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Free volume theory explains the unusual behavior of viscosity in a non-confluent tissue during morphogenesis. eLife 2024; 12:RP87966. [PMID: 38241331 PMCID: PMC10945604 DOI: 10.7554/elife.87966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
A recent experiment on zebrafish blastoderm morphogenesis showed that the viscosity (η) of a non-confluent embryonic tissue grows sharply until a critical cell packing fraction (ϕS). The increase in η up to ϕS is similar to the behavior observed in several glass-forming materials, which suggests that the cell dynamics is sluggish or glass-like. Surprisingly, η is a constant above ϕS. To determine the mechanism of this unusual dependence of η on ϕ, we performed extensive simulations using an agent-based model of a dense non-confluent two-dimensional tissue. We show that polydispersity in the cell size, and the propensity of the cells to deform, results in the saturation of the available free area per cell beyond a critical packing fraction. Saturation in the free space not only explains the viscosity plateau above ϕS but also provides a relationship between equilibrium geometrical packing to the dramatic increase in the relaxation dynamics.
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Physician associates in interventional radiology: a new paradigm? Clin Radiol 2024; 79:47-50. [PMID: 37993302 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
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Machine Learning Differentiation of Autism Spectrum Sub-Classifications. J Autism Dev Disord 2023:10.1007/s10803-023-06121-4. [PMID: 37751097 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-06121-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Disorders on the autism spectrum have characteristics that can manifest as difficulties with communication, executive functioning, daily living, and more. These challenges can be mitigated with early identification. However, diagnostic criteria has changed from DSM-IV to DSM-5, which can make diagnosing a disorder on the autism spectrum complex. We evaluated machine learning to classify individuals as having one of three disorders of the autism spectrum under DSM-IV, or as non-spectrum. METHODS We employed machine learning to analyze retrospective data from 38,560 individuals. Inputs encompassed clinical, demographic, and assessment data. RESULTS The algorithm achieved AUROCs ranging from 0.863 to 0.980. The model correctly classified 80.5% individuals; 12.6% of individuals from this dataset were misclassified with another disorder on the autism spectrum. CONCLUSION Machine learning can classify individuals as having a disorder on the autism spectrum or as non-spectrum using minimal data inputs.
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Soft pinning: Experimental validation of static correlations in supercooled molecular glass-forming liquids. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad277. [PMID: 37680690 PMCID: PMC10482383 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Enormous enhancement in the viscosity of a liquid near its glass transition is a hallmark of glass transition. Within a class of theoretical frameworks, it is connected to growing many-body static correlations near the transition, often called "amorphous ordering." At the same time, some theories do not invoke the existence of such a static length scale in the problem. Thus, proving the existence and possible estimation of the static length scales of amorphous order in different glass-forming liquids is very important to validate or falsify the predictions of these theories and unravel the true physics of glass formation. Experiments on molecular glass-forming liquids become pivotal in this scenario as the viscosity grows several folds (∼ 10 14 ), and simulations or colloidal glass experiments fail to access these required long-time scales. Here we design an experiment to extract the static length scales in molecular liquids using dilute amounts of another large molecule as a pinning site. Results from dielectric relaxation experiments on supercooled Glycerol with different pinning concentrations of Sorbitol and Glucose, as well as the simulations on a few model glass-forming liquids with pinning sites, indicate the versatility of the proposed method, opening possible new avenues to study the physics of glass transition in other molecular liquids.
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Technical considerations of endovascular management of true visceral artery aneurysms. CVIR Endovasc 2023; 6:31. [PMID: 37284993 DOI: 10.1186/s42155-023-00368-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND True visceral artery aneurysms are potentially complex to treat but with advances in technology and increasing interventional radiology expertise over the past decade are now increasingly the domain of the interventional radiologist. BODY: The interventional approach is based on localization of the aneurysm and identification of the anatomical determinants to treat these lesions to prevent aneurysm rupture. Several different endovascular techniques are available and should be selected carefully, dependent on the aneurysm morphology. Standard endovascular treatment options include stent-graft placement and trans-arterial embolisation. Different strategies are divided into parent artery preservation and parent artery sacrifice techniques. Endovascular device innovations now include multilayer flow-diverting stents, double-layer micromesh stents, double-lumen balloons and microvascular plugs and are also associated with high rates of technical success. CONCLUSION Complex techniques such as stent-assisted coiling and balloon-remodeling techniques are useful techniques and require advanced embolisation skills and are further described.
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Post-yield softening of bending-dominated metal metamaterials. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad082. [PMID: 37091545 PMCID: PMC10113875 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Post-yield softening (PYS) plays an important role in guiding the design of high-performance energy-absorbing lattice materials. PYS is usually restricted to lattice materials that are stretching-dominated according to the Gibson-Ashby model. Contrary to this long-held assumption, this work shows that PYS can also occur in various bending-dominated Ti-6Al-4 V lattices with increasing relative density. The underlying mechanism for this unusual property is elucidated using the Timoshenko-beam theory. It is attributed to the increase in stretching and shear deformation with increasing relative density, thereby increasing the tendency towards PYS. The finding of this work extends perspectives on PYS for the design of high-performance energy-absorbing lattice materials.
