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Fiorini MR, Dilliott AA, Thomas RA, Farhan SMK. Transcriptomics of Human Brain Tissue in Parkinson's Disease: a Comparison of Bulk and Single-cell RNA Sequencing. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04124-5. [PMID: 38578357 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04124-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease leading to motor dysfunction and, in some cases, dementia. Transcriptome analysis is one promising approach for characterizing PD and other neurodegenerative disorders by informing how specific disease events influence gene expression and contribute to pathogenesis. With the emergence of single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing (scnRNA-seq) technologies, the transcriptional landscape of neurodegenerative diseases can now be described at the cellular level. As the application of scnRNA-seq is becoming routine, it calls to question how results at a single-cell resolution compare to those obtained from RNA sequencing of whole tissues (bulk RNA-seq), whether the findings are compatible, and how the assays are complimentary for unraveling the elusive transcriptional changes that drive neurodegenerative disease. Herein, we review the studies that have leveraged RNA-seq technologies to investigate PD. Through the integration of bulk and scnRNA-seq findings from human, post-mortem brain tissue, we use the PD literature as a case study to evaluate the compatibility of the results generated from each assay and demonstrate the complementarity of the sequencing technologies. Finally, through the lens of the PD transcriptomic literature, we evaluate the current feasibility of bulk and scnRNA-seq technologies to illustrate the necessity of both technologies for achieving a comprehensive insight into the mechanism by which gene expression promotes neurodegenerative disease. We conclude that the continued application of both assays will provide the greatest insight into neurodegenerative disease pathology, providing both cell-specific and whole-tissue level information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Fiorini
- The Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Allison A Dilliott
- The Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rhalena A Thomas
- The Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- The Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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2
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Raghav Y, Dilliott AA, Petrozziello T, Kim SE, Berry JD, Cudkowicz ME, Vakili K, Fraenkel E, Farhan SMK, Sadri-Vakili G. Identification of gene fusions associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Muscle Nerve 2024; 69:477-489. [PMID: 38305586 DOI: 10.1002/mus.28043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/AIMS Genetics is an important risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease affecting motor neurons. Recent findings demonstrate that in addition to specific genetic mutations, structural variants caused by genetic instability can also play a causative role in ALS. Genomic instability can lead to deletions, duplications, insertions, inversions, and translocations in the genome, and these changes can sometimes lead to fusion of distinct genes into a single transcript. Gene fusion events have been studied extensively in cancer; however, they have not been thoroughly investigated in ALS. The aim of this study was to determine whether gene fusions are present in ALS. METHODS Gene fusions were identified using STAR Fusion v1.10.0 software in bulk RNA-Seq data from human postmortem samples from publicly available data sets from Target ALS and the New York Genome Center ALS Consortium. RESULTS We report the presence of gene fusion events in several brain regions as well as in spinal cord samples in ALS. Although most gene fusions were intra-chromosomal events between neighboring genes and present in both ALS and control samples, there was a significantly greater number of unique gene fusions in ALS compared to controls. Lastly, we identified specific gene fusions with a significant burden in ALS, that were absent from both control samples and known cancer gene fusion databases. DISCUSSION Collectively, our findings reveal an enrichment of gene fusions in ALS and suggest that these events may be an additional genetic cause linked to ALS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogindra Raghav
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Allison A Dilliott
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tiziana Petrozziello
- Sean M. Healey &AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Spencer E Kim
- Sean M. Healey &AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James D Berry
- Sean M. Healey &AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Merit E Cudkowicz
- Sean M. Healey &AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Khashayar Vakili
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ernest Fraenkel
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ghazaleh Sadri-Vakili
- Sean M. Healey &AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Yoganathan S, Whitney R, Thomas M, Danda S, Chettali AM, Prasad AN, Farhan SMK, AlSowat D, Abukhaled M, Aldhalaan H, Gowda VK, Kinhal UV, Bylappa AY, Konanki R, Lingappa L, Parchuri BM, Appendino JP, Scantlebury MH, Cunningham J, Hadjinicolaou A, El Achkar CM, Kamate M, Menon RN, Jose M, Riordan G, Kannan L, Jain V, Manokaran RK, Chau V, Donner EJ, Costain G, Minassian BA, Jain P. KCTD7-related progressive myoclonic epilepsy: Report of 42 cases and review of literature. Epilepsia 2024; 65:709-724. [PMID: 38231304 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE KCTD7-related progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME) is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder. This study aimed to describe the clinical details and genetic variants in a large international cohort. METHODS Families with molecularly confirmed diagnoses of KCTD7-related PME were identified through international collaboration. Furthermore, a systematic review was done to identify previously reported cases. Salient demographic, epilepsy, treatment, genetic testing, electroencephalographic (EEG), and imaging-related variables were collected and summarized. RESULTS Forty-two patients (36 families) were included. The median age at first seizure was 14 months (interquartile range = 11.75-22.5). Myoclonic seizures were frequently the first seizure type noted (n = 18, 43.9%). EEG and brain magnetic resonance imaging findings were variable. Many patients exhibited delayed development with subsequent progressive regression (n = 16, 38.1%). Twenty-one cases with genetic testing available (55%) had previously reported variants in KCTD7, and 17 cases (45%) had novel variants in KCTD7 gene. Six patients died in the cohort (age range = 1.5-21 years). The systematic review identified 23 eligible studies and further identified 59 previously reported cases of KCTD7-related disorders from the literature. The phenotype for the majority of the reported cases was consistent with a PME (n = 52, 88%). Other reported phenotypes in the literature included opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome (n = 2), myoclonus dystonia (n = 2), and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (n = 3). Eight published cases died over time (14%, age range = 3-18 years). SIGNIFICANCE This study cohort and systematic review consolidated the phenotypic spectrum and natural history of KCTD7-related disorders. Early onset drug-resistant epilepsy, relentless neuroregression, and severe neurological sequalae were common. Better understanding of the natural history may help future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha Yoganathan
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Robyn Whitney
- Comprehensive Pediatric Epilepsy Program, Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maya Thomas
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sumita Danda
- Department of Medical Genetics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Asuri N Prasad
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, and Department of Human Genetics, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daad AlSowat
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Neurosciences Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musaad Abukhaled
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Neurosciences Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham Aldhalaan
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Neurosciences Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vykuntaraju K Gowda
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Uddhava V Kinhal
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Arun Y Bylappa
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Indira Gandhi Institute of Child Health, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramesh Konanki
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Rainbow Children's Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Lokesh Lingappa
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Rainbow Children's Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Juan P Appendino
- Pediatric Neurology Service, Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Morris H Scantlebury
- Departments of Pediatrics and Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jessie Cunningham
- Hospital Library and Archives, Learning Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aristides Hadjinicolaou
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, CHU (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire) Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christelle Moufawad El Achkar
- Epilepsy Genetics Program, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mahesh Kamate
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, KLE (Karnataka Lingayat Education) Academy of Higher Education and Research, KLE's Dr Prabhakar Kore (PK) Hospital, Belagavi, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramshekhar N Menon
- Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Manna Jose
- Department of Neurology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Gillian Riordan
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Vivek Jain
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Neoclinic Children's Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ranjith Kumar Manokaran
- Division of Pediatric neurology, Department of Neurology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vann Chau
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth J Donner
- Epilepsy Program, Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory Costain
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics, Hospital for Sick Children, and Program in Genetics & Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Berge A Minassian
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Puneet Jain
- Epilepsy Program, Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Ross JP, Akçimen F, Liao C, Kwan K, Phillips DE, Schmilovich Z, Spiegelman D, Genge A, Dupré N, Dion PA, Farhan SMK, Rouleau GA. Rare-variant and polygenic analyses of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the French-Canadian genome. Genet Med 2024; 26:100967. [PMID: 37638500 DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2023.100967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The genetic etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) includes few rare, large-effect variants and potentially many common, small-effect variants per case. The genetic risk liability for ALS might require a threshold comprised of a certain amount of variants. Here, we tested the degree to which risk for ALS was affected by rare variants in ALS genes, polygenic risk score, or both. METHODS 335 ALS cases and 356 controls from Québec, Canada were concurrently tested by microarray genotyping and targeted sequencing of ALS genes known at the time of study inception. ALS genome-wide association studies summary statistics were used to estimate an ALS polygenic risk score (PRS). Cases and controls were subdivided into rare-variant heterozygotes and non-heterozygotes. RESULTS Risk for ALS was significantly associated with PRS and rare variants independently in a logistic regression model. Although ALS PRS predicted a small amount of ALS risk overall, the effect was most pronounced between ALS cases and controls that were not heterozygous for a rare variant in the ALS genes surveyed. CONCLUSION Both PRS and rare variants in ALS genes impact risk for ALS. PRS for ALS is most informative when rare variants are not observed in ALS genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay P Ross
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Fulya Akçimen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Calwing Liao
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA; Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA
| | - Karina Kwan
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel E Phillips
- Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Zoe Schmilovich
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Dan Spiegelman
- Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Angela Genge
- Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Dupré
- Division of Neurosciences, CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Patrick A Dion
- Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Montréal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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5
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Dilliott AA, Berberian SA, Sunderland KM, Binns MA, Zimmer J, Ozzoude M, Scott CJM, Gao F, Lang AE, Breen DP, Tartaglia MC, Tan B, Swartz RH, Rogaeva E, Borrie M, Finger E, Fischer CE, Frank A, Freedman M, Kumar S, Pasternak S, Pollock BG, Rajji TK, Tang-Wai DF, Abrahao A, Turnbull J, Zinman L, Casaubon L, Dowlatshahi D, Hassan A, Mandzia J, Sahlas D, Saposnik G, Grimes D, Marras C, Steeves T, Masellis M, Farhan SMK, Bartha R, Symons S, Hegele RA, Black SE, Ramirez J. Rare neurovascular genetic and imaging markers across neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:5583-5595. [PMID: 37272523 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is common in patients with cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. This study investigated the burden of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based markers of SVD in patients with neurodegenerative diseases as a function of rare genetic variant carrier status. METHODS The Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative study included 520 participants, recruited from 14 tertiary care centers, diagnosed with various neurodegenerative diseases and determined the carrier status of rare non-synonymous variants in five genes (ABCC6, COL4A1/COL4A2, NOTCH3/HTRA1). RESULTS NOTCH3/HTRA1 were found to significantly influence SVD neuroimaging outcomes; however, the mechanisms by which these variants contribute to disease progression or worsen clinical correlates are not yet understood. DISCUSSION Further studies are needed to develop genetic and imaging neurovascular markers to enhance our understanding of their potential contribution to neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison A Dilliott
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stephanie A Berberian
- Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kelly M Sunderland
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Malcolm A Binns
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia Zimmer
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Miracle Ozzoude
- Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher J M Scott
- Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fuqiang Gao
- Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony E Lang
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David P Breen
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh; Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh; Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maria C Tartaglia
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Tan
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard H Swartz
- Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Borrie
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- St. Joseph's Healthcare Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Finger
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Corinne E Fischer
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Frank
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Morris Freedman
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Baycrest Health Sciences, Mt. Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen Pasternak
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bruce G Pollock
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Adult Neurodevelopment and Geriatric Psychiatry, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David F Tang-Wai
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Agessandro Abrahao
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Turnbull
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Lorne Zinman
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leanne Casaubon
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dar Dowlatshahi
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ayman Hassan
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Mandzia
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Demetrios Sahlas
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Gustavo Saposnik
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Grimes
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute and Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Connie Marras
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas Steeves
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mario Masellis
- Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Robert Bartha
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sean Symons
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra E Black
- Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences and University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Heart and Stroke Foundation Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joel Ramirez
- Dr. Sandra Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Dilliott AA, Kwon S, Rouleau GA, Iqbal S, Farhan SMK. Characterizing proteomic and transcriptomic features of missense variants in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis genes. Brain 2023; 146:4608-4621. [PMID: 37394881 PMCID: PMC10629772 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Within recent years, there has been a growing number of genes associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), resulting in an increasing number of novel variants, particularly missense variants, many of which are of unknown clinical significance. Here, we leverage the sequencing efforts of the ALS Knowledge Portal (3864 individuals with ALS and 7839 controls) and Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium (4366 individuals with ALS and 1832 controls) to perform proteomic and transcriptomic characterization of missense variants in 24 ALS-associated genes. The two sequencing datasets were interrogated for missense variants in the 24 genes, and variants were annotated with gnomAD minor allele frequencies, ClinVar pathogenicity classifications, protein sequence features including Uniprot functional site annotations, and PhosphoSitePlus post-translational modification site annotations, structural features from AlphaFold predicted monomeric 3D structures, and transcriptomic expression levels from Genotype-Tissue Expression. We then applied missense variant enrichment and gene-burden testing following binning of variation based on the selected proteomic and transcriptomic features to identify those most relevant to pathogenicity in ALS-associated genes. Using predicted human protein structures from AlphaFold, we determined that missense variants carried by individuals with ALS were significantly enriched in β-sheets and α-helices, as well as in core, buried or moderately buried regions. At the same time, we identified that hydrophobic amino acid residues, compositionally biased protein regions and regions of interest are predominantly enriched in missense variants carried by individuals with ALS. Assessment of expression level based on transcriptomics also revealed enrichment of variants of high and medium expression across all tissues and within the brain. We further explored enriched features of interest using burden analyses and identified individual genes were indeed driving certain enrichment signals. A case study is presented for SOD1 to demonstrate proof-of-concept of how enriched features may aid in defining variant pathogenicity. Our results present proteomic and transcriptomic features that are important indicators of missense variant pathogenicity in ALS and are distinct from features associated with neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison A Dilliott
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Seulki Kwon
- The Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sumaiya Iqbal
- The Center for the Development of Therapeutics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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7
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Dilliott AA, Al Nasser A, Elnagheeb M, Fifita J, Henden L, Keseler IM, Lenz S, Marriott H, Mccann E, Mesaros M, Opie-Martin S, Owens E, Palus B, Ross J, Wang Z, White H, Al-Chalabi A, Andersen PM, Benatar M, Blair I, Cooper-Knock J, Harrington EA, Heckmann J, Landers J, Moreno C, Nel M, Rampersaud E, Roggenbuck J, Rouleau G, Traynor B, Van Blitterswijk M, Van Rheenen W, Veldink J, Weishaupt J, Drury L, Harms MB, Farhan SMK. Clinical testing panels for ALS: global distribution, consistency, and challenges. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2023:1-16. [PMID: 36896705 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2023.2173015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: In 2021, the Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) spectrum disorders Gene Curation Expert Panel (GCEP) was established to evaluate the strength of evidence for genes previously reported to be associated with ALS. Through this endeavor, we will provide standardized guidance to laboratories on which genes should be included in clinical genetic testing panels for ALS. In this manuscript, we aimed to assess the heterogeneity in the current global landscape of clinical genetic testing for ALS. Methods: We reviewed the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Genetic Testing Registry (GTR) and members of the ALS GCEP to source frequently used testing panels and compare the genes included on the tests. Results: 14 clinical panels specific to ALS from 14 laboratories covered 4 to 54 genes. All panels report on ANG, SOD1, TARDBP, and VAPB; 50% included or offered the option of including C9orf72 hexanucleotide repeat expansion (HRE) analysis. Of the 91 genes included in at least one of the panels, 40 (44.0%) were included on only a single panel. We could not find a direct link to ALS in the literature for 14 (15.4%) included genes. Conclusions: The variability across the surveyed clinical genetic panels is concerning due to the possibility of reduced diagnostic yields in clinical practice and risk of a missed diagnoses for patients. Our results highlight the necessity for consensus regarding the appropriateness of gene inclusions in clinical genetic ALS tests to improve its application for patients living with ALS and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison A Dilliott
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ahmad Al Nasser
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Marwa Elnagheeb
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer Fifita
- Centre for MND Research, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lyndal Henden
- Centre for MND Research, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ingrid M Keseler
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Heather Marriott
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Emily Mccann
- Centre for MND Research, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maysen Mesaros
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Sarah Opie-Martin
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Emma Owens
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brooke Palus
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Justyne Ross
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Zhanjun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Peter M Andersen
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Michael Benatar
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ian Blair
- Centre for MND Research, Macquarie Medical School, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Elizabeth A Harrington
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Jeannine Heckmann
- Division of Neurology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - John Landers
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Cristiane Moreno
- Department of Neurology, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Melissa Nel
- Division of Neurology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Evadnie Rampersaud
- Center for Applied Bioinformatics, St. Jude's Children's Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | | | - Guy Rouleau
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Genetics, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Bryan Traynor
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Unit, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Wouter Van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands, and
| | - Jan Veldink
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands, and
| | - Jochen Weishaupt
- Department of Neurology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Matthew B Harms
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Department of Genetics, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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8
