Elder abuse: a conceptual analysis

OBJECTIVE

to analyze the concept of elder abuse and identify its respective antecedents, attributes and consequents.

METHODS

this is a conceptual analysis according to Walker and Avant's proposition. The search for the concept was mediated by an integrative review in the LILACS, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and BDENF databases.

RESULTS

as antecedents, female, family member, low social support and low income or socioeconomic conditions stand out. Attributes were threats and/or intimidation, intentional use of physical force, using resources without authorization, unwanted sexual activity, offering low insufficient amount of nutrients for older adults and not meeting older adults' affective/emotional needs. Consequents were psychological disorders, dependence on aggressors, environment of insecurity and damage/loss of human rights or human dignity.

FINAL CONSIDERATIONS

the phenomenon under discussion is broad and multifaceted, suggesting expansion of studies related to the theme in order to explore it in detail.

The relationship of general, physical, and psychological violence with depressive symptoms and cognition in elders (cross-sectional study)

OBJECTIVES

to analyze the relationship of general, physical, and psychological violence with depressive symptoms and cognition in the elderly.

METHODS

quantitative, cross-sectional study, carried out with 323 elders from the Brazilian northeast. Data collection used a sociodemographic instrument; the Conflict Tactics Scales Form R; the Geriatric Depression Scale; and the Mini-Mental State Examination. The analysis employed descriptive and inferential statistics.

RESULTS

as violence increases, so do the depressive symptoms; the opposite was true when comparing violence with cognitive involvement. There is a correlation between physical and psychological violence and depressive symptoms; more depressive elders are from 1.96 to 3.00 times more likely to be the victims of psychological and physical violence, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

general, physical, and psychological violence is associated with depressive symptoms; those with less cognitive alterations are more vulnerable to abuse. Elders with depressive symptoms are more likely to suffer psychological and physically violence.

Risk of violence and frailty syndrome among older adults treated at a hospital service

OBJECTIVES

to assess the association between risk of violence and frailty syndrome among hospitalized older adults.

METHODS

quantitative, analytical and cross-sectional research, carried out with older adults in two university hospitals. Data collection was performed using the Brazil Old Age Schedule, Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test and Edmonton Frail Scale instruments. It was analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.

RESULTS

risk of violence was higher among women (68.9%), over 70 years old (64.7%), with more than 3 years of study (68.9%), without relationship (67.1%), who do not work (65.1%) and with income above 1 minimum wage (65.2%). There is a significant association between risk of violence and frailty (72.3%; p<0.001) and a positive correlation between the instrument scores (r=0.350; p-value<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

risk of violence was associated with being female and frailty. The study is expected to encourage further discussions related to the theme and nursing practice.

Assessment tools for elder abuse: scoping review

OBJECTIVE

to map assessment tools for elder abuse and determine the psychometric properties of each one.

METHOD

scoping review developed according to recommendations of the JBI Institute Reviewer's Manual in databases and gray literature.

RESULTS

seventeen tools were identified for measuring situations of elder abuse. They were categorized into 1) Tools for assessment of risk for abuse, and 2) Tools for identification of abuse. According to risk for abuse, Vulnerability to Abuse Screening Scale was the most prevalent in the literature, with factorial analysis acceptable through four domains, and good internal reliability (0,74). Therefore, Assessment Tool for Domestic Elder Abuse comprises the assessment of six types of elder abuse; however, the study shows psychometric limitation since the internal structure was not evaluated by validity evidences.

CONCLUSION

seventeen tools to determine the occurrence or risk for elder abuse were identified with different psychometric properties. We recommend the use of more than one of the tools identified for an appropriate measurement of elder abuse situations given the complexity of the phenomenon and the lack of a single instrument that contemplates all its consequences and forms of expression.

Functioning of the citizen’s electronic medical records in the prison system

Abstract This paper aimed to describe the implementation and operation of the e-SUS AB strategy in the Prison Primary Care Teams in Paraíba. A qualitative study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with 21 professionals, doctors, and nurses, from 11 primary care teams in prisons in Paraíba and the health management of the Penitentiary Administration Secretariat. A semi-structured roadmap was adopted for the interviews from the script previously established by the Ministry of Health for the implementation of the e-SUS AB system, which resulted in three thematic categories after being transcribed and analyzed per Bardin’s content analysis proposal: the health information system and the prison setting; management actions for the implementation of the e-SUS AB and; skills and competencies of professionals to use the e-SUS AB system. The e-SUS AB was implemented in the prison system with some obstacles concerning the physical and technological structure of the setting, the insufficient professional training, and the lack of skills with information technologies highlighted by the respondents. People feel the need to implement the citizen’s electronic medical records to ensure continuity of care for people deprived of liberty.

Funcionamento do prontuário eletrônico do cidadão no sistema prisional

Resumo O artigo teve como objetivo descrever a implantação e funcionamento da estratégia e-SUS AB nas Equipes de Atenção Primária Prisional na Paraíba. Foi realizado estudo de abordagem qualitativa, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, com 21 profissionais, médicos e enfermeiros, de 11 equipes de atenção básica prisionais da Paraíba, além da gerência de saúde da Secretaria de Administração Penitenciária. Para as entrevistas, adotou-se um roteiro semiestruturado, elaborado a partir do roteiro previamente estabelecido pelo Ministério da Saúde para implantação do sistema e-SUS AB. Após transcritas e analisadas segundo a proposta de análise de conteúdo de Bardin, resultaram em três categorias temáticas: o sistema de informação em saúde e o cenário prisional; ações da gestão para implantação do e-SUS AB; e habilidades e competências dos profissionais para manuseio do sistema e-SUS AB. O e-SUS AB foi implantando no sistema prisional com alguns entraves relacionados à estrutura física e tecnológica do cenário, à insuficiência de capacitações profissionais, além da falta de habilidade com tecnologias da informação destacadas pelos entrevistados. As pessoas sentem a necessidade de implantação do prontuário eletrônico do cidadão para garantir a continuidade do cuidado às pessoas privadas de liberdade.

Preservation of forensic traces by Nursing in emergency services: a scoping review

OBJECTIVE

to map the scientific production on the preservation of forensic traces by Nursing professionals working in emergency services.

