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Avanzini S, Dall'Igna P, Bjornland K, Braungart S, Cross K, Flores P, Gabra HOS, Gomez-Chacon J, Irtan S, Lobos P, Loh A, Matthyssens LE, Metzelder M, Parodi S, Pio L, Van de Ven CP, Fuchs J, Losty PD, Sarnacki S. Beyond image defined risk factors (IDRFs): a delphi survey highlighting definition of the surgical complexity index (SCI) in neuroblastoma. Pediatr Surg Int 2023; 39:191. [PMID: 37140693 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-023-05477-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Preoperative evaluation of Image Defined Risk Factors (IDRFs) in neuroblastoma (NB) is crucial for determining suitability for upfront resection or tumor biopsy. IDRFs do not all carry the same weighting in predicting tumor complexity and surgical risk. In this study we aimed to assess and categorize a surgical complexity (Surgical Complexity Index, SCI) in NB resection. METHODS A panel of 15 surgeons was involved in an electronic Delphi consensus survey to identify and score a set of shared items predictive and/or indicative of surgical complexity, including the number of preoperative IDRFs. A shared agreement included the achievement of at least 75% consensus focused on a single or two close risk categories. RESULTS After 3 Delphi rounds, agreement was established on 25/27 items (92.6%). A severity score was established for each item ranging from 0 to 3 with an overall SCI range varying from a minimum score of zero to a maximum score of 29 points for any given patient. CONCLUSIONS A consensus on a SCI to stratify the risks related to neuroblastoma tumor resection was established by the panel experts. This index will now be deployed to critically assign a better severity score to IDRFs involved in NB surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Avanzini
- Pediatric Surgery Department, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Largo G, Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy.
| | - P Dall'Igna
- Pediatric Surgery, Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione e Rigenerativa a Area Jonica, Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Consorziale Ospedale Pediatrico Giovanni XXIII, Bari, Italy
| | - K Bjornland
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Oslo University Hospital/University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Braungart
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - K Cross
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Specialist Neonatal and Pediatric Surgery, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - P Flores
- Pediatric Surgery Department Garrahan Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - H O S Gabra
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, The Great North Children Hospital, Newcastle University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - J Gomez-Chacon
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Surgical Oncology Unit, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Irtan
- Department of Visceral Pediatric and Neonatal Surgery, Sorbonne Université, Armand Trousseau Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - P Lobos
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Loh
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L E Matthyssens
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Princess Elisabeth Children's Hospital, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Metzelder
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Parodi
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - L Pio
- Pediatric Surgery Department, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Largo G, Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105, USA
| | - C P Van de Ven
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - J Fuchs
- Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology, University of Tuebingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - P D Losty
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - S Sarnacki
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, APHP Centre, University Hospital Necker Enfants Malades, University Paris Cité, Paris, France
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Tappero S, Barletta F, Piccinelli M, Cano Garcia C, Incesu RB, Morra S, Chierigo F, Tian Z, Parodi S, Dell’Oglio P, Briganti A, De Cobelli O, Chun F, Graefen M, Mirone V, Saad F, Shariat S, Suardi N, Borghesi M, Terrone C, Karakiewicz P. Adenocarcinoma of the bladder: Assessment of survival benefit associated with radical cystectomy and comparison with urothelial bladder cancer. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01336-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Chierigo F, Tappero S, Panunzio A, Sorce G, Hoeh B, Piccinelli M, Hohenhorst L, Tian Z, Parodi S, Guano G, Briganti A, Chun F, Graefen M, Antonelli A, Saad F, Shariat S, De Cobelli O, Suardi N, Borghesi M, Terrone C, Karakiewicz P. Effect of chemotherapy in sarcomatoid bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01337-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Chierigo F, Tappero S, Panunzio A, Cano Garcia C, Barletta F, Piccinelli M, Incesu RB, Parodi S, Dell’Oglio P, Antonelli A, Graefen M, Chun F, Briganti A, De Cobelli O, Saad F, Shariat S, Suardi N, Borghesi M, Terrone C, Karakiewicz P. Sarcomatoid vs. urothelial bladder cancer: Impact of radical cystectomy on cancer control outcomes. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01338-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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5
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Parodi S, Tappero S, Guano G, Pacchetti A, Chierigo F, Ambrosini F, Caviglia A, Beverini M, Rebuffo S, Mantica G, Borghesi M, Terrone C. Near miss in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy. Prevention of adverse events by careful identification of the surgical anatomy. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01370-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Mantica G, Carrion DM, Antón-Juanilla M, Pang KH, Parodi S, Tappero S, Rodriguez-Serrano A, Crespo-Atín V, Cansino R, Scarpa RM, Nikles S, Balzarini F, Terrone C, Gomez Rivas J, Esperto F. Impact of a delayed presentation to the emergency department for acute renal colic on biochemical and clinical outcomes. Actas Urol Esp 2023; 47:41-46. [PMID: 36503815 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuroe.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE To verify the impact of delay on biochemical and clinical outcomes for patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with acute renal colic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were retrospectively collected from three institutions of two European countries between 01 January and 30 April 2020. Patients who presented to the ED with unilateral or bilateral renal colic caused by urolithiasis confirmed by imaging tests during the study period were included. A presentation after 24 h since the onset of symptoms was considered a delay. Patients presenting before 24 h from the symptom onset were included in Group A, while the patients presenting after 24 h in Group B. Clinical and biochemical parameters and management were compared. RESULTS A total of 397 patients who presented to ED with confirmed urolithiasis were analyzed (Group A, n = 199; Group B, n = 198. The median (IQR) delay in presentation was 2 days (1,5-4). At presentation, no statistically significant differences were found amongst the two groups of patients regarding presenting symptoms such as fever and flank pain, and the median serum levels of creatinine, C reactive protein and white blood cells. No differences were found in terms of conservative or operative management. CONCLUSION Delay in consultation >24 h is not associated with worsening biochemical parameters and clinical outcomes. Most patients with acute loin pain do not necessarily need urgent attendance to the ED and may be managed in the outpatients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mantica
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, Genova, Italy; European Society of Residents in Urology (ESRU), Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - D M Carrion
- European Society of Residents in Urology (ESRU), Arnhem, The Netherlands; Department of Urology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Antón-Juanilla
- Department of Urology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - K H Pang
- European Society of Residents in Urology (ESRU), Arnhem, The Netherlands; Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Academic Urology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - S Parodi
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - S Tappero
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - A Rodriguez-Serrano
- Department of Urology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - V Crespo-Atín
- Department of Urology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, Spain
| | - R Cansino
- Department of Urology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - R M Scarpa
- Department of Urology, Campus Biomedico, University of Rome, Italy
| | - S Nikles
- European Society of Residents in Urology (ESRU), Arnhem, The Netherlands; Department of Urology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - F Balzarini
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.