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Post-yield softening of bending-dominated metal metamaterials. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad075. [PMID: 37007715 PMCID: PMC10053022 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Post-yield softening (PYS) plays an important role in guiding the design of high-performance energy-absorbing lattice materials. PYS is usually restricted to lattice materials that are stretching-dominated according to the Gibson-Ashby model. Contrary to this long-held assumption, this work shows that PYS can also occur in various bending-dominated Ti-6Al-4V lattices with increasing relative density. The underlying mechanism for this unusual property is elucidated using the Timoshenko-beam theory. It is attributed to the increase in stretching and shear deformation with increasing relative density, thereby increasing the tendency towards PYS. The finding of this work extends perspectives on PYS for the design of high-performance energy-absorbing lattice materials.
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REGIONAL NERVE BLOCK FOR SUBCLAVIAN ACCESS TAVI. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2022.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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8571 Prevalence of Baseline Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Women Planning to Undergo Hysterectomy for Uterine Fibroids. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2022.09.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Outbreak of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis associated with Aeromonas hydrophila in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus: The role of turmeric oil in enhancing immunity and inducing resistance against co-infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:956478. [PMID: 36119096 PMCID: PMC9478419 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.956478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a ciliated parasite causing ichthyophthiriasis (white spot disease) in freshwater fishes, results in significant economic loss to the aquaculture sector. One of the important predisposing factors for ichthyophthiriasis is low water temperature (i.e., below 20°C), which affects the health and makes freshwater fishes more susceptible to parasitic infections. During ichthyophthiriasis, fishes are stressed and acute immune reactions are compromised, which enables the aquatic bacterial pathogens to simultaneously infect the host and increase the severity of disease. In the present work, we aimed to understand the parasite–bacteria co-infection mechanism in fish. Later, Curcuma longa (turmeric) essential oil was used as a promising management strategy to improve immunity and control co-infections in fish. A natural outbreak of I. multifiliis was reported (validated by 16S rRNA PCR and sequencing method) in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus from a culture facility of ICAR-CIFRI, India. The fish showed clinical signs including hemorrhage, ulcer, discoloration, and redness in the body surface. Further microbiological analysis revealed that Aeromonas hydrophila was associated (validated by 16S rRNA PCR and sequencing method) with the infection and mortality of P. hypophthalmus, confirmed by hemolysin and survival assay. This created a scenario of co-infections, where both infectious agents are active together, causing ichthyophthiriasis and motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS) in P. hypophthalmus. Interestingly, turmeric oil supplementation induced protective immunity in P. hypophthalmus against the co-infection condition. The study showed that P. hypophthalmus fingerlings supplemented with turmeric oil, at an optimum concentration (10 ppm), exhibited significantly increased survival against co-infection. The optimum concentration induced anti-stress and antioxidative response in fingerlings, marked by a significant decrease in cortisol and elevated levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in treated animals as compared with the controls. Furthermore, the study indicated that supplementation of turmeric oil increases both non-specific and specific immune response, and significantly higher values of immune genes (interleukin-1β, transferrin, and C3), HSP70, HSP90, and IgM were observed in P. hypophthalmus treatment groups. Our findings suggest that C. longa (turmeric) oil modulates stress, antioxidant, and immunological responses, probably contributing to enhanced protection in P. hypophthalmus. Hence, the application of turmeric oil treatment in aquaculture might become a management strategy to control co-infections in fishes. However, this hypothesis needs further validation.
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Impact of site of occlusion in proximal splenic artery embolisation for blunt splenic trauma. CVIR Endovasc 2022; 5:43. [PMID: 35986797 PMCID: PMC9391208 DOI: 10.1186/s42155-022-00315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Proximal splenic artery embolisation (PSAE) can be performed in stable patients with Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grade III-V splenic injury. PSAE reduces splenic perfusion but maintains viability of the spleen and pancreas via the collateral circulation. The hypothesized ideal location is between the dorsal pancreatic artery (DPA) and great pancreatic artery (GPA). This study compares the outcomes resulting from PSAE embolisation in different locations along the splenic artery. Materials and methods Retrospective review was performed of PSAE for blunt splenic trauma (2015–2020). Embolisation locations were divided into: Type I, proximal to DPA; Type II, DPA-GPA; Type III, distal to GPA. Fifty-eight patients underwent 59 PSAE: Type I (7); Type II (27); Type III (25). Data was collected on technical and clinical success, post-embolisation pancreatitis and splenic perfusion. Statistical significance was assessed using a chi-squared test. Results Technical success was achieved in 100% of cases. Clinical success was 100% for Type I/II embolisation and 88% for Type III: one patient underwent reintervention and two had splenectomies for ongoing instability. Clinical success was significantly higher in Type II embolisation compared to Type III (p = 0.02). No episodes of pancreatitis occurred post-embolisation. Where post-procedural imaging was obtained, splenic perfusion remained 100% in Type I and II embolisation and 94% in Type III. Splenic perfusion was significantly higher in the theorized ideal Type II group compared to Type I and III combined (p = 0.01). Conclusion The results support the proposed optimal embolisation location as being between the DPA and GPA.
