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Final Measurement of the ^{235}U Antineutrino Energy Spectrum with the PROSPECT-I Detector at HFIR. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:021802. [PMID: 37505961 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.021802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
This Letter reports one of the most precise measurements to date of the antineutrino spectrum from a purely ^{235}U-fueled reactor, made with the final dataset from the PROSPECT-I detector at the High Flux Isotope Reactor. By extracting information from previously unused detector segments, this analysis effectively doubles the statistics of the previous PROSPECT measurement. The reconstructed energy spectrum is unfolded into antineutrino energy and compared with both the Huber-Mueller model and a spectrum from a commercial reactor burning multiple fuel isotopes. A local excess over the model is observed in the 5-7 MeV energy region. Comparison of the PROSPECT results with those from commercial reactors provides new constraints on the origin of this excess, disfavoring at 2.0 and 3.7 standard deviations the hypotheses that antineutrinos from ^{235}U are solely responsible and noncontributors to the excess observed at commercial reactors, respectively.
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Cost-Effectiveness of Shortening Treatment Duration Based on Interim PET Outcome in Patients With Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA, MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2022; 22:382-392. [PMID: 34953740 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guideline recommendations for diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treatment are shifting from long to short treatment duration, although it is still unclear whether shortening treatment duration does not cause any harm. As interim PET (I-PET) has high negative predictive value for progression, we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of shortening treatment duration dependent on I-PET result. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed a Markov cohort model using the PET Re-Analysis (PETRA) database to evaluate a long treatment duration (LTD) strategy, ie 8x R-CHOP or 6x R-CHOP plus 2 R, and a short treatment duration (STD) strategy, ie 6x R-CHOP. Strategies were evaluated separately in I-PET2 positive and I-PET2 negative patients. Outcomes included total costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) per patient (pp) from a societal perspective. Net monetary benefit (NMB) per strategy was calculated using a willingness-to-pay threshold of €50,000/QALY. Robustness of model predictions was assessed in sensitivity analyses. RESULTS In I-PET2 positive patients, shortening treatment duration led to 50.4 additional deaths per 1000 patients. The STD strategy was less effective (-0.161 [95%CI: -0.343;0.028] QALYs pp) and less costly (-€2768 [95%CI: -€8420;€1105] pp). Shortening treatment duration was not cost-effective (incremental NMB -€5281). In I-PET2 negative patients, shortening treatment duration led to 5.0 additional deaths per 1000 patients and a minor difference in effectiveness (-0.007 [95%CI: -0.136;0.140] QALY pp). The STD strategy was less costly (-€5807 [95%CI: -€10,724;-€2685] pp) and led to an incremental NMB of €5449, indicating that it is cost-effective to shorten treatment duration. Robustness of these findings was underpinned by deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSION Treatment duration should not be shortened in I-PET2 positive patients whereas it is cost-effective to shorten treatment duration in I-PET2 negative patients.
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Systemic Activin Is Elevated in Patients With Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis. GASTRO HEP ADVANCES 2022; 1:147-149. [PMID: 35602917 PMCID: PMC9119346 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastha.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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A UK POPULATION‐BASED STUDY OF NON‐HODGKIN LYMPHOMA IN TEENAGERS AND YOUNG ADULTS (TYA) DELAYED DIAGNOSIS AND DEATH. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.120_2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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A UK POPULATION‐BASED STUDY OF NON‐HODGKIN LYMPHOMA IN TEENAGERS AND YOUNG ADULTS (TYA) ‐ INCIDENCE, TREATMENT AND OUTCOMES. Hematol Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.39_2879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Perioperative intravenous contrast administration and the incidence of acute kidney injury after major gastrointestinal surgery: prospective, multicentre cohort study. Br J Surg 2020; 107:1023-1032. [PMID: 32026470 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.11453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the impact of preoperative exposure to intravenous contrast for CT and the risk of developing postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. METHODS This prospective, multicentre cohort study included adults undergoing gastrointestinal resection, stoma reversal or liver resection. Both elective and emergency procedures were included. Preoperative exposure to intravenous contrast was defined as exposure to contrast administered for the purposes of CT up to 7 days before surgery. The primary endpoint was the rate of AKI within 7 days. Propensity score-matched models were adjusted for patient, disease and operative variables. In a sensitivity analysis, a propensity score-matched model explored the association between preoperative exposure to contrast and AKI in the first 48 h after surgery. RESULTS A total of 5378 patients were included across 173 centres. Overall, 1249 patients (23·2 per cent) received intravenous contrast. The overall rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery was 13·4 per cent (718 of 5378). In the propensity score-matched model, preoperative exposure to contrast was not associated with AKI within 7 days (odds ratio (OR) 0·95, 95 per cent c.i. 0·73 to 1·21; P = 0·669). The sensitivity analysis showed no association between preoperative contrast administration and AKI within 48 h after operation (OR 1·09, 0·84 to 1·41; P = 0·498). CONCLUSION There was no association between preoperative intravenous contrast administered for CT up to 7 days before surgery and postoperative AKI. Risk of contrast-induced nephropathy should not be used as a reason to avoid contrast-enhanced CT.