METHOD

a scoping review, with searches for studies carried out in six databases, in the gray literature available in Google Scholar and in the references of the studies selected. For analysis, the data reduction method was adopted.

RESULTS

26 studies were included, organized into five categories: 1) Nursing professionals' knowledge on the preservation of forensic traces; 2) Procedures performed by Nursing to preserve traces in the victim's body; 3) Procedures performed by Nursing to preserve traces in the victim's belongings/objects; 4) Procedures performed by Nursing to document traces; and 5) Actions to maintain the chain of custody performed by Nursing.

CONCLUSION

the studies showed situations in which the emergency nurse may act in the preservation of forensic traces present in the victim's body and in objects, as well as in the registration of traces, verifying the role of Nursing to ensure integrity of the chain of custody, especially in situations of aggression, firearm injury, sexual violence, child abuse and assistance to trauma victims.

ACESSIBILIDADE DA PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA FÍSICA ÀS UNIDADES BÁSICAS DE SAÚDE

Objetivo: avaliar a acessibilidade da Pessoa com Deficiência física à estrutura física das Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Método: pesquisa descritiva, exploratória, com abordagem quantitativa, realizada em 80 unidades básicas de Campina Grande-Paraíba, Brasil, em 2019. Utilizou-se instrumento de coleta adaptado, conforme Norma Técnica Brasileira 9050:2015. Efetuaram-se os testes Qui-quadrado e Fisher para verificar associações. Resultados: verificou-se que condições de via pública (68%), acesso à entrada da unidade (74%) e uso do Símbolo Internacional de Acesso (88%) foram prevalentemente negativas. Foram encontradas associações entre a zona de localização das unidades e as dimensões das mesas (p=0,004), entre o tipo de edifício e acesso à área (p=0,023; 0,015; 0,026), condições de circulação vertical no interior do prédio e uso do símbolo (p=0,012; 0,035; 0,005; 0,005; <0,001) e os mobiliários e instalação sanitária (p=<0,001; 0,001; <0,001; <0,001; 0,002; 0,014; 0,005). Conclusão: as unidades básicas municipais não apresentam acessibilidade para as Pessoas com Deficiência.

Preservación de los rastros forenses que realizan los enfermeros en los servicios de emergencias: revisión de alcance

Resumen Objetivo: mapear la producción científica sobre la preservación de rastros forenses por profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en los servicios de emergencias. Método: revisión de alcance, con búsqueda de los estudios realizados en seis bases de datos, en la literatura gris disponible en Google Scholar y en las referencias de los estudios seleccionados. Para el análisis, se adoptó el método de reducción de datos. Resultados: se incluyeron 26 estudios organizados en cinco categorías: 1) Conocimiento de los profesionales de enfermería sobre la preservación de rastros forenses; 2) Procedimientos que realizan los enfermeros para preservar rastros en el cuerpo de la víctima; 3) Procedimientos que realizan los enfermeros para preservar rastros en las pertenencias/objetos de la víctima; 4) Procedimientos que realiza el personal de enfermería para documentar los rastros; y 5) Acciones que llevan a cabo los enfermeros para mantener la cadena de custodia. Conclusión: los estudios demostraron que hay situaciones en las cuales el enfermero de emergencias puede actuar para preservar los rastros forenses presentes en el cuerpo de la víctima y en los objetos, así como también registrar los rastros, lo que comprueba la actuación del enfermero para garantizar la integridad de la cadena de custodia, particularmente en situaciones de agresión, heridas con arma de fuego, violencia sexual, abuso infantil y asistencia a víctimas de trauma.

Control del sobrepeso y la obesidad en niños y adolescentes por enfermeras: un estudio de métodos mixtos

Resumen Objetivo: analizar el manejo del sobrepeso y la obesidad en niños y adolescentes por las enfermeras de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (ESF). Método: se trata de un estudio de método mixto paralelo convergente, desarrollado en Centros de Salud (UBS) de un municipio del nordeste de Brasil En la etapa cuantitativa, los datos fueron recolectados a partir de un cuestionario aplicado a 98 enfermeras y evaluados mediante estadística descriptiva. Para la etapa cualitativa, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas con siete enfermeras, interpretadas por análisis temático inductivo. Se combinaron los resultados cuantitativos y cualitativos y se mostraron a través de joint display. Resultados: la mayoría de los enfermeros raramente verificaba el perímetro de cintura (77,6%), la dislipidemia (55,7%), la glucemia (42,3%) y tampoco evaluaba la presión arterial (75,3%). En los resultados cualitativos se identificó que hay enfermeras que no clasificaban el índice de masa corporal según sexo y edad. En cuanto a la solicitación de pruebas, las peticiones se trataban principalmente sobre la rutina asociada a la puericultura. Las orientaciones con respecto a la actividad física y nutrición se efectuaban de forma básica o eran asignadas a otros profesionales, y también no se hizo un seguimiento cuando fueron direccionados a otros servicios o profesionales. Conclusión: existen deficiencias en el conocimiento y la práctica de las enfermeras de atención primaria en el control del sobrepeso y la obesidad en niños y adolescentes. Es imperativo capacitar a los enfermeros para el manejo del sobrepeso y la obesidad en la atención primaria de niños y adolescentes, con miras a la calidad de la atención para la prevención de comorbilidades.

Management of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents by nurses: a mixed-method study

Abstract Objective: to analyze the management of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents by nurses of the Family Health Strategy. Method: this is a study of convergent parallel mixed methods, developed in Health Centers of a municipality in northeastern Brazil. In the quantitative stage, data were collected from a questionnaire applied to 98 nurses and analyzed by descriptive statistics. For the qualitative stage, semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven nurses, interpreted by inductive thematic analysis. The quantitative and qualitative results were integrated and presented by a joint display. Results: most nurses rarely checked waist circumference (77.6%), dyslipidemia (55.7%), blood glucose (42.3%), and neither evaluated blood pressure (75.3%). In the qualitative results, we identified that there are nurses who did not classify body mass index according to sex and age. As for medical tests, the requests were mainly related to the routine of childcare. Guidance on physical activity and diet were given in a basic way or attributed to other professionals, and referrals to other services or professionals were not followed up. Conclusion: it is imperative to train nurses for the management of overweight and obesity in primary care for children and adolescents, with a view to quality of care for the prevention of comorbidities.

