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Xiong CZ, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Li RW, Sun Y, Liu YH. [Ferroptosis is involved in testicular injury induced by TDCIPP in adolescent male mice]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2023; 41:562-568. [PMID: 37667150 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20220512-00258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the role of ferroptosis in testicular injury in adolescent male mice induced by TDCIPP. Methods: In December 2021, 30 healthy 3-week-old male C57BL/6 mice, with a body weight of (13±2) g, were selected and fed adaptive for one week. They were divided into control group, low-dose group, medium-dose group, high-dose group and iron death inhibitor group according to a random number table, with 6 mice in each group. Mice in low, medium and high dose groups were treated with 5, 25 and 125 mg/ (kg·d) TDCIPP for 28 days, respectively, while the control group was treated with the same amount of corn oil for 28 days. The iron death inhibitor group was given 125 mg/ (kg·d) TDCIPP intragastric administration for 28 days, and 30 mg/kg DFO saline solution was intraperitoneally injected three times a week. After the treatment, the mice were killed, the epididymis was separated, and sperm count was performed. HE staining was used to observe the morphological changes of mouse testis, and iron content in testis was detected by tissue iron detection kit. The level of reactive cxygen species, MDA content, and the mitochondrial membrane potential level of mice were detected. Western blot analysis of testicular glutathione peroxidase (GPX4) and internal cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) protein expression. Results: Compared with the control group, the spermatogenic cells in the testes of mice treated with medium-and high-dose of TDCIPP were disorderly arranged, showing a vacuolar structure. the number of sperm in the epididymis was significantly reduced (P=0.009, 0.004), while the sperm deformity rate was significantly increased (P=0.010, 0.000). Moreover, the content of ROS, iron ion and MDA in the testes increased significantly (P<0.05), and the mitochondrial membrane potential of mouse testicular cells decreased significantly (P<0.05). The expression of GPX4 proteins decreased (P<0.05). while the expression of COX2 increased significantly (P<0.01). Compared with high-dose group group, spermatogenic cells in ferroptosis inhibitor group were closely arranged and normal, and ROS and Fe contents in testicular tissue were significantly decreased (P<0.01) ; GPX4 protein expression was significantly increased while COX2 protein expression was significantly decreased (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Ferroptosis is involved in TDCIPP-induced testicular damage in male pubertal mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Z Xiong
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identifiction and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technolgy, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - L Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identifiction and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technolgy, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Y Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identifiction and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technolgy, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - R W Li
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identifiction and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technolgy, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Y Sun
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identifiction and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technolgy, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Y H Liu
- School of Public Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identifiction and Control, Medical College, Wuhan University of Science and Technolgy, Wuhan 430065, China
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Liu YJ, Wang HJ, Xue ZW, Cheang LH, Tam MS, Li RW, Li JR, Hou HG, Zheng XF. Long noncoding RNA H19 accelerates tenogenic differentiation by modulating miR-140-5p/VEGFA signaling. Eur J Histochem 2021; 65:3297. [PMID: 34494412 PMCID: PMC8447539 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2021.3297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rotator cuff tear (RCT) is a common tendon injury, but the mechanisms of tendon healing remain incompletely understood. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of tenogenic differentiation is essential to develop novel therapeutic strategies in clinical treatment of RCT. The long noncoding RNA H19 plays a regulatory role in tenogenic differentiation and tendon healing, but its detailed mechanism of action remains unknown. To elucidate the role of H19 in tenogenic differentiation and tendon healing, tendon-derived stem cells were harvested from the Achilles tendons of Sprague Dawley rats and a rat model of cuff tear was established for the exploration of the function of H19 in promoting tenogenic differentiation. The results showed that H19 overexpression promoted, while H19 silencing suppressed, tenogenic differentiation of tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs). Furthermore, bioinformatic analyses and a luciferase reporter gene assay showed that H19 directly targeted and inhibited miR-140-5p to promote tenogenic differentiation. Further, inhibiting miR-140-5p directly increased VEGFA expression, revealing a novel regulatory axis between H19, miR-140-5p, and VEGFA in modulating tenogenic differentiation. In rats with RTC, implantation of H19-overexpressing TDSCs at the lesion promoted tendon healing and functional recovery. In general, the data suggest that H19 promotes tenogenic differentiation and tendon-bone healing by targeting miR-140-5p and increasing VEGFA levels. Modulation of the H19/miR-140-5p/VEGFA axis in TDSCs is a new potential strategy for clinical treatment of tendon injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- You-Jie Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and The First Clinical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou.
