Peptidomimetics for CVD screened via TRADD-TRAF2 complex interface assessments

The main aim of this study is to screen and develop Peptidomimetics to treat atherosclerosis (AS) which is a Cardio Vascular Disease (CVD). Peptidomimetics were obtained from the protein-protein interaction interface of TRADD (Tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein) and TRAF2 (TNF receptor-associated factor 2) complex. TRADD-TRAF2 interaction is critical in AS pathogenesis since it assists a series of signal transducers that activate NF-κB. Conceptually, the triggered NF-κB makes an extensive amount of nitric oxide (NO) synthesized by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which boons the progress of AS. The examined TRADD-TRAF2 complex (PDB ID: 1F3V) and its interaction details revealed that the sequence range W11-G165 of TRADD highly interacts with TRAF2. The sequence range W11-G165 was selected for the design and preparation of the inhibitory peptide in silico. The selected sequence was mutated with the alanine scanning method to have a range of inhibitory peptides. With the help of different in silico tools, the top three, namely MIP11-25 L, MIP131-143 h, and MIP149-164 m peptides showed the best interaction with the critical residues of TRAF2. Thus, these three peptides were used for generating peptidomimetics using pepMMsMIMIC, a peptidomimetics virtual screening tool. Around 600 peptidomimetics were identified & and retrieved for further screening by employing molecular docking tools and MD (Molecular Dynamics) simulations. Density Functional Theory (DFT) and ADMET predictions were applied to validate the screened peptidomimetics druggability. In the results, peptidomimic compounds MMs03918858 and MMs03927281 with binding energy values of -9.6 kcal/mol and - 9.1 kcal/mol respectively were screened as the best and are proposed for further pre-clinical studies.

Evaluation of Phytochemicals and Histochemicals of Cyperus rotandus and Its Thrombolytic Activity

Plants are one of the most abundant sources of potentially useful chemical compounds and medicinal properties. As a result, over the last few decades, the market for plant research has been steadily increasing all over the world. The future pharmacological behaviours of Cyperus rotundus Linn. are assessed using a literature review as a basis. Extracts from various sections of the plant (aerial component, tuber, rhizomes, etc.) produce significant amounts of medicinal active compounds, as well as the chemical structures of phytochemical constituents. The aim of this analysis was to look into the thrombolytic action of Cyperus rotandus methanolic extracts. The fraction's thrombolytic effect was studied in clot lysis experiment. In a thrombolytic activity test, the extract caused 60 % lysis of the blood clot, compared to 70.10 % and 4.70 % lysis for the positive control (streptokinase) and negative control (saline water), respectively. As a result, the extract possessed significant thrombolytic activity. To determine which compounds are responsible for the current pharmacological activities, detailed pharmacological and phytochemical studies are needed. The phytochemical research revealed the presence of phytochemical constituents in various solvent fractions. The presence of these phytochemicals was found to be responsible for the plants' in-vitro thrombolytic action.

Relationship between Antioxidant Properties and Chemical Composition of Abutilon Indicum Linn

Aim of this paper is to find out the relationship between antioxidant activity of Abutilon indicum Linn and their phytochemical composition especially phenols and flavonols. Successive extractions were carried out for the Abutilon indicum plant with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, ethanol and water. All these extracts were evaluated for their antioxidant activities. Their antioxidant activities were correlated with their total phenol and flavonol content present in the plant. Ethyl acetate showed maximum free radical scavenging activity. IC₅₀ value for various antioxidant methods for all extract showed no significance with total antioxidant capacity except IC₅₀ value of LPO (r² = 0.7273). Correlation between total antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content was not significant with r² = 0.2554, P<0.3065. Total antioxidant capacity and total flavonol content showed similar correlation with r² = 0.2554, P<0.0962.