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Brar J, Pathak S, Khalid S, Rawat R, Singh RS, Bindu R. Structural and physical properties of Ni1-xV xalloys around and away from quantum critical point. J Phys Condens Matter 2024; 36:195401. [PMID: 38306701 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad258d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
We investigate the room temperature structure (global and local), temperature dependent magnetic and transport behaviour of Ni1-xVx(0⩽x⩽0.13) alloys. Our Energy Dispersive Analysis of x-rays results show that the prepared compositions are stoichiometric. With increase in V doping, the compounds exhibit a quantum phase transition aroundxc= 0.12, where the ferromagnetic phase is suppressed. Our results show that all the compounds stabilize in face centred cubic structure at RT and the lattice parameter shows unusual behaviour close toxc. The magnetic and heat capacity studies show signature of Griffiths phase on either side ofxc. From 25 K to the lowest collected temperature, we observe a linear T dependence of resistivity atx = 0.1 and aroundxc, which is separated by a Fermi-liquid region aroundx = 0.106. This suggests that the origin of the transport behaviour is different around the quantum critical point and away from it. Our Ni K-edge x-ray Absorption Spectroscopy results show that there is a significant reduction in the first coordination number around Ni central atom on doping. Further, with doping, there is distortion in the first coordination shell around Ni. This suggests, with V doping, the local structure around Ni is different from the global structure as obtained from the x-ray Diffraction results. Interestingly, with doping, we observe a direct connection between the extent of distortion at RT and the magnetic disorder obtained at 2 K. We believe our results will motivate the scientific community to further study the interplay between the structural disorder and quantum fluctuations with temperature at the local level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaskirat Brar
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh 175005, India
| | - Swati Pathak
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh 175005, India
| | - S Khalid
- National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, United States of America
| | - R Rawat
- UGC DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452017, India
| | - R S Singh
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, M.P. 462023, India
| | - R Bindu
- School of Physical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh 175005, India
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Parveen A, Alqahtani F, Javaid S, Ashraf W, Siddique F, Rawat R, Rasool MF, Ahmad T, Alasmari F, Imran I. Anxiolytic potential of resveratrol and rufinamide combination by modulating GABA-ergic transmission: insights from experiments, molecular docking and dynamics simulations. J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 74. [PMID: 38085514 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2023.5.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a polyphenolic phytocompound known to possess anxiolytic-like effects but its impact on central gammaaminobutyric acid (GABA) modulation has never been explored. The purpose of this study was to analyze the anxiolytic-like effects of resveratrol alone and in combination with rufinamide, an antiepileptic drug which has never been studied for its anxiolytic potential. The BALB/c mice were tested in a battery of behavior testing after administration of resveratrol (50 mg/kg) and rufinamide (50 mg/kg) alone and in combination. Moreover, molecular docking studies were also carried out to understand the interaction of resveratrol and rufinamide with GABA aminotransferase, GABA receptor and GABA-A transporter type 1. Resveratrol alone exerted notable anxiolytic-like effects and improved outcomes in few experiments but rufinamide alone did not yield any beneficial outcomes. However, the animal co-administered with resveratrol and rufinamide behaved exceptionally well (p<0.05) and preferred open, illuminated and exposed areas of open field, light/dark and elevated plus maze. Further, these animals showed reduced anxiety towards anxiogenic stimuli i.e. holes and marbles in hole board and marble bury tests, respectively. Resveratrol and rufinamide showed moderate to strong binding affinities with GABA proteins, indicating the potential to treat anxiety-like neurological disorders. Moreover, resveratrol and rufinamide were analyzed using molecular docking to determine their interaction with GABA receptors, transporters, and transaminase. The results suggest that their anxiolytic-like effects may be due to inhibiting GABA reuptake transporter 1 protein, leading to increased synaptic levels of GABA neurotransmitter, as seen in stable molecular dynamics results with the 7SK2 GABA transporter protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Parveen
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - F Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Javaid
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - W Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - F Siddique
- Departmenmt of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - R Rawat
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES University, Dehradun, India
| | - M F Rasool
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - T Ahmad
- Institut for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center UGA/INSERM U1209/CNRS 5309, University of Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - F Alasmari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - I Imran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
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Singh D, Rawat R, Thakur V. Pachydermoperiostosis with Hearing Loss. Skinmed 2022; 20:311-313. [PMID: 35976025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A 21-year-old unmarried man, born of a non-consanguineous marriage, presented to the dermatology department with progressive thickening of the facial skin and eyelids, plus increased folds over his forehead for the last 5 months. He also complained of progressive enlargement of his hands and feet, with intermittent joint pains in his wrists, elbows, and ankles, along with occasional abdominal pain. He had a hearing loss and increased sweating. (SKINmed. 2022;20:311-313).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilbag Singh
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru Government Medical College, Chamba, HP, India
| | - Ritu Rawat
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru Government Medical College, Chamba, HP, India;
| | - Vishal Thakur
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Goswami S, Babu P, Rawat R. Complex magnetic behaviour in rare earth rich magnetocaloric materials – R
3
T. Acta Cryst Sect A 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273322092683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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Yadav S, Chandra M, Rawat R, Sathe V, Sinha AK, Singh K. Structural correlations in the enhancement of ferroelectric property of Sr doped BaTiO 3. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:445402. [PMID: 32634798 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aba384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effect of Sr doping in BaTiO3(BTO) with nominal compositions Ba0.80Sr0.20TiO3(BSTO) have been explored on its structural, lattice vibration, dielectric, ferroelectric and electrocaloric properties. The temperature dependent dielectric results elucidate the enhancement in dielectric constant and exhibit three frequency independent transitions around 335, 250 and 185 K, which are related to different structural transitions. All these transitions occur at lower temperature as compared with pristine BTO, however; remnant electric polarization (Pr) of BSTO is much higher than in BTO. The value ofPris ∼5μC cm-2at room temperature and the maximumPr∼ 8μC cm-2is observed at tetragonal to orthorhombic and orthorhombic to rhombohedral transitions. The electro-caloric effect shows the maximum adiabatic change in temperature ΔT∼ 0.24 K at cubic to tetragonal transition. The temperature dependent synchrotron x-ray diffraction and Raman results show correlations betweenPr, crystal structure and lattice vibrations. Our results demonstrate the enhancement in ferroelectric properties of BTO with Sr doping. The origin of the enhancement in ferroelectric property is also discussed in correlations with the appearance of superlattice peak around room temperature due to TiO6octahedral distortion. These enhanced properties would be useful to design lead free high quality ferroelectric and piezoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Yadav
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, India
| | - Mohit Chandra
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, India
| | - R Rawat
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, India
| | - Vasant Sathe
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, India
| | - A K Sinha
- HXAL, Synchrotrons Utilization Section, RRCAT, Indore 452013, India
| | - Kiran Singh
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, 452001, India
- Department of Physics, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, 144011, India