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Electron Capture Gas-Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Methyl Mercury in Fish and Shellfish: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/66.5.1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A method for determining methyl mercury in fish and shellfish was collaboratively studied in 8 laboratories. Methyl mercury is isolated from acetonewashed, homogenized tissue by adding hydrochloric acid and extracting into benzene the methyl mercuric chloride that is formed. The benzene extract is concentrated and analyzed for methyl mercuric chloride by electron capture gas-liquid chromatography on 5% DEGS-PS treated with inorganic mercuric chloride solution. The quantitation limit for the method is 0.05 μg Hg/g. Each collaborator determined methyl mercury at 2 levels in blind duplicate samples of swordfish, tuna, oyster, and shrimp tissues. Both fortified and unfortified samples were analyzed. Methyl-bound mercury in the samples ranged from 0.15 to 148 μg Hg/g. The reproducibility coefficients of variation for the 8 samples ranged from 3 to 13%. The accuracy, measured by comparison to reference values, ranged from 99 to 120%. Reference values were determined in the Associate Referee's laboratory by replicate analyses of the fortified and unfortified samples. The method has been adopted official first action.
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A multi-centred, prospective, observational study of a first-generation novel human lipase pH test for siting nasogastric feeding tubes in adult patients. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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High Pressure Liquid Chromatographic Method for Indole in Shrimp: Development of Method and Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/64.3.592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A collaborative study on the determination of indole in shrimp was conducted in which a high pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method and a spectrofluorometric method were compared with the AOAC gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) method (18.075–18.078,13th ed.). In the HPLC method, 10 g shrimp was blended with methanol, an internal standard was added, and the extract was filtered. Indole was separated on an octadecylsilane reverse phase column, using 60% MeOH-H2O, and quantitated with a fluorescence detector (excitation 280 nm, emission 330 nm) by comparing the indole peak height with that of an internal standard, 2-methylindole. Recoveries at a 25 μg/100 g level averaged 104% with a range of 90–127%, and at a level of 35 μg/100 g averaged 102% with a range of 93–112%. In the spectrofluorometric method, 25 g shrimp was extracted with 2% EtOAc-hexane. After several washes, indole was partitioned into a saturated NaCl-MeOH solution and its fluorescence was measured (excitation 280 nm, emission 332 nm). Recoveries at a 25 μg/100 g level averaged 93% with a range of 0–255% and at a level of 35 μg/100 g averaged 64% with a range of 0–107%. Recoveries obtained by the AOAC-GLC method at a level of 25 μg/100 g averaged 96% with a range of 81–116% and at a level of 35 μg/100 g averaged 101% with a range of 81–119%. The coefficients of variation were 20,10, and 64% at a 25 μg/100 g level for the GLC method, the HPLC method, and the spectrofluorometric method, respectively. The HPLC method was adopted as official first action for indole levels in shrimp exceeding 1 μg/100 g.