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Mechanical feedback controls the emergence of dynamical memory in growing tissue monolayers. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:245101. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0087815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth of a tissue, which depends on cell–cell interactions and biologically relevant processes such as cell division and apoptosis, is regulated by a mechanical feedback mechanism. We account for these effects in a minimal two-dimensional model in order to investigate the consequences of mechanical feedback, which is controlled by a critical pressure, p c. A cell can only grow and divide if its pressure, due to interaction with its neighbors, is less than p c. Because temperature is not a relevant variable, the cell dynamics is driven by self-generated active forces (SGAFs) that arise due to cell division. We show that even in the absence of intercellular interactions, cells undergo diffusive behavior. The SGAF-driven diffusion is indistinguishable from the well-known dynamics of a free Brownian particle at a fixed finite temperature. When intercellular interactions are taken into account, we find persistent temporal correlations in the force–force autocorrelation function (FAF) that extends over a timescale of several cell division times. The time-dependence of the FAF reveals memory effects, which increases as p c increases. The observed non-Markovian effects emerge due to the interplay of cell division and mechanical feedback and are inherently a non-equilibrium phenomenon.
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iPSC: 2D CELL CULTURE OPTIMIZATION FOR LARGE-SCALE PRODUCTION OF INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS. Cytotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465-3249(22)00392-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Acne, folliculitis and post-operative infection rates of penile prosthetic implants. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Knowledge, Attitude and Level of Involvement of Married Males in Family Planning. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2022; 20:128-135. [PMID: 37017154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Background There is an age-old notion that family planning is women's responsibility disregarding the fact that men have equal responsibility in fertility regulation. Although male involvement is getting more recognition, studies on men's role in family planning are very few in the number in this part of the world. Objective To assess the knowledge, attitude and level of male involvement in family planning and to find out the factors associated with male involvement by contraceptive usage. Method A community based cross-sectional study was done from May to July 2021 among 165 currently married male, who had at least one child, living in Singur district of West Bengal. Cluster sampling method was done to select study participants and data were collected by pre-designed pretested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, multivariable logistic regression was applied and data were analysed applying SPSS software. Result Only 36.4% participants were directly involved in family planning either by using condom or by withdrawal method but 65.5% participants were indirectly involved in family planning through spousal communication either by approving contraceptive use to their spouse or by decision making regarding family planning. Moreover, barrier of contraceptives usage were side effect (27%) and fear of impotence (25.5%). Male involvement was significantly associated with participant's education [AOR (95% CI= 3.63 (1.45-9.05)], caste [AOR (95% CI= 7.06 (2.55-19.51)], number of living children [AOR (95%CI= 5.01(1.95-12.87)], desire for more child [AOR (95% CI=0.34 (.13-.87)] and attitude on family planning [AOR (95% CI= 3.55 (1.41-8.94)]. Conclusion This study identified the prevailing gender norms in rural areas. Advocacy for male involvement in family planning by health personnel during counselling of eligible couples should help in increasing contraceptive coverage in the long run.
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Acne, Folliculitis and Post-Operative Infection Rates of Penile Prosthetic Implants. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.01.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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POS-363 TREATMENT WITH RECOMBINANT MUTATED HUMAN ANGIOPOIETIN-LIKE 4 AMELIORATES RELAPSE OF PRIMARY GLOMERULAR DISEASES INDUCED BY A COMMON COLD. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Study of Λ n FSI with Λ quasi-free productions on the 3H( e, e′K+) X reaction at JLab. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202227102006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. An nnΛ is a neutral baryon system with no charge. The study of the pure Λ-neutron system such as nnΛ gives us information on the Λn interaction. The nnΛ search experiment (E12-17-003) was performed at JLab Hall A in 2018. In this article, the Λn FSI was investigated by a shape analysis of the 3H(e, e′K+)X missing mass spectrum, and a preliminary result for the Λn FSI study is given.