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Gupta R, Rawat R, Pramanik AK. Electronic properties in itinerant ferromagnet SrRu 1-x Ti x O 3. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:285502. [PMID: 32160606 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab7f08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Here, we study the electrical transport and specific heat in 4d based ferromagnetic material SrRuO3 and its Ti substituted SrRu1-x Ti x O3 series (x ⩽ 0.7). The SrRuO3 is a metal and shows itinerant ferromagnetism with transition temperature T c ∼ 160 K. The nonmagnetic Ti4+ (3d 0) substitution would not only weaken the active Ru-O-Ru channel but is also expected to tune the electronic density and electron correlation effect. A metal to insulator transition has been observed around x ∼ 0.4. The nature of charge transport in paramagnetic-metallic state (x ⩽ 0.4) and in insulating state (x > 0.4) follows modified Mott's variable range hopping model. In ferromagnetic-metallic state, resistivity shows a T 2 dependence below T c which though modifies to T 3/2 dependence at low temperature. In Ti substituted samples, temperature range for T 3/2 dependence extends to higher temperature. Interestingly, this T 3/2 dependence dominates in whole ferromagnetic regime in presence of magnetic field. This evolution of electronic transport behavior can be explained within the framework of Fermi liquid theory and electron-magnon scattering mechanism. The negative magnetoresistance exhibits a hysteresis and a crossover between negative and positive value with magnetic field which is connected with magnetic behavior in series. The decreasing electronic coefficient of specific heat with x supports the increasing insulating behavior in present series. We calculate a high Kadowaki-Woods ratio (x ⩽ 0.3) for SrRuO3 which increases with substitution concentration. This signifies an increasing electronic correlation effect with substitution concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Gupta
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India
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Goswami S, Babu PD, Rawat R. High pressure study of magnetocaloric effect in Ho 3Co and Tb 3Co. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:365803. [PMID: 32375138 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab90a8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The magnetocaloric effect of intermetallic compounds of Tb3Co and Ho3Co is studied under high pressures up to ∼1 GPa using pressure dependent dc magnetisation and specific heat measurements at ambient conditions. The magnetic entropy change (-ΔSM) obtained from magnetisation data and adiabatic change in temperature (ΔTad) determined from zero-field specific heat and magnetisation data are found to be nearly identical within error limits with those deduced from purely field dependent specific heat experiments. With increasing hydrostatic pressure to ∼1 GPa, the -ΔSMand ΔTad, both show a significant enhancement of about 37% and 13%, respectively for 9 T field change in case of Tb3Co. On the other hand, Ho3Co exhibits a decrease of about 8% in both -ΔSMand ΔTadwith increasing pressure. The refrigerant capacity (RC) also increases from 650 J kg-1to 847 J kg-1in the case of Tb3Co and it goes down from 665 J kg-1to 615 J kg-1for Ho3Co for an increase of pressure to 1 GPa. With increasing pressure, the peak widths of both -ΔSMand ΔTadincrease in case of Tb3Co, although the increase is more in -ΔSM. However, such noticeable changes in peak widths with pressure were not observed in Ho3Co. At ambient pressure, peak of -ΔSM(-ΔSMpk) scales with(H/TN)2/3for both the compounds, consistent with the prediction of mean field theory (MFT) for second order magnetic transition. However, deviation from MFT was noticed at high pressures as-ΔSMpkwas found to scale with(H/TN)3/4instead of(H/TN)2/3for both the alloys. Further, normalised -ΔSMcurves for different ΔHand pressures collapse on a single universal curve in both the compounds thereby indicating that the second order magnetic transition persists even up to ∼1 GPa pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanta Goswami
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Mumbai Centre, BARC Campus, Mumbai-400085, India
| | - P D Babu
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Mumbai Centre, BARC Campus, Mumbai-400085, India
| | - R Rawat
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore-452001, India
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Pandey S, Siruguri V, Rawat R. Effect of Tb substitution in naturally layered LaMn 2Si 2: magnetic, magnetocaloric, magnetoresistance and neutron diffraction study. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:035807. [PMID: 31585445 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab4b3b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Evolution of physical and magnetic properties of La rich La1-x Tb x Mn2Si2 (x = 0, 0.1 and 0.225) compounds is studied using temperature and field dependent dc magnetization, electrical transport, and heat capacity measurements. LaMn2Si2 undergoes a paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic ordering at T N ~ 400 K and a long range ferromagnetic ordering below T C ~ 308 K. However, the substitution of Tb at La site results in the contraction of unit cell as well as decrease in the Mn-Mn spacing, which leads to an additional antiferromagnetic phase below T N ~ 87 K and 257 K for La0.9Tb0.1Mn2Si2 and La0.775Tb0.225Mn2Si2, respectively. Using magnetization isotherm results, we have constructed an H-T phase diagram for x = 0.225 and have found the coexistence of this additional antiferromagnetic phase with ferromagnetic phase. The phase coexistence at x ~ 0.225 is further analysed using magnetoresistance (MR) and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) studies and a reasonable correlation is established between MCE and MR. In order to analyse the nature of the magnetic transition at T C, a universal master curve is constructed by rescaling the magnetic entropy curves. Low temperature neutron diffraction measurements performed on the polycrystalline samples revealed a canted ferromagnetic structure for x ~ 0.1 and a canted antiferromagnetic structure for x ~ 0.225.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Pandey
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research Mumbai Centre, BARC Campus, Mumbai 400085, India
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Goswami S, Babu PD, Rawat R. High pressure study of magnetic properties of Tb 3Co. J Phys Condens Matter 2019; 31:505802. [PMID: 31480022 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab40d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The magnetic properties of rare earth rich intermetallic compound, Tb3Co, were studied under external pressures up to ∼1.21 GPa. The application of external pressure results in a decrease of the transition temperatures, [Formula: see text] (paramagnetic to modulated antiferromagnetic) by about 6 K, and the order to order transition that coincides with a glass transition at 72 K by about 15 K, respectively. The low temperature drop in the zero-field cooled magnetisation signifying the strengthening of spin-orbit coupling remains more or less unaffected (shifts only by 3 K) by the external pressures but significant changes in the magnetic behaviour were observed above 40 K. The overall long range non-collinear magnetic order coexisting with glassy behaviour (below 72 K) is sustained even at ∼1.07 GPa pressure. The rate of decay of [Formula: see text] (d[Formula: see text]) is found to be linear with -7.2 K GPa-1 up to ∼0.9 GPa and then it deviates from linearity. The magnetic relaxations and memory effects studied under different measurement protocols confirm the presence of glassiness right up to the highest pressure, although the glassy behaviour is weakened to some extent with increasing pressure as reflected by faster relaxations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanta Goswami
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Mumbai Centre, BARC Campus, Mumbai-400085, India
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Goswami S, Babu PD, Rawat R. Magnetic glassy behaviour coupled with long range non-collinear magnetic order in Tb 3Co. J Phys Condens Matter 2019; 31:445801. [PMID: 31295732 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab3156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Detailed and systematic study of rare earth rich intermetallic compound Tb3Co, using dc magnetisation, neutron powder diffraction, and linear and non-linear ac-susceptibilities, shows the presence of an unexpected magnetic glassy state along with complex non-collinear or modulated antiferromagnetic (AFM) order. Our neutron diffraction study shows that the magnetic structure remains more or less the same except for a decrease in moment values in the temperature range of 2 K-70 K and rules out any phase transition around 30 K. However, it reveals sharp changes in structural parameters around 30 K, which indicates strong spin-lattice coupling and change in strength. It appears to be mainly responsible for the observed increase in ZFC magnetisation on warming around 30 K. Another important unexpected result of this study is the strong frequency dispersion in linear and non-linear (higher order harmonics) ac-susceptibilities below [Formula: see text] K. The analysis in terms of various spin glass theoretical formulisms and even stronger frequency dispersion in non-linear susceptibilities provides evidence for the presence of a spin glass like state in Tb3Co. The final picture that emerges out of this study is that a spin glass like state coexists with the long range modulated AFM order below 72 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanta Goswami
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Mumbai Centre, BARC Campus, Mumbai 400085, India
