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Raza A, Charagh S, Abbas S, Hassan MU, Saeed F, Haider S, Sharif R, Anand A, Corpas FJ, Jin W, Varshney RK. Assessment of proline function in higher plants under extreme temperatures. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2023; 25:379-395. [PMID: 36748909 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change and abiotic stress factors are key players in crop losses worldwide. Among which, extreme temperatures (heat and cold) disturb plant growth and development, reduce productivity and, in severe cases, lead to plant death. Plants have developed numerous strategies to mitigate the detrimental impact of temperature stress. Exposure to stress leads to the accumulation of various metabolites, e.g. sugars, sugar alcohols, organic acids and amino acids. Plants accumulate the amino acid 'proline' in response to several abiotic stresses, including temperature stress. Proline abundance may result from de novo synthesis, hydrolysis of proteins, reduced utilization or degradation. Proline also leads to stress tolerance by maintaining the osmotic balance (still controversial), cell turgidity and indirectly modulating metabolism of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, the crosstalk of proline with other osmoprotectants and signalling molecules, e.g. glycine betaine, abscisic acid, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide, soluble sugars, helps to strengthen protective mechanisms in stressful environments. Development of less temperature-responsive cultivars can be achieved by manipulating the biosynthesis of proline through genetic engineering. This review presents an overview of plant responses to extreme temperatures and an outline of proline metabolism under such temperatures. The exogenous application of proline as a protective molecule under extreme temperatures is also presented. Proline crosstalk and interaction with other molecules is also discussed. Finally, the potential of genetic engineering of proline-related genes is explained to develop 'temperature-smart' plants. In short, exogenous application of proline and genetic engineering of proline genes promise ways forward for developing 'temperature-smart' future crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raza
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, China
| | - S Charagh
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Hangzhou, China
| | - S Abbas
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M U Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - F Saeed
- Department of Agricultural Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey
| | - S Haider
- Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - R Sharif
- Department of Horticulture, School of Horticulture and Landscape, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - A Anand
- Division of Plant Physiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - F J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Spanish National Research Council, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - W Jin
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), Institute of Forestry and Pomology, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - R K Varshney
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
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Nirouei M, Sharif R, Sehat M, Rasouli S, Fayyaz F, Heidarzadeh Arani M. Epidemiology and associated risk factors with allergic rhinitis, acute and chronic rhinosinusitis in Kashan. Revue Française d'Allergologie 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reval.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Ooi TC, Meramat A, Rajab NF, Shahar S, Sharif R. Antioxidant Potential, DNA Damage, Inflammation, Glycemic Control and Lipid Metabolism Alteration: A Mediation Analysis of Islamic Sunnah Intermittent Fasting on Cognitive Function among Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Nutr Health Aging 2022; 26:272-281. [PMID: 35297471 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-022-1757-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to determine the relationship between oxidative stress, DNA damage, inflammation, and metabolic biomarkers as the mediating factor between Islamic Sunnah intermittent fasting (IF) practice and cognitive function among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). DESIGN This study was a 36 months prospective cohort study. SETTING Community-dwelling older participants recruited through a stratified random sampling method from four states representing Malaysia's central, north-west, northeast and southern regions. PARTICIPANTS Ninety-nine Malay Muslim older adults (n= 99) aged 60 and above with MCI and no known critical illnesses were included in the current analysis. The participants were divided into regularly practicing IF (r-IF), irregularly practicing IF (i-IF) and not practicing IF (n-IF) groups. MEASUREMENTS Fasting venous blood was collected and used to determine the levels of oxidative stress, DNA damage, inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers. Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Digit Span and Digit symbol were used to evaluate the cognitive function. Then, the mediation analysis was conducted using a multistep regression model to determine the mediating role of various biomarkers between IF practice and cognitive function. RESULTS When comparing the r-IF and n-IF groups, higher SOD activity, lower DNA damage (percentage of DNA in tail), lower CRP levels and higher HDL-cholesterol levels established partial mediation while lower insulin levels established complete mediation between IF practice and better cognitive function. Meanwhile, when comparing the r-IF and i-IF groups, higher SOD activity and lower CRP levels completely mediated the effects of IF practice on better cognitive function. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that changes in antioxidant function, DNA damage, inflammation and a limited set of metabolic biomarkers (insulin and HDL cholesterol) may mediate improvements in cognitive function among older participants with MCI who practice Islamic Sunnah IF.
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Affiliation(s)
- T C Ooi
- Razinah Sharif, Address: Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness, Faculty of Health Science, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia, Telephone: +603-9289 7459, Email address:
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Priyadarsini S, Whelchel A, Nicholas S, Sharif R, Riaz K, Karamichos D. Diabetic keratopathy: Insights and challenges. Surv Ophthalmol 2020; 65:513-529. [PMID: 32092364 PMCID: PMC8116932 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ocular complications from diabetes mellitus are common. Diabetic keratopathy, the most frequent clinical condition affecting the human cornea, is a potentially sight-threatening condition caused mostly by epithelial disturbances that are of clinical and research attention because of their severity. Diabetic keratopathy exhibits several clinical manifestations, including persistent corneal epithelial erosion, superficial punctate keratopathy, delayed epithelial regeneration, and decreased corneal sensitivity, that may lead to compromised visual acuity or permanent vision loss. The limited amount of clinical studies makes it difficult to fully understand the pathobiology of diabetic keratopathy. Effective therapeutic approaches are elusive. We summarize the clinical manifestations of diabetic keratopathy and discuss available treatments and up-to-date research studies in an attempt to provide a thorough overview of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Priyadarsini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - A Whelchel
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - S Nicholas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - R Sharif
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - K Riaz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - D Karamichos
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
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Chahal A, Sharif R, Watts J, de Andrade J, Luckhardt T, Kim YI, Ramchandran R, Sonavane S. Predicting Outcome in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Addition of Fibrotic Score at Thin-Section CT of the Chest to Gender, Age, and Physiology Score Improves the Prediction Model. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging 2019; 1:e180029. [PMID: 33778502 DOI: 10.1148/ryct.2019180029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To assess the impact of adding thin-section CT-derived semiquantitative fibrotic score to gender, age, and physiology (GAP) model for predicting survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Materials and Methods In this retrospective study of 194 patients with IPF, primary outcome was transplant-free survival. Two thoracic radiologists visually estimated the percentage of reticulation and honeycombing at baseline thin-section CT, which were added to give fibrotic score. For analysis, fibrotic score cutoff (x) determined by using receiver operating characteristic analysis categorized patients into group A (<x) and group B (≥x). Another categorization based on GAP score created group 1 (score 0-3) and group 2 (score >3). Combining the above categories gave four groups (A1, A2, B1, B2). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed with comparison statistics (log-rank test), and hazard ratios were calculated by using the Cox model. Results The study patients included 141 men (72.7%), with average age of 66.1 years ± 9.1 (standard deviation). Eighty-four patients (43.3%) has stage I disease with a median follow up of 3.3 years. The interobserver agreement for thin-section CT fibrotic score was substantial (83.3%; κ = 0.64). The optimal cutoff for fibrotic score was 25% (x), with area under the curve of 0.654 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.569, 0.74). Survival for group A1 was significantly better than in the other three groups (P < .001). The hazard ratios for respective groups were as follows: B1 was 4.03 (95% CI: 2.02, 8.07), A2 was 4.10 (95% CI: 1.89, 8.87), and B2 was 5.62 (95% CI: 2.86, 11.06) (P < .001 for all). Within the group with GAP score less than or equal to 3 (A1, B1), participants with higher fibrotic score (B1) had four times the increased risk of death or transplantation (P < .001). Conclusion Incorporating semiquantitative fibrotic score from thin-section CT to GAP score provides an improved prediction model for survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.© RSNA, 2019See also the commentary by Chung in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Chahal
- Department of Radiology, Cardiopulmonary Section (A.C., J.W., S.S.), Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine (R.S., J.d.A., T.L., Y.I.K., R.R.), and Division of Preventive Medicine (Y.I.K., R.R.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, 619 19th St S, Birmingham AL 35249; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Houston, Tex (R.S.); and Radiology of Huntsville, Huntsville, Ala (J.W.)