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Cross-section measurement of virtual photoproduction of iso-triplet three-body hypernucleus, Λ nn. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202227102002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Missing-mass spectroscopy with the 3H(e, e′K+) reaction was carried out at Jefferson Lab’s (JLab) Hall A in Oct–Nov, 2018. The differential cross section for the 3H(γ∗, K+)Λnn was deduced at ω = Ee − Ee′ = 2.102 GeV and at the forward K+-scattering angle (0° ≤ θγ∗K ≤ 5°) in the laboratory frame. Given typical predicted energies and decay widths, which are (BΛ, Γ) = (−0.25, 0.8) and (−0.55, 4.7) MeV, the cross sections were found to be 11.2 ± 4.8(stat.)+4.1−2.1(sys.) and 18.1 ± 6.8(stat.)+4.2−2.9(sys.) nb/sr, respectively. The obtained result would impose a constraint for interaction models particularly between Λ and neutron by comparing to theoretical calculations.
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Study of the Λ/Σ 0 electroproduction in the low- Q2 region at JLab. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202227102003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed an experiment using tritium and hydrogen cryogenic gas targets at Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) in 2018 (E12-17-003)[1, 2]. In this article, we discuss the Λ/Σ0 hyperon electroproduction from hydrogen target. Elementary Λ/Σ0 hyperon production processes are important not only for an absolute mass scale calibration in our experiment, but also for the study of the electroproduction mechanisms themselves. In this article, we reported the results of the differential cross section for the p(e, e’K+)Λ/Σ0 reaction at Q2 ∼ 0.5 (GeV/c)2.
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Development of a Muga Disease Early Warning System – A Mobile-Based Service for Seri Farmers. CURR SCI INDIA 2021. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v121/i10/1328-1334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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P107 FOOD ALLERGY AND INFORMATICS: USING NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING TO IDENTIFY CLINICAL PREDICTORS IN PROGRESS NOTES. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2021.08.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Understanding and preventing Cu–Sn micro joint defects through design and process control. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-021-01630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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How particle-particle and liquid-particle interactions govern the fate of evaporating liquid marbles. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:7628-7644. [PMID: 34318861 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00750e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Liquid marbles refer to droplets that are covered with a layer of non-wetting particles. They are observed in nature and have practical significance. These squishy objects bounce, coalesce, break, inflate, and deflate while the liquid does not touch the substrate underneath. Despite the considerable cross-disciplinary interest and value of the research on liquid marbles, a unified framework for describing the mechanics of deflating liquid marbles-as the liquid evaporates-is unavailable. For instance, analytical approaches for modeling the evaporation of liquid marbles exploit empirical parameters that are not based on liquid-particle and particle-particle interactions. Here, we have combined complementary experiments and theory to fill this gap. To unentangle the contributions of particle size, roughness, friction, and chemical make-up, we investigated the evaporation of liquid marbles formed with particles of sizes varying over 7 nm-300 μm and chemical compositions ranging from hydrophilic to superhydrophobic. We demonstrate that the potential final states of evaporating liquid marbles are characterized by one of the following: (I) constant surface area, (II) particle ejection, or (III) multilayering. Based on these insights, we developed an evaporation model for liquid marbles that takes into account their time-dependent shape evolution. The model fits are in excellent agreement with our experimental results. Furthermore, this model and the general framework can provide mechanistic insights into extant literature on the evaporation of liquid marbles. Altogether, these findings advance our fundamental understanding of liquid marbles and should contribute to the rational development of technologies.
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NOVEL NEUROPILIN 2-TARGETING BIOLOGIC FOR THE TREATMENT OF ORAL SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2021.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Pancreatic stellate cells maintain endocrine islet viability and function in vitro in a laminin-dependent mechanism. Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465324921002942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Investigation of groundwater and soil quality near to a municipal waste disposal site in Silchar, Assam, India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY AND WATER RESOURCES 2021. [PMCID: PMC7930903 DOI: 10.1007/s42108-021-00117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Unscientific management of municipal solid waste is one of the direct sources of contamination in developing countries, such as India. The present investigation carried out during Oct–Dec 2019 attempts to assess the parameters, such as quality of groundwater and soil along three depths (0–5, 5–15 and 15–30 cm), in proximity to a dumping site in Silchar, a rapidly evolving city of North-East India. Standard protocols of soil and water quality assessments were carried out. The pH values of the surface soils were found to be slightly acidic. Decrease in acidity with increasing depth was observed in the study site. The relative abundance of the analyzed elements at all soil depths was Zn > Fe > Ni > Cu > Cr. Weak correlation between the concentration of Cu, Fe and Zn, and the bulk density of the soil highlighted the micronutrient status of the soil. The impact of the nearby dumpsite on trace element contamination is indicated by the ‘extremely contaminated’ status of the soils with respect to geo-accumulation index. Majority of the groundwater samples exhibited pH levels below the desired limits, making it unfit for consumption by local communities. While Fe, Cu and Ni levels in groundwater samples exceeded the guideline values, Cr and Zn concentrations were found to be within limits except one sample. Principal Component Analysis of the observed data was carried out to ascertain the predominant sources of contamination. The observations indicate the negative impacts of nearby dumpsite on environmental parameters, such as groundwater and soil quality, as highlighted in this research.