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Mahajan V, Chauhan P, Sharma A, Mehta K, Rawat R, Sharma V. Evaluation of efficacy and safety of intralesional Measles-Mumps-Rubella virus vaccine for the treatment of common warts in children and adolescents. Indian J Paediatr Dermatol 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/ijpd.ijpd_106_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Mahajan V, Singh Mehta K, Chauhan P, Chauhan S, Sharma V, Rawat R. Evaluation of efficacy and safety of intralesional bleomycin in the treatment of common warts: Results of a pilot study. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 2019; 85:397-404. [PMID: 29956682 DOI: 10.4103/ijdvl.ijdvl_519_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Chatterjee S, Gupta A, Mohanta T, Mitra R, Samanta D, Mandal AB, Majumder M, Rawat R, Singha NR. Scalable Synthesis of Hide Substance-Chitosan-Hydroxyapatite: Novel Biocomposite from Industrial Wastes and Its Efficiency in Dye Removal. ACS Omega 2018; 3:11486-11496. [PMID: 31459250 PMCID: PMC6645111 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A novel porous polymer-inorganic hybrid biocomposite with various functional groups (hide substance/chitosan/hydroxyapatite) has been synthesized in simple, economic, and scalable process utilizing leather industry solid waste and seafood industry waste composed with hydroxyapatite. Physicochemical characterization of the material reveals formation of composites with homogenous distribution of the constituents in the material matrix. The composite is hard and porous (with 0.1632 cm3/g slit-shaped mesopores and micropores) having particle sizes 40-80 μm and a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of 55.54 m2/g. The material is polycrystalline in nature with a fair amount of amorphous substance and less hydrophilic in character than constituent polymers. The dye removal efficiency of the material has been tested with two model dyes, namely, methylene blue (MB) (cationic/basic dye) and sunset yellow (SY) (anionic/acid dye). Optimum adsorptions of 3.8 mg MB (pH 12, RT ≈ 27 °C) and 168 mg of SY (pH 3, RT ≈ 27 °C) have been found per gram of the composite material. Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order rate models have been found to be the best-fit models to explain the equilibrium isotherm and kinetics of the adsorption process for both the dyes. However, higher and faster adsorption of SY in comparison with MB indicated higher binding efficiency of the material toward the acidic dye. Desorption of dyes from the dye-adsorbed material was studied using a suitable eluent of appropriate pH and recycling for five times showed without loss of efficiency. The prepared composite showed very high dye removal efficiency toward four different commercially used dyes (496 mg/g of Orange-NR, 477 mg/g of Red-VLN, 488 mg/g of Blue-113 dye, and 274 mg/g of Green-PbS dye) from their individual and cocktail solutions. It was also efficient to decolorize dye-bearing tannery exhaust bath. Hence, waste materials generated during industrial processes could be efficiently used for the decontamination of colored wastewater produced by various industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandipan Chatterjee
- RCED-Kolkata, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, 3/1C, Matheswartala Road, Kolkata 700046, West Bengal, India
| | - Arka Gupta
- RCED-Kolkata, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, 3/1C, Matheswartala Road, Kolkata 700046, West Bengal, India
| | - Tamal Mohanta
- Leather
Technology Division and Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology, Block-LB 11, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India
| | - Rangeet Mitra
- RCED-Kolkata, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, 3/1C, Matheswartala Road, Kolkata 700046, West Bengal, India
| | - Debasis Samanta
- Polymer
Science and Technology Division, CSIR-Central
Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai 600020, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Asit Baran Mandal
- Material
Characterization & Instrumentation and Nano Structured Material
Divisions, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic
Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Mousumi Majumder
- Material
Characterization & Instrumentation and Nano Structured Material
Divisions, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic
Research Institute, 196, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Ritu Rawat
- Squid-VSM
and PLD Lab, UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific
Research, Indore Centre,
University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452017, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nayan Ranjan Singha
- Leather
Technology Division and Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology, Block-LB 11, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India
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Rashpa RS, Mahajan VK, Kumar P, Mehta KS, Chauhan PS, Rawat R, Sharma V. Mucocutaneous Manifestations in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-sectional Study. Indian Dermatol Online J 2018; 9:20-26. [PMID: 29441293 PMCID: PMC5803936 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_160_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD)-associated mucocutaneous manifestations significantly impair the quality of life but often remain understudied. They may also vary across regions, socioeconomic and nutritional status, and racial differences. Objectives: To study the patterns of mucocutaneous disorders and their prevalence in CKD patients irrespective of clinical stage or dialysis status. Materials and Methods: 122 (M:F = 77:45) patients aged 21‒85 (Mean ± SD = 57.5 ± 14.0) years having CKD for 3 month to 5 years were studied for mucocutaneous manifestations. Fifty (41%) patients were on hemodialysis for 1‒42 months. Detailed medical history, clinical and mucocutaneous examination, and lab investigations were performed. KOH mounts, skin biopsy, Gram's and Giemsa staining, bacterial or fungal cultures were performed as required. Results: Xerosis in 93 (76.2%), skin pallor in 61 (50%), pruritus in 57 (46.7%), pigmentation in 47 (38.5%), and purpura in 18 (14.8%) patients were the major dermatoses. Bullous lesions and perforating folliculitis occurred in 3 (2.5%) patients each. Major nail abnormalities were pallor (in 35.2%), absent lunula (in 23.8%), nail discoloration (in 18%), and “half-and-half nails” in 16.4% patients, respectively. Hair abnormalities included sparse scalp and body hairs (in 35.2% and 13.1%, respectively) and lusterless hair in 12.3% patients. Coated tongue (in 14.8%), xerostomia (in 12.3%), and macroglossia with teeth indention (in 7.4%) patients were the mucosal manifestations. Conclusions: Xerosis, pruritus, skin pallor/pigmentary changes, nail pallor, absent lunula, nail discoloration, sparse hairs, coated tongue, xerostomia, macroglossia, and infections were the most common mucocutaneous manifestations in the studied patients irrespective of hemodialysis status. Cold and dry climates might be additional aggravators for xerosis/pruritus. Lifelong follow-up may be needed to reduce the morbidity associated with CKD/hemodialysis specific dermatoses appearing over a period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rattan S Rashpa
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vikram K Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Karaninder S Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Pushpinder S Chauhan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ritu Rawat
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Kohli S, Mahajan VK, Rana BS, Mehta KS, Raina RK, Chauhan PS, Sharma V, Rawat R. Clinicoepidemiologic Features of Chronic Urticaria in Patients with versus without Subclinical Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study of 150 Patients. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2018; 175:114-120. [PMID: 29346794 DOI: 10.1159/000485893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Helicobacter pylori infection is linked to chronic urticaria in nearly 60% of patients. We studied clinicoepidemiologic features in patients with chronic urticaria with and without H. pylori infection. METHODS Endoscopic antral biopsy for the rapid urease test (RUT) and histopathology, and serum IgG ELISA for H. pylori infection were performed in 150 patients (male:female ratio 1:2.4) of chronic urticaria aged 18-68 years. Clinicoepidemiologic features including age, gender, age of onset and duration, frequency and distribution of wheals, urticaria severity score, and systemic symptoms were analyzed in patients with and without H. pylori. The results of serum IgG ELISA for H. pylori were compared with 106 age- and gender-matched healthy adult controls. RESULTS The RUT in 84 patients (56%), histopathology in 76 patients (50.6%), and H. pylori IgG ELISA in 94 patients (62.6%) were positive. H. pylori IgG ELISA was positive only in 35 (33%) controls, suggesting that chronic urticaria patients were more likely to have asymptomatic H. pylori infection than normal controls. Although not statistically significant, patients with H. pylori had a higher mean urticaria severity score, number of urticaria/angioedema episodes per year, and involvement of more body sites, particularly the scalp, palms, and soles. The constitutional or gastrointestinal symptoms were statistically higher in patients with H. pylori infection than those without it. CONCLUSION A subset of chronic urticaria patients appears to have asymptomatic H. pylori infection. However, its implications in chronicity, recurrences, the severity of urticaria, other systemic manifestations, and management remains conjectural in view of 33% of controls also having positive H. pylori ELISA and the endemicity of infection in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakshi Kohli
