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Negative allometry of leaf xylem conduit diameter and double-wall thickness: implications for implosion safety. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:2464-2478. [PMID: 38641796 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Xylem conduits have lignified walls to resist crushing pressures. The thicker the double-wall (T) relative to its diameter (D), the greater the implosion safety. Having safer conduits may incur higher costs and reduced flow, while having less resistant xylem may lead to catastrophic collapse under drought. Although recent studies have shown that conduit implosion commonly occurs in leaves, little is known about how leaf xylem scales T vs D to trade off safety, flow efficiency, mechanical support, and cost. We measured T and D in > 7000 conduits of 122 species to investigate how T vs D scaling varies across clades, habitats, growth forms, leaf, and vein sizes. As conduits become wider, their double-cell walls become proportionally thinner, resulting in a negative allometry between T and D. That is, narrower conduits, which are usually subjected to more negative pressures, are proportionally safer than wider ones. Higher implosion safety (i.e. higher T/D ratios) was found in asterids, arid habitats, shrubs, small leaves, and minor veins. Despite the strong allometry, implosion safety does not clearly trade off with other measured leaf functions, suggesting that implosion safety at whole-leaf level cannot be easily predicted solely by individual conduits' anatomy.
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Genotype Study of Filaggrin Gene Loss-of-Function Mutations in Central India Population with Atopic Dermatitis and Ichthyosis Vulgaris. Indian Dermatol Online J 2023; 14:611-615. [PMID: 37727564 PMCID: PMC10506825 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_636_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A genotype study of filaggrin gene loss-of-function mutations in central India can provide valuable insights into the prevalence and association of these mutations with atopic dermatitis (AD) and ichthyosis vulgaris (IV) in the region. The FLG R501X and 2282del4 are both genetic variants in the human gene called filaggrin gene (FLG), which encodes a protein that plays an important role in the formation and maintenance of the skin barrier. In this study, we determined the FLG R501X and 2282del4 variants association with both AD and IV in Central Indian populations. Materials and Methods This case-control study was conducted in the Departments of Dermatology and Molecular and Virology Research and Diagnostic Laboratory at Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute, Indore (Madhya Pradesh). The study was approved by the Clinical Research and Ethics Committee. A total of 180 patients aged between 3 months - 60 years who attended the skin outpatient department between March-2021 to June-2022 were recruited in this study. Among them, 60 patients were in AD-group, 60 patients in IV-group, and 60 patients were in the healthy control group. Polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used in genotyping for FLG mutations (R501X and 2282del4). Results The most common FLG mutations were R501X (31.6% and 23.3%) and 2282del4 (18.3% and 13.3%) in AD and IV patients with heterozygous (AT) genotype, respectively. The combined mutation (FLG R501X and 2282del4) association was 10% and 5% in the AD and IV groups with heterozygous (AT) genotype, respectively, and in all the patients of control group with wild genotype (AA). There were no significant (P = 0.09) associations found with 2282del14 genotype. Conclusion The R501X mutation in the gene encoding filaggrin is one of the robust genetic associations of AD and IV. The 2282del4 polymorphism was marginally less as compared to R501X.
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Abstract
Quantum entanglement is a key resource in currently developed quantum technologies. Sharing this fragile property between superconducting microwave circuits and optical or atomic systems would enable new functionalities, but this has been hindered by an energy scale mismatch of >104 and the resulting mutually imposed loss and noise. In this work, we created and verified entanglement between microwave and optical fields in a millikelvin environment. Using an optically pulsed superconducting electro-optical device, we show entanglement between propagating microwave and optical fields in the continuous variable domain. This achievement not only paves the way for entanglement between superconducting circuits and telecom wavelength light, but also has wide-ranging implications for hybrid quantum networks in the context of modularization, scaling, sensing, and cross-platform verification.
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Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Woodfordia fruticosa (L) Kurz: A Comprehensive Review. Indian J Pharm Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.1062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
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Can the cardioprotective effect of microRNA-103 inhibitors be extended to women with polycystic ovary syndrome? EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022; 26:1070-1072. [PMID: 35253160 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202202_28094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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Recent Development in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance as a Technique for Quantitative Method Validation. Indian J Pharm Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.36468/pharmaceutical-sciences.865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Priorities and preferences for school-based mental health services in India: a multi-stakeholder study with adolescents, parents, school staff, and mental health providers. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2019; 6:e18. [PMID: 31531228 PMCID: PMC6737585 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2019.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schools are important settings for increasing reach and uptake of adolescent mental health interventions. There is limited consensus on the focus and content of school-based mental health services (SBMHSs), particularly in low-resource settings. This study elicited the views of diverse stakeholders in two urban settings in India about their priorities and preferences for SBMHSs. METHODS We completed semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with adolescents (n = 191), parents (n = 9), teachers (n = 78), school counsellors (n = 15), clinical psychologists/psychiatrists (n = 7) in two urban sites in India (Delhi and Goa). Qualitative data were obtained on prioritized outcomes, preferred content and delivery methods, and indicated barriers. RESULTS All stakeholders indicated the need for and acceptability of SBMHSs. Adolescents prioritized resolution of life problems and exhibited a preference for practical guidance. Parents and teachers emphasized functional outcomes and preferred to be involved in interventions. In contrast, adolescents' favored limited involvement from parents and teachers, was related to widespread concerns about confidentiality. Face-to-face counselling was deemed to be the most acceptable delivery format; self-help was less frequently endorsed but was relatively more acceptable if blended with guidance or delivered using digital technology. Structured sensitization was recommended to promote adolescent's engagement. Providers endorsed a stepped care approach to address different levels of mental health need among adolescents. CONCLUSION SBMHSs are desired by adolescents and adult stakeholders in this setting where few such services exist. Sensitization activities are required to support implementation. School counsellors have an important role in identifying and treating adolescents with different levels of mental health needs, and a suite of interventions is needed to target these needs effectively and efficiently.
