1
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Guillemin R, Inhester L, Ilchen M, Mazza T, Boll R, Weber T, Eckart S, Grychtol P, Rennhack N, Marchenko T, Velasquez N, Travnikova O, Ismail I, Niskanen J, Kukk E, Trinter F, Gisselbrecht M, Feifel R, Sansone G, Rolles D, Martins M, Meyer M, Simon M, Santra R, Pfeifer T, Jahnke T, Piancastelli MN. Isotope effects in dynamics of water isotopologues induced by core ionization at an x-ray free-electron laser. Struct Dyn 2023; 10:054302. [PMID: 37799711 PMCID: PMC10550338 DOI: 10.1063/4.0000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Dynamical response of water exposed to x-rays is of utmost importance in a wealth of science areas. We exposed isolated water isotopologues to short x-ray pulses from a free-electron laser and detected momenta of all produced ions in coincidence. By combining experimental results and theoretical modeling, we identify significant structural dynamics with characteristic isotope effects in H2O2+, D2O2+, and HDO2+, such as asymmetric bond elongation and bond-angle opening, leading to two-body or three-body fragmentation on a timescale of a few femtoseconds. A method to disentangle the sequences of events taking place upon the consecutive absorption of two x-ray photons is described. The obtained deep look into structural properties and dynamics of dissociating water isotopologues provides essential insights into the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Guillemin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - L. Inhester
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science CFEL, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - T. Mazza
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - R. Boll
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - Th. Weber
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Chemical Sciences, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S. Eckart
- Institut für Kernphysik, Goethe-Universität, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | - T. Marchenko
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - N. Velasquez
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - O. Travnikova
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - I. Ismail
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J. Niskanen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - E. Kukk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | | | | | - R. Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - G. Sansone
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - D. Rolles
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - M. Martins
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M. Meyer
- European XFEL, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
| | - M. Simon
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - T. Pfeifer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - T. Jahnke
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M. N. Piancastelli
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, 75005 Paris, France
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2
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Casadei C, Hosseinizadeh A, Schertler G, Ourmazd A, Santra R. Randomness in time-resolved serial crystallography data: alternatives to the binning and averaging approach. Acta Cryst Sect A 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273322095742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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3
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Li X, Inhester L, Robatjazi SJ, Erk B, Boll R, Hanasaki K, Toyota K, Hao Y, Bomme C, Rudek B, Foucar L, Southworth SH, Lehmann CS, Kraessig B, Marchenko T, Simon M, Ueda K, Ferguson KR, Bucher M, Gorkhover T, Carron S, Alonso-Mori R, Koglin JE, Correa J, Williams GJ, Boutet S, Young L, Bostedt C, Son SK, Santra R, Rolles D, Rudenko A. Pulse Energy and Pulse Duration Effects in the Ionization and Fragmentation of Iodomethane by Ultraintense Hard X Rays. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:093202. [PMID: 34506178 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.093202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of intense femtosecond x-ray pulses with molecules sensitively depends on the interplay between multiple photoabsorptions, Auger decay, charge rearrangement, and nuclear motion. Here, we report on a combined experimental and theoretical study of the ionization and fragmentation of iodomethane (CH_{3}I) by ultraintense (∼10^{19} W/cm^{2}) x-ray pulses at 8.3 keV, demonstrating how these dynamics depend on the x-ray pulse energy and duration. We show that the timing of multiple ionization steps leading to a particular reaction product and, thus, the product's final kinetic energy, is determined by the pulse duration rather than the pulse energy or intensity. While the overall degree of ionization is mainly defined by the pulse energy, our measurement reveals that the yield of the fragments with the highest charge states is enhanced for short pulse durations, in contrast to earlier observations for atoms and small molecules in the soft x-ray domain. We attribute this effect to a decreased charge transfer efficiency at larger internuclear separations, which are reached during longer pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - L Inhester
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
| | - S J Robatjazi
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - B Erk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Boll
- Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics, Heidelberg, Germany
- European XFEL, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - K Hanasaki
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
| | - K Toyota
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Y Hao
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Theoretical Physics and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - C Bomme
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany
| | - B Rudek
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - L Foucar
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - S H Southworth
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, USA
| | - C S Lehmann