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Abstract
The UCNA experiment was designed to measure the neutron β-asymmetry parameter A0 using polarized ultracold neutrons (UCN). UCN produced via downscattering in solid deuterium were polarized via transport through a 7 T magnetic field, and then directed to a 1 T solenoidal electron spectrometer, where the decay electrons were detected in electron detector packages located on the two ends of the spectrometer. A value for A0 was then extracted from the asymmetry in the numbers of counts in the two detector packages. We summarize all of the results from the UCNA experiment, obtained during run periods in 2007, 2008–2009, 2010, and 2011–2013, which ultimately culminated in a 0.67% precision result for A0.
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Abstract
Novel experimental techniques are required to make the next big leap in neutron electric dipole moment experimental sensitivity, both in terms of statistics and systematic error control. The nEDM experiment at the Spallation Neutron Source (nEDM@SNS) will implement the scheme of Golub & Lamoreaux [Phys. Rep., 237, 1 (1994)]. The unique properties of combining polarized ultracold neutrons, polarized 3He, and superfluid 4He will be exploited to provide a sensitivity to ∼ 10−28 e · cm. Our cryogenic apparatus will deploy two small (3 L) measurement cells with a high density of ultracold neutrons produced and spin analyzed in situ. The electric field strength, precession time, magnetic shielding, and detected UCN number will all be enhanced compared to previous room temperature Ramsey measurements. Our 3He co-magnetometer offers unique control of systematic effects, in particular the Bloch-Siegert induced false EDM. Furthermore, there will be two distinct measurement modes: free precession and dressed spin. This will provide an important self-check of our results. Following five years of “critical component demonstration,” our collaboration transitioned to a “large scale integration” phase in 2018. An overview of our measurement techniques, experimental design, and brief updates are described in these proceedings.
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First Measurement of Inclusive Muon Neutrino Charged Current Differential Cross Sections on Argon at E_{ν}∼0.8 GeV with the MicroBooNE Detector. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:131801. [PMID: 31697542 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.131801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurement of the double-differential and total muon neutrino charged current inclusive cross sections on argon at a mean neutrino energy of 0.8 GeV. Data were collected using the MicroBooNE liquid argon time projection chamber located in the Fermilab Booster neutrino beam and correspond to 1.6×10^{20} protons on target of exposure. The measured differential cross sections are presented as a function of muon momentum, using multiple Coulomb scattering as a momentum measurement technique, and the muon angle with respect to the beam direction. We compare the measured cross sections to multiple neutrino event generators and find better agreement with those containing more complete treatment of quasielastic scattering processes at low Q^{2}. The total flux integrated cross section is measured to be 0.693±0.010(stat)±0.165(syst)×10^{-38} cm^{2}.
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Comment on ‘The detection rate of human papillomavirus in well‐differentiated squamous cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma: is there new evidence for a viral pathogenesis of keratoacanthoma?’. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:1343-1345. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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P107 Implementation of a first growth MRSA eradication protocol in children with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(19)30401-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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NON-HODGKIN LYMPHOMA IN ADOLESCENT AND YOUNG ADULTS - A NATIONAL PROSPECTIVE POPULATION-BASED STUDY. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.23_2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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First measurement of
νμ
charged-current
π0
production on argon with the MicroBooNE detector. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.99.091102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Critical care usage after major gastrointestinal and liver surgery: a prospective, multicentre observational study. Br J Anaesth 2019; 122:42-50. [PMID: 30579405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient selection for critical care admission must balance patient safety with optimal resource allocation. This study aimed to determine the relationship between critical care admission, and postoperative mortality after abdominal surgery. METHODS This prespecified secondary analysis of a multicentre, prospective, observational study included consecutive patients enrolled in the DISCOVER study from UK and Republic of Ireland undergoing major gastrointestinal and liver surgery between October and December 2014. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Multivariate logistic regression was used to explore associations between critical care admission (planned and unplanned) and mortality, and inter-centre variation in critical care admission after emergency laparotomy. RESULTS Of 4529 patients included, 37.8% (n=1713) underwent planned critical care admissions from theatre. Some 3.1% (n=86/2816) admitted to ward-level care subsequently underwent unplanned critical care admission. Overall 30-day mortality was 2.9% (n=133/4519), and the risk-adjusted association between 30-day mortality and critical care admission was higher in unplanned [odds ratio (OR): 8.65, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.51-19.97) than planned admissions (OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.43-3.85). Some 26.7% of patients (n=1210/4529) underwent emergency laparotomies. After adjustment, 49.3% (95% CI: 46.8-51.9%, P<0.001) were predicted to have planned critical care admissions, with 7% (n=10/145) of centres outside the 95% CI. CONCLUSIONS After risk adjustment, no 30-day survival benefit was identified for either planned or unplanned postoperative admissions to critical care within this cohort. This likely represents appropriate admission of the highest-risk patients. Planned admissions in selected, intermediate-risk patients may present a strategy to mitigate the risk of unplanned admission. Substantial inter-centre variation exists in planned critical care admissions after emergency laparotomies.