| | - C Terrone
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - J Gomez Rivas
- European Society of Residents in Urology (ESRU), Arnhem, The Netherlands; Department of Urology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Esperto
- European Society of Residents in Urology (ESRU), Arnhem, The Netherlands; Department of Urology, Campus Biomedico, University of Rome, Italy
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Mantica G, Carrion D, Antón-Juanilla M, Pang K, Parodi S, Tappero S, Rodriguez-Serrano A, Crespo-Atín V, Cansino R, Scarpa R, Nikles S, Balzarini F, Terrone C, Rivas JG, Esperto F. Impacto de la presentación tardía al servicio de Urgencias por cólico renal agudo en los resultados bioquímicos y clínicos. Actas Urol Esp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2021.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Gerbino M, Parodi S, Ballarini M, Paladini D. Comparison of fetal and neonatal sonographic measurements of ventricular size in second- and third-trimester fetuses with or without ventriculomegaly: cross-sectional three-dimensional ultrasound study. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2022; 60:766-773. [PMID: 35869902 DOI: 10.1002/uog.26033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess, in a population comprising normal fetuses and fetuses with primary or post-hemorrhagic ventriculomegaly, the reproducibility of measurement of neonatal ultrasound indices in the fetus and to compare the performance of various cut-offs of these parameters to diagnose ventriculomegaly and classify its severity. METHODS This was a retrospective cross-sectional study including 182 singleton fetuses assessed by transvaginal neurosonography. The sample populations included 116 normal fetuses and 66 fetuses with primary (n = 56) or post-hemorrhagic (n = 10) ventriculomegaly. In all cases, the atrial width (AW) was measured according to standard protocols and the findings were compared with four sonographic indices developed in the neonate: the anterior horn width (AHW), the ventricular index (VI), the thalamo-occipital distance (TOD) and the fronto-occipital horn ratio (FOHR). Reproducibility of measurements was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and diagnostic accuracy of the neonatal indices was assessed against AW using areas under the receiver-operating-characteristics curves (AUC). RESULTS The intra- and interoperator reproducibility of measurement of AW and the neonatal measurements was excellent, with ICCs > 0.99 for all measures. The association in the fetus of all four variables developed in the neonate with the degree of ventriculomegaly as defined by the AW was strong for severe ventriculomegaly (AW > 15.0 mm; all AUC > 0.95), whereas the separation of cases with mild ventriculomegaly (AW, 10.0-15.0 mm) from those with normal AW (< 10.0 mm) was less effective. CONCLUSIONS When applied in the fetus, all four indices of ventriculomegaly developed in neonates (AHW, VI, TOD, FOHR) were associated strongly with fetal AW when the AW measurement indicated severe fetal ventriculomegaly. However, for mild ventriculomegaly, the association was weaker, probably due to the fact that, in the fetus, mild ventriculomegaly is not caused by obstruction of the ventricular system. Considering the similar performance of the four neonatal variables and the technical issues involved in determination of TOD and FOHR in the fetus, use of VI and AHW is preferred. © 2022 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gerbino
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Parodi
- Scientific Directorate, IRCCS Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Ballarini
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - D Paladini
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Tappero S, Sorce G, Panunzio A, Chierigo F, Parodi S, Piccinelli M, Guano G, Mantica G, Suardi N, Borghesi M, Montorsi F, Antonelli A, De Cobelli O, Terrone C, Karakiewicz P. Effect of chemotherapy in sarcomatoid bladder cancer patients treated with radical cystectomy. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01129-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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10
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Tappero S, Parodi S, Mantica G, Borghesi M, Fiori C, Manfredi M, Bandini M, Mari A, Valastro F, Cerruto M, Gozzo A, Chessa F, Schiavina R, Briganti A, Minervini A, Antonelli A, Porpiglia F, Brunocilla E, Montorsi F, Suardi N, Terrone C. Radical cystectomy for bladder cancer in patients previously treated for prostate cancer: Perioperative and oncological outcomes. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Mantica G, Parodi S, Tappero S, Balzarini F, Malinaric R, Testino N, Carrion D, Juanilla M, Pang K, Serrano A, Crespo-Atìn V, Cansino R, Scarpa R, Borghesi M, Suardi N, Bottino P, Rivas J, Esperto F, Terrone C. The impact of the delay in presenting to the emergency department with acute renal colic: which patients are at higher risk? EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00868-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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12
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Tappero S, Parodi S, Mantica G, Carrion D, Antón-Juanilla M, Pang K, Rodriguez-Serrano A, Crespo-Atìn V, Cansino R, Scarpa R, Nikles S, Rivas J, Suardi N, Esperto F, Terrone C. The real impact of the delay in presenting to the emergency department with acute renal colic: which patients are at risk? Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)00634-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Mantica G, Carrion D, Pang K, Ucar T, Parodi S, Tappero S, Lazarou L, Glykas I, Zambaftis C, Lourenco M, Gonzalez Padilla D, Ortega Polledo L, Gomez Rivas J, Esperto F. Defining the ideal urology training programme from the trainee’s and professor’s perspective: Is there a concordance in their idea of good training? Eur Urol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(21)01345-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Paladini D, Finarelli A, Donarini G, Parodi S, Lombardo V, Tuo G, Birnbaum R. Frontal lobe growth is impaired in fetuses with congenital heart disease. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021; 57:776-782. [PMID: 32573836 DOI: 10.1002/uog.22127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary objective of this study was to assess whether fetuses with congenital heart disease (CHD) have smaller frontal brain areas compared with normal controls. The secondary objective was to evaluate whether there are any differences in frontal brain area between cases with different types of CHD, grouped according to their impact on hemodynamics. METHODS This was a retrospective cross-sectional study, including 421 normal fetuses and 101 fetuses with isolated CHD evaluated between 20 and 39 gestational weeks at our fetal medicine and surgery unit in the period January 2016-December 2019. The study group was subdivided, according to the CHD hemodynamics, as follows: (1) hypoplastic left heart syndrome and other forms of functionally univentricular heart defect; (2) transposition of the great arteries; (3) conotruncal defects and other CHDs with large shunts; (4) right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, without a hypoplastic right ventricle; (5) left outflow tract obstruction; (6) others. The transventricular axial view of the fetal head was used as the reference view, on which the frontal lobe anteroposterior diameter (FAPD) and the occipitofrontal diameter (OFD) were measured, assuming the former to be representative of the area of the frontal lobes. The FAPD/OFD ratio was then calculated as FAPD/OFD × 100. These two variables (FAPD and FAPD/OFD ratio) were then evaluated and compared between the study and control groups. Adjustment for gestational age, both via multiple linear regression and by using a-posteriori matching based on the propensity score, was employed. RESULTS In normal fetuses, FAPD showed a linear positive correlation with gestational age. In fetuses with CHD, the FAPD was shorter than in normal fetuses from the 20th gestational week onwards, with the difference increasing after 30 gestational weeks. FAPD/OFD ratio was significantly smaller in fetuses with CHD than in normal fetuses (P < 0.0001) at all gestational ages, with no apparent differences among the various CHD categories, all of which had smaller FAPD/OFD ratio compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS Fetuses with CHD have a shorter FAPD and a smaller FAPD/OFD ratio compared with normal fetuses. This impaired growth of the frontal area of the brain seems to occur in all types of CHD, regardless of their impact on hemodynamics. © 2021 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Paladini
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - A Finarelli
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Donarini
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Parodi
- Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - V Lombardo
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Tuo
- Pediatric Cardiology, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - R Birnbaum
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Carrion DM, Mantica G, Antón-Juanilla M M, Pang KH, Tappero S, Rodriguez-Serrano A, Parodi S, Crespo-Atín V, Cansino R, Terrone C, Nikles S, Gomez Rivas J, Esperto F. Assessment of trends and clinical presentation in the emergency department of patients with renal colic during the COVID-19 pandemic era. Actas Urol Esp 2020; 44:653-658. [PMID: 32993921 PMCID: PMC7476606 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Introducción Nuestra hipótesis es que la pandemia por COVID-19, y el estado de alarma impuesto por los gobiernos, pueden haber retrasado las visitas a urgencias por cólicos nefríticos, debido al miedo a contagiarse en los centros sanitarios. Este atraso en acudir a los servicios de urgencias puede llevar a un empeoramiento clínico y aumentar las complicaciones relacionadas con la enfermedad o el tratamiento recibido. Material y métodos Realizamos una revisión retrospectiva de 3 centros hospitalarios en España e Italia. Fueron incluidos pacientes atendidos en el servicio de urgencias por cólico renal (unilateral o bilateral) secundario a litiasis confirmadas en pruebas de imagen durante los 45 días previos y posteriores a la declaración del estado de alarma de cada país. Se recolectaron datos demográficos, síntomas y signos de presentación, análisis de sangre y orina, pruebas de imagen, y manejo terapéutico. El análisis estadístico se realizó entre dos grupos, Grupo A: pacientes que acudieron antes de la declaración del estado de alarma y Grupo B: pacientes que acudieron tras la declaración del estado de alarma. Resultados Un total de 397 pacientes que acudieron a urgencias por cólicos nefríticos secundarios a litiasis fueron incluidos en el estudio, 285 (71,8%) en el Grupo A y 112 (28,2%) en el Grupo B (p < 0,001). Un total de 135 (47,4%) en el Grupo A y 63 (56,3%) en el Grupo B (p = 0,11) admitieron haber pospuesto su búsqueda de atención médica urgente. En el momento de la valoración inicial, no se encontraron diferencias entre ambos grupos en los niveles de creatinina sérica, leucocitosis, fiebre, oliguria, dolor, o hidronefrosis. Además, no se observaron diferencias en relación con la estancia media, ingreso en el servicio de urología, o necesidad de tratamientos invasivos. Conclusión Nuestros resultados muestran una disminución significativa de atenciones en urgencias por cólicos nefríticos tras la declaración del estado de alarma en España e Italia. A diferencia de otros estudios publicados recientemente, no encontramos diferencias en la estancia media, ingreso al servicio de urología, o necesidad de tratamientos invasivos en pacientes que se presentaron antes y después del estado de alarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Carrion
- Urology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, España; European Society of Residents in Urology (ESRU)
| | - G Mantica
- European Society of Residents in Urology (ESRU); Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, Génova, Italia
| | - M Antón-Juanilla M
- Department of Urology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, España
| | - K H Pang
- European Society of Residents in Urology (ESRU); Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Academic Urology Unit, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, Reino Unido
| | - S Tappero
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, Génova, Italia
| | - A Rodriguez-Serrano
- Urology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - S Parodi
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, Génova, Italia
| | - V Crespo-Atín
- Department of Urology, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Vizcaya, España
| | - R Cansino
- Urology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - C Terrone
- Department of Urology, Policlinico San Martino Hospital, University of Genova, Génova, Italia
| | - S Nikles
- European Society of Residents in Urology (ESRU); Department of Urology, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croacia.