| | - Hua-Jun Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and The First Clinical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou.
| | - Zhao-Wen Xue
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and The First Clinical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou.
| | - Lek-Hang Cheang
- IAN WO Medical Center, Macau Special Administrative Region, Macau.
| | - Man-Seng Tam
- Macau Medical Science and Technology Research Association, Macau.
| | - Ri-Wang Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and The First Clinical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou.
| | - Jie-Ruo Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and The First Clinical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou.
| | - Hui-Ge Hou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and The First Clinical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou.
| | - Xiao-Fei Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital and The First Clinical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou.
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Li CZ, Zhang P, Li RW, Wu CT, Zhang XP, Zhu HC. Axillary lymph node dissection versus sentinel lymph node biopsy alone for early breast cancer with sentinel node metastasis: A meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol 2015; 41:958-66. [PMID: 26054706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In early breast cancer patients with sentinel node metastasis, the effect of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is controversial. The purpose of this study is to compare the safety and efficacy of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) alone versus ALND in patients with early breast cancer and sentinel node metastasis. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from 1965 to February 2014. All data were analyzed using Review Manager Software 5.2. RESULTS 12 studies, which included 130,575 patients from five randomized controlled trials and seven observational studies, met our inclusion criteria. 26,870 early breast cancer patients underwent SLNB alone and 103,705 underwent ALND. Patients underwent ALND had more paresthesia (risk ratio [RR] 0.26, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.20-0.33; p < 0.01) and lymphedema (RR 0.28, 95% CI 0.20-0.41; p < 0.01) than those had SLNB alone. There were no significant differences in overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] 0.95, 95% CI 0.85-1.06; p = 0.35), disease-free survival (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.98-1.02, p = 0.96), and locoregional recurrence (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.59-1.44; p = 0.73). CONCLUSION Current evidence indicates that axillary dissection may be omitted in early breast cancer patients with sentinel lymph metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Z Li
- Oncological Surgery, Affiliate Hospital of Hebei United University, Tangshan 063000, Hebei, China
| | - P Zhang
- Nursing and Rehabilitation College, Hebei United University, Tangshan 063000, Hebei, China
| | - R W Li
- Oncological Surgery, Affiliate Hospital of Hebei United University, Tangshan 063000, Hebei, China
| | - C T Wu
- Oncological Surgery, Affiliate Hospital of Hebei United University, Tangshan 063000, Hebei, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Oncological Surgery, Affiliate Hospital of Hebei United University, Tangshan 063000, Hebei, China
| | - H C Zhu
- Oncological Surgery, Affiliate Hospital of Hebei United University, Tangshan 063000, Hebei, China.
