1
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Benoit J, Araujo R, Lund ES, Bolton A, Lafferty T, Macungo Z, Fernandez V. Early synapsids neurosensory diversity revealed by CT and synchrotron scanning. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2024. [PMID: 38600433 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Non-mammaliaform synapsids (NMS) represent the closest relatives of today's mammals among the early amniotes. Exploring their brain and nervous system is key to understanding how mammals evolved. Here, using CT and Synchrotron scanning, we document for the first time three extreme cases of neurosensory and behavioral adaptations that probe into the wide range of unexpected NMS paleoneurological diversity. First, we describe adaptations to low-frequency hearing and low-light conditions in the non-mammalian cynodont Cistecynodon parvus, supporting adaptations to an obligatory fossorial lifestyle. Second, we describe the uniquely complex and three-dimensional maxillary canal morphology of the biarmosuchian Pachydectes elsi, which suggests that it may have used its cranial bosses for display or low-energy combat. Finally, we introduce a paleopathology found in the skull of Moschognathus whaitsi. Since the specimen was not fully grown, this condition suggests the possibility that this species might have engaged in playful fighting as juveniles-a behavior that is both social and structured. Additionally, this paper discusses other evidence that could indicate that tapinocephalid dinocephalians were social animals, living and interacting closely with one another. Altogether, these examples evidence the wide range of diversity of neurological structures and complex behavior in NMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Benoit
- Evolutionary Studies Institute and School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - R Araujo
- Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear, InstitutoSuperior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - E S Lund
- Evolutionary Studies Institute and School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - A Bolton
- Evolutionary Studies Institute and School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - T Lafferty
- Evolutionary Studies Institute and School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Z Macungo
- Evolutionary Studies Institute and School of Geosciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - V Fernandez
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
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2
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Perea S, Mendes SL, Sousa-Santos C, Ondina P, Amaro R, Castro J, San-Miguel E, Lima CS, Garcia M, Velasquez V, Garcia-Roves P, Fernández D, Araujo R, Sousa VC, Reis J. Applying genomic approaches to delineate conservation strategies using the freshwater mussel Margaritifera margaritifera in the Iberian Peninsula as a model. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16894. [PMID: 36207367 PMCID: PMC9546909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20947-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective conservation actions to counteract the current decline of populations and species require a deep knowledge on their genetic structure. We used Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) to infer the population structure of the highly threatened freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera margaritifera in the Iberian Peninsula. A total of 130 individuals were collected from 26 locations belonging to 16 basins. We obtained 31,692 SNPs through Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) and used this dataset to infer population structure. Genetic diversity given as observed heterozygosity was low. Pairwise FST comparisons revealed low levels of genetic differentiation among geographically close populations. Up to 3 major genetic lineages were determined: Atlantic, Cantabrian and Douro. This structure suggests a close co-evolutionary process with brown trout (Salmo trutta), the primordial fish host of this mussel in the studied area. Some sub-basins showed some genetic structuring, whereas in others no intrapopulation differentiation was found. Our results confirm that genetic conservation units do not match individual basins, and that knowledge about the genetic structure is necessary before planning recovery plans that may involve relocation or restocking. The same reasoning should be applied to strictly freshwater species that are sessile or have restricted dispersal abilities and are currently imperiled worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Perea
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Biología, Departamento de Zoología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito Exterior S/N, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - S L Mendes
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal.,cE3c-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Department of Animal Biology, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C Sousa-Santos
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, ISPA-Instituto Superior de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida, Rua Jardim do Tabaco, 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - P Ondina
- Departamento de Zooloxía, Xenética e Antropoloxía Física, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002, Lugo, Spain.,IBADER-Instituto de Biodiversidade Agraria E Desenvolvemento Rural, Campus, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - R Amaro
- Departamento de Zooloxía, Xenética e Antropoloxía Física, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002, Lugo, Spain.,IBADER-Instituto de Biodiversidade Agraria E Desenvolvemento Rural, Campus, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - J Castro
- Departamento de Zooloxía, Xenética e Antropoloxía Física, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002, Lugo, Spain.,IBADER-Instituto de Biodiversidade Agraria E Desenvolvemento Rural, Campus, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - E San-Miguel
- Departamento de Zooloxía, Xenética e Antropoloxía Física, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002, Lugo, Spain.,IBADER-Instituto de Biodiversidade Agraria E Desenvolvemento Rural, Campus, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Terra, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - C S Lima
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, ISPA-Instituto Superior de Ciências Psicológicas, Sociais e da Vida, Rua Jardim do Tabaco, 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - M Garcia
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - V Velasquez
- Dirección General del Medio Natural y Desarrollo Rural, Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Spain
| | - P Garcia-Roves
- Dirección General del Medio Natural y Desarrollo Rural, Oviedo, Principado de Asturias, Spain
| | - D Fernández
- Biosfera-Consultoría Medioambiental, C/Candamo no. 5,, C.P. 33012, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - R Araujo
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales - CSIC, C/José Gutierrez Abascal, 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - V C Sousa
- cE3c-Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Department of Animal Biology, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J Reis
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal.
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3
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Campos M, Lobato-Bailón L, Merciai R, Cabezón O, Torres-Blas I, Araujo R, Migura-Garcia L. Clearance and persistence of Escherichia coli in the freshwater mussel Unio mancus. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12382. [PMID: 35858973 PMCID: PMC9300608 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16491-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The excessive use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of resistant bacteria, mainly from the Enterobacterales group, with high pathogenic/zoonotic potentials that can lead to problems in public health. The increasing presence in freshwater ecosystems highlights the need to evaluate potential sentinel species as risk indicators for both ecosystem and human health. The freshwater mussels provide several ecosystem services, may represent potential sentinel species due to their ability to filter water and retain both organic and inorganic particles. We tested the capability of U. mancus to retain Escherichia coli as a model bacterial organism. Under experimental conditions, the mussels could clear suspended E. coli, facilitating its rapid elimination from water within the first 24 h after exposure. The species also presented a maximum retention time of 4 days. We also provide allometric equations correlating the filtering capacity with the length and the weight of mussel body parts often used in biometric studies. We provide a first assessment of the potential of the bivalve Unio mancus to act as a sentinel species for the detection of Enterobacterales and demonstrate the ability to act as a water cleaner.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Campos
- Wildlife Conservation Medicine Research Group (WildCoM), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain. .,Freshwater Mussel Breeding Laboratory of Lake Banyoles, Consorci de l'Estany, Plaça dels Estudis 2, 17820, Banyoles, Spain.