Violence against children and adolescents: nurse’s actions in primary health care

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the role of nurses in suspected or confirmed cases of violence against children and adolescents in Primary Health Care. Methods: an analytical research, with a qualitative approach. Thirty nurses participated in the study, and data were collected by means of an individual form and a semi-structured interview. The data received lexicographic analysis by the software IRaMuTeQ (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires) organized by Bardin’s content analysis. Results: five categories emerged, in which it was possible to consider that the nurses’ approach in cases of violence was based on the identification of violence through physical examination during nursing consultations, health promotion actions in the school environment, request for support from the multi-professional team, and transfer of responsibilities. Final Considerations: it is inferred that the fragility in the professional training of nurses to address situations of violence against children and adolescents produces deficits in comprehensive care for victims.

Preservation of forensic traces by Nursing in emergency services: a scoping review

Objective:

to map the scientific production on the preservation of forensic traces by Nursing professionals working in emergency services.

Method:

a scoping review, with searches for studies carried out in six databases, in the gray literature available in Google Scholar and in the references of the studies selected. For analysis, the data reduction method was adopted.

Results:

26 studies were included, organized into five categories: 1) Nursing professionals’ knowledge on the preservation of forensic traces; 2) Procedures performed by Nursing to preserve traces in the victim’s body; 3) Procedures performed by Nursing to preserve traces in the victim’s belongings/objects; 4) Procedures performed by Nursing to document traces; and 5) Actions to maintain the chain of custody performed by Nursing.

Conclusion:

the studies showed situations in which the emergency nurse may act in the preservation of forensic traces present in the victim’s body and in objects, as well as in the registration of traces, verifying the role of Nursing to ensure integrity of the chain of custody, especially in situations of aggression, firearm injury, sexual violence, child abuse and assistance to trauma victims.

Manejo do sobrepeso e obesidade em crianças e adolescentes por enfermeiras: estudo de métodos mistos

Resumo Objetivo: analisar o manejo do sobrepeso e da obesidade de crianças e adolescentes por enfermeiras da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Método: estudo de método misto paralelo convergente, desenvolvido em Unidades Básicas de Saúde, de um município do nordeste brasileiro. Na etapa quantitativa, os dados foram coletados a partir de um questionário aplicado a 98 enfermeiras e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Para a etapa qualitativa, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com sete enfermeiras, interpretadas pela análise temática indutiva. Os resultados quantitativos e qualitativos foram integrados e apresentados por meio de joint display. Resultados: a maioria dos enfermeiros raramente verificava a circunferência da cintura (77,6%), dislipidemia (55,7%), glicemia (42,3%) e nenhum avaliava a pressão arterial (75,3%). Nos resultados qualitativos, identificamos que há enfermeiros que não classificavam o índice de massa corporal segundo sexo e idade. Quanto aos exames, as solicitações estavam relacionadas principalmente à rotina de puericultura. As orientações sobre atividade física e alimentação foram dadas de forma básica ou atribuídas a outros profissionais, e os encaminhamentos para outros serviços ou profissionais sem seguimento pelos enfermeiros. Conclusão: é imperioso a capacitação dos enfermeiros para o manejo do sobrepeso e obesidade na atenção primária para crianças e adolescentes com vistas a qualidade do atendimento para a prevenção de comorbidades.

Violence among community elderly and its relationship with the nutritional status and sociodemographic characteristics

OBJECTIVE

To verify the prevalence of violence among elderly community members and its relationship with nutritional status and sociodemographic characteristics.

METHOD

Cross-sectional and analytical study developed with 159 community elderly registered at a Family Health Unit in Recife/Pernambuco between March 2016 and March 2017. The Brazil Old Age Schedule, Conflict Tactics Scales and Mini Nutritional Assessment were used as data collection instruments. Data received descriptive and inferential statistical treatment.

RESULTS

Among the elderly classified as with violence, there was a predominance of psychological violence (64.3%), and the majority were at risk for malnutrition (54.3%). There was an association between 'having a partner' and psychological (48.1%; p=0.02) and physical (48.1%; p=0.03) violence. Logistic regression demonstrated that being in a relationship or being malnourished increases the likelihood of suffering psychological violence (OR=2.63; OR=3.67), just as not being working increases the likelihood of physical violence (OR=5.61).

CONCLUSION

Violence was negatively related to the nutritional status of elderly community members.

Social Representations of nurses on the approach to children and adolescents who are victims of violence

OBJECTIVE

to analyze social representations from the perspective of the structural aspect about the nurses' approach to children and adolescents who are victims of violence, comparing primary, secondary and tertiary health care services.

METHOD

an analytical research study with a qualitative approach under the methodological theoretical framework of the Theory of Social Representations from the Central Core Theory. A total of 76 nurses participated in the study: 30 from primary care, 16 from secondary care and 30 from tertiary care. A semi-structured interview was applied using a pre-defined script and similarity analysis using the Interface of R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires software.

RESULTS

structurally, the maximum tree revealed the central core in the upper right quadrant, the first peripheral zone in the upper left quadrant; the second peripheral zone in the lower left quadrant; and the silent zone in the lower right quadrant. The ten branches of the maximum tree emerged from the following terms: hit, leave, approach (n), receive, approach (v), remember, tell, spend, pass, caution, mom.

CONCLUSION

the social representations on the nurses' approach in primary, secondary and tertiary care health services evidenced common points as for the lack of notification, transfer of responsibilities, weakness in identifying situations of violence and the need for training.

Risk of violence and functional capacity of hospitalized elderly: a cross-sectional study

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the risk of violence associated to functional capacity and sociodemographic characteristics of hospitalized elderly.

METHOD

Quantitative, cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted with elderly receiving care at university hospitals of the municipalities of João Pessoa and Campina Grande, in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. The scales Katz and Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test were applied. The data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics using Chi-squared Pearson test, Spearman correlation test, and multiple logistic regression.

