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Manley ME, May AF, Winn BL, Abernathy DL, Sahul R, Hermann RP. Phason-Dominated Thermal Transport in Fresnoite. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:255901. [PMID: 36608232 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.255901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fast-propagating waves in the phase of incommensurate structures, called phasons, have long been argued to enhance thermal transport. Although supersonic phason velocities have been observed, the lifetimes, from which mean free paths can be determined, have not been resolved. Using inelastic neutron scattering and thermal conductivity measurements, we establish that phasons in piezoelectric fresnoite make a major contribution to thermal conductivity by propagating with higher group velocities and longer mean free paths than phonons. The phason contribution to thermal conductivity is maximum near room temperature, where it is the single largest contributing degree of freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Manley
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - A F May
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - B L Winn
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D L Abernathy
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - R Sahul
- Amphenol Corporation, Frederick, Maryland 21701, USA
| | - R P Hermann
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
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2
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Sala G, Mourigal M, Boone C, Butch NP, Christianson AD, Delaire O, DeSantis AJ, Hart CL, Hermann RP, Huegle T, Kent DN, Lin JYY, Lumsden MD, Manley ME, Quirinale DG, Stone MB, Z Y. CHESS: The future direct geometry spectrometer at the second target station. Rev Sci Instrum 2022; 93:065109. [PMID: 35778024 DOI: 10.1063/5.0089740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CHESS, chopper spectrometer examining small samples, is a planned direct geometry neutron chopper spectrometer designed to detect and analyze weak signals intrinsic to small cross sections (e.g., small mass, small magnetic moments, or neutron absorbing materials) in powders, liquids, and crystals. CHESS is optimized to enable transformative investigations of quantum materials, spin liquids, thermoelectrics, battery materials, and liquids. The broad dynamic range of the instrument is also well suited to study relaxation processes and excitations in soft and biological matter. The 15 Hz repetition rate of the Second Target Station at the Spallation Neutron Source enables the use of multiple incident energies within a single source pulse, greatly expanding the information gained in a single measurement. Furthermore, the high flux grants an enhanced capability for polarization analysis. This enables the separation of nuclear from magnetic scattering or coherent from incoherent scattering in hydrogenous materials over a large range of energy and momentum transfer. This paper presents optimizations and technical solutions to address the key requirements envisioned in the science case and the anticipated uses of this instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sala
- Spallation Neutron Source, Second Target Station, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M Mourigal
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA
| | - C Boone
- Spallation Neutron Source, Second Target Station, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - N P Butch
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - A D Christianson
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - O Delaire
- Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - A J DeSantis
- Spallation Neutron Source, Second Target Station, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - C L Hart
- Spallation Neutron Source, Second Target Station, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - R P Hermann
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - T Huegle
- Neutron Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D N Kent
- Spallation Neutron Source, Second Target Station, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J Y Y Lin
- Spallation Neutron Source, Second Target Station, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M D Lumsden
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M E Manley
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D G Quirinale
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M B Stone
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Y Z
- Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Manley ME, Hong K, Yin P, Chi S, Cai Y, Hua C, Daemen LL, Hermann RP, Wang H, May AF, Asta M, Ahmadi M. Giant isotope effect on phonon dispersion and thermal conductivity in methylammonium lead iodide. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eaaz1842. [PMID: 32789169 PMCID: PMC7399528 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz1842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites are strong candidates for high-performance low-cost photovoltaics, light emission, and detection applications. A hot-phonon bottleneck effect significantly extends the cooling time of hot charge carriers, which thermalize through carrier-optic phonon scattering, followed by optic phonon decay to acoustic phonons and finally thermal conduction. To understand these processes, we adjust the lattice dynamics independently of electronics by changing isotopes. We show that doubling the mass of hydrogen in methylammonium lead iodide by replacing protons with deuterons causes a large 20 to 50% softening of the longitudinal acoustic phonons near zone boundaries, reduces thermal conductivity by ~50%, and slows carrier relaxation kinetics. Phonon softening is attributed to anticrossing with the slowed libration modes of the deuterated molecules and the reduced thermal conductivity to lowered phonon velocities. Our results reveal how tuning the organic molecule dynamics enables control of phonons important to thermal conductivity and the hot-phonon bottleneck.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Manley
