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Sarvi S, Patel H, Li J, Dodd GL, Creedon H, Muir M, Ward J, Dawson JC, Lee M, Culley J, Salter DM, Sims AH, Byron A, Brunton VG. Kindlin-1 Promotes Pulmonary Breast Cancer Metastasis. Cancer Res 2018; 78:1484-1496. [PMID: 29330144 PMCID: PMC5857359 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In breast cancer, increased expression of the cytoskeletal adaptor protein Kindlin-1 has been linked to increased risks of lung metastasis, but the functional basis is unknown. Here, we show that in a mouse model of polyomavirus middle T antigen-induced mammary tumorigenesis, loss of Kindlin-1 reduced early pulmonary arrest and later development of lung metastasis. This phenotype relied on the ability of Kindlin-1 to bind and activate β integrin heterodimers. Kindlin-1 loss reduced α4 integrin-mediated adhesion of mammary tumor cells to the adhesion molecule VCAM-1 on endothelial cells. Treating mice with an anti-VCAM-1 blocking antibody prevented early pulmonary arrest. Kindlin-1 loss also resulted in reduced secretion of several factors linked to metastatic spread, including the lung metastasis regulator tenascin-C, showing that Kindlin-1 regulated metastatic dissemination by an additional mechanism in the tumor microenvironment. Overall, our results show that Kindlin-1 contributes functionally to early pulmonary metastasis of breast cancer.Significance: These findings provide a mechanistic proof in mice that Kindin-1, an integrin-binding adaptor protein, is a critical mediator of early lung metastasis of breast cancer. Cancer Res; 78(6); 1484-96. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Sarvi
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Hitesh Patel
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jun Li
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Georgia L Dodd
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Creedon
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Morwenna Muir
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jocelyn Ward
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - John C Dawson
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Lee
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jayne Culley
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Donald M Salter
- Centre for Genomic & Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew H Sims
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Byron
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie G Brunton
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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Harlow CR, Wu X, van Deemter M, Gardiner F, Poland C, Green R, Sarvi S, Brown P, Kadler KE, Lu Y, Mason JI, Critchley HOD, Hillier SG. Targeting lysyl oxidase reduces peritoneal fibrosis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183013. [PMID: 28800626 PMCID: PMC5553776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Abdominal surgery and disease cause persistent abdominal adhesions, pelvic pain, infertility and occasionally, bowel obstruction. Current treatments are ineffective and the aetiology is unclear, although excessive collagen deposition is a consistent feature. Lysyl oxidase (Lox) is a key enzyme required for crosslinking and deposition of insoluble collagen, so we investigated whether targeting Lox might be an approach to reduce abdominal adhesions. Methods Female C57Bl/6 mice were treated intraperitoneally with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (NT) to induce fibrosis, together with chemical (ß-aminoproprionitrile–BAPN) or miRNA Lox inhibitors, progesterone or dexamethasone. Fibrotic lesions on the diaphragm, and expression of fibrosis-related genes in abdominal wall peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMC) were measured. Effects of BAPN and dexamethasone on collagen fibre alignment were observed by TEM. Isolated PMC were cultured with interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) and progesterone to determine effects on Lox mRNA in vitro. Results NT-induced fibrosis and collagen deposition on the diaphragm was ameliorated by BAPN, Lox miRNA, or steroids. BAPN and dexamethasone disrupted collagen fibres. NT increased PMC Lox, Col1a1, Col3a1 and Bmp1 mRNA, which was inhibited by steroids. Progesterone significantly inhibited IL-1α induced Lox expression by PMC in vitro. Conclusion Our results provide proof-of-concept that targeting peritoneal Lox could be an effective approach in ameliorating fibrosis and adhesion development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Harlow
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Xuan Wu
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Marielle van Deemter
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Gardiner
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Poland
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Green
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sana Sarvi
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela Brown
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Karl E. Kadler
- University of Manchester, Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yinhui Lu
- University of Manchester, Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, Michael Smith Building, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - J. Ian Mason
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary O. D. Critchley
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen G. Hillier
- MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Reproductive Health, Edinburgh Medical School, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Ahmadpour E, Sarvi S, Hashemi Soteh MB, Sharif M, Rahimi MT, Valadan R, Tehrani M, Khalilian A, Montazeri M, Daryani A. Evaluation of the immune response in BALB/c mice induced by a novel DNA vaccine expressing GRA14 againstToxoplasma gondii. Parasite Immunol 2017; 39. [DOI: 10.1111/pim.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Ahmadpour
