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Griffiths S, Robertson M, Kaviraj C, Davies F, McDevitt M, Richards A, Russell M. Reflections on co-production: Developing a dementia research funding application with a diverse lived experience group. Dementia (London) 2024:14713012241231916. [PMID: 38321765 DOI: 10.1177/14713012241231916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Introduction and Background to Study: Published work on dementia research co-production focuses on developing health and social care interventions. Less is written about practicalities and experiences of co-producing dementia research funding applications. UK public contributors are typically from white middle class populations. Widening involvement is essential for co-produced research that meaningfully addresses health inequalities. We provide an example of a diverse lived experience group co-producing a dementia research funding application. An NIHR Dementia Career Development award funded PPIE work to develop a broad research idea. A culturally diverse lived experience group consisted of one person living with dementia, four carers and one former carer. Virtual group sessions drew on each person's unique experiences and expertise. Two co-leads collaborated closely with the researcher. Methods: We reflected on our experiences of diversity and inclusion within the group, based on a coproduced set of questions to guide reflection. Written records of reflections were captured and refined by the group. Results: We structured reflections into three overarching categories: Diversity and inclusion, Benefits to group members and Challenges. The group felt empowered, heard, and like equals in the process. Members valued diversity and mutual learning within the group. Involvement of co-leads was seen as democratic and inclusive. Some members felt Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) discussions were challenging. Discussion and Conclusions: We share valuable lessons learned in the process, including suggestions for facilitating EDI discussions, building in funding for time and travel to support relationship building, and ensuring PPIE remuneration processes are accessible and streamlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Griffiths
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University College London, UK
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2
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Norbury C, Griffiths S, Goh SKY, Boyes M, Hill E, Viding E. Developmental language disorder: a hidden condition. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2024:S2352-4642(24)00016-6. [PMID: 38330984 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(24)00016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Courtenay Norbury
- Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London WC1H 0DS, UK; Department of Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Sarah Griffiths
- Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London WC1H 0DS, UK
| | - Shaun Kok Yew Goh
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Mark Boyes
- Curtin Enable Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Hill
- Curtin Enable Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Essi Viding
- Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London WC1H 0DS, UK
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Di Lorito C, Griffiths S, Poole M, Kaviraj C, Robertson M, Cutler N, Wilcock J. Patient and public involvement and engagement with underserved communities in dementia research: Reporting on a partnership to co-design a website for postdiagnostic dementia support. Health Expect 2024; 27:e13992. [PMID: 38376077 PMCID: PMC10877991 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the advancements in Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement (PPIE), the voices of traditionally underserved groups are still poorly reflected in dementia research. This study aimed to report on a PPIE partnership between academics and members of the public from underserved communities to co-design Forward with Dementia-Social Care, a resource and information website supporting people receiving a dementia diagnosis. METHODS The PPIE partnership was set up in four stages: 1-identifying communities that have been under-represented from PPIE in dementia research; 2-recruiting PPIE partners from these communities; 3-supporting PPIE partners to become confident to undertake their research roles and 4-undertaking research co-design activities in an equitable fashion. RESULTS To address under-representation from PPIE in dementia research we recruited seven PPIE partners from Black, Asian and other minority ethnic groups; lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer+ communities; remote/rural area; religious minorities and partners living with rare forms of dementia. The partners met regularly throughout the project to oversee new sections for the study website, refine existing content and promote the website within their communities. CONCLUSION Strategies can be used to successfully recruit and involve PPIE partners from underserved communities in co-design activities. These include networking with community leaders, developing terms of reference, setting out 'rules of engagement', and investing adequate resources and time for accessible and equitable involvement. These efforts facilitate the co-design of research outputs that reflect the diversity and complexity of UK contemporary society. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION This study received support from seven members of the public with lived experience of dementia from communities that have been traditionally underserved in dementia research. These seven members of the public undertook the role of partners in the study. They all equally contributed to the study design, recruitment of participants, development and revision of topic guides for the interviews and development of the website. Three of these partners were also co-authors of this paper. On top of the activities shared with the other partners, they contributed to write independently of the academic team the section in this paper titled 'Partners' experiences, benefits and challenges of the partnership'. Further, they provided input in other sections of the paper on a par with the other (academic) co-authors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Di Lorito