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - K. Hong
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - P. Yin
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - S. Chi
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Y. Cai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - C. Hua
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - L. L. Daemen
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - R. P. Hermann
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - H. Wang
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - A. F. May
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - M. Asta
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - M. Ahmadi
- Joint Institute for Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
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Zheng Y, Lu T, Polash MMH, Rasoulianboroujeni M, Liu N, Manley ME, Deng Y, Sun PJ, Chen XL, Hermann RP, Vashaee D, Heremans JP, Zhao H. Paramagnon drag in high thermoelectric figure of merit Li-doped MnTe. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaat9461. [PMID: 31548980 PMCID: PMC6744264 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat9461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Local thermal magnetization fluctuations in Li-doped MnTe are found to increase its thermopower α strongly at temperatures up to 900 K. Below the Néel temperature (T N ~ 307 K), MnTe is antiferromagnetic, and magnon drag contributes αmd to the thermopower, which scales as ~T 3. Magnon drag persists into the paramagnetic state up to >3 × T N because of long-lived, short-range antiferromagnet-like fluctuations (paramagnons) shown by neutron spectroscopy to exist in the paramagnetic state. The paramagnon lifetime is longer than the charge carrier-magnon interaction time; its spin-spin spatial correlation length is larger than the free-carrier effective Bohr radius and de Broglie wavelength. Thus, to itinerant carriers, paramagnons look like magnons and give a paramagnon-drag thermopower. This contribution results in an optimally doped material having a thermoelectric figure of merit ZT > 1 at T > ~900 K, the first material with a technologically meaningful thermoelectric energy conversion efficiency from a spin-caloritronic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Zheng
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - T. Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Md M. H. Polash
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - M. Rasoulianboroujeni
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - N. Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - M. E. Manley
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6064, USA
| | - Y. Deng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - P. J. Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - X. L. Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - R. P. Hermann
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6064, USA
- Corresponding author. (J.P.H.); (H.Z.); (D.V.); (R.P.H.)
| | - D. Vashaee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
- Corresponding author. (J.P.H.); (H.Z.); (D.V.); (R.P.H.)
| | - J. P. Heremans
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Corresponding author. (J.P.H.); (H.Z.); (D.V.); (R.P.H.)
| | - H. Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Corresponding author. (J.P.H.); (H.Z.); (D.V.); (R.P.H.)
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Manley ME, Hellman O, Shulumba N, May AF, Stonaha PJ, Lynn JW, Garlea VO, Alatas A, Hermann RP, Budai JD, Wang H, Sales BC, Minnich AJ. Intrinsic anharmonic localization in thermoelectric PbSe. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1928. [PMID: 31028271 PMCID: PMC6486597 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09921-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead chalcogenides have exceptional thermoelectric properties and intriguing anharmonic lattice dynamics underlying their low thermal conductivities. An ideal material for thermoelectric efficiency is the phonon glass-electron crystal, which drives research on strategies to scatter or localize phonons while minimally disrupting electronic-transport. Anharmonicity can potentially do both, even in perfect crystals, and simulations suggest that PbSe is anharmonic enough to support intrinsic localized modes that halt transport. Here, we experimentally observe high-temperature localization in PbSe using neutron scattering but find that localization is not limited to isolated modes - zero group velocity develops for a significant section of the transverse optic phonon on heating above a transition in the anharmonic dynamics. Arrest of the optic phonon propagation coincides with unusual sharpening of the longitudinal acoustic mode due to a loss of phase space for scattering. Our study shows how nonlinear physics beyond conventional anharmonic perturbations can fundamentally alter vibrational transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Manley