| | - L Lobato-Bailón
- Wildlife Conservation Medicine Research Group (WildCoM), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.,Research and Conservation Department, Zoo de Barcelona, Parc de la Ciutadella s/n, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Merciai
- Freshwater Mussel Breeding Laboratory of Lake Banyoles, Consorci de l'Estany, Plaça dels Estudis 2, 17820, Banyoles, Spain
| | - O Cabezón
- Wildlife Conservation Medicine Research Group (WildCoM), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.,UAB, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - I Torres-Blas
- Wildlife Conservation Medicine Research Group (WildCoM), Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.,Research and Conservation Department, Zoo de Barcelona, Parc de la Ciutadella s/n, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Araujo
- MNCN, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, C/José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Migura-Garcia
- Unitat mixta d'Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Spain.,IRTA, Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
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4
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Schultz J, Trachtenberg B, Estep J, Goodwin K, Araujo R, Rafei A, Pritzker M, Kamdar F, John R, Cogswell R. Association of Use of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers on LVAD Support and Risk of Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Multi-Center Analysis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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5
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Schultz J, Trachtenberg B, Estep J, Goodwin K, Araujo R, Rafei AE, Alexy T, Shaffer A, John R, Cogswell R. Association between Angiotensin II Antagonism and Mortality after LVAD Implantation: A Multi-Center, Contemporary Analysis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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6
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El Rafei A, Trachetenberg B, John R, Estep J, Schultz J, Goodwin K, Araujo R, Thenappan T, Cogswell R. Association between Digoxin Use and Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Contemporary Continuous Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Support. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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7
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Cogswell R, Murray T, Araujo R, Teigen L, Trachtenberg B, Schultz J, John R, Martin C, Estep J. External Validation of the Minnesota Pectoralis Muscle Risk Score to Predict Mortality after Ventricular Assist Device Implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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8
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Cogswell R, Teigen L, Allen T, Estep J, Araujo R, Schultz J, John R, Martin C, Trachtenberg B. Measurement of Pectoralis Muscle Quantity and Attenuation by Computed Tomography Using Routinely Available Software is Feasible and Predicts Mortality after LVAD Implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.1134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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9
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Cogswell R, Estep J, Araujo R, Teigen L, Schultz J, John R, Martin C, Trachtenberg B. Heart Failure Severity Stratification beyond INTERMACS Profiles: A Step towards Identification of Optimal LVAD Implantation Timing. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.01.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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10
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Wu AJ, Chapman K, Sathischandra S, Massengill J, Araujo R, Soria M, Bugas M, Bishop Z, Haas C, Holliday B, Cisneros K, Lor J, Canez C, New S, Mackie S, Ghoshal D, Privalle L, Hunst P, Pallett K. GHB614 × T304-40 × GHB119 × COT102 Cotton: Protein Expression Analyses of Field-Grown Samples. J Agric Food Chem 2019; 67:275-281. [PMID: 30521338 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Food and feed safety assessment is not enhanced by performing protein expression analysis on stacked trait products. The expression levels of six proteins in cotton matrices from four single cotton events and three conventionally stacked trait cotton products are reported. Three proteins were for insect control; two proteins confer herbicide tolerance; and one protein was a transformation-selectable marker. The cotton matrices were produced at three U.S., five Brazil, and two Argentina field trials. Similar protein expression was observed for all six proteins in the stacked trait products and the single events. However, when two copies of the bar gene were present in the stacked trait products, the expression level of phosphinothricin acetyl transferase herbicide tolerance was additive. Conventional breeding of genetically engineered traits does not alter the level or pattern of expression of the newly introduced proteins, except when multiple copies of the same transgene are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-J Wu
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - K Chapman
- American Agricultural Services, Incorporated , 404 East Chatham Street , Cary , North Carolina 27511 , United States
| | - S Sathischandra
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - J Massengill
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - R Araujo
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - M Soria
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - M Bugas
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - Z Bishop
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - C Haas
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - B Holliday
- iAdvantage Software, Incorporated , 404 East Chatham Street , Cary , North Carolina 27511 , United States
| | - K Cisneros
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - J Lor
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - C Canez
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - S New
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - S Mackie
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - D Ghoshal
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - L Privalle
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - P Hunst
- BASF Agricultural Solutions Seed U.S. LLC , 2 T.W. Alexander Drive , Research Triangle Park , North Carolina 27709 United States
| | - K Pallett
- Innovation Center , Bayer CropScience NV , Tech Lane Ghent Science Park 38 , B-9052 Gent , Belgium
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Romero-Pérez A, Alemu A, Araujo R, Beauchemin K. 98 Effect of slow release nitrate and essential oil on animal performance and methane emissions from feedlot cattle fed high-grain finishing diets. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Romero-Pérez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia,Mexico City, Mexico
| | - A Alemu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - R Araujo
- GRASP Indústria e Comércio LTDA,Curitiba, Brazil
| | - K Beauchemin
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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12
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Martins L, Fernandes J, Drouillard J, Leite L, Araujo R. 72 A microencapsulated blend of essential oils and dead yeast culture on the performance of nellore bulls finished in feedlot. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L Martins
- Centro de Pesquisa Nutripura, Rondonópolis,Brazil
| | | | - J Drouillard
- Kansas State University,Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - L Leite
- Centro de Pesquisa Nutripura,Curitiba, Brazil
| | - R Araujo
- GRASP Indústria e Comércio LTDA,Curitiba, Brazil
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13