- Research Department of Primary Care and Population HealthCentre for Ageing Population StudiesUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Sarah Griffiths
- Research Department of Primary Care and Population HealthCentre for Ageing Population StudiesUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Marie Poole
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Population Health Sciences InstituteNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUK
| | - Chandrika Kaviraj
- Research Department of Primary Care and Population HealthCentre for Ageing Population StudiesUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Martin Robertson
- Research Department of Primary Care and Population HealthCentre for Ageing Population StudiesUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Neil Cutler
- Research Department of Primary Care and Population HealthCentre for Ageing Population StudiesUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Jane Wilcock
- Research Department of Primary Care and Population HealthCentre for Ageing Population StudiesUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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Randa MB, McGarry J, Griffiths S, Hinsliff-Smith K. Corrigendum: Accessing care services after sexual violence: A systematic review exploring experiences of women in South Africa. Curationis 2024; 47:2576. [PMID: 38299503 PMCID: PMC10839154 DOI: 10.4102/curationis.v47i1.2576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
No abstract available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moreoagae B Randa
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria.
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Qiu Y, Griffiths S, Norbury C, Taylor JSH. Inhibitory control predicts growth in irregular word reading: Evidence from a large-scale longitudinal study. Dev Psychol 2023; 59:2367-2378. [PMID: 37650814 PMCID: PMC10680298 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Irregular words cannot be read correctly by decoding letters into sounds using the most common letter-sound mapping relations. They are difficult to read and learn. Cognitive models of word reading and development as well as empirical data suggest that inhibitory control might be important for irregular word reading and its development. The current study tested this in a U.K. population-based cohort (N = 529, 52.74% male, 90.17% White) in which children were assessed longitudinally at ages 5-6, 7-8, and 10-11 years. Results showed that inhibitory control did not predict concurrent irregular word reading after controlling for the covariates of decoding and vocabulary. However, inhibitory control made a small but significant contribution to growth in irregular word reading across time points, over and above vocabulary (decoding did not predict growth). Therefore, children might need to inhibit the predisposition to overgeneralize the most common relations between letters and sounds when learning to read irregular words. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Qiu
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London
| | - Sarah Griffiths
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London
| | - Courtenay Norbury
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London
| | - J S H Taylor
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London
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Randa MB, McGarry J, Griffiths S, Hinsliff-Smith K. Accessing care services after sexual violence: A systematic review exploring experiences of women in South Africa. Curationis 2023; 46:e1-e10. [PMID: 37916664 PMCID: PMC10623477 DOI: 10.4102/curationis.v46i1.2405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual violence against women is a global phenomenon. This is a particular issue in South Africa, where it is estimated with evidence provided that up to half of all women will encounter gender-based and/or sexual violence from a partner during their lifetime. Therefore, evidence suggests that addressing the needs of women in South Africa is a priority. OBJECTIVE This qualitative review aimed to explore the experiences of women seeking care from first contact healthcare facilities in South Africa after sexual violence and during follow-up care. METHOD This systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA checklist for systematic reviews and in line with a published protocol (PROSPERO, CRD42019121580) and searched six relevant databases in 2022. A total of 299 sources were screened, with 5 forming the overall synthesis. RESULTS Two synthesised themes of women's experiences emerged at the time of reporting and during attendance at follow-up healthcare services. CONCLUSION South Africa does have an established legal framework for prosecution and can provide support for survivors of sexual violence through established Thuthuzela Care Centres (TCCs). The review identifies that survivors' needs are not clearly established when seeking medical attention initially nor identifying support or appropriate pathways.Contribution: The review has the potential to characterise the support available for women, the type and nature of sexual violence and interventions that may be used by healthcare professionals to support survivors especially during follow-up care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moreoagae B Randa
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Care Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria.