| | - J Gomez Rivas
- Urology Department, La Paz University Hospital, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, España; European Society of Residents in Urology (ESRU)
| | - F Esperto
- European Society of Residents in Urology (ESRU); Department of Urology, Campus Biomedico, University of Rome, Roma, Italia
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16
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Tappero S, Parodi S, Mantica G, Dotta F, Ndrevataj D, Pacchetti A, Testino N, Caviglia A, Beverini M, Malinaric R, Ambrosini F, Guano G, Chierigo F, Rebuffo S, Traverso P, Borghesi M, Suardi N, Terrone C. The quality of bladder resection improves the histological characterization of bladder cancer. an analysis based on rare variant histotypes. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(20)35594-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Paladini D, Donarini G, Parodi S, Volpe G, Sglavo G, Fulcheri E. Hindbrain morphometry and choroid plexus position in differential diagnosis of posterior fossa cystic malformations. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2019; 54:207-214. [PMID: 30207001 DOI: 10.1002/uog.20120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the differential diagnostic significance of a series of quantitative and qualitative variables of the cerebellar vermis in fetuses with posterior fossa cystic malformation, including Dandy-Walker malformation (DWM), vermian hypoplasia (VH) and Blake's pouch cyst (BPC). METHODS This was a retrospective study of confirmed cases of DWM, VH and BPC, diagnosed at the Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit of the Federico II University between January 2005 and June 2013 or the Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit of G. Gaslini Hospital between July 2013 and September 2017. All included cases had good-quality three-dimensional (3D) volume datasets of the posterior fossa, acquired by transvaginal ultrasound through the posterior fontanelle. The midsagittal view of the posterior fossa was the reference view for the study. We assessed brainstem-tentorium angle and brainstem-vermis angle (BVA), as well as craniocaudal (CCVD) and anteroposterior (APVD) vermian diameters and vermian area (VA), which were normalized by biparietal diameter (BPD) to take into account gestational age (CCVD/BPD × 100, APVD/BPD × 100 and VA/BPD × 100, respectively). Finally, the position of the fourth ventricular choroid plexus (4VCP) was defined as normal ('up') or abnormal ('down'), relative to the roof/cyst inlet of the fourth ventricle. RESULTS We analyzed 67 fetuses with posterior fossa malformations (24 cases of DWM, 13 of VH and 30 of BPC). The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 23.6 weeks. Regardless of gestational age, the BVA differed significantly between the three groups, and the VA/BPD was able to differentiate between VH and BPC. In differentiating between VH and BPC, the greatest areas under the receiver-operating characteristics curve were those for VA/BPD ratio. The 4VCP position was down in all cases of DWM and VH, while it was up in all cases of BPC. CONCLUSIONS Our data support the concept that VA/BPD ratio and 4VCP position may be used to differentiate between DWM, VH and BPC in the fetus. In our series, the position of the 4VCP had the highest accuracy, but a larger number of VH cases should be evaluated to confirm that an up position of the 4VCP indicates BPC while a down position indicates DWM or VH. Copyright © 2018 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Paladini
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Donarini
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Parodi
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Volpe
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Sglavo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - E Fulcheri
- Fetopathology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Paladini D, Donarini G, Parodi S, Chaoui R. Differentiating features of posterior fossa at 12-13 weeks' gestation in fetuses with Dandy-Walker malformation and Blake's pouch cyst. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2019; 53:850-852. [PMID: 30575134 DOI: 10.1002/uog.20190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Paladini
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, Istituto G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - G Donarini
- Fetal Medicine and Surgery Unit, Istituto G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - S Parodi
- Biostatistics, Istituto G.Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
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Abstract
Aims We assessed the scientific productivity in the field of cancer research of countries in the European Community (EC) and the most important non-EC countries by counting the number of papers published during the period 1988-1990 in 15 of the top scientific journals (as defined by the Journal Citation Reports, Oncology). The global and per capita data are presented for each country. Methods Qualitative parameters like the impact factor and the half-life were also considered in the analysis. The selection of cancer journals with a high average quotation rate gave significant results. Introducing the average impact factor and half-life of each journal modified the results only slightly. The per capita data for each country were not corrected for the number of investigators working in oncology (a datum difficult to obtain). The parameters thus do not define the performance of the average investigator but are more « economic » parameters specifically related to the field of cancer research. Results and conclusions Small, wealthy Western countries tended to have an advantage over large, less developed countries, as expected. However, additional individual differences that could be of interest were present in the group of developed countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Parodi
- Servizio di Cancerogenesi Chimica, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro
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Abstract
A general synthetic overview of the process of carcinogenesis is presented. The following points are discussed: the uniqueness of tumor disease with respect to other pathologies; tumors viewed as a pathology of the transduction system of signals that regulate the communal life of the cells of multicell organisms; the tumor as a genetic disease of somatic cells; carcinogenesis as a multistage event; the fundamental role of physiologic and pathologic rhythms of cell proliferation in the modulation of tumor incidence; mechanisms entailed in the maintenance of genome integrity; mechanisms involved in the protection of genome integrity from exogenous and endogenous causes of degradation of the genetic message.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Parodi
- National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy
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Raffetto G, Parodi S, Parodi C, De Ferrari M, Troiano R, Brambilla G. Direct Interaction with Cellular Targets as the Mechanism for Chromium Carcinogenesis. Tumori 2018; 63:503-12. [PMID: 601880 DOI: 10.1177/030089167706300602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The carcinogenic activity of chromium appears to be due to its direct interaction with cellular targets and not to nonspecific solid-state carcinogenesis. Chromium was evaluated at 2 valences, Cr+3 (as CrCl3 and Cr+6 (as K2Cr2O7), for its toxicity, transforming activity, and ability to induce chromosomal aberrations in tertiary cultures of mouse fetal cells. The ID50 (dose for 50 percent inhibition of cell growth) of Cr+3 was approximately 4 times greater than that of Cr+6 after 96 h of exposure, and about 29 times greater than that of Cr+6 after 1 h of exposure. At equitoxic concentrations, both chromium valences induced the same degree of morphologic changes and alterations of growth behavior, but Cr+6 produced more chromosomal aberrations. Using autoradiography in an established cloned line of mouse cells, unscheduled DNA synthesis was observed in cells previously exposed to Cr+6 but not in cells previously exposed to Cr+3.
