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Wróbel-Szkolak J, Cwener A, Pietraś R, Komsta Ł. Simultaneous component analysis as an interesting preliminary data analysis method in GC-MS – An example of headspace screening of Polish grasses. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2022. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2022.01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract70 species of grasses family (Poaceae), coming from genera: Agrostis, Alopecurus, Anthoxanthum, Apera, Arrhenatherum, Avena, Brachypodium, Briza, Bromus, Calamagrostis, Corynephorus, Cynosurus, Dactylis, Danthonia, Deschampsia, Digitaria, Echinochloa, Elymus, Eragrostis, Festuca, Glyceria, Helictotrichon, Hierochloe, Holcus, Hordeum, Koeleria, Leymus, Lolium, Milium, Molinia, Nardus, Panicum, Phalaris, Phleum, Phragmites, Poa, Saccharum and Setaria, collected mostly from natural stands in Poland during 2020 season, were subjected to GC-MS fingerprinting of headspace volatile fraction above dried material. Obtained mass spectrometry data were analyzed by means of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Five species: Glyceria maxima (Hartm.) Holmb., Lolium multiflorum Lam., Hordeum jubatum L., Bromus tectorum L. and Bromus secalinus L. were identified as outliers, which is consistent with our earlier analysis by thin layer chromatography. These species deserve further look and their outliance is orthogonal to coumarin content, which was independently observed for odorant species of grasses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Wróbel-Szkolak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Cwener
- Botanical Garden of Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, Sławinkowska 3, 20-810, Lublin, Poland
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1A, 20-083, Lublin, Poland
| | - Rafał Pietraś
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
| | - Łukasz Komsta
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
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Lipska K, Gumieniczek A, Pietraś R, Filip AA. HPLC-UV and GC-MS Methods for Determination of Chlorambucil and Valproic Acid in Plasma for Further Exploring a New Combined Therapy of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Molecules 2021; 26:2903. [PMID: 34068372 PMCID: PMC8153269 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High performance liquid chromatography with ultra-violet detection (HPLC-UV) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods were developed and validated for the determination of chlorambucil (CLB) and valproic acid (VPA) in plasma, as a part of experiments on their anticancer activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). CLB was extracted from 250 µL of plasma with methanol, using simple protein precipitation and filtration. Chromatography was carried out on a LiChrospher 100 RP-18 end-capped column using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile, water and formic acid, and detection at 258 nm. The lowest limit of detection LLOQ was found to be 0.075 μg/mL, showing sufficient sensitivity in relation to therapeutic concentrations of CLB in plasma. The accuracy was from 94.13% to 101.12%, while the intra- and inter-batch precision was ≤9.46%. For quantitation of VPA, a sensitive GC-MS method was developed involving simple pre-column esterification with methanol and extraction with hexane. Chromatography was achieved on an HP-5MSUI column and monitored by MS with an electron impact ionization and selective ion monitoring mode. Using 250 µL of plasma, the LLOQ was found to be 0.075 μg/mL. The accuracy was from 94.96% to 109.12%, while the intra- and inter-batch precision was ≤6.69%. Thus, both methods fulfilled the requirements of FDA guidelines for the determination of drugs in biological materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Lipska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (K.L.); (R.P.)
| | - Anna Gumieniczek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (K.L.); (R.P.)
| | - Rafał Pietraś
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (K.L.); (R.P.)
| | - Agata A. Filip
- Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetics Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
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Gumieniczek A, Berecka-Rycerz A, Pietraś R, Kozak I, Lejwoda K, Kozyra P. Comparative Study of Chemical Stability of Two H 1 Antihistaminic Drugs, Terfenadine and Its In Vivo Metabolite Fexofenadine, Using LC-UV Methods. J Anal Methods Chem 2019; 2019:5790404. [PMID: 31061743 PMCID: PMC6466962 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5790404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A comparative study of chemical stability of terfenadine (TER) and its in vivo metabolite fexofenadine (FEX) was performed. Both TER and FEX were subjected to high temperature at different pH and UV/VIS light at different pH and then quantitatively analyzed using new validated LC-UV methods. These methods were used to monitor the degradation processes and to determine the kinetics of degradation for both the compounds. As far as the effects of temperature and pH were concerned, FEX occurred more sensitive to degradation than TER. As far as the effects of UV/VIS light and pH were concerned, the both drugs were similarly sensitive to high doses of light. Using all stress conditions, the processes of degradation of TER and FEX followed the first-order kinetics. The results obtained for these two antihistaminic drugs could be helpful in developing their new derivatives with higher activity and stability at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gumieniczek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Berecka-Rycerz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Rafał Pietraś
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Izabela Kozak
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Karolina Lejwoda
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Kozyra
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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Pilarska M, Skowron E, Pietraś R, Krupinska K, Niewiadomska E. Changes in lipid peroxidation in stay-green leaves of tobacco with senescence-induced synthesis of cytokinins. Plant Physiol Biochem 2017; 118:161-167. [PMID: 28641138 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the progress of leaf senescence has long been suggested, but there are contrasting results to either support or deny the positive correlation between the senescence progression and the level of ROS-triggered lipid peroxidation. The inconsistency among reported results can partly be attributed to the poor specificity of the most commonly employed colorimetric assay and changes in the ratio of dry weight/fresh weight during leaf senescence. In this study we determined the end-product of lipid peroxidation malondialdehyde (MDA) by GS-MS, and analyzed its changes during senescence of tobacco leaves as calculated on dry weight basis. In leaves of the wild type plants the MDA level did not change during senescence. In the mutant PSAG12::IPT leaves stayed green because of the elevated synthesis of cytokinins, but the MDA level was much higher in comparison to WT when leaves of the same age were compared. These results clearly show that lipid peroxidation is not associated with leaf senescence, at least in tobacco. This GS-MS method can be used to judge the involvement of lipid peroxidation in senescence in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pilarska
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Ernest Skowron
- Institute of Biology, The Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Rafał Pietraś
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Karin Krupinska
- Institute of Botany, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ewa Niewiadomska
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland.
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Gumieniczek A, Mączka P, Komsta Ł, Pietraś R. Dissolution profiles of perindopril and indapamide in their fixed-dose formulations by a new HPLC method and different mathematical approaches. Acta Pharm 2015; 65:235-52. [PMID: 26431103 DOI: 10.1515/acph-2015-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A new HPLC method was introduced and validated for simultaneous determination of perindopril and indapamide. Validation procedure included specificity, sensitivity, robustness, stability, linearity, precision and accuracy. The method was used for the dissolution test of perindopril and indapamide in three fixed-dose formulations. The dissolution procedure was optimized using different media, different pH of the buffer, surfactants, paddle speed and temperature. Similarity of dissolution profiles was estimated using different model-independent and model-dependent methods and, additionally, by principal component analysis (PCA). Also, some kinetic models were checked for dissolved amounts of drugs as a function of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gumieniczek
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University in Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paulina Mączka
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University in Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Łukasz Komsta
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University in Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Rafał Pietraś
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University in Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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Komsta Ł, Pietraś R, Bartuzi E, Skibiński R, Gumieniczek A. Chemometric comparison of thin-layer chromatography, gradient high-performance liquid chromatography, and computational methods for lipophilicity assessment of model compounds. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2015. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.28.2015.2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kopciał E, Polak B, Pietraś R, Mączka P, Dzido TH. Effect of mobile phase buffer pH on separation selectivity of some isoquinoline alkaloids in reversed-phase systems of Pressuriz. Curr Issues Pharm Med Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.12923/j.2084-980x/26.1/a.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Separation of some isoquinoline alkaloids (narcotine, chelidonine, dihydrocodeine, cinchonine, berberine, cinchonidine, papaverine, apomorphine) has been investigated with pressurized planar electrochromatography (PPEC) and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) in reversed-phase systems. The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and aqueous buffer (disodium phosphate and citric acid). The influence of the mobile phase buffer pH on migration distance (PPEC) and retardation factor (HPTLC) of the solutes has been investigated and compared. The results show different separation selectivity in both PPEC and HPTLC systems especially at pH range of buffer solution of the mobile phase that facilitates ionization of the solutes investigated.
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Pietraś R, Kowalczuk D, Rutkowska E, Komsta Ł, Gumieniczek A. VALIDATED STABILITY-INDICATING HPTLC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF PROPAFENONE HYDROCHLORIDE IN TABLETS AND THE GC-MS IDENTIFICATION OF ITS DEGRADATION PRODUCTS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10739149.2014.906877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Pietraś
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Dorota Kowalczuk
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Ewelina Rutkowska
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Łukasz Komsta
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Anna Gumieniczek
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
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Komsta Ł, Smardz P, Pietraś R, Skibiński R, Gumieniczek A. Influence of the regression technique on the extrapolated retention values of single-point adsorption compounds on silica gel. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2014. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.27.2014.3.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kopciał E, Polak B, Pietraś R, Dzido TH. The effect of mobile phase composition on separation of some Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs of the 2-arylpropanoic acid derivatives in System of Reversed-Phase Pressurized Planar Electrochromatography and High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography. Curr Issues Pharm Med Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.12923/j.2084-980x/25.3/a.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Pietraś R, Staszewska A, Gumieniczek A, Kowalczuk D. Application of sHS/GC-MS method for the identification of paracetamol impurities in the selected pharmaceutical formulations. Curr Issues Pharm Med Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.12923/j.2084-980x/25.3/a.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Komsta Ł, Czarnik-Matusewicz H, Szostak R, Gumieniczek A, Pietraś R, Skibiński R, Inglot T. Chemometric detection of acetaminophen in pharmaceuticals by infrared spectroscopy combined with pattern recognition techniques: comparison of attenuated total reflectance-FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. J AOAC Int 2011; 94:743-749. [PMID: 21797001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents and discusses the building of discriminant models from attenuated total reflectance (ATR)-FTIR and Raman spectra that were constructed to detect the presence of acetaminophen in over-the-counter pharmaceutical formulations. The datasets, containing 11 spectra of pure substances and 21 spectra of various formulations, were processed by partial least squares (PLS) discriminant analysis. The models found in the present study coped greatly with the discrimination, and their quality parameters were acceptable. A root mean square error of cross-validation was in the 0.14-0.35 range, while a root mean square error of prediction was in the 0.20-0.56 range. It was found that standard normal variate preprocessing had a negligible influence on the quality of ATR-FTIR; in the Raman case, it lowered the prediction error by 2. The influence of variable selection with the uninformative variable elimination by PLS method was studied, and no further model improvement was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Komsta
- Medical University of Lublin, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
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Pietraś R, Skibiński R, Komsta Ł, Kowalczuk D, Panecka E. Validated HPTLC Methods for Quantification of Mexiletine Hydrochloride in a Pharmaceutical Formulation. J AOAC Int 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/93.3.820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Two simple, accurate, and precise HPTLC methods have been established for the determination of mexiletine hydrochloride, an antiarrhythmic agent, in Mexicord capsules. Analyses were performed in horizontal chambers on RP C18F254s and normal-phase amino (NH2) HPTLC precoated plates with the mobile phases tetrahydrofurancitrate buffer, pH 4.45 (3 + 7, v/v) and chloroformtetrahydrofuranhexaneethylamine (3 + 2 + 5 + 0.1, v/v/v/v), respectively. The plates were developed for a distance of 40 mm in both cases. Densitometric measurements were achieved in the UV mode at 217 nm based on peak areas with semilinear calibration curves (R2 0.97) in the concentration range 0.58.0 g/spot for the NH2 and C18 HPTLC methods. The elaborated chromatographic methods were validated in accordance with International Conference on Harmonization guidelines in terms of linearity, accuracy (99.64 for NH2 and 99.53 for C18), precision (intraday RSD 1.16 and 2.71, respectively), sensitivity (LOD 0.1 g/spot for both systems), and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Pietraś
- Medical University of Lublin, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland and School of Economics and Law, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagielloska 109A, 25-734, Kielce, Poland
| | - Robert Skibiński
- Medical University of Lublin, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Łukasz Komsta
- Medical University of Lublin, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dorota Kowalczuk
- Medical University of Lublin, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Panecka
- Medical University of Lublin, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland and School of Economics and Law, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagielloska 109A, 25-734, Kielce, Poland
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Pietraś R, Kowalczuk D, Hopkała H. Simultaneous separation of 14 antiarrhythmic drugs and determination of mexiletine and flecainide by capillary zone electrophoresis. J AOAC Int 2007; 90:977-86. [PMID: 17760335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
A method using capillary zone electrophoresis was developed for the simultaneous separation of 14 antiarrhythmic drugs belonging to various classes. The drugs are separated on a fused-silica capillary, 90 cm x 75 microm (72 cm effective length), with phosphate and acetate buffers as background electrolytes and UV detection at 217 nm. The effects of buffer pH, temperature, and applied voltage on the migration of the drugs were studied. The pH was found to be the most significant factor determining effective separation. The antiarrhythmic compounds are completely separated within a relatively short time (< 7 min) by using 70 mM phosphate buffer at pH 7.91, an applied voltage of 28 kV, and a temperature of 32 degrees C. Mexiletine (MEX) and flecainide (FLE) were quantified under conditions of the optimum separation. The calibration graphs were constructed over the concentration range of 4.0-14.0 microg/mL for both drugs with good correlation (r > or = 0.9999). Detection and quantitation limits were found to be 0.5 and 1.5 microg/mL for FLE and 0.7 and 2.1 microg/mL for MEX, respectively. The proposed method was used for the determination of both drugs in their commercial forms with satisfactory precision (relative standard deviations of 0.36-1.21% for FLE and 0.78-1.66% for MEX) and accuracy (relative standard errors of 0.13-1.17% for FLE and 0.35-1.18% for MEX).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Pietraś
- Medical University of Lublin, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, 4 Jaczewskiego Str, 20090 Lublin, Poland.
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Pietraś R, Hopkała H, Kowalczuk D, Małysza A. Normal-phase TLC separation of some antiarrhythmics. Densitometric determination of mexiletine hydrochloride in capsules. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2004. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.17.2004.3.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kowalczuk D, Hopkała H, Pietraś R. Simultaneous densitometric determination of quinapril and hydrochlorothiazide in the combination tablets. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2003. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.16.2003.3.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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