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, USA
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - B Kraessig
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, USA
| | - T Marchenko
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, Paris, France
| | - M Simon
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, Paris, France
| | - K Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - K R Ferguson
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - M Bucher
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, USA
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - T Gorkhover
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - S Carron
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - R Alonso-Mori
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - J E Koglin
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - J Correa
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany
| | - G J Williams
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
- NSLS-II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton New York, USA
| | - S Boutet
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California, USA
| | - L Young
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, USA
- Department of Physics and James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - C Bostedt
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois, USA
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI, Villigen, Switzerland
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - S-K Son
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - D Rolles
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Rudenko
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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4
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Kjellsson L, Nanda KD, Rubensson JE, Doumy G, Southworth SH, Ho PJ, March AM, Al Haddad A, Kumagai Y, Tu MF, Schaller RD, Debnath T, Bin Mohd Yusof MS, Arnold C, Schlotter WF, Moeller S, Coslovich G, Koralek JD, Minitti MP, Vidal ML, Simon M, Santra R, Loh ZH, Coriani S, Krylov AI, Young L. Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering Reveals Hidden Local Transitions of the Aqueous OH Radical. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:236001. [PMID: 32603165 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.236001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) provides remarkable opportunities to interrogate ultrafast dynamics in liquids. Here we use RIXS to study the fundamentally and practically important hydroxyl radical in liquid water, OH(aq). Impulsive ionization of pure liquid water produced a short-lived population of OH(aq), which was probed using femtosecond x-rays from an x-ray free-electron laser. We find that RIXS reveals localized electronic transitions that are masked in the ultraviolet absorption spectrum by strong charge-transfer transitions-thus providing a means to investigate the evolving electronic structure and reactivity of the hydroxyl radical in aqueous and heterogeneous environments. First-principles calculations provide interpretation of the main spectral features.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kjellsson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - K D Nanda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA
| | - J-E Rubensson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, S-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - G Doumy
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S H Southworth
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P J Ho
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A M March
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A Al Haddad
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Y Kumagai
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M-F Tu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - R D Schaller
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - T Debnath
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - M S Bin Mohd Yusof
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - C Arnold
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - W F Schlotter
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Moeller
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - G Coslovich
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J D Koralek
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M P Minitti
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M L Vidal
- DTU Chemistry-Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - M Simon
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - R Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Z-H Loh
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798
| | - S Coriani
- DTU Chemistry-Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - A I Krylov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007, USA
| | - L Young
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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5
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Loh ZH, Doumy G, Arnold C, Kjellsson L, Southworth SH, Al Haddad A, Kumagai Y, Tu MF, Ho PJ, March AM, Schaller RD, Bin Mohd Yusof MS, Debnath T, Simon M, Welsch R, Inhester L, Khalili K, Nanda K, Krylov AI, Moeller S, Coslovich G, Koralek J, Minitti MP, Schlotter WF, Rubensson JE, Santra R, Young L. Observation of the fastest chemical processes in the radiolysis of water. Science 2020; 367:179-182. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz4740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Elementary processes associated with ionization of liquid water provide a framework for understanding radiation-matter interactions in chemistry and biology. Although numerous studies have been conducted on the dynamics of the hydrated electron, its partner arising from ionization of liquid water, H2O+, remains elusive. We used tunable femtosecond soft x-ray pulses from an x-ray free electron laser to reveal the dynamics of the valence hole created by strong-field ionization and to track the primary proton transfer reaction giving rise to the formation of OH. The isolated resonance associated with the valence hole (H2O+/OH) enabled straightforward detection. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that the x-ray spectra are sensitive to structural dynamics at the ionization site. We found signatures of hydrated-electron dynamics in the x-ray spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z.-H. Loh