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Jalali S, Budde A, Guimaraes O, Araujo R, Tiedeman M, Goodall R, Engle T. PSXIV-34 The influence of microencapsulated plant secondary compounds (MPSC/Activo Premium®) on performance and carcass characteristics of growing and finishing feedlot beef cattle. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Jalali
- Colorado State University, Department of Animal Sciences,Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - A Budde
- Colorado State University, Department of Animal Sciences,Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - O Guimaraes
- Colorado State University, Department of Animal Sciences,Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - R Araujo
- GRASP Indústria e Comércio LTDA,Curitiba, Brazil
| | - M Tiedeman
- EW Nutrition USA, Inc., Dallas Center, IA, United States
| | - R Goodall
- EW Nutrition USA, Inc., Dallas Center, IA, United States
| | - T Engle
- Colorado State University,Fort Collins, CO, United States
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14
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Henry D, Ciriaco F, Araujo R, Fontes P, Oosthuizen N, Garcia-Ascolani M, Sanford C, Schulmeister T, Martin R, Dubeux J, Rostoll-Cangiano L, Lamb G, DiLorenzo N. 74 Effects of bismuth subsalicylate and encapsulated calcium-ammonium nitrate on enteric methane production and apparent total-tract nutrient digestibility of beef cattle. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Henry
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University,Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - F Ciriaco
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida,Marianna, FL, United States
| | - R Araujo
- GRASP Indústria e Comércio LTDA,Curitiba, Brazil
| | - P Fontes
- Texas A&M University - Department of Animal Science,College Station, TX, United States
| | - N Oosthuizen
- Texas A&M University - Department of Animal Science,College Station, TX, United States
| | - M Garcia-Ascolani
- University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center,Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - C Sanford
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida,Marianna, FL, United States
| | - T Schulmeister
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida,Marianna, FL, United States
| | - R Martin
- University of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center,Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - J Dubeux
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida,Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - L Rostoll-Cangiano
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida,Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - G Lamb
- Texas A&M University - Department of Animal Science,College Station, TX, United States
| | - N DiLorenzo
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida,Marianna, FL, United States
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15
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Alemu A, Romero-Pérez A, Araujo R, Beauchemin K. PSXVII-31 Late-Breaking: Effect of dietary addition of slow release nitrate and essential oil on animal performance and methane emissions from backgrounded cattle fed high-forage diets. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Alemu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - A Romero-Pérez
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia,Mexico City, Mexico
| | - R Araujo
- GRASP Indústria e Comércio LTDA,Curitiba, Brazil
| | - K Beauchemin
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre,Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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16
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Souza J, Araujo R, Valadão M, Carrara C, Barbosa M, Guimarães R, Carvalho J, Kovaleski G, Small I, Marins A, Victorino A, Gil R, Jesus J, de Araujo L, de Melo A. Induction chemotherapy plus chemoradiotherapy with or without aspirin in high risk rectal cancer (ICAR). Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy281.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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17
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Almeida T, Ehuletche MG, Perna A, Bevilacqua J, Dubrovsky A, Franca M, Vargas S, Hegde M, Claeys K, Straub V, Daba N, Faria R, Loaeza A, Luccerini V, Periquet M, Sparks S, Thibault N, Araujo R. NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING AND EXPERIMENTAL MYOLOGY. Neuromuscul Disord 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.06.424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Camandaroba M, Riechelmann R, Silva V, Mello C, Araujo R. Treatment outcomes of patients with localized anal squamous cell carcinoma and HIV infection: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy281.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Coxa L, Bassi A, Kolling J, Procter A, Flanders N, Tanners N, Araujo R. Exploring synergies between transit investment and dense redevelopment: a scenario analysis in a rapidly urbanizing landscape. Landsc Urban Plan 2017; 167:429-440. [PMID: 30034064 PMCID: PMC6052455 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2017.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Like many urban areas around the world, Durham and Orange counties in North Carolina, USA are experiencing population growth and sprawl that is putting stress on the transportation system. Light rail and denser transit-oriented development are being considered as possible solutions. However, local agencies and stakeholders are concerned the light rail may worsen housing affordability and have questioned whether investment in both light rail and dense redevelopment are necessary to achieve community goals. We developed an integrated system dynamics model to quantitatively explore the outcomes of these land use and transportation options across multiple societal dimensions. The model incorporates feedbacks among the land, transportation, economic, equity, and energy sectors. This paper uses the results of four model scenarios, run between 2000 and 2040, to address two main questions: (1) what role does redevelopment play in capturing the socioeconomic benefits of transit infrastructure investment? And (2) how do redevelopment and light-rail transit interact to affect housing and transportation affordability? We find that transit investment and dense redevelopment combine synergistically to better achieve the goals of the light-rail line, including economic development, mobility, and compact growth. However, housing affordability does worsen in the combined scenario, as transportation-cost savings are not sufficient to offset the rise in housing costs. We emphasize that model users may input their own assumptions to explore the dynamics of alternative scenarios. We demonstrate how spatially-aggregated systems models can complement traditional land use and transportation models in the regional planning process.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Coxa
- ORISE Research Participant at USEPA, United States
| | | | - J Kolling
- ORISE Research Participant at USEPA, United States
| | - A Procter
- ORISE Research Participant at USEPA, United States
| | - N Flanders
- ORISE Research Participant at USEPA, United States
| | - N Tanners
- Industrial Economics, Incorporated, United States
| | - R Araujo
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, USEPA, United States
