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Lashkari P, Divigalpitiya R, Hrymak AN. Thermoset/Graphene Polymer Composites ‐ A Review of Processing and Properties. CAN J CHEM ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Lashkari
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering The University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada
| | | | - Andrew N. Hrymak
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering The University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada
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2
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Zubiarrain-Laserna A, Angizi S, Akbar MA, Divigalpitiya R, Selvaganapathy PR, Kruse P. Detection of free chlorine in water using graphene-like carbon based chemiresistive sensors. RSC Adv 2022; 12:2485-2496. [PMID: 35425275 PMCID: PMC8979178 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08264g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Free chlorine is the most commonly used water disinfectant. Measuring its concentration during and after water treatment is crucial to ensure its effectiveness. However, many of the existing methods do not allow for continuous on-line monitoring. Here we demonstrate a solid state chemiresistive sensor using graphene-like carbon (GLC) that overcomes that issue. GLC films that were either bare or non-covalently functionalized with the redox-active phenyl-capped aniline tetramer (PCAT) were successfully employed to quantify aqueous free chlorine, although functionalized devices showed better performance. The response of the sensors to increasing concentrations of free chlorine followed a Langmuir adsorption isotherm in the two tested ranges: 0.01–0.2 ppm and 0.2–1.4 ppm. The limit of detection was estimated to be 1 ppb, permitting the detection of breaches in chlorine filters. The devices respond to decreasing levels of free chlorine without the need for a reset, allowing for the continuous monitoring of fluctuations in the concentration. The maximum sensor response and saturation concentration were found to depend on the thickness of the GLC film. Hence, the sensitivity and dynamic range of the sensors can be tailored to different applications by adjusting the thickness of the films. Tap water samples from a residential area were tested using these sensors, which showed good agreement with standard colorimetric measurement methods. The devices did not suffer from interferences in the presence of ions commonly found in drinking water. Overall, these sensors are a cost-effective option for the continuous automated monitoring of free chlorine in drinking water. Chemiresistive sensors based on graphene-like carbon films are very stable and sensitive. They can be used for continuous online monitoring of free chlorine.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Zubiarrain-Laserna
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University 1280 Main Street West Hamilton Ontario L8S 4M1 Canada
| | - Shayan Angizi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University 1280 Main Street West Hamilton Ontario L8S 4M1 Canada
| | - Md Ali Akbar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University 1280 Main Street West Hamilton Ontario L8S 4M1 Canada
| | | | | | - Peter Kruse
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University 1280 Main Street West Hamilton Ontario L8S 4M1 Canada
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Wright JP, Sigdel S, Corkill S, Covarrubias J, LeBan L, Nepal A, Li J, Divigalpitiya R, Bossmann SH, Sorensen CM. Synthesis of turbostratic nanoscale graphene via chamber detonation of oxygen/acetylene mixtures. Nano Select 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Justin P. Wright
- Department of Physics Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
| | - Shusil Sigdel
- Department of Physics Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
| | - Stephen Corkill
- Department of Physics Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
| | - Jose Covarrubias
- Department of Chemistry Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
| | - Levon LeBan
- Department of Chemistry Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
| | - Arjun Nepal
- Department of Physics Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry Kansas State University Manhattan Kansas USA
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Li M, Li W, Hu Y, Yakovenko AA, Ren Y, Luo J, Holden WM, Shakouri M, Xiao Q, Gao X, Zhao F, Liang J, Feng R, Li R, Seidler GT, Brandys F, Divigalpitiya R, Sham TK, Sun X. New Insights into the High-Performance Black Phosphorus Anode for Lithium-Ion Batteries. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2101259. [PMID: 34292627 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202101259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Black phosphorus (BP) is a promising anode material in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its high electrical conductivity and capacity. However, the huge volume change of BP during cycling induces rapid capacity fading. In addition, the unclear electrochemical mechanism of BP hinders the development of rational designs and preparation of high-performance BP-based anodes. Here, a high-performance nanostructured BP-graphite-carbon nanotubes composite (BP/G/CNTs) synthesized using ball-milling method is reported. The BP/G/CNTs anode delivers a high initial capacity of 1375 mA h g-1 at 0.15 A g-1 and maintains 1031.7 mA h g-1 after 450 cycles. Excellent high-rate performance is demonstrated with a capacity of 508.1 mA h g-1 after 3000 cycles at 2 A g-1 . Moreover, for the first time, direct evidence is provided experimentally to present the electrochemical mechanism of BP anodes with three-step lithiation and delithiation using ex situ X-ray diffraction (XRD), ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), ex situ X-ray emission spectroscopy, operando XRD, and operando XAS, which reveal the formation of Li3 P7 , LiP, and Li3 P. Furthermore, the study indicates an open-circuit relaxation effect of the electrode with ex situ and operando XAS analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsi Li