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R.P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, India
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Gupta S, Mahajan VK, Yadav RS, Mehta KS, Bhushan S, Chauhan PS, Rawat R, Sharma V. Evaluation of Serum Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis and Healthy Controls: Results of a Pilot Study. Indian Dermatol Online J 2018; 9:250-255. [PMID: 30050814 PMCID: PMC6042194 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_328_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-proliferative effects of vitamin D in pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases have been highlighted in recent years but implications of vitamin D deficiency in systemic sclerosis (SSc) remain understudied. Objectives To evaluate serum vitamin D levels in SSc patients and matched controls. Materials and Methods Serum vitamin D levels were estimated in 38 (M:F 5:33) patients aged 23-70 years of untreated SSc and age and gender matched healthy controls. Clinical and investigative evaluation for skin sclerosis by modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS), presence of digital ulcers, Raynaud's phenomenon, type of auto-antibodies, systemic involvement, and serum vitamin D levels were performed. Serum vitamin D levels were defined as normal (30-100 ng/ml), insufficient (10-30 ng/ml), and deficient (<10 ng/ml). Results Serum vitamin D levels (median ± IQR) were 19.5 ± 77.8 ng/ml in 38 patients and 100 ± 31.3 ng/ml in controls each. Vitamin D deficiency in 13 (34.2%) and insufficiency in 10 (26.3%) patients were identified. Only 2 (5.3%) controls had vitamin D insufficiency and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.001). An inverse relationship was observed between mRSS and serum vitamin D levels. Conclusions Patients with SSc have significantly lower serum vitamin D levels than healthy controls. Serum vitamin D levels do not correlate well with age, gender, disease duration or its variants, type of auto antibodies, presence of digital ulceration, or systemic involvement but has inverse correlation with skin sclerosis. Better-designed studies will perhaps resolve issues of potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation in modification of disease activity or severity in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Gupta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vikram K Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rajinder S Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Karaninder S Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Satya Bhushan
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Pushpinder S Chauhan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ritu Rawat
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Tanda, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Urkude RR, Rawat R, Palikundwar UA. Temperature and impurity effect on parallel field magnetoconductance of bulk insulating topological insulator (Bi 1-x Sb x ) 2Te 3. J Phys Condens Matter 2017; 29:495602. [PMID: 29140796 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa9648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We have performed a systematic parallel field magnetotransport studies of (Bi1-x Sb x )2Te3 to understand the temperature and impurity effect on the interference of bulk conductance on the surface states of highly insulating topologically insulating compound Bi2Te3. The compound exhibits a weak antilocalization effect (WAL) at low temperature and low magnetic field. WAL weakens and a weak localization effect is observed to be developed in the compound with the increase in temperature due to the creation of topologically trivial 2D electron gas states. Strong interlayer interference and coupling of bulk carriers with surface states are observed at low temperature. A similar temperature effect is observed for all concentrations of Sb. Topologically protected surface states enhance with the increase in Sb contents up to x = 0.3; however, a further increase in Sb concentration leads to a decrease in surface states. The data has been analysed via the generalised Altshuler and Aronov model for parallel field transport anticipating weak antilocalization and interlayer interference.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Urkude
- X-ray Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur-440033, India
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Rawat R, Mahajan VK. Peripilar keratin cysts or pseudonits: When nits are not nits! Indian J Med Res 2017; 145:700. [PMID: 28948965 PMCID: PMC5644309 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2029_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Rawat
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra, Tanda 176 001, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vikram K Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra, Tanda 176 001, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Mahajan VK, Raina RK, Singh S, Rashpa RS, Sood A, Chauhan PS, Mehta KS, Rawat R, Sharma V. Case Report: Histoplasmosis in Himachal Pradesh (India): An Emerging Endemic Focus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2017; 97:1749-1756. [PMID: 29016342 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe four cases of histoplasmosis indigenous to Himachal Pradesh (India) that will be of considerable public health interest. A 48-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative man with cervical and mediastinal lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, adrenal mass, and bone marrow involvement was treated as disseminated tuberculosis without benefit. Progressive disseminated histoplasmosis was diagnosed from the fungus in smears from adrenal mass. Another 37-year-old HIV-positive man was on treatment of suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. He developed numerous erythema nodosum leprosum-like mucocutanous lesions accompanied by fever, generalized lymphadenopathy, and weight loss. Pulmonary histoplasmosis with cutaneous dissemination was diagnosed when skin lesions showed the fungus in smears, histopathology, and mycologic culture. Both were successfully treated with amphotericin B/itraconazole. Third patient, a 46-year-old HIV-negative man, had oropharyngeal lesions, cervical lymphadenopathy, intermittent fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and deteriorating general health. Progressive disseminated oropharyngeal histoplasmosis was diagnosed from the fungus in smears and mycologic cultures from oropharyngeal lesions and cervical lymph node aspirates. He died despite initiating treatment with oral itraconazole. Another 32-year-old man 3 months after roadside trauma developed a large ulcer with exuberant granulation tissue over left thigh without evidence of immunosuppression/systemic involvement. He was treated successfully with surgical excision of ulcer under amphotericin B/itraconazole coverage as primary cutaneous histoplasmosis confirmed pathologically and mycologically. A clinical suspicion remains paramount for early diagnosis of histoplasmosis particularly in a nonendemic area. Most importantly, with such diverse clinical presentation and therapeutic outcome selection of an appropriate and customized treatment schedule is a discretion the treating clinicians need to make.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram K Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rashmi Kaul Raina
- Department of Pathology, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Suman Singh
- Department of Pathology, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rattan Sagar Rashpa
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anuradha Sood
- Department of Microbiology, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Pushpinder S Chauhan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Karaninder S Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ritu Rawat
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
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Sharma R, Mahajan VK, Mehta KS, Chauhan PS, Rawat R, Shiny TN. Therapeutic efficacy and safety of oral tranexamic acid and that of tranexamic acid local infiltration with microinjections in patients with melasma: a comparative study. Clin Exp Dermatol 2017. [PMID: 28649780 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Sharma
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy; Dr RP Govt Medical College; Kangra (Tanda) India
| | - V. K. Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy; Dr RP Govt Medical College; Kangra (Tanda) India
| | - K. S. Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy; Dr RP Govt Medical College; Kangra (Tanda) India
| | - P. S. Chauhan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy; Dr RP Govt Medical College; Kangra (Tanda) India
| | - R. Rawat
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy; Dr RP Govt Medical College; Kangra (Tanda) India
| | - T. N. Shiny
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy; Dr RP Govt Medical College; Kangra (Tanda) India
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Shiny TN, Mahajan VK, Mehta KS, Chauhan PS, Rawat R, Sharma R. Patch testing and cross sensitivity study of adverse cutaneous drug reactions due to anticonvulsants: A preliminary report. World J Methodol 2017; 7:25-32. [PMID: 28396847 PMCID: PMC5366936 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v7.i1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the utility of patch test and cross-sensitivity patterns in patients with adverse cutaneous drug reactions (ACDR) from common anticonvulsants.