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Abstract
Aims and Background To describe the cancer prevalence in elderly Italian people and analyze the differences, if any, with the prevalence among younger subjects. Methods & Study Design The cancer prevalence among elderly patients (65 years and over), the three age classes encompassing elderly age (65-74 years, 75-84 years, 85 years and over) and younger patients (0-64 years) was computed using the PREVAL method on the basis of the incident cases over the period 1976-1992 followed up to 31 December 1992 (prevalence reference date). Data were collected by 11 Italian cancer registries. Results The observed prevalence figures for all cancers (except skin epitheliomas), both sexes combined and considering the whole elderly group, were 1,090 and 3,601 cases per 100,000 one and five years since diagnosis, respectively; the prevalence increased up to the 75-84 age group and showed a slight decrease after age 85. With regard to specific cancer sites, in men bladder and prostate had the highest prevalence 5 years from diagnosis (more than 800 cases per 100,000), followed by colon and lung (about 500 cases per 100,000) stomach and rectum (about 300 cases per 100,000); in women breast cancer ranked first (more than 1,000 cases per 100,000), followed by colon (about 350 cases per 100,000), corpus uteri, stomach and rectum cancers (between 150 and 200 cases per 100,000). For all malignancies and the two sexes combined the prevalence figures were about six times higher in the older than in the younger age group. Conclusions These figures confirm the important role of aging in determining the increase in cancer prevalence. The resulting prevalence figures clearly indicate the cancer burden placed on health care services; moreover, the figures will probably increase in the next decades due to a possible improvement in survival and to the dramatic aging of the population, assuming a stable trend for incidence rates. This picture will represent a major challenge for politicians and those dealing with health care planning and social policies in general, especially in the light of the reduction of the available financial resources and the specific features of medical and social needs in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vercelli
- Oncology, Biology and Genetics Department of the University of Genoa, National Cancer Institute, Italy.
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Parodi S, Taningher M, Pala M, Santi L. Alkaline DNA Fragmentation in Vivo: Borderline or Negative Results Obtained Respectively with 7,12-Dimethylbenz[A]Anthracene and Benzo[A]Pyrene. Tumori 2018; 67:87-93. [PMID: 6789517 DOI: 10.1177/030089168106700201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Using the in vivo DNA damage alkaline elution assay, a satisfactory correlation with carcinogenicity in the same target organ has been previously shown for a variety of chemical agents. This work was intended to enlarge the exploration of the predictivity of this test. Benzo[a]pyrene (BP) was found negative for damage to liver DNA of mice and rats, and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) negative for damage to liver and bone marrow DNA of mice and slightly positive for damage to mammary gland DNA of young female rats. The results were found to be correlated with the extension of DNA arylation in target organs in similar experimental conditions. From carcinogenicity data reported in the Survey of Compounds Which Have Been Tested for Carcinogenic Activity (vols. 1961-1973) BP and DMBA were both found to be essentially negative as liver carcinogens; however, DMBA was a potent carcinogen in inducing mammary tumors.
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Allavena G, Melchiori A, Carlone S, Di Renzo MF, Comoglio P, Parodi S, Santi L, Albini A. High Chemotactic Motility and Growth in Hard Agar of a Variant of RSV-Transformed Fibroblasts are Lost in Late Passages. Tumori 2018; 74:1-6. [PMID: 2832985 DOI: 10.1177/030089168807400101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cloning efficiency in hard agar (0.6%) and high chemotactic migration toward fibroblast conditioned medium have been shown to characterize metastatic tumor cells. We studied growth in 0.6% agar and chemotaxis of two lines of Rous Sarcoma virus-transformed Balb/ c3T3 cells, B77/3T3 (low metastatic) and AA12 (high metastatic), and compared them to their non-transformed counterpart, in order to verify whether these properties were maintained during several subcultivations. Cells were cryopreserved at early passages and thawed for experiments. Both assays were performed on freshly thawed cells (4-6 weeks in culture) and on cells which had been cultured 15-20 weeks after thawing. B77/3T3, which are tumorigenic but low metastatic and which have a very low cloning efficiency in hard agar (0.1-1%), showed a chemotactic response to Balb/c3T3 conditioned medium about two-fold higher than control Balb/c3T3. This response did not change with time in culture. AA12 cells, a genetic unstable variant of B77/3T3 selected for its growth in hard agar (0.6%), had a high cloning efficiency in hard agar and showed a high chemotactic motility (three-fold the controls). High growth in 0.6 % agar and high chemotaxis of AA12 were lost in late passages, where cells behaved as the controls. It seems that besides the already reported variation in anchorage-independent growth, genetically unstable tumor cells can also have important variations in chemotactic motility during subcultivations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Allavena
- Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italia
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25
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Parodi S, De Ferrari M, Ottaggio L, Zunino A, Santi L. Increase in Sister Chromatid Exchanges in the Peripheral Lymphocytes of Cigarette Smokers. Tumori 2018; 68:287-9. [PMID: 7147352 DOI: 10.1177/030089168206800403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We examined 20 smokers and 20 nonsmokers for a possible increase in sister chromatid exchanges. The people examined were carefully matched for age, sex and working environment, on that in each smoker-nonsmoker pair the only difference would be the smoking habit. The measurements were double blind. We found an average number of 5.8 sister chromatid exchanges per metaphase in nonsmokers and an average number of 7.9 sister chromatid exchanges per metaphase in smokers. The difference was statistically significant (p < .002).
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Abstract
In-depth analysis of molecular regulatory networks in cancer holds the promise of improved knowledge of the pathophysiology of tumor cells so that it will become possible to design a detailed molecular tumor taxonomy. This knowledge will also offer new opportunities for the identification and validation of key molecular tumor targets to be exploited for novel therapeutic approaches. Some signaling proteins have already been identified as such, e.g. c-Myc, Cyclin D1, Bcl-XL, kinases and some nuclear receptors. This has led to the successful development of a few function-modulatory drugs (Glivec, SERM, Iressa), providing proof-of-principle of the validity of this approach. Further developments are likely to derive from “-omic” approaches, aimed at the understanding of signaling networks and of the mechanism of action of newfound lead molecules. High-throughput screening of small drug-like molecules from combinatorial chemical libraries or from microbial extracts will identify novel, “intelligent” drug candidates. An additional medicinal chemistry strategy (via 40–50 unit rosary-bead chains) has the potential to be much more effective than small molecules in interfering with protein-protein interactions. This may lead to considerably higher selectivity and effectiveness compared with historical approaches in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alberti
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Cell Biology and Oncology, Mario Negri Institute-Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro (CH), Italy.