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - G. Doumy
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - C. Arnold
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
| | - L. Kjellsson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- European XFEL GmbH, Schenefeld, Germany
| | - S. H. Southworth
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - A. Al Haddad
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Y. Kumagai
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - M.-F. Tu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - P. J. Ho
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - A. M. March
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - R. D. Schaller
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - M. S. Bin Mohd Yusof
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - T. Debnath
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - M. Simon
- Sorbonne Université and CNRS, Laboratoire de Chemie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, LCPMR, F-750005 Paris, France
| | - R. Welsch
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
| | - L. Inhester
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - K. Khalili
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - K. Nanda
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A. I. Krylov
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S. Moeller
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - G. Coslovich
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - J. Koralek
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - M. P. Minitti
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - W. F. Schlotter
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, USA
| | - J.-E. Rubensson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R. Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
| | - L. Young
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
- Department of Physics and James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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6
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Fung R, Hanna AM, Vendrell O, Ramakrishna S, Seideman T, Santra R, Ourmazd A, Ourmazd A. Dynamics from noisy data with extreme timing uncertainty. Nature 2016; 532:471-5. [PMID: 27121840 DOI: 10.1038/nature17627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Imperfect knowledge of the times at which 'snapshots' of a system are recorded degrades our ability to recover dynamical information, and can scramble the sequence of events. In X-ray free-electron lasers, for example, the uncertainty--the so-called timing jitter--between the arrival of an optical trigger ('pump') pulse and a probing X-ray pulse can exceed the length of the X-ray pulse by up to two orders of magnitude, marring the otherwise precise time-resolution capabilities of this class of instruments. The widespread notion that little dynamical information is available on timescales shorter than the timing uncertainty has led to various hardware schemes to reduce timing uncertainty. These schemes are expensive, tend to be specific to one experimental approach and cannot be used when the record was created under ill-defined or uncontrolled conditions such as during geological events. Here we present a data-analytical approach, based on singular-value decomposition and nonlinear Laplacian spectral analysis, that can recover the history and dynamics of a system from a dense collection of noisy snapshots spanning a sufficiently large multiple of the timing uncertainty. The power of the algorithm is demonstrated by extracting the underlying dynamics on the few-femtosecond timescale from noisy experimental X-ray free-electron laser data recorded with 300-femtosecond timing uncertainty. Using a noisy dataset from a pump-probe experiment on the Coulomb explosion of nitrogen molecules, our analysis reveals vibrational wave-packets consisting of components with periods as short as 15 femtoseconds, as well as more rapid changes, which have yet to be fully explored. Our approach can potentially be applied whenever dynamical or historical information is tainted by timing uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fung
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, 3135 North Maryland Avenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA
| | - A M Hanna
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chausee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - O Vendrell
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chausee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Ramakrishna
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - T Seideman
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA
| | - R Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chausee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Ourmazd
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, 3135 North Maryland Avenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA
| | - A Ourmazd
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, 3135 North Maryland Avenue, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA
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7
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Aquila A, Barty A, Bostedt C, Boutet S, Carini G, dePonte D, Drell P, Doniach S, Downing KH, Earnest T, Elmlund H, Elser V, Gühr M, Hajdu J, Hastings J, Hau-Riege SP, Huang Z, Lattman EE, Maia FRNC, Marchesini S, Ourmazd A, Pellegrini C, Santra R, Schlichting I, Schroer C, Spence JCH, Vartanyants IA, Wakatsuki S, Weis WI, Williams GJ. The linac coherent light source single particle imaging road map. Struct Dyn 2015; 2:041701. [PMID: 26798801 PMCID: PMC4711616 DOI: 10.1063/1.4918726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Intense femtosecond x-ray pulses from free-electron laser sources allow the imaging of individual particles in a single shot. Early experiments at the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) have led to rapid progress in the field and, so far, coherent diffractive images have been recorded from biological specimens, aerosols, and quantum systems with a few-tens-of-nanometers resolution. In March 2014, LCLS held a workshop to discuss the scientific and technical challenges for reaching the ultimate goal of atomic resolution with single-shot coherent diffractive imaging. This paper summarizes the workshop findings and presents the roadmap toward reaching atomic resolution, 3D imaging at free-electron laser sources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Barty