METHODS Twenty-four (M:F = 13:11) patients aged 18-75 years with ACDR from anticonvulsants were patch tested 3-27 mo after complete recovery using carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbitone, lamotrigine, and sodium valproate in 10%, 20% and 30% conc. in pet. after informed consent. Positive reactions persisting on D3 and D4 were considered significant.
RESULTS Clinical patterns were exanthematous drug rash with or without systemic involvement (DRESS) in 18 (75%), Stevens-Johnsons syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) overlap and TEN in 2 (8.3%) patients each, SJS and lichenoid drug eruption in 1 (4.2%) patient each, respectively. The implicated drugs were phenytoin in 14 (58.3%), carbamazepine in 9 (37.5%), phenobarbitone in 2 (8.3%), and lamotrigine in 1 (4.7%) patients, respectively. Twelve (50%) patients elicited positive reactions to implicated drugs; carbamazepine in 6 (50%), phenytoin alone in 4 (33.3%), phenobarbitone alone in 1 (8.3%), and both phenytoin and phenobarbitone in 1 (8.33%) patients, respectively. Cross-reactions occurred in 11 (92%) patients. Six patients with carbamazepine positive patch test reaction showed cross sensitivity with phenobarbitone, sodium valproate and/or lamotrigine. Three (75%) patients among positive phenytoin patch test reactions had cross reactions with phenobarbitone, lamotrigine, and/or valproate.
CONCLUSION Carbamazepine remains the commonest anticonvulsant causing ACDRs and cross-reactions with other anticonvulsants are possible. Drug patch testing appears useful in DRESS for drug imputability and cross-reactions established clinically.
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Rawat R, Baghel S, Thakran R, Messi C, Kapoor S, Garg S, Malaviya A. OP0192-HPR Teaching Methotrexate Self-Injection Technique To The Patients in A Routine Rheumatology Out-Patient Clinic: Factors Favouring or Countering Acceptability. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.4511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Gupta M, Mahajan VK, Chauahn PS, Mehta KS, Rawat R, Shiny TN. Knowledge, attitude, and perception of disease among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immuno deficiency syndrome: A study from a tertiary care center in North India. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2016; 37. [PMID: 27890953 PMCID: PMC5111304 DOI: 10.4103/2589-0557.185500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although modification of behavioral practices among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-affected patients is important in decreasing HIV disease transmission, the knowledge, attitude, and perception studies about HIV infection rarely include persons living with HIV/acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Aims: To assess knowledge, attitude, and perceptions of persons living with HIV/AIDS for the disease and other epidemiological aspects. Materials and Methods: One-hundred and fifty consecutive persons living with HIV/AIDS were enrolled for this questionnaire-based cross-sectional, descriptive study. Results: These 150 patients comprised 93 men and 57 women, aged between 14 and 78 (mean 37.13) years. The majority, 112 (74.67%) patients were between 20 and 50 years of age and 116 (77.3%) patients were either illiterate or high-school dropouts. Drivers, laborers, and self-employed comprised 69 (74.2%) patients among affected males. Only 129 (86%) respondents had heard about HIV/AIDS and knew about its heterosexual transmission. Ninety-eight (65.3%) respondents were aware of disease transmission from infected blood or needle pricks. Interestingly, 106 (70.7%) respondents were aware of the importance of using condom in preventing disease transmission. Television/radio was the most common sources of information for 135 (90%) patients. Nearly, 69% respondents disfavored disclosing their disease to friends/colleagues fearing stigmatization. Conclusions: Information, education, and communication activities are imperative to educate persons living with HIV/AIDS about life-long nature of the disease, modes of its transmission, and significance of preventive measures to bridge the gaps in their knowledge. While improvement in individual economic status, education, and health services remains highly desirable, mass media can play a pivotal role in creating awareness among masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal Gupta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vikram K. Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Vikram K. Mahajan, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda) - 176 001, Himachal Pradesh, India. E-mail:
| | - Pushpinder S. Chauahn
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Karainder S. Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ritu Rawat
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - T. N. Shiny
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
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Singh R, Mahajan VK, Mehta KS, Thakur L, Chauhan PS, Gupta M, Rawat R. Profile of Rheumatological Manifestations in Leprosy in a Tertiary Care Hospital from Himachal Pradesh. Indian J Lepr 2016; 88:13-19. [PMID: 29741821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The rheumatological manifestations of leprosy occur singly or in varying combinations, particularly during lepra reactions. Despite being third most common, these remain under diagnosed and under reported. This study has been carried out to study the spectrum of rheumatological manifestations in leprosy patients. One hundred consecutive patients of leprosy presenting during January to December 2013 were studied for rheumatological manifestations. Complete hemogram, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, rheumatoid factor, ASO titer, C-reactive protein, ANA, and x-rays for hands, feet, chest and involved joints were performed. These 100 (M:F 66:34) patients aged between 16-80 years had indeterminate (2 patients), TT (4 patients), BT (26 patients), BB (2 patients), and LL leprosy (32 patients). 27 patients had rheumatological manifestations; arthritis involving large or small joints in 23 patients being the commonest. 7 of 24 patients in type-1 lepra reaction had enthesitis in 3 patients and oligoarthritis in 4 patients. Rheumatoid arthritis-like polyarthritis was noted in 19 patients with type-2 reaction. Tenosynovitis, dactylitis, bony changes were also noted. Except for one case, these features were present in patients having lepra reactions. Rheumatoid factor in 14, ANA in 15, C-reactive protein in 45 cases was positive. ASO was positive 34 cases. Symmetrical polyarthritis involving small joints of hands and feet, oligoarthritis, enthesitis and dactylitis are common in leprosy particularly with borderline leprosy, type-2 lepra reaction especially in the presence of positive RAfactor.