| | - Roozbeh Sharif
- Department of Radiology, Cardiopulmonary Section (A.C., J.W., S.S.), Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine (R.S., J.d.A., T.L., Y.I.K., R.R.), and Division of Preventive Medicine (Y.I.K., R.R.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, 619 19th St S, Birmingham AL 35249; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Houston, Tex (R.S.); and Radiology of Huntsville, Huntsville, Ala (J.W.)
| | - Jubal Watts
- Department of Radiology, Cardiopulmonary Section (A.C., J.W., S.S.), Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine (R.S., J.d.A., T.L., Y.I.K., R.R.), and Division of Preventive Medicine (Y.I.K., R.R.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, 619 19th St S, Birmingham AL 35249; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Houston, Tex (R.S.); and Radiology of Huntsville, Huntsville, Ala (J.W.)
| | - Joao de Andrade
- Department of Radiology, Cardiopulmonary Section (A.C., J.W., S.S.), Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine (R.S., J.d.A., T.L., Y.I.K., R.R.), and Division of Preventive Medicine (Y.I.K., R.R.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, 619 19th St S, Birmingham AL 35249; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Houston, Tex (R.S.); and Radiology of Huntsville, Huntsville, Ala (J.W.)
| | - Tracy Luckhardt
- Department of Radiology, Cardiopulmonary Section (A.C., J.W., S.S.), Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine (R.S., J.d.A., T.L., Y.I.K., R.R.), and Division of Preventive Medicine (Y.I.K., R.R.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, 619 19th St S, Birmingham AL 35249; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Houston, Tex (R.S.); and Radiology of Huntsville, Huntsville, Ala (J.W.)
| | - Young-Il Kim
- Department of Radiology, Cardiopulmonary Section (A.C., J.W., S.S.), Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine (R.S., J.d.A., T.L., Y.I.K., R.R.), and Division of Preventive Medicine (Y.I.K., R.R.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, 619 19th St S, Birmingham AL 35249; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Houston, Tex (R.S.); and Radiology of Huntsville, Huntsville, Ala (J.W.)
| | - Rekha Ramchandran
- Department of Radiology, Cardiopulmonary Section (A.C., J.W., S.S.), Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine (R.S., J.d.A., T.L., Y.I.K., R.R.), and Division of Preventive Medicine (Y.I.K., R.R.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, 619 19th St S, Birmingham AL 35249; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Houston, Tex (R.S.); and Radiology of Huntsville, Huntsville, Ala (J.W.)
| | - Sushilkumar Sonavane
- Department of Radiology, Cardiopulmonary Section (A.C., J.W., S.S.), Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine (R.S., J.d.A., T.L., Y.I.K., R.R.), and Division of Preventive Medicine (Y.I.K., R.R.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, 619 19th St S, Birmingham AL 35249; Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital and Weill Cornell School of Medicine, Houston, Tex (R.S.); and Radiology of Huntsville, Huntsville, Ala (J.W.)
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Mok W, Sharif R, Poh B, Wee L, Reilly J, Ruzita A. Sustainability of Childhood Obesity Interventions: A Systematic Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2019.603.614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Burns EA, Ahmed A, Sunkara A, Khan U, Sharif R, Abdelrahim M, Reardon M, Trachtenberg B. Primary cardiac angiosarcoma diagnosed in the first trimester of pregnancy. Ecancermedicalscience 2019; 13:922. [PMID: 31281419 PMCID: PMC6546259 DOI: 10.3332/ecancer.2019.922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary cardiac angiosarcoma (PCAS) is a malignancy seldom seen in pregnancy. A 23-year-old G1P0 Chinese female was found to have PCAS during her first trimester when she presented with tamponade physiology. The transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) results did not indicate the presence of an intracardiac lesion, and pericardial fluid cytology analysis showed no evidence of malignancy. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) exhibited a right atrial mass, and tissue biopsy indicated a high-grade angiosarcoma. MRI of the abdomen was suggestive of liver metastasis. She underwent an abortion and was started on combination chemotherapy, with a reduction in both the cardiac and liver masses. In cardiac angiosarcomas, advanced imaging modalities such as MRI should be utilised when there is high clinical suspicion or in the case of pregnancy when trying to minimise foetal harm. Prognosis is poor, and a standardised treatment protocol regardless of pregnancy continues to elude the medical community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan A Burns
- Internal Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amna Ahmed
- Internal Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anusha Sunkara
- Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Usman Khan
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Reardon
- Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Barry Trachtenberg
- Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Paul TK, Banu PA, Alam MSS, Sharif R, Rukhsana N, Monower MM. The overview of cancer patients attending in a specialized hospital: A cross sectional study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 41:95-100. [PMID: 29624288 DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v41i2.29990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
According to National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital most frequently observed cancers in Bangladeshi population are lungs, breast, cervix, lymph node, esophagus, larynx and stomach. The point of epidemiological background, the rate of incidence and mortality are likely unavailable due to lack of population based cancer registry system in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2003 to 2012 with an aim to describe trends and pattern of cancer cases attended a specialized hospital in Dhaka city. A total of 29,999 cancer cases was enrolled and among them the male and female ratio was 1.2:1. The study revealed that around half of the patients attended from Dhaka division, followed by Chittagong division (22.9%) and Sylhet division (8.8%). According to the organ involvement most frequently reported malignancies in males were lung cancer (24.2%), followed by eight percent larynx cancer and six percent lymph node cancer, whereas in females were breast cancer (27.5%), followed by cervix cancer (19.5%) and five percent lung cancer. It has been found that the system involvement was observed of cancers among male's respifatory system (33.5%) followed by the digestive organs (20.0%) and oral cavity (14.2%) whereas in females were reproductive organs (26.3%), followed by fourteen percent digestive organs and eight percent oral cancer. The overall cancer trend showed a gradual rise of cancer cases in both sexes. The rate was higher in females rather than male. Without the availability of population based registries, incidence and mortality figures; studies like the present one may provide useful leads for health planning and future exploration.
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Sharif R, Zouk A, O'Conner J, deAndrade J. Factors Correlate With Early Palliative Care Timing Among Critically Ill Patients With Chronic Lung Disease. Chest 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.08.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Sharif R. Overview of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and evidence-based guidelines. Am J Manag Care 2017; 23:S176-S182. [PMID: 28978212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive form of interstitial lung disease (ILD), characterized by fibrosis and worsening lung function, that primarily occurs in those 50 years and older. Various causes including genetic susceptibility, environmental risk factors, and exposures have been suggested in the literature. All of these cause repetitive micro-injury to the lung tissue and vasculature, which triggers a cascade of inflammatory response and fibrosis. Symptoms are nonspecific and most patients present several years after the initial radiographic changes occur. Diagnosis requires a high index of clinical suspicion supported by distinct radiographic and/or histopathologic findings. Median survival is estimated at between 2 and 3 years after diagnosis. Other than lung transplantation, no treatment has shown survival benefit. Two most recently approved medications for IPF, pirfenidone and nintedanib, can slow disease progression. Most patients have several comorbid conditions that can affect the course of their disease, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, obstructive sleep apnea, cardiomyopathy, and pulmonary hypertension. Observational studies suggested possible benefits in transplant-free survival and patients' outcomes with these medications. In addition to the new treatment options and optimal management of the comorbidities in patients with IPF, pulmonary rehabilitation remains a critical part of management and has been shown to improve quality of life and functional level. Considering the complexity of the diagnosis and management, the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society published a joint statement on diagnosis and treatment of IPF. This article provides an overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and guideline-recommended approaches for the diagnosis and management of IPF.