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978 Enhanced platelet-activating factor synthesis facilitates acute and delayed effects of intoxicated thermal burn injury. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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577 PPARγ activation is necessary for normal contact hypersensitivity responses and may promote cutaneous anti-tumor immune responses. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.02.616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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NEUROSURGERY. Neuro Oncol 2014; 16:i105-i108. [PMCID: PMC4046293 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/nou077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
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Congenital paediatric atlantoaxial dislocation: clinico-radiological profile and surgical outcome. Childs Nerv Syst 2012; 28:1943-50. [PMID: 22645063 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-012-1801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Congenital atlantoaxial dislocation (AAD) is the most common bony abnormality affecting the craniovertebral junction. The paediatric population has specific problems like preoperative diagnostic difficulties, precise neurological examination, radiological diagnosis, surgical problems including physical fitness to tolerate surgery (including problems of anaesthesia), technical difficulties in surgery and problems related to immobilization. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 229 consecutive paediatric (≤18 years) patients of AAD visited our centre from the period of January 1997 to August 2011. Twenty-nine cases were excluded from the study as these cases were diagnosed as CVJ tuberculosis, 31 cases were excluded as they were traumatic and the remaining 169 cases were retrospectively analysed. These patients were operated by a single experienced surgeon (the senior author) at the Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow. The preoperative and the postoperative clinical evaluation of the patient was done by the Kumar and Kalra myelopathic scoring system. The score was recorded in the preoperative period, at the time of discharge, at 3 months follow-up and at 6 months follow-up. RESULTS Ninety-four were males and 75 were females. The age range was 4 to 18 years with mean age 9.96±3.78 years. The follow-up ranged from 3 to 120 months with mean follow-up being 39.03±13.38 months. One hundred five cases were of fixed/irreducible AAD, and 64 were cases of mobile/reducible AAD. Majority of these cases presented with features of pyramidal tract involvement, and 108 cases had compromised pulmonary function test. One hundred thirty-seven cases had improved outcome, and 18 cases were in the same grade in the postoperative period with only 14 cases either deteriorated or died. CONCLUSIONS Congenital paediatric AAD are a different subset of abnormalities and have a satisfactory outcome. Preoperative evaluation must also include identification of various syndromes associated with paediatric AAD and respiratory reserve. Cormack-Lehane grade can be helpful in selecting borderline cases for postoperative need of tracheostomy. Majority of the cases have a good outcome, and therefore, surgery should be offered even in severe grade.
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FEMALE (IN)FERTILITY. Hum Reprod 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/27.s2.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Abstract
The mandibular canal transmits the inferior alveolar artery, vein and the inferior alveolar nerve. From an embryological perspective, there might be three inferior dental nerves innervating three groups of mandibular teeth. During rapid prenatal growth and remodeling in the ramus region there is spread of intramembranous ossification that eventually forms the mandibular canal. Occurrence of bifid/trifid mandibular canals in some patients is secondary to incomplete fusion of these three nerves. Various types of bifid mandibular canals have been classified according to anatomical location and configuration. This case report highlights an unusual variant of the mandibular canal.
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Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of amlodipine besylate and atorvastatin calcium in binary mixture. Indian J Pharm Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.32119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Bivariate- distribution for transition matrix elements in Breit-Wigner to Gaussian domains of interacting particle systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2006; 73:047203. [PMID: 16711957 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.73.047203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2005] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Interacting many-particle systems with a mean-field one-body part plus a chaos generating random two-body interaction having strength lambda exhibit Poisson to Gaussian orthogonal ensemble and Breit-Wigner (BW) to Gaussian transitions in level fluctuations and strength functions with transition points marked by lambda = lambda c and lambda = lambda F, respectively; lambda F >> lambda c. For these systems a theory for the matrix elements of one-body transition operators is available, as valid in the Gaussian domain, with lambda > lambda F, in terms of orbital occupation numbers, level densities, and an integral involving a bivariate Gaussian in the initial and final energies. Here we show that, using a bivariate-t distribution, the theory extends below from the Gaussian regime to the BW regime up to lambda = lambda c. This is well tested in numerical calculations for 6 spinless fermions in 12 single-particle states.