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Gupta M, Mahajan VK, Chauahn PS, Mehta KS, Rawat R, Shiny TN. Knowledge, attitude, and perception of disease among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immuno deficiency syndrome: A study from a tertiary care center in North India. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2016; 37:173-177. [PMID: 27890953 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7184.185500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although modification of behavioral practices among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-affected patients is important in decreasing HIV disease transmission, the knowledge, attitude, and perception studies about HIV infection rarely include persons living with HIV/acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS). AIMS To assess knowledge, attitude, and perceptions of persons living with HIV/AIDS for the disease and other epidemiological aspects. MATERIALS AND METHODS One-hundred and fifty consecutive persons living with HIV/AIDS were enrolled for this questionnaire-based cross-sectional, descriptive study. RESULTS These 150 patients comprised 93 men and 57 women, aged between 14 and 78 (mean 37.13) years. The majority, 112 (74.67%) patients were between 20 and 50 years of age and 116 (77.3%) patients were either illiterate or high-school dropouts. Drivers, laborers, and self-employed comprised 69 (74.2%) patients among affected males. Only 129 (86%) respondents had heard about HIV/AIDS and knew about its heterosexual transmission. Ninety-eight (65.3%) respondents were aware of disease transmission from infected blood or needle pricks. Interestingly, 106 (70.7%) respondents were aware of the importance of using condom in preventing disease transmission. Television/radio was the most common sources of information for 135 (90%) patients. Nearly, 69% respondents disfavored disclosing their disease to friends/colleagues fearing stigmatization. CONCLUSIONS Information, education, and communication activities are imperative to educate persons living with HIV/AIDS about life-long nature of the disease, modes of its transmission, and significance of preventive measures to bridge the gaps in their knowledge. While improvement in individual economic status, education, and health services remains highly desirable, mass media can play a pivotal role in creating awareness among masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal Gupta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vikram K Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Pushpinder S Chauahn
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Karainder S Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ritu Rawat
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - T N Shiny
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh, India
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Gandhi N, Mendiratta V, Shukla S, Rawat R, Rana S, Chander R. Violaceous Maculopapular Rash in a Newborn: Congenital Rubella Syndrome. Indian J Dermatol 2015; 60:521. [PMID: 26538723 PMCID: PMC4601444 DOI: 10.4103/0019-5154.164429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital rubella syndrome involves a configuration of systemic and cutaneous manifestations in a neonate due to in utero infection caused by the rubella virus. The case of a preterm neonate with blueberry muffin lesions and classical as well as rare systemic features of congenital rubella syndrome is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Gandhi
- Department of Dermatology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Vibhu Mendiratta
- Department of Dermatology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Shailja Shukla
- Department of Pathology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritu Rawat
- Department of Dermatology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Shiwangi Rana
- Department of Dermatology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Ram Chander
- Department of Dermatology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
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Abhinav C, Mahajan VK, Mehta KS, Chauhan PS, Gupta M, Rawat R. Weekly methotrexate versus daily isotretinoin to treat moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis: a comparative study. Our Dermatol Online 2015. [DOI: 10.7241/ourd.20154.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Gupta M, Mahajan VK, Mehta KS, Chauhan PS, Rawat R. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and PPAR agonists: the ‘future’ in dermatology therapeutics? Arch Dermatol Res 2015; 307:767-80. [PMID: 25986745 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-015-1571-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mrinal Gupta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Tanda, 176001, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vikram K Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Tanda, 176001, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Karaninder S Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Tanda, 176001, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Pushpinder S Chauhan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Tanda, 176001, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Ritu Rawat
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. R. P. Govt. Medical College, Kangra, Tanda, 176001, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Bag P, Singh V, Rawat R. Note: Inverted heat pulse method to measure heat capacity during cooling: A counterpart of conventional quasi-adiabatic heat pulse method. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:056102. [PMID: 26026563 DOI: 10.1063/1.4919731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A simple method to extract known amount of heat from a sample within a given time interval has been proposed. Using this method, which we call inverted heat pulse (IHP) method, absolute values of heat capacity (C(P)) during cooling can be measured in a manner similar to conventional quasi-adiabatic heat pulse method of measuring C(P) during warming. Absolute accuracy of the measured C(P) using IHP method is found to be better than 2% in the temperature range 100-300 K. Applicability of this method to a broad and hysteretic first order transition is tested by measuring C(P) of Rh doped FePt sample, which shows a antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic first order transition with a transition width of ∼35 K and hysteresis of ∼6 K. The peak value of the measured C(P) using IHP during cooling as well as entropy change calculated from measured data is found to be in good agreement with that measured during warming using conventional quasi-adiabatic heat pulse method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallab Bag
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, India
| | - Vikram Singh
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, India
| | - R Rawat
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, India
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Hoang M, Nguyen P, Hajeebhoy N, Menon P, Rawat R. Willingness to Pay for Nutrition Counseling Services in Vietnam. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.584.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Hoang
- Health EconomicsHanoi Medical Univ.Viet Nam
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31
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Rawat R, Nguyen P, Kim S, Hajeebhoy N, Tran H, Ruel M, Menon P. Incorporating Social Franchising (SF) Principles in Government Health Services Improves Breastfeeding (BF) Practices in Vietnam. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.584.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - H Tran
- A&TSave the ChildrenViet Nam
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Menon P, Saha K, Kennedy A, Khaled A, Tyagi T, Sanghvi T, Afsana K, Haque R, Frongillo E, Ruel M, Rawat R. Social and Behavioral Change Interventions Delivered at Scale Have Large Impacts on Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) Practices in Bangladesh. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.584.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - E Frongillo
- Health Education& Behavior Univ. of SouthCarolinaUnited States
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Nguyen P, Kim S, Nguyen T, Hajeebhoy N, Tran L, Ruel M, Rawat R, Frongillo E, Menon P. Additive Effects of Interpersonal Counseling and Mass Media on Psychosocial Determinants of Exclusive Breastfeeding among Vietnamese Mothers. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.120.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - E Frongillo
- Health Education & Behavior Univ. of South CarolinaUnited States
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Rawat R, Saha K, Kennedy A, Ruel M, Menon P. Sale of micronutrient powders (MNPs) by frontline workers (FLWs) enables high reach, but low uptake limits impact on anemia and iron status: a cluster randomized study in Bangladesh. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.391.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Rawat
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division International Food Policy Research InstituteWashingtonDCUnited States
| | - K Saha
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division International Food Policy Research InstituteWashingtonDCUnited States
| | - A Kennedy
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division International Food Policy Research InstituteWashingtonDCUnited States
| | - M Ruel
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division International Food Policy Research InstituteWashingtonDCUnited States
| | - P Menon
- Poverty Health and Nutrition Division International Food Policy Research InstituteWashingtonDCUnited States
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Bhatti IN, Rawat R, Banerjee A, Pramanik AK. Temperature evolution of magnetic and transport behavior in 5d Mott insulator Sr₂IrO₄: significance of magneto-structural coupling. J Phys Condens Matter 2015; 27:016005. [PMID: 25494229 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/1/016005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the temperature evolution of magnetism and its interrelation with structural parameters in the perovskite-based layered compound Sr2IrO4, which is believed to be a J(eff) = 1/2 Mott insulator. The structural distortion plays an important role in this material and induces a weak ferromagnetism in an otherwise antiferromagnetically ordered magnetic state with a transition temperature around 240 K. Interestingly, at low temperatures, below around 100 K, a change in the magnetic moment has been observed. Temperature dependent x-ray diffraction measurements show that sudden changes in structural parameters around 100 K are responsible for this. Resistivity measurements show insulating behavior throughout the temperature range across the magnetic phase transition. The electronic transport can be described with Mott's two-dimensional variable range hopping (VRH) mechanism, however, three different temperature ranges are found for VRH, which is a result of varying the localization length with temperature. A negative magnetoresistance (MR) has been observed at all temperatures in contrast to positive behavior generally observed in strongly spin-orbit coupled materials. The quadratic field dependence of MR implies the relevance of a quantum interference effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imtiaz Noor Bhatti
- School of Physical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