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY , Notkestr. 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Bostedt
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Boutet
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - G Carini
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D dePonte
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | | | - K H Downing
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | | | | | | | - M Gühr
- PULSE Institute , SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | - J Hastings
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S P Hau-Riege
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory , Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - Z Huang
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory , 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | | | | | - S Marchesini
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Rd., Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ourmazd
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee , 1900 E. Kenwood Blvd, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, USA
| | | | | | - I Schlichting
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research , Jahnstrasse 29, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Schroer
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY , Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - J C H Spence
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University , Rural Rd, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | | | | | - W I Weis
- School of Medicine, Stanford University , 299 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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8
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Mazza T, Karamatskou A, Ilchen M, Bakhtiarzadeh S, Rafipoor AJ, O'Keeffe P, Kelly TJ, Walsh N, Costello JT, Meyer M, Santra R. Sensitivity of nonlinear photoionization to resonance substructure in collective excitation. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6799. [PMID: 25854939 PMCID: PMC4403373 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective behaviour is a characteristic feature in many-body systems, important for developments in fields such as magnetism, superconductivity, photonics and electronics. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the optically nonlinear response of collective excitations. Here we demonstrate how the nonlinear interaction of a many-body system with intense XUV radiation can be used as an effective probe for characterizing otherwise unresolved features of its collective response. Resonant photoionization of atomic xenon was chosen as a case study. The excellent agreement between experiment and theory strongly supports the prediction that two distinct poles underlie the giant dipole resonance. Our results pave the way towards a deeper understanding of collective behaviour in atoms, molecules and solid-state systems using nonlinear spectroscopic techniques enabled by modern short-wavelength light sources. Electrons in atoms exhibit many-body collective behaviours that can be studied by highbrightness X-rays from FELs. Here, the authors examine two-photon above threshold ionization of xenon and find that nonlinearities in the response uncover that more than one state underpins the 4d giant resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mazza
- European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Karamatskou
- 1] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany [2] Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Ilchen
- 1] European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [2] Stanford PULSE Institute, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - S Bakhtiarzadeh
- 1] European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [2] Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A J Rafipoor
- 1] European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [2] Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - P O'Keeffe
- CNR Istituto di Struttura della Materia, CP10, I-00016 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy
| | - T J Kelly
- School of Physical Sciences and NCPST, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - N Walsh
- School of Physical Sciences and NCPST, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - J T Costello
- School of Physical Sciences and NCPST, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - M Meyer
- European XFEL GmbH, Albert-Einstein-Ring 19, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Santra
- 1] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany [2] Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Santra R, Dixit G, Slowik JM. Comment on "How to observe coherent electron dynamics directly". Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:189301. [PMID: 25396400 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.189301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstraße 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - G Dixit
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-Straße 2 A, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - J M Slowik
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstraße 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
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10