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Haddadzadeh Shoushtari M, Mousavi SA, Raji H, Foroozan A, Borsi SH, Eidani E, Afrakhteh S, Assarehzadegan MA, Masoumi K, Sharif R. Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness Among Patients Presented to the University Emergency Departments in Ahvaz, Iran: Impact of Ecosystem on Human Life? Chest 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2016.08.1036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Sharif R, Zouk A, Kulkarni T, Acosta P, Duncan S, Luckhardt T, Thannickal V, de Andrade JA. Cost of Hospitalization Among Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Patterns and Predictors. Chest 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2016.08.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Abstract
Cognitive impairments are often related to aging and micronutrient deficiencies. Various essential micronutrients in the diet are involved in age-altered biological functions such as, zinc, copper, iron, and selenium that play pivotal roles either in maintaining and reinforcing the antioxidant performances or in affecting the complex network of genes (nutrigenomic approach) involved in encoding proteins for biological functions. Genomic stability is one of the leading causes of cognitive decline and deficiencies or excess in trace elements are two of the factors relating to it. In this review, we report and discuss the role of micronutrients in cognitive impairment in relation to genomic stability in an aging population. Telomere integrity will also be discussed in relation to aging and cognitive impairment, as well as, the micronutrients related to these events. This review will provide an understanding on how these three aspects can relate with each other and why it is important to keep a homeostasis of micronutrients in relation to healthy aging. Micronutrient deficiencies and aging process can lead to genomic instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meramat
- Dr Razinah Sharif, Email address: razinah.fsk.ukm.my, Telephone: +603-9289 7459, Fax number: +60326947621
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Sharif R, Parekh TM, Pierson KS, Kuo YF, Sharma G. Predictors of early readmission among patients 40 to 64 years of age hospitalized for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2014; 11:685-94. [PMID: 24784958 PMCID: PMC4225809 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201310-358oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Various causes can contribute to the high rates of readmission among patients hospitalized with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). OBJECTIVES To determine the frequency and predictors of early readmission among patients aged 40-64 years, hospitalized with COPD. METHODS In a retrospective cohort study, using a large national commercial insurance database, we obtained the clinical information within 12 months of the index hospitalization and 30 days after discharge. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Primary outcome was early readmission, defined as hospitalization within 30 days of discharge. We categorized predictor variables as patient, provider, and system factors, and compared these variables between patients readmitted and those not readmitted. Logistic regression was used for multivariable analysis. Of 8,263 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 741 (8.9%) had early readmission. Multivariable analysis showed patient factors (male, history of heart failure, lung cancer, osteoporosis, and depression), provider factors (no prior prescription of statin within 12 mo of the index hospitalization and no prescription of short-acting bronchodilator, oral steroid and antibiotic on discharge), and system factors (length of stay, <2 or >5 d and lack of follow-up visit after discharge) were associated with early readmission among patients hospitalized with COPD. The C-statistic of the model including patient characteristics was 0.677 (95% confidence interval, 0.656-0.697), which was improved to 0.717 (95% confidence interval, 0.702-0.732) after addition of provider- and system-based factors. CONCLUSIONS One of 11 patients hospitalized with COPD is readmitted within 30 days of discharge. Provider and system factors are important modifiable risk factors of early readmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roozbeh Sharif
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
| | | | | | - Yong-Fang Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Sealy Center on Aging, and
| | - Gulshan Sharma
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care,
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston,
Texas
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Salameh H, Sharif R, Larson SA, Parupudi S. Duodenal perforation, vertebral body perforation, and aortic abutment after placement of retrievable inferior vena caval filter. Endoscopy 2014; 45 Suppl 2 UCTN:E278-9. [PMID: 24008465 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1344323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Salameh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0764, United States of America
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Sharif R, Parekh T, Kuo YF, Sharma G. Predictors of Early Readmission Among Patients Hospitalized With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Chest 2014. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1722770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Wygoda M, Wygoda A, Bibas A, Schwob N, Adika N, Sharif R, Shoshan Y. PD-0520: A comparative study between radiation induced- and sporadic meningiomas treated with linac based radiosurgery. Radiother Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)30626-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Draeger HT, Assassi S, Sharif R, Gonzalez EB, Harper BE, Arnett FC, Manzoor A, Lange RA, Mayes MD. Right bundle branch block: a predictor of mortality in early systemic sclerosis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78808. [PMID: 24205321 PMCID: PMC3814983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the prognostic significance of baseline electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities in a multiethnic cohort of patients with early systemic sclerosis (SSc) and to determine the serological, clinical, and echocardiogram correlates of ECG findings. Methods SSc patients with disease duration of≤5 years were enrolled in the GENISOS (Genetics versus Environment in Scleroderma Outcome Study) cohort. At the first visit, a standard 12 lead ECG was obtained along with demographic information, clinical data, and autoantibodies. The results of echocardiograms were also recorded. All ECGs were interpreted by a cardiologist unaware of the patients' clinical data. Results Of 265 SSc patients with average disease duration at enrollment of 2.5 years, 140 (52.8%) had abnormal ECG findings. These findings were not associated with SSc disease type or autoantibody profile but were associated with more severe heart and lung involvement. A total of 75 patients (28.3%) died over a follow up time of 9.9 years. Complete right bundle branch block (± left anterior hemiblock) on ECG, present in 7 (2.6%) patients, predicted a higher risk of mortality (HR: 5.3; 95% CI: 2.1 to 13.4; p<0.001). The predictive significance of right bundle branch block was independent of age at enrollment, gender, ethnicity and risk factors for coronary artery disease. Conclusion ECG abnormalities are common in patients with early SSc and are associated with the severity of lung and heart involvement. Right bundle branch block is an independent predictor of mortality, and should be considered a marker of disease severity in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilda T. Draeger
- Division of Rheumatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Shervin Assassi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Roozbeh Sharif
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Emilio B. Gonzalez
- University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Brock E. Harper
- University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Frank C. Arnett
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ameena Manzoor
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Richard A. Lange
- Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Maureen D. Mayes
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
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Merz EL, Malcarne VL, Roesch SC, Sharif R, Harper BE, Draeger HT, Gonzalez EB, Nair DK, McNearney TA, Assassi S, Mayes MD. Measuring illness behavior in patients with systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2013; 65:585-93. [PMID: 23097280 DOI: 10.1002/acr.21874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Illness behaviors (cognitive, affective, and behavioral reactions) among individuals with systemic sclerosis (SSc; scleroderma) are of clinical concern due to relationships between these behaviors and physical and mental quality of life, such as pain and symptoms of depression. Self-report measures with good psychometric properties can aid in the accurate assessment of illness behavior. The Illness Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ) was designed to measure abnormal illness behaviors; however, despite its longstanding use, there is disagreement regarding its subscales. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the validity of the IBQ in a cohort of patients with SSc. METHODS Patients with SSc (n = 278) completed the IBQ at enrollment into the Genetics Versus Environment in Scleroderma Outcome Study. Structural validity of previously derived factor solutions was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis. Exploratory factor analysis was utilized to derive SSc-specific subscales. RESULTS None of the previously derived structural models were supported for SSc patients. Exploratory factor analysis supported an SSc-specific factor structure with 5 subscales. Validity analyses suggested that the subscales were generally independent of disease severity, but were correlated with other health outcomes (i.e., fatigue, pain, disability, social support, and mental health). CONCLUSION The proposed subscales are recommended for use in SSc, and can be utilized to capture illness behavior that may be of clinical concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Merz