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Mahajan VK, Singh R, Mehta KS, Chauhan PS, Sharma S, Gupta M, Rawat R. Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome: a rare cause of erythroderma. J Dermatol Case Rep 2014; 8:108-14. [PMID: 25621091 DOI: 10.3315/jdcr.2014.1185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare and potentially lethal disorder characterized by persistently elevated eosinophil counts without any underlying causes. Two variants, the myeloproliferative and lymphocytic hypereosinophilic syndrome, have been identified. The symptoms are variable and related to the organs involved (cardiovascular system, skin, central and peripheral nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, eyes). Skin lesions can be the dominating and/or presenting symptom in about 50% of patients. MAIN OBSERVATIONS We describe a 54-year-old man with a 12-year history of skin lesions, clinically consistent with psoriasis and psoriatic erythroderma. The patient was treated with methotrexate with no response. He experienced intense pruritus, dry/coarse skin and palmoplantar hyperkeratosis. Histopathology showed spongiotic dermatitis with no epidermotropism. Inflammatory infiltrates in upper dermis consisted predominantly of lymphocytes and eosinophils. Peripheral and tissue eosinophilia, immunophenotyping, and results of FIP1L1-PDGFRA gene analysis were suggestive of lymphocytic HES. The patient was treated with hydroxycarbamide (1 g/day), prednisolone (40 mg/day) and antihistamines with improvement. CONCLUSIONS HES requires early treatment to prevent severe damage of targeted organs. The pleomorphic dermatological manifestations may delay the diagnosis. This case shows the importance of wide differential diagnosis of erythroderma. In this article we discuss the diagnostic criteria, the recommended work-up and management of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram K Mahajan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh - 176001, India
| | - Ravinder Singh
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh - 176001, India
| | - Karaninder S Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh - 176001, India
| | - Pushpinder S Chauhan
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh - 176001, India
| | - Saurabh Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh - 176001, India
| | - Mrinal Gupta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh - 176001, India
| | - Ritu Rawat
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprosy, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Government Medical College, Kangra (Tanda), Himachal Pradesh - 176001, India
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Malaviya A, Aggarwal V, Rawat R, Gogia S. Axial-spondyloarthritis (ax-SpA) from single rheumatology clinic in New Delhi – III: How did they find a rheumatologist (with whose reference), who were the prior care-givers, what was the diagnosis and what treatments were given. Indian Journal of Rheumatology 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.injr.2014.10.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Reddy VR, Rawat R, Gupta A, Bag P, Siruguri V, Chaddah P. Low temperature high magnetic field 57Fe Mössbauer study of kinetic arrest in Ta doped HfFe2. J Phys Condens Matter 2013; 25:316005. [PMID: 23838427 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/31/316005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature high magnetic field (57)Fe Mössbauer measurements were carried out on the inter-metallic compound Hf0.77Ta0.23Fe2 by following novel paths in H-T space. The ferromagnetic (FM) fraction at 5 K and zero magnetic field is shown to depend on the cooling field, i.e., the higher the field is, the higher the FM fraction is. Mössbauer spectra collected in the presence of a 4 T magnetic field show that the antiferromagnetic (AFM) spins are canted with respect to the applied magnetic field and hence contribute to the total bulk magnetization in this compound. The data also show an induced magnetic moment even at the 2a site of the AFM phase. Mössbauer spectra collected using the CHUF (cooling and heating in un-equal magnetic fields) protocol show a reentrant transition when the sample is cooled in zero field and measured during warming in 4 T, showing the FM state as the equilibrium state. This work is the first microscopic experimental evidence for the de-vitrification of the kinetically arrested magnetic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Raghavendra Reddy
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Indore, India
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39
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Mishra DK, Sathe VG, Rawat R, Ganesan V. Enhancement of the ferromagnetic metallic phase fraction by extrinsic disorder in phase separated La(5/8-y)Pr(y)Ca(3/8)MnO3 (y = 0.45) thin film. J Phys Condens Matter 2013; 25:175003. [PMID: 23524465 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/17/175003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Our study shows that extrinsic disorder plays a decisive role in shaping inhomogeneities at large length scales in phase separated systems. Epitaxial La5/8-yPryCa3/8MnO3 (y = 0.45) thin films grown on SrTiO3, LaAlO3 and NdGaO3 substrates exhibited comparable biaxial strain while showing markedly dissimilar extrinsic disorder. Compressively strained film on LaAlO3 is found to be free from extrinsic disorder and has a robust insulating phase with small phase separation while film grown on SrTiO3 shows huge extrinsic disorder due to the strain relaxation process which invokes phase separation at a large length scale that is sufficient to cross the percolation threshold and cause a metal-insulator transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dileep K Mishra
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore-452001, India
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40
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Menon P, Rawat R, Saha KK, Roopnaraine T, Khaled A, Bhuiyan MI, Islam MA, Khan MA, Siraj S, Ruel MT. A mixed‐methods process evaluation (PE) using program impact pathway (PIP) highlights the role of demand creation in implementing a market‐based micronutrient powder (MNP) intervention in rural Bangladesh. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.620.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - R Rawat
- Int. Food Policy Res. InstWashingtonDC
| | - KK Saha
- Int. Food Policy Res. InstWashingtonDC
| | | | - A Khaled
- Int. Food Policy Res. InstWashingtonDC
| | | | | | | | | | - MT Ruel
- Int. Food Policy Res. InstWashingtonDC
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41
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Rawat R, Chaddah P, Bag P, Babu PD, Siruguri V. Concentration dependence in kinetic arrest of the first-order magnetic transition in Ta doped HfFe2. J Phys Condens Matter 2013; 25:066011. [PMID: 23315512 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/6/066011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic behavior of the pseudo-binary alloy Hf(1-x)Ta(x)Fe(2) has been studied, for which the zero-field ferromagnetic (FM) to antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition temperature is tuned near to T = 0 K. Our studies show that such composition lies around x = 0.230. Detailed magnetization studies on x = 0.225, 0.230 and 0.235 show thermomagnetic irreversibility at low temperature due to kinetic arrest of the first-order AFM-FM transition. All three compositions studied show a reentrant transition in the zero-field-cooled warming curve and non-monotonic variation of the upper critical field. The region in H-T space where these features of kinetic arrest manifest themselves increases with increasing Ta concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rawat
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Indore, India.
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42
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Singh S, Rawat R, Muthu SE, D'Souza SW, Suard E, Senyshyn A, Banik S, Rajput P, Bhardwaj S, Awasthi AM, Ranjan R, Arumugam S, Schlagel DL, Lograsso TA, Chakrabarti A, Barman SR. Spin-valve-like magnetoresistance in Mn2NiGa at room temperature. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:246601. [PMID: 23368355 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.246601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Spin valves have revolutionized the field of magnetic recording and memory devices. Spin valves are generally realized in thin film heterostructures, where two ferromagnetic (FM) layers are separated by a nonmagnetic conducting layer. Here, we demonstrate spin-valve-like magnetoresistance at room temperature in a bulk ferrimagnetic material that exhibits a magnetic shape memory effect. The origin of this unexpected behavior in Mn(2)NiGa has been investigated by neutron diffraction, magnetization, and ab initio theoretical calculations. The refinement of the neutron diffraction pattern shows the presence of antisite disorder where about 13% of the Ga sites are occupied by Mn atoms. On the basis of the magnetic structure obtained from neutron diffraction and theoretical calculations, we establish that these antisite defects cause the formation of FM nanoclusters with parallel alignment of Mn spin moments in a Mn(2)NiGa bulk lattice that has antiparallel Mn spin moments. The direction of the Mn moments in the soft FM cluster reverses with the external magnetic field. This causes a rotation or tilt in the antiparallel Mn moments at the cluster-lattice interface resulting in the observed asymmetry in magnetoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Singh
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Khandwa Road, Indore 452001, India
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Ganorkar S, Priolkar KR, Sarode PR, Banerjee A, Rawat R, Emura S. Influence of local structure on magnetic properties of layered cobaltites PrBaCo2O(5+δ), δ > 0.5. J Phys Condens Matter 2012; 24:476003. [PMID: 23111124 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/24/47/476003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of local structure on the magnetic and transport properties of the layered perovskites has been investigated. The samples PrBaCo(2)O(5+δ), (δ = 0.80 and 0.67) crystallize in the same 112 type tetragonal structure but have different magnetic ground states. Extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy has been employed to explain the changes in magnetic interactions based on the rotation and tilting of CoO polyhedra in these oxygen-rich double perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ganorkar
- Department of Physics, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa, India
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Rawat R, Chaddah P, Bag P, Das K, Das I. The metal-insulator transition in nanocrystalline Pr0.67Ca0.33MnO3: the correlation between supercooling and kinetic arrest. J Phys Condens Matter 2012; 24:416001. [PMID: 22989915 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/24/41/416001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The transition and hysteresis widths of a disorder broadened first order magnetic transition vary in H-T space which influences the co-existing phase fraction at low temperature arising due to kinetic arrest of the first order transition. We explored the role of change in the relative width of the supercooling/superheating band and kinetic arrest band for a ferromagnetic metallic to antiferromagnetic insulating transition. It is shown that for a correlated kinetic arrest and supercooling bands, the topology of the devitrification curves (or transformation across the (H(K),T(K)) band during warming) changes with the change in the relative width of these two bands. In addition to this, for a broader kinetic arrest band, the transformation temperature across the superheating band under constant H now depends on the arrested phase fraction. These predictions have been tested on nanocrystalline Pr(0.67)Ca(0.33)MnO(3), which is known to show a large variation in hysteresis width in H-T space. This is the first report where correlation between the kinetic arrest band and the supercooling band has been shown experimentally, in contrast to the universal observation of anticorrelation reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rawat
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Indore, India.