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
| | - O Hellman
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - N Shulumba
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - A F May
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - P J Stonaha
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - J W Lynn
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - V O Garlea
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - A Alatas
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 64039, USA
| | - R P Hermann
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - J D Budai
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - H Wang
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - B C Sales
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - A J Minnich
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
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Manley ME, Stonaha PJ, Abernathy DL, Chi S, Sahul R, Hermann RP, Budai JD. Supersonic propagation of lattice energy by phasons in fresnoite. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1823. [PMID: 29739934 PMCID: PMC5940883 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04229-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlling the thermal energy of lattice vibrations separately from electrons is vital to many applications including electronic devices and thermoelectric energy conversion. To remove heat without shorting electrical connections, heat must be carried in the lattice of electrical insulators. Phonons are limited to the speed of sound, which, compared to the speed of electronic processes, puts a fundamental constraint on thermal management. Here we report a supersonic channel for the propagation of lattice energy in the technologically promising piezoelectric mineral fresnoite (Ba2TiSi2O8) using neutron scattering. Lattice energy propagates 2.8−4.3 times the speed of sound in the form of phasons, which are caused by an incommensurate modulation in the flexible framework structure of fresnoite. The phasons enhance the thermal conductivity by 20% at room temperature and carry lattice-energy signals at speeds beyond the limits of phonons. Fresnoite has an incommensurate structure that can be described as a nonlinear soliton lattice. Manley et al. show that the additional phason degrees of freedom associated with the solitonic structure can travel faster than more conventional phonon excitations, enabling supersonic energy transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Manley
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA.
| | - P J Stonaha
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - D L Abernathy
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - S Chi
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - R Sahul
- Meggitt Sensing Systems, Irvine, CA, 92606, USA
| | - R P Hermann
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - J D Budai
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Lab, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
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7
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Paschinger W, Rogl G, Grytsiv A, Michor H, Heinrich PR, Müller H, Puchegger S, Klobes B, Hermann RP, Reinecker M, Eisenmenger-Sitter C, Broz P, Bauer E, Giester G, Zehetbauer M, Rogl PF. Ba-filled Ni-Sb-Sn based skutterudites with anomalously high lattice thermal conductivity. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:11071-100. [PMID: 27328131 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01298a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel filled skutterudites BayNi4Sb12-xSnx (ymax = 0.93) have been prepared by arc melting followed by annealing at 250, 350 and 450 °C up to 30 days in vacuum-sealed quartz vials. Extension of the homogeneity region, solidus temperatures and structural investigations were performed for the skutterudite phase in the ternary Ni-Sn-Sb and in the quaternary Ba-Ni-Sb-Sn systems. Phase equilibria in the Ni-Sn-Sb system at 450 °C were established by means of Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray Powder Diffraction (XPD). With rather small cages Ni4(Sb,Sn)12, the Ba-Ni-Sn-Sb skutterudite system is perfectly suited to study the influence of filler atoms on the phonon thermal conductivity. Single-phase samples with the composition Ni4Sb8.2Sn3.8, Ba0.42Ni4Sb8.2Sn3.8 and Ba0.92Ni4Sb6.7Sn5.3 were used to measure their physical properties, i.e. temperature dependent electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient and thermal conductivity. The resistivity data demonstrate a crossover from metallic to semiconducting behaviour. The corresponding gap width was extracted from the maxima in the Seebeck coefficient data as a function of temperature. Single crystal X-ray structure analyses at 100, 200 and 300 K revealed the thermal expansion coefficients as well as Einstein and Debye temperatures for Ba0.73Ni4Sb8.1Sn3.9 and Ba0.95Ni4Sb6.1Sn5.9. These data were in accordance with the Debye temperatures obtained from the specific heat (4.4 K < T < 140 K) and Mössbauer spectroscopy (10 K < T < 290 K). Rather small atom displacement parameters for the Ba filler atoms indicate a severe reduction in the "rattling behaviour" consistent with the high levels of lattice thermal conductivity. The elastic moduli, collected from Resonant Ultrasonic Spectroscopy ranged from 100 GPa for Ni4Sb8.2Sn3.8 to 116 GPa for Ba0.92Ni4Sb6.7Sn5.3. The thermal expansion coefficients were 11.8 × 10(-6) K(-1) for Ni4Sb8.2Sn3.8 and 13.8 × 10(-6) K(-1) for Ba0.92Ni4Sb6.7Sn5.3. The room temperature Vickers hardness values vary within the range from 2.6 GPa to 4.7 GPa. Severe plastic deformation via high-pressure torsion was used to introduce nanostructuring; however, the physical properties before and after HPT showed no significant effect on the materials thermoelectric behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Paschinger