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Souza J, Guimarães R, Siqueira M, Gil R, Araujo R, Valadão M. Watch and wait versus surgery with pathological complete response: Single institution experience. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx393.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Sampaio-Maia B, Caldas IM, Pereira ML, Pérez-Mongiovi D, Araujo R. The Oral Microbiome in Health and Its Implication in Oral and Systemic Diseases. Adv Appl Microbiol 2016; 97:171-210. [PMID: 27926431 DOI: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The oral microbiome can alter the balance between health and disease, locally and systemically. Within the oral cavity, bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, and viruses may all be found, each having a particular role, but strongly interacting with each other and with the host, in sickness or in health. A description on how colonization occurs and how the oral microbiome dynamically evolves throughout the host's life is given. In this chapter the authors also address oral and nonoral conditions in which oral microorganisms may play a role in the etiology and progression, presenting the up-to-date knowledge on oral dysbiosis as well as the known underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms involving oral microorganisms in each condition. In oral pathology, oral microorganisms are associated with several diseases, namely dental caries, periodontal diseases, endodontic infections, and also oral cancer. In systemic diseases, nonoral infections, adverse pregnancy outcomes, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes are among the most prevalent pathologies linked with oral cavity microorganisms. The knowledge on how colonization occurs, how oral microbiome coevolves with the host, and how oral microorganisms interact with each other may be a key factor to understand diseases etiology and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - I M Caldas
- Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal; Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - D Pérez-Mongiovi
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
| | - R Araujo
- Universidade do Porto, Portugal; Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Abstract
This study was designed to study the microvascular anatomy of the basilar artery between the superior cerebellar artery and the vertebrobasilar junction (i.e. the lower basilar artery). Twenty unfixed brains were injected with silicone rubber solution and studied with a Zeiss OPMI microscope. The length of this segment of the basilar artery was 28.1 + 1.35 mm and its course was straight in 9 (45%) brains, curved in 7 (35%) and tortuous in 4 (20%). The total number of perforators found in 20 brains was 340 with an average of 17 per brain. Of these, 118 (34.7%) were median and 222 (65.2%) were lateral. Median branches had a mean length of 5.8 + 1.25 mm, whereas left and right lateral branches had a mean length of 16 + 1.25 mm and 16 + 1.58 mm respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Torche
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois, Chicago 60612
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Araujo R, Herman P, Riechelmann R. P-148 Recurrence free survival as a putative surrogate for overall survival in phase III Trials of Curative – Intent Treatment of Colorectal Liver Metastases: Systematic Review. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw199.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is estimated to affect nearly 500 million people worldwide and cardiovascular (CV) disease is a major cause of death in this population. However, therapeutic interventions targeting traditional CV risks are not effective at lowering the incidence of CV events or at delaying the progression of the disease in CKD patients. In recent years, disturbances of normal gut microbiome were recognized in the pathogenesis of diverse chronic diseases. Gut dysbiosis is being unraveled in CKD and pointed as a nontraditional risk factor for CV risk and CKD progression. The most often reported changes in gut microbiome in CKD are related to the lower levels of Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae and to higher levels of Enterobacteriaceae. Although metagenomics brought us an amplified vision on the microbial world that inhabits the human host, it still lacks the sensitivity to characterize the microbiome up to species level, not revealing alterations that occur within specific genus. Here, we review the current state-of-the-art concerning gut dysbiosis in CKD and its role in pathophysiological mechanisms in CKD, particularly in relation with CV risk. Also, the strategies towards prevention and treatment of gut dysbiosis in CKD progression will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M Pestana
- University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; São João Hospital Center, Porto, EPE, Portugal
| | - R Araujo
- University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus conidia have been linked to severe aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. Recently, the cytotoxic effect of secondary metabolites from A. fumigatus conidia was reported. In the present work, a methodology used to detect cell death markers in fungal hyphae was adapted to study conidia cell death. Additionally, the mechanism of H2O2-induced cell death was studied in A. fumigatus conidia for the first time. Data presented in this work reveal that the H2O2-induced conidial cell death was associated with a marked increase of TUNEL- and PI-positive cells. It is therefore suggested that conidia cell death occurs in a dose-dependent manner through a secondary necrosis mechanism. The knowledge of conidia cell death machinery may provide insights into the molecular mechanism of conidia-mediated toxicity to the respiratory tract and may pave the way for improved therapeutic approaches against A. fumigatus conidia-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Oliveira
- a Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, Portugal.,b Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,c Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Pereira
- d UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228; 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - C Bessa
- d UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228; 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - R Araujo
- b Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - L Saraiva
- d UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, Laboratório de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228; 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Polla DL, Cardoso MTO, Silva MCB, Cardoso ICC, Medina CTN, Araujo R, Fernandes CC, Reis AMM, de Andrade RV, Pereira RW, Pogue R. Use of Targeted Exome Sequencing for Molecular Diagnosis of Skeletal Disorders. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138314. [PMID: 26380986 PMCID: PMC4575211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic disorders of the skeleton comprise a large group of more than 450 clinically distinct and genetically heterogeneous diseases associated with mutations in more than 300 genes. Achieving a definitive diagnosis is complicated due to the genetic heterogeneity of these disorders, their individual rarity and their diverse radiographic presentations. We used targeted exome sequencing and designed a 1.4Mb panel for simultaneous testing of more than 4,800 exons in 309 genes involved in skeletal disorders. DNA from 69 individuals from 66 families with a known or suspected clinical diagnosis of a skeletal disorder was analyzed. Of 36 cases with a specific clinical hypothesis with a known genetic basis, mutations were identified for eight cases (22%). Of 20 cases with a suspected skeletal disorder but without a specific diagnosis, four causative mutations were identified. Also included were 11 cases with a specific skeletal disorder but for which there was at the time no known associated gene. For these cases, one mutation was identified in a known skeletal disease genes, and re-evaluation of the clinical phenotype in this case changed the diagnoses from osteodysplasia syndrome to Apert syndrome. These results suggest that the NGS panel provides a fast, accurate and cost-effective molecular diagnostic tool for identifying mutations in a highly genetically heterogeneous set of disorders such as genetic skeletal disorders. The data also stress the importance of a thorough clinical evaluation before DNA sequencing. The strategy should be applicable to other groups of disorders in which the molecular basis is largely known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. Polla