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Simultaneous spectrophotometric estimation of famotidine and domperidone in combined tablet dosage form. Indian J Pharm Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.27828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Simultaneous spectrophotometric estimation of hydrochlorothiazide and bisoprolol fumarate in combined dosage forms. Indian J Pharm Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.31011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Single-particle entropy in (1+2)-body random matrix ensembles. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2002; 66:037103. [PMID: 12366299 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.66.037103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2002] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Random matrix ensembles defined by a mean-field one-body plus a chaos generating random two-body interaction (called embedded Gaussian orthogonal ensembles of (1+2)-body interactions[EGOE(1+2)]) predict for the entropy defined by the occupation numbers of single-particle states, in the chaotic domain, an essentially one parameter Gaussian form for their energy dependence. Numerical embedded ensemble calculations are compared with the theory. In addition, it is shown that the single-particle entropy, thermodynamic entropy defined by the state density and information entropy defined by wave functions in the mean-field basis for EGOE(1+2) describe the results known for interacting Fermi systems such as those obtained from nuclear shell model.
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Heavy metal pollution of river Yamuna in the industrially developing state of Haryana. INDIAN JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2001; 43:164-8. [PMID: 12395521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal concentrations viz. Fe, Ni, Pb, Cd, Co, Zn in the river Yamuna flowing along the state of Haryana through Delhi have been reported selecting 16 stations covering the upstream and downstream stations for major industrial complexes of the state. While Fe, Ni and Co concentrations exceeded the maximum permissible limits prescribed for drinking all along the river, the Cd concentrations crossed the acceptable standards in Delhi downstream. The Pb concentrations declined in the eutrophicated Delhi downstream while Zn concentrations remained within desirable limits throughout. Peak concentrations were recorded in Delhi downstream for Fe and at Sonepat-Gohana downstream for Ni, Co & Zn, which matched with the type of industrial inputs viz. Iron-works and the electroplating, galvanizing & cycle industries, respectively. The status of heavy metal pollution of the river has been discussed with respect to possible impacts on human health and aquatic life.
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Structure of wave functions in (1+2)-body random matrix ensembles. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2001; 64:016219. [PMID: 11461379 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.016219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Random matrix ensembles defined by a mean-field one body plus a chaos generating random two-body interaction [called embedded ensembles of (1+2)-body interactions] predict for wave functions, in the chaotic domain, an essentially one-parameter Gaussian forms for the energy dependence of the number of principal components (NPC) and the localization length l(H) (defined by information entropy), which are two important measures of chaos in finite interacting many-particle systems. Numerical embedded ensemble calculations and nuclear shell-model results, for NPC and l(H), are compared with the theory. These analyses clearly point out that for realistic finite interacting many-particle systems, in the chaotic domain, wave-function structure is given by (1+2)-body embedded random matrix ensembles.
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Theory for matrix elements of one-body transition operators in the quantum chaotic domain of interacting particle systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 2000; 62:3568-71. [PMID: 11088857 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.62.3568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2000] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Demonstrating the equivalence between the recent theory of Flambaum and collaborators which is based on smoothed strength functions, with the much earlier formulation due to French and collaborators which is based on embedded random matrix ensembles and smoothed transition strength densities, we derive a theory for matrix elements of one-body transition operators in the quantum chaotic domain of isolated finite interacting particle systems with a mean-field and a chaos generating two-body interaction (V). The role of the bivariate correlation coefficient (zeta) arising out of the noncommutability of V and the transition operator (in the theory of Flambaum et al., zeta=0) is tested in numerical embedded ensemble calculations with a one- plus two-body Hamiltonian generating order-chaos transitions.
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Extraction and spectrophotometric determination of Pd(II) with 3,4,4a,5-tetrahydro-3,3,4a-trimethyl-7-(substituted)-pyrimido(1,6-a)-benzimidazole-1-thiol (PBT). Talanta 1995; 42:401-5. [DOI: 10.1016/0039-9140(95)01423-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/1994] [Revised: 09/19/1994] [Accepted: 09/19/1994] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hot and dense asymmetric nuclear matter. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1993; 48:1056-1061. [PMID: 9968936 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.48.1056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Pion dressing of nucleons and nuclear forces: Nonperturbative approach. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1992; 45:2079-2093. [PMID: 9967971 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.45.2079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Hot nuclear and neutron matter with a density-dependent interaction. PHYSICAL REVIEW. C, NUCLEAR PHYSICS 1992; 45:2217-2225. [PMID: 9967982 DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.45.2217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Studies in nickel(IV) chemistry. Electron transfer kinetics of the reaction between tris(dimethylglyoximato)nickelate(IV) and hexacyanoferrate(II) in aqueous medium. INT J CHEM KINET 1983. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.550150811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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