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Van Meulder F, Ratman D, Van Coppernolle S, Borloo J, Li RW, Chiers K, Van den Broeck W, De Bosscher K, Claerebout E, Geldhof P. Analysis of the protective immune response following intramuscular vaccination of calves against the intestinal parasite Cooperia oncophora. Int J Parasitol 2015; 45:637-46. [PMID: 25937360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently we reported the successful vaccination of calves against Cooperia oncophora with a double domain activation-associated secreted protein, purified from the excretory-secretory material of adult stage parasites. In an attempt to elucidate the immune mechanisms involved in protection, the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses following vaccination and infection were compared with non-vaccinated control animals. Antigen-specific IgG1, IgG2 and IgA levels were significantly increased in sera of vaccinated animals post vaccination, whereas no effect was observed for IgM. Antigen-specific intestinal IgG1 levels were significantly increased in the vaccinated animals, whereas no differences were observed for antigen-specific IgA, IgM and IgG2 levels. Upon re-stimulation in vitro with the vaccine antigen, a significant proliferation of both αβ- and γδ-T cells, and B cells, collected from mesenteric lymph nodes, was only observed in vaccinated animals. RNA-seq analysis of intestinal tissue yielded a list of 67 genes that were differentially expressed in vaccinated animals following challenge infection, amongst which were several cell adhesion molecules, lectins and glycosyl transferases. A correlation analysis between all immunological and parasitological parameters indicated that intestinal anti-double domain activation-associated secreted protein IgG1 levels correlated negatively with cumulative faecal egg counts and positively with the proportion of L4s and L5s. The proportion of immature stages was also positively correlated with the proliferation of αβ T cells. Worm length was negatively correlated with the transcript levels of several lectins and cell adhesion molecules. Overall, the results indicate that intramuscular administration of the vaccine resulted in an immune memory response particularly characterised by increased antigen-specific IgG1 levels in the intestinal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Van Meulder
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - D Ratman
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, VIB-Department of Medical Protein Research, VIB, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - S Van Coppernolle
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - J Borloo
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - R W Li
- Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, USA
| | - K Chiers
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - W Van den Broeck
- Department of Morphology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - K De Bosscher
- Receptor Research Laboratories, Nuclear Receptor Lab, VIB-Department of Medical Protein Research, VIB, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - E Claerebout
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - P Geldhof
- Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
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Shin JH, Xu L, Li RW, Gao Y, Bickhart D, Liu GE, Baldwin R, Li CJ. A high-resolution whole-genome map of the distinctive epigenomic landscape induced by butyrate in bovine cells. Anim Genet 2014; 45 Suppl 1:40-50. [PMID: 24990294 DOI: 10.1111/age.12147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This report presents a study utilizing next-generation sequencing technology, combined with chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP-seq) technology to analyze histone modification induced by butyrate and to construct a high-definition map of the epigenomic landscape with normal histone H3 and H4 and their variants in bovine cells at the whole-genome scale. A total of 10 variants of histone H3 and H4 modifications were mapped at the whole-genome scale (acetyl-H3K18-ChIP-seq, trimethy-H3K9, histone H4 ChIP-seq, acetyl-H4K5 ChIP-seq, acetyl-H4K12 ChIP-seq, acetyl-H4K16 ChIP-seq, histone H3 ChIP-seq, acetyl H3H9 ChIP-seq, acetyl H3K27 ChIP-seq and tetra-acetyl H4 ChIP-seq). Integrated experiential data and an analysis of histone and histone modification at a single base resolution across the entire genome are presented. We analyzed the enriched binding regions in the proximal promoter (within 5 kb upstream or at the 5'-untranslated region from the transcriptional start site (TSS)), and the exon, intron and intergenic regions (defined by regions 25 kb upstream and 10 kb downstream from the TSS). A de novo search for the binding motif of the 10 ChIP-seq datasets discovered numerous motifs from each of the ChIP-seq datasets. These consensus sequences indicated that histone modification at different locations changes the histone H3 and H4 binding preferences. Nevertheless, a high degree of conservation in histone binding also was presented in these motifs. This first extensive epigenomic landscape mapping in bovine cells offers a new framework and a great resource for testing the role of epigenomes in cell function and transcriptomic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Shin
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins University, 855 North Wolfe Street, Suite 102, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