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Defferrari R, Mazzocco K, Ambros IM, Ambros PF, Bedwell C, Beiske K, Bénard J, Berbegall AP, Bown N, Combaret V, Couturier J, Erminio G, Gambini C, Garaventa A, Gross N, Haupt R, Kohler J, Jeison M, Lunec J, Marques B, Martinsson T, Noguera R, Parodi S, Schleiermacher G, Tweddle DA, Valent A, Van Roy N, Vicha A, Villamon E, Tonini GP. Influence of segmental chromosome abnormalities on survival in children over the age of 12 months with unresectable localised peripheral neuroblastic tumours without MYCN amplification. Br J Cancer 2014; 112:290-5. [PMID: 25356804 PMCID: PMC4453444 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The prognostic impact of segmental chromosome alterations (SCAs) in children older than 1 year, diagnosed with localised unresectable neuroblastoma (NB) without MYCN amplification enrolled in the European Unresectable Neuroblastoma (EUNB) protocol is still to be clarified, while, for other group of patients, the presence of SCAs is associated with poor prognosis. Methods: To understand the role of SCAs we performed multilocus/pangenomic analysis of 98 tumour samples from patients enrolled in the EUNB protocol. Results: Age at diagnosis was categorised into two groups using 18 months as the age cutoff. Significant difference in the presence of SCAs was seen in tumours of patients between 12 and 18 months and over 18 months of age at diagnosis, respectively (P=0.04). A significant correlation (P=0.03) was observed between number of SCAs per tumour and age. Event-free (EFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated in both age groups, according to both the presence and number of SCAs. In older patients, a poorer survival was associated with the presence of SCAs (EFS=46% vs 75%, P=0.023; OS=66.8% vs 100%, P=0.003). Moreover, OS of older patients inversely correlated with number of SCAs (P=0.002). Finally, SCAs provided additional prognostic information beyond histoprognosis, as their presence was associated with poorer OS in patients over 18 months with unfavourable International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification (INPC) histopathology (P=0.018). Conclusions: The presence of SCAs is a negative prognostic marker that impairs outcome of patients over the age of 18 months with localised unresectable NB without MYCN amplification, especially when more than one SCA is present. Moreover, in older patients with unfavourable INPC tumour histoprognosis, the presence of SCAs significantly affects OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Defferrari
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova 16148, Italy
| | - K Mazzocco
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova 16148, Italy
| | - I M Ambros
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - P F Ambros
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, St Anna Kinderkrebsforschung, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - C Bedwell
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne NEI 3 BZ, UK
| | - K Beiske
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshopitalet, Oslo 0424, Norway
| | - J Bénard
- Département de Biologie et de Pathologie Médicales, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif 94800, France
| | - A P Berbegall
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Valencia, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain
| | - N Bown
- Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle upon Tyne NEI 3 BZ, UK
| | - V Combaret
- Laboratoire de Recherche Translationnelle, Centre Léon-Bérard, Lyon 69008, France
| | - J Couturier
- Unité de Génétique Somatique et Cytogénétique, Institut Curie, Paris Cedex 05 75248, France
| | - G Erminio
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Committees Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova 16148, Italy
| | - C Gambini
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova 16148, Italy
| | - A Garaventa
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova 16148, Italy
| | - N Gross
- Pediatric Oncology Research Unit, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - R Haupt
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Committees Unit, Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova 16148, Italy
| | - J Kohler
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton S016 6YD, UK
| | - M Jeison
- Cancer Cytogenetique and Molecular Cytogenetique Laboratory, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - J Lunec
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK
| | - B Marques
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon 1649-016, Portugal
| | - T Martinsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Göteborg University, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg 413 45, Sweden
| | - R Noguera
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Valencia, University of Valencia, Valencia 46010, Spain
| | - S Parodi
- Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, National Research Council, Genova 16149, Italy
| | - G Schleiermacher
- 1] INSERM U830, Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie des Cancers, Paris Cedex 05 75248, France [2] Département d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Institut Curie, Paris Cedex 05 75248, France
| | - D A Tweddle
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle NE2 4HH, UK
| | - A Valent
- Département de Biologie et de Pathologie Médicales, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif 94800, France
| | - N Van Roy
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - A Vicha
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague 15008, Czech Republic
| | - E Villamon
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia 46009, Spain
| | - G P Tonini
- Laboratory of Neuroblastoma, Onco/Haematology Laboratory, University of Padua, Pediatric Research Institute (IRP)-Città della Speranza, Corso Stati Uniti 4, Padova 35127, Italy
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Parodi S, Santi I, Marani E, Casella C, Puppo A, Vercelli M, Stagnaro E. Risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and residential exposure to air pollution in an industrial area in northern Italy: a case-control study. Arch Environ Occup Health 2014; 69:139-147. [PMID: 24325744 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2013.763756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in an adult population residing in an area in northern Italy exposed to industrial air pollution from a big power plant, a coke oven, 2 chemical factories, and some minor plants. The design was a population-based case-control study and information about residential history and the main risk factors for NHL was obtained interviewing 133 cases and 279 controls using a structured questionnaire. Three exposure categories (heavy, moderate, and slight) were defined on the basis of the location of the major facilities with respect to the subject residence. NHL risk was not associated either with location or duration of residence in the heavily polluted area. However, the unavoidable limitations of this study prevent us from drawing definitive conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Parodi
- a Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Trials Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, National Cancer Research Institute , Genoa , Italy
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Kohler J, Rubie H, Castel V, Beiske K, Holmes K, Gambini C, Casale F, Munzer C, Erminio G, Parodi S, Navarro S, Marquez C, Peuchmaur M, Cullinane C, Brock P, Valteau-Couanet D, Garaventa A, Haupt R. Treatment of children over the age of one year with unresectable localised neuroblastoma without MYCN amplification: Results of the SIOPEN study. Eur J Cancer 2013; 49:3671-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Stec-Martyna E, Ponassi M, Miele M, Parodi S, Felli L, Rosano C. Structural comparison of the interaction of tubulin with various ligands affecting microtubule dynamics. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2012; 12:658-66. [PMID: 22385515 DOI: 10.2174/156800912801784893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Microtubules (MTs), which are highly dynamic assemblies of the protein tubulin, play important and diverse roles in eukaryotic cells. MT dynamics are regulated during the cell cycle by interacting with a large number of endogenous cellular regulators. In addition, many anti-tumour drugs and natural ligands that interact directly with tubulin are able to either stabilise or destabilise MTs and to disrupt the normal dynamics. Herein, we compare the structures of tubulin when complexed with different ligands in order to analyse: (i) various binding-sites of the protein and different positions of ligands within the microtubule (ii) the diverse effect on the microtubule dynamics. The structures and data given are essential for understanding tubulin-ligand interactions and their influence on the regulation of the microtubule system.
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Abstract
Although human glioblastoma cell line A172 presents tumor necrosis factor (TNF) high affinity receptors, it is resistant to TNF-mediated cytotoxicity. Preincubation of cells with 10 ng/ml interferon (IFN)-gamma for 6 h causes a great increase in TNF receptor numbers (about 477%). IFN-gamma alone is not cytotoxic in A172 cells. Cells preincubated with 10 ng/ml IFN-gamma for 6 h became more sensitive to the TNF cytotoxicity (about 400%). In A172 cells the enhanced TNF receptor expression may contribute to the enhancement of TNF cytotoxicity. This observation may have importance in designing new more effective therapies for human gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cimoli
- IST NAZL RIC CANC,DEPT EXPTL ONCOL,I-16132 GENOA,ITALY
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Tortolina L, Castagnino N, De Ambrosi C, Moran E, Patrone F, Ballestrero A, Parodi S. A multi-scale approach to colorectal cancer: from a biochemical- interaction signaling-network level, to multi-cellular dynamics of malignant transformation. Interplay with mutations and onco-protein inhibitor drugs. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2012; 12:339-55. [PMID: 22385511 DOI: 10.2174/156800912800190910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review article is part of a special Current Cancer Drug Targets issue devoted to colorectal cancer and molecularly targeted treatments. In our paper we made an attempt to connect more basic aspects with preclinical, pharmacological / therapeutic and clinical aspects. Reconstruction of a Molecular Interaction Map (MIM) comprising an important part of the G0 - G1 - S cell cycle transition, was a major component of our review. Such a MIM serves also as a convenient / organized database of a large set of important molecular events. The frequency of mutated / altered signaling-proteins indicates the importance of this signaling-network region. We have considered problems at different scale levels. Our MIM works at a biochemical-interaction level. We have also touched the multi-cellular dynamics of normal and aberrant colon crypts. Until recently, dynamic simulations at a biochemical or multi-cellular scale level were considered as a sort of esoteric approach. We tried to convince the reader, also on the basis of a rapidly growing literature, mostly published in high quality journals, that suspicion towards simulations should dissipate, as the limitations and advantages of their application are better appreciated, opening the door to their permanent adoption in everyday research. What is really required is a more interdisciplinary mentality and an interdisciplinary approach. The prize is a level of understanding going beyond mere intuition.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Tortolina
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
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Ballestrero A, Garuti A, Cirmena G, Rocco I, Palermo C, Nencioni A, Scabini S, Zoppoli G, Parodi S, Patrone F. Patient-tailored treatments with anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies in advanced colorectal cancer: KRAS and beyond. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2012; 12:316-28. [PMID: 22385512 DOI: 10.2174/156800912800190956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2011] [Revised: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Personalized medicine emphasizes the practice of considering individual patient characteristics as opposed to that centered on standards derived from epidemiological studies which, by definition, do not take into account the variability of individuals within a given population. When applied to oncology, personalized medicine is an even more complex concept because it extends the variability beyond the individual patient to the individual tumor. Indeed, the great genotypic and phenotypic variability (both in primary and metastatic sites of cancer) the development of targeted therapies, and the growing availability of biological assays complicate the scenario of personalized medicine in the oncological field. In this paper we review the results of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) in the context of tumor biology, delineating the future prospects of patient-tailored medicine in this area. In particular, we deal with EGFR inhibition by Cetuximab, a chimeric mouse human IgG1 mAb, and panitumumab, a fully human IgG2 mAb. We discuss the clinical impact of anti-EGFR mAbs on wild-type (WT) KRAS mCRC, also taking into account the feasibility of novel multi-marker approaches to treatment decision-making, aimed at increasing the predictive power of pre-therapy biomarkers. Experimental topics and fields of ongoing research, such as targeting microRNAs (miRNAs) with novel anticancer drugs and epigenetics in CRC are also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ballestrero
- Division of Semeiotics and Medical Methodology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Italy.