- Institute of Materials Chemistry & Research, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - G Rogl
- Institute of Materials Chemistry & Research, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Thermoelectricity, Vienna, Austria and Institute for Solid State Physics, TU-Wien, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8, A-1040 Vienna, Austria and Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - A Grytsiv
- Institute of Materials Chemistry & Research, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Thermoelectricity, Vienna, Austria and Institute for Solid State Physics, TU-Wien, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - H Michor
- Institute for Solid State Physics, TU-Wien, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - P R Heinrich
- Institute for Solid State Physics, TU-Wien, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - H Müller
- Institute for Solid State Physics, TU-Wien, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - S Puchegger
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - B Klobes
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS and Peter Grünberg Institute PGI, JARA-FIT, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - R P Hermann
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS and Peter Grünberg Institute PGI, JARA-FIT, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany and Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M Reinecker
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ch Eisenmenger-Sitter
- Institute for Solid State Physics, TU-Wien, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - P Broz
- Faculty of Science, Deparment of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 267/2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - E Bauer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Thermoelectricity, Vienna, Austria and Institute for Solid State Physics, TU-Wien, Wiedner Hauptstr. 8, A-1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - G Giester
- Institute of Mineralogy and Crystallography, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14 (UZA 2), A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - M Zehetbauer
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - P F Rogl
- Institute of Materials Chemistry & Research, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. and Christian Doppler Laboratory for Thermoelectricity, Vienna, Austria
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Abstract
The lattice dynamics of polycrystalline Mg(2)Ge and Mg(2)Si are compared using both microscopic and macroscopic measurements as well as theoretical calculations. The volume thermal expansion coefficient between 200 and 300 K was found to be 4.37(5) · 10(-5) K(-1) in Mg(2)Ge, compared to 3.69(5) · 10(-5) K(-1) in Mg(2)Si. Inelastic neutron scattering measurements yield densities of phonon states which are in line with theoretical calculations. The microscopic data were corroborated with macroscopic calorimetry measurements and provide quantified values for anharmonicity. The estimated macroscopic Grüneisen parameter is, γ(Mg(2)Si) = 1.17(5) and γ(Mg(2)Ge) = 1.46(5) at 295 K, in excellent agreement with Raman scattering data. Although the element specific mean force constants are practically the same, in Mg(2)Ge and Mg(2)Si, a mass homology relation alone cannot reproduce the difference in the partial densities of vibrational states in these compounds and differences in elemental bonding should be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bessas
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS and Peter Grünberg Institut PGI, JARA-FIT, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany. Faculté des Sciences, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium. European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043, Grenoble, France
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Bessas D, Merkel DG, Chumakov AI, Rüffer R, Hermann RP, Sergueev I, Mahmoud A, Klobes B, McGuire MA, Sougrati MT, Stievano L. Nuclear forward scattering of synchrotron radiation by 99Ru. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:147601. [PMID: 25325660 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.147601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We measured nuclear forward scattering spectra utilizing the (99)Ru transition, 89.571(3) keV, with a notably mixed E2/M1 multipolarity. The extension of the standard evaluation routines to include mixed multipolarity allows us to extract electric and magnetic hyperfine interactions from (99)Ru-containing compounds. This paves the way for several other high-energy Mössbauer transitions, E ∼ 90 keV. The high energy of such transitions allows for operando nuclear forward scattering studies in real devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bessas
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - D G Merkel
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - A I Chumakov
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - R Rüffer
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - R P Hermann