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Berrah N, Fang L, Osipov T, Jurek Z, Murphy BF, Santra R. Emerging photon technologies for probing ultrafast molecular dynamics. Faraday Discuss 2014; 171:471-85. [PMID: 25315839 DOI: 10.1039/c4fd00015c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of physical and chemical changes at an atomic spatial scale and on the time scale of atomic motion is essential for a broad range of scientific fields. A new class of femtosecond, intense, short wavelength lasers, the free electron lasers, has opened up new opportunities to investigate dynamics in many areas of science. For chemical dynamics to advance however, a rigorous, quantitative understanding of dynamical effects due to intense X-ray exposure is also required. We illustrate this point by reporting here an experimental and theoretical investigation of the interaction of C(60) molecules with intense X-ray pulses, in the multiphoton regime. We also describe the potential of new available instrumentation and explore their potential impact in physical, chemical and biological sciences when they are coupled with emerging photon technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Berrah
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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11
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Murphy BF, Osipov T, Jurek Z, Fang L, Son SK, Mucke M, Eland JHD, Zhaunerchyk V, Feifel R, Avaldi L, Bolognesi P, Bostedt C, Bozek JD, Grilj J, Guehr M, Frasinski LJ, Glownia J, Ha DT, Hoffmann K, Kukk E, McFarland BK, Miron C, Sistrunk E, Squibb RJ, Ueda K, Santra R, Berrah N. Femtosecond X-ray-induced explosion of C60 at extreme intensity. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4281. [PMID: 24969734 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding molecular femtosecond dynamics under intense X-ray exposure is critical to progress in biomolecular imaging and matter under extreme conditions. Imaging viruses and proteins at an atomic spatial scale and on the time scale of atomic motion requires rigorous, quantitative understanding of dynamical effects of intense X-ray exposure. Here we present an experimental and theoretical study of C60 molecules interacting with intense X-ray pulses from a free-electron laser, revealing the influence of processes not previously reported. Our work illustrates the successful use of classical mechanics to describe all moving particles in C60, an approach that scales well to larger systems, for example, biomolecules. Comparisons of the model with experimental data on C60 ion fragmentation show excellent agreement under a variety of laser conditions. The results indicate that this modelling is applicable for X-ray interactions with any extended system, even at higher X-ray dose rates expected with future light sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- B F Murphy
- 1] Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA [2]
| | - T Osipov
- 1] Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA [2]
| | - Z Jurek
- 1] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany [2] The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [3]
| | - L Fang
- Department of Physics, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA
| | - S-K Son
- 1] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany [2] The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Mucke
- Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J H D Eland
- 1] Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden [2] Department of Chemistry, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - V Zhaunerchyk
- Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - R Feifel
- Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - L Avaldi
- Instituto di Metodologie Inorganiche e dei Plasmi, C.N.R., Rome 00133, Italy
| | - P Bolognesi
- Instituto di Metodologie Inorganiche e dei Plasmi, C.N.R., Rome 00133, Italy
| | - C Bostedt
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J D Bozek
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - J Grilj
- PULSE, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - M Guehr
- PULSE, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - L J Frasinski
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - J Glownia
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - D T Ha
- Department of Physics, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - K Hoffmann
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - E Kukk
- Department of Physics, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - B K McFarland
- PULSE, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C Miron
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, l'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, BP 48, 91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E Sistrunk
- PULSE, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - R J Squibb
- 1] Gothenburg University, Department of Physics Origovägen 6, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden [2] Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - K Ueda
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - R Santra
- 1] Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany [2] The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, 22761 Hamburg, Germany [3] Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - N Berrah
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
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12
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Müller L, Gutt C, Pfau B, Schaffert S, Geilhufe J, Büttner F, Mohanty J, Flewett S, Treusch R, Düsterer S, Redlin H, Al-Shemmary A, Hille M, Kobs A, Frömter R, Oepen HP, Ziaja B, Medvedev N, Son SK, Thiele R, Santra R, Vodungbo B, Lüning J, Eisebitt S, Grübel G. Breakdown of the x-ray resonant magnetic scattering signal during intense pulses of extreme ultraviolet free-electron-laser radiation. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:234801. [PMID: 25167501 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.234801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We present results of single-shot resonant magnetic scattering experiments of Co/Pt multilayer systems using 100 fs long ultraintense pulses from an extreme ultraviolet (XUV) free-electron laser. An x-ray-induced breakdown of the resonant magnetic scattering channel during the pulse duration is observed at fluences of 5 J/cm(2). Simultaneously, the speckle contrast of the high-fluence scattering pattern is significantly reduced. We performed simulations of the nonequilibrium evolution of the Co/Pt multilayer system during the XUV pulse duration. We find that the electronic state of the sample is strongly perturbed during the first few femtoseconds of exposure leading to an ultrafast quenching of the resonant magnetic scattering mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Müller