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Search for neutron dark decay: n → χ + e+e−. EPJ WEB OF CONFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/201921905008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In January, 2018, Fornal and Grinstein proposed that a previously unobserved neutron decay branch to a dark matter particle (χ) could account for the discrepancy in the neutron lifetime observed in two different types of experiments. One of the possible final states discussed includes a single χ along with an e+e− pair. We use data from the UCNA (Ultracold Neutron Asymmetry) experiment to set limits on this decay channel. Coincident electron-like events are detected with ∼ 4π acceptance using a pair of detectors that observe a volume of stored Ultracold Neutrons (UCNs). We use the timing information of coincidence events to select candidate dark sector particle decays by applying a timing calibration and selecting events within a physically-forbidden timing region for conventional n → p + e- + ν̅e decays. The summed kinetic energy (Ee+e−) from such events is reconstructed and used to set limits, as a function of the χ mass, on the branching fraction for this decay channel.
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An unusual case of multiple nodules on the lower legs. Clin Exp Dermatol 2018; 43:959-961. [DOI: 10.1111/ced.13664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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High complete resection rate for pre-lift and cold biopsy of diminutive colorectal polyps. Endosc Int Open 2018; 6:E173-E178. [PMID: 29399614 PMCID: PMC5794434 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-121874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS The majority of polyps removed at colonoscopy are diminutive (≤ 5 mm) to small (< 10 mm) and there are few guidelines for the best way for these polyps to be removed. We aimed to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of cold biopsy forceps polypectomy with pre-lift (CBPP) for polyps ≤ 7 mm. Our aims were to assess completeness of histological resection of this technique, to identify factors contributing to this and assess secondary considerations such as timing, retrieval and complication rates. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study on consecutive patients receiving a colonoscopy at Cheltenham General Hospital, as part of the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (BCSP) in England. The study included only polyps that were judged as ≤ 7 mm by the colonoscopist. A small sub-mucosal pre-lift injection was administered prior to removal of the polyp using cold biopsy forceps. One or more biopsies were taken until the polyp was confidently assessed visually as being completely removed by the colonoscopist. The entire polypectomy site was then removed en bloc by endomucosal resection (EMR) with a margin of at least 1 to 2 mm around defect. This was sent for histopathological analysis to assess completeness of resection. Polypectomy timing, tissue retrieval, number of bites required for visual resection and complications were recorded at the time of the procedure. RESULTS Sixty-four patients were recruited and consented. Of them, 42 patients had a total of 60 polyps resected. Three patients had inflammatory polyps and were excluded from the study, leaving 57/60 polyps for final analysis. Seventeen were hyperplastic and 40 adenomatous polyps. Retrieval was complete for all 57 polyps and there were no complications both during or post- polypectomy. The complete resection rate (CRR) was 86 %. The technique was more effective in smaller polyps with 91.7 % of diminutive polyps (≤ 5 mm) completely excised. CONCLUSIONS CBPP is a safe and highly effective technique for polyps < 5 mm with a high complete resection and retrieval rate. The time taken for the procedure is significantly greater than cold forceps alone, or cold snare as seen in other studies.