- San Diego State University, San Diego, California, and University of California, San Diego, CA 92120-4913, USA
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Hashemi-Sadraei N, Sharif R, Machicado J, Dahiya S, Ahluwalia MS. Risk factors for venous thromboembolism in elderly patients with glioblastoma. J Clin Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e13031 Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in glioblastoma (GBM) patients. Physicians are reluctant to administer anticoagulants to GBM patients with VTE, particularly to the elderly patients. Methods: After obtaining IRB approval, the Cleveland Clinic Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center’s database was used to identify patients with histologically confirmed GBM who were diagnosed with VTE and were ≥65 years of age at the time of diagnosis of GBM. Bivariate comparison of demographic and clinical features was performed by occurrence of DVT, using t-test for continuous data and fishers exact test for categorical variables. Multivariate proportional hazard model was developed adjusting for number of comorbidities (none, 1, 2-3, >3), Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) at presentation (>70, ≤70), age (>75, ≤75), race, treatment (chemotherapy, radiation therapy, tumor resection). All p-values were 2-sided and were considered significant when <0.005. Results: Chart records of 517 patients diagnosed between 1990 and 2010 were included for analysis. Among 517 cases, 99 patients (54% male, median age at presentation 72 years, range 65-92 years) developed VTE. Median follow-up was 6.58 ± 9.58 months. Eighty-nine (90.8%) cases were diagnosed within 3 months of craniotomy. On univariable analysis, risk factors for VTE included lower KPS (HR 0.98, CI 0.96– 0.99, p = 0.001), thalamic tumors (HR 3.11, CI 1.14– 8.50, p = 0.027), and lower extremity paresis (HR 2.24, CI 1.46-3.46, p < 0.0001). Caucasian patients had a lower trend for developing VTE, however this was not statistically significant. On multivariable analysis, lower KPS was found to be related with higher incidence of VTE (HR 0.35, CI 0.18 – 0.66, p = 0.001). Conclusions: Lower KPS is associated with higher incidence of VTE. Further studies are needed to determine risk stratification and whether the use of medical prophylaxis after neurosurgical intervention can lead to decrease in the rates of VTE in elderly GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jorge Machicado
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
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Khalife W, Vivo R, Nalabothu P, Garikipati S, Johnson S, Kislingbury K, Sharif R, Charif A. Higher Donor Body Mass Index Is Associated with Higher Risk of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2013.01.528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Sharif R, Khan A, Mutnuri S, Stafford J, Acharya GK, Kohli A, Morsy M, Kuo YF, Khalife W. IMPACT OF GLYCEMIC CONTROL ON THE LEFT VENTRICLE DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION AMONG PATIENTS WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION: DOES TYPE OF MEDICAL THERAPY PLAY A ROLE? J Am Coll Cardiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(13)60679-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hung EW, Mayes MD, Sharif R, Assassi S, Machicao VI, Hosing C, St Clair EW, Furst DE, Khanna D, Forman S, Mineishi S, Phillips K, Seibold JR, Bredeson C, Csuka ME, Nash RA, Wener MH, Simms R, Ballen K, Leclercq S, Storek J, Goldmuntz E, Welch B, Keyes-Elstein L, Castina S, Crofford LJ, Mcsweeney P, Sullivan KM. Gastric antral vascular ectasia and its clinical correlates in patients with early diffuse systemic sclerosis in the SCOT trial. J Rheumatol 2013; 40:455-60. [PMID: 23418384 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.121087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence and clinical correlates of endoscopic gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE; "watermelon stomach") in early diffuse systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS Subjects with early, diffuse SSc and evidence of specific internal organ involvement were considered for the Scleroderma: Cyclophosphamide Or Transplant (SCOT) trial. In the screening procedures, all patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Patients were then categorized into those with or without endoscopic evidence of GAVE. Demographic data, clinical disease characteristics, and autoantibody data were compared using Pearson chi-square or Student t tests. RESULTS Twenty-three of 103 (22.3%) individuals were found to have GAVE on endoscopy. Although not statistically significant, anti-topoisomerase I (anti-Scl70) was detected less frequently among those with GAVE (18.8% vs 44.7%; p = 0.071). Similarly, anti-RNP antibodies (anti-U1 RNP) showed a trend to a negative association with GAVE (0 vs 18.4%; p = 0.066). There was no association between anti-RNA polymerase III and GAVE. Patients with GAVE had significantly more erythema or vascular ectasias in other parts of the stomach (26.1% vs 5.0%; p = 0.003). CONCLUSION Endoscopic GAVE was present on screening in almost one-fourth of these highly selected patients with early and severe diffuse SSc. While anti-Scl70 and anti-U1 RNP trended toward a negative association with GAVE, there was no correlation between anti-RNA Pol III and GAVE. Patients with GAVE had a higher frequency of other gastric vascular ectasias outside the antrum, suggesting that GAVE may represent part of the spectrum of the vasculopathy in SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily W Hung
- Rheumatology Associates of Houston, Division of Northwest Diagnostic Clinic, Houston, Texas, USA
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Sharma G, Sharif R, Cuevas C, Wang Y. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Management in Ambulatory Clinics. How Well Are We Doing. Chest 2012. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.1390492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Delpassand ES, Samarghandi A, Mourtada JS, Zamanian S, Espenan GD, Sharif R, MacKenzie S, Kosari K, Barakat O, Naqvi S, Seng JE, Anthony L. Long-Term Survival, Toxicity Profile, and role of F-18 FDG PET/CT scan in Patients with Progressive Neuroendocrine Tumors Following Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy with High Activity In-111 Pentetreotide. Theranostics 2012; 2:472-80. [PMID: 22737186 PMCID: PMC3364554 DOI: 10.7150/thno.3739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 01/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To study the long term benefits, toxicity and survival rate in patients with neuroendocrine tumors receiving multiple cycles of high activity In-111 Pentetreotide therapy. Moreover, our secondary aim was to evaluate the value of F-18 FDG PET-CT scan as prognostic indicator in this group of patients. Background: Neuroendocrine tumors are a heterogeneous group of malignancies which are usually metastatic at diagnosis. Standard chemotherapy in these patients is associated with appreciable adverse events and low effectiveness. Since 1990s, Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with radio-labeled somatostatin analogues has been introduced as a new method of treatment in patients with unresectable and/or metastatic neuroendocrine tumors expressing high levels of Somatostatin receptors. Methods: 112 patients with progressive disseminated and unresectable neuroendocrine tumor (stage III and stage IV) were enrolled in a non-randomized trial in an out-patient setting. High activity In-111 Pentetreotide (500 mCi (18.5 GBq) per cycle) was administered as an intravenous infusion over 3 hours and repeated therapy cycles every 9-12 weeks in eligible patients up to maximum of 4 cycles. Response to therapy was evaluated by clinical imaging using the RECIST criteria, metabolic criteria and patient's quality of life questionnaire. Dosimetry and biodistribution studies were also performed. Finally, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed for patients followed for greater than 12 months. The relationship between pretreatment F-18 FDG PET-CT scan status and survival was determined by two-tailed Student's t-test in 42 patients who underwent pre-therapy PET scans. Results: For an average of 25 (median 18.65) months following the therapy, patients were evaluated for any evidence of toxicity. No significant acute toxicity was observed in patients. Grade II or III hematological toxicity (7.6% of patients), liver toxicity (18.4%) and also grade I renal toxicity (6.1%) was observed in 92 evaluable patients. Radiological responses were evaluated for an average of 29 months following their last cycle of therapy and results were analyzed by the RECIST criteria. Majority (85%) of patients had stable disease (SD), partial response (PR) rate was 7.5% and progressive disease (PD) was observed in 7.5% of patients. The average survival was 24.67 months after 2 cycles of therapy, 30.53 months after 3 cycles of therapy and 30.19 months after 4 cycles of therapy. Of the 42 patients who had pretreatment PET-CT imaging, 31 patients had positive F-18 FDG scans (SUV > 2.5) with an average survival time of 18.9 months (range 1.4-45.8 months) and 11 patients had negative F-18 FDG scans (SUV ≤ 2.5) with an average survival time of 31.8 months (range 7.4-42.9 months). Survival times for FDG negative patients were significantly longer than those for FDG positive patients (p = 0.001 with 95% confidence). Conclusion: High activity In-111 therapy is a safe and effective therapy for patients with progressive disseminated neuroendocrine tumors. No major hematological, renal and hepatic toxicities were observed. There was an increase in survival time particularly in patients with lower degree of liver involvement as well as patients who received three or more cycles of therapy, as compared to historical data. Pre-treatment FDG status may be a predictor of survival following In-111 pentetreotide therapy.