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - C Gutt
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - B Pfau
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, TU Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Schaffert
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, TU Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - J Geilhufe
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - F Büttner
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, TU Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - J Mohanty
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, TU Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - S Flewett
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, TU Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - R Treusch
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S Düsterer
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - H Redlin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Al-Shemmary
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - M Hille
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Hamburg, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Kobs
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Hamburg, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Frömter
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Hamburg, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - H P Oepen
- Institut für Angewandte Physik, Universität Hamburg, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - B Ziaja
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland
| | - N Medvedev
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - S-K Son
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Thiele
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R Santra
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany and Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and I. Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Hamburg, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - B Vodungbo
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Matière et Rayonnement-CNRS UMR 7614, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - J Lüning
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Matière et Rayonnement-CNRS UMR 7614, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - S Eisebitt
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, TU Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany and Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, 14109 Berlin, Germany
| | - G Grübel
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), Notkestraße 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany and The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
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13
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Fukuzawa H, Son SK, Motomura K, Mondal S, Nagaya K, Wada S, Liu XJ, Feifel R, Tachibana T, Ito Y, Kimura M, Sakai T, Matsunami K, Hayashita H, Kajikawa J, Johnsson P, Siano M, Kukk E, Rudek B, Erk B, Foucar L, Robert E, Miron C, Tono K, Inubushi Y, Hatsui T, Yabashi M, Yao M, Santra R, Ueda K. Deep inner-shell multiphoton ionization by intense x-ray free-electron laser pulses. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:173005. [PMID: 23679721 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.173005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated multiphoton multiple ionization dynamics of xenon atoms using a new x-ray free-electron laser facility, SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free electron LAser (SACLA) in Japan, and identified that Xe(n+) with n up to 26 is produced at a photon energy of 5.5 keV. The observed high charge states (n≥24) are produced via five-photon absorption, evidencing the occurrence of multiphoton absorption involving deep inner shells. A newly developed theoretical model, which shows good agreement with the experiment, elucidates the complex pathways of sequential electronic decay cascades accessible in heavy atoms. The present study of heavy-atom ionization dynamics in high-intensity hard-x-ray pulses makes a step forward towards molecular structure determination with x-ray free-electron lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Fukuzawa
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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14
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Wirth A, Santra R, Goulielmakis E. Real time tracing of valence-shell electronic coherences with attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Chem Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Kanter EP, Krässig B, Li Y, March AM, Ho P, Rohringer N, Santra R, Southworth SH, DiMauro LF, Doumy G, Roedig CA, Berrah N, Fang L, Hoener M, Bucksbaum PH, Ghimire S, Reis DA, Bozek JD, Bostedt C, Messerschmidt M, Young L. Unveiling and driving hidden resonances with high-fluence, high-intensity x-ray pulses. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:233001. [PMID: 22182083 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.233001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We show that high fluence, high-intensity x-ray pulses from the world's first hard x-ray free-electron laser produce nonlinear phenomena that differ dramatically from the linear x-ray-matter interaction processes that are encountered at synchrotron x-ray sources. We use intense x-ray pulses of sub-10-fs duration to first reveal and subsequently drive the 1s↔2p resonance in singly ionized neon. This photon-driven cycling of an inner-shell electron modifies the Auger decay process, as evidenced by line shape modification. Our work demonstrates the propensity of high-fluence, femtosecond x-ray pulses to alter the target within a single pulse, i.e., to unveil hidden resonances, by cracking open inner shells energetically inaccessible via single-photon absorption, and to consequently trigger damaging electron cascades at unexpectedly low photon energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E P Kanter
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.