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Modelling activity-dependent changes of velocity in C-fibers. Scand J Pain 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sjpain.2017.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
When C-nociceptors are activated repeatedly using electrical stimulation at relatively low frequencies (0.125–2 Hz), their propagation velocity will decrease. This is referred to as activity-dependent slowing (ADS). The main reason why activity-dependent changes in velocity are of interest is that they can be recorded directly, using invasive methods (microneurography), in patients with chronic pain. Interestingly, in certain patients with neuropathic pain, reduced activity-dependent slowing of conduction has been observed, indicating that these axons have an increased excitability. Through a computational model, it is possible to link such velocity alterations with changes in active conductances, opening for an understanding the underlying excitability changes occurring in these patients.
Methods
We have developed a detailed multicompartment model of a C-nociceptor fiber. This model incorporates a wide range of voltage-gated ion channels (Nav1.7, Nav1.8, Nav1.9, K
dr, K
A, K
M, K
Na and h) which were implemented across a detailed and realistic axon morphology.
Results
The model predicts that the small diameter of the axon can accumulate intracellular sodium when it is repeatedly activated in a similar fashion as during single fiber microneurography. This increase of intracellular sodium concentration can shift the balance between ion channel currents, shift the membrane potential and membrane input resistance, and thereby generate activity-dependent changes of velocity, such as ADS as well as recovery cycle supernormality.
Conclusions
Our results thus provide insight into how activity-dependent excitability changes can be generated in C-fibers. By identifying which ion channels are contributing to activity-dependent changes of velocity this could provide insight into ion channel alterations in neuropathic pain patients.
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Review of the TLK Activities Related to Water Detritiation, Isotope Separation Based on Cryogenic Distillation and Development of Barriers Against Tritium Permeation. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15361055.2017.1288057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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A recently changed, long-standing nodule on the chest wall. Clin Exp Dermatol 2017; 42:223-225. [DOI: 10.1111/ced.13001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Interaction of Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide, Nitric Oxide and Histamine Release in Neurogenic Blood Flow and Afferent Activation in The Rat Cranial Dura Mater. Cephalalgia 2016; 27:481-91. [PMID: 17441973 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01321.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), nitric oxide (NO) and histamine are implicated in primary headaches but their role in vascular and nociceptive events in the dura mater is not well described. In an in vitro preparation of the hemisected rat skull, CGRP and histamine release from the cranial dura was measured using enzyme-linked immunoassays. While the NO donator NONOate (10-4 M) was without effect, CGRP (10-5 M) induced considerable histamine release from the rat cranial dura, which was blocked by the CGRP receptor antagonist CGRP8-37 (10-5 M). Conversely, histamine (10-4 M) did not stimulate CGRP release. In vitro recordings from single rat meningeal afferents showed that only one of 12 mechanically identified units but several mechanically insensitive units responded to histamine (up to 10-5 M). Increases in meningeal blood flow after histamine application (10-4 M) to the rat cranial dura remained unchanged during CGRP receptor blockade with CGRP8-37, inhibition of NO synthesis with L-NAME (20 mg/kg i.v.) and H3 receptor blockade with thioperamide (10-4 M). We conclude that histamine produces direct vasodilatation and activates a subset of largely non-mechanically sensitive, non-CGRP containing afferents in the rat meninges. Histamine is released from meningeal mast cells which are stimulated by CGRP. Similar mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of headaches.