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow-Western Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Weihan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow-Western Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Yongfeng Hu
- Canadian Light Source, 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Andrey A Yakovenko
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Yang Ren
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | | | - Mohsen Shakouri
- Canadian Light Source, 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Qunfeng Xiao
- Canadian Light Source, 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Xuejie Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow-Western Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Feipeng Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Jianwen Liang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Renfei Feng
- Canadian Light Source, 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Ruying Li
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada
| | - Gerald T Seidler
- Physics Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-1560, USA
| | - Frank Brandys
- 3M Canada Company, 1840 Oxford Street East, London, Ontario, N5V 3R6, Canada
| | | | - Tsun-Kong Sham
- Department of Chemistry and Soochow-Western Centre for Synchrotron Radiation Research, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Xueliang Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada
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Bazylewski P, Van Middelkoop S, Divigalpitiya R, Fanchini G. Solid-State Chemiresistors from Two-Dimensional MoS 2 Nanosheets Functionalized with l-Cysteine for In-Line Sensing of Part-Per-Billion Cd 2+ Ions in Drinking Water. ACS Omega 2020; 5:643-649. [PMID: 31956813 PMCID: PMC6964307 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Sensing of metal contaminants at ultralow concentrations in aqueous environments is vital in today's overpopulated world, with an extremely stringent limit (<5 ppb) for Cd2+ ions in drinking water. Here, we utilize sonochemically exfoliated molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets functionalized with l-cysteine (Cys) as highly sensitive and selective two-dimensional (2D) materials for solid-state chemiresistors. We specifically targeted Cd2+ ions due to their high toxicity at low concentrations. MoS2-Cys nanosheets are fabricated using an ad hoc, low-complexity, one-pot synthesis method. Porous MoS2-Cys thin films with a high surface area are assembled from these nanosheets. Two-terminal chemiresistors incorporating MoS2-Cys films are demonstrated to be preferentially sensitive to Cd2+ ions at neutral pH, irrespective of other metal ions present in water flowing through the device. A 5 ppb concentration of the Cd2+ ions in the water stream increases the device resistivity by 20 times. Our devices operate at broad (1-500 ppb) range and fast (∼1 s) response times. Cd2+ is selectively detected because of preferential, size-driven adsorption at the interstitials between l-cysteine functional groups, combined with pH-controlled charge transfer that removes electronic gap states from MoS2. MoS2-Cys-based chemiresistors can be deployed in-line to detect metal ions without any need for additional offline measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bazylewski
- Department of Physics
& Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
- 3M Canada Company, 1840 Oxford St., London, Ontario N5V 3R6, Canada
| | - Sheldon Van Middelkoop
- Department of Physics
& Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | | | - Giovanni Fanchini
- Department of Physics
& Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond St., London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street., London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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Li X, Deng S, Banis MN, Doyle-Davis K, Zhang D, Zhang T, Yang J, Divigalpitiya R, Brandys F, Li R, Sun X. Suppressing Corrosion of Aluminum Foils via Highly Conductive Graphene-like Carbon Coating in High-Performance Lithium-Based Batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:32826-32832. [PMID: 31414592 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum foil is the predominant cathodic current collector in lithium-based batteries due to the high electronic conductivity, stable chemical/electrochemical properties, low density, and low cost. However, with the development of next-generation lithium batteries, Al current collectors face new challenges, such as the requirement of increased chemical stability at high voltage, long-cycle-life batteries with different electrolyte systems, as well as improved electronic conductivity and adhesion for new electrode materials. In this study, we demonstrate a novel graphene-like carbon (GLC) coating on the Al foil in lithium-based batteries. Various physical and electrochemical characterizations are conducted to reveal the electronic conductivity and electrochemical stability of the GLC-Al foil in both carbonate- and ether-based electrolytes. Full-cell tests, including Li-S batteries and high-voltage Li-ion batteries, are performed to demonstrate the significantly improved cycling and rate performance of batteries with the use of the GLC-Al foil as current collectors. The cell using the GLC-Al foil can greatly reduce the potential polarization in Li-S batteries and can obtain a reversible capacity of 750 mAh g-1 over 100 cycles at 0.5C. Even with high-sulfur-loading cathodes, the Li-S battery at 1C still maintains over 500 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles. In high-voltage Li-ion batteries, the GLC-Al foil significantly improves the high-rate performance, showing an increased retained capacity by over 100 mAh g-1 after 450 cycles at 1C compared to the bare foil. It is believed that the developed GLC-Al foil brings new opportunities to enhance the battery life of lithium-based batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Li