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Maria T. O. Cardoso
- Núcleo de Genética da Secretaria de Saúde do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Taguatinga, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Mayara C. B. Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Isabela C. C. Cardoso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Cristina T. N. Medina
- Núcleo de Genética da Secretaria de Saúde do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Rosenelle Araujo
- Núcleo de Genética da Secretaria de Saúde do Distrito Federal, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Camila C. Fernandes
- Departamento de Tecnologia, Laboratório Multiusuário Centralizado para Sequenciamento de DNA em Larga Escala e Análise de Expressão Gênica, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus Jaboticabal, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra M. M. Reis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Rosangela V. de Andrade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Rinaldo W. Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Robert Pogue
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Münster M, Kook P, Araujo R, Hörauf A, Vieth M. [Determination of hyperregeneratory esophagopathy in dogs with clinical signs attributable to esophageal disease]. Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2015; 43:147-55. [PMID: 25993916 DOI: 10.15654/tpk-140765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It was hypothesized that typical characteristics of hyperregeneratory esophagopathy (HRE) in humans such as basal cell hyperplasia and elongation of stromal papillae are also histologically detectable in canine esophageal epithelium, and that these changes are associated with clinical signs and endoscopic findings suggesting gastroesophageal reflux (GER). MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty-five adult dogs with clinical signs attributable to esophageal disease underwent esophagoscopy and biopsy. Clinical signs suggesting GER (regurgitation, ptyalism, painful discomfort) were prospectively evaluated through a questionnaire. Endoscopic mucosal alterations suggesting GER such as minimal endoscopic changes and obvious mucosal defects were assessed via video endoscopy. Biopsy specimens obtained from the esophageal squamous epithelium were evaluated histologically. The squamous epithelium's substructures of esophageal biopsies were quantitatively assessed through microscopic morphometry. RESULTS Esophageal squamous epithelium was considered normal in 48 dogs, and HRE was detected histologically in 17 dogs; both pathognomonic changes (basal cell hyperplasia, elongation of stromal papillae) were consistently present. Morphometrically assessed stromal papillary length and basal cell layer thickness was significantly (each, p < 0.0001) higher in the 17 dogs with HRE than in the 48 dogs without HRE, respectively. Overall, clinical signs suggesting GER were significantly (p = 0.02) more frequently encountered and regurgitation was significantly (p = 0.009) more common in the 17 dogs with HRE than in the 48 dogs without HRE. Similarly, endoscopic changes were significantly (p = 0.002) more frequently observed and minimal endoscopic changes suggesting GER were significantly (p = 0.004) more common in 17 dogs with HRE than in the 48 dogs without HRE. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Typical characteristics of hyperregeneratory esophagopathy in humans are also histologically detectable in canine esophageal epithelium. Histological changes are associated with clinical signs and endoscopic findings suggesting GER.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Münster
- Michael Münster, Tierärztliche Gemeinschaftspraxis Dres. Hörauf und Münster, Hatzfeldstraße 6, 51069 Köln, E-Mail:
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Araujo R, Oliveira M, Amorim A, Sampaio-Maia B. Unpredictable susceptibility of emerging clinical moulds to tri-azoles: review of the literature and upcoming challenges for mould identification. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 34:1289-301. [PMID: 25894985 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2374-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tri-azoles represent the front-line drugs for the treatment of mould diseases; nevertheless, some emerging moulds, such as Fusarium spp., Scedosporium spp., Mucorales and others, may be less susceptible or resistant to these antifungals. A review of the literature was conducted on the susceptibility of rare moulds to the tri-azoles itraconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole. Particular attention was paid to isolates identified by molecular analyses. The range of susceptibility values described for the three tri-azoles was frequently large (from 0.06 to >16), and a high variability was found within each species; isolates were rarely reported as entirely susceptible to all tri-azoles. In addition, the susceptibility of 76 emerging moulds from our collection (including Hypocreales, Dothideomycetes, Scedosporium spp., Mucorales and rare Aspergillus spp.) to itraconazole and voriconazole was determined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A2 and European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) methods. Susceptibility discrepancies (of two dilutions) were found comparing CLSI and EUCAST for Dothideomycetes; the values for the remaining moulds were similar. More practical, faster and inexpensive susceptibility tools are welcome for testing emerging moulds, as these tests still represent a critical tool to support clinicians on the selection of proper antifungal treatment. The susceptibility of emerging moulds to tri-azoles cannot be predicted exclusively following mould identification, as the isolates' susceptibilities showed highly variable values. Some emerging moulds still remain very difficult to identity, even following standard molecular analyses which result in complex fungal collections. This fact limits the definition of epidemiological cut-offs and clinical breakpoints that are still imperative for emerging moulds.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Araujo
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal,
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Monteiro-da-Silva F, Araujo R, Sampaio-Maia B. Interindividual variability and intraindividual stability of oral fungal microbiota over time. Med Mycol 2014; 52:498-505. [DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myu027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
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Rodríguez-Martínez S, Cervero-Aragó S, Gil-Martin I, Araujo R. Multilocus sequence typing of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli strains isolated from environmental waters in the Mediterranean area. Environ Res 2013; 127:56-62. [PMID: 24216328 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are important animal-related waterborne pathogens that are distributed worldwide. To further understand Campylobacter populations in water from the Mediterranean area, the genetic diversity of environmental strains was analyzed using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). MLST was also used to determine the potential geographical differences between these bacterial strains and other campylobacters isolated worldwide. The typing study was conducted using 58 strains isolated from the Llobregat river and other water sources, such as urban sewage, animal wastewater and clinical samples. Thirty-nine different sequence types were obtained; eight of these sequences were described for the first time in this study, suggesting the presence of local strains. The identified C. jejuni strains were the most diverse population, whereas the identified C. coli strains showed a high clonal structure, which clustered most of the sequence types into a few clonal complexes. The strains were not exclusively related to specific water sources. However, comparing the identified strains with an international database showed that most of the Mediterranean strains that were exclusively isolated from environmental waters have previously been isolated from similar sources, particularly those obtained from river water. Additional studies, including those in different geographical areas using a wide range of Campylobacter sources, are required to improve the global knowledge concerning Campylobacter dissemination in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rodríguez-Martínez