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Sharif R, Mayes MD, Tan FK, Gorlova OY, Hummers LK, Shah AA, Furst DE, Khanna D, Martin J, Bossini-Castillo L, Gonzalez EB, Ying J, Draeger HT, Agarwal SK, Reveille JD, Arnett FC, Wigley FM, Assassi S. IRF5 polymorphism predicts prognosis in patients with systemic sclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis 2012; 71:1197-202. [PMID: 22440820 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-200901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The first genome-wide association study (GWAS) of systemic sclerosis (SSc) demonstrated three non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) susceptibility loci. The goal of this study was to investigate the impact of these gene variants on survival and severity of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in SSc. METHODS The authors examined 1443 Caucasian SSc patients enrolled in the Genetics versus Environment In Scleroderma Outcome Study (GENISOS) and Scleroderma Family Registry (n = 914 - discovery cohort) and The Johns Hopkins Scleroderma Cohort (n = 529 - replication cohort). Forced vital capacity (FVC)% predicted was used as a surrogate for ILD severity. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms, IRF5 (rs10488631, rs12537284, rs4728142), STAT4 (rs3821236), CD247 (rs2056626) reached genome-wide significance in the SSc-GWAS and were examined in the current study. RESULTS Overall, 15.5% of the patients had died over the follow-up period of 5.5 years. The IRF5 rs4728142 minor allele was predictive of longer survival in the discovery cohort (p = 0.021) and in the independent replication cohort (p = 0.047) and combined group (HR: 0.75, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.90, p = 0.002). The association of this SNP with survival was independent of age at disease onset, disease type and autoantibody profile (anticentromere and antitopoisomerase antibodies). The minor allele frequency of IRF5 rs4728142 was 49.4%. Moreover, IRF5 rs4728142 minor allele correlated with higher FVC% predicted at enrolment (p = 0.019). Finally, the IRF5 rs4728142 minor allele was associated with lower IRF5 transcript expression in patients and controls (p = 0.016 and p = 0.034, respectively), suggesting that the IRF5, rs4728142 SNP, may be functionally relevant. CONCLUSION An SNP in the IRF5 promoter region (rs4728142), associated with lower IRF5 transcript levels, was predictive of longer survival and milder ILD in patients with SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roozbeh Sharif
- Division of Rheumatology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Berezne A, Seror R, Bussone G, Nguyen C, Morell-Dubois S, Fois E, Guillevin L, Mouthon L, Mouthon L, Carpentier P, Khau Van Kien A, Clerson P, Maillard H, Hachulla E, Frances C, Diot E, Lok C, Puzenat E, Sparsa A, Berezne A, Gressin V, Richard MA, Saketkoo LA, Escorpizo R, Keen K, Fligelstone K, Distler O, Assassi S, Leyva A, Mayes M, Sharif R, Nair D, Fischbach M, Nguyen N, Reveille J, Gonzalez E, McNearney T, Riccieri V, Sciarra I, Maset L, Passi L, Stefanantoni K, Vasile M, Scarno A, Spadaro A. S.11.1 Influence of digital ulcer healing on disability and daily activity limitations in SSc. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ker485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Moore O, Goh N, Corte T, Rouse H, Hennessy O, Byron J, Thakkar V, Sahhar J, Roddy J, Youssef P, Nash P, Zochling J, Proudman S, Stevens W, Nikpour M, Moore O, Goh N, Corte T, Rouse H, Hennessy O, Byron J, Thakkar V, Sahhar J, Roddy J, Youssef P, Nash P, Zochling J, Proudman S, Stevens W, Nikpour M, Tourkina E, Dyer S, Reese C, Oates JC, Hofbauer A, Bonner M, Visconti RP, Zhang J, Silver RM, Hoffman S, Liu X, Mayes M, Tan F, Harper B, Gonzalez E, Draeger H, Sharif R, Reveille J, Arnett F, Assassi S, Bogatkevich G, Akter T, Atanelishvili I, Liang J, Spyropoulos D, Silver R. S.2.1 Identifying and quantifying prognostic factors in SSc-related interstitial lung disease using a time-varying covariate survival model. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ker468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Zhou X, Lin W, Tan FK, Assassi S, Fritzler MJ, Guo X, Sharif R, Xia T, Lai S, Arnett FC. Decreased catalytic function with altered sumoylation of DNA topoisomerase I in the nuclei of scleroderma fibroblasts. Arthritis Res Ther 2011; 13:R128. [PMID: 21827649 PMCID: PMC3239368 DOI: 10.1186/ar3435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 06/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sumoylation is involved in nucleolus-nucleoplasm transport of DNA topoisomerase I (topo I), which may associate with changes of cellular and topo I functions. Skin fibroblasts of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) exhibit profibrotic cellular changes. The aims of this study were to examine the catalytic function and sumoylation of topo I in the nuclei of SSc fibroblasts, a major cell type involved in the fibrotic process. Methods Eleven pairs of fibroblast strains obtained from nonlesional skin biopsies of SSc patients and age/sex/ethnicity-matched normal controls were examined for catalytic function of nuclear topo I. Immunoprecipitation (IP)-Western blots were used to examine sumoylation of fibroblast topo I. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to measure transcript levels of SUMO1 and COL1A2 in the fibroblasts. Results Topo I in nuclear extracts of SSc fibroblasts generally showed a significantly lower efficiency than that of normal fibroblasts in relaxing equivalent amounts of supercoiled DNA. Increased sumoylation of topo I was clearly observed in 7 of 11 SSc fibroblast strains. Inhibition of SUMO1 with SUMO1 siRNA improved the catalytic efficiency of topo I in the SSc fibroblasts. In contrast, sumoylation of recombinant topo I proteins reduced their catalytic function. Conclusions The catalytic function of topo I was decreased in SSc fibroblasts, to which increased sumoylation of topo I may contribute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zhou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Sharif R, Fritzler MJ, Mayes MD, Gonzalez EB, McNearney TA, Draeger H, Baron M, Furst DE, Khanna DK, del Junco DJ, Molitor JA, Schiopu E, Phillips K, Seibold JR, Silver RM, Simms RW, Perry M, Rojo C, Charles J, Zhou X, Agarwal SK, Reveille JD, Assassi S, Arnett FC. Anti-fibrillarin antibody in African American patients with systemic sclerosis: immunogenetics, clinical features, and survival analysis. J Rheumatol 2011; 38:1622-30. [PMID: 21572159 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.110071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anti-U3-RNP, or anti-fibrillarin antibodies (AFA), are detected more frequently among African American (AA) patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) compared to other ethnic groups and are associated with distinct clinical features. We examined the immunogenetic, clinical, and survival correlates of AFA in a large group of AA patients with SSc. METHODS Overall, 278 AA patients with SSc and 328 unaffected AA controls were enrolled from 3 North American cohorts. Clinical features, autoantibody profile, and HLA class II genotyping were determined. To compare clinical manifestations, relevant clinical features were adjusted for disease duration. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to determine the effect of AFA on survival. RESULTS Fifty (18.5%) AA patients had AFA. After Bonferroni correction, HLA-DRB1*08:04 was associated with AFA, compared to unaffected AA controls (OR 11.5, p < 0.0001) and AFA-negative SSc patients (OR 5.2, p = 0.0002). AFA-positive AA patients had younger age of disease onset, higher frequency of digital ulcers, diarrhea, pericarditis, higher Medsger perivascular and lower Medsger lung severity indices (p = 0.004, p = 0.014, p = 0.019, p = 0.092, p = 0.006, and p = 0.016, respectively). After adjustment for age at enrollment, AFA-positive patients did not have different survival compared to patients without AFA (p = 0.493). CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate strong association between AFA and HLA-DRB1*08:04 allele in AA patients with SSc. AA SSc patients with AFA had younger age of onset, higher frequency of digital ulcers, pericarditis and severe lower gastrointestinal involvement, but less severe lung involvement compared to AA patients without AFA. Presence of AFA did not change survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roozbeh Sharif