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, JCNS, and Peter Grünberg Institut PGI, JARA-FIT, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany and Faculté des Sciences, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - I Sergueev
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Mahmoud
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, JCNS, and Peter Grünberg Institut PGI, JARA-FIT, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B Klobes
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science, JCNS, and Peter Grünberg Institut PGI, JARA-FIT, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - M A McGuire
- Material Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - M T Sougrati
- Institute Charles Gerhard AIME UMR CNRS 5253, Université Montpellier 2, F-34095 Montpellier, France and Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, France
| | - L Stievano
- Institute Charles Gerhard AIME UMR CNRS 5253, Université Montpellier 2, F-34095 Montpellier, France and Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, France
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10
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Chumakov AI, Monaco G, Fontana A, Bosak A, Hermann RP, Bessas D, Wehinger B, Crichton WA, Krisch M, Rüffer R, Baldi G, Carini G, Carini G, D'Angelo G, Gilioli E, Tripodo G, Zanatta M, Winkler B, Milman V, Refson K, Dove MT, Dubrovinskaia N, Dubrovinsky L, Keding R, Yue YZ. Role of disorder in the thermodynamics and atomic dynamics of glasses. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:025502. [PMID: 24484025 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.025502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We measured the density of vibrational states (DOS) and the specific heat of various glassy and crystalline polymorphs of SiO2. The typical (ambient) glass shows a well-known excess of specific heat relative to the typical crystal (α-quartz). This, however, holds when comparing a lower-density glass to a higher-density crystal. For glassy and crystalline polymorphs with matched densities, the DOS of the glass appears as the smoothed counterpart of the DOS of the corresponding crystal; it reveals the same number of the excess states relative to the Debye model, the same number of all states in the low-energy region, and it provides the same specific heat. This shows that glasses have higher specific heat than crystals not due to disorder, but because the typical glass has lower density than the typical crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Chumakov
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - G Monaco
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy
| | - A Fontana
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Trento, I-38123 Povo, Trento, Italy and IPCF-CNR, UOS di Roma, c/o Roma University La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - A Bosak
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - R P Hermann
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS and Peter Grünberg Institut PGI, JARA-FIT, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany and Faculté des Sciences, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - D Bessas
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS and Peter Grünberg Institut PGI, JARA-FIT, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany and Faculté des Sciences, Université de Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - B Wehinger
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - W A Crichton
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - M Krisch
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - R Rüffer
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - G Baldi
- IMEM-CNR, Area delle Scienze, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - G Carini
- IPCF-CNR, UOS di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 37, I-98158 Messina, Italy
| | - G Carini
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - G D'Angelo
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - E Gilioli
- IMEM-CNR, Area delle Scienze, I-43124 Parma, Italy
| | - G Tripodo
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Scienze della Terra, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy
| | - M Zanatta
- IPCF-CNR, UOS di Roma, c/o Roma University La Sapienza, I-00185 Roma, Italy and Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Perugia, I-60123 Perugia, Italy
| | - B Winkler
- Geowissenschaften, Goethe-Universität, Altenhoeferallee 1, D-60438, Frankfurt a.M., Germany
| | - V Milman
- Accelrys, 334 Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge CB4 0WN, United Kingdom
| | - K Refson
- STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - M T Dove
- Materials Research Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - N Dubrovinskaia
- Material Physics and Technology at Extreme Conditions, Laboratory of Crystallography, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - L Dubrovinsky
- Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - R Keding
- Max Planck Institut for the Science of Light, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Y Z Yue
- Section of Chemistry, Aalborg University, DK-9000 Aalborg, Denmark
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11