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Bayne AN, Dong J, Amiri S, Farhan SMK, Trempe JF. MTSviewer: A database to visualize mitochondrial targeting sequences, cleavage sites, and mutations on protein structures. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284541. [PMID: 37093842 PMCID: PMC10124841 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in a wide array of human diseases ranging from neurodegenerative disorders to cardiovascular defects. The coordinated localization and import of proteins into mitochondria are essential processes that ensure mitochondrial homeostasis. The localization and import of most mitochondrial proteins are driven by N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequences (MTS's), which interact with import machinery and are removed by the mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP). The recent discovery of internal MTS's-those which are distributed throughout a protein and act as import regulators or secondary MPP cleavage sites-has expanded the role of both MTS's and MPP beyond conventional N-terminal regulatory pathways. Still, the global mutational landscape of MTS's remains poorly characterized, both from genetic and structural perspectives. To this end, we have integrated a variety of tools into one harmonized R/Shiny database called MTSviewer (https://neurobioinfo.github.io/MTSvieweR/), which combines MTS predictions, cleavage sites, genetic variants, pathogenicity predictions, and N-terminomics data with structural visualization using AlphaFold models of human and yeast mitochondrial proteomes. Using MTSviewer, we profiled all MTS-containing proteins across human and yeast mitochondrial proteomes and provide multiple case studies to highlight the utility of this database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Bayne
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Saeid Amiri
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-François Trempe
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Centre de Recherche en Biologie Structurale, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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9
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Fiorini MR, Dilliott AA, Farhan SMK. Sex-stratified RNA-seq analysis reveals traumatic brain injury-induced transcriptional changes in the female hippocampus conducive to dementia. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1026448. [PMID: 36619915 PMCID: PMC9813497 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1026448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI), resulting from a violent force that causes functional changes in the brain, is the foremost environmental risk factor for developing dementia. While previous studies have identified specific candidate genes that may instigate worse outcomes following TBI when mutated, TBI-induced changes in gene expression conducive to dementia are critically understudied. Additionally, biological sex seemingly influences TBI outcomes, but the discrepancies in post-TBI gene expression leading to progressive neurodegeneration between the sexes have yet to be investigated. Methods We conducted a whole-genome RNA sequencing analysis of post-mortem brain tissue from the parietal neocortex, temporal neocortex, frontal white matter, and hippocampus of 107 donors characterized by the Aging, Dementia, and Traumatic Brain Injury Project. Our analysis was sex-stratified and compared gene expression patterns between TBI donors and controls, a subset of which presented with dementia. Results We report three candidate gene modules from the female hippocampus whose expression correlated with dementia in female TBI donors. Enrichment analyses revealed that the candidate modules were notably enriched in cardiac processes and the immune-inflammatory response, among other biological processes. In addition, multiple candidate module genes showed a significant positive correlation with hippocampal concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in females with post-TBI dementia, which has been previously described as a potential biomarker for TBI and susceptibility to post-injury dementia. We concurrently examined the expression profiles of these candidate modules in the hippocampus of males with TBI and found no apparent indicator that the identified candidate modules contribute to post-TBI dementia in males. Discussion Herein, we present the first sex-stratified RNA sequencing analysis of TBI-induced changes within the transcriptome that may be conducive to dementia. This work contributes to our current understanding of the pathophysiological link between TBI and dementia and emphasizes the growing interest in sex as a biological variable affecting TBI outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Fiorini
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,*Correspondence: Michael R. Fiorini ✉
| | - Allison A. Dilliott
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Neuro, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,Allison A. Dilliott ✉
| | - Sali M. K. Farhan
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Neuro, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,Sali M. K. Farhan ✉
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10
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Eitan C, Siany A, Barkan E, Olender T, van Eijk KR, Moisse M, Farhan SMK, Danino YM, Yanowski E, Marmor-Kollet H, Rivkin N, Yacovzada NS, Hung ST, Cooper-Knock J, Yu CH, Louis C, Masters SL, Kenna KP, van der Spek RAA, Sproviero W, Al Khleifat A, Iacoangeli A, Shatunov A, Jones AR, Elbaz-Alon Y, Cohen Y, Chapnik E, Rothschild D, Weissbrod O, Beck G, Ainbinder E, Ben-Dor S, Werneburg S, Schafer DP, Brown RH, Shaw PJ, Van Damme P, van den Berg LH, Phatnani H, Segal E, Ichida JK, Al-Chalabi A, Veldink JH, Hornstein E. Whole-genome sequencing reveals that variants in the Interleukin 18 Receptor Accessory Protein 3'UTR protect against ALS. Nat Neurosci 2022; 25:433-445. [PMID: 35361972 PMCID: PMC7614916 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-022-01040-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The noncoding genome is substantially larger than the protein-coding genome but has been largely unexplored by genetic association studies. Here, we performed region-based rare variant association analysis of >25,000 variants in untranslated regions of 6,139 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) whole genomes and the whole genomes of 70,403 non-ALS controls. We identified interleukin-18 receptor accessory protein (IL18RAP) 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) variants as significantly enriched in non-ALS genomes and associated with a fivefold reduced risk of developing ALS, and this was replicated in an independent cohort. These variants in the IL18RAP 3'UTR reduce mRNA stability and the binding of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding proteins. Finally, the variants of the IL18RAP 3'UTR confer a survival advantage for motor neurons because they dampen neurotoxicity of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived microglia bearing an ALS-associated expansion in C9orf72, and this depends on NF-κB signaling. This study reveals genetic variants that protect against ALS by reducing neuroinflammation and emphasizes the importance of noncoding genetic association studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Eitan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aviad Siany
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elad Barkan
- Department of Computer Science And Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tsviya Olender
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Kristel R van Eijk
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthieu Moisse
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yehuda M Danino
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eran Yanowski
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hagai Marmor-Kollet
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Natalia Rivkin
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Nancy Sarah Yacovzada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Computer Science And Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shu-Ting Hung
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Chien-Hsiung Yu
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Cynthia Louis
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Seth L Masters
- Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Kevin P Kenna
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rick A A van der Spek
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - William Sproviero
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmad Al Khleifat
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alfredo Iacoangeli
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksey Shatunov
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley R Jones
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yael Elbaz-Alon
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yahel Cohen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elik Chapnik
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daphna Rothschild
- Department of Computer Science And Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Omer Weissbrod
- Department of Computer Science And Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gilad Beck
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elena Ainbinder
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shifra Ben-Dor
- Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sebastian Werneburg
- Department of Neurobiology, Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Dorothy P Schafer
- Department of Neurobiology, Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Philip Van Damme
- KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Department of Neurosciences, Experimental Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
- VIB, Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Neurology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hemali Phatnani
- Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, New York Genome Center, New York, USA
| | - Eran Segal
- Department of Computer Science And Applied Math, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Justin K Ichida
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad CIRM Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- King's College London, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London, United Kingdom
- King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Eran Hornstein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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11
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Petrozziello T, Amaral AC, Dujardin S, Farhan SMK, Chan J, Trombetta BA, Kivisäkk P, Mills AN, Bordt EA, Kim SE, Dooley PM, Commins C, Connors TR, Oakley DH, Ghosal A, Gomez-Isla T, Hyman BT, Arnold SE, Spires-Jones T, Cudkowicz ME, Berry JD, Sadri-Vakili G. Novel genetic variants in MAPT and alterations in tau phosphorylation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis post-mortem motor cortex and cerebrospinal fluid. Brain Pathol 2021; 32:e13035. [PMID: 34779076 PMCID: PMC8877756 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the molecular mechanisms underlying amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are not yet fully understood, several studies report alterations in tau phosphorylation in both sporadic and familial ALS. Recently, we have demonstrated that phosphorylated tau at S396 (pTau‐S396) is mislocalized to synapses in ALS motor cortex (mCTX) and contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we demonstrate that while there was no overall increase in total tau, pTau‐S396, and pTau‐S404 in ALS post‐mortem mCTX, total tau and pTau‐S396 were increased in C9ORF72‐ALS. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in pTau‐T181 in ALS mCTX compared controls. Furthermore, we leveraged the ALS Knowledge Portal and Project MinE data sets and identified ALS‐specific genetic variants across MAPT, the gene encoding tau. Lastly, assessment of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples revealed a significant increase in total tau levels in bulbar‐onset ALS together with a decrease in CSF pTau‐T181:tau ratio in all ALS samples, as reported previously. While increases in CSF tau levels correlated with a faster disease progression as measured by the revised ALS functional rating scale (ALSFRS‐R), decreases in CSF pTau‐T181:tau ratio correlated with a slower disease progression, suggesting that CSF total tau and pTau‐T181 ratio may serve as biomarkers of disease in ALS. Our findings highlight the potential role of pTau‐T181 in ALS, as decreases in CSF pTau‐T181:tau ratio may reflect the significant decrease in pTau‐T181 in post‐mortem mCTX. Taken together, these results indicate that tau phosphorylation is altered in ALS post‐mortem mCTX as well as in CSF and, importantly, the newly described pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants identified in MAPT in this study are adjacent to T181 and S396 phosphorylation sites further highlighting the potential role of these tau functional domains in ALS. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are not yet fully understood, recent studies report alterations in tau phosphorylation in ALS. Our study builds on these findings and demonstrates that tau phosphorylation is altered in post‐mortem ALS motor cortex and highlights new and ALS‐specific variants in MAPT, the gene encoding tau. Lastly, we report alterations in phosphorylated tau in ALS cerebrospinal fluid that may function as a predictive biomarker for ALS.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Petrozziello
- Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ana C Amaral
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Simon Dujardin
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James Chan