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Connor EE, Baldwin RL, Walker MP, Ellis SE, Li C, Kahl S, Chung H, Li RW. Transcriptional regulators transforming growth factor-β1 and estrogen-related receptor-α identified as putative mediators of calf rumen epithelial tissue development and function during weaning. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:4193-207. [PMID: 24767884 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Molecular mechanisms regulating rumen epithelial development remain largely unknown. To identify gene networks and regulatory factors controlling rumen development, Holstein bull calves (n=18) were fed milk replacer only (MRO) until 42 d of age. Three calves each were euthanized at 14 and 42 d of age for tissue collection to represent preweaning, and the remaining calves were provided diets of either milk replacer + orchard grass hay (MH; n=6) to initiate weaning without development of rumen papillae, or milk replacer + calf starter (MG; n=6) to initiate weaning and development of rumen papillae. At 56 and 70 d of age, 3 calves from the MH and MG groups were euthanized for collection of rumen epithelium. Total RNA and protein were extracted for microarray analysis and to validate detected changes in selected protein expression, respectively. As expected, calves fed MRO had no rumen papillae and development of papillae was greater in MG versus MH calves. Differentially expressed genes between the MRO diet at d 42 (preweaning) versus the MG or MH diets at d 56 (during weaning) were identified using permutation analysis of differential expression. Expression of 345 and 519 transcripts was uniquely responsive to MG and MH feeding, respectively. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (Qiagen, Redwood City, CA) indicated that the top-ranked biological function affected by the MG diet was the cell cycle, and TFGB1, FBOX01, and PPARA were identified as key transcriptional regulators of genes responsive to the MG diet and associated with development of rumen papillae. Increased expressions of TGFB1 mRNA and protein in response to the MG diet were confirmed by subsequent analyses. The top-ranking biological function affected by the MH diet was energy production. Receptors for IGF-1 and insulin, ESRRA, and PPARD were identified by ingenuity pathway analysis as transcriptional regulators of genes responsive to the MH diet. Further analysis of TGFB1 and ESRRA mRNA expression in rumen epithelium obtained from a separate ontogenic study of Holstein calves (n=26) euthanized every 7d from birth to 42 d of age showed increases in transcript expression with advancing age, supporting their roles in mediating rumen epithelial development and function during weaning. Additional evaluation of gene expression in the rumen epithelium of adult cows ruminally infused with butyrate also suggested that observed changes in ESRRA mRNA expression in developing calf rumen may be mediated by increased butyrate concentration. Our results identify TGFB1 and ESRRA as likely transcriptional regulators of rumen epithelial development and energy metabolism, respectively, and provide targets for modulation of rumen development and function in the growing calf.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Connor
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705.
| | - R L Baldwin
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705
| | - M P Walker
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705
| | - S E Ellis
- Animal and Veterinary Science Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
| | - C Li
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705
| | - S Kahl
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705
| | - H Chung
- Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics Division, National Livestock Institute, Suwon 441-701, Korea
| | - R W Li
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705
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Liu GE, Van Tassell CP, Sonstegard TS, Li RW, Alexander LJ, Keele JW, Matukumalli LK, Smith TP, Gasbarre LC. Detection of germline and somatic copy number variations in cattle. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 132:231-237. [PMID: 18817307 DOI: 10.1159/000317165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
As a complement to the Bovine HapMap Consortium project, we initiated a systematic study of the copy numbervariation (CNV) within the same cattle population using array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH). Oligonucleotide CGH arrays were designed and fabricated to cover all chromosomes with an average interval of 6 kb using the latest bovine genome assembly. In the initial screening, three Holstein bulls were selected to represent major paternal lineages of the Holstein breed with some maternal linkages between these lines. Dual-label hybridizations were performed using either Hereford L1 Dominette 01449 or L1 Domino 99375 as reference. The CNVs were represented by gains and losses of normalized fluorescence intensities relative to the reference. The data presented here, for the first time, demonstrated that significant amounts of germline and fewer somatic CNVs exist in cattle, that many CNVs are common both across diverse cattle breeds and among individuals within a breed, and that array CGH is an effective tool to systematically detect bovine CNV. Selected CNVs have been confirmed by independent methods using real-time (RT) PCR. The strategy used in this study, based on genome higher-orderarchitecture variation, is a powerful approach to generating resources for the identification of novel genomic variation and candidate genes for economically important traits.