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45
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Kushwaha P, Bag P, Rawat R, Chaddah P. First-order antiferro-ferromagnetic transition in Fe(49)(Rh(0.93)Pd(0.07))(51) under simultaneous application of magnetic field and external pressure. J Phys Condens Matter 2012; 24:096005. [PMID: 22323064 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/24/9/096005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A magnetic field-pressure-temperature (H-P-T) phase diagram for first-order antiferromagnetic (AFM) to ferromagnetic (FM) transitions in Fe(49)(Rh(0.93)Pd(0.07))(51) has been constructed using resistivity measurements under simultaneous application of magnetic field (up to 8 T) and pressure (up to 20 kbar). The temperature dependence of resistivity (ρ-T) shows that the width of the transition and the extent of hysteresis decreases with pressure and increases with magnetic field. By exploiting opposing trends of dT(N)/dP and dT(N)/dH (where T(N) is the first-order transition temperature), the relative effects of temperature, magnetic field and pressure on disorder-broadened first-order transitions has been studied. For this, a set of H and P values are chosen for which T(N)(H(1),P(1)) = T(N)(H(2),P(2)). Measurements for such combinations of H and P show that the temperature dependence of resistivity is similar, i.e. the broadening (in temperature) of transition as well as the extent of hysteresis remains independent of H and P. Isothermal magnetoresistance measurements under various constant pressures show that even though the critical field required for AFM-FM transition depends on applied pressure, the extent of hysteresis as well as transition width (in magnetic field) remains constant with varying pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Kushwaha
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Indore-452001, India
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46
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De D, Rawat R, Ram S, Banerjee A, Roy SK. A change from second- to first-order transition in (La(1-x)Eu(x))0.67Ca0.33MnO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2). J Phys Condens Matter 2012; 24:076001. [PMID: 22252017 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/24/7/076001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A detailed investigation of the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic transition in (La(1-x)Eu(x))(0.67)Ca(0.33)MnO(3) having small Eu(3+)-content (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) has been carried out through resistivity and magnetization measurements. X-ray diffraction patterns of the compounds reveal a single phase (La(1-x)Eu(x))(0.67)Ca(0.33)MnO(3) (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) of an orthorhombic crystal structure after annealing the precursor at 800 °C for 2 h in air. With increasing Eu(3+)-content, the second-order transition (at x = 0 and 0.1) changes to first-order at x = 0.2. The experimental results demonstrate thermomagnetic irreversibility of the transition for x = 0.2 composition. This arises between the supercooling and superheating regimes where both the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases coexist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasis De
- Materials Science Centre, IIT Kharagpur, Kharagpur, WB, India
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47
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Sathe VG, Ahlawat A, Rawat R, Chaddah P. Effect of strain on the phase separation and devitrification of the magnetic glass state in thin films of La(5/8-y)Pr(y)Ca(3/8)MnO(3) (y = 0.45). J Phys Condens Matter 2010; 22:176002. [PMID: 21393677 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/17/176002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present our study of the effect of substrate induced strain on La(5/8-y)Pr(y)Ca(3/8)MnO(3) (y = 0.45) thin films grown on LaAlO(3), NdGaO(3) and SrTiO(3) substrates that show large scale phase separation. It is observed that unstrained films grown on NdGaO(3) behave quite similarly to bulk material but the strained films grown on SrTiO(3) show melting of the insulating phase to the metallic phase at low temperatures. However, the large scale phase separation and metastable glass-like state is observed in all the films despite differences in substrate induced strain. The measurements of resistivity as a function of temperature under a cooling and heating in unequal field (CHUF) protocol elucidate the presence of a glass-like metastable phase generated due to kinetic arrest of the first order transformation in all the films. Like structural glasses, these magnetic glass-like phases show evidence of devitrification of the arrested charge order antiferromagnetic insulator (CO-AFI) phase to the equilibrium ferromagnetic metallic (FMM) phase with isothermal increase of magnetic field and/or iso-field warming. These measurements also clearly show the equilibrium ground state of this system to be FMM and the metastable glass-like phase to be AFI phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Sathe
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore-452001, India
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Lakhani A, Kushwaha P, Rawat R, Kumar K, Banerjee A, Chaddah P. Field dependence of temperature induced irreversible transformations of magnetic phases in Pr(0.5)Ca(0.5)Mn(0.975)Al(0.025)O(3) crystalline oxide. J Phys Condens Matter 2010; 22:032101. [PMID: 21386273 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/22/3/032101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Glass-like arrest has recently been reported in various magnetic materials. As in structural glasses, the kinetics of a first order transformation is arrested while retaining the higher entropy phase as a non-ergodic state. We show visual mesoscopic evidence of the irreversible transformation of the arrested antiferromagnetic-insulating phase in Pr(0.5)Ca(0.5)Mn(0.975)Al(0.025)O(3) to its equilibrium ferromagnetic-metallic phase with an isothermal increase of magnetic field, similar to its iso-field transformation on warming. The magnetic field dependence of the non-equilibrium to equilibrium transformation temperature is shown to be governed by Le Chatelier's principle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Lakhani
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore-452017, M.P, India
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Abstract
Magnetoresistance studies on RPd(2)Si (R = Tb, Dy and Lu) compounds show large negative magnetoresistance (MR) in TbPd(2)Si and DyPd(2)Si near the magnetic ordering temperature. Positive MR at low temperature in the ferromagnetic Dy compound is shown to arise from the orbital contribution (the Lorentz force effect). As a consequence, a deviation from the linear relation between MR and isothermal entropy change (i.e. the magnetocaloric effect) is observed. In the case of the Tb compound, anomalous magnetoresistance behavior is observed at 3 K, where the resistivity is found to be different before and after magnetic field cycling. These results suggest complex magnetic behavior in TbPd(2)Si.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rawat
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore-452001, India
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Sathe VG, Rawat R, Dubey A, Narlikar AV, Prabhakaran D. Photo-induced insulator-metal transition probed by Raman spectroscopy. J Phys Condens Matter 2009; 21:075603. [PMID: 21817333 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/7/075603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Strongly correlated electron systems give an opportunity to manipulate charge, orbital, magnetic and structural phases of matter. Here we show that the insulating phase where charges are localized can be delocalized through photo-excitation which, in turn changes the structure locally, inducing an orthorhombic to rhombohedral phase transition. The I-M transition was witnessed for La(1-x)Sr(x)MnO(3) compounds in Raman spectra and photo-induced conduction simultaneously. A simple continuous argon ion laser source was used for optical excitation. The photon energy was 2.53 eV and the power can be chosen anywhere between 5 and 45 mW. Our studies clearly bring out the role of local disorder in the form of Jahn-Teller distortion in the localization of electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- V G Sathe
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore 452017, India
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