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunogenetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Sharif R, Mayes MD, Nicassio PM, Gonzalez EB, Draeger H, McNearney TA, Estrada-Y-Martin RM, Nair DK, Reveille JD, Arnett FC, Assassi S. Determinants of work disability in patients with systemic sclerosis: a longitudinal study of the GENISOS cohort. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2011; 41:38-47. [PMID: 21429562 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Revised: 01/01/2011] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence, correlates, and predictors of work disability (WD) in the Genetics versus ENvironment In Scleroderma Outcome Study (GENISOS). We hypothesized that WD in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a function of demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors. METHODS Patients enrolled in the GENISOS cohort were subdivided in 3 groups: work disabled, working, and retired or homemakers. The latter group (n = 29) was excluded from further analysis. We used logistic regression analysis with a forward hierarchical variable selection strategy to investigate the independent correlates of WD at enrollment. Cox regression proportional Hazard's model with a similar variable selection strategy was utilized to determine the predictors of WD in those working at enrollment. RESULTS Overall, 284 patients with a mean age of 48.7 years and disease duration of 2.5 (±1.6) years were enrolled into the GENISOS cohort, consisting of 83.5% female, 46.8% white, 28.9% Hispanic, and 20.4% African American. Patients were longitudinally followed in 1438 study visits. At enrollment, 124 patients (43.7%) were work disabled, whereas 131 (46.1%) were working. Lower level of education (P < 0.001), higher Medsger Lung Severity Index (P = 0.012), higher Fatigue Severity Score (P = 0.008), and less social support (P < 0.001) correlated independently with WD. Of those working at baseline, 35 (26.7%) eventually developed WD. Non-white ethnicity (P = 0.038), lower DLCO % predicted value (P = 0.038), and higher Fatigue Severity Score (P = 0.009) at enrollment independently predicted WD on follow-up visits. CONCLUSIONS WD is a major problem among SSc patients and its prevalence is substantially higher than other rheumatic conditions. Demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors correlate with WD cross-sectionally and predict WD longitudinally in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roozbeh Sharif
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunogenetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Assassi S, Reveille JD, Arnett FC, Weisman MH, Ward MM, Agarwal SK, Gourh P, Bhula J, Sharif R, Sampat K, Mayes MD, Tan FK. Whole-blood gene expression profiling in ankylosing spondylitis shows upregulation of toll-like receptor 4 and 5. J Rheumatol 2010; 38:87-98. [PMID: 20952467 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.100469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to identify differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood cells (PBC) of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) relative to healthy controls and controls with systemic inflammation. METHODS we investigated PBC samples of 16 patients with AS and 14 matched controls, in addition to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) samples utilizing Illumina Human Ref-8 BeadChips. Candidate genes were confirmed using quantitative PCR. Subsequently, these genes were also validated in a separate sample of 27 patients with AS [before and after anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) treatment] and 27 matched controls. RESULTS we identified 83 differentially expressed transcripts between AS patients and controls. This gene list was filtered through the lists of differentially expressed transcripts in SLE and SSc, which resulted in identification of 52 uniquely dysregulated transcripts in AS. Many of the differentially expressed genes belonged to Toll-like receptor (TLR) and related pathways. TLR4 and TLR5 were the only dysregulated TLR subtypes among AS patients. We confirmed the overexpression of TLR4 and TLR5 in AS patients in comparison to controls (p = 0.012 and p = 0.006, respectively) and SLE (p = 0.002, p = 0.008) using quantitative PCR in the same sample. Similarly, TLR4 (p = 0.007) and TLR5 (p = 0.012) were significantly upregulated among the AS patients before anti-TNF treatment in the confirmatory sample. TLR4 (p = 0.002) and TLR5 (p = 0.025) decreased significantly after anti-TNF treatment. CONCLUSION PBC gene expression profiling in AS shows an upregulation of TLR4 and TLR5. This supports the importance of TLR subtypes in the pathogenesis of AS that are responsible for the immune response to Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Assassi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Assassi S, Sharif R, Lasky RE, McNearney TA, Estrada-Y-Martin RM, Draeger H, Nair DK, Fritzler MJ, Reveille JD, Arnett FC, Mayes MD. Predictors of interstitial lung disease in early systemic sclerosis: a prospective longitudinal study of the GENISOS cohort. Arthritis Res Ther 2010; 12:R166. [PMID: 20813056 PMCID: PMC2990992 DOI: 10.1186/ar3125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2010] [Revised: 08/13/2010] [Accepted: 09/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of the present study was to examine the association of baseline demographic and clinical characteristics with sequentially obtained measurements of forced vital capacity (FVC), expressed as a percentage of the predicted value, and to identify predictors of the decline rate in FVC over time in the Genetics versus Environment in Scleroderma Outcome Study (GENISOS). METHODS To date, 266 patients have been enrolled in GENISOS, a prospective, observational cohort of patients with early systemic sclerosis. In addition to pulmonary function tests (PFTs), clinical and laboratory data were obtained from each patient. We analyzed 926 FVC measurements utilizing generalized linear mixed models. The predictive significance of baseline variables for the decline rate in FVC was investigated by the interaction term between the variable and the follow-up time within the first 3 years after enrollment as well as throughout the entire follow-up time. RESULTS The cohort consisted of 125 white, 54 African American, and 77 Hispanic patients with average disease duration of 2.5 years at enrollment. The mean follow-up time was 3.8 years, ranging up to 11.4 years. A number of baseline variables, including antibody status, African American ethnicity, disease type, baseline PFT values, modified Rodnan Skin Score, fibrosis on chest radiograph, and lung and skin subscores of the Severity Index, were associated with serially measured FVC levels. However, only the presence of anti-topoisomerase I antibodies (ATA) was associated with lower FVC levels (P < 0.001) as well as accelerated decline rate in FVC within the first 3 years of follow-up (P = 0.02). None of the baseline variables predicted the rate of decline in FVC on long-term follow-up. Patients with rapidly progressive ILD, however, were under-represented in the long-term follow-up group because the accelerated rate of decline in FVC was associated with poor survival (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Presence of ATA was the only baseline variable associated with differential FVC levels, predicting the rate of decline in FVC within the first 3 years of follow-up. The association of faster decline in FVC with poor survival further emphasizes the need for identification of predictive biomarkers by collection of genetic information and serial blood samples in cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Assassi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, University of Texas-Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Texas-Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Roozbeh Sharif
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, University of Texas-Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert E Lasky
- Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Texas-Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Terry A McNearney
- University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | | | - Hilda Draeger
- University of Texas-San Antonio, 4502 Medical Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Deepthi K Nair
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, University of Texas-Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Marvin J Fritzler
- University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - John D Reveille
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, University of Texas-Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Frank C Arnett
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, University of Texas-Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maureen D Mayes