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16
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Wirth A, Hassan MT, Grguraš I, Gagnon J, Moulet A, Luu TT, Pabst S, Santra R, Alahmed ZA, Azzeer AM, Yakovlev VS, Pervak V, Krausz F, Goulielmakis E. Synthesized Light Transients. Science 2011; 334:195-200. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1210268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 483] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Wirth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - M. Th. Hassan
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - I. Grguraš
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J. Gagnon
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - A. Moulet
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - T. T. Luu
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - S. Pabst
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - R. Santra
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Jungiusstrasse 9, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Z. A. Alahmed
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - A. M. Azzeer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - V. S. Yakovlev
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Department für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - V. Pervak
- Department für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - F. Krausz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Department für Physik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - E. Goulielmakis
- Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik (MPQ), Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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17
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Doumy G, Roedig C, Son SK, Blaga CI, DiChiara AD, Santra R, Berrah N, Bostedt C, Bozek JD, Bucksbaum PH, Cryan JP, Fang L, Ghimire S, Glownia JM, Hoener M, Kanter EP, Krässig B, Kuebel M, Messerschmidt M, Paulus GG, Reis DA, Rohringer N, Young L, Agostini P, DiMauro LF. Nonlinear atomic response to intense ultrashort x rays. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 106:083002. [PMID: 21405568 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.083002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The nonlinear absorption mechanisms of neon atoms to intense, femtosecond kilovolt x rays are investigated. The production of Ne(9+) is observed at x-ray frequencies below the Ne(8+), 1s(2) absorption edge and demonstrates a clear quadratic dependence on fluence. Theoretical analysis shows that the production is a combination of the two-photon ionization of Ne(8+) ground state and a high-order sequential process involving single-photon production and ionization of transient excited states on a time scale faster than the Auger decay. We find that the nonlinear direct two-photon ionization cross section is orders of magnitude higher than expected from previous calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Doumy
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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18
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Young L, Kanter EP, Krässig B, Li Y, March AM, Pratt ST, Santra R, Southworth SH, Rohringer N, Dimauro LF, Doumy G, Roedig CA, Berrah N, Fang L, Hoener M, Bucksbaum PH, Cryan JP, Ghimire S, Glownia JM, Reis DA, Bozek JD, Bostedt C, Messerschmidt M. Femtosecond electronic response of atoms to ultra-intense X-rays. Nature 2010; 466:56-61. [PMID: 20596013 DOI: 10.1038/nature09177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An era of exploring the interactions of high-intensity, hard X-rays with matter has begun with the start-up of a hard-X-ray free-electron laser, the Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). Understanding how electrons in matter respond to ultra-intense X-ray radiation is essential for all applications. Here we reveal the nature of the electronic response in a free atom to unprecedented high-intensity, short-wavelength, high-fluence radiation (respectively 10(18) W cm(-2), 1.5-0.6 nm, approximately 10(5) X-ray photons per A(2)). At this fluence, the neon target inevitably changes during the course of a single femtosecond-duration X-ray pulse-by sequentially ejecting electrons-to produce fully-stripped neon through absorption of six photons. Rapid photoejection of inner-shell electrons produces 'hollow' atoms and an intensity-induced X-ray transparency. Such transparency, due to the presence of inner-shell vacancies, can be induced in all atomic, molecular and condensed matter systems at high intensity. Quantitative comparison with theory allows us to extract LCLS fluence and pulse duration. Our successful modelling of X-ray/atom interactions using a straightforward rate equation approach augurs favourably for extension to complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Young
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.