- Biostatistics Center, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bianca A Trombetta
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pia Kivisäkk
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexandra N Mills
- Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Evan A Bordt
- Department of Pediatrics, Lurie Center for Autism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Spencer E Kim
- Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick M Dooley
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Caitlin Commins
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Theresa R Connors
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Derek H Oakley
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anubrata Ghosal
- Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Teresa Gomez-Isla
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bradley T Hyman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tara Spires-Jones
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Merit E Cudkowicz
- Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James D Berry
- Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ghazaleh Sadri-Vakili
- Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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12
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Petrozziello T, Bordt EA, Mills AN, Kim SE, Sapp E, Devlin BA, Obeng-Marnu AA, Farhan SMK, Amaral AC, Dujardin S, Dooley PM, Henstridge C, Oakley DH, Neueder A, Hyman BT, Spires-Jones TL, Bilbo SD, Vakili K, Cudkowicz ME, Berry JD, DiFiglia M, Silva MC, Haggarty SJ, Sadri-Vakili G. Targeting Tau Mitigates Mitochondrial Fragmentation and Oxidative Stress in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 59:683-702. [PMID: 34757590 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-021-02557-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms underlying amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is crucial for the development of new therapies. Previous studies have demonstrated that mitochondrial dysfunction is a key pathogenetic event in ALS. Interestingly, studies in Alzheimer's disease (AD) post-mortem brain and animal models link alterations in mitochondrial function to interactions between hyperphosphorylated tau and dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), the GTPase involved in mitochondrial fission. Recent evidence suggest that tau may be involved in ALS pathogenesis, therefore, we sought to determine whether hyperphosphorylated tau may lead to mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction in ALS and whether reducing tau may provide a novel therapeutic approach. Our findings demonstrated that pTau-S396 is mis-localized to synapses in post-mortem motor cortex (mCTX) across ALS subtypes. Additionally, the treatment with ALS synaptoneurosomes (SNs), enriched in pTau-S396, increased oxidative stress, induced mitochondrial fragmentation, and altered mitochondrial connectivity without affecting cell survival in vitro. Furthermore, pTau-S396 interacted with DRP1, and similar to pTau-S396, DRP1 accumulated in SNs across ALS subtypes, suggesting increases in mitochondrial fragmentation in ALS. As previously reported, electron microscopy revealed a significant decrease in mitochondria density and length in ALS mCTX. Lastly, reducing tau levels with QC-01-175, a selective tau degrader, prevented ALS SNs-induced mitochondrial fragmentation and oxidative stress in vitro. Collectively, our findings suggest that increases in pTau-S396 may lead to mitochondrial fragmentation and oxidative stress in ALS and decreasing tau may provide a novel strategy to mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction in ALS. pTau-S396 mis-localizes to synapses in ALS. ALS synaptoneurosomes (SNs), enriched in pTau-S396, increase oxidative stress and induce mitochondrial fragmentation in vitro. pTau-S396 interacts with the pro-fission GTPase DRP1 in ALS. Reducing tau with a selective degrader, QC-01-175, mitigates ALS SNs-induced mitochondrial fragmentation and increases in oxidative stress in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Petrozziello
- Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Evan A Bordt
- Department of Pediatrics, Lurie Center for Autism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Alexandra N Mills
- Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Spencer E Kim
- Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Ellen Sapp
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Benjamin A Devlin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Abigail A Obeng-Marnu
- Department of Pediatrics, Lurie Center for Autism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Ana C Amaral
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Simon Dujardin
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Patrick M Dooley
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Christopher Henstridge
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Division of Systems Medicine, Neuroscience, Ninewells hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Derek H Oakley
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Andreas Neueder
- Department of Neurology, Ulm University, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Bradley T Hyman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Tara L Spires-Jones
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Staci D Bilbo
- Department of Pediatrics, Lurie Center for Autism, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02129, USA.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Khashayar Vakili
- Department of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02125, USA
| | - Merit E Cudkowicz
- Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - James D Berry
- Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Marian DiFiglia
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - M Catarina Silva
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.,Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Stephen J Haggarty
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.,Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Ghazaleh Sadri-Vakili
- Sean M. Healey & AMG Center for ALS at Mass General, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02129, USA. .,MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital, Bldg 114 16th Street, R2200, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA.
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13
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Dilliott AA, Abdelhady A, Sunderland KM, Farhan SMK, Abrahao A, Binns MA, Black SE, Borrie M, Casaubon LK, Dowlatshahi D, Finger E, Fischer CE, Frank A, Freedman M, Grimes D, Hassan A, Jog M, Kumar S, Kwan D, Lang AE, Mandzia J, Masellis M, McIntyre AD, Pasternak SH, Pollock BG, Rajji TK, Rogaeva E, Sahlas DJ, Saposnik G, Sato C, Seitz D, Shoesmith C, Steeves TDL, Swartz RH, Tan B, Tang-Wai DF, Tartaglia MC, Turnbull J, Zinman L, Hegele RA. Contribution of rare variant associations to neurodegenerative disease presentation. NPJ Genom Med 2021; 6:80. [PMID: 34584092 PMCID: PMC8478934 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-021-00243-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic factors contribute to neurodegenerative diseases, with high heritability estimates across diagnoses; however, a large portion of the genetic influence remains poorly understood. Many previous studies have attempted to fill the gaps by performing linkage analyses and association studies in individual disease cohorts, but have failed to consider the clinical and pathological overlap observed across neurodegenerative diseases and the potential for genetic overlap between the phenotypes. Here, we leveraged rare variant association analyses (RVAAs) to elucidate the genetic overlap among multiple neurodegenerative diagnoses, including Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), mild cognitive impairment, and Parkinson's disease (PD), as well as cerebrovascular disease, using the data generated with a custom-designed neurodegenerative disease gene panel in the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative (ONDRI). As expected, only ~3% of ONDRI participants harboured a monogenic variant likely driving their disease presentation. Yet, when genes were binned based on previous disease associations, we observed an enrichment of putative loss of function variants in PD genes across all ONDRI cohorts. Further, individual gene-based RVAA identified significant enrichment of rare, nonsynonymous variants in PARK2 in the FTD cohort, and in NOTCH3 in the PD cohort. The results indicate that there may be greater heterogeneity in the genetic factors contributing to neurodegeneration than previously appreciated. Although the mechanisms by which these genes contribute to disease presentation must be further explored, we hypothesize they may be a result of rare variants of moderate phenotypic effect contributing to overlapping pathology and clinical features observed across neurodegenerative diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison A Dilliott
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
| | - Abdalla Abdelhady
- Department of Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Kelly M Sunderland
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, and Human Genetics, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Agessandro Abrahao
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Malcolm A Binns
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sandra E Black
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- LCCampbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program Sunnybrook Health Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Borrie
- St. Joseph's Health Care Centre, London, ON, Canada
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Leanne K Casaubon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University Health Network Stroke Program, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dar Dowlatshahi
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Finger
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - Corinne E Fischer
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Frank
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Morris Freedman
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Baycrest Health Sciences, Mt. Sinai Hospital and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Grimes
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ayman Hassan
- Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute and Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Mandar Jog
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Donna Kwan
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony E Lang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer Mandzia
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mario Masellis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Cognitive & Movement Disorders Clinic and L.C. Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Hurvitz Brain Science Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adam D McIntyre
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen H Pasternak
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Research Centre, Parkwood Institute, St. Joseph's Health Care, London, ON, Canada
| | - Bruce G Pollock
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tarek K Rajji
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Toronto Dementia Research Alliance, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Gustavo Saposnik
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Clinical Outcomes and Decision Neuroscience Unit, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christine Sato
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Dallas Seitz
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Thomas D L Steeves
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Richard H Swartz
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- LCCampbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program Sunnybrook Health Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brian Tan
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David F Tang-Wai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- University Health Network Memory Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maria C Tartaglia
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John Turnbull
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lorne Zinman
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
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14
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Volkening K, Farhan SMK, Kao J, Leystra-Lantz C, Ang LC, McIntyre A, Wang J, Hegele RA, Strong MJ. Evidence of synergism among three genetic variants in a patient with LMNA-related lipodystrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis leading to a remarkable nuclear phenotype. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2633-2650. [PMID: 33661429 PMCID: PMC8192393 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), can be clinically heterogeneous which may be explained by the co-inheritance of multiple genetic variants that modify the clinical course. In this study we examine variants in three genes in a family with one individual presenting with ALS and lipodystrophy. Sequencing revealed a p.Gly602Ser variant in LMNA, and two additional variants, one each in SETX (g.intron10-13delCTT) and FUS (p.Gly167_Gly168del). These latter genes have been linked to ALS. All family members were genotyped and each variant, and each combination of variants detected, were functionally evaluated in vitro regarding effects on cell survival, expression patterns and cellular phenotype. Muscle biopsy retrieved from the individual with ALS showed leakage of chromatin from the nucleus, a phenotype that was recapitulated in vitro with expression of all three variants simultaneously. Individually expressed variants gave cellular phenotypes there were unremarkable. Interestingly the FUS variant appears to be protective against the effects of the SETX and the LMNA variants on cell viability and may indicate loss of interaction of FUS with SETX and/or R-loops. We conclude that these findings support genetic modifications as an explanation of the clinical heterogeneity observed in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Volkening
- Molecular Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Jessica Kao
- Molecular Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Cheryl Leystra-Lantz
- Molecular Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Lee Cyn Ang
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre-University Hospital, London, ON, Canada
| | - Adam McIntyre
- Blackburn Cardiovascular Genetics Lab, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jian Wang
- Blackburn Cardiovascular Genetics Lab, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, London Health Sciences Centre-University Hospital, London, ON, Canada
- Blackburn Cardiovascular Genetics Lab, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Michael J Strong
- Molecular Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
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15
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Reichenstein I, Eitan C, Diaz-Garcia S, Haim G, Magen I, Siany A, Hoye ML, Rivkin N, Olender T, Toth B, Ravid R, Mandelbaum AD, Yanowski E, Liang J, Rymer JK, Levy R, Beck G, Ainbinder E, Farhan SMK, Lennox KA, Bode NM, Behlke MA, Möller T, Saxena S, Moreno CAM, Costaguta G, van Eijk KR, Phatnani H, Al-Chalabi A, Başak AN, van den Berg LH, Hardiman O, Landers JE, Mora JS, Morrison KE, Shaw PJ, Veldink JH, Pfaff SL, Yizhar O, Gross C, Brown RH, Ravits JM, Harms MB, Miller TM, Hornstein E. Human genetics and neuropathology suggest a link between miR-218 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathophysiology. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/523/eaav5264. [PMID: 31852800 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aav5264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Motor neuron-specific microRNA-218 (miR-218) has recently received attention because of its roles in mouse development. However, miR-218 relevance to human motor neuron disease was not yet explored. Here, we demonstrate by neuropathology that miR-218 is abundant in healthy human motor neurons. However, in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) motor neurons, miR-218 is down-regulated and its mRNA targets are reciprocally up-regulated (derepressed). We further identify the potassium channel Kv10.1 as a new miR-218 direct target that controls neuronal activity. In addition, we screened thousands of ALS genomes and identified six rare variants in the human miR-218-2 sequence. miR-218 gene variants fail to regulate neuron activity, suggesting the importance of this small endogenous RNA for neuronal robustness. The underlying mechanisms involve inhibition of miR-218 biogenesis and reduced processing by DICER. Therefore, miR-218 activity in motor neurons may be susceptible to failure in human ALS, suggesting that miR-218 may be a potential therapeutic target in motor neuron disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Reichenstein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Chen Eitan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.,Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium
| | | | - Guy Haim
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Iddo Magen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Aviad Siany
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Mariah L Hoye
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Natali Rivkin
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Tsviya Olender
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Beata Toth
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Revital Ravid
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Amitai D Mandelbaum
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Eran Yanowski
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Jeffrey K Rymer
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Rivka Levy
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Gilad Beck
- Stem Cell Core and Advanced Cell Technologies Unit, Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Elena Ainbinder
- Stem Cell Core and Advanced Cell Technologies Unit, Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kimberly A Lennox
- Integrated DNA Technologies, 1710 Commercial Park, Coralville, IA 52241, USA
| | - Nicole M Bode
- Integrated DNA Technologies, 1710 Commercial Park, Coralville, IA 52241, USA
| | - Mark A Behlke
- Integrated DNA Technologies, 1710 Commercial Park, Coralville, IA 52241, USA
| | - Thomas Möller
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Smita Saxena
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 16, CH-3010 Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 40, CH-3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Giancarlo Costaguta
- Gene Expression Laboratory and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kristel R van Eijk
- Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium.,Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Hemali Phatnani
- Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease (CGND) and New York Genome Center (NYGC) ALS Consortium, New York, NY 10013, USA
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium.,Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute and United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute, Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, King's College London, London SE5 9RX, UK.,Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, UK
| | - A Nazli Başak
- Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium.,Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center, NDAL, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium.,Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Orla Hardiman
- Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium.,Academic Unit of Neurology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin 2, Republic of Ireland.,Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 2, Republic of Ireland
| | - John E Landers
- Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium.,Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jesus S Mora
- Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium.,ALS Unit, Hospital San Rafael, Madrid 28016, Spain
| | - Karen E Morrison
- Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium.,Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium.,Department of Neurology, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CG, The Netherlands
| | - Samuel L Pfaff
- Gene Expression Laboratory and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ofer Yizhar
- Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Christina Gross
- Division of Neurology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Robert H Brown
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - John M Ravits
- Department of Neurosciences, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Matthew B Harms
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Timothy M Miller
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Eran Hornstein
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel. .,Project MinE ALS Sequencing Consortium
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16
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Farhan SMK, Howrigan DP, Abbott LE, Klim JR, Topp SD, Byrnes AE, Churchhouse C, Phatnani H, Smith BN, Rampersaud E, Wu G, Wuu J, Shatunov A, Iacoangeli A, Khleifat AA, Mordes DA, Ghosh S, Eggan K, Rademakers R, McCauley JL, Schüle R, Züchner S, Benatar M, Taylor JP, Nalls M, Gotkine M, Shaw PJ, Morrison KE, Al-Chalabi A, Traynor B, Shaw CE, Goldstein DB, Harms MB, Daly MJ, Neale BM. Publisher Correction: Exome sequencing in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis implicates a novel gene, DNAJC7, encoding a heat-shock protein. Nat Neurosci 2019; 23:295. [PMID: 31857710 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0570-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sali M K Farhan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Daniel P Howrigan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Liam E Abbott
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joseph R Klim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Simon D Topp
- United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute Centre, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrea E Byrnes
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Claire Churchhouse
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hemali Phatnani
- Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bradley N Smith
- United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute Centre, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Evadnie Rampersaud
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Joanne Wuu
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Aleksey Shatunov
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alfredo Iacoangeli
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ahmad Al Khleifat
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute King's College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel A Mordes
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sulagna Ghosh
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Kevin Eggan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jacob L McCauley
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,The Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rebecca Schüle
- Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute für Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Züchner
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.,The Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michael Benatar
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - J Paul Taylor
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michael Nalls
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
| | - Marc Gotkine
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Karen E Morrison
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute King's College London, London, UK.,Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Bryan Traynor
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute Centre, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David B Goldstein
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew B Harms
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark J Daly
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin M Neale
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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17
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Farhan SMK, Howrigan DP, Abbott LE, Klim JR, Topp SD, Byrnes AE, Churchhouse C, Phatnani H, Smith BN, Rampersaud E, Wu G, Wuu J, Shatunov A, Iacoangeli A, Al Khleifat A, Mordes DA, Ghosh S, Eggan K, Rademakers R, McCauley JL, Schüle R, Züchner S, Benatar M, Taylor JP, Nalls M, Gotkine M, Shaw PJ, Morrison KE, Al-Chalabi A, Traynor B, Shaw CE, Goldstein DB, Harms MB, Daly MJ, Neale BM. Exome sequencing in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis implicates a novel gene, DNAJC7, encoding a heat-shock protein. Nat Neurosci 2019; 22:1966-1974. [PMID: 31768050 PMCID: PMC6919277 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-019-0530-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To discover novel genes underlying amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), we aggregated exomes from 3,864 cases and 7,839 ancestry-matched controls. We observed a significant excess of rare protein-truncating variants among ALS cases, and these variants were concentrated in constrained genes. Through gene level analyses, we replicated known ALS genes including SOD1, NEK1 and FUS. We also observed multiple distinct protein-truncating variants in a highly constrained gene, DNAJC7. The signal in DNAJC7 exceeded genome-wide significance, and immunoblotting assays showed depletion of DNAJC7 protein in fibroblasts in a patient with ALS carrying the p.Arg156Ter variant. DNAJC7 encodes a member of the heat-shock protein family, HSP40, which, along with HSP70 proteins, facilitates protein homeostasis, including folding of newly synthesized polypeptides and clearance of degraded proteins. When these processes are not regulated, misfolding and accumulation of aberrant proteins can occur and lead to protein aggregation, which is a pathological hallmark of neurodegeneration. Our results highlight DNAJC7 as a novel gene for ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sali M K Farhan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Daniel P Howrigan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Liam E Abbott
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joseph R Klim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Simon D Topp
- United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute Centre, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Andrea E Byrnes
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Claire Churchhouse
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Hemali Phatnani
- Center for Genomics of Neurodegenerative Disease, New York Genome Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bradley N Smith
- United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute Centre, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Evadnie Rampersaud
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Joanne Wuu
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Aleksey Shatunov
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Alfredo Iacoangeli
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ahmad Al Khleifat
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel A Mordes
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sulagna Ghosh
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kevin Eggan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jacob L McCauley
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- The Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rebecca Schüle
- Center for Neurology and Hertie Institute für Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Züchner
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
- The Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michael Benatar
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - J Paul Taylor
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Michael Nalls
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Data Tecnica International, Glen Echo, MD, USA
| | - Marc Gotkine
- Department of Neurology, The Agnes Ginges Center for Human Neurogenetics, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Karen E Morrison
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton and Department of Neurology, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Neurology, King's College Hospital, London, UK
| | - Bryan Traynor
- Molecular Genetics Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- United Kingdom Dementia Research Institute Centre, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Centre for Brain Research, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - David B Goldstein
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew B Harms
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark J Daly
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Benjamin M Neale
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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18
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Lackie RE, Razzaq AR, Farhan SMK, Qiu LR, Moshitzky G, Beraldo FH, Lopes MH, Maciejewski A, Gros R, Fan J, Choy WY, Greenberg DS, Martins VR, Duennwald ML, Lerch JP, Soreq H, Prado VF, Prado MAM. Modulation of hippocampal neuronal resilience during aging by the Hsp70/Hsp90 co-chaperone STI1. J Neurochem 2019; 153:727-758. [PMID: 31562773 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chaperone networks are dysregulated with aging, but whether compromised Hsp70/Hsp90 chaperone function disturbs neuronal resilience is unknown. Stress-inducible phosphoprotein 1 (STI1; STIP1; HOP) is a co-chaperone that simultaneously interacts with Hsp70 and Hsp90, but whose function in vivo remains poorly understood. We combined in-depth analysis of chaperone genes in human datasets, analysis of a neuronal cell line lacking STI1 and of a mouse line with a hypomorphic Stip1 allele to investigate the requirement for STI1 in aging. Our experiments revealed that dysfunctional STI1 activity compromised Hsp70/Hsp90 chaperone network and neuronal resilience. The levels of a set of Hsp90 co-chaperones and client proteins were selectively affected by reduced levels of STI1, suggesting that their stability depends on functional Hsp70/Hsp90 machinery. Analysis of human databases revealed a subset of co-chaperones, including STI1, whose loss of function is incompatible with life in mammals, albeit they are not essential in yeast. Importantly, mice expressing a hypomorphic STI1 allele presented spontaneous age-dependent hippocampal neurodegeneration and reduced hippocampal volume, with consequent spatial memory deficit. We suggest that impaired STI1 function compromises Hsp70/Hsp90 chaperone activity in mammals and can by itself cause age-dependent hippocampal neurodegeneration in mice. Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.14749.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Lackie
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Program in Neuroscience, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abdul R Razzaq
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Program in Neuroscience, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and The Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lily R Qiu
- Mouse Imaging Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gilli Moshitzky
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Flavio H Beraldo
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marilene H Lopes
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Laboratory of Neurobiology and Stem cells, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrzej Maciejewski
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Gros
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jue Fan
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wing-Yiu Choy
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David S Greenberg
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vilma R Martins
- International Research Center, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martin L Duennwald
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jason P Lerch
- Mouse Imaging Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hermona Soreq
- Department of Biological Chemistry, The Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vania F Prado
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Program in Neuroscience, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marco A M Prado
- Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Program in Neuroscience, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Spataro R, Kousi M, Farhan SMK, Willer JR, Ross JP, Dion PA, Rouleau GA, Daly MJ, Neale BM, La Bella V, Katsanis N. Mutations in ATP13A2 (PARK9) are associated with an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like phenotype, implicating this locus in further phenotypic expansion. Hum Genomics 2019; 13:19. [PMID: 30992063 PMCID: PMC6469102 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-019-0203-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [1] is a genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by late-onset degeneration of motor neurons leading to progressive limb and bulbar weakness, as well as of the respiratory muscles, which is the primary cause of disease fatality. To date, over 25 genes have been implicated as causative in ALS with C9orf72, SOD1, FUS, and TARDBP accounting for the majority of genetically positive cases. RESULTS We identified two patients of Italian and French ancestry with a clinical diagnosis of juvenile-onset ALS who were mutation-negative in any of the known ALS causative genes. Starting with the index case, a consanguineous family of Italian origin, we performed whole-exome sequencing and identified candidate pathogenic mutations in 35 genes, 27 of which were homozygous. We next parsed all candidates against a cohort of 3641 ALS cases; only ATP13A2 was found to harbor recessive changes, in a patient with juvenile-onset ALS, similar to the index case. In vivo complementation of ATP13A2 using a zebrafish surrogate model that focused on the assessment of motor neuron morphology and cerebellar integrity confirmed the role of this gene in central and peripheral nervous system maintenance and corroborated the damaging direction of effect of the change detected in the index case of this study. CONCLUSIONS We here expand the phenotypic spectrum associated with genetic variants in ATP13A2 that previously comprised Kufor-Rakeb syndrome, spastic paraplegia 78, and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 12 (CLN12), to also include juvenile-onset ALS, as supported by both genetic and functional data. Our findings highlight the importance of establishing a complete genetic profile towards obtaining an accurate clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Kousi
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Carmichael Building, 300 North Duke Street, Suite 48-118, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.,MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), Cambridge, MA, USA.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jason R Willer
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Carmichael Building, 300 North Duke Street, Suite 48-118, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Jay P Ross
- Montreal Neurological Institute, and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Patrick A Dion
- Montreal Neurological Institute, and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Montreal Neurological Institute, and Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mark J Daly
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Benjamin M Neale
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Vincenzo La Bella
- ALS Clinical Research Center, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, via G La Loggia 1, 90129, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Nicholas Katsanis
- Center for Human Disease Modeling, Duke University Medical Center, Carmichael Building, 300 North Duke Street, Suite 48-118, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
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20
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Dilliott AA, Farhan SMK, Ghani M, Sato C, Liang E, Zhang M, McIntyre AD, Cao H, Racacho L, Robinson JF, Strong MJ, Masellis M, Bulman DE, Rogaeva E, Lang A, Tartaglia C, Finger E, Zinman L, Turnbull J, Freedman M, Swartz R, Black SE, Hegele RA. Targeted Next-generation Sequencing and Bioinformatics Pipeline to Evaluate Genetic Determinants of Constitutional Disease. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29683450 PMCID: PMC5933375 DOI: 10.3791/57266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is quickly revolutionizing how research into the genetic determinants of constitutional disease is performed. The technique is highly efficient with millions of sequencing reads being produced in a short time span and at relatively low cost. Specifically, targeted NGS is able to focus investigations to genomic regions of particular interest based on the disease of study. Not only does this further reduce costs and increase the speed of the process, but it lessens the computational burden that often accompanies NGS. Although targeted NGS is restricted to certain regions of the genome, preventing identification of potential novel loci of interest, it can be an excellent technique when faced with a phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous disease, for which there are previously known genetic associations. Because of the complex nature of the sequencing technique, it is important to closely adhere to protocols and methodologies in order to achieve sequencing reads of high coverage and quality. Further, once sequencing reads are obtained, a sophisticated bioinformatics workflow is utilized to accurately map reads to a reference genome, to call variants, and to ensure the variants pass quality metrics. Variants must also be annotated and curated based on their clinical significance, which can be standardized by applying the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics Pathogenicity Guidelines. The methods presented herein will display the steps involved in generating and analyzing NGS data from a targeted sequencing panel, using the ONDRISeq neurodegenerative disease panel as a model, to identify variants that may be of clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison A Dilliott
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University; Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Stanley Centre for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard
| | - Mahdi Ghani
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto
| | - Christine Sato
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto
| | - Eric Liang
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University
| | - Ming Zhang
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto
| | - Adam D McIntyre
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University
| | - Henian Cao
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University
| | - Lemuel Racacho
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa; CHEO Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - John F Robinson
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University
| | - Michael J Strong
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University; Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University
| | - Mario Masellis
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto
| | - Dennis E Bulman
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa; CHEO Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto
| | - Anthony Lang
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto Western Hospital
| | - Carmela Tartaglia
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto
| | - Elizabeth Finger
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University; Parkwood Institute, St. Joseph's Health Care
| | - Lorne Zinman
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto
| | - John Turnbull
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology, McMaster University
| | - Morris Freedman
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Baycrest Health Sciences
| | - Rick Swartz
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto
| | - Sandra E Black
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Canadian Partnership for Stroke Recovery Sunnybrook Site, Sunnybrook Health Science Centre, University of Toronto
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University; Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University;
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21
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Farhan SMK, Nixon KCJ, Everest M, Edwards TN, Long S, Segal D, Knip MJ, Arts HH, Chakrabarti R, Wang J, Robinson JF, Lee D, Mirsattari SM, Rupar CA, Siu VM, Poulter MO, Hegele RA, Kramer JM. Identification of a novel synaptic protein, TMTC3, involved in periventricular nodular heterotopia with intellectual disability and epilepsy. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 26:4278-4289. [PMID: 28973161 PMCID: PMC5886076 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in neuronal migration cause brain malformations, which are associated with intellectual disability (ID) and epilepsy. Using exome sequencing, we identified compound heterozygous variants (p.Arg71His and p. Leu729ThrfsTer6) in TMTC3, encoding transmembrane and tetratricopeptide repeat containing 3, in four siblings with nocturnal seizures and ID. Three of the four siblings have periventricular nodular heterotopia (PVNH), a common brain malformation caused by failure of neurons to migrate from the ventricular zone to the cortex. Expression analysis using patient-derived cells confirmed reduced TMTC3 transcript levels and loss of the TMTC3 protein compared to parental and control cells. As TMTC3 function is currently unexplored in the brain, we gathered support for a neurobiological role for TMTC3 by generating flies with post-mitotic neuron-specific knockdown of the highly conserved Drosophila melanogaster TMTC3 ortholog, CG4050/tmtc3. Neuron-specific knockdown of tmtc3 in flies resulted in increased susceptibility to induced seizures. Importantly, this phenotype was rescued by neuron-specific expression of human TMTC3, suggesting a role for TMTC3 in seizure biology. In addition, we observed co-localization of TMTC3 in the rat brain with vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT), a presynaptic marker for inhibitory synapses. TMTC3 is localized at VGAT positive pre-synaptic terminals and boutons in the rat hypothalamus and piriform cortex, suggesting a role for TMTC3 in the regulation of GABAergic inhibitory synapses. TMTC3 did not co-localize with Vglut2, a presynaptic marker for excitatory neurons. Our data identified TMTC3 as a synaptic protein that is involved in PVNH with ID and epilepsy, in addition to its previously described association with cobblestone lissencephaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sali M K Farhan
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7.,Department of Biochemistry
| | - Kevin C J Nixon
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Michelle Everest
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Tara N Edwards
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Shirley Long
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Dmitri Segal
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Maria J Knip
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Heleen H Arts
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7.,Division of Genetics and Development, Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5W9.,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rana Chakrabarti
- Division of Genetics and Development, Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5W9.,Department of Pediatrics
| | - Jian Wang
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7
| | - John F Robinson
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7
| | | | - Seyed M Mirsattari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1.,Departments of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Medical Biophysics, Medical Imaging and Psychology
| | - C Anthony Rupar
- Department of Biochemistry.,Division of Genetics and Development, Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5W9.,Department of Pediatrics.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Victoria M Siu
- Department of Biochemistry.,Division of Genetics and Development, Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5W9.,Department of Pediatrics
| | | | - Michael O Poulter
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7.,Department of Biochemistry
| | - Jamie M Kramer
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5C1.,Division of Genetics and Development, Children's Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5W9.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada, N6A 5B7
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22
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Farhan SMK, Gendron TF, Petrucelli L, Hegele RA, Strong MJ. Cover Image, Volume 177B, Number 1, January 2018. Am J Med Genet 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sali M. K. Farhan
- Robarts Research Institute; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
- Department of Biochemistry; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
| | | | | | - Robert A. Hegele
- Robarts Research Institute; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
- Department of Biochemistry; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
| | - Michael J. Strong
- Robarts Research Institute; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences; Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
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23
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Farhan SMK, Gendron TF, Petrucelli L, Hegele RA, Strong MJ. OPTN p.Met468Arg and ATXN2 intermediate length polyQ extension in families with C9orf72 mediated amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2018; 177:75-85. [PMID: 29080331 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have ascertained two families affected with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in which they both carry a hexanucleotide repeat expansion in the C9orf72 gene, specifically in individuals who also presented with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) or behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD). While some reports attribute this phenotypic heterogeneity to the C9orf72 expansion alone, we screened for additional genetic variation in known ALS-FTD genes that may also contribute to or modify the phenotypes. We performed genetic testing consisting of C9orf72 hexanucleotide expansion, ATXN2 polyglutamine (polyQ) expansion, and targeted next generation sequencing using the ONDRISeq, a gene panel consisting of 80 genes known to be associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS, FTD, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and vascular cognitive impairment. In addition to the C9orf72 expansion, we observed an ATXN2 polyQ intermediate length expansion, and OPTN p.Met468Arg in patients who exhibited ALS and FTD or bvFTD. We conclude that the C9orf72 expansion likely explains much of the ALS-FTD phenotype; however, inheritance of these additional variants likely modifies the disease course and may provide further evidence for biologically relevant oligogenic inheritance in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sali M K Farhan
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tania F Gendron
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
| | | | - Robert A Hegele
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael J Strong
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Farhan SMK, Gendron TF, Petrucelli L, Hegele RA, Strong MJ. ARHGEF28 p.Lys280Metfs40Ter in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis family with a C9orf72 expansion. Neurol Genet 2017; 3:e190. [PMID: 28971145 PMCID: PMC5616022 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sali M K Farhan
- Department of Biochemistry (S.M.K.F., R.A.H.), Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (T.F.G., L.P.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; and Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences (M.J.S.), Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tania F Gendron
- Department of Biochemistry (S.M.K.F., R.A.H.), Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (T.F.G., L.P.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; and Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences (M.J.S.), Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Biochemistry (S.M.K.F., R.A.H.), Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (T.F.G., L.P.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; and Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences (M.J.S.), Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Department of Biochemistry (S.M.K.F., R.A.H.), Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (T.F.G., L.P.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; and Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences (M.J.S.), Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael J Strong
- Department of Biochemistry (S.M.K.F., R.A.H.), Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neuroscience (T.F.G., L.P.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; and Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences (M.J.S.), Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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25
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Badalato L, Farhan SMK, Dilliott AA, Bulman DE, Hegele RA, Goobie SL. KMT2D p.Gln3575His segregating in a family with autosomal dominant choanal atresia strengthens the Kabuki/CHARGE connection. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 173:183-189. [PMID: 27991736 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Choanal atresia is rarely reported in Kabuki syndrome, but is a common feature of CHARGE syndrome. Otherwise, the two conditions have a number of overlapping features, and the molecular links between them have recently been elucidated. Here, we report a case of a mother and her two children who presented with congenital choanal atresia. We performed whole exome sequencing on DNA from the mother and her two unaffected parents, and identified a de novo, novel variant in KMT2D. KMT2D p.Gln3575His segregated with disease status in the family, and is associated with a unique and conserved phenotype in the affected family members, with features overlapping with Kabuki and CHARGE syndromes. Our findings further support the potential etiological link between these two classically distinct conditions. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Badalato
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Genetics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sali M K Farhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allison A Dilliott
- Department of Biochemistry and Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Dennis E Bulman
- Faculty of Medicine, Departments of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Department of Biochemistry and Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sharan L Goobie
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health Centre, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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26
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Farhan SMK, Dilliott AA, Ghani M, Sato C, Liang E, Zhang M, McIntyre AD, Cao H, Racacho L, Robinson JF, Strong MJ, Masellis M, St George-Hyslop P, Bulman DE, Rogaeva E, Hegele RA. The ONDRISeq panel: custom-designed next-generation sequencing of genes related to neurodegeneration. NPJ Genom Med 2016; 1:16032. [PMID: 29263818 PMCID: PMC5685311 DOI: 10.1038/npjgenmed.2016.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative (ONDRI) is a multimodal, multi-year, prospective observational cohort study to characterise five diseases: (1) Alzheimer's disease (AD) or amnestic single or multidomain mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) (AD/MCI); (2) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS); (3) frontotemporal dementia (FTD); (4) Parkinson's disease (PD); and (5) vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). The ONDRI Genomics subgroup is investigating the genetic basis of neurodegeneration. We have developed a custom next-generation-sequencing-based panel, ONDRISeq that targets 80 genes known to be associated with neurodegeneration. We processed DNA collected from 216 individuals diagnosed with one of the five diseases, on ONDRISeq. All runs were executed on a MiSeq instrument and subjected to rigorous quality control assessments. We also independently validated a subset of the variant calls using NeuroX (a genome-wide array for neurodegenerative disorders), TaqMan allelic discrimination assay, or Sanger sequencing. ONDRISeq consistently generated high-quality genotyping calls and on average, 92% of targeted bases are covered by at least 30 reads. We also observed 100% concordance for the variants identified via ONDRISeq and validated by other genomic technologies. We were successful in detecting known as well as novel rare variants in 72.2% of cases although not all variants are disease-causing. Using ONDRISeq, we also found that the APOE E4 allele had a frequency of 0.167 in these samples. Our optimised workflow highlights next-generation sequencing as a robust tool in elucidating the genetic basis of neurodegenerative diseases by screening multiple candidate genes simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sali M K Farhan
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Allison A Dilliott
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mahdi Ghani
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christine Sato
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Liang
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Ming Zhang
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adam D McIntyre
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Henian Cao
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Lemuel Racacho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - John F Robinson
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Michael J Strong
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mario Masellis
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Research Unit, Hurvitz Brain Science Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dennis E Bulman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- Sali M K Farhan
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Room 4288, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, ON N6A 5K8, Canada
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Room 4288, 1151 Richmond Street North, London, ON N6A 5K8, Canada
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28
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Farhan SMK, Wang J, Robinson JF, Prasad AN, Rupar CA, Siu VM, Hegele RA. Old gene, new phenotype: mutations in heparan sulfate synthesis enzyme, EXT2 leads to seizure and developmental disorder, no exostoses. J Med Genet 2015; 52:666-75. [PMID: 26246518 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heparan sulfate proteoglycans are vital components of the extracellular matrix and are essential for cellular homeostasis. Many genes are involved in modulating heparan sulfate synthesis, and when these genes are mutated, they can give rise to early-onset developmental disorders affecting multiple body systems. Herein, we describe a consanguineous family of four sibs with a novel disorder, which we designate as seizures-scoliosis-macrocephaly syndrome, characterised by seizures, intellectual disability, hypotonia, scoliosis, macrocephaly, hypertelorism and renal dysfunction. METHODS Our application of autozygosity mapping and whole-exome sequencing allowed us to identify mutations in the patients. To confirm the autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance, all available family members were genotyped. We also studied the effect of these mutations on protein expression and function in patient cells and using an in vitro system. RESULTS We identified two homozygous mutations p.Met87Arg and p.Arg95 Cys in exostosin 2, EXT2, a ubiquitously expressed gene that encodes a glycosyltransferase required for heparan sulfate synthesis. In patient cells, we observed diminished EXT2 expression and function. We also performed an in vitro assay to determine which mutation has a larger effect on protein expression and observed reduced EXT2 expression in constructs expressing either one of the mutations but a greater reduction when both residues were mutated. CONCLUSIONS In short, we have unravelled the genetic basis of a new recessive disorder, seizures-scoliosis-macrocephaly syndrome. Our results have implicated a well-characterised gene in a new developmental disorder and have further illustrated the spectrum of phenotypes that can arise due to errors in glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sali M K Farhan
- Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jian Wang
- Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Asuri N Prasad
- Division of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - C Anthony Rupar
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada Medical Genetics Program, Department of Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victoria M Siu
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada Medical Genetics Program, Department of Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Robert A Hegele
- Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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29
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Farhan SMK. Something old, something new: TBK1, a novel gene in known amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pathways. Clin Genet 2015; 88:339-40. [PMID: 26072952 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S M K Farhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Canada.
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30
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Farhan SMK, Robinson JF, McIntyre AD, Marrosu MG, Ticca AF, Loddo S, Carboni N, Brancati F, Hegele RA. A novel LIPE nonsense mutation found using exome sequencing in siblings with late-onset familial partial lipodystrophy. Can J Cardiol 2014; 30:1649-54. [PMID: 25475467 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2014.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial lipodystrophies are rare inherited disorders associated with redistribution of body fat and development of dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and diabetes. We previously reported 2 siblings with unusual late-onset familial partial lipodystrophy in whom heretofore known causative genes had been excluded. We hypothesized they had a mutation in a novel lipodystrophy gene. METHODS Our approach centred on whole exome sequencing of the patients' DNA, together with genetic linkage analysis and a bioinformatic prioritization analysis. All candidate variants were assessed in silico and available family members were genotyped to assess segregation of mutations. RESULTS Our prioritization algorithm led us to a novel homozygous nonsense variant, namely p.Ala507fsTer563 in the hormone sensitive lipase gene encoding, an enzyme that is differentially expressed in adipocytes and steroidogenic tissues. Pathogenicity of the mutation was supported in bioinformatic analyses and variant cosegregation within the family. CONCLUSIONS We have identified a novel nonsense mutation in hormone sensitive lipase gene, which likely explains the lipodystrophy phenotype observed in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sali M K Farhan
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Robarts Research, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - John F Robinson
- Robarts Research, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam D McIntyre
- Robarts Research, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria G Marrosu
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Anna F Ticca
- Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sara Loddo
- IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, Istituto Mendel, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Nicola Carboni
- Division of Neurology, Hospital San Francesco of Nuoro, Nuoro, Italy
| | - Francesco Brancati
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, Gabriele D'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada; Robarts Research, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
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31
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Farhan SMK, Murphy LM, Robinson JF, Wang J, Siu VM, Rupar CA, Prasad AN, Hegele RA. Linkage analysis and exome sequencing identify a novel mutation inKCTD7in patients with progressive myoclonus epilepsy with ataxia. Epilepsia 2014; 55:e106-11. [DOI: 10.1111/epi.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sali M. K. Farhan
- Robarts Research Institute; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
- Department of Biochemistry; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
| | - Lisa M. Murphy
- Robarts Research Institute; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
| | - John F. Robinson
- Robarts Research Institute; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
| | - Jian Wang
- Robarts Research Institute; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
| | - Victoria M. Siu
- Department of Biochemistry; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
- Medical Genetics Program; Department of Pediatrics; London Health Sciences Centre; London Ontario Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute; London Health Sciences Centre; London Ontario Canada
| | - C. Anthony Rupar
- Department of Biochemistry; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
- Medical Genetics Program; Department of Pediatrics; London Health Sciences Centre; London Ontario Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute; London Health Sciences Centre; London Ontario Canada
| | - Asuri N. Prasad
- Children's Health Research Institute; London Health Sciences Centre; London Ontario Canada
- Division of Clinical Neurological Sciences; Department of Pediatrics; London Health Sciences Centre; London Ontario Canada
| | - Robert A. Hegele
- Robarts Research Institute; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
- Department of Biochemistry; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; Western University; London Ontario Canada
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Farhan SMK, Wang J, Robinson JF, Lahiry P, Siu VM, Prasad C, Kronick JB, Ramsay DA, Rupar CA, Hegele RA. Exome sequencing identifies NFS1 deficiency in a novel Fe-S cluster disease, infantile mitochondrial complex II/III deficiency. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2013; 2:73-80. [PMID: 24498631 PMCID: PMC3907916 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are a class of highly conserved and ubiquitous prosthetic groups with unique chemical properties that allow the proteins that contain them, Fe-S proteins, to assist in various key biochemical pathways. Mutations in Fe-S proteins often disrupt Fe-S cluster assembly leading to a spectrum of severe disorders such as Friedreich's ataxia or iron-sulfur cluster assembly enzyme (ISCU) myopathy. Herein, we describe infantile mitochondrial complex II/III deficiency, a novel autosomal recessive mitochondrial disease characterized by lactic acidemia, hypotonia, respiratory chain complex II and III deficiency, multisystem organ failure and abnormal mitochondria. Through autozygosity mapping, exome sequencing, in silico analyses, population studies and functional tests, we identified c.215G>A, p.Arg72Gln in NFS1 as the likely causative mutation. We describe the first disease in man likely caused by deficiency in NFS1, a cysteine desulfurase that is implicated in respiratory chain function and iron maintenance by initiating Fe-S cluster biosynthesis. Our results further demonstrate the importance of sufficient NFS1 expression in human physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sali M K Farhan
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University London, Ontario, N6A 5K8, Canada ; Department of Biochemistry Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Jian Wang
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University London, Ontario, N6A 5K8, Canada
| | - John F Robinson
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University London, Ontario, N6A 5K8, Canada
| | - Piya Lahiry
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University London, Ontario, N6A 5K8, Canada
| | - Victoria M Siu
- Department of Biochemistry Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada ; Medical Genetics Program Department of Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre London, Ontario, N6C 2V5, Canada ; Children's Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre London, Ontario, N6C 2V5, Canada
| | - Chitra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada ; Medical Genetics Program Department of Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre London, Ontario, N6C 2V5, Canada ; Children's Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre London, Ontario, N6C 2V5, Canada
| | - Jonathan B Kronick
- Division of Clinical and Metabolic Genetics The Hospital for Sick Children Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - David A Ramsay
- Department of Pathology, London Health Sciences Centre London, Ontario, N6A 5A5, Canada
| | - C Anthony Rupar
- Department of Biochemistry Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada ; Medical Genetics Program Department of Pediatrics, London Health Sciences Centre London, Ontario, N6C 2V5, Canada ; Children's Health Research Institute, London Health Sciences Centre London, Ontario, N6C 2V5, Canada
| | - Robert A Hegele
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University London, Ontario, N6A 5K8, Canada ; Department of Biochemistry Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
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