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Severe epidermolysis bullosa/Kindler syndrome-like phenotype of an autoinflammatory syndrome in a child. Clin Exp Dermatol 2021; 46:795-799. [PMID: 33625737 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A 5-year-old boy presented with generalized cutaneous erosions, severe scarring, depigmentation and contractures affecting major joints. The lesions had initially affected his ears, nose, feet, and the genital and ocular mucosa, leading to significant depigmentation, scarring, contractures and mutilation. The whole of the trunk and limbs were involved at the time of presentation, with the exception of some islands of spared skin on the proximal thighs, legs, nipples and external genitalia. Electron microscopy revealed a split in the sublamina densa with the absence of anchoring fibrils, suggestive of dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (EB). Immunofluorescence antigen mapping demonstrated a broad reticulate pattern of staining with collagen IV, VII, and laminin 332 in the floor of the blister, suggestive of Kindler syndrome. Next-generation sequencing revealed a de novo heterozygous missense mutation (a variant of unknown significance) in exon 22 of the phospholipase-C gamma 2 gene (PLCG2), which resulted in a substitution of serine by asparagine at codon 798 (p.Asp798Ser), a result that was validated using Sanger sequencing. The child was diagnosed with PLCG2-associated antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation (PLAID)/autoinflammation and PLCG2-associated antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation (APLAID) syndrome. The cutaneous and corneal erosions, inflammation and scarring of this magnitude, and the eventual result of death have not been described previously for the PLAID/APLAID spectrum previously. In conclusion, this was an unusual acquired autoinflammatory severe EB-like disease that may be associated with de novo PLCG2 mutation.
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Next-day discharge after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.2605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is being used increasingly in patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. Few studies focused on hospital length of stay (LOS) and feasibility of next-day discharge.
Purpose
This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and factors associated with next-day discharge post TAVI, which can be used to help selecting suitable patients for a “fast-track” TAVI admission.
Methods
Data from all TAVI procedures conducted at our centre from January 2014 to March 2019 were collected in our local TAVI registry, and analysed retrospectively. Patients discharged within 1 day of TAVI (early discharge group) were compared with consecutive patients discharged after 24 h (late discharge group). Degree of frailty was assessed by the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA) frailty scale, and baseline functional status was assessed by Katz index of independence in activities of daily living.
Results
Of 502 patients, 274 (54.6%) were male, mean age 83.2±7.3 years, and 87 (17.7%) patients were considered frail by CSHA frailty scale. Median Katz index was 6 (i.e. functionally independent, interquartile range [IQR] 1), and mean logistic Euroscore 17.4±10.7. Percutaneous transfemoral access was performed in 468 (95.5%), and general anaesthesia was used in 64 (14.4%) patients. Early complications before discharge were comparable to national standards: death in 11 (2.3%), myocardial infarction (MI) in 1 (0.2%), permanent pacemaker (PPM) in 20 (4.3%), gastrointestinal bleed in 3 (0.6%), and tamponade in 5 (1.1%) patients. Median LOS post procedure was 2 (IQR 3), median length of total hospital stay was 3 (IQR 5). Early discharge was achieved in 213 (44.7%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male gender (odds ratio [OR]: 2.81, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.68 to 4.7; p<0.001), baseline New York Heart Association (NYHA) class below III (OR: 2.04, 95% CI 1.19 to 3.51; p=0.01) were associated with early discharge after TAVI. Furthermore, advancing age (OR: 0.96, 95% CI 0.93–0.99; p=0.02), and presence of extensive ascending aorta calcification (OR: 0.38, 95% CI 0.16–0.88; p=0.025) were associated with less probability of early discharge (i.e. presence of these features were associated with delayed discharge).