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Parodi S, Muselli M, Carlini B, Fontana V, Haupt R, Pistoia V, Corrias MV. Restricted ROC curves are useful tools to evaluate the performance of tumour markers. Stat Methods Med Res 2012; 25:294-314. [PMID: 22735161 DOI: 10.1177/0962280212452199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In Clinical Epidemiology, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis is a standard approach for the evaluation of the performance of diagnostic tests for binary classification based on a tumour marker distribution. The area under a ROC curve is a popular indicator of test accuracy, but its use has been questioned when the curve is asymmetric. This situation often happens when the marker concentrations overlap in the two groups under study in the range of low specificity, corresponding to a subset of values useless for classification purposes (non-informative values). The partial area under the curve at a high specificity threshold has been proposed as an alternative, but a method to identify an optimal cut-off that separates informative from non-informative values is not yet available. In this study, a new statistical approach is proposed to perform this task. Furthermore, a statistical test associated with the area under a ROC curve corresponding to informative values only (restricted ROC curve) is provided and its properties are explored by extensive simulations. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a real data set containing peripheral blood levels of six tumour markers proposed for the diagnosis of neuroblastoma. A new approach to combine couples of markers for classification purposes is also illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Parodi
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - M Muselli
- Institute of Electronics, Computer and Telecommunication Engineering, Genoa, Italy
| | - B Carlini
- Laboratory of Oncology, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - V Fontana
- Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - R Haupt
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Section, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - V Pistoia
- Laboratory of Oncology, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - M V Corrias
- Laboratory of Oncology, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
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Bagnasco L, Piras D, Parodi S, Bauer I, Zoppoli G, Patrone F, Ballestrero A. Role of Angiogenesis Inhibitors in Colorectal Cancer: Sensitive and Insensitive Tumors. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2012; 12:303-15. [DOI: 10.2174/156800912800190929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Castagnino N, Tortolina L, Balbi A, Pesenti R, Montagna R, Ballestrero A, Soncini D, Moran E, Nencioni A, Parodi S. Dynamic Simulations of Pathways Downstream of ERBB-Family, Including Mutations and Treatments: Concordance with Experimental Results. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2010; 10:737-57. [DOI: 10.2174/156800910793605848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Accepted: 06/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Parodi S, Vollono C, Baglietto MP, Balestri M, Di Duca M, Landri PA, Ceccherini I, Ottonello G, Cilio MR. Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome: genotype-phenotype correlation in parents of affected children carrying a PHOX2B expansion mutation. Clin Genet 2010; 78:289-93. [PMID: 20236122 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01383.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Congenital Central Hypoventilation Syndrome (CCHS) is a rare genetic disorder. Although most CCHS associated PHOX2B mutations occur de novo, about 10% of the cases are inherited from apparently asymptomatic parents, thus confirming variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance of PHOX2B mutations. Three asymptomatic parents of children affected with CCHS, and found to carry the same PHOX2B expansion mutations as their siblings, were studied by overnight polysomnography and somatic mosaicism analysis. In one case, significant sleep breathing control anomalies were detected, while the other two resulted in normal. In tissue-specific allele studies, mosaicism with a comparatively low mutant allele proportion was showed in the two unaffected adult carriers. Accurate polysomnography and assessment of the degree of somatic mosaicism should be conducted in asymptomatic carriers of PHOX2B mutations, as they may unmask subclinical but significant anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Parodi
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, G. Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
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De Grandis E, Parodi S, Conte M, Angelini P, Battaglia F, Gandolfo C, Pessagno A, Pistoia V, Mitchell WG, Pike M, Haupt R, Veneselli E. Long-term follow-up of neuroblastoma-associated opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome. Neuropediatrics 2009; 40:103-11. [PMID: 20020394 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1237723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to describe the long-term neurological, neuropsychological and neuroradiological sequelae and to determine prognostic factors for neurological outcome in children with neuroblastoma-associated opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia (OMA) syndrome. METHODS Data on medical history were collected for the study patients. Examinations with grading of neurological signs, neuropsychological tests and brain magnetic resonance imaging with spectroscopy were performed during a follow-up clinic. RESULTS Fourteen subjects entered the study. All had localized neuroblastoma and they were evaluated after a median of 7.8 years. Patients with a chronic/multiphasic neurological course received steroids combined with intravenous immunoglobulins in the majority of cases. 71% presented neurological sequelae and 62% had a full-scale IQ below the normal range. All patients showed at least some deficit in the neuropsychological functions assessed (language, visual-motor integration, memory, attention and motor ability). Long-term deficits were more frequently detected in patients with an interval of more than 2 months between OMA onset and its diagnosis, even if in most comparisons statistical significance was not reached. Cerebellar atrophy, observed in 36% of patients, was not associated with the neurological outcome. CONCLUSIONS Persisting disability is present in most children with neuroblastoma-associated OMA. However, our results support the role of an early diagnosis of OMA in reducing sequelae and encourage the use of new immunosuppressive therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E De Grandis
- Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, G. Gaslini Institute, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
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Marinelli M, Gianesin B, Avignolo C, Minganti V, Parodi S. Iron overload detection in rats by means of a susceptometer operating at room temperature. Phys Med Biol 2008; 53:6849-60. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/53/23/013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Longo L, Borghini S, Schena F, Parodi S, Albino D, Bachetti T, Da Prato L, Truini M, Gambini C, Tonini GP, Ceccherini I, Perri P. PHOX2A and PHOX2B genes are highly co-expressed in human neuroblastoma. Int J Oncol 2008; 33:985-991. [PMID: 18949361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The detection of PHOX2B mutations in a small proportion of patients affected with either familial or sporadic neuroblastoma (NB), has arisen interest on the possible pathogenic role of this gene in the disease determination. In this light, we have carried out a quantitative expression analysis of PHOX2B and its paralogue PHOX2A on a panel of NB cell lines and NB tumour samples to identify a possible differential expression between NB cells and their normal counterpart (adrenal medulla cells). Our results revealed that both PHOX2A and PHOX2B are over-expressed in tumour samples and NB cell lines. Particularly, the expression levels of the two genes in NB cell lines show a highly significant correlation, suggesting their possible synergistic role or a coordinated expression regulation. Furthermore, PHOX2 gene over-expression in NB tumours and cell lines suggests these genes may be widely involved in NB development through either a direct mechanism of up-regulation or a failure in maintaining proper transcript levels after embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Longo
- Translational Pediatric Oncology and Italian Neuroblastoma Foundation, National Cancer Research Institute, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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Corrias MV, Parodi S, Haupt R, Lacitignola L, Negri F, Sementa AR, Dau D, Scuderi F, Carlini B, Bianchi M, Casale F, Faulkner L, Garaventa A. Detection of GD2-positive cells in bone marrow samples and survival of patients with localised neuroblastoma. Br J Cancer 2008; 98:263-9. [PMID: 18182983 PMCID: PMC2361437 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of bone marrow (BM) GD2-positive cells on survival has been evaluated in 145 Italian children with localised neuroblastoma (NB) evaluated at diagnosis by anti-GD2 immunocytochemistry. Nineteen of these (13.1%) were found to be BM GD2-positive, with the number of positive cells ranging between 1 and 155 out of 1 × 106 total cells analysed. Seven/19 (38.8%) GD2-positive vs 12/126 (9.5%) GD2-negative patients relapsed. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival of the GD2-positive patients was significantly worse than that of the GD2-negative ones (62.2 vs 89.9%, P<0.001; and 74.9 vs 95.9%, P=0.005, respectively). GD2 positivity was not associated to other known risk factors, and in particular to Myc-N amplification and 1p deletion. Among Myc-N-negative patients, the EFS of those negative for both GD2 and 1p deletion was significantly better than in children positive for either one of these two markers (EFS=96.9 vs 66.0%, P<0.001). In conclusion, GD2 positivity may represent a prognostic marker for patients with non-metastatic NB without Myc-N amplification, and its combination with genetic alterations might help identifying patients that require a more careful follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- M V Corrias
- Department of Experimental and Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Oncology, Gaslini Institute, Largo Gaslini, 5, Genoa 16147, Italy.