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Abstract
We present a detailed breakpoint mapping and population frequency analysis of a 214-kb microdeletion that removes multiple olfactory receptor genes. Using progressive rounds of PCR assays, we mapped the upstream and downstream breakpoints of this microdeletion event to approximately 1 and 12 kb genomic regions, respectively. We developed PCR-based genotyping assays, characterized a dairy cattle panel of 96 samples and found that the frequency of the deletion allele was over 51%. Our results indicated that this microdeletion is an ancient event occurring in one of the earlier founders, and that it has been stably inherited across generations in the North American dairy cattle population.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Liu
- Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, USDA-ARS, ANRI, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
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Connor EE, Meyer MJ, Li RW, Van Amburgh ME, Boisclair YR, Capuco AV. Regulation of gene expression in the bovine mammary gland by ovarian steroids. J Dairy Sci 2007; 90 Suppl 1:E55-65. [PMID: 17517752 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2006-466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that estrogen is required for mammary epithelial cell proliferation and ductal development in the growing animal, and that lobuloalveolar development during gestation is dependent on progesterone. The effects of these steroid hormones on gene expression in the mammary gland are mediated primarily by their respective nuclear hormone receptors, which function as hormone-bound transcription factors. To gain insight into how estrogen and progesterone regulate mammary gland growth and function in cattle, we and others have characterized the expression patterns of their cognate nuclear hormone receptors in the bovine mammary gland throughout development, pregnancy, and lactation. This work has identified a lack of expression of estrogen receptor beta and a greater abundance of progesterone receptor during lactation in the bovine mammary gland, compared with the rodent gland. We speculate that interactions among the estrogen receptor isoforms that regulate progesterone receptor expression may contribute to these species differences. Further, demonstrated expression of substantial quantities of estrogen receptor within the prepubertal bovine mammary fat pad, along with coordinated insulin-like growth factor-I expression, suggests that this tissue may stimulate parenchymal growth via an estrogen-responsive paracrine mechanism. In addition, the recent availability of bovine genomic sequence information and microarray technologies has permitted the study of global gene expression in the mammary gland in response to the steroid environment. We have identified more than 100 estrogen-responsive genes, of which the majority are novel estrogen gene targets. Estrogen-induced changes in gene expression were consistent with increased mammary epithelial cell proliferation, increased extracellular matrix turnover in parenchyma, and increased extracellular matrix deposition in the fat pad. A comparison of estrogen-responsive genes in the mammary glands of humans, mice, and cattle suggests considerable variation among species, as well as potential differences in regulatory elements in common estrogen receptor gene targets. Continuing studies using advanced molecular techniques should assist in elucidating the complex regulation of mammary function at the transcript level.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Connor
- Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA.
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Li RW, Silverstein PS, Waldbieser GC. Genomic characterization and expression analysis of the baculoviral IAP repeat- containing 2 (BIRC2) gene in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Anim Genet 2006; 36:537-9. [PMID: 16293144 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2005.01382.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R W Li
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Catfish Genetics Research Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776, USA
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Abstract
A new Specialty in dentistry, Family Dentistry, has been established to provide a structured, co-ordinated training for general dental practitioners who are the major oral health service providers. The training emphasizes the importance of continuing and comprehensive care, the interface between primary and secondary care, the relationship between the patient and his/her family and the community, and a holistic approach in treatment planning and delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Li
- Hennessy Centre, 500 Hennessy Road, Hong Kong
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Li RW, Edwards MH, Brown B. Variation in vernier evoked cortical potential with age. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2001; 42:1119-24. [PMID: 11274094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects of age on transient vernier visual evoked potential (VEP) and vernier acuity estimated by extrapolation. METHODS Transient vernier VEPs were examined in normal subjects aged 20 to 75 years. Vernier offsets were presented for the first 350 msec of the stimulus period, and the segments were then realigned in the following 400 msec. The six vernier offsets used were 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 140 seconds of arc. Averaging for each offset setting produced vernier VEP waveforms, for which amplitude and latency of visual evoked response and background electroencephalographic (EEG) noise level were determined. Extrapolation of the function relating signal-to-noise ratio and log vernier offset to a ratio of 1.0 resulted in an estimate of vernier acuity. RESULTS Amplitude of vernier VEP