Conclusions
Next-day discharge after TAVI can be achieved in nearly half of all patients. Male younger patients with minimal symptoms at baseline (NYHA < III), without feature of extensive ascending aorta calcification (porcelain aorta) are a potential suitable group to be considered for a “fast-track” next-day TAVI discharge.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Coronavirus disease 2019: scientific overview of the global pandemic. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 38:100800. [PMID: 33133611 PMCID: PMC7591944 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the disease caused by the novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Genome sequencing of the virus revealed that it is a new zoonotic virus that might have evolved by jumping from bats to humans with one or more intermediate hosts. The immediate availability of the sequence information in the public domain has accelerated the development of quantitative RT-PCR-based diagnostics. Numerous clinical trials have been prioritized globally for testing new vaccines and treatments against this disease. This review provides a broad insight into different aspects of COVID-19, an introduction to SARS-CoV-2 mitigation strategies and the present status of diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Allyl piperidine-1-carbodiothioate and benzyl 1H-imidazole 1 carbodithioate: two potential agents to combat against mycobacteria. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:786-796. [PMID: 32615006 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The emergence of multidrug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has made tuberculosis more difficult to manage clinically. With the aim of obtaining new and effective anti-mycobacterial agent(s), this study investigated the anti-mycobacterial activity of several imidazole and piperidine derivatives. METHODS AND RESULTS Towards obtaining new anti-mycobacterial agents, Mycobacterium smegmatis cells were treated with different compounds for their growth inhibitory activity. Among these, benzyl 1H-imidazole-1-carbodithioate and allyl piperidine-1-carbodiothioate exhibited better inhibition than the others. Thereafter, anti-biofilm property of these two was examined by treating M. smegmatis with these agents before and after the formation of biofilm. The result showed that both the compounds at their sublethal dose inhibited the formation of biofilm as well as dispersed preformed biofilm. Consistently, they augmented the activity of isoniazid or rifampicin against biofilm-encapsulated cells. MTT assay was performed to examine the toxic effects of this combinatorial therapy on different cell lines. Results exhibited a low cytotoxicity for this combinatorial treatment. The activity of these two was also verified against dormant mycobacterial cells and was found to be effective. CONCLUSION The present study identified two compounds that exhibited anti-mycobacterial activities against both planktonic and dormant cells. These two also exhibited anti-biofilm activity at their sublethal dose and augmented the activity of isoniazid and rifampicin against biofilm encapsulated cells. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The current study provides two new agents that have the potential to be used in anti-mycobacterial therapy and may help in public health management.
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Liquid Chromatographic Method for Determining Capsaicinoids in Capsicums and Their Extractives: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/79.3.738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Sixteen laboratories participated in an AOAC–American Spice Trade Association (ASTA) collaborative study of a liquid chromatographic (LC) method for determining capsaicinoids in capsicums and their extractives. Capsicums are extracted with ethanol by refluxing and then filtered. Capsaicinoids in the filtrate are separated by re- versed-phase LC and detected spectrophotometri� cally with external standard quantitation. Participants analyzed 6 ground capsicum and 3 oleoresin products as 12 samples from a mixed scheme of blind duplicates and Youden matched pairs. Average repeatability and reproducibility standard deviations (sr and sR, respectively) and average relative standard deviations (RSDr and RSDR, respectively) for ground red pepper were as follows: sr, 610 Scoville heat units (SHU); sR, 1730 SHU; RSDr, 1.7%; RSDR, 4.9%. For ground chili peppers, the values were sr, 60 SHU; sR, 160 SHU; RSDr, 4.0%; RSDR, 10.6%. For oleoresin red pepper, the averages were sr, 46820 SHU; sR, 54990 SHU; RSDr, 8.5%; RSDR, 11.2%. The LC method has been adopted first action by AOAC INTERNATIONAL.
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Surface Activities of a Lipid Analogue Room-Temperature Ionic Liquid and Its Effects on Phospholipid Membrane. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:328-339. [PMID: 31826620 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
There are great efforts of synthesizing imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) for developing new antibiotics as these molecules have shown strong antibacterial activities. Compared to a single-hydrocarbon-chained IL, the lipid analogues (LAs) with two chains are more effective. In the present study, the LA molecule MeIm(COOH)Me(Oleylamine)Iodide has been synthesized and its surface activities along with the effectiveness in restructuring of a model cellular membrane have been quantified. The molecule is found to be highly surface active as estimated from the area-pressure isotherm of a monolayer of the molecules formed at the air-water interface. The X-ray reflectivity (XRR) studies of a monolayer dip-coated on a hydrophilic substrate have shown the structural properties of the layer which resembles to those of unsaturated phospholipids. The LA molecules are observed to fluidize a phospholipid bilayer formed by the saturated lipid 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC). At a lower surface pressure, the lipid monolayer of DPPC has exhibited a thickening effect at a low concentration of added LA and a thinning effect at higher concentration. However, at a high surface pressure of the monolayer, the thickness is found to decrease monotonically. The in-plane pressure-dependent interaction of LA molecules with model cellular membrane and the corresponding perturbation in the structure and physical properties of the membrane may be linked to the strong lysing effect of these types of molecules.
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Isolation and Molecular Identification of Microsporidian Pathogen Causing Nosemosis in Muga Silkworm, Antheraea assamensis Helfer (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). Indian J Microbiol 2019; 59:525-529. [PMID: 31762517 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-019-00822-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microsporidia are intracellular fungal parasites and they are the most common pathogens for sericulture. Microsporidian sp. can cause pebrine, a dreadful disease and lead to destructive disorder in Muga silkworm, Antheraea assamensis Helfer by vertical and horizontal transmission. This disease is the key factor obstructing the developmental progress of Muga culture in India. Nevertheless, molecular identification and characterization of pathogen associated with pebrine disease in A. assamensis is not yet established. Insect bioassay studies revealed that microsporidian infection in Muga silkworm, A. assamensis Helfer significantly reduced (P < 0.005) cocoon weight, pupal weight, shell weight and silk ratios. A new set of PCR primers suitable for amplification of small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU-rRNA) of microsporidia infecting A. assamensis have been designed. The amplicon was cloned, sequenced and analysed. Microsporidia pathogen of wild silk moth A. assamensis has been identified at genus level as Nosema sp. AA1. Phylogeny of Nosema sp. AA1 was constructed on the basis of SSU-rRNA sequence and it has a close evolutionary relationship with microsporidian pathogens of other wild silkmoths. The arrangement and organization of the rRNA genes inferred that Nosema sp. AA1 belongs to true Nosema group and not to members of the Nosema/Vairimorpha group.