- Immunology Research Center; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences; Tabriz Iran
| | - S. Sarvi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center; Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences; Sari Iran
| | - M. B. Hashemi Soteh
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center; Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences; Sari Iran
| | - M. Sharif
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center; Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences; Sari Iran
| | - M. T. Rahimi
- School of Medicine; Shahroud University of Medical Sciences; Shahroud Iran
| | - R. Valadan
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center; Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences; Sari Iran
| | - M. Tehrani
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center; Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences; Sari Iran
| | - A. Khalilian
- Biostatistics Department; Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences; Sari Iran
| | - M. Montazeri
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center; Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences; Sari Iran
| | - A. Daryani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center; Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences; Sari Iran
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Rahimi M, Sarvi S, Daryani A, Sharif M, Ahmadpour E, Shokri A, Mizani A. Application of multiplex PCR for the simultaneous detection of Taenia spp. from domestic dogs in the north of Iran. Helminthologia 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/helmin-2016-0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
The family Taeniidae is of great importance in the medical and veterinary fields, particularly in the tropics and subtropics. Identification of eggs of different Taenia spp. in the final host by morphological examination is difficult owing to their similarity. Therefore, a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting a mitochondrial gene was applied to identify morphologically indistinguishable eggs. Fecal samples from 100 domestic dogs, from the Mazandaran province in Iran, were examined using the flotation/sieving method followed by multiplex PCR. Taeniid eggs were observed in 24 % samples, of which 12 %, 10 %, and 2 % were infected with Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia spp., and both E. granulosus and Taenia spp., respectively. E. multilocularis was absent in these samples. The prevalence of E. granulosus in the examined domestic dogs as definitive hosts in north of Iran was high (14 %). Therefore, people living in this region of Iran are in danger of acquiring hydatid cyst, which is a serious public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Sarvi
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - A. Daryani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - M. Sharif
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - E. Ahmadpour
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - A. Shokri
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - A. Mizani
- Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
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Ren X, Wu X, Hillier SG, Fegan KS, Critchley HOD, Mason JI, Sarvi S, Harlow CR. Local estrogen metabolism in epithelial ovarian cancer suggests novel targets for therapy. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 150:54-63. [PMID: 25817828 PMCID: PMC4429663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) accounts for about 90% of malignant ovarian tumors, and estrogen is often implicated in disease progression. We therefore compared the potential for gating of estrogen action via pre-receptor metabolism in normal human ovarian surface epithelium (OSE), EOC and selected EOC cell lines (SKOV3 and PEO1). Steroid sulphatase (STS), estrogen sulfotransferase (EST), 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases 2 (17BHSD2) and 5 (17BHSD5) mRNAs, proteins and enzymatic activities were all detectable in primary cell cultures of OSE and EOC, whereas aromatase and 17BHSD1 expression was negligible. qRT-PCR assay on total mRNA revealed significantly higher EST mRNA expression in OSE compared to EOC (P<0.05). Radioenzymatic measurements confirmed reduced sulfoconjugation (neutralization) of free estrogen in EOC relative to OSE. OSE cells were more effective at converting free [(3)H]-E1 to [(3)H]-E1S or [(3)H]-E2S, while EOC cell lines mainly converted [(3)H]-E1 to [(3)H]-E2 with minimal formation of [(3)H]-E1S or [(3)H]-E2S. IL1α treatment suppressed EST (P<0.01) and 17BHSD2 (P<0.001) mRNA levels in OSE and stimulated STS mRNA levels (P<0.001) in cancer (SKOV3) cells. These results show that estrogen is differentially metabolized in OSE and EOC cells, with E2 'activation' from conjugated estrogen predominating in EOC. Inflammatory cytokines may further augment the local production of E2 by stimulating STS and suppressing EST. We conclude that local estrogen metabolism may be a target for EOC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Ren
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Xuan Wu
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen G Hillier
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - K Scott Fegan
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary O D Critchley
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - J Ian Mason
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Sana Sarvi
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher R Harlow
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Edinburgh, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, Scotland EH16 4TJ, United Kingdom.