- Departament de Microbiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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Ramalingam S, Crawford J, Chang A, Manegold C, Perez-Soler R, Douillard JY, Thatcher N, Barlesi F, Owonikoko T, Wang Y, Pultar P, Zhu J, Malik R, Giaccone G, Della-Fiorentina S, Begbie S, Jennens R, Dass J, Pittman K, Ivanova N, Koynova T, Petrov P, Tomova A, Tzekova V, Couture F, Hirsh V, Burkes R, Sangha R, Ambrus M, Janaskova T, Musil J, Novotny J, Zatloukal P, Jakesova J, Klenha K, Roubec J, Vanasek J, Fayette J, Barlesi F, Bennouna-Louridi J, Chouaid C, Mazières J, Vallerand H, Robinet G, Souquet PJ, Spaeth D, Schott R, Lena H, Martinet Y, El Kouri C, Baize N, Scherpereel A, Molinier O, Fuchs F, Josten K, Manegold C, Marschner N, Schneller F, Overbeck T, Thomas M, von Pawel J, Reck M, Schuette W, Hagen V, Schneider CP, Georgoulias V, Varthalitis I, Zarogoulidis K, Syrigos K, Papandreou C, Bocskei C, Csanky E, Juhasz E, Losonczy G, Mark Z, Molnar I, Papai-Szekely Z, Tehenes S, Vinkler I, Almel S, Bakshi A, Bondarde S, Maru A, Pathak A, Pedapenki R, Prasad K, Prasad S, Kilara N, Gorijavolu D, Deshmukh C, John S, Sharma L, Amoroso D, Bajetta E, Bidoli P, Bonetti A, De Marinis F, Maio M, Passalacqua R, Cascinu S, Bearz A, Bitina M, Brize A, Purkalne G, Skrodele M, Baba A, Ratnavelu K, Saw M, Samson-Fernando M, Ladrera G, Jassem J, Koralewski P, Serwatowski P, Krzakowski M, Cebotaru C, Filip D, Ganea-Motan D, Ianuli C, Manolescu I, Udrea A, Burdaeva O, Byakhov M, Filippov A, Lazarev S, Mosin I, Orlov S, Udovitsa D, Khorinko A, Protsenko S, Chang A, Lim H, Tan Y, Tan E, Bastus Piulats R, Garcia-Foncillas J, Valdivia J, de Castro J, Domine Gomez M, Kim S, Lee JS, Kim H, Lee J, Shin S, Kim DW, Kim YC, Park K, Chang CS, Chang GC, Goan YG, Su WC, Tsai CM, Kuo HP, Benekli M, Demir G, Gokmen E, Sevinc A, Crawford J, Giaccone G, Haigentz M, Owonikoko T, Agarwal M, Pandit S, Araujo R, Vrindavanam N, Bonomi P, Berg A, Wade J, Bloom R, Amin B, Camidge R, Hill D, Rarick M, Flynn P, Klein L, Lo Russo K, Neubauer M, Richards P, Ruxer R, Savin M, Weckstein D, Rosenberg R, Whittaker T, Richards D, Berry W, Ottensmeier C, Dangoor A, Steele N, Summers Y, Rankin E, Rowley K, Giridharan S, Kristeleit H, Humber C, Taylor P. Talactoferrin alfa versus placebo in patients with refractory advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (FORTIS-M trial). Ann Oncol 2013; 24:2875-80. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
Las náyades de la familia Unionidae tienen gran plasticidad fenotípica, lo que se refleja en la forma de su concha. Esta variabilidad morfológica ha sido causa de gran confusión en la taxonomía y sistemática del grupo. Se han estudiado, genética y morfológicamente, numerosas poblaciones de náyades provenientes de nueve cuencas hidrográficas portuguesas. Para ello se han analizando dos fragmentos de genes mitocondriales (ARNr 16S y Citocromo Oxidasa I) así como diferentes variables morfológicas de la concha. Se han realizado además análisis filogenéticos para conocer la sistemática de la familia e inferir una hipótesis evolutiva de su distribución en el oeste de la península Ibérica. Los datos genéticos y morfológicos sugieren la existencia de cinco especies: Anodonta anatina, Anodonta cygnea, Potomida littoralis, Unio tumidiformis y Unio delphinus. La diferenciación de estas especies, con la excepción de A. cygnea, ha ocurrido durante el aislamiento de la península Ibérica y posterior formación de las actuales cuencas hidrográficas en el Terciario. Se discute la posibilidad de que la presencia de A. cygnea se deba a una introducción reciente. Los datos morfométricos analizados pueden ser útiles para separar las especies del género Unio, pero son también dependientes de las condiciones ambientales. La elevada variabilidad morfológica dentro de cada especie está relacionada con su plasticidad fenotípica, pero tiene a su vez un importante papel en el proceso evolutivo.
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Setti M, daCunha F, Gouveia A, Lopes V, Araujo R, deAlmeida C. SU-E-T-89: Quality Control of IMRT Using Computer Radiography with the Oncology Cassette. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4814524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Neri J, Yamauti M, Pires A, Araujo R, Santiago S. Physical properties of a self-etch adhesive containing catechin. Dent Mater 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.08.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Beirão F, Araujo R. State of the art diagnostic of mold diseases: a practical guide for clinicians. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2012; 32:3-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-012-1722-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rodríguez S, Araujo R. Effect of environmental parameters on the inactivation of the waterborne pathogen Campylobacter in a Mediterranean river. J Water Health 2012; 10:100-107. [PMID: 22361705 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2011.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Campylobacter is a major waterborne pathogen that can be found in rivers of the Mediterranean area. Characteristics of these rivers change throughout the seasons due to variations in environmental parameters. As these variations may affect water survival of Campylobacter, we analyzed it in the Llobregat River using three approaches whose complexity increase progressively: (i) river water microcosms in the laboratory subjected to varying temperatures; (ii) in situ experiments carried out in the river, in which bacteria were exposed to varying levels of environmental parameters; and (iii) monitoring of thermotolerant Campylobacter in the river over two years. Campylobacter was quantified using the most probable number (MPN) method. The results showed that an increase in water temperature accelerates Campylobacter inactivation, measured as the loss of culturability. In situ experiments revealed that inactivation rates were also affected by sunlight, but not by pH, oxygen concentration or water conductivity. These observations are supported by the seasonality detected in Llobregat River. Campylobacter inactivation was fastest in spring and summer, when temperature and solar radiation were at their highest. The results highlight the importance of considering the inactivation rates in natural conditions to improve the monitoring of this pathogen and thus evaluate properly the health risk associated to water.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rodríguez