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Determination of Campesterol, Stigmasterol, and Beta-Sitosterol in Saw Palmetto Raw Materials and Dietary Supplements by Gas Chromatography: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/90.3.670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An interlaboratory study was conducted to evaluate a method for the determination of campesterol, stigmasterol, and beta-sitosterol in saw palmetto raw materials and dietary supplements at levels >1.00 mg/100 g based on a 23 g sample. Test samples were saponified at high temperature with ethanolic KOH solution. The unsaponifiable fraction containing phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol, and beta-sitosterol) was extracted with toluene. Phytosterols were derivatized to trimethylsilyl ethers and then quantified by gas chromatography with hydrogen flame ionization detection. Twelve blind duplicates, one of which was fortified, were successfully analyzed by 10 collaborators. Recoveries were obtained for the sample that was fortified. The results were 99.8, 111, and 111% for campesterol, stigmasterol, and beta-sitosterol, respectively. For repeatability, the relative standard deviation (RSDr) ranged from 3.93 to 17.3% for campesterol, 3.56 to 22.7% for stigmasterol, and 3.70 to 43.9% for beta-sitosterol. For reproducibility, the RSDR ranged from 7.97 to 22.6%, 0 to 26.7%, and 5.27 to 43.9% for campesterol, stigmasterol, and beta-sitosterol, respectively. Overall, the Study Director approved 5 materials with acceptable HorRat values for campesterol, stigmasterol, and beta-sitosterol ranging from 1.02 to 2.16.
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Determination of Glucosamine in Raw Materials and Dietary Supplements Containing Glucosamine Sulfate and/or Glucosamine Hydrochloride by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with FMOC-Su Derivatization: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/88.4.1048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A collaborative study was conducted for determination of glucosamine in raw materials and dietary supplements containing glucosamine sulfate and/or glucosamine hydrochloride by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with N-(9-fluorenyl-methoxycarbonyloxy) succinimide (FMOC-Su) derivatization. Thirteen blind materials, one pair of which were duplicates, were tested by 12 collaborating laboratories. The test samples consisted of various commercial products, including tablets, capsules, drink mix, and liquids as well as raw materials, blanks, and those for spike recovery analyses. The tests with blank products and products spiked with glucosamine showed good specificity of the method. The average recoveries at spike levels of 100 and 150% of the declared amount were 99.0% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.1%, and 101% with an RSD of 2.3%, respectively. The test results between laboratories on each commercial product were reproducible with RSD values of no more than 4.0%, and the results were repeatable in the same laboratory with an average RSD of 0.7%. HorRat values ranged from 0.5 to 1.7 on both tests of spike recovery and reproducibility between laboratories on commercial products. The average determination coefficient of the calibration curves from the laboratories was 0.9995 with an RSD of 0.03%. All of the 12 collaborating laboratories succeeded in the study and none of their reported test results were outliers, partly indicating the robustness of the method. It is recommended that the method be accepted by AOAC INTERNATIONAL as Official First Action.
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Prospective Evaluation Fiducial Migration after Placement for Liver SBRT and Influence on Treatment Delivery. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.1976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Culturable endophytic bacteria of Camellia species endowed with plant growth promoting characteristics. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:825-844. [PMID: 31216598 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) is an economically important caffeine-containing beverage crop with massive plantation in the Northeast corner of the agroclimatic belt of India. The main aim of the work was to isolate, identify and characterize the native plant growth promoting endophytes associated with tea for future microbe based bioformulation. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 129 endophytic bacteria were isolated and characterized for plant growth promoting traits such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), phosphate solubilization, ammonia production, biocontrol traits like siderophore and extracellular enzyme production. BOX-PCR fingerprinting was used to differentiate the various bacterial isolates obtained from six different tea species. 16S rRNA sequencing and blast analysis showed that these isolates belonged to different genera, that is, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Paenibacillus and Lysinibacillus. Lysinibacillus sp. S24 showed the highest phosphate solubilization and IAA acid production efficiency of 268·4 ± 14·3 and 13·5 ± 0·5 µg ml-1 , respectively. Brevibacterium sp. S91 showed the highest ammonia production of 6·2 ± 0·5 µmol ml-1 . Chitinase, cellulase, protease and pectinase activities were shown by 4·6, 34·1, 27·13 and 13·14% of the total isolates, respectively. Similarly, 41% of the total isolates were positive for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activity. Further, the potent PGP isolates, S24 and S91 were able to enhance the vegetative parameters such as dry/fresh weight of root and shoot of tea plants in nursery conditions. CONCLUSION Our findings corroborate that tea endophytic bacteria possess the potential to demonstrate multiple PGP traits both, in vivo and in vitro and have the potential for further large-scale trials. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The exploration of tea endophytic bacterial community is suitable for the development of bioformulations for an integrated nutrient management and thus sustainable crop production and decreasing the hazardous effects of chemical fertilizers on the environment and human health.