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunogenetics, University of Texas-Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Delpassand ES, Sharif R, Sims-Mourtada J, Tworowska I, Anthony LB. Long-term survival and toxicity profile of patients with disseminated neuroendocrine tumors following multiple cycles of high activity 111In pentetreotide therapy. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.e13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Arora-Singh RK, Assassi S, del Junco DJ, Arnett FC, Perry M, Irfan U, Sharif R, Mattar T, Mayes MD. Autoimmune diseases and autoantibodies in the first degree relatives of patients with systemic sclerosis. J Autoimmun 2010; 35:52-7. [PMID: 20223638 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2010.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine aggregation of autoimmune diseases in the first degree relatives (FDR) of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and to investigate frequencies of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and other autoantibodies in the FDRs and spouses of patients with SSc. METHODS Information on FDRs including history of autoimmune disease was obtained from unrelated SSc probands in the Scleroderma Family Registry and DNA Repository. FDRs were contacted to verify any reported autoimmune diseases. The prevalence of autoimmune disease in probands' families was compared with the corresponding prevalence in controls' families as reported in the literature. Furthermore, sera from probands' FDRs and spouses in addition to unrelated controls were investigated for the presence of autoantibodies (ANA). RESULTS We investigated 4612 FDRs of 1071 SSc probands. SSc probands with anti-centromere antibodies (ACA) and limited disease type were more likely to report familial autoimmunity (p=0.022 and p=0.041, respectively). The four most prevalent autoimmune diseases among SSc probands' FDRs were hypothyroidism (4%), Rheumatoid arthritis (1.5%), hyperthyroidism (1.3%) and systemic lupus erythematosus-SLE (0.4%). Compared to control families, SLE, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism were more common in SSc probands' families. The most striking increase for familial prevalence was observed in SLE (OR=16.98, 95% CI=1.02-227.82, p=0.004). ANA was present in 14.2% of probands' FDR's and 8.6% of spouses and did not differ from the prevalence of ANA among controls (p=0.124 and p=0.477, respectively). Only two FDRs of probands had ACA while none had anti-topoisomerase antibodies. CONCLUSION Our study implies varying degrees of risk for familial autoimmunity among subtypes of SSc and provides further support for common genetic and potentially environmental factors leading to SSc and SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajpreet K Arora-Singh
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunogenetics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Sharif R, Dawra R, Wasiluk K, Phillips P, Dudeja V, Kurt-Jones E, Finberg R, Saluja A. Impact of toll-like receptor 4 on the severity of acute pancreatitis and pancreatitis-associated lung injury in mice. Gut 2009; 58:813-9. [PMID: 19201771 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.170423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease involving acinar cell injury, and the rapid production and release of inflammatory cytokines, which play a dominant role in local pancreatic inflammation and systemic complications. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) initiates a complex signalling pathway when it interacts with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which ultimately results in a proinflammatory response. We hypothesised that TLR4 is important in the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis, independently of LPS. Using two different models of acute pancreatitis, we investigated how genetic deletion of TLR4 or its co-receptor CD14 effects its progression and severity. METHODS We induced acute pancreatitis by administering either caerulein or L-arginine to wild-type, TLR4(-/-), and CD14(-/-) mice. Control mice received normal saline injections. The severity of acute pancreatitis was determined by measuring serum amylase activity, quantifying myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in the pancreatic tissue, and histologically assessing acinar cell injury. RESULTS It was found that administering caerulein and L-arginine to wild-type mice resulted in acute pancreatitis (as assessed by hyperamylasaemia, oedema, increased pancreatic MPO activity, and pancreatic necrosis) and associated lung injury. The same treatment to TLR4(-/-) or CD14(-/-) mice resulted in significantly less severe acute pancreatitis, and reduced lung injury. We found no evidence of either bacteria or LPS in the blood or in pancreatic tissue. CONCLUSIONS The severity of acute pancreatitis is ameliorated in mice that lack either TLR4 or CD14 receptors. Furthermore, these results indicate that TLR4 plays a significant pro-inflammatory role independently of LPS in the progression of acute pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sharif
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Sharif R, Ghazali AR, Rajab NF, Haron H, Osman F. Toxicological evaluation of some Malaysian locally processed raw food products. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:368-74. [PMID: 17900779 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2005] [Revised: 07/03/2007] [Accepted: 08/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Malaysian locally processed raw food products are widely used as main ingredients in local cooking. Previous studies showed that these food products have a positive correlation with the incidence of cancer. The cytotoxicity effect was evaluated using MTT assay (3-(4,5-dimetil-2-thiazolil)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) against Chang liver cells at 2000 microg/ml following 72 h incubation. Findings showed all methanol extracts caused a tremendous drop in the percentage of cell viability at 2000 microg/ml (shrimp paste - 41.69+/-3.36%, salted fish - 37.2+/-1.06%, dried shrimp - 40.32+/-1.8%, p<0.05). To detect DNA damage in a single cell, alkaline Comet Assay was used. None of the extracts caused DNA damage to the Chang liver cells at 62.5 microg/ml following 24 h incubation, as compared to the positive control, hydrogen peroxide (tail moment - 9.50+/-1.50; tail intensity - 30.50+/-2.50). Proximate analysis which was used for the evaluation of macronutrients in food showed that shrimp paste did not comply with the protein requirement (<25%) as in Food Act 1983. Salt was found in every sample with the highest percentage being detected in shrimp paste which exceeded 20%. Following heavy metal analysis (arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury), arsenic was found in every sample with dried shrimps showing the highest value as compared to the other samples (6.16 mg/kg). In conclusion, several food extracts showed cytotoxic effect but did not cause DNA damage against Chang liver cells. Salt was found as the main additive and arsenic was present in every sample, which could be the probable cause of the toxicity effects observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sharif
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpu, Malaysia
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Feldman DL, Mogelesky TC, Sharif R, Sawyer WK, Jeune M, Hu CW, Leonards KS, Prescott MF. The in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant properties, and hypolipidemic activity of CGP 2881. Atherosclerosis 1999; 144:343-55. [PMID: 10407495 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(99)00002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant properties of a new antioxidant, CGP 2881. This compound is structurally similar to probucol, in that both compounds contain bis-tertiary butyl phenyl groups. However, CGP 2881 consistently inhibited CuSO4 (Cu2+)- and macrophage (MO)-induced oxidation of human low density lipoproteins (LDL) more potently than equimolar concentrations of probucol. CGP 2881 (1 mumol/l) prolonged the lag phase of diene formation during Cu(2+)-induced LDL oxidation by 3.4 versus 1.5-fold prolongation with 1 mumol/l probucol (P < 0.05 vs CGP 2881). The IC50 for inhibiting the formation of Cu(2+)-induced thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) was 0.15 mumol/l for CGP 2881, versus approximately 10 mumol/l for probucol. The IC50 for MO-induced oxidation of LDL (TBARS) was 0.64 mumol/l. In contrast, 1 mumol/l probucol failed to inhibit MO-induced oxidation of LDL. Treatment of cholic acid/cholesterol-fed rats with CGP 2881 (50 mg/kg per day, orally for 5 days) inhibited ex vivo Cu(2+)-induced oxidation (TBARS) of the very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) + LDL lipoprotein fraction by 93% versus vehicle controls (P < 0.0001), and prolonged the lag phase for Cu(2+)-induced diene formation by 3.4-fold over vehicle-treated controls. Five days of orally administered CGP 2881 reduced plasma total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels to 55 and 54% of vehicle-treated controls, respectively (P < 0.05). In contrast, probucol had no appreciable effect on plasma total cholesterol or LDL cholesterol levels, unless administered for longer than 5 days. Treatment of hypercholesterolemic rabbits with 50 mg/kg per day orally for 5-12 days delayed the lag phase of diene formation during LDL oxidation by 4.3-fold over controls. However, the relative antioxidant potencies of CGP 2881 and probucol seen with oral administration to hypercholesterolemic rabbits were reversed when the compounds were given intravenously. In addition, the effects of these antioxidants were potentiated when given to normocholesterolemic rabbits compared to hypercholesterolemic animals. These data establish that CGP 2881 demonstrates hypolipidemic activity and is a substantially more potent antioxidant than probucol (in vitro and ex vivo). CGP 2881 may be useful as a new antioxidant tool in the effort to better understand the atherogenicity of oxidized LDL (oxLDL).