RESULTS

The participating elderly amounted to 323. The risk of violence was predominant among female elders aged 60 to 70 who are unable to read or write, live with someone, perform no labor activity, and whose income is higher than a minimum wage. Elders who were dependent for basic and instrumental activities presented a 2.11 score (Confidence Interval = 1.22-3.64; p = 0.000) and 1.70 (1.01-2.85; p = 0.044) and a higher risk of violence.

CONCLUSION

Elders who depended on other people to perform both complex and basic activities are the most exposed to situations of violence.

COMPARATIVO DE PRÁTICAS EM ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE BRASILEIRAS E CANADENSES: RUMO A UMA ENFERMAGEM GLOBAL

Trata-se de um estudo reflexivo realizado com a análise de documentos brasileiros e canadenses, com o objetivo de refletir sobre os principais pontos de congruência e divergência entre o papel de enfermeiros brasileiros e canadenses nos cuidados primários à saúde. Foram evidenciados os principais pontos de convergência entre as práticas do enfermeiro brasileiro e do canadense: a assistência universal à saúde, a imunização como estratégia de prevenção, o foco da atenção primária na prevenção e na promoção de saúde, e a influência do modelo biomédico arraigado à prática. As divergências identificadas foram: a autonomia do enfermeiro na assistência, a existência de agentes comunitários de saúde, a formação acadêmica da enfermagem e o trabalho em equipe.

Interventions to prevent elder abuse in the community: a mixed-methods systematic review

OBJECTIVE

To identify the interventions proposed in the literature aimed at preventing elder abuse among community-residing elders.

METHOD

This was a mixed-methods systematic review that followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols checklist. The protocol of this systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. We included studies published between January 2004 and December 2019 in the databases: LILACS, IBECS, CUMED, CINAHL, MEDLINE and SciELO. The methodological quality of each study included was performed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.

RESULTS

Seven studies formed the final sample. Two groups emerged after the analyses: the primary level intervention group, which used health education and coexisting elder abuse groups; and the secondary intervention level, focused mostly on the mental health care of victims of elder abuse.

CONCLUSION

There is still a shortage of intervention studies to prevent elder abuse. All the studies selected had a positive outcome, and all interventions can be implemented in nursing care practice.

Influence of burnout syndrome on the quality of life of nursing professionals: quantitative study

OBJECTIVE

To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with the burnout syndrome and quality of life among nursing professionals.

METHODS

Cross-sectional, analytical study, developed with 83 professionals in emergency care units in the city of Campina Grande-PB. A questionnaire was used to characterize the sample, the Maslach Burnout Inventory scale and the SF-36. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

RESULTS

Most professionals showed low professional effectiveness (78.3; n=65), average depersonalization (53.0%; n=44) and average emotional exhaustion (55.4%; n=46). There was a statistical difference between the scores of the syndrome and the pain (p=0.03), vitality (p=0.04) and social aspect (p=0.03); significant correlation between the syndrome and vitality (p<0.001), mental health (p=0.01) and general quality of life (p=0.04).

CONCLUSION

The burnout syndrome has an influence on the outcome of quality of life of nursing professionals, being more prevalent among professionals with older age, high income and among nurses.

Factors associated with the risk of violence against older adult women: a cross-sectional study

Objective:

to identify the factors associated with the risk of violence against older adult women.

Method:

this is a quantitative, analytical, and cross-sectional research conducted with 122 older adult females in the city of Recife, state of Pernambuco, Brazil. Data collection was carried out using validated instruments adapted to Brazil. The analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (absolute and relative frequency) and inferential statistics (Pearson’s chi- square, Spearman’s correlation test, and Multiple Logistic Regression).

Results:

there was prevalence of a risk of abuse against older adult women under 70 years of age, literate, without a stable relationship, living alone, without any work activity, and who had an income higher than the minimum wage. There is a significant association between the risk of violence among older women with a higher number of chronic health conditions (24; 77.4%), and who are less active in advanced activities (42; 70.0%). A reduction in quality of life and satisfaction with life, and the onset of depressive symptoms, increase the risk of violence.

Conclusion:

multimorbidity, low functional capacity, depressive symptoms, low quality of life and low satisfaction with life, a high number of chronic conditions, depressive symptoms, and functional dependence to perform daily activities can be conditioning factors for the emergence of abuse against older adults.

Competências dos médicos no atendimento a idosos em situação de violência: revisão de escopo

Resumo Objetivo descrever, por meio das evidências da literatura, as competências dos médicos de serviços hospitalares diante de situações de violência contra a pessoa idosa (VCPI). Método revisão de escopo com busca em bases de dados/plataformas/buscadores e literatura cinzenta abrangendo Medline; BVS; Embase; CINAHL; Web of Science; BDTD, OpenGrey, OpenThesis, RCAAP, Portal de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES, DART-Europe E-theses Portal e Theses Canada Portal (catálogos Aurora e Voilà). Os descritores e palavras-chave utilizados, combinados com os operadores booleanos OR, AND e NOT, foram: “Physicians”, “Médicos”, “Atitude”, “Attitude”, “Conhecimento”, “Knowledge”, “Behavior”, “Atendimento Médico”, “Cuidados Médicos”, “Medical Care”, “Serviços Hospitalares”, “Hospital Services”, “Hospital”, “Hospitalists”, “Médicos Hospitalares”, “Maus-Tratos ao Idoso”, “Elder Abuse”, “Physical Abuse”, “Elder Neglect”, “Aged Abuse”, “Elder Mistreatment”. Resultados seis trabalhos foram selecionados. Evidenciou-se falta de conhecimento sobre o tema e a abordagem, e de treinamento específico. Quanto às habilidades, os achados que mais levaram os médicos a suspeitarem de abuso foram achados físicos ligados à aparência, higiene e lesões - problemas de comunicação e relacionamento foram pouco apontados. Na atitude houve pesquisa de abusos em apenas 44% das suspeitas e percentuais baixos ou nulos de denúncia de casos. Apenas um estudo explorou a atitude frente às negligências, onde 24,8% relataram aos serviços sociais e 21,3% informaram à polícia. Conclusão a maioria dos casos de VCPI continua não percebida e, consequentemente, não reportada ou manejada. Há múltiplos problemas quanto às competências dos médicos hospitalares ao abordarem tais situações, cenário que expõe a demanda por medidas de sensibilização, capacitação e incentivo ao adequado enfrentamento da VCPI.