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Herlitschke M, Tchougréeff AL, Soudackov AV, Klobes B, Stork L, Dronskowski R, Hermann RP. Magnetism and lattice dynamics of FeNCN compared to FeO. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj00097h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Mössbauer spectra of FeNCN at 6 and 296 K reveal that, in contrast to the usual behaviour, the hyperfine magnetic field is reduced upon cooling.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Herlitschke
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS and Peter Grünberg Institute PGI
- JARA-FIT
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- D-52425 Jülich, Germany
- Faculté des Sciences
| | - A. L. Tchougréeff
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- Independent University of Moscow
- Moscow Center for Continuous Mathematical Education
| | - A. V. Soudackov
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Urbana, USA
| | - B. Klobes
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS and Peter Grünberg Institute PGI
- JARA-FIT
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - L. Stork
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - R. Dronskowski
- Chair of Solid-State and Quantum Chemistry
- RWTH Aachen University
- D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - R. P. Hermann
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS and Peter Grünberg Institute PGI
- JARA-FIT
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH
- D-52425 Jülich, Germany
- Faculté des Sciences
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12
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Perlt S, Höche T, Dadda J, Müller E, Pereira PB, Hermann RP, Sarahan M, Pippel E, Brydson R. Correlation between microstructure and thermoelectric properties of AgPb18SbTe20 (LAST-18). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4731524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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13
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Sergueev I, Wille HC, Hermann RP, Bessas D, Shvyd'ko YV, Zając M, Rüffer R. Milli-electronvolt monochromatization of hard X-rays with a sapphire backscattering monochromator. J Synchrotron Radiat 2011; 18:802-810. [PMID: 21862862 PMCID: PMC3258116 DOI: 10.1107/s090904951102485x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A sapphire backscattering monochromator with 1.1 (1) meV bandwidth for hard X-rays (20-40 keV) is reported. The optical quality of several sapphire crystals has been studied and the best crystal was chosen to work as the monochromator. The small energy bandwidth has been obtained by decreasing the crystal volume impinged upon by the beam and by choosing the crystal part with the best quality. The monochromator was tested at the energies of the nuclear resonances of (121)Sb at 37.13 keV, (125)Te at 35.49 keV, (119)Sn at 23.88 keV, (149)Sm at 22.50 keV and (151)Eu at 21.54 keV. For each energy, specific reflections with sapphire temperatures in the 150-300 K region were chosen. Applications to nuclear inelastic scattering with these isotopes are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Sergueev
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France.
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14
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Beekman M, Hermann RP, Möchel A, Juranyi F, Nolas GS. A study of low-energy guest phonon modes in clathrate-II Na(x)Si136 (x = 3, 23, and 24). J Phys Condens Matter 2010; 22:355401. [PMID: 21403287 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/35/355401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Single-crystal x-ray diffraction from clathrate-II Na(x)Si(136) (x = 24) prepared by a new technique reveals the exceptionally large Na@Si(28) atomic displacement parameter (U(eq)) is strongly temperature dependent, and can be attributed to low-energy rattling modes associated with the Na guest. Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) spectra collected from Na(x)Si(136) powder specimens (x = 3, 23) confirm the presence of low-energy guest-derived phonon modes for Na@Si(28) and Na@Si(20). The lower energy Na@Si(28) rattler mode falls in the frequency range of the silicon host acoustic phonons, indicating the possibility for interaction with these phonons. The presence of these low-energy modes combined with the ability to controllably vary the guest content presents a unique opportunity for exploring the influence of guest-framework interactions on the lattice dynamics in intermetallic clathrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Beekman
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
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15
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Xu XS, Angst M, Brinzari TV, Hermann RP, Musfeldt JL, Christianson AD, Mandrus D, Sales BC, McGill S, Kim JW, Islam Z. Charge order, dynamics, and magnetostructural transition in multiferroic LuFe2O4. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:227602. [PMID: 19113523 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.227602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the series of temperature and field-driven transitions in LuFe2O4 by optical and Mössbauer spectroscopies, magnetization, and x-ray scattering in order to understand the interplay between charge, structure, and magnetism in this multiferroic material. We demonstrate that charge fluctuation has an onset well below the charge ordering transition, supporting the "order by fluctuation" mechanism for the development of charge order superstructure. Bragg splitting and large magneto-optical contrast suggest a low-temperature monoclinic distortion that can be driven by both temperature and magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- X S Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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16