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Sarvi S, Mackinnon AC, Avlonitis N, Bradley M, Rintoul RC, Rassl DM, Wang W, Forbes SJ, Gregory CD, Sethi T. CD133+ cancer stem-like cells in small cell lung cancer are highly tumorigenic and chemoresistant but sensitive to a novel neuropeptide antagonist. Cancer Res 2014; 74:1554-65. [PMID: 24436149 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-1541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with poor survival rates, with initial responses nearly invariably followed by rapid recurrence of therapy-resistant disease. Drug resistance in SCLC may be attributable to the persistence of a subpopulation of cancer stem-like cells (CSC) that exhibit multiple drug resistance. In this study, we characterized the expression of CD133, one important marker of CSC in other cancers, in SCLC cancer cells. CD133 expression correlated with chemoresistance and increased tumorigenicity in vitro and in vivo accompanied by increased expression of Akt/PKB and Bcl-2. CD133 expression was increased in mouse and human SCLC after chemotherapy, an observation confirmed in clinical specimens isolated longitudinally from a patient receiving chemotherapy. We discovered in CD133(+) SCLC cells, an increased expression of the mitogenic neuropeptide receptors for gastrin-releasing peptide and arginine vasopressin. Notably, these cells exhibited increased sensitivity to the growth inhibitory and proapoptotic effects of a novel broad spectrum neuropeptide antagonist (related to SP-G), which has completed a phase I clinical trial for SCLC. Our results offer evidence that this agent can preferentially target chemoresistant CD133(+) cells with CSC character in SCLC, emphasizing its potential utility for improving therapy in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Sarvi
- Authors' Affiliations: MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The Queen's Medical Research Institute; MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine; School of Chemistry, Joseph Black Building, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh; Department of Thoracic Oncology, Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge; and Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Kings College Denmark Hill Campus, London, United Kingdom
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Sarvi S, Dalimi A, Ghafarifar F. Molecular Cloning and Expression of EG95 Gene of Iranian Isolates of Echinococcus granulosus. Iran J Parasitol 2012; 7:1-7. [PMID: 23109939 PMCID: PMC3469181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Echinococcosis or hydatidosis is a chronic, zoonotic worldwide infection that occurs by the larval stages of taeniid cestodes of the genus Echinococcus. Iran is known as endemic region for this infection in the world. Vaccination has been considered as a good prevention method for this disease. Recombinant vaccines containing EG95 protein, against E. granulosus, has shown a high degree of protection against E. granulosus infection. In this study EG95 gene was extracted from Iranian isolates of E. granulosus and then cloned and expressed in expression vector. METHODS Protoscoleces were collected from sheep hydatid cysts. Then DNA and RNA were extracted from protoscoleces, and amplified by PCR and RT-PCR with specific primer. Afterward the purified RT-PCR products were successfully ligated into pTZ57R/T plasmid vector. The pcDNA3 plasmid was used as expression vector and Eg95 fragment sub cloned into this plasmid. The pcEG95 plasmid was digested by restriction enzymes to confirm cloning of this gene in pcDNA3 plasmid. In last step, the subcloned gene was expressed in CHO as eukaryotic cell. RESULTS EG95 fragment successfully was subcloned in pcDNA3 and EG95 protein was expressed by eukaryotic cell. The recombinant EG95 protein was confirmed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. CONCLUSION Recombinant plasmid of pcEG95 was constructed successfully and express of recombinant EG95 protein was confirmed.
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