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Alpigiani MG, Haupt R, Parodi S, Calcagno A, Poggi E, Lorini R. Coeliac disease in 108 patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a 13-year follow-up study. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2008; 26:162. [PMID: 18328172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
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Avignolo C, Bagnasco L, Biasotti B, Melchiori A, Tomati V, Bauer I, Salis A, Chiossone L, Mingari MC, Orecchia P, Carnemolla B, Neri D, Zardi L, Parodi S. Internalization via Antennapedia protein transduction domain of an scFv antibody toward c-Myc protein. FASEB J 2007; 22:1237-45. [PMID: 18048579 DOI: 10.1096/fj.07-8865com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We constructed a single-chain variable fragment miniantibody (G11-scFv) directed toward the transactivation domain of c-Myc, which is fused with the internalization domain Int of Antennapedia at its carboxyl terminus (a cargo-carrier construct). In ELISA experiments, an EC(50) for binding saturation was achieved at concentrations of G11-scFv-Int(-) of approximately 10(-8) M. Internalization of a fluoresceinated Fl-G11-scFv-Int(+) construct was observed in intact human cultured cells with confocal microscopy. After 5 h of incubation in medium containing 1 microM Fl-G11-scFv-Int(+) or Fl-G11-scFv-Int(-), fluorescence intensity was determined in individual cells, both for cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments: concentration levels of Fl-G11-scFv-Int(+), relative to the extracellular culture medium concentration, were 4-5 times higher in the cytoplasm, 7-8 times higher in the nucleus, and 10 times higher in the nucleoli. In the same experimental conditions, the Fl-G11-scFv-Int(-) construct was 3-4 times more concentrated outside of the cells than inside. Cell membranes kept their integrity after 5 h of incubation. The antiproliferative activity of our miniantibody was studied on HCT116 cells. Incubation with 4 microM G11-scFv-Int(+) for 4 days induced very significant statistical and biological growth inhibition, whereas Int alone was completely inactive. Miniantibodies capable of penetrating cell membranes dramatically broaden the potential for innovative therapeutic agents and attack of new targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Avignolo
- Department of Oncology, Biology and Genetics, University of Genoa, L. go R. Benzi 10, Genoa 16132, Italy
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Bagnasco L, Tortolina L, Biasotti B, Castagnino N, Ponassi R, Tomati V, Nieddu E, Stier G, Malacarne D, Parodi S. Inhibition of a protein‐protein interaction between INI1 and c‐Myc by small peptidomimetic molecules inspired by Helix‐1 of c‐Myc: identification of a new target of potential antineoplastic interest. FASEB J 2007; 21:1256-63. [PMID: 17215484 DOI: 10.1096/fj.06-7082com] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
c-Myc is a transcription modulator proto-oncogene. When overexpressed, it becomes an important contributor to the multi-hit process of malignant transformation. In two earlier papers in this journal (see refs. 19 , 20) we reported that retro-inverso peptidomimetic molecules inspired by the Helix-1 of c-Myc motif could be sequence-specific antiproliferative agents active in the low micromolar range. We also found that our peptides were not opening the four-alpha-helix Myc:Max bundle. Their antiproliferative activity in cancer cell lines needs the presence of side chains projecting outside of the bundle in the corresponding native H1 motif. This observation suggested interference with an external partner. In this study we investigated the INI1:Myc interaction. INI1 is a subunit of the SWI/SNF complex (component of the enhanceosome surrounding Myc:Max heterodimer). The INI1:Myc interaction was confirmed via pull down, ELISA, and fluorescence anisotropy assays. According to the length of INI1 fragments used, we calculated Kds ranging between 1.3x10(-6) and 4.8x10(-7) M. The three different techniques applied showed that the INI1:Myc interaction was also the target of our retro-inverso peptidomimetic molecules, which seem to bind specifically at INI1. A Myc binding, 21aa INI1 fragment (minimum interacting sequence), could inspire the synthesis of a new class of more selective c-Myc inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bagnasco
- Department of Oncology, Biology and Genetics, University of Genoa, L. go R. Benzi 10, Genoa 16132, Italy.
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Parodi S, Vercelli M, Garrone E, Fontana V, Izzotti A. Ozone air pollution and daily mortality in Genoa, Italy between 1993 and 1996. Public Health 2006; 119:844-50. [PMID: 16039938 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2004.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2004] [Revised: 08/10/2004] [Accepted: 10/04/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The association between ozone (O3) and daily mortality was investigated in Genoa, an Italian city characterized by a Mediterranean climate and a high prevalence of elderly inhabitants. The O3 effect, adjusted for long time trend, seasonality and weather, was assessed using Poisson regression modelling, allowing for overdispersion and autocorrelation, and expressed as mean variation percent of daily mortality per 50 microg/m3 increase (MV). Significant MVs for overall (+4.0%) and cardiovascular (+7.2%) mortality were detected at 1-day lag. The effects were stronger in the warmer season (May-October). Similar estimates were found after restricting the analyses to the elderly (>or=75 years). Furthermore, in this group, higher MVs were observed for total mortality at 2-day lag. A statistically significant synergistic effect between O3 and temperature was observed for cardiovascular mortality, particularly in elderly people, with an evident increase in mortality risk above 26 degrees C (MV +30.0% for the whole population and +40.0% for the elderly, respectively). This investigation highlights the importance of taking local climatic and demographic features into account when comparing different time-series studies, and substantiates the influence of photochemical pollution on mortality trends in small urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Parodi
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Section, Scientific Directorate, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Largo G Gaslini, 5-16145 Genoa, Italy.