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THU0429 The Risk of Incident Liver Disease among Patients with Psoriasis, Psoriatic Arthritis, and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Table 1. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.2177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Moderated Posters session: cardiovascular magnetic resonanceP967Simplified segmental calculation of extracellular volume with T1 mapping for evaluation of diffuse interstitial fibrosisP968Diffuse myocardial fibrosis quantification by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with aortic valve diseasesP969Occult anthracycline cardiac injury in adolescents and young adults cancer survivors with normal left ventricular ejection fractionP970Reference values for regional and global myocardial T2 mapping with cardiovascular magnetic resonance at 1.5T vs 3TP971The accuracy of a real-time MR method in the assessment of right ventricular volume and functionP972Can blunted heart rate response to adenosine vasodilator stress have prognostic implications on myocardial perfusion imaging by cardiovascular magnetic resonance?P973Association of vitamin d with left atrial fibrosis in patients with lone AF undergoing cryoablationP974Left ventricular remodelling after mitral valve reconstruction: a 1-year prospective cMRI studyP975Abnormal regional myocardial motion in patients with left ventricular pressure overload detected by MR tissue phase mapping at rest and during stressP976Potential utility of splenic switch-off to improve the diagnostic performance of vasodilator stress cardiac magnetic resonance. Preliminary study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jev273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Swollen and tender left nipple. Clin Exp Dermatol 2015; 41:445-8. [PMID: 26442477 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Effekte von NGF und GDNF auf NaV-abhängige Leitung einzelner Aktionspotentiale in kultivierten porcinen DRG-Neuriten. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1549567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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An unusual case of multiple facial papules? Clin Exp Dermatol 2015; 40:463-5. [PMID: 25824644 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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X-linked dyskeratosis congenita presenting in adulthood with photodamaged skin and epiphora. Clin Exp Dermatol 2015; 39:310-4. [PMID: 24635067 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous multisystem bone marrow failure disorder of telomere maintenance, which may present with dermatological features. The main cause of mortality is bone marrow failure, often developing in the second decade of life, although pulmonary disease and malignancies such as squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) may also prove fatal. We report the case of a 28-year-old man with X-linked DC and confirmed DKC1 gene mutation. In addition to the classic triad of nail dystrophy, hyperpigmentation and oral leucoplakia, the patient had actinic keratosis (AK) and photodamaged skin, hitherto under-recognized features of this condition. Awareness of the clinical presentation of DC is important, as accurate clinical and molecular diagnosis affords patients and their families genetic counselling, cancer prevention and screening measures, and planning for complications such as bone marrow failure.
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Factors Associated with Hospitalization of Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Hypoglycemic Episodes Assisted at Emergency Departments. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A337. [PMID: 27200605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Hipos-ER (Hypoglycemia in Portugal Observational Study - Emergency Room): Clinical Outcomes in the Emergency Room. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A332. [PMID: 27200577 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Hipos-ER (Hypoglycemia in Portugal Observational Study - Emergency Room): Outcomes with Different Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A332. [PMID: 27200576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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Hipos-ER (Hypoglycemia in Portugal Observational Study - Emergency Room): Clinical Outcomes in Admitted Patients. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A332. [PMID: 27200579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
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P851: Tracking the spatiotemporal profile of cortical and peripheral motor axon hyperexcitability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Clin Neurophysiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1388-2457(14)50881-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Spectral measurement of electron antineutrino oscillation amplitude and frequency at Daya Bay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 112:061801. [PMID: 24580686 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.061801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A measurement of the energy dependence of antineutrino disappearance at the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment is reported. Electron antineutrinos (ν¯(e)) from six 2.9 GW(th) reactors were detected with six detectors deployed in two near (effective baselines 512 and 561 m) and one far (1579 m) underground experimental halls. Using 217 days of data, 41 589 (203 809 and 92 912) antineutrino candidates were detected in the far hall (near halls). An improved measurement of the oscillation amplitude sin(2)2θ(13)=0.090(-0.009)(+0.008) and the first direct measurement of the ν¯(e) mass-squared difference |Δm(ee)2|=(2.59(-0.20)(+0.19))×10(-3) eV2 is obtained using the observed ν¯(e) rates and energy spectra in a three-neutrino framework. This value of |Δm(ee)2| is consistent with |Δm(μμ)2| measured by muon neutrino disappearance, supporting the three-flavor oscillation model.
