brain Res 1969; 16:85-104. [PMID: 5348864 DOI: 10.1016/0006-8993(69)90087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
41
|
Bernstein S, Bernstein RA. A method for preparing serial paraffin sections of the adult ant brain. Z Wiss Mikrosk 1966; 67:92-9. [PMID: 4167584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|