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Di Duca M, Oleggini R, Sanna-Cherchi S, Pasquali L, Di Donato A, Parodi S, Bertelli R, Caridi G, Frasca G, Cerullo G, Amoroso A, Schena FP, Scolari F, Ghiggeri GM. Cis and trans regulatory elements in NPHS2 promoter: implications in proteinuria and progression of renal diseases. Kidney Int 2006; 70:1332-41. [PMID: 16900088 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5001767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Podocin (NPHS2) expression in podocytes is associated with variable degrees of proteinuria and progression to renal failure in different glomerular diseases that suggests different expression profiles in NPHS2 promoter. Three functional polymorphisms in NPHS2 promoter (-51T, -116T, and -535 insCTTTTTT(3)) were found determining strong downregulation (-73, -59, and -82%, respectively) of the reporter gene expression when transfected in podocytes. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay experiments showed that all wild-type variants (-51G, -116C, and -535 insCTTTTTT(2)) formed specific DNA-protein complexes with podocyte nuclear extracts that were abolished by the presence of the rare forms (-51T, -116T, and -535 insCTTTTTT(3)). In the case of -51G, upstream stimulatory factor-1 (USF1) was identified as the specific trans element in accord to binding inhibition experiments and USF1 RNAi silencing. Haplotype analysis of 204 normal controls and 545 patients with renal diseases (308 immunoglobulin (Ig)A nephropathy and 237 focal segmental glomerulosclerosis) evidenced that -116/-51 and -535/P2OL formed two blocks in strong linkage disequilibrium in both normal and pathological cohorts. The high NPHS2 promoter profile -116C/-51G haplotype was more frequent in patients with IgA nephropathy (P-value=0.005) and was associated with a better clinical outcome in terms of proteinuria and creatinine levels. Overall our study describes functional variants of NPHS2 promoter and characterizes trans-acting elements that modulate podocin expression in the kidney. High producer NPHS2 promoter haplotypes seem protective in patients with chronic glomerular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Di Duca
- Laboratory on Pathophysiology of Uremia, G Gaslini Children Hospital, Genoa, Italy
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Rastaldi MP, Candiano G, Musante L, Bruschi M, Armelloni S, Rimoldi L, Tardanico R, Sanna-Cherchi S, Cherchi SS, Ferrario F, Montinaro V, Haupt R, Parodi S, Carnevali ML, Allegri L, Camussi G, Gesualdo L, Scolari F, Ghiggeri GM. Glomerular clusterin is associated with PKC-alpha/beta regulation and good outcome of membranous glomerulonephritis in humans. Kidney Int 2006; 70:477-85. [PMID: 16775601 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5001563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mechanisms for human membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) remain elusive. Most up-to-date concepts still rely on the rat model of Passive Heymann Nephritis that derives from an autoimmune response to glomerular megalin, with complement activation and membrane attack complex assembly. Clusterin has been reported as a megalin ligand in immunodeposits, although its role has not been clarified. We studied renal biopsies of 60 MGN patients by immunohistochemistry utilizing antibodies against clusterin, C5b-9, and phosphorylated-protien kinase C (PKC) isoforms (pPKC). In vitro experiments were performed to investigate the role of clusterin during podocyte damage by MGN serum and define clusterin binding to human podocytes, where megalin is known to be absent. Clusterin, C5b-9, and pPKC-alpha/beta showed highly variable glomerular staining, where high clusterin profiles were inversely correlated to C5b-9 and PKC-alpha/beta expression (P=0.029), and co-localized with the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R). Glomerular clusterin emerged as the single factor influencing proteinuria at multivariate analysis and was associated with a reduction of proteinuria after a follow-up of 1.5 years (-88.1%, P=0.027). Incubation of podocytes with MGN sera determined strong upregulation of pPKC-alpha/beta that was reverted by pre-incubation with clusterin, serum de-complementation, or protein-A treatment. Preliminary in vitro experiments showed podocyte binding of biotinilated clusterin, co-localization with LDL-R and specific binding inhibition with anti-LDL-R antibodies and with specific ligands. These data suggest a central role for glomerular clusterin in MGN as a modulator of inflammation that potentially influences the clinical outcome. Binding of clusterin to the LDL-R might offer an interpretative key for the pathogenesis of MGN in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Rastaldi
- Renal Immunopathology Laboratory, Fondazione D'Amico per la Ricerca sulle Malattie Renali, Nuova Nefrologia Research Association, c/o San Carlo Borromeo Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Garlaschi G, Parodi S, Lacelli F, Silvestri E. [Inflammatory rheumatic diseases: MRI]. Reumatismo 2006; 58 Spec No.1:78-79. [PMID: 23631069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G Garlaschi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Genova
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Castagnola E, Haupt R, Micozzi A, Caviglia I, Testi AM, Giona F, Parodi S, Girmenia C. Differences in the proportions of fluoroquinolone-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from bacteraemic children with cancer in two Italian centres. Clin Microbiol Infect 2005; 11:505-7. [PMID: 15882204 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2005.01114.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The proportion of ciprofloxacin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from the blood of children with cancer (not receiving prophylaxis) was 10% in a paediatric hospital (Genoa) where the use of quinolones was highly restricted, compared with 41% in a department of haematology (Rome) where leukaemic adults, who received fluoroquinolone prophylaxis, were also treated (p < 0.0001). Moreover, simultaneous resistance to ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime, amikacin or imipenem-cilastatin was 11% in Genoa compared with 37% in Rome (p < 0.001). Ciprofloxacin resistance was more frequent in children who shared an environment with adults who were receiving ciprofloxacin prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Castagnola
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Hematology and Oncology, G. Gaslini Teaching Hospital, Genoa, Italy.
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Fratino G, Molinari AC, Parodi S, Longo S, Saracco P, Castagnola E, Haupt R. Central venous catheter-related complications in children with oncological/hematological diseases: an observational study of 418 devices. Ann Oncol 2005; 16:648-54. [PMID: 15677621 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdi111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of indwelling central venous catheters (CVCs) has become commonplace in the management of children undergoing anticancer treatment. Several types of CVC are available, while information on complications observed in children is scarce. We describe the experience of two tertiary care centers in Italy that prospectively followed up three types of CVC used at both institutions over a 30-month period. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between January 2000 and May 2002, double-lumen (DL) or single-lumen (SL) Hickman-Broviac (HB) catheters, and single-lumen pressure-activated safety valve (PASV) catheters were used and prospectively evaluated. Four types of possible complication were defined a priori: mechanical, thrombotic, malfunctioning and infectious. RESULTS Four hundred and eighteen CVCs (180 SL-HB, 162 DL-HB and 76 PASV) were inserted in 368 children, for a total of 107 012 catheter days at risk of complication. At least one complication occurred while using 169 of the devices (40%): 46% of the DL-HB, 46% of the PASV and 33% of the SL-HB (P=0.02) catheters. Subjects with hematological malignancies or non-malignant diseases had significantly more complications than those with solid tumors (P <0.0001). Overall, 234 complications were documented: 93 infectious [complication rate per 1000 catheter days at risk (CR)=0.87], 84 malfunctioning (CR=0.78), 48 mechanical (CR=0.45) and nine thrombotic (CR=0.08). SL-HB had statistically fewer infectious complications, while PASV had more mechanical complications. In a multivariate regression model, the most significant risk factors for having a CVC complication were hematological disease [relative risk (RR)=3.0; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.8-4.8] and age <6 years at CVC insertion (RR=2.5; 95% CI 1.5-4.1). As for the type of CVC, compared with SL-HB, the DL-HB catheter had a statistically significant two-fold increased risk of any complication (RR=2.1; 95% CI 1.2-3.6), while the PASV catheter had a borderline RR of 1.8 (95% CI 1.0-3.6). Analysis by tumor type showed a higher risk of any kind of complication in patients with solid malignancies who had received a DL-HB catheter as compared with an SL-HB catheter (RR=7.2; 95% CI 2.8-18.7). CONCLUSIONS CVCs may cause complications in up to 40% of patients, with type of CVC, underlying disease and patient age being the three main factors that affect the incidence of CVC-related complications. SL-HB catheters have the best performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Fratino
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, G. Gaslini Children's Hospital, Genoa, Italy
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