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Bayesian machine learning on CALGB/SWOG 80405 (Alliance) and PEAK data identify a heterogeneous landscape of clinical predictors of overall survival (OS) in different populations of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz156.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Structural characterization and photoluminescence properties of zinc oxide nano particles synthesized by chemical route method. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Cost and cost-effectiveness of health behavior change interventions implemented with self-help groups in Bihar, India. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213723. [PMID: 30921334 PMCID: PMC6438566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Health interventions implemented with self-help groups (SHGs) enhance the relevance and acceptability of the health services. The Parivartan program was implemented in eight districts of Bihar with women’s self-help groups to increase adoption of maternal and newborn health behaviors through layering health behavior change communication. This study estimates the cost and cost-effectiveness of a health behavior change program with SHGs in Bihar. Methods Cost analysis was conducted from a provider’s perspective. All costs have been presented in US dollars for the purpose of international comparisons and converted to constant values. The effectiveness estimate was based on the reported changes in select newborn care practices. A decision model approach was used to estimate the potential number of neonatal deaths averted based on adoption of key newborn care practices. Using India’s life expectancy of 65 years, cost per life year saved was calculated. A one-way sensitivity analysis was conducted using the upper and lower estimates for various variables in the model, and functionality of SHGs. Results The cost of forming an SHG group was US$254 and that of reaching a woman within the group was US$19. The unit cost for delivering health interventions through the Parivartan program was US$148 per group and US$11 per woman reached. During an 18 months period, Parivartan program reached around 17,120 SHGs and an estimated 20,544 pregnant women resulting in an estimated prevention of 23 neonatal deaths at a cost of US$3,825 per life year saved. Conclusion SHGs can be an effective platform to increase uptake of women’s health interventions and follow-up care, and also to broaden their utility beyond microfinance, particularly when they operate at a larger scale.
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Abstract P4-07-11: Investigating the activity of ESR1 allosteric compounds in ER+ breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-07-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Approximately 80% of breast cancer is estrogen receptor positive (ER+) with 74% demonstrating high expression of estrogen receptor alpha (). Thus, current endocrine therapies such as selective estrogen receptor degraders (i.e.- Fulvestrant) or selective estrogen receptor modulators (i.e-Tamoxifen) are involved modulation of ER signaling. However, most patients develop resistance to these drugs, and disease progression is common resulting in metastatic disease. Therefore, targeting alternative sites on the surface of has been proposed as an effective therapy to directly block its activity. In the present study, we investigated putative AF2 compounds that can bind to AF2 allosteric sites and inhibit complex formation and transcription of targetgenes. In the present study, we characterized a series of allosteric compounds using breast cancer cellular assays. MCF7 parental cells were treated with a series of putative allosteric compounds in a seven day CTG cell proliferation assay, and the compound ERX-11 was found to exhibit anti-proliferative activity. Genomic RNA was isolated after overnight treatment with ERX-11 to investigate compounds treatment on the expression of key ER pathway transcription factors via real time PCR. The degradation effect on nuclear ER and cytoplasmic ER after treatment with ERX-11 were assessed via western blots. We successfully characterized a series of putative allosteric compounds with ERX-11 being the only compound that exhibited anti-proliferative activity in both MCF7 parental and LSZ resistant cells. ERX-11 inhibited the activation of ER transcription gene and degradation of nuclear ER. These findings show promising effects of ERX-11 to block the AF2 sites on the binding domain of ERα with potential therapeutics for ER+ breast cancer.
Citation Format: Uwimana A, Tiong Yip CL, Das R, Cheng Q, Meredith E, Gaither AL. Investigating the activity of ESR1 allosteric compounds in ER+ breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-11.
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EGG ALLERGY IN US CHILDREN. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.09.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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P4636Coronary artery lesion phenotype in frail older patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome undergoing invasive care - ICON1 invasive study. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p4636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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P3670Effect of cyclosporine on lymphocyte kinetics and left ventricular remodelling in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Possible universal relation between short timeβ-relaxation and long timeα-relaxation in glass-forming liquids. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:024501. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5033555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Single-step expansion of adipose-derived stem cells with platelet lysate in Scinus bioreactor. Cytotherapy 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.02.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Microcarrier culture of muscle precursor cells for clinical application. Cytotherapy 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.02.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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