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Angst M, Hermann RP, Christianson AD, Lumsden MD, Lee C, Whangbo MH, Kim JW, Ryan PJ, Nagler SE, Tian W, Jin R, Sales BC, Mandrus D. Charge order in LuFe2O4: antiferroelectric ground state and coupling to magnetism. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:227601. [PMID: 19113522 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.227601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
X-ray scattering by multiferroic LuFe2O4 is reported. Below 320 K, superstructure reflections indicate an incommensurate charge order with propagation close to (1/3 1/3 3/2). The corresponding charge configuration, also found by electronic structure calculations as most stable, contains polar Fe/O double layers with antiferroelectric stacking. Diffuse scattering at 360 K, with (1/3 1/3 0) propagation, indicates ferroelectric short-range correlations between neighboring double layers. The temperature dependence of the incommensuration indicates that charge order and magnetism are coupled.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Angst
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
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17
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Angst M, Hermann RP, Schweika W, Kim JW, Khalifah P, Xiang HJ, Whangbo MH, Kim DH, Sales BC, Mandrus D. Incommensurate charge order phase in Fe2OBO3 due to geometrical frustration. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:256402. [PMID: 18233535 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.256402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2007] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The temperature dependence of charge order in Fe2OBO3 was investigated by resistivity and differential scanning calorimetry measurements, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and synchrotron x-ray scattering, revealing an intermediate phase between room temperature and 340 K, characterized by coexisting mobile and immobile carriers, and by incommensurate superstructure modulations with temperature-dependent propagation vector (1/2, 0, tau). The incommensurate modulations arise from specific antiphase boundaries with low energy cost due to geometrical charge frustration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Angst
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
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18
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Schweika W, Hermann RP, Prager M, Persson J, Keppens V. Dumbbell rattling in thermoelectric zinc antimony. Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:125501. [PMID: 17930514 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.125501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Inelastic neutron scattering measurements on thermoelectric Zn4Sb3 reveal a dominant soft local phonon mode at 5.3(1) meV. The form factor of this local mode is characteristic for dumbbells vibrating preferably along the dumbbell axis and can be related to a vibration of Sb dimers along the c axis. The Lorentzian width of the mode corresponds to short phonon lifetimes of 0.39(2) ps and yields an estimate of the thermal conductivity that agrees quantitatively with recent steady state measurements. Heat capacity measurements are consistent with an Einstein mode model describing the local Sb-dimer rattling mode with an Einstein temperature of 62(1) K. Our study suggests that soft localized phonon modes in crystalline solids are not restricted to cagelike structures and are likely to be a universal feature of good thermoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Schweika
- Institut für Festkörperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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19
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Angst M, Khalifah P, Hermann RP, Xiang HJ, Whangbo MH, Varadarajan V, Brill JW, Sales BC, Mandrus D. Charge order superstructure with integer iron valence in Fe(2)OBO(3). Phys Rev Lett 2007; 99:086403. [PMID: 17930965 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.99.086403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Solution-grown single crystals of Fe(2)OBO(3) were characterized by specific heat, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction. A peak in the specific heat at 340 K indicates the onset of charge order. Evidence for a doubling of the unit cell at low temperature is presented. Combining structural refinement of diffraction data and Mössbauer spectra, domains with diagonal charge order are established. Bond-valence-sum analysis indicates integer valence states of the Fe ions in the charge ordered phase, suggesting Fe(2)OBO(3) is the clearest example of ionic charge order so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Angst
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
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20