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Predicting complicated Crohn's disease and surgery: phenotypes, genetics, serology and psychological characteristics of a population-based cohort. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2013; 38:274-83. [PMID: 23725363 DOI: 10.1111/apt.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predictors of complicated Crohn's disease (CD), defined as stricturing or penetrating behaviour, and surgery have largely been derived from referral centre populations. AIM To investigate whether serological markers, susceptibility genes or psychological characteristics are associated with complicated CD or surgery in a population-based cohort. METHODS One hundred and eighty-two members of the Manitoba IBD Cohort with CD phenotyped using the Montreal classification underwent genetic and serological analysis at enrolment and after 5 years. One hundred and twenty-seven had paired sera at baseline and 5 years later and their data were used to predict outcomes at a median of 9.3 years. Serological analysis consisted of a seven antibody panel, and DNA was tested for CD-associated NOD2 variants (rs2066845,rs2076756,rs2066847), ATG16L1 (rs3828309, rs2241880) and IL23R (rs11465804). Psychological characteristics were assessed using semi-structured interviews and validated survey measures. RESULTS Sixty-five per cent had complicated CD and 42% underwent surgery. Multivariate analysis indicated that only ASCA IgG-positive serology was predictive of stricturing/penetrating behaviour (OR = 3.01; 95% CI: 1.28-7.09; P = 0.01) and ileal CD (OR = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.07-4.54, P = 0.03). Complicated CD behaviour was strongly associated with surgery (OR = 5.6; 95% CI: 2.43-12.91; P < 0.0001), whereas in multivariate analysis, only ASCA IgG was associated (OR = 2.66; 95% CI, 1.40-5.06, P = 0.003). ASCA titre results were similar at baseline and follow-up. Psychological characteristics were not significantly associated with disease behaviour, serological profile or genotype. CONCLUSIONS ASCA IgG at baseline was significantly associated with stricturing/penetrating disease at 9-10 years from diagnosis. Stricturing/penetrating disease was significantly associated with surgery. In a model including serology, the genotypes assessed did not significantly associate with complicated disease or surgery.
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Investigating the feasibility of mid infrared spectroscopy for monitoring an industrial de-racemization biotransformation process. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 779:50-5. [PMID: 23663671 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Biotransformation processes have become industrially important in recent years as routes to the manufacture of high value chemical intermediates. However, measurements of key process features and analyte concentrations during these processes are still typically carried out using off-line analysis methods. Vibrational spectroscopic techniques have been extensively utilised for the monitoring and control of a variety of industrial processes. Despite the techniques success with a range of challenging biological matrices, including fermentation and cell culture systems, application of this approach to biotransformation systems has been limited. In the present study the potential of mid infrared spectroscopy to monitor an industrially relevant de-racemization biotransformation process has been investigated. This process presents a number of difficulties due to the optically challenging sample media, close structural similarities and stoichiometric relationship between the key analytes of interest. A PLS model based on the mid infrared spectra obtained during three replicates of the biotransformation process was constructed. In order to ensure that co-linearity within the system had been adequately addressed the spectral contributors to the model were examined. External validation of the constructed model was achieved by challenging the model with two previously unseen replicates of the process. The constructed model was able to predict the concentrations of two key analytes in various samples from these unseen replicates without the requirement for any time consuming sample pre-treatment stages, thus demonstrating the feasibility of near real-time mid infrared monitoring of such an industrial de-racemization biotransformation process.
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Outcome of critically ill patients with haematological malignancy admitted to the ICU as an emergency. Crit Care 2013. [PMCID: PMC3643159 DOI: 10.1186/cc12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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A slowly growing tumour under the nail. Clin Exp Dermatol 2013; 38:433-5. [PMID: 23496377 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Performance of the Los Alamos National Laboratory spallation-driven solid-deuterium ultra-cold neutron source. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2013; 84:013304. [PMID: 23387639 DOI: 10.1063/1.4770063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we describe the performance of the Los Alamos spallation-driven solid-deuterium ultra-cold neutron (UCN) source. Measurements of the cold neutron flux, the very low energy neutron production rate, and the UCN rates and density at the exit from the biological shield are presented and compared to Monte Carlo predictions. The cold neutron rates compare well with predictions from the Monte Carlo code MCNPX and the UCN rates agree with our custom UCN Monte Carlo code. The source is shown to perform as modeled. The maximum delivered UCN density at the exit from the biological shield is 52(9) UCN/cc with a solid deuterium volume of ~1500 cm(3).