O distanciamento social em tempos de Covid-19: uma análise de seus rebatimentos em torno da violência doméstica

O objetivo do presente artigo foi analisar os rebatimentos do distanciamento social em tempos de Covid-19 em torno da violência doméstica. Trata-se de um estudo documental com abordagem qualitativa feito por meio do conteúdo de notícias disponíveis em quatro jornais on-line de circulação nacional. Foram incluídas notícias publicadas entre 20 de março e 25 de abril de 2020 com as temáticas distanciamento social e violência doméstica, analisadas pelo software Interface de R pourles Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (Iramuteq) associado à análise de conteúdo de Bardin. A análise lexicográfica e de conteúdo do corpus textual de 102 notícias produziu quatro categorias temáticas com foco na rede de proteção, ambiente doméstico, elevação dos casos de violência doméstica e contexto de pandemia como potencializador do fenômeno. O distanciamento social decorrente da pandemia de Covid-19 potencializou as situações de violência doméstica, demonstrando necessidade de medidas de intervenção e fortalecimento da rede de proteção.

MIXED METHODS APPRAISAL TOOL: STRENGTHENING THE METHODOLOGICAL RIGOR OF MIXED METHODS RESEARCH STUDIES IN NURSING

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the use of the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool to appraise and to strengthen the methodological rigor of mixed methods studies in nursing. Method: a theoretical essay was used to describe the application of Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool to support the development and assessment of mixed methods research in nursing. Four mixed methods articles in nursing were purposely chosen and evaluated based on the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool criteria. Results: Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool is a tool for evaluating primary mixed methods studies based on five evaluation criteria: 1) justification for adopting mixed methods methodology; 2) integration between the quantitative and qualitative components; 3) interpretation of integrated findings of quantitative and qualitative data; 4) presentation of divergences between quantitative and qualitative results; and 5) compliance with the methodological rigor of each individual approach in mixed methods research. Conclusion: Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool is an instrumental resource that can be used to appraise mixed methods research and strengthen the methodological rigor in planning and conducting future mixed studies in nursing research.

Avaliação da depressão e da qualidade de vida de idosos institucionalizados

Objetivo: avaliar a depressão e a qualidade de vida de idosos moradores de uma instituição de longa permanência. Métodos: estudo transversal de abordagem quantitativa, exploratório e descritivo. Utilizou-se a escala de qualidade de vida e a escala de depressão geriátrica em 19 idosos. Os dados receberam tratamento estatístico descritivo e inferencial (qui-quadrado, exato de fisher para identificar associação e correlação de Spearman). Adotou-se como significante p-valor ≤ 0,05. Resultados: a maioria não apresentou sintomas depressivos (57,9%), porém baixo escore de qualidade de vida (78,9%). Quando cruzado os sintomas depressivos com as facetas de qualidade de vida, a faceta baixo estado geral de saúde apresentou significância estatística (p < 0,05). Quando cruzadas as médias das duas escalas obteve-se correlação negativa (- 0,46; p < 0,05) entre sintomas depressivos e qualidade de vida. Conclusão: quanto maior a qualidade de vida de pessoas idosas institucionalizadas, menor os sintomas depressivos.

Association of the functional capacity and violence in the elderly community

OBJECTIVE

To analyze the relationship between the functional capacity of elderly community members and the sociodemographic and violence characteristics.

METHODS

Cross-sectional, epidemiological, analytical study with 159 elderly people. For data collection, a questionnaire was used for sociodemographic characterization; the Katz, Lawton and Brody scale; a questionnaire adapted from the FIBRA network; and the Conflict Tactics Scales, analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics using Pearson's chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and multiple logistic regression models.

RESULTS

It was observed that the sociodemographic variables influence the prevalence of functional dependence for basic activities of daily living and reduction in advanced activities in elderly people with psychological and physical violence.

CONCLUSION

The dependence of the elderly for basic and intermediate activities is related to characteristics such as advanced age, work exercise and knowing how to read and write. The participants' functional dependence can favor violent outcomes, whether physical or psychological.

Cognition and quality of life relationship among the elderly community: a cross-sectional study

OBJECTIVE

to assess cognitive functions and their association with quality of life among elderly people enrolled in a Family Health Unit (FHU) of Primary Health Care in Recife-PE.

METHODS

a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study in which elderly aged 60 years and over were studied.

RESULTS

76.7% of the elderly were women and the age group was less than or equal to 70 years. 68.6% had cognitive impairment, and in the quality of life assessment it was found that the social participation facet had the highest mean score among the elderly (14.25), while the lowest was observed in the sensory functioning facet (9.10). There was an association between cognitive decline and quality of life.

CONCLUSION

most of the elderly had good quality of life rates, but low cognitive level. Using screening tools allows early detection of health problems, guiding the nursing staff in the construction of preventive measures.

RASTREIO E ENCAMINHAMENTO DE CASOS DE VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER POR ENFERMEIRAS NA ESTRATÉGIA SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA

Objetivo: compreender como se realiza o rastreamento e encaminhamento de casos de violênciacontra a mulher por enfermeiras da Estratégia de Saúde da Família do interior paraibano.Método: estudo transversal, qualitativo, participando sete enfermeiras atuantes na Estratégia deSaúde da Família, vinculadas ao distrito sanitário VI de saúde do município de Campina Grande,Paraíba. A coleta ocorreu em setembro de 2018 e foi realizada análise de conteúdo de Bardin.Resultados: emergiram três categorias: I - Conceitos de violência (29,3%); II - Rastreio de casos deviolência (53,7%); III - Encaminhamento de casos de violência (17,1%). Observou-se as palavras“agressão física”, “delegacia da mulher”, “assistente social”, “psicológico”, “denunciar”, “lembrar”,“sofrer”, “físico”.Conclusão: as enfermeiras compreendem a violência e a consulta ginecológica serve para identificaros casos. A pesquisa esclarece pontos de fragilidade dos serviços de saúde que dificultam ocombate à violência e demonstram a necessidade da quailficação da equipe.