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Matthews JP, Bishop JF, Young GA, Juneja SK, Lowenthal RM, Garson OM, Cobcroft RG, Dodds AJ, Enno A, Gillett EA, Hermann RP, Joshua DE, Ma DD, Szer J, Taylor KM, Wolf M, Bradstock KF. Patterns of failure with increasing intensification of induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukaemia. Br J Haematol 2001; 113:727-36. [PMID: 11380464 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2001.02756.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Patterns of failure were studied in two consecutive randomized trials of intensified induction therapy carried out by the Australian Leukaemia Study Group (ALSG) between 1984 and 1991 to determine the impact of dose intensification. Patients received standard dose cytarabine and daunorubicin (7-3), 7-3 plus etoposide (7-3-7) or 7-3 plus high-dose cytarabine (HIDAC-3-7) chemotherapy. Patients with FAB M3 morphology were excluded. Time to failure (TTF) was defined as the time from randomization to induction death or removal from study for non-responders, or to relapse or death in complete response (CR) for complete responders. An estimated 86% of 470 de novo patients with acute myeloid leukaemia failed within 10 years of randomization, as a result of death in induction in 17% of the randomized patients, failure to achieve CR in a further 17%, relapse in 44% and death in CR in 8% of patients. An estimated 66% of patients failed as a result of refractory disease or relapse within that period (disease-related failures). Multifactor analysis identified age and peripheral blast count as the most significant pretreatment factors associated with overall TTF. These factors, together with cytogenetics, were significantly associated with disease-related failures. High-dose cytarabine in induction significantly decreased the disease-related failure rate as did allogeneic transplantation in first CR. The impact of high-dose cytarabine did not depend on the cytogenetic risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Matthews
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate and compare three powered feeding devices (Beeson, Handy 1, Winsford) as perceived by disabled individuals who require assistance with eating. DESIGN Subjects and assistants were surveyed after using each device and serving their own controls. The order in which the devices were used was balanced. SETTING Place of subjects' residence. SUBJECTS Twelve subjects, ages 11 to 42 years, and their feeding assistants. INTERVENTION Each device trial covered a 4-day period. Day 1 focused on training to use the device, Days 2 and 3 focused on using the device at home, and on Day 4 subjects returned to the laboratory for debriefing, completing questionnaires, and videotaping. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Subjects and assistants answered questionnaires including Likert-like rankings and yes/no responses regarding functional and esthetic characteristics of each feeding device. RESULTS Significant differences were found among three powered feeding devices regarding specific design characteristic. Great percentages of both subjects and their feeding assistants responded that the devices were an improvement over how they were currently being fed and that they would use such a device on a daily basis. CONCLUSION Individuals dependent on others for feeding may benefit from the use of a powered feeding device.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Hermann
- A. I. duPont Hospital for Children/University of Delaware Applied Science and Engineering Laboratories, USA
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Abstract
To establish normal values of moving two-point discrimination (2pd) in children and adolescents, bilateral median and ulnar nerve distribution in 313 subjects aged 4 to 18 years was evaluated. A moving 2pd of 2 to 3mm for both the median and ulnar nerve distributions bilaterally was found in 270 subjects. 2% (N = 5) had moving 2pds of 4mm for both right and left median nerve distributions. There was a significant increase in mean age with 2, 3 and 4mm of moving 2pd for median and ulnar nerves bilaterally. There was no significant difference between sexes for ulnar nerves bilaterally or left median nerve. A borderline difference was found between the sexes for the right median nerve. Multivariate logistic regression revealed age as a significant predictor of discrimination for all variables. Significantly more subjects had a moving 2pd of 4mm in the ulnar nerve distribution than in the median nerve distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Hermann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
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White KL, Wiley JS, Frost T, McKendrick JJ, Hermann RP, Seldon M, Enno A, Bell R, Bunce I, Taylor K. All-trans retinoic acid in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Aust N Z J Med 1992; 22:449-54. [PMID: 1445034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) is known to induce differentiation of promyelocytes in vitro and also to induce remission of acute promyelocytic leukaemia in vivo. We treated 11 patients with poor prognosis acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) with ATRA and obtained seven complete and one partial remission. Remissions took one to three months to achieve and were associated with adverse effects including dry skin and bone pain. In eight patients the white cell count rose above 20 x 10(9)/L within the first ten days of retinoic acid treatment and this was associated with the development of pulmonary leukostasis in three patients which was fatal in one. Another two patients died of intracranial haemorrhage also within the first ten days. ATRA is a promising new agent in the induction therapy of this particular category of acute leukaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L White
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
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