- Departament de Microbiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Araujo R, Ramos MA. Margaritifera auricularia (Unionoidea, Margaritiferidae), the giant freshwater pearl mussel rediscovered in Spain. GRAELLSIA 2011. [DOI: 10.3989/graellsia.1998.v54.i0.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Rodríguez S, Araujo R. Occurrence of thermotolerant Campylobacter species in surface waters of a Mediterranean area and in its prevailing pollution sources. J Appl Microbiol 2010; 109:1027-34. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04725.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Boix D, Pou-Rovira Q, Araujo R, Clavero M, Feo C, Ordeix M, Zamora L. Presence of the alien chinese pond mussel Anodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) (Bivalvia, Unionidae) in the Iberian Peninsula. GRAELLSIA 2010. [DOI: 10.3989/graellsia.2009.v65.i1.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Almería S, Araujo R, Tuo W, López-Gatius F, Dubey JP, Gasbarre LC. Fetal death in cows experimentally infected with Neospora caninum at 110 days of gestation. Vet Parasitol 2010; 169:304-11. [PMID: 20089361 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2009] [Revised: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 12/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neospora caninum is a major cause of abortion in cattle, but the reasons why some animals abort and not others remain unclear. Most of the N. caninum experimental primary infections in cattle late in gestation, after 120 days of pregnancy, result in birth of full-term congenitally infected fetuses. In the present study, the distribution of parasites and pathogenesis of infection in both dams and fetuses after inoculation with 10(7) culture derived tachyzoites of N. caninum NC-Illinois cattle strain at 110 days of gestation were analyzed at 3 weeks, 6 weeks and 9 weeks after infection (WAI) in eight Angus heifers. One dam from the group euthanized at 6 WAI had a dead fetus at necropsy. Extensive lesions were observed in the placenta and tachyzoites were detected in both the placenta and the fetus. The fetus was seropositive and had high IFN-gamma g production in fetal fluids. Another fetus, still alive when euthanized at 3 WAI, had severe lesions and high IFN-gamma production and a similar fate could have been expected if the experimental period would have been longer. Lesions in the placenta of the remaining six dams that had live fetuses at necropsy were mild. In those dams, the fetal and maternal placentas had not separated and contained focal areas of placentitis at the materno-fetal junction. Transplacental infection took place on all fetuses based on detection of parasitic DNA in fetal tissues. The present study shows that experimental N. caninum infection of naïve dams after 110 days of pregnancy can lead to fetal death. The results suggest that the severity of placental lesions and the strong IFN-gamma response in some fetuses, possibly as part of the immune response trying to control the high parasitemia, might, in fact, be the cause of their death.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Almería
- Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, and Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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Araujo R, Pina-Vaz C, Rodrigues AG, Amorim A, Gusmão L. Simple and highly discriminatory microsatellite-based multiplex PCR for Aspergillus fumigatus strain typing. Clin Microbiol Infect 2009; 15:260-6. [PMID: 19196262 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2008.02661.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The answers to important questions concerning Aspergillus fumigatus pathogenicity, transmissions routes and efficacy of treatments require highly discriminating and reproducible genotyping methods. The present study was aimed at improving microsatellite methodology for A. fumigatus typing by reducing the task of strain identification to a single multiplex reaction and by selecting highly accurate short tandem repeat polymorphisms. A set of eight primer pairs was used for the genotype determination of 116 clinical isolates of A. fumigatus obtained from three healthcare centres. A new, automated and highly discriminatory typing method is described for A. fumigatus strains. The optimized multiplex PCR was successfully performed with all tested clinical strains and showed a discriminatory power of 0.9997 among presumably unrelated isolates. The comparison of groups of strains from different health centres showed that 99.6% of the genotypic variation was present within groups. Strains with the same genotype were isolated from the same patient, sometimes recovered more than 1 year later. A few cases of patients at the same clinic unit carrying strains of identical genotype strongly suggested colonization by A. fumigatus during their hospitalization. Specific measures must therefore be taken in order to prevent and restrict such incidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Araujo
- IPATIMUP, Institute of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Araujo R, de Almeida AT. Learning sensor-based navigation of a real mobile robot in unknown worlds. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern B Cybern 2008; 29:164-78. [PMID: 18252290 DOI: 10.1109/3477.752791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we address the problem of navigating an autonomous mobile robot in an unknown indoor environment. The parti-game multiresolution learning approach is applied for simultaneous and cooperative construction of a world model, and learning to navigate through an obstacle-free path from a starting position to a known goal region. The paper introduces a new approach, based on the application of the fuzzy ART neural architecture, for on-line map building from actual sensor data. This method is then integrated, as a complement, on the parti-game world model, allowing the system to make a more efficient use of collected sensor information. Then, a predictive on-line trajectory filtering method, is introduced in the learning approach. Instead of having a mechanical device moving to search the world, the idea is to have the system analyzing trajectories in a predictive mode, by taking advantage of the improved world model. The real robot will only move to try trajectories that have been predicted to be successful, allowing lower exploration costs. This results in an overall improved new method for goal-oriented navigation. It is assumed that the robot knows its own current world location-a simple dead-reckoning method is used for localization in our experiments. It is also assumed that the robot is able to perform sensor-based obstacle detection (not avoidance) and straight-line motions. Results of experiments with a real Nomad 200 mobile robot are presented, demonstrating the effectiveness of the discussed methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Araujo
- Inst. for Syst. & Robotics, Coimbra Univ
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Araujo R, Petricoin E, Liotta L. Mathematical Modeling of the Cancer Cell ’ s Control Circuitry: Paving the Way to Individualized Therapeutic Strategies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.2174/157436207780619545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Araujo R, Carneiro A, Guimaraes J, Rodrigues A. P1693 Comparative incidence of fungal and bacterial infections in haematological patients occurring before, during and after the installation of HEPA filters in individual patient rooms. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)71532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kamma JJ, Bradshaw DJ, Fulford MR, Marsh PD, Frandsen E, Ostergaard E, Schel AJ, ten Cate JM, Moorer WR, Mavridou A, Mandilara G, Stoesser L, Kneist S, Araujo R, Contreras N, Goroncy-Bermes P, Burke F, O'Mullane D, O'Sullivan M, Walker JT. Attitudes of general dental practitioners in Europe to the microbial risk associated with dental unit water systems. Int Dent J 2006; 56:187-95. [PMID: 16972392 DOI: 10.1111/j.1875-595x.2006.tb00093.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Dental Unit Water Systems (DUWS) are used in dental practices to provide water for cooling of dental equipment and irrigation of the oral cavity. However, they have been demonstrated to be contaminated with micro-organisms. There are currently no European Union (EU) Commission guidelines for the microbial quality of water discharged by DUWS. This study was part of an EU research programme to investigate the microbial contamination of DUWS in general dental practice (GDP) in the UK, Denmark, Germany, The Netherlands, Ireland, Greece and Spain. OBJECTIVE To undertake a questionnaire survey on the type of DUWS in use and determine the attitude of GDPs to the risk of microbial infection from DUWS. MATERIALS AND METHODS The questionnaire was written and translated into the language of each country before being posted to each participating dentist. Dentists were asked to complete the questionnaire survey and return it by post. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The major findings were that the majority of dentists did not clean, disinfect or determine the microbial load of their DUWS, and that dentists would welcome regular monitoring and advice on maintaining their DUWS; the introduction of guidelines; and recommendations on controlling the microbial load of DUWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Kamma
