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Activation time at left ventricular pacing site (QLV) relative to actual site of latest activation - implications for response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. Heart Rhythm 2023:S1547-5271(23)02176-8. [PMID: 37116633 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2023.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
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Non-invasive three-dimensional electrical activation mapping to predict cardiac resynchronization therapy response: site of latest left ventricular activation relative to pacing site. Europace 2023; 25:1458-1466. [PMID: 36857597 PMCID: PMC10105854 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euad041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Pacing remote from the latest electrically activated site (LEAS) in the left ventricle (LV) may diminish response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). We tested whether proximity of LV pacing site (LVPS) to LEAS, determined by non-invasive three-dimensional electrical activation mapping [electrocardiographic Imaging (ECGI)], increased likelihood of CRT response. METHODS AND RESULTS Consecutive CRT patients underwent ECGI and chest/heart computed tomography 6-24 months of post-implant. Latest electrically activated site and the distance to LVPS (dp) were assessed. Left ventricular end-systolic volume (LVESV) reduction of ≥15% at clinical follow-up defined response. Logistic regression probabilistically modelled non-response; variables included demographics, heart failure classification, left bundle branch block (LBBB), ischaemic heart disease (IHD), atrial fibrillation, QRS duration, baseline ejection fraction (EF) and LVESV, comorbidities, use of CRT optimization algorithm, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor(ACE)/angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB), beta-blocker, diuretics, and dp. Of 111 studied patients [64 ± 11 years, EF 28 ± 6%, implant duration 12 ± 5 months (mean ± SD), 98% had LBBB, 38% IHD], 67% responded at 10 ± 3 months post CRT-implant. Latest electrically activated sites were outside the mid-to-basal lateral segments in 35% of the patients. dp was 42 ± 23 mm [31 ± 14 mm for responders vs. 63 ± 24 mm non-responders (P < 0.001)]. Longer dp and the lack of use of CRT optimization algorithm were the only independent predictors of non-response [area under the curve (AUC) 0.906]. dp of 47 mm delineated responders and non-responders (AUC 0.931). CONCLUSION The distance between LV pacing site and latest electrical activation is a strong independent predictor for CRT response. Non-invasive electrical evaluation to characterize intrinsic activation and guide LV lead deployment may improve CRT efficacy.
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Respiratory disturbance index as a predictor of atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac544.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a risk factor for development of atrial fibrillation (AF). Recent pacemakers have specific algorithms for detecting of OSA based on impedance measurement.
Purpose
The aim was to determine the burden of AF in patients with high respiratory disturbance index (RDI). It was also intended to determine if the onset of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) reduced the AF burden.
Methods
Retrospective observational study carried out through the analysis of the patient records. It included patients with pacemakers evaluated in an outpatient clinic during the first 8 months of 2018. All had the RDI algorithm. AF burden was assessed according to automatic mode switch (AMS) duration. The percentage of nights with an RDI>20/h was analysed to assess the risk of OSA.
Results
108 patients were included (mean age=70.3±9.0 years; 56.5% men). The most prevalent indication for cardiac pacing was atrioventricular node dysfunction (59.3%). The average percentage of nights with an RDI>20/h was 44.2%. The average follow-up (FU) period was 4.1 years.
Of all cardiovascular risk factors, diabetes mellitus was the only one associated with a higher incidence of AF at FU (p=0.044).
Considering just the patients with an RDI >20/h in more than 20% of nights (RDI20%), male gender was associated with higher rate of major adverse cardiovascular events [(acute myocardial infarction, stroke, acute heart failure and death) (p=0.019)].
Considering patients with AF prior to pacemaker implantation (n=34), 76% of patients had an RDI >20/h in more than 20% of nights (mean of 58.1%). 23 of these patients had long standing persistent AF at the end of FU (vs 17 at the beginnig of FU).
Considering patients who developed AF after pacemaker implantation (n=24), 58% of patients had an RDI>20/h in more than 20% of nights (mean of 45.3%). Most patients had paroxismal AF (83%).
Patients with prior paroxysmal AF or those who developed AF during FU (n=37) had a higher burden of AF at the end of FU when they had RDI >20/h in more than 50% of nights (mean burden of 24.66% vs 14.69%, p=0.005).
There was no statistically significant correlation between the percentage of nights with RDI >20/h and the Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) value. Patients who underwent polysomnography (n=30) had a mean AHI of 16/h (which corresponds to moderately severe OSA). 63% of patients who were referred from the pacemaker consultation to pneumology and performed polysomnography started CPAP.
CPAP use was not associated with a statistically significant reduction in any endpoints or AF burden.
Conclusion
A high RDI was associated with onset of de novo AF and higher AF burden in patients with paroxysmal AF. Thus, there is a rationale for early diagnosis and treatment of OSAS to prevent and reduce AF progression.
In this study, CPAP was not shown to significantly reduce this endpoint, probably due to reduced polysomnography and CPAP treatment.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Late gadolinium enhancement is a strong predictor of life threatening arrhythmias in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy undergoing ICD implantation for primary prevention of sudden card. Europace 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euac053.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
The usefulness of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) for primary prevention of arrhythmic sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) has been questioned. Efforts to improve risk stratification have included scores such as the ‘MADIT-ICD benefit score’, and the use of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR).
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential usefulness of these two tools to assess the risk of life-threatening arrhythmias in patients with non-ischemic DCM undergoing ICD implantation for primary prevention of SCD.
Methods
We conducted a single-center retrospective study of consecutive patients who underwent contrast-enhanced CMR before ICD implantation for primary prevention of SCD. Patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy were used as reference. Patients with non-dilated cardiomyopathies were excluded.
The arrhythmic component of the MADIT-ICD benefit score (VT/VF score) was calculated for each patient, and considered high if ≥ 7, as recommended.
The primary endpoint was the occurrence of SCD or life-threatening arrhythmias (VF or VT >200 bpm). Follow-up was performed by device interrogation in all patients except those who suffered SCD.
Results
A total of 151 patients (93 ischemic, mean age 62±13 years, 75% male) with mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 27±8% were included. Overall, 72% (n=67) ischemic and 45% (n=26) non-ischemic patients had scores ≥ 7 and were considered high-risk. LGE was present in all patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, and in 76% (n=44) of patients with non-ischemic DCM.
During a median follow-up of 21 (8-38) months, 21 patients (13.9%, 11 ischemic and 10 non-ischemic) met the primary endpoint.
Overall, the event-free survival of non-ischemic patients was similar to that of ischemic patients (log rank p=0.269) – Fig 1A. In patients with non-ischemic DCM, there were 7 arrhythmic events (26.9%) in those with MADIT-ICD VT/VF scores ≥7, and 3 events (9.4%) in those with scores <7 (log rank p= 0.104) – Fig 1B.
In the same population, there were 10 arrhythmic events (23%) in patients with LGE, but no events in patients without LGE (log rank p=0.036) – Fig 1C.
LVEF was similar in patients with and without arrhythmic events (26±8% vs. 27±7%, p=0.717), and in those with and without LGE (26±7% vs. 28±9%, p=0.342).
Conclusion
The presence of LGE is a strong predictor of life threatening arrhythmias in patients in non-ischemic DCM undergoing ICD implantation for primary prevention, seemingly outperforming the clinical MADIT-ICD benefit score.
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Rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation admitted to outpatient clinic. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia encountered in clinical practice. Patients are often symptomatic leading to a reduction in quality of life. Recent studies suggests that early rhythm control therapy have a clinical benefit in patients with recently diagnosed AF.
Purpose
This study aims to evaluate outpatient with AF referred to an outpatient clinic to electrical Cardioversion. Besides that, the study aims to evaluate if outpatient referred from the emergency room had spontaneously reverted to sinus rhythm.
Material and Methods
Retrospective observational study carried out through the analysis of the clinical process. Clinical data were collected from AF patients evaluated in an outpatient clinic during the year of 2020. Statistical analysis was made using R software and RStudio.
Results
This study included 92 patients evaluated in an outpatient clinic and referred because paroxysmal, persistent and long standing AF to electrical cardioversion. Average age was 67.3 ± 10.1 years. 78 patients had atrial fibrillation and 14 patients had atrial flutter. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor (n=83; 79,3%), followed by dislipidemia (n=66; 71.7%), overweight (n=43; 46,7%), diabetes mellitus (n=27; 29.3%) and smoke (n=20; 21.7%). 15 patients had paroxysmal AF, 67 patients had persistent AF and 10 patients had long standing AF. CHA2DS2VASC median were 2,78 ± 1.66 and HASBLED median was 1,14 ± 0.94. The heart rate control were most frequently made with betablocker (n=78; 84.7%). 4 patients (4,3%) were medicated with digoxin and 3 patients with calcium channel blockers. 69 patients were forwarded from external consultant and 23 patients from the emergency room (ER). We verified that 12 patients (52,2%) were in sinus rhythm in admission of outpatient clinic and had spontaneously reversion to sinus rhythm. Mostly patients with paroxysmal AF were from the ER (80% of all patients, p<.001) and mostly patients with persistent and long standing AF were from external consultant (respectively 82% p<0.01 and 85% p<0,01). Symptoms improvement were evaluated by EHRA classification. Mostly patients had clinical improvement after electrical or spontaneously cardioversion (63%, p.0.02). The median EHRA score previous to CVE were "2" and after cardioversion were "1".
Conclusions
Risk factor control is the cornerstone of AF prevention. Control rhythm is important to improve clinical symptons related to AF. However, we can delay cardioversion in a recent acute episode in the emergency room. In our sample, it seems that AF with short natural story presents more in emergency room and the more chronic comes to our consultation.
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Synergetic effect of thickness and oxygen addition on the electrochemical behaviour of tantalum oxide coatings deposited by HiPIMS in DOMS mode. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Contrasting Effects of Local Environmental and Biogeographic Factors on the Composition and Structure of Bacterial Communities in Arid Monospecific Mangrove Soils. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0090321. [PMID: 34985338 PMCID: PMC8729789 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00903-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangrove forests are important biotic sinks of atmospheric CO2 and play an integral role in nutrient-cycling and decontamination of coastal waters, thereby mitigating climatic and anthropogenic stressors. These services are primarily regulated by the activity of the soil microbiome. To understand how environmental changes may affect this vital part of the ecosystem, it is key to understand the patterns that drive microbial community assembly in mangrove forest soils. High-throughput amplicon sequencing (16S rRNA) was applied on samples from arid Avicennia marina forests across different spatial scales from local to regional. Alongside conventional analyses of community ecology, microbial co-occurrence networks were assessed to investigate differences in composition and structure of the bacterial community. The bacterial community composition varied more strongly along an intertidal gradient within each mangrove forest, than between forests in different geographic regions (Australia/Saudi Arabia). In contrast, co-occurrence networks differed primarily between geographic regions, illustrating that the structure of the bacterial community is not necessarily linked to its composition. The local diversity in mangrove forest soils may have important implications for the quantification of biogeochemical processes and is important to consider when planning restoration activities. IMPORTANCE Mangrove ecosystems are increasingly being recognized for their potential to sequester atmospheric carbon, thereby mitigating the effects of anthropogenically driven greenhouse gas emissions. The bacterial community in the soils plays an important role in the breakdown and recycling of carbon and other nutrients. To assess and predict changes in carbon storage, it is important to understand how the bacterial community is shaped by its environment. Here, we compared the bacterial communities of mangrove forests on different spatial scales, from local within-forest to biogeographic comparisons. The bacterial community composition differed more between distinct intertidal zones of the same forest than between forests in distant geographic regions. The calculated network structure of theoretically interacting bacteria, however, differed most between the geographic regions. Our findings highlight the importance of local environmental factors in shaping the microbial soil community in mangroves and highlight a disconnect between community composition and structure in microbial soil assemblages.
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Predictors of pacemaker implantation after TAVI in a registry including self, balloon and mechanical expandable valves. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 38:225-235. [PMID: 34390445 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-021-02365-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The need for permanent pacemaker implantation (PPMI) is a burdensome complication of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The aim of our study was to evaluate different anatomical, clinical, electrocardiographic, and procedural variables associated with the development of conduction abnormalities after TAVI across the entire device spectrum. Single-center prospective cohort of consecutive patients who underwent TAVI since March 2017. Final cohort was studied to detect areas of calcium within aortic valve characterized by leaflet sector and region. Membranous septum (MS) length was assessed throughout a modified coronal view. Device selection and positioning were performed according to the operator criteria. Device selection and positioning were performed according to the operator criteria. From the 273 patients included, 57 underwent PPMI (20.8%). Univariate analysis determined right bundle branch block (RBBB), QRS duration, MS length and calcium within LVOT of non-coronary cuspid as independent predictors. After multivariable logistic regression, both RBBB (OR 6.138; 95% CI 1.23-30.73, P = 0.027) and MS length (OR 0.259; 95% CI 0.164-0.399, P < 0.005) emerged as statistically significant. As a model, they could predict PPMI in 88.7%, independently of which valve used. Youden index analysis yielded 7.69 mm as the optimal cut-off with a negative and positive predictive value of 94.7 and 71.9%, respectively. In our experience, both RBBB pattern and short membranous septum (< 8 mm) were strongly and independently associated with new permanent pacemaker implantation, regardless of the device type. Our findings suggest that this simple evolved measure of MS length may guide device selection and implantation technique and facilitate early discharge.
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How is COVID-19 affecting patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder? A longitudinal study on the initial phase of the pandemic in a Spanish cohort. Eur Psychiatry 2021; 64:e45. [PMID: 34100343 PMCID: PMC8280462 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.2214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on emotional health are evident, little is known about its impact on patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHODS One hundred and twenty-seven patients with OCD who attended a specialist OCD Clinic in Barcelona, Spain, were assessed by phone from April 27 to May 25, 2020, during the early phase of the pandemic, using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and a structured interview that collected clinical and sociodemographic information. Results were compared with those for 237 healthy controls from the same geographic area who completed an online survey. RESULTS Although 65.3% of the patients with OCD described a worsening of their symptoms, only 31.4% had Y-BOCS scores that increased >25%. The risk of getting infected by SARS-CoV2 was reported as a new obsession by 44.8%, but this only became the main obsessive concern in approximately 10% of the patients. Suicide-related thoughts were more frequent among the OCD cohort than among healthy controls. The presence of prepandemic depression, higher Y-BOCS scores, contamination/washing symptoms, and lower perceived social support all predicted a significantly increased risk of OCD worsening. CONCLUSIONS Most patients with OCD appear to be capable of coping with the emotional stress of the COVID-19 outbreak and its consequences during the initial phase of the pandemic. Nevertheless, the current crisis constitutes a risk factor for a significant worsening of symptoms and suicidal ideation. Action is needed to ensure effective and individualized follow-up care for patients with OCD in the COVID-19 era.
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Cognitive-behavioural therapy role in the prevention of psychosis. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9471075 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction About 30% of individuals in ultra-high risk (UHR) of psychosis develop overt psychosis within 3 years, and about 40% of those who don’t will keep experiencing ongoing attenuated psychotic symptoms and persistent functional disability. During this prodromal period, it’s possible to prevent the transition to a first-episode psychosis. Objectives To conduct a short review of literature on the role of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) in preventing psychosis in ultra-high risk patients. Methods We performed a literature search on PUBMED, using the query: “Cognitive Behavioral Therapy” [Mesh] AND “psychosis” AND “prevention”. We focused on data from systematic reviews, clinical trials and meta-analysis published on last 5 years, either in English or Portuguese. Results Some authors claim cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) as first-choice treatment in clients with ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis. CBT aims to normalize extraordinary experiences with education and to prevent delusional explanations. On a Japanese study, the total score of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) significantly improved on post-intervention and follow-up assessments, with large effect sizes observed. Teaching families to apply CBT with their offspring may bolster therapeutic gains made in time-limited treatment. CBT showed an 83% probability of being more effective and less costly than routine care. Conclusions Patients with UHR for psychosis can be treated successfully with CBT to postpone and prevent the transition to a first-episode psychosis. CBT for UHR has been included in the European guidelines and awaits dissemination and implementation in mental health services.
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Psychosocial rehabilitation for severe mental illness: A community project adjustable to the needs and resources of the population. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9476022 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Psychosocial rehabilitation is a challenge in a society with demands unsuitable for those with severe mental illness (SMI). The Mental Health Department of Matosinhos Local Health Unity (MHD-MLHU) has developed a solidarity project aiming to evaluate and elaborate individualized rehabilitative responses with people with SMI, including people from the community motivated for solidarity initiatives. Objectives To describe a psychosocial rehabilitation project focused on community integration of people with SMI, considering needs and resources of the population, and to present the individualized rehabilitation plans carried out for people with SMI. Methods In January 2019, we began the home evaluation of people with SMI monitored in the MHD-MLHU. To develop solidary based play-occupational groups, we interviewed people from the community and from the common mental pathology outpatient clinic willing to participate. Results We present the description and evaluation of the psychosocial responses developed by the project. These responses include recreational-occupational groups, tailored to interests of each person with SMI, and using the community support group built for the purpose. These responses promote face-to-face activities, and enhance the destigmatization of SMI. The constraints resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic led to the creation of digital responses aimed at people with SMI and the community in general. Conclusions This experience has revealed the great potential of rehabilitating the community context of people with SMI, rather than just contemplating pre-existing structured responses. The pandemic created specific challenges but made the initiative even more relevant for SMI people and for promoting the mental health of the general population.
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Post-traumatic stress disorder after first-episode psychosis. Eur Psychiatry 2021. [PMCID: PMC9475905 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionA psychotic episode may be sufficiently traumatic to induce symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which could impact outcomes in first-episode psychosis (FEP). Yet, post-traumatic stress disorder is often left untreated and undiagnosed in the presence of psychosis.ObjectivesTo conduct a short review of literature on the prevalence and impact of PTSD after FEP.MethodsWe performed a literature search on PUBMED, using the query: “Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic” [Mesh] AND “first episode” AND “psychosis”. We focused on data from systematic reviews, clinical trials and meta-analysis published on last 10 years, either in English or Portuguese.ResultsApproximately one in two people experience PTSD symptoms and one in three experience full PTSD, following a FEP. Prevalence may be higher in affective psychosis, inpatient samples and patients previously suffering from depression and anxiety. PTSD Symptom Scale – Self-Report (PSS-SR) can be a useful screening instrument, but there is no established evidence-based intervention for PTSD in people with FEP. Coercive intervention such as involuntary hospitalization, seclusion, restraint or being forced to take medication, as well as being around sick or anxious patients, can be upsetting and traumatizing.ConclusionsOur data showed high rates of psychosis-related PTSD. To prevent PTSD, conditions of hospitalization should be optimized and the use of coercive treatments should be limited. Subjects with recent-onset psychosis should be screened for PTSD symptoms. Evidence-based interventions to treat PTSD symptoms in the context of FEP are needed to address this burden and improve outcomes.
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MC3T3-E1 cell response to microporous tantalum oxide surfaces enriched with Ca, P and Mg. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 124:112008. [PMID: 33947579 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The formation of a porous oxide surface doped with osteoconductive elements, Ca, P and Mg, to enhance osseointegration, was achieved through micro arc oxidation. Micro arc oxidation parameters, such as electrolyte composition, concentration and applied voltage, were studied to understand their effect on the morphology and chemical composition of the samples surface. Considering the optimum atomic concentration reported in literature for each osteoconductive element, microporous Ta anodic oxide samples treated with calcium acetate (CaA) and β-glycerophosphate (β-GP) revealed that an increase of β-GP molarity in the electrolyte boosts Ca incorporation, as well as, increasing the porosity. In adding magnesium acetate (MgA) to the electrolyte, when composed by CaA + β-GP, both addition and variation of MgA did not affect the surface morphology along the samples, being incorporated into the oxide layer for 0.1 M. Finally, in vitro tests were carried out to study the biocompatibility of Ta, to verify the cytotoxicity of the samples and their behavior towards cells, by performing adhesion and differentiation tests with the MC3T3-E1 cell line. Cytotoxicity tests revealed that the samples were non-toxic. Despite none of the samples having been raised up through cell adhesion tests, cell differentiation revealed promising results for the Ta-CaP.
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Abstract
Abstract
Background
Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) has been linked to the presence and burden of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, it is still unclear whether this relationship is causal or simply a surrogate marker of other risk factors commonly associated with AF.
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between these factors and EAT, and to compare their performance in predicting AF recurrence after an ablation procedure.
Methods
We assessed 575 consecutive patients (mean age 61±11 years, 62% male) undergoing AF ablation preceded by cardiac CT in a high-volume ablation center. EAT was measured on cardiac CT using a modified simplified method. Patients were divided into 2 groups (above vs. below the median EAT volume). Cox regression was used to assess the relationship between epicardial fat, risk factors, and AF relapse.
Results
Patients with above-median EAT volume were older (p<0.001), more often male (OR 1.7, p=0.002), had higher body mass index, and higher prevalence of smoking, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia (p<0.05). Non-paroxysmal AF was also more common in those with above-median EAT volume. During a median follow-up of 18 months, 232 patients (40.3%) suffered AF recurrence. After adjustment for BMI and other univariate predictors of relapse, three variables emerged independently associated with time to AF recurrence: non-paroxysmal AF (HR 2.1, 95% CI: 1.5–2.7, p<0.001), indexed left atrial (LA) volume (HR 1.006 per mL/m2, 95% CI: 1.002–1.011, p<0.001), and indexed epicardial fat volume (HR 1.87 per mL/m2, 95% CI: 1.66–2.1, p<0.001). None of the classic cardiovascular risk factors were an independent predictor of AF recurrence (all p>0.10).
Conclusion
Classic cardiovascular risk factors are more prevalent in patients with higher amounts of epicardial fat. However, unlike these risk factors, EAT is a powerful predictor of AF recurrence after ablation. These findings suggest that EAT is not merely a surrogate marker, but an important participant in the pathophysiology of AF.
EAT, cvrf and AF burden
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Catheter ablation in atrial fibrillation: comorbidities and mortality from high-volume centers. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.0589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Catheter ablation (CA), has gained wider acceptance as an attractive option for treating symptomatic AF. Although traditionally seen as a safe procedure, there is limited and conflicting data on procedure-related early morbimortality, with new evidence suggesting early mortality may be as high as 0.5%-1%.
Purpose
We aimed to assess the rates of early and late morbimortality of post-atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation in high-volume centers.
Methods
Prospective registry of 2 high-volume ablation centers, comprising 3722 consecutive patients (mean age 61.1±11.2, 66.4% male, n=2471), who underwent AF ablation from 2005 to 2019. Early mortality was defined as death during initial admission or during the first 45 days after ablation. Median follow-up time was 5.4 years.
Results
Most patients were treated with radiofrequency (97%) while 3% were treated with cryoablation. Early mortality was 0.08% (n=3), with a median time from ablation to death of 22 days. Cumulative mortality at 3, 6 and 12 months was 0.08%, 0.16% and 0.19%, respectively. At 3 and 5 years, mortality remained low at 0.48% and 0.73%, respectively. Early mortality was higher among patients who had suffered procedural complications (fistula and stroke, p<0.001). Among the latter, pericardial effusion and tamponade were the most frequently found (0.6%, n=24), only 1 of which required emergent surgical drainage and myocardial repair. Early ischemic stroke occurred in 2 patients (0.1%). Other less frequent complications were atrio-esophageal fistula (0.1%, n=2), phrenic nerve palsy (0.1%, n=2), anoxic encephalopathy following cardiac arrest (0.03%, n=1) and pulmonary vein stenosis (0.03%, n=1).
Conclusion
Early mortality following ablation is very low (<0.1%), when performed by an experienced high-volume team. Severe complications are rare (<1%) and mostly amenable to treatment. Our findings reaffirm the overall safety of AF ablation.
AF catheter ablation morbimort
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Aortic stiffness and distensibility in elite athletes: impact of discipline and gender. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.3123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Aortic remodeling in athletes is variable among sports disciplines with more ascending aorta (Asc Ao) dilatation in endurance (EAs) as compared to power athletes (PAs). Nevertheless, the impact of this differential remodeling on the Asc Ao functional properties is not well established. The aim of this study was to assess the distensibility and stiffness of the ascending aorta in endurance and power elite athletes in order to evaluate if this aortic remodeling implies functional changes.
Methods
119 elite athletes (61 EA and 58 PA, 49% female sex, mean age: 18.7±7.1 years) underwent standardized pre-participation screening with 12 lead ECG, transthoracic echocardiography and maximum stress test. Asc Ao diameter was measured from parasternal long axis views in 2D echocardiography. The aortic distensibility index (ADi) was calculated as 2 × (systolic Asc Ao diameter − diastolic Asc Ao diameter) / (diastolic Asc Ao diameter) × (pulse pressure) (cm–2 dyn–1 10–6). Aortic stiffness (AS) index was defined as Ln (systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure) / (systolic Asc Ao diameter − diastolic Asc Ao diameter)/diastolic proximal Asc Ao diameter.
Results
Globally, EA presented larger AscAO, both in absolute and indexed values, than PA (28±3.0 vs 26±3.0cm, p<0.001 and 16.4±1.5 vs 15.7±1.9cm, p<0.05, while were no differences in AS or ADi) (Figure 1A). Nevertheless, ADi in male EAs was higher than in male PAs (ADi: 4.3±1.7 vs 3.2±1.3 cm2/dyn/10–6, p<0.05) and AS was lower (AS: 4.7±1.7 vs 6.3±3.8, P<0.005) (Figure 1B and 1C). Female athletes presented higher ADi (ADi: 4.7±1.9 vs 4.0±1.6 cm, p<0.05) and a trend towards lower AS (4.8±2.9 vs 5.1±2.6, p: 0.4) than male athletes. There were no differences in AS or ADi between female EAs and PAs.
Conclusion
Male EAs showed an increased aortic distensibility with lower stiffness as compared to that observed in male PAs. This difference was not observed in female EAs and PAs, potentially due to better baseline distensibility with less room for improvement with endurance training.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: None
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Role of Recombinant Parvalbumin Gad c 1 in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Fish Allergy. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2020; 30:340-345. [DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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The role of seagrass vegetation and local environmental conditions in shaping benthic bacterial and macroinvertebrate communities in a tropical coastal lagoon. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13550. [PMID: 32782295 PMCID: PMC7419567 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70318-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the influence of seagrass canopies on the benthic biodiversity of bacteria and macroinvertebrates in a Red Sea tropical lagoon. Changes in abundance, number of taxa and assemblage structure were analyzed in response to seagrass densities (low, SLD; high, SHD; seagrasses with algae, SA), and compared with unvegetated sediments. Biological and environmental variables were examined in these four habitats (hereafter called treatments), both in the underlaying sediments and overlaying waters, at three randomly picked locations in March 2017. Differences between treatments were more apparent in the benthic habitat than in the overlaying waters. The presence of vegetation (more than its cover) and changes in sedimentary features (grain size and metals) at local scales influenced the observed biological patterns, particularly for macroinvertebrates. Of note, the highest percentage of exclusive macroinvertebrate taxa (18% of the gamma diversity) was observed in the SHD treatment peaking in the SA for bacteria. Benthic macroinvertebrates and bacteria shared a generally low number of taxa across treatments and locations; approximately, 25% of the gamma diversity was shared among all treatments and locations for macrofauna, dropping to 11% for bacteria. Given the low overlap in the species distribution across the lagoon, sustaining the connectivity among heterogeneous soft sediment habitats appears to be essential for maintaining regional biodiversity. This study addresses a current scientific gap related to the relative contributions of vegetated and unvegetated habitats to biodiversity in tropical regions.
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Abstract
Abstract
Introduction Portugal currently has one of the most aging populations in Europe. Aging is usually associated with increased inactivity, decreased physical capacity and a higher incidence of disease, all of which leads to a reduction in functional changes and, consequently, loss of independence. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that this population maintains a satisfactory level of physical and mental skills, emotional well-being and especially independence to perform day-to-day activities, and, to that end, measures are needed to promote health and allow a better quality of life.
Objectives To verify if the physical fitness components are determinant for the health status of the elderly.
Methodology A cross-sectional study was carried out on non-institutionalized elderly. For data collection, a questionnaire with sociodemographic data, the SF-12 questionnaire, to assess health status (physical and mental component), and the Senior Fitness Test (strength of lower and upper limbs, agility / balance, flexibility of the lower and upper limbs and cardiorespiratory fitness) to assess functional physical fitness were conducted.
Results The sample is composed of 439 individuals, aged between 65 and 95 years old, mostly women. The set of physical fitness components: cardiorespiratory fitness, agility / balance, body mass index, lower and upper limb strength, explained by 35% of the variation in physical component from SF-12. The cardiorespiratory fitness and upper limb strength predict 9% of mental health status.
Conclusion Some physical fitness components determine elderly health status, especially the physical dimension. Thus, for the elderly population the training of these components of the physical fitness is recommended in order to improve their health status.
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Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators in Trials of Drug Therapy for Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015177. [PMID: 32290732 PMCID: PMC7428541 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction evolved since trials validated the use of implantable cardioverter–defibrillators (ICDs). We sought to evaluate the performance of ICDs in reducing mortality in the era of modern medical therapy by means of a systematic review and meta‐analysis of contemporary randomized clinical trials of drug therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. METHODS AND RESULTS We systematically identified randomized clinical trials that evaluated drug therapy in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction that reported mortality. Studies that enrolled <1000 patients, patients with left ventricular ejection fraction >40%, or patients in the acute phase of heart failure and study treatment with devices were excluded. We identified 8 randomized clinical trials, including 31 701 patients of whom 3631 (11.5%) had an ICD. ICDs were associated with a lower risk of all‐cause mortality (relative risk [RR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.78–0.94) and sudden cardiac death (RR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.40–0.61). Results were consistent among studies published before and after 2010. In meta‐regression analysis, the proportion of nonischemic etiology did not affect the associated benefit of ICD. CONCLUSIONS In our meta‐analysis of contemporary randomized trials of drug therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, the rate of ICD use was low and associated with a decreased risk in both all‐cause mortality and sudden cardiac death. This benefit was still present in trials with new medical therapy.
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Abstract
Introduction.First wave cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) focuses essentially on classical conditioning and operant learning and second wave on information processing. They are based on the premise that certain cognitions, emotions and physiological states lead to dysfunctional behaviour and so, by eliminating the first ones, changes in behaviour will take place. Third wave CBT appeared in an attempt to increase the effectiveness of first and second wave by emphasizing contextual and experiential change strategies.Objectives/Aims.To make a review on the actual state of the art of third wave CBT, focusing on MBSR (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction), MCBT (Mindfulness-based Cognitive Behavioural Therapy), DBT (Dialectical Behaviour Therapy), ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy) and CFT (Compassion Focused Therapy).Methods.Research on PubMed using the terms “third wave cognitive behavioural therapy”.Results.Methods and targets differ between MBSR, MCBT, DBT, ACT and CFT. Depression, anxiety and borderline personality disorders are some of those targets. However, a transdiagnostic approach is the hallmark of all third wave therapies: mental processes or emotions transversal to many psychiatric disorders such as shame, self-criticism, experiential avoidance or cognitive fusion are the main focus, emphasizing the context and human experience over any categorical diagnosis.Conclusions.Third wave cognitive behavioural therapy is an emerging approach born from the need to improve and complement first and second waves. Although very promising, it is still a recent approach and data to support its superiority over the conventional therapies is missing.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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P1922Ablation index-guided ablation versus second-generation cryoballoon for first pulmonary vein isolation in atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In a recent trial, cryoballoon (CB) ablation was non-inferior to radiofrequency ablation regarding effectiveness in atrial fibrillation (AF). Ablation index (AI) provides a more accurate estimation of ablation quality using three variables: power delivered with time, contact force and catheter stability. The additional benefit of AI-guided ablation versus CB ablation is unknown.
Objective
To compare AI-guided ablation and CB ablation for first pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with AF.
Methods
We assessed 141 patients (62±12 years old, 76 men and 126 paroxysmal AF) with drug refractory symptomatic AF submitted to AI-guided PVI or second-generation CB catheter. Endpoint was AF/AT/AFL recurrence after a 3-month blanking period with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Cox regression was used to assess the relationship between type of ablation and AF recurrence.
Results
Fifty-seven patients underwent AI-guided PVI and 84 patients underwent CB ablation. The baseline characteristics are described in table 1. Procedure duration was significantly higher in AI group (150 vs 111 min, P<0.001) although requiring significant less fluoroscopy time (5 min vs 20 min; P<0.001). There was a transient phrenic nerve palsy in CB group and a cardiac tamponade in AI group. During a mean follow-up of 10±3 months there were 23 recurrences (27%) in CB group vs 7 recurrences (12%) in AI group (log rank 0.042) (Fig B). When adjusted for CHA2DS2-VASc score, left atrium diameter (mm) and type of AF (Cox regression), there was lower arrhythmia recurrence in AI group (HR 0.42; 95% CI 0.18–0.99; p=0.047).
Table 1. Baseline characteristics
Conclusion
In this analysis, AI-guided ablation was associated with lower arrhythmia recurrence when compared with CB ablation. This hypothesis should be further evaluated in a prospective randomized trial.
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Neurohormonal modulation: The new paradigm of pharmacological treatment of heart failure. Rev Port Cardiol 2019; 38:175-185. [PMID: 31029493 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The current paradigm of medical therapy for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is triple neurohormonal blockade with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), a beta-blocker (BB) and a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA). However, three-year mortality remains over 30%. Stimulation of counter-regulatory systems in addition to neurohormonal blockade constitutes a new paradigm, termed neurohormonal modulation. Sacubitril/valsartan is the first element of this new strategy. PARADIGM-HF was the largest randomized clinical trial conducted in HFrEF. It included 8442 patients and compared the efficacy and safety of sacubitril/valsartan versus enalapril. The primary endpoint was the composite of cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization due to HF, which occurred in 914 (21.8%) patients receiving sacubitril/valsartan and in 1117 (26.5%) patients receiving enalapril (HR 0.8, 95% CI 0.73-0.87, p=0.0000002; NNT 21). Sacubitril/valsartan reduced both primary endpoint components, as well as sudden cardiac death, death due to worsening HF, and death from all causes. Patients on sacubitril/valsartan reported less frequent deterioration of HF and of quality of life, and discontinued study medication less frequently because of an adverse event. PARADIGM-HF demonstrated the superiority of sacubitril/valsartan over enalapril, with a 20% greater impact on cardiovascular mortality compared to ACEIs. Accordingly, in 2016, the European (ESC) and American (ACC/AHA/HFSA) cardiology societies simultaneously issued a class I recommendation for the replacement of ACEIs by sacubitril/valsartan in patients resembling PARADIGM-HF trial participants.
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A cardiac mass beyond symptomatic palpitations. Cardiovasc Pathol 2019; 39:1-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Neurohormonal modulation: The new paradigm of pharmacological treatment of heart failure. REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Prospective observational cohort study of the association between antiplatelet therapy, bleeding and thrombosis in patients with coronary stents undergoing noncardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 2019; 122:170-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Development of antimicrobial leather modified with Ag–TiO2 nanoparticles for footwear industry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.stmat.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Carcaça e componentes não carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento com caroço de algodão na dieta. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-9433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as características de carcaça e dos componentes não carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento, com diferentes proporções de caroço de algodão na dieta. Foram utilizados 45 cordeiros, machos, não castrados, da raça Ile de France. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por níveis de inclusão de caroço de algodão na matéria seca (MS) da dieta total (0%; 10%; 20%; 30% ou 40%), sendo a dieta composta por silagem de milho (Zea mays L.), grão de milho triturado (Zea mays L.), farelo de soja (Glycine max L.), caroço de algodão (Gossypium hirsutum L.), calcário calcítico e sal mineral, em proporção de volumoso:concentrado de 40:60. Os animais foram abatidos com peso de abate preestabelecido. O peso de carcaça quente e o peso de carcaça fria, bem como o índice de quebra ao resfriamento, o índice de compacidade, a conformação e o estado de engorduramento da carcaça, não foram influenciados (P>0,05) pelo nível de inclusão de caroço de algodão na dieta. As características de rendimento de carcaça quente e rendimento de carcaça fria diminuíram linearmente (P≤0,05) à medida que se incluiu caroço de algodão na dieta. Com relação à medida de espessura de gordura de cobertura, pode-se observar que houve comportamento quadrático crescente e, em relação à variável área de olho de lombo, o comportamento observado foi o linear decrescente. Quanto às proporções dos cortes comerciais da carcaça, o peso de perna diminuiu linearmente (P≤0,05) enquanto a porcentagem de perna foi influenciada de forma quadrática (P≤0,05) pela inclusão de caroço de algodão nas dietas. O trato gastrointestinal cheio e o conteúdo do trato gastrointestinal aumentam linearmente (P≤0,05) com o incremento do nível de inclusão de caroço de algodão na dieta. Algumas das características de carcaça e dos componentes não carcaça tiveram influência negativa da elevação do teor de fibra e de lipídios da dieta à medida que se incluiu caroço de algodão na dieta total.
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Coral reef degradation affects the potential for reef recovery after disturbance. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 142:48-58. [PMID: 30274715 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The loss of coral cover is often accompanied by an increase of benthic algae, a decline in biodiversity and habitat complexity. However, it remains unclear how surrounding communities influence the trajectories of re-colonization between pulse disturbance events. Over a 12-month field experiment in the central Red Sea, we examined how healthy (hard-coral dominated) and degraded (algae-dominated) reef areas influence recruitment and succession patterns of benthic reef foundation communities on bare substrates. Crustose coralline algae and other calcifiers were important colonizers in the healthy reef area, promoting the accumulation of inorganic carbon. Contrary, substrates in the degraded area were predominantly colonized by turf algae, lowering the accumulation of inorganic carbon by 178%. While coral larvae settlement similarly occurred in both habitats, degraded areas showed 50% fewer recruits. Our findings suggest that in degraded reefs the replenishment of adult coral populations is reduced due to recruitment inhibition through limited habitat complexity and grazing pressure, thereby restraining reef recovery.
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Evaluation of third treatment week as temporal window for assessing responsiveness on repeated FDG-PET-CT scans in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer patients. Phys Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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P1454Cardiotoxicity associated with cancer therapy: incidence and predictors in patients with breast cancer. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx502.p1454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Resíduo úmido de cervejaria na terminação de cordeiros em confinamento e seus efeitos sobre as características da carcaça e dos componentes não carcaça. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-8573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de níveis crescentes de substituição da silagem de sorgo por resíduo úmido de cervejaria sobre as características da carcaça e dos componentes não carcaça de cordeiros terminados em confinamento. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros machos, não castrados, oriundos de parto simples e mantidos em baias individuais. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por quatro níveis de substituição de silagem de sorgo por resíduo úmido de cervejaria, sendo: 0%; 33,5%; 66,5% e 100% de substituição. Utilizou-se uma relação volumoso:concentrado de 50:50, com base na matéria seca. O concentrado era constituído por milho desintegrado, farelo de soja e mistura mineral. As dietas eram isoproteicas, contendo 18,81% de proteína bruta. Os cordeiros foram abatidos quando atingiram o escore de condição corporal estabelecido em 3 (escala de 1 a 5). As características de carcaça analisadas não foram influenciadas significativamente (P>0,05) pela substituição de silagem de sorgo por resíduo úmido de cervejaria, sendo obtidos valores médios de 18,92kg para peso de carcaça quente, 18,22 kg para peso de carcaça fria, 47,03% para rendimento de carcaça quente, 45,29% para rendimento de carcaça fria e 3,41% para índice de quebra ao resfriamento. Quanto às proporções dos diferentes cortes comerciais avaliados, em relação ao peso de carcaça fria, foram verificados valores médios de 31,86% para perna, 18,12% para paleta, 39,46% para costilhar e 9,08% para pescoço. As proporções de diafragma, omaso cheio e omaso vazio, em relação ao peso vivo ao abate dos cordeiros, diminuíram linearmente (P≤0,05). As demais variáveis dos componentes não carcaça avaliadas não foram influenciadas (P>0,05) pelos níveis de resíduo úmido de cervejaria das dietas. Pode-se recomendar o uso de resíduo úmido de cervejaria como fonte exclusiva de alimento volumoso quando se utiliza uma relação volumoso:concentrado de 50:50, em base de matéria seca, para terminação de cordeiros em sistema de confinamento.
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EP-1684: Optimal window for assessing treatment responsiveness on repeated FDG-PET scans in NSCLC patients. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)32216-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
In this work, oxidation of carbon supported Zn nanostructures was studied to elucidate their utilization as oxygen scavenging materials activated by the relative humidity in the environment. Moisture-activated nano-scavengers were produced on carbon substrates using magnetron sputtering attaining nano-islands (nanoparticles), randomly distributed on the carbon surface, with arbitrary crystallographic orientations. They possess a Zn-ZnO core-shell structure, caused by surface passivation, which provides them with a self-assembled protective layer that prevents complete oxidation of nanoparticles prior to utilization. The oxidation rate is independent of the nanoparticle size and orientation, for particles between 5 and 18 nm. The oxidation kinetics are not in complete agreement with the Cabrera and Mott theory. When exposed to a high relative humidity environment, an acceleration in the oxidation process is observed, dissolving the Zn nanoparticles and forming a layer on the carbon, which facilitates the consumption of the Zn to form ZnO. These results support the idea of its potential use in applications where high RH environments are required, such as food packaging.
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Is metal contamination responsible for increasing aneuploidy levels in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 577:340-348. [PMID: 27817921 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study assessed the metal genotoxicity potential at chromosome-level in the bivalve Ruditapes philippinarum collected along different areas of the Tagus estuary. Higher levels of aneuploidy on gill cells were detected at the most sediment contaminated area both in May (31.7%) and October (36.0%) when compared to a less contaminated area over the same periods (20.3% and 29.0% respectively). Interestingly, metal bioaccumulation in gills was higher in the specimens collected at the least contaminated area with the exception of Pb. Indeed, the multivariate analysis revealed a stronger relation between aneuploidy and sediment contamination than between aneuploidy and the bioaccumulation of the metals. The temporal and spatial inconsistency found for the bioaccumulation of metals in R. philippinarum and the positive correlation between sediment contamination and aneuploidy at the most contaminated area suggest that these chromosome-level effects might be due to chronic metal contamination occurring in the Tagus estuary, rather than a direct result of the temporal variation of bioavailable contaminants. The vertical transmission phenomenon of bivalve aneuploidy levels may then be perpetuating those levels on clams from the most contaminated area. The present results shed light about the effect of metal toxicity at the chromosome-level in species inhabiting chronic contaminated areas and highlight the use of aneuploidy as an effective tool to identify persistent contamination in worldwide transitional waters.
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Consumo e desempenho de cordeiros e borregos alimentados com dietas de alto concentrado de milho ou sorgo. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-8856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar os consumos de matéria seca, nutrientes e desempenho na terminação de cordeiros e borregos submetidos a dietas de alto concentrado de grão de milho ou sorgo. Foram utilizados 32 animais, sendo 16 cordeiros (dente de leite) e 16 borregos (dois dentes) da raça Corriedale. As dietas eram constituídas de feno de aveia- branca (Avena sativa), grão de milho (Zea mays) ou de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), farelo de soja (Glycine Max), calcário calcítico, bicarbonato de sódio e monensina. Os cordeiros apresentaram superioridade (P≤0,05) quanto ao CMS (% do PV e g/kg PV0,75), ao CPB (kg/dia, % do PV e g/kg PV0,75), ao CEE (% do PV), ao CFDN e ao CFDA (% do PV e g/kg PV0,75), ao CNDT (% do PV), ao ganho de peso médio diário, à conformação in vivo e à conversão alimentar. Por outro lado, o CEE, o CCHT e o CCNE (kg/dia), o peso vivo inicial, o peso vivo final e o peso vivo ao abate foram superiores (P≤0,05) na categoria dos borregos. Em relação aos grãos avaliados, verificou-se maior (P≤0,05) CEE (kg/dia, % do PV e g/kg PV0,75) e menor (P≤0,05) CFDN (% do PV) e CFDA (kg/dia, % do PV e g/kg PV0,75) para os animais alimentados com dieta de alto concentrado à base de grão de milho em relação àqueles alimentados com grão de sorgo. Os cordeiros apresentam consumos relativos superiores aos borregos, porém sua resposta zootécnica é maior. O uso de dietas de alto concentrado de sorgo ou de milho proporcionou resultados semelhantes.
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Prospective Validation of a Prognostic Computed Tomography–Based Radiomic Signature in Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Retrospective evaluation of COX-2 expression, histological and clinical factors as prognostic indicators in dogs with renal cell carcinomas undergoing nephrectomy. Vet Comp Oncol 2016; 15:1280-1294. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Axial Multicentric Osteosarcoma in an English Cocker Spaniel. J Vet Intern Med 2016; 30:1720-1725. [PMID: 27519845 PMCID: PMC5032862 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.14555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Comportamento ingestivo e produtivo de cordeiros alimentados com resíduo úmido de cervejaria em substituição a silagem de sorgo. ARCHIVOS DE ZOOTECNIA 2016. [DOI: 10.21071/az.v65i250.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de níveis crescentes de substituição da silagem de sorgo por resíduo úmido de cervejaria (RUC) sobre o comportamento ingestivo de cordeiros terminados em confinamento. Foram utilizados 24 cordeiros machos, não castrados, da raça Suffolk, oriundos de parto simples e mantidos em baias individuais. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por quatro níveis de substituição de silagem de sorgo por resíduo úmido de cervejaria sendo: 0 %; 33,5 %; 66,5 % e 100 %. Utilizou-se uma relação volumoso: concentrado de 50:50, com base na matéria seca. O concentrado era constituído por milho desintegrado, farelo de soja e mistura mineral. As dietas eram isoprotéicas contendo 18,81 % de proteína bruta (PB). Os tempos despendidos com alimentação, ruminação e mastigação total diminuíram linearmente (p
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Plasmablastic lymphoma: an atypical cutaneous presentation of a rare entity. Dermatol Online J 2016. [DOI: 10.5070/d3225030944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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Plasmablastic lymphoma: an atypical cutaneous presentation of a rare entity. Dermatol Online J 2016; 22:13030/qt2x218828. [PMID: 27617520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmablastic lymphoma is a very rare B-cell lymphoma typically associated with immunosuppression: It occurs primarily in the oral cavity, although some cases were reported in other organs and tissues.To date, only 10 cases of primary cutaneous plasmablastic lymphoma have been described. Clinically, primary cutaneous plasmablastic lymphoma presents as non-specific cutaneous lesions (purple nodules, erythematous infiltrated plaques). In previously described cases, as in this case, histology and immunohistochemistry are required to make the diagnosis. Owing to the rarity of this entity, there is no established therapy, which makes its management an individualized, patient-based decision.
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Vernonanthura polyanthes leaves aqueous extract enhances doxorubicin genotoxicity in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster and presents no antifungal activity against Candida spp. BRAZ J BIOL 2016; 76:928-936. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.04615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Vernonanthura polyanthes (Spreng.) A.J. Vega & Dematt. (Asteraceae), known as “assa-peixe”, has been used in ethnomedicine for the treatment of various diseases such as bronchitis, pneumonia, hemoptysis, persistent cough, internal abscesses, gastric and kidney stone pain. Moreover, some studies demonstrated that species of Genus Vernonia present antifungal activity. Due to the biological relevance of this species, the aim of this study was to investigate the toxic, genotoxic, antigenotoxic and antifungal potential of V. polyanthes leaves aqueous extract in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster or against Candida spp. The aqueous extract of the plant showed no toxic, genotoxic and antigenotoxic activity in the experimental conditions tested using the wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART/wing). However, when the extract was associated with doxorubicin, used in this work as a positive control, the mutagenic potential of doxorubicin was enhanced, increasing the number of mutations in D. melanogaster somatic cells. In the other hand, no inhibitory activity against Candida spp. was observed for V. polyanthes leaves aqueous extract using agar-well diffusion assay. More studies are necessary to reveal the components present in the V. polyanthes leaves aqueous extract that could contribute to potentiate the doxorubicin genotoxicity.
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PO-0678: Do blood-biomarkers enhance clinical models for NSCLC patients treated with radical radiotherapy? Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)31928-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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MC3T3-E1 Cell Response to Ti1-xAgx and Ag-TiNx Electrodes Deposited on Piezoelectric Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Substrates for Sensor Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:4199-207. [PMID: 26840928 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b11922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In the sensors field, titanium based coatings are being used for the acquisition/application of electrical signals from/to piezoelectric materials. In this particular case, sensors are used to detect dynamic mechanical loads at early stages after intervention of problems associated with prostheses implantation. The aim of this work is to select an adequate electrode for sensor applications capable, in an initial stage to avoid bone cell adhesion, but at a long stage, permit osteointegration and osteoinduction. This work reports on the evaluation of osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells behavior in terms of proliferation, adhesion and long-term differentiation of two different systems used as sensor electrodes: Ti1-xAgx and Ag-TiNx deposited by d.c. and pulsed magnetron sputtering at room temperature on poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). The results indicated an improved effect of Ag-TiNx electrodes compared with Ti1-xAgx and TiN, in terms of diminished cell adhesion and proliferation at an initial cell culture stage. Nevertheless, when cell culture time is longer, cells grown onto Ag-TiNx electrodes are capable to proliferate and also differentiate at proper rates, indicating the suitability of this coating for sensor application in prostheses devices. Thus, the Ag-TiNx system was considered the most promising electrode for tissue engineering applications in the design of sensors for prostheses to detect dynamic mechanical loads.
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Avaliação da progênie de ovelhas Merino Australiano cruzadas com carneiro Dorper ou Southdown. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-7706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito do genótipo do carneiro (Dorper ou Southdown), do sexo e do tipo de parto sobre características de crescimento de 268 cordeiros filhos de ovelhas Merino Australiano. Até o desmame, todos os animais permaneceram sobre pastagem de trevo-vermelho (Trifolium pratense ), chicória (Cychorium intibus ), trevo-branco (Trifolium repens ), festuca (Festuca arundinacea ) e azevém (Lolium multiflorum ), com carga animal de 10 ovelhas com seus cordeiros/ha. A partir do desmame (29,95±4,94kg de peso vivo e 109,45±7,41 dias de idade), os cordeiros permaneceram sobre a mesma pastagem utilizada durante a lactação, sendo terminados posteriormente sobre um cultivo de soja (Glycine max) , com carga animal de 30 cordeiros/ha. Não foi verificado efeito do genótipo do carneiro (P>0,05) sobre nenhuma das variáveis analisadas. Por outro lado, do nascimento ao desmame e do desmame até o embarque dos cordeiros para abate, os machos (criptorquidas) apresentaram ganhos de peso diário superiores (241 e 212g/dia; 121 e 94g/dia, para machos e fêmeas, respectivamente; P≤0,001), o que proporcionou um peso vivo ao embarque 14,9% superior em relação às fêmeas (40,89 e 35,59kg, para machos e fêmeas, respectivamente; P≤0,001). Os cordeiros de parto simples apresentaram maiores (P≤0,001) pesos vivos e medidas corporais ao nascimento, bem como maior velocidade de crescimento até o desmame (239 e 214g/dia, parto simples e duplo, respectivamente; P≤0,001). Porém, após o desmame, os cordeiros de parto duplo apresentaram maior ganho de peso (98 e 117g/dia) (P≤0,05) e uma superioridade (P≤0,001) em quilogramas de cordeiros desmamados (26,80 e 49,61kg) ou embarcados (33,91 e 64,69kg) por ovelha parida. Independentemente do sexo e do tipo de parto, todos os cordeiros superaram as exigências de peso e condição corporal mínima requerida para comercialização de cordeiros pesados no Uruguai, na metade do tempo que em média ocorre com os genótipos tradicionais.
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Early variation of FDG-PET radiomics features in NSCLC is related to overall survival - the “delta radiomics” concept. Radiother Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(16)30042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Biodiversity patterns of plankton assemblages at the extremes of the Red Sea. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2016; 92:fiw002. [PMID: 26738552 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiw002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of microbial plankton has received limited attention in the main basin of the Red Sea. This study investigates changes in the community composition and structure of prokaryotes and eukaryotes at the extremes of the Red Sea along cross-shelf gradients and between the surface and deep chlorophyll maximum. Using molecular methods to target both the 16S and 18S rRNA genes, it was observed that the dominant prokaryotic classes were Acidimicrobiia, Alphaproteobacteria and Cyanobacteria, regardless of the region and depth. The eukaryotes Syndiniophyceae and Dinophyceae between them dominated in the north, with Bacillariophyceae and Mamiellophyceae more prominent in the southern region. Significant differences were observed for prokaryotes and eukaryotes for region, depth and distance from shore. Similarly, it was noticed that communities became less similar with increasing distance from the shore. Canonical correspondence analysis at the class level showed that Mamiellophyceae and Bacillariophyceae correlated with increased nutrients and chlorophyll a found in the southern region, which is influenced by the input of Gulf of Aden Intermediate Water.
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Fine-scale genetic structure patterns in two freshwater fish species, Geophagus brasiliensis (Osteichthyes, Cichlidae) and Astyanax altiparanae (Osteichthyes, Characidae) throughout a Neotropical stream. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2016; 15:gmr-15-gmr15048124. [DOI: 10.4238/gmr15048124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Genetic analysis of five sedentary fish species in middle Laranjinha River (upper Paraná River basin): A case study. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:18637-49. [PMID: 26782514 DOI: 10.4238/2015.december.28.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Most studies of diversity and genetic structure in neotropical fish have focused on commercial species from large rivers or their reservoirs. However, smaller tributaries have been identified as an important alternative migratory route, with independent pools of genetic diversity. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate genetic diversity and structure in five neotropical fish species from a region of Laranjinha River in the upper Paraná River basin. PCR-RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers were used to characterize around 40 individuals of each species distributed upstream and downstream of Corredeira Dam that interrupts the river. The descriptive index of genetic diversity (P = 30.5-82%; HE 0.122-0.312) showed that the populations have acceptable levels of genetic diversity. The values for Nei's genetic distance (DN min 0.0110 and max 0.0306) as well as the genetic structure index and the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA, ϕST min 0.0132 and max 0.0385) demonstrated low, but significant levels of genetic structure. Bayesian analysis of assignment found two k clusters, including several individuals with mixed ancestry for all populations from the five species analyzed. These findings along with historical data on rainfall and the low dimensions of the dam studied here support the hypothesis that periodic floods enable the transit of individuals between different localities mitigating the differentiation process between populations.
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