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19
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Ho PJ, Starodub D, Saldin DK, Shneerson VL, Ourmazd A, Santra R. Molecular structure determination from x-ray scattering patterns of laser-aligned symmetric-top molecules. J Chem Phys 2009; 131:131101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3245404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Sulai IA, Wu Q, Bishof M, Drake GWF, Lu ZT, Mueller P, Santra R. Hyperfine suppression of 2 3 S 1--3 3 P J transitions in 3He. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:173001. [PMID: 18999744 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.173001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two anomalously weak transitions within the 2(3)S_(1)--3(3)P_(J) manifolds in 3He have been identified. Their transition strengths are measured to be 1000 times weaker than that of the strongest transition in the same group. This dramatic suppression of transition strengths is due to the dominance of the hyperfine interaction over the fine-structure interaction. An alternative selection rule based on IS coupling (where the nuclear spin is first coupled to the total electron spin) is proposed. This provides qualitative understanding of the transition strengths. It is shown that the small deviations from the IS coupling model are fully accounted for by an exact diagonalization of the strongly interacting states.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Sulai
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
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21
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Young L, Arms DA, Dufresne EM, Dunford RW, Ederer DL, Höhr C, Kanter EP, Krässig B, Landahl EC, Peterson ER, Rudati J, Santra R, Southworth SH. X-ray microprobe of orbital alignment in strong-field ionized atoms. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 97:083601. [PMID: 17026302 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.083601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a synchrotron-based, time-resolved x-ray microprobe to investigate optical strong-field processes at intermediate intensities (10(14) - 10(15) W/cm2). This quantum-state specific probe has enabled the direct observation of orbital alignment in the residual ion produced by strong-field ionization of krypton atoms via resonant, polarized x-ray absorption. We found strong alignment to persist for a period long compared to the spin-orbit coupling time scale (6.2 fs). The observed degree of alignment can be explained by models that incorporate spin-orbit coupling. The methodology is applicable to a wide range of problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Young
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.
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22
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Bilodeau R, Walter C, Dumitriu I, Gibson N, Ackerman G, Bozek J, Rude B, Santra R, Cederbaum L, Berrah N. Photo double detachment of CN−: Electronic decay from an inner-valence hole in molecular anions. Chem Phys Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2006.05.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Scheit S, Averbukh V, Meyer HD, Moiseyev N, Santra R, Sommerfeld T, Zobeley J, Cederbaum LS. On the interatomic Coulombic decay in the Ne dimer. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:8393-8. [PMID: 15511160 DOI: 10.1063/1.1794654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD) in the Ne dimer is discussed in view of the recent experimental results. The ICD electron spectrum and the kinetic energy release of the Ne+ fragments resulting after Coulomb explosion of Ne2 (2+) are computed and compared to the measured ones. A very good agreement is found, confirming the dynamics predicted for this decay mechanism. The effect of the temperature on the electron spectrum is briefly investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Scheit
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Santra R, Zobeley J, Cederbaum LS, Moiseyev N. Interatomic coulombic decay in van der waals clusters and impact of nuclear motion. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 85:4490-4493. [PMID: 11082578 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.4490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
It is demonstrated that excited van der Waals systems can relax by electron emission via a novel interatomic mechanism. The process is analyzed by means of extensive ab initio calculations of potential energy surfaces and electronic decay rates. The electronic emission, taking place on the same time scale as the motion of the atomic nuclei, is accompanied by interesting dynamical effects amenable to experimental observations. These effects arise as a consequence of the weak chemical bond in van der Waals clusters and the Coulomb repulsion pattern originating from electron emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Santra
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universitat Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Santra R, Breidbach J, Zobeley J, Cederbaum LS. Parallel filter diagonalization: A novel method to resolve quantum states in dense spectral regions. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Meyer V, Bagayev SN, Baird PE, Bakule P, Boshier MG, Breitruck A, Cornish SL, Dychkov S, Eaton GH, Grossmann A, Hubl D, Hughes VW, Jungmann K, Lane IC, Liu YW, Lucas D, Matyugin Y, Merkel J, Reinhard I, Sandars PG, Santra R, Schmidt PV, Scott CA, Toner WT, Towrie M. Measurement of the 1s-2s energy interval in muonium. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:1136-1139. [PMID: 11017462 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.1136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The 1s-2s interval has been measured in the muonium (&mgr;(+)e(-)) atom by Doppler-free two-photon pulsed laser spectroscopy. The frequency separation of the states was determined to be 2 455 528 941.0(9.8) MHz, in good agreement with quantum electrodynamics. The result may be interpreted as a measurement of the muon-electron charge ratio as -1-1.1(2.1)x10(-9). We expect significantly higher accuracy at future high flux muon sources and from cw laser technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Meyer
- Physikalisches Institut der Universitat Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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