Mental health profile of the elderly community: a cross-sectional study

OBJECTIVE

to describe the mental health profile of the elderly registered in a Family Health Unit in the city of Recife, Pernambuco State.

METHOD

it was a descriptive quantitative study, conducted with 159 elderly through the scales Geriatric Depression, Resilience, Social Support, Life Satisfaction, and Positive and Negative Affects, Mini-Mental State Examination, Stressful Events Inventory and Brazil Old Age Shedule.

RESULTS

females, young and literate elderly predominated. Most were satisfied with life, 52.2% without depressive symptoms, 68.6% without cognitive impairment, 67.9% high resilience and 95.8% high social support, but 62% of elderly with depressive symptoms showed cognitive deficit. Negative correlation was identified between depression and cognitive impairment, resilience, social support and life satisfaction.

CONCLUSION

assessment of these indicators identifies triggers of psychological distress, assisting the nursing staff in the development of preventive and care actions.

Frailty Syndrome: A Risk Factor Associated With Violence in Older Adults

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to analyze the association between frailty syndrome as a risk factor associated with violence in older adults.

METHOD

A cross-sectional study, carried out with older adults, in an emergency care unit of a northeastern Brazilian city was conducted. Three instruments were used: a form for sample characterization (i.e., demographics) and two more scales, namely, the Edmonton Frail Scale and the Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse Screening Test. The results were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, using chi-square or Fisher's exact tests, Spearman's correlation test, and simple logistic regression.

RESULTS

The sample included 146 older adults who were over 70 years old (56.6%), male (56.2%), and at risk of violence (69.86%). Among the categorical variables, there was an association between risk and being of a higher age (80.7%, p < 0.001), unemployed (73.7%, p < 0.05), having more than six children (80.8%, p < 0.05), and frail older adults (88.1%, p < 0.001). There was a correlation (p < 0.05) between the numerical variables of the scales of violence and frailty, with a coefficient of 0.40. The simple logistic regression model showed that frailty syndrome increases the risk of violence among older adults.

CONCLUSIONS

It was concluded that frailty is a factor that increases the occurrence of risk of violence and provides information to guide nursing action in the field of forensic sciences.

Factors associated with depressive symptoms and cognition in elderly victims of violence

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify, among elderly people victims of violence, factors associated with depressive symptoms and cognitive function. Method: This was a cross-sectional study carried out with 56 elderly people classified in situation of violence. To do so it was used the Brazil Old Age Shedule (BOAS), the Conflict Tactics Scales Form R, the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and the Mini-mental State examination (MMSE). Results: Depressive symptoms were more predominant in elderly men, over 70 years old, without partner, illiterate, with no job, receiving up to 1 minimum wage and who lived alone; and the cognitive deficit prevailed in women, over 70 years old, without partner, illiterate, who did not work, receiving up to 1 minimum wage and who lived alone. Conclusion: Among the elderly population victim of violence, lack of a partner and cognitive impairment were associated to depressive symptoms; and finding themselves living alone, with no partner and being illiterate were associated to cognitive deficit.

Intervenções fisioterapêuticas direcionadas à pessoa idosa em situação de violência: uma revisão de escopo

Resumo Objetivo Identificar as intervenções fisioterapêuticas direcionadas à pessoa idosa em situação de violência. Método Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo, em que foram acessadas as seguintes bases de dados/bibliotecas/buscadores e literatura cinzenta: BVS, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, PEDro, BDTD, OpenGrey, OpenThesis, RCAAP, Portal de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES, DART-Europe E-theses Portal e Theses Canada Portal. As buscas utilizaram os descritores e palavras-chave, que foram combinados por meio dos operadores booleanos OR e AND: Fisioterapeutas, Fisioterapia, “Physical Therapists”, Physiotherapy, “Physical Therapy”, “Physical Therapy Specialty”, “Physical Therapy Modalities”, Rehabilitation, Reabilitação, “Elder Abuse”, “Maus-tratos ao Idoso”, “Physical Abuse”, “Elder Neglect”, “Aged Abuse” e “Elder Mistreatment”. Resultados Dos 601 registros encontrados, 46 foram excluídos por serem duplicados, sendo selecionados 555 para leitura dos respectivos títulos e resumos. Foram excluídas 548 publicações por não se adequarem aos critérios de inclusão, sendo pré-selecionados 7 trabalhos. Pela estratégia Snowballing um foi identificado, originando um resultado final de 8 estudos. Conclusão As intervenções fisioterapêuticas direcionadas à pessoa idosa em situação de violência compreendem: educação em saúde, medidas no estresse do cuidador, recursos comunitários, rastreamento/triagem, avaliação, identificação, plano terapêutico/reabilitação e denúncia. Diante dos achados, observa-se que, apesar da lacuna no conhecimento dessa temática, o fisioterapeuta desempenha um papel imprescindível na condução de casos de violência contra a pessoa idosa.

Brasil-Canadá: Lançando Sementes Através De Consulta Comunitária sobre o enfrentamento da violência contra a mulher

RESUMO Objetivos Relatar a primeira experiência da Cátedra de Pesquisa em Saúde Urbana (Universidade Ryerson-Canadá) no Brasil, em colaboração com a Universidade Federal da Paraíba por meio de uma consulta de opinião comunitária sobre as estratégias de enfrentamento da violência contra a mulher, e oferecer subsídios que estimulem uma visão renovada de colaborações e parcerias internacionais entre programas de Enfermagem. Método Abordagem descritiva do tipo relato de experiência de docentes e discentes de Enfermagem brasileiros e canadenses, desde o processo de planejamento até a análise das informações obtidas. Resultados Essa experiência foi fundamental para o estabelecimento de colaborações científicas recentemente implementadas e em planejamento, consolidando o potencial da Enfermagem em participar de acordos científicos e tecnológicos entre Brasil-Canadá. Conclusão e Implicações para a prática Recomendamos que programas de graduação e pós-graduação de Enfermagem no Brasil promovam o intercâmbio de seu corpo social com diversos países, não apenas em projetos de pesquisa, mas também em projetos de desenvolvimento social valorizados igualmente na construção de um corpo de conhecimentos para a Enfermagem global.