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7
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Wheat H, Weston L, Oh TM, Morgan-Trimmer S, Ingram W, Griffiths S, Sheaff R, Clarkson P, Medina-Lara A, Musicha C, Spicer S, Ukoumunne O, Allgar V, Creanor S, Clark M, Quinn C, Gude A, McCabe R, Batool S, Smith L, Richards D, Shafi H, Warwick B, Lasrado R, Hussain B, Jones H, Dalkin S, Bate A, Sherriff I, Robinson L, Byng R. Longitudinal realist evaluation of the Dementia PersonAlised Care Team (D-PACT) intervention: protocol. BJGP Open 2023; 7:BJGPO.2023.0019. [PMID: 37160337 PMCID: PMC10646200 DOI: 10.3399/bjgpo.2023.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different dementia support roles exist but evidence is lacking on which aspects are best, for whom, and in what circumstances, and on their associated costs and benefits. Phase 1 of the Dementia PersonAlised Care Team programme (D-PACT) developed a post-diagnostic primary care-based intervention for people with dementia and their carers and assessed the feasibility of a trial. AIM Phase 2 of the programme aims to 1) refine the programme theory on how, when, and for whom the intervention works; and 2) evaluate its value and impact. DESIGN & SETTING A realist longitudinal mixed-methods evaluation will be conducted in urban, rural, and coastal areas across South West and North West England where low-income or ethnic minority populations (for example, South Asian) are represented. Design was informed by patient, public, and professional stakeholder input and phase 1 findings. METHOD High-volume qualitative and quantitative data will be collected longitudinally from people with dementia, carers, and practitioners. Analyses will comprise the following: 1) realist longitudinal case studies; 2) conversation analysis of recorded interactions; 3) statistical analyses of outcome and experience questionnaires; 4a) health economic analysis examining costs of delivery; and 4b) realist economic analysis of high-cost events and 'near misses'. All findings will be synthesised using a joint display table, evidence appraisal tool, triangulation, and stakeholder co-analysis. CONCLUSION The realist evaluation will describe how, why, and for whom the intervention does or does not lead to change over time. It will also demonstrate how a non-randomised design can be more appropriate for complex interventions with similar questions or populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Wheat
- Community and Primary Care Research Group, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Lauren Weston
- Community and Primary Care Research Group, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Tomasina M Oh
- Community and Primary Care Research Group, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | | | - Wendy Ingram
- Peninsula Clinical Trials Unit, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Sarah Griffiths
- Centre for Ageing Population Studies, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Paul Clarkson
- Social Care and Society, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Stuart Spicer
- Community and Primary Care Research Group, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Obioha Ukoumunne
- NIHR ARC South West Peninsula, Department of Health and Community Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Victoria Allgar
- Peninsula Clinical Trials Unit, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Siobhan Creanor
- Exeter Clinical Trials Unit, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Michael Clark
- Care Policy and Evaluation Centre, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Cath Quinn
- Community and Primary Care Research Group, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Alex Gude
- Community and Primary Care Research Group, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Rose McCabe
- School of Health and Psychological Sciences, University of London, London, UK
| | - Saqba Batool
- Social Care and Society, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Lorna Smith
- Community and Primary Care Research Group, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Debra Richards
- Community and Primary Care Research Group, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Hannah Shafi
- Social Care and Society, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Bethany Warwick
- Social Care and Society, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Reena Lasrado
- Social Care and Society, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Basharat Hussain
- Community and Primary Care Research Group, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Hannah Jones
- Community and Primary Care Research Group, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Sonia Dalkin
- Faculty of Health and Life Science, Northumbria University, London, UK
| | - Angela Bate
- Faculty of Health and Life Science, Northumbria University, London, UK
| | - Ian Sherriff
- Community and Primary Care Research Group, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Louise Robinson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Richard Byng
- Community and Primary Care Research Group, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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Griffiths S, Spencer E, Wilcock J, Bamford C, Wheatley A, Brunskill G, D'Andrea F, Walters KR, Lago N, O'Keeffe A, Hunter R, Tuijt R, Harrison Dening K, Banerjee S, Manthorpe J, