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Dabbagh R, Alsulimani A, Alshamrani S, Abuhaimed A, Alzaid W, Aldofyan M, Alqahtani S, Alsharqi A, Rawson R. Prescription opioid misuse in relation to addiction susceptibility among women at a Saudi university. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101764. [PMID: 37693733 PMCID: PMC10491761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The trends of prescription opioid misuse are understudied in Arab populations, let alone among university students. Additionally, little is known about the psychological traits that increase susceptibility for such behaviors in this region. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of prescription opioid misuse and its association with addiction susceptibility, as measured by the Substance Abuse Risk Profile Scale (SURPS). Methods We sampled university students from King Saud University's women's campus. Data on prescription opioid misuse, SURPS traits, and demographic characteristics were collected using an electronic self-administered survey. Results Lifetime prescription opioid misuse was 48.5%, while past-month misuse was 28.9%. On average, SURPS subscale scores for impulsivity (mean = 11.6; SD = 2.8) hopelessness (mean = 12.3; SD = 3.5), sensation seeking (mean = 16.4; SD = 3.8), and anxiety sensitivity (mean = 14.6; SD = 2.6). Anxiety sensitivity composite scores significantly differed between students reporting misuse and those who did not. Moreover, the odds for prescription opioid misuse increased by 7% for every 1 unit increase in anxiety sensitivity (AOR = 1.07; 95% CI = 1.00, 1.14), when controlling for other SURPS measures and student characteristics. Conclusion The prevalence of prescription opioid misuse in our study is higher than what is reported in global student populations. This may reflect unmonitored availability of controlled substances and unsupervised medical prescriptions. Additionally, high levels of anxiety sensitivity may be driving such misuse. Further surveillance of prescription drug misuse among university students and motivators for such behavior is needed for planning prevention and control interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufaidah Dabbagh
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Wejdan Alzaid
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Samar Alqahtani
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Richard Rawson
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Vermont Center on Behavior and Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
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Alsalim W, Alqahtani S, Omeish O, Momin H, Ghulam E, Vriz O, Kinsara A. Body Mass Index and its relation to patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvac060.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Objective
Obesity is frequently encountered in patients with acute coronary syndrome, but whether it is the cause of a detrimental effect on Troponin after acute coronary syndrome remains an area of research. We investigated the effects of the body mass index (BMI) in post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients, and see the difference in troponin and other parameters between normal and over-weight patients.
Design
A retrospective cohort study.
Place
Ministry of National Guard health affair, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Duration of the study
One year from January 2019-January 2020
Methodology
Data were extracted from the electronic medical files of patients hospitalized due to acute ST-elevation MI to examine the association between BMI and MI. The patients (n=63) were categorized in BMI groups (kg/m2) using the baseline measurements, to assess the independent factors associated with a patient with a high BMI who had a MI.
Results
In total, 61 post-MI patients with a mean age of 56.9 ± 11.2 years were included in the study. The average BMI was 28.5 ± 6.5 kg/m2. Just more than a third (37.4%, n=23) were in the normal BMI category, 19 (31.2%) overweight, and 19 (31.2%) obese/morbid obesity. The left ventricle mass was 93.74 ± 32.69 gram and LVEF 44.02% ± 10.02. There was a significant difference in the mean level of troponin and mean heart rate between the BMI groups (normal vs. overweight groups). A fair correlation between BMI and LV mass was noted. No statistically significant relation could be linked to high body mass with total cholesterol, LDL, or AST/ALT.
Conclusions
In this pilot study, the group with a high BMI had a statistically significant lower troponin level and higher mean heart rate. Such data need to be considered when assessing a patient’s risk. In addition, obese persons with a MI had a higher LV mass
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Affiliation(s)
- W Alsalim
- King Salman Armed Forces Hospital – North Western Region, Academic Affairs , Tabuk , Saudi Arabia
| | - S Alqahtani
- Prince Khalid Bin Sultan Cardiac Center, Cardiology , Khamis Mushait , Saudi Arabia
| | - O Omeish
- Prince Mohammed Bin Nasser Hospital in Jizan , Jazan , Saudi Arabia
| | - H Momin
- King Abdulaziz University Hospital , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - E Ghulam
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, COM-WR. King Abdullah international research , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
| | - O Vriz
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - A Kinsara
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, COM-WR. King Abdullah international research , Jeddah , Saudi Arabia
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Almudaires A, Alqahtani S, Siebring V, Mcdonald C, Lee S, Sey M, Yan B. A106 THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF COMPLEX COLONIC POLYPS: A POPULATION BASED STUDY OF THE SOUTHWEST ONTARIO COLONOSCOPY COHORT. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2022. [PMCID: PMC8859337 DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwab049.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Complex polyps are well recognized amongst endoscopists, but its definition varies in the literature and from one endoscopist to another. Despite its clinical importance, the epidemiology of complex polyps is poorly understood. Aims To assess the epidemiology of complex polyps on a population level, and in FIT positive individuals. Methods The Southwest Ontario Colonoscopy cohort is a prospective database consisting of all adult patients undergoing colonoscopy at 21 hospitals in Southwest Ontario. Data is collected through a mandatory quality assurance form completed by the endoscopist after each procedure. All outpatient adult colonoscopies for any indication were included. Incomplete colonoscopies, repeat procedures, and poor preparation colonoscopies were excluded. A manual review of the colonoscopy report was completed in cases where the description of the complex polyps was missing. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of complex polyps in the cohort, and in FIT positive patients. Secondary outcomes include endoscopic description of the complex polyp, rates of attempted and complete resection, and identification of possible associations between patient and endoscopist factors with complex polyp detection and removal. A multivariate logistic regression model was generated to assess for factors associated with complex polyp detection. Results From February 2019 to December 2020, 43389 colonoscopies were included, of which 1459 were for FIT positive patients. 2294 patients had a complex polyp, with a prevalence of 5.3% [95% CI 0.051–0.055], while the prevalence was 17.1% [95% CI 0.152–0.191] in the FIT positive cohort. Compared to average-risk patients undergoing colonoscopy for colon cancer screening, the odds ratio (OR) of detecting a complex polyp in individuals with positive FIT was 4.12 [95% CI 3.42–4.98, p<0.0001]. Among complex polyps,1324 (57.7%) were described as large (>2cm) and 1290 (56%) described as sessile. Of 2294 patients with complex polyps,1992 (86.8%) [95% CI 0.855–0.882] underwent a removal attempt, with successful complete removal as determined by the endoscopist achieved in 1905 patients (95.6%) [95% CI 0.947–0.965]. Compared to gastroenterologists, general surgeons and internists were less likely to detect a complex polyp, OR 0.67 [95% CI 0.61–0.73, p <0.0001] and 0.36 [95% CI 0.20–0.67, p=0.0011] respectively. Trainee involvement was associated with higher rate of complex polyp detection, OR 1.20 [95% CI 1.07–1.35, p=0.0022]. Females were less likely to have a complex polyp compared to males, OR 0.71 [95% CI 0.65–0.77, p<0.0001]. Conclusions Complex polyps are more prevalent than previously reported in the literature, with a high prevalence among the FIT positive population compared to other indications of colonoscopy. Funding Agencies None
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Affiliation(s)
- A Almudaires
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - S Alqahtani
- Department of Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - V Siebring
- Southwest Regional Cancer Program, London, ON, Canada
| | - C Mcdonald
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
| | - S Lee
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - M Sey
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - B Yan
- Department of Medicine, Western University, London, ON, Canada
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Dabbagh R, Aldofyan M, Alzaid W, Alsulimani A, Alshamrani S, Alqahtani S, Abuhaimed A. Prescription and over-the-counter drug misuse among female students at a Saudi university. Journal of Substance Use 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2020.1856210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rufaidah Dabbagh
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Wejdan Alzaid
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Samar Alqahtani
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alqahtani S, Wales P, Muise A, Avitzur Y. A138 A NEW ACTG2 VARIANT MUTATION CAUSING CHRONIC INTESTINAL PSEUDO OBSTRUCTION. J Can Assoc Gastroenterol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jcag/gwz006.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Alqahtani
- Gastroentrology and Hepatology, The Hospital For Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - P Wales
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Muise
- Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Y Avitzur
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Mohamed MA, El-Dib M, Alqahtani S, Alyami K, Ibrahim AN, Aly H. Patent ductus arteriosus in premature infants: to treat or not to treat? J Perinatol 2017; 37:652-657. [PMID: 28206995 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2017.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Closing patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a widely accepted approach in the management of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Our objective is to test the hypothesis that conservative management (no treatment) of PDA will not affect survival without chronic lung diseases (CLD). STUDY DESIGN This retrospective study utilizes a prospectively collected database to compare two cohorts of VLBW infants. Infants in the first group (2001 to 2009) had their PDA treated with pharmacological and if necessary with surgical ligation. PDA in the second group (2010 to 2014) was not treated with medical or surgical intervention. The primary outcome was survival without oxygen requirement at 36 weeks. Pulmonary and non-pulmonary morbidities were also compared. Logistic regression analyses were performed to control for confounders. RESULTS This study included 643 VLBW infants, of them 415 infants in the Treat group and 228 in the No-Treat group. The rate of survival without CLD did not differ between Treat and No-Treat groups (78.4% vs 83.9%, respectively; adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.72, confidence interval (CI): 0.92 to 3.23, P=0.09). Mortality declined in No-Treat group (15.2% vs 10.5%, aOR=0.51, CI: 0.25 to 0.99, P=0.049), but the two groups did not differ in the incidence of CLD among survivors (5.8% vs 5.0%,=P0.47). Pulmonary complications and non-pulmonary morbidities did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS Conservative management (no treatment) of PDA may not compromise survival without CLD and is not associated with increased morbidities in VLBW infants. Prospective physiological studies are needed to determine the sector of VLBW infants, if any, who could benefit from PDA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Mohamed
- Division of Newborn Services, The George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - M El-Dib
- Department of Newborn Services, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Alqahtani
- Division of Newborn Services, The George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - K Alyami
- Division of Newborn Services, The George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - A N Ibrahim
- Division of Newborn Services, The George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
| | - H Aly
- Division of Newborn Services, The George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
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Alqahtani S, Ozaras R, Isakov V, Wyles D, Ferenci P, Feld JJ, Calinas F, Gschwantler M, Gane E, Crawford D, Jacobson IM, Dumas EO, King M, Sulkowski M. Time to viral suppression is not related to achievement of SVR12 in HCV GT1-infected patients treated with ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir and dasabuvir with or without ribavirin. J Viral Hepat 2017; 24:280-286. [PMID: 27935166 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
High rates of sustained virologic response at post-treatment week 12 (SVR12) were achieved in six phase 3 trials of ombitasvir (OBV, an NS5A inhibitor), paritaprevir (an NS3/4A protease inhibitor) co-dosed with ritonavir (PTV/r) + dasabuvir (DSV, an NS5B RNA polymerase inhibitor) (ie, 3D regimen) with or without ribavirin (RBV) in adults with chronic genotype (GT) 1 hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We assessed whether time to first HCV RNA value below the lower limit of quantification in patients with and without cirrhosis was associated with achievement of SVR12. Data were analysed from GT1-infected patients enrolled in six phase 3 studies of 3D ± RBV. Patients who experienced non-virologic failure were excluded from analysis. HCV RNA was determined using the Roche COBAS TaqMan RT-PCR assay (lower limit of quantification, LLOQ =25 IU/mL). SVR12 was analysed by week of first HCV RNA suppression, defined as HCV RNA <LLOQ. The analysis included a total of 2027 patients. Cumulative proportions of subjects with initial HCV RNA suppression <LLOQ at weeks 1, 2, 4 and 6 were 31%, 81%, 99% and 100%, respectively. SVR12 was achieved by 98%, 97%, 98% and 92% of patients with initial suppression at Weeks 1, 2, 4 and 6, respectively (P=.42, trend test). Across six phase 3 trials of 3D ± RBV, most patients achieved viral suppression by week 2. Time to viral suppression was not associated with subsequent achievement of SVR12, suggesting that on-treatment virologic monitoring may not be necessary with this regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alqahtani
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R Ozaras
- Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - V Isakov
- Institute of Nutrition, Moscow, Russia
| | - D Wyles
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
| | - P Ferenci
- Universitaetsklinik fuer Innere Medizin III, Vienna, Austria
| | - J J Feld
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - F Calinas
- Central Lisbon Hospital Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - E Gane
- Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - D Crawford
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - M King
- AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M Sulkowski
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Wood J, Kim D, Alqahtani S, Smith S, Barrett D, Grundy R, Rahman R. P01.04 Adult and paediatric GBM cells show differential phenotypic responses to external lipoprotein deprivation. Neuro Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/now188.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Qosa H, Mohamed LA, Alqahtani S, Abuasal BS, Hill RA, Kaddoumi A. Transporters as Drug Targets in Neurological Diseases. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2016; 100:441-453. [PMID: 27447939 DOI: 10.1002/cpt.435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Membrane transport proteins have central physiological function in maintaining cerebral homeostasis. These transporters are expressed in almost all cerebral cells in which they regulate the movement of a wide range of solutes, including endogenous substrates, xenobiotic, and therapeutic drugs. Altered activity/expression of central nervous system (CNS) transporters has been implicated in the onset and progression of multiple neurological diseases. Neurological diseases are heterogeneous diseases that involve complex pathological alterations with only a few treatment options; therefore, there is a great need for the development of novel therapeutic treatments. To that end, transporters have emerged recently to be promising therapeutic targets to halt or slow the course of neurological diseases. The objective of this review is to discuss implications of transporters in neurological diseases and summarize available evidence for targeting transporters as decent therapeutic approach in the treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Qosa
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA
| | - L A Mohamed
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA
| | - S Alqahtani
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA
| | - B S Abuasal
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA
| | - R A Hill
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA
| | - A Kaddoumi
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana, USA.
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Traxer O, Thomas A, Alqahtani S, Gil Diez De Medina S. 700 EVALUATION OF URETERAL WALL INJURIES FOLLOWING URETERAL ACCESS SHEATH INSERTION DURING RETROGRADE INTRA-RENAL SURGERY (RIRS). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(11)60688-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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