The capacity for resilience and social support in the urban elderly

Resilience is the human capacity to adapt to adverse life situations; it can be enhanced by the action of various protective factors and one of the most important of these is social support. The objective of this study was to identify associations between resilience and sociodemographic variables (gender, age, income, marital status, housing arrangements and religion), as well as correlations between resilience and social support in a sample of 86 urban elderly people. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Resilience Scale and the Social Support Scale were used. The mean age was 75.7 years (SD = 5.35), with a predominance of women (72.1%, n = 62). A high level of resilience (M = 134.37, SD = 16.6) and a moderate level of social support (M = 17.36, SD = 2.77) were observed in the elderly people. There was only a significant association between resilience and religion (χ2 = 0.30; p = 0.027). Only a weak and positive correlation was observed between the factor of independence and determination on the Resilience Scale with social support (p = 0.005). Linear regression analysis revealed that social support was not a predictive variable for the capacity of resilience in the researched group. It is necessary to create new research instruments that permit a more precise study of the protective effects of social support regarding the capacity for resilience in the elderly.

Capacidade funcional e fatores associados em idosos residentes em comunidade

Resumo Objetivo Estimar o nível de capacidade funcional, as doenças autorreferidas e fatores associados entre idosos comunitários. Métodos Estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, realizado com 159 idosos. Foram utilizados o questionário Brazil Old Age Schedule (BOAS), a escala de Lawton e Brody, o índice de Katz e um questionário de doença autorreferida. Resultados Na amostra de 159 participantes, 85 idosos tinham entre 60 e 70 anos, eram do sexo feminino, viúvos, divorciados ou nunca casados, sabiam ler e escrever, não trabalhavam e recebiam salário mínimo. Para as atividades básicas da vida diária, ter diabetes foi o fator mais importante, com 7.30 vezes a probabilidade de ser dependente. Para atividades instrumentais e avançadas da vida diária, não ser alfabetizado e sofrer acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), respectivamente, foram os fatores mais importantes. Conclusão A capacidade funcional foi associada à osteoporose e AVC, e teve correlação com doenças autorreferidas.

Intimate Partner Violence Among Older Portuguese Immigrant Women in Canada

One third of the immigrant population around the world is made up of women. Of these women, many belong to the Portuguese community. Immigrants account for more than one in five Canadians. The Portuguese older immigrant women living in Canada are vulnerable to be victims of intimate partner violence (IPV), which is a prevalent and important global health issue that affects differently diverse groups. There are few available researches regarding IPV on this population. The objective of this study is to understand how Portuguese older immigrant women living in Canada experience IPV. This is a qualitative study with a social phenomenological focus. Alfred Schutz's motivation theory was used to analyze the impulses that led older women to face IPV. The data were collected from July to October 2013 in the Greater Toronto Area. Ten women 60 years or older were included in the study. The participants perceived themselves as being victimized by their current or ex partners. They are unhappy and suffer from a variety of health problems, which they related to their experience of IPV. These factors, along with participants' personal beliefs, and their legal situations as immigrants in Canada, made them act, either in a way that would try to maintain their relationships, or tried to escape the violent situation. IPV is a complex phenomenon, with different perceptions surrounding it. The experiences of the older immigrant women showed that ending the marriage is not always a possibility to them because of cultural issues and their immigrant status in Canada. Some women wish help and support to improve their relationships.

Psychometric properties of the complete version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-OLD): reduced response scale

This study sought to compare evidence of the factorial validity of the adapted version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-OLD) scale (three response options) with the original version of the scale. We included two populations of individuals age 60 years or older from northeast Brazil. The majority of participants were women who had an elementary-level education. The first population comprised 335 elderly persons who completed the original version of the scale, and the second was composed by 265 elderly persons who completed the shortened scale. Results indicated better adjusting on the reduced scale and showed items with lower error probability in assessment of elderly persons with lower quality of life.

Intimate partner violence among speaking immigrant adult Portuguese women in Canada

OBJECTIVE

This study was conducted to understand the experiences of intimate partner violence among women from Portuguese-speaking countries living in the Greater Toronto Area.

METHOD

A social phenomenological study was conducted with ten Portuguese-speaking women who had experienced intimate partner violence who were selected by community centre leaders. The interviews were transcribed, translated and analysed by categories.

RESULTS

The consequences of violence included health problems, effects on children, and negative feelings among the victims. Factors preventing the women from leaving abusive partners included religious beliefs, challenging daily jobs, and the need to take care of their husband. Factors that encouraged them to leave included getting support and calling the police. Some women expressed hope for the future either with their husband. Others, desired divorce or revenge. Their plans to rebuild their lives without their husband included being happy, learning English, and being financially stable.

CONCLUSION

Using these findings can implicate in the improvement of care for these women.

Impacto de úlceras venosas na qualidade de vida de indivíduos atendidos na atenção primária

Objetivo: analisar o impacto das úlceras venosas (UV) na qualidade de vida (QV) das pessoas atendidas na atenção primária à saúde. Material e método: pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e transversal, realizada com 101 usuários, atendidos em 42 serviços de saúde de Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados de fevereiro a setembro de 2014, por meio de um questionário sociodemográfico, clínico e de saúde, e do Charing Cross Venous Ulcer Questionnaire. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial para a análise dos dados. Resultados: a QV esteve comprometida, principalmente, no estado emocional e estético, com pior média entre os indivíduos com mais de um ano de lesão. Identificou-se associação estatística significativa entre tempo de UV atual e estado emocional (p=0,008), com maior média (64,2) para aqueles com UV há mais de um ano. Conclusões: as pessoas com UV há mais de ano apresentam maior comprometimento da QV. Necessita-se de intervenções e ações de promoção à saúde dessa população.