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178 Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) for early stage, medically inoperable NSCLC: initial outcomes from 3 years experience at James Cook University Hospital (JCUH), Middlesbrough. Lung Cancer 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(13)70178-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Has the time come for predictive computer modeling in CNS drug discovery and development? CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 1:e16. [PMID: 23835798 PMCID: PMC3600733 DOI: 10.1038/psp.2012.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
We discuss whether a new paradigm, quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP), based on computational neuroscience modeling combined with proper drug target engagement and pharmacology, human pathology, imaging studies, and calibration and validation using clinical studies in human subjects might improve the success rate of central nervous systems research and development (CNS R&D) projects. We suggest that an improved understanding of neuronal circuit interactions using a humanized computer-based integration of physiology and pharmacology knowledge can substantially de-risk new CNS projects.
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Observation of electron-antineutrino disappearance at Daya Bay. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:171803. [PMID: 22680853 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.171803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment has measured a nonzero value for the neutrino mixing angle θ(13) with a significance of 5.2 standard deviations. Antineutrinos from six 2.9 GWth reactors were detected in six antineutrino detectors deployed in two near (flux-weighted baseline 470 m and 576 m) and one far (1648 m) underground experimental halls. With a 43,000 ton-GWth-day live-time exposure in 55 days, 10,416 (80,376) electron-antineutrino candidates were detected at the far hall (near halls). The ratio of the observed to expected number of antineutrinos at the far hall is R=0.940±0.011(stat.)±0.004(syst.). A rate-only analysis finds sin(2)2θ(13)=0.092±0.016(stat.)±0.005(syst.) in a three-neutrino framework.
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Indication of reactor ν(e) disappearance in the Double Chooz experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 108:131801. [PMID: 22540693 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.108.131801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Double Chooz experiment presents an indication of reactor electron antineutrino disappearance consistent with neutrino oscillations. An observed-to-predicted ratio of events of 0.944±0.016(stat)±0.040(syst) was obtained in 101 days of running at the Chooz nuclear power plant in France, with two 4.25 GW(th) reactors. The results were obtained from a single 10 m(3) fiducial volume detector located 1050 m from the two reactor cores. The reactor antineutrino flux prediction used the Bugey4 flux measurement after correction for differences in core composition. The deficit can be interpreted as an indication of a nonzero value of the still unmeasured neutrino mixing parameter sin(2)2θ(13). Analyzing both the rate of the prompt positrons and their energy spectrum, we find sin(2)2θ(13)=0.086±0.041(stat)±0.030(syst), or, at 90% C.L., 0.017<sin(2)2θ(13)<0.16.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the nutrition risk status of community living older people and to identify associated risk factors. DESIGN A cross-sectional study using convenience sampling. SETTING North Shore City, Auckland, New Zealand. Data collection was carried out by a research nutritionist using computer assisted personal interviewing in the participant's own home. PARTICIPANTS Fifty-one independently living people aged between 80 and 85 years. MEASUREMENT A survey using three validated questionnaires: Practitioner Assessment of Network Type (PANT) to evaluate social networks; Elderly Assessment System (EASY-Care) to evaluate physical and mental wellbeing and Seniors in the Community: Risk Evaluation for Eating and Nutrition Version II (SCREEN II) to assess nutrition risk. RESULTS A third of the participants (31%) were at high risk of malnutrition (SCREEN II score <50; range 29-58 out of maximum score of 64). The majority of participants (82%) lived alone and nearly half (47%) had supportive social networks including close relationships with local family, friends and neighbours. Low self-rated health, disability and social factors (being born outside of New Zealand, losing a spouse and loneliness) were key underlying factors associated with being at nutrition risk. CONCLUSION Nutrition risk is common among aged individuals living in the community. Health and social factors that shape eating behaviours place older people at increased nutrition risk. Strategies are needed for the early identification of risk factors to prevent nutrition problems. Engaging older people at risk to share meal preparation and dining experiences may foster better outcomes.
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Brown herb. Br Dent J 2011; 210:149. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2011.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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