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , ON N6A 5B9 , Canada
| | - Sixu Deng
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , ON N6A 5B9 , Canada
| | - Mohammad Norouzi Banis
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , ON N6A 5B9 , Canada
| | - Kieran Doyle-Davis
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , ON N6A 5B9 , Canada
| | - Dongxing Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , ON N6A 5B9 , Canada
| | - Tengyuan Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , ON N6A 5B9 , Canada
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , ON N6A 5B9 , Canada
| | | | - Frank Brandys
- 3M Canada Company , 1840 Oxford Street East , London , ON N5V 3R6 , Canada
| | - Ruying Li
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , ON N6A 5B9 , Canada
| | - Xueliang Sun
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering , University of Western Ontario , London , ON N6A 5B9 , Canada
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Aryasomayajula A, Wojnas C, Divigalpitiya R, Selvaganapathy PR, Kruse P. Retraction of "Robust Chemiresistive Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Free Chlorine using Graphene-Like Carbon". ACS Sens 2018; 3:1217. [PMID: 29772898 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Aryasomayajula A, Wojnas C, Divigalpitiya R, Selvaganapathy PR, Kruse P. Robust Chemiresistive Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Free Chlorine Using Graphene-like Carbon. ACS Sens 2018; 3:451-457. [PMID: 29369621 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Free chlorine is widely used in industry as a bleaching and oxidizing agent. Its concentration is tightly monitored to avoid environmental contamination and deleterious human health effects. Here, we demonstrate a solid state chemiresistive sensor using graphene like carbon (GLC) to detect free chlorine in water. A 15-20 nm thick GLC layer on a PET substrate was modified with a redox-active aniline oligomer (phenyl-capped aniline tetramer, PCAT) to increase sensitivity, improve selectivity, and impart fouling resistance. Both the bare GLC sensor and the PCAT-modified GLC sensor can detect free chlorine continuously and, unlike previous chemiresistive sensors, do not require a reset. The PCAT-modified sensor showed a linear response with a slope of 13.89 (mg/L)-1 to free chlorine concentrations between 0.2 and 0.8 mg/L which is relevant for free chlorine monitoring for drinking water and wastewater applications. The PCAT-modified GLC sensors were found to be selective and showed less than 0.5% change in current in response to species such as nitrates, phosphates and sulfates in water. They also were resistant to fouling from organic material and showed only a 2% loss in signal. Tap water samples from residential area were tested using this sensor which showed good agreement with standard colorimetric measurement methods. The GLC and PCAT-GLC sensors show high sensitivity and excellent selectivity to free chlorine and can be used for continuous automated monitoring of free chlorine.
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Abstract
This article reports the comparison of different chemical methods to produce graphite-based particles with varying degrees of oxidation, as well as graphene oxide (GO) and pristine graphite (PG). Detailed physicochemical characterization of the resulting materials was carried out, highlighting structural differences and variable oxygen content. The particles were then used to produce supported membranes that were tested for the rejection of three different organic dyes (Rhodamine B, Methyl Blue, and Congo Red), and their performance was rationalized in terms of a combination of properties of the membranes and dyes. In particular, membranes produced using edge-oxidized graphite (EOG) showed comparable performance with those derived from GO in the removal of Congo Red, providing a promising alternative to the aforementioned membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Colomba
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Mark C. Biesinger
- Surface Science Western, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | | | - Frank A. Brandys
- 3M Canada Company, 1840 Oxford Street East, London, ON N5V 3R6, Canada
| | - Joe B. Gilroy
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research (CAMBR), The University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
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Bazylewski P, Divigalpitiya R, Fanchini G. In situ Raman spectroscopy distinguishes between reversible and irreversible thiol modifications in l-cysteine. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25879d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversibility of disulphide formation and breakage on l-cysteine examined through vibrational modes using in situ Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bazylewski
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | | | - Giovanni Fanchini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- Department of Chemistry
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