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Feldman
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Pharmaceuticals Division, Novartis Institute for Biomedical Research, NJ 07901, USA.
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Stephan ZF, Yurachek EC, Sharif R, Wasvary JM, Leonards KS, Hu CW, Hintze TH, Steele RE. Demonstration of potent lipid-lowering activity by a thyromimetic agent devoid of cardiovascular and thermogenic effects. Atherosclerosis 1996; 126:53-63. [PMID: 8879434 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9150(96)05893-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A potent lipid-lowering thyromimetic (CGS 26214) devoid of cardiac and thermogenic activity was identified based on its ability to preferentially access and bind the nuclear fraction of hepatocytes over that of myocytes in culture. The difference in access achieved with CGS 26214 was at least 100-fold better for hepatocytes than for myocytes. This in vitro hepatoselectivity resulted in a compound with unprecedented in vivo lipid-lowering potency with a minimal effective dose of 1 microgram/kg in rats and dogs (approximately 25x that of L-T3). At the same time, CGS 26214 was free of any cardiovascular effects up to the highest dose tested of 25 mg/kg and 100 micrograms/kg in rats and dogs, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z F Stephan
- Research Department, Ciba-Geigy Corp., Summit, NJ 07901, USA
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Stephan ZF, Yurachek EC, Sharif R, Wasvary JM, Steele RE, Howes C. Reduction of cardiovascular and thyroxine-suppressing activities of L-T3 by liver targeting with cholic acid. Biochem Pharmacol 1992; 43:1969-74. [PMID: 1596285 DOI: 10.1016/0006-2952(92)90640-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to determine whether the conjugation product of L-T3 with cholic acid would result in a liver-targeted compound (CGH 509A) with hypocholesterolemic (HC) activity significantly dissociable from cardiovascular (CV) and thyroxine-suppressing (TS) effects normally observed with thyroid hormone. Evaluation of HC activity in lipemic rats showed that CGH 509A was 6 times less potent than L-T3 with ED25 values estimated at 150 and 25 nmol/kg, respectively. CV function measured as changes in atrial rate, atrial tension and heart weight was determined in euthyroid rats. CGH 509A was at least 64 times less cardio-stimulant than L-T3 with minimum effective doses estimated at 2350 and 37 nmol/kg, respectively. TS activity was assessed in euthyroid rats as the potency of any compound to reduce plasma T4 levels. CGH 509A was 50 times less potent than-L-T3 with ED50 values estimated at 900 and 18 nmol/kg, respectively. From these results, it is clear that, while L-T3 was equally potent on HC, CV and TS activities, the HC potency of CGH 509A was at least 15 and 6 times greater than its CV and TS potencies, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z F Stephan
- Research Department, CIBA-GEIGY Corp., Summit, NJ 07901
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Balwierczak JL, Sharif R, Krulan CM, Field FP, Weiss GB, Miller MJ. Comparative effects of a selective adenosine A2 receptor agonist, CGS 21680, and nitroprusside in vascular smooth muscle. Eur J Pharmacol 1991; 196:117-23. [PMID: 1678715 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(91)90416-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
CGS 21680 (2-[p-(2-carboxyethyl)phenylethylamino]-5'-N-ethyolcarboxamidoa denosine) is an adenosine agonist that has been reported recently to bind selectively to adenosine A2 receptors in rat brain. This adenosine agonist, and the parent compound NECA (5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine), were found to be potent vasorelaxants of prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) precontracted porcine coronary smooth muscle with EC50s of 4.5 and 9.7 nM, respectively. Schild analysis of the inhibition of CGS 21680, NECA and 2-chloroadenosine induced relaxation of the porcine coronary artery by CGS 15943 (9-chloro-2-(2-furanyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-C]quinazolin-5-amine), an A2 receptor antagonist, yielded identical pA2 values for the antagonist (approximately 9.3). This indicates that the same receptor mediates the effects of these three adenosine agonists. NECA and CGS 21680 were equipotent in most vascular preparations except in the canine coronary artery. Porcine coronary arterial rings contracted with PGF2 alpha were relaxed by NECA or CGS 21680 as well as by nitroprusside; those contracted with KCl (40 mM) were relaxed only by nitroprusside. In rabbit aorta, contractions induced by phenylephrine or PGF2 alpha were inhibited by nitroprusside but not by NECA or CGS 21680. Thus, the adenosine A2 receptor agonists, NECA and CGS 21680, are potent vasorelaxants that display regional vascular and species variations that differ from those of nitroprusside.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Balwierczak
- Research Department, Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Summit, NJ 07901
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Tamburini PP, Koehn JA, Gilligan JP, Charles D, Palmesino RA, Sharif R, McMartin C, Erion MD, Miller MJ. Rat vascular tissue contains a neutral endopeptidase capable of degrading atrial natriuretic peptide. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1989; 251:956-61. [PMID: 2532252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutral endopeptidase (NEP, EC 3.4.24.11), purified from renal brush border, cleaves the Cys7-Phe8 amide bond of rat atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), to generate the inactive metabolite (ANP cleaved at the Cys7-Phe8 bond; x-ANP). To determine if NEP contributes to the inactivation of circulating ANP, we investigated the degradation of rat ANP (rANP, 1-28) in the vasculature. Formation of x-ANP from exogenous ANP was studied in a mesenteric arterial preparation by perfusion in a single pass system in the presence and absence of the NEP inhibitors, thiorphan or phosphoramidon. In addition, a purified membrane fraction was prepared from mesenteric arterial homogenate and compared with an equivalent renal membrane fraction. Formation of x-ANP was quantified by a specific immunoassay (ELISA). Renal and vascular membranes shared the same pH optima for x-ANP formation (pH 7.5), although x-ANP generation was considerably greater in renal vs. vascular membranes (31.6 and 0.4 nmol min-1 mg-1 of protein, respectively). Both preparations were inhibited in a similar, dose-dependent manner by phosphoramidon, thiorphan or a polyclonal antibody to NEP. In perfused mesenteric arteries, 1.6 +/- 0.8 pmol of x-ANP were generated from 1 microgram of ANP; this formation was inhibited 51% by 10 microM phosphoramidon or thiorphan. Plasma levels of x-ANP after bolus i.v. administration of rANP in rats, were inhibited (70-80%) by thiorphan at comparable doses to those used in perfused mesenteric arteries. These studies indicate that ANP is degraded in the vasculature by NEP or an "NEP-like" enzyme(s).
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Hahn N, Kau W, Falke B, Sharif R, Brinckmann P. The influence of the vegetative nerve system on the maximal conduction velocity in the atrioventricular bundle and in the cardiac ventricles measured by the differential quotient of QRS. Investigations in dogs. Basic Res Cardiol 1974; 69:228-42. [PMID: 4370477 DOI: 10.1007/bf01906204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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