waveforms was significantly reduced in subjects more than 60 years of age, and the latency to the first negative peak was progressively prolonged with increasing age. There was no statistically significant change in electroencephalographic (EEG) noise with advancing age. VEP vernier acuity was significantly degraded in the 61- to 75-year age group. These results are parallel to recent psychophysical findings that alignment performance is worse in older persons than in younger ones. CONCLUSIONS The present findings provide the first electrophysiological evidence of age-related cortical degeneration associated with vernier processing. Reduced neural activity probably contributes to the loss of vernier acuity with advancing age. Also provided are the first normative data for subjects of different ages for vernier VEP and VEP vernier acuity. Moreover, the present study has demonstrated that vernier VEP is sensitive to neural changes and therefore may be applied in clinical situations to evaluate the integrity of the visual system.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Li
- Department of Optometry and Radiography, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Li
- Centre for Myopia Research, Department of Optometry and Radiography, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
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Abstract
Many visual functions deteriorate with increasing age, vernier acuity apparently being an exception. We used an improved experimental protocol to investigate vernier thresholds in subjects in four age groups. Vernier threshold was found to increase with increasing age, and the difference in this, compared with previous findings is probably due to the smaller inter-pixel angle used. Vernier acuities in young subjects in other studies seem to have been underestimated. As vernier acuity did not vary with retinal illuminance and the sensitivity loss does not seem to be a learning effect, neural rather than optical changes are likely to account for the deterioration. Measurement of vernier acuity may have clinical application in the determination of visual function behind cataract, and it will be necessary to consider the effect of age on vernier acuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Li
- Department of Optometry and Radiography, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Abstract
Enamel hypoplasia is a common condition that may present a severe aesthetic problem. Although the teeth affected may not be particularly susceptible to caries, patients may request cosmetic improvement. Adhesive techniques may be useful in such situations. This paper discusses the management of a patient with enamel hypoplasia using a combination of adhesive systems including enamel- and dentine-bonded veneers, dentine-bonded crowns, a cantilever resin-retained bridge, bonded amalgam restorations and chairside tin plating. Where adhesion was contraindicated, conventionally retained crowns were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Li
- Hennessy Centre, Hong Kong
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Guan XF, Li RW, Wang YX, Wang XK, Ge SF, Li JL, Lan XJ, Zhong BM. [The clinical analysis of oral squamous cell carcinoma under age of 40 years old]. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue 1996; 5:189-91. [PMID: 15159980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
44 cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma under 40 years old were analyzed retrospectively.The ratio of male to female was 1.93:1,the youngest was 3,and the majority were within 30-40 years old.The predict site was on the tongue,21 cases shown and accounting for 66.90%.Histologically,the most cases were highly differentiated,accounting for 81092%.About one half cases were present in the terminal clinical stage,and for tongue cancer,terminal stage cases were as high as 61.90%.The patients did not cooperate with treatment very well,only minority could fulfill combined therapy in strict meaning.The recurrence was high and might affected the prognosis.The results were discussed and literatures were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Guan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University. Liaoning 110000,China
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18
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Li RW. [Desmoplastic fibroma of the jaws]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 1988; 23:301-2. [PMID: 3234145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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19
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Reif AE, Li RW, Robinson CM. Passive immunotherapy for mouse leukemias with antisera of "directed" specificity: synergism with the action of cyclophosphamide. Cancer Treat Rep 1977; 61:1499-508. [PMID: 922753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Antileukemia sera with "directed" specificity are produced by immunization of rabbits with mouse leukemia cells admixed with normal antigen blocking (NAB) serum. Addition of NAB serum to the leukemia cells inhibits production of antibodies to normal cell components and directs specificity toward leukemia cell antigens. The resulting antileukemia serum (ALK-NABS) was not sufficiently potent to produce more than moderate therapy in the standard L1210 leukemia therapy assay. When given together with noncurative doses of cyclophosphamide (CTX), ALK-NABS acts synergistically. It is most effective when given early after injection of the leukemia cells and prior to injection of CTX. Daily repeated injections of a given dose are more effective than a single injection of that dose. Most important, small doses of ALK-NABS produce a significant prolongation of lifespan in conjunction with CTX. Results of therapy for BW-A leukemia with ALK-NABS in conjunction with CTX were negative.
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