Older Brazilian women's experience of psychological domestic violence: a social phenomenological study

Background

Domestic violence is a global public health issue, as it is in Brazil. The psychological violence is one of the most prevalent forms of domestic violence, affecting more women than men. However, many older adults do not consider it as a type of domestic violence. In addiction, psychological violence has received little attention from researchers. So, this study aims to further understand the phenomenon of psychological domestic violence perpetrated by relatives against older adult women (60 years and older).

Methods

A qualitative study was conducted using a social phenomenological approach proposed by Alfred Schütz. In-depth interviews were conducted with 11 older Brazilian women from three different agencies, two in Campina Grande and one in São Bernardo do Campo. Data collection took place between November 2012 and February 2013. We performed data analysis using the key concepts (such as the world of everyday life, natural attitude, intersubjetivity, stock of knowledge, biographical situation, social action, motivation and typification) proposed by Alfred Schutz.

Results

Despite the fact that participants reported being psychologically abused, they also referred to being neglected and financially abused. They revealed being threatened, disrespected, neglected, financially abused, forced to do housework, and humiliated. Older women expressed feelings of sadness, anger, grief, and fear, which had negative effects on their health. Attempts by the participants to change their current situations were unsuccessful and resulted in feelings of helplessness. The abuser’s behaviour will change, and leaving the abusive situation were two possible outcomes pointed for participants.

Conclusions

A support network is crucial to help changing the behaviour of aggressors and/or to help older adult women leave the abusive situation. Further research is needed to understand the risk factors linked to abuse behaviours, to develop educational programs for the abusers, and to design social support for the victims.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12939-015-0173-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Cuidar da mãe idosa no contexto domiciliar: perspectiva de filhas

Estudo qualitativo fundamentado na Fenomenologia Social de Alfred Schütz, com o objetivo de compreender o cuidado à mãe idosa dependente, na perspectiva de filhas. Realizado em 2011, com dez participantes, as quais foram entrevistadas no domicílio de suas mães. As características típicas da ação das filhas cuidadoras constituem-nas como sendo aquelas que estabelecem uma relação de cuidado marcada pela preocupação com a situação de dependência da mãe idosa, o que gera uma inversão de papéis de mãe e filha. Apresentam um desgaste físico, psíquico e emocional decorrente do cuidar cotidiano, necessitando de uma rede de suporte social para auxiliá-las nesse cuidado. Busca preservar a vida de sua mãe e postergar o quanto possível seu término. Este resultado suscita que os profissionais de saúde ao planejarem e realizarem o cuidado domiciliar, pensem em uma articulação efetiva entre as demandas que filhas e mães idosas apresentam.

[Elderly women: revealing their experiences and care needs]

This qualitative study used a social phenomenology approach to elucidate the experiences, care needs and expectations of the elderly women. Nine elderly women were interviewed between February and May 2011 using a semi-structured questionnaire. The elderly women referred to their physical, mental, and social limitations. They valued ​​the preservation of their autonomy in daily activities and in self-care and considered their families to be a fundamental support. They had expectations of remaining healthy, pursuing leisure activities, and having improved access to healthcare information and treatment. The absence of prospects at this stage of life was related to the loss of significant people and the loss of health. The results of this study reveal important aspects of the experiences of elderly women and encourage further research and improvement in teaching, clinical practice and management policies in relation to the needs of these women.

VIOLÊNCIA SEXUAL CONTRA MULHERES PORTADORAS DE NECESSIDADES ESPECIAIS: PERFIL DA VÍTIMA E DO AGRESSOR

Estudo transversal e descritivo caracterizou 19 vítimas de violência sexual portadores de necessidades especiais e agressores entre 396 casos registrados no período de 2004 e 2009 em Campina Grande - Paraíba. Os dados foram coletados por pesquisadores treinados, registrados em instrumento estruturado elaborado para o estudo e testado previamente; organizados e analisados com auxílio do software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 17.0 e estatística descritiva. Verificou-se que 4,8% dos casos registrados envolveram mulheres portadoras de necessidades especiais. As vítimas, na maioria com deficiência intelectual, eram solteiras, com idade entre 12 e 19 anos e baixa escolaridade. O agressor era em sua maioria único e conhecido da vítima; constatou-se o emprego de constrangimento em 21,1% dos casos, sendo a força física e a grave ameaça as mais frequentes. As equipes de saúde podem contribuir para a prevenção e detecção da violência sexual, com atenção a portadores de necessidades especiais.

Avaliação in vitro do potencial erosivo de bebidas isotônicas

Isotônico é uma bebida destinada a reidratar, bem como repor eletrólitos, carboidratos e outros nutrientes. O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar o pH endógeno, a acidez total titulável (ATT) e o teor de sólidos solúveis totais (SST) de nove bebidas isotônicas à temperatura ambiente (±23ºC) e após resfriamento (±9ºC). A avaliação do pH foi feita por potenciometria e a capacidade tampão foi realizada por meio da diluição de cada uma das substâncias. Incrementos de 0,1NKOH foram adicionados até que se atingisse a neutralidade. As leituras dos SST foram feitas por refratometria usando o refratômetro de Abbé. As médias do pH variaram de 2,03 (Gatorade Tangerina®) a 2,93 (Marathon Limão®) e todos as bebidas mostraram pH abaixo do valor crítico de 5,5. As médias da ATT variaram de 0,10 para o Marathon Limão® a 0,32 para o Gatorade Tangerina®. O Gatorade Tangerina® apresentou o menor valor de SST (6,33%) e o Marathon Guaraná e Açaí® mostrou o maior valor de SST (12,50%). Foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre as temperaturas para o pH (G3, G4, G5, G6 e G8), para os SST (G2, G3, G6 e G9) e para a ATT (G2, G3 e G5). Ao se comparar os grupos 1 e 3 (Marathon Guaraná Açaí® x Gatorate Guaraná Açaí®) observou-se diferença estatisticamente significante entre em relação ao pH para a temperatura ambiente, em relação aos SST para as temperaturas ambiente e a ±9ºC e para a ATT na temperatura ambiente. As bebidas analisadas apresentaram baixo pH endógeno, podendo as mesmas serem consideradas potencialmente erosivas aos tecidos dentais se consumidas de modo inadequado e com elevada frequência. Com relação à temperatura, recomenda-se a ingestão dessas bebidas resfriadas.