- Technological Educational Institute, Athens, Greece
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Schel AJ, Marsh PD, Bradshaw DJ, Finney M, Fulford MR, Frandsen E, Østergaard E, ten Cate JM, Moorer WR, Mavridou A, Kamma JJ, Mandilara G, Stösser L, Kneist S, Araujo R, Contreras N, Goroncy-Bermes P, O'Mullane D, Burke F, O'Reilly P, Hourigan G, O'Sullivan M, Holman R, Walker JT. Comparison of the efficacies of disinfectants to control microbial contamination in dental unit water systems in general dental practices across the European Union. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006; 72:1380-7. [PMID: 16461690 PMCID: PMC1392914 DOI: 10.1128/aem.72.2.1380-1387.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2005] [Accepted: 11/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Water delivered by dental unit water systems (DUWS) in general dental practices can harbor high numbers of bacteria, including opportunistic pathogens. Biofilms on tubing within DUWS provide a reservoir for microorganisms and should be controlled. This study compared disinfection products for their ability to meet the American Dental Association's guideline of <200 CFU x ml(-1) for DUWS water. Alpron, BioBlue, Dentosept, Oxygenal, Sanosil, Sterilex Ultra, and Ster4Spray were tested in DUWS (n = 134) in Denmark, Germany, Greece, Ireland, The Netherlands, Spain, and the United Kingdom. Weekly water samples were tested for total viable counts (TVCs) on yeast extract agar, and, where possible, the effects of products on established biofilm (TVCs) were measured. A 4- to 5-week baseline measurement period was followed by 6 to 8 weeks of disinfection (intermittent or continuous product application). DUWS water TVCs before disinfection ranged from 0 to 5.41 log CFU x ml(-1). Disinfectants achieved reductions in the median water TVC ranging from 0.69 (Ster4Spray) to 3.11 (Dentosept) log CFU x ml(-1), although occasional high values (up to 4.88 log CFU x ml(-1)) occurred with all products. Before treatment, 64% of all baseline samples exceeded American Dental Association guidelines, compared to only 17% following commencement of treatment; where tested, biofilm TVCs were reduced to below detectable levels. The antimicrobial efficacies of products varied (e.g., 91% of water samples from DUWS treated with Dentosept or Oxygenal met American Dental Association guidelines, compared to 60% of those treated with Ster4Spray). Overall, the continuously applied products performed better than those applied intermittently. The most effective products were Dentosept and Oxygenal, although Dentosept gave the most consistent and sustained antimicrobial effect over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Schel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Queralt N, Bartolomé R, Araujo R. Detection of Helicobacter pylori DNA in human faeces and water with different levels of faecal pollution in the north-east of Spain. J Appl Microbiol 2005; 98:889-95. [PMID: 15752335 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2004.02523.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To assess the role of water in the faecal transmission of Helicobacter pylori by detecting the DNA of this pathogen in human faecal samples and environmental water samples with a range of faecal pollution from the north-east of Spain. METHODS AND RESULTS Semi-nested PCR was used to detect H. pylori in stools and water, both matrices with a complex biota. DNA was detected using highly specific primers of an ureA gene fragment. In addition, antigens were used to detect the bacteria in stools. Helicobacter pylori was detected in 33% of 36 human faecal samples and in 66% of wastewater samples, and 11% of river samples, but in none of the spring waters samples. Faecal pollution of the aquatic environment was tested analysing the presence of microbial indicators. CONCLUSIONS We report the presence of H. pylori DNA in stools and in aquatic environments with different levels of faecal pollution, from the north-east of Spain. In this study a higher number of positive results were obtained in the more faecally polluted waters. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY These data indicate that water may be a vector of H. pylori in its faecal-oral route.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Queralt
- Departament de Microbiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Walker JT, Bradshaw DJ, Finney M, Fulford MR, Frandsen E, ØStergaard E, Ten Cate JM, Moorer WR, Schel AJ, Mavridou A, Kamma JJ, Mandilara G, Stösser L, Kneist S, Araujo R, Contreras N, Goroncy-Bermes P, O'Mullane D, Burke F, Forde A, O'Sullivan M, Marsh PD. Microbiological evaluation of dental unit water systems in general dental practice in Europe. Eur J Oral Sci 2004; 112:412-8. [PMID: 15458499 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2004.00151.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A range of opportunistic pathogens have been associated with dental unit water systems (DUWS), particularly in the biofilms that can line the tubing. This study therefore aimed to assess the microbiology of DUWS and biofilms in general dental practices across seven European countries, including the United Kingdom (UK), Ireland (IRL), Greece (GR), Spain (ES), Germany (D), Denmark (DK) and the Netherlands (NL). Water supplied by 51% of 237 dental unit water lines exceeded current American Dental Association recommendations of < or = 200 colony-forming units (CFU) ml(-1). Microbiological loading of the source waters was between 0 (Denmark, the Netherlands and Spain) and 4.67 (IRL) log CFU ml(-1); water line samples from the DUWS ranged from 1.52 (ES) to 2.79 (GR) log CFU ml(-1); and biofilm counts ranged from 1.49 (GR) to 3.22 (DK) log CFU.cm(-2). Opportunistic pathogens such as legionellae (DK and ES), including Legionella pneumophila SG1 (DK and GR), and Mycobacterium spp. (DK, NL, GR, D and ES) were recovered occasionally. Presumptive oral streptococci (ES and NL), oral anaerobes (GR), Candida spp. (UK, NL and ES) and blood (GR and IRL) were detected at relatively low frequencies, but their presence indicated a failure of the 3-in-1 antiretraction valve, leading to back siphonage of oral fluids into the water and biofilm phase. These findings confirm that a substantial proportion of DUWS have high levels of microbial contamination, irrespective of country, type of equipment and source water. The study emphasizes the need for effective mechanisms to reduce the microbial burden within DUWS, and highlights the risk of occupational exposure and cross-infection in general dental practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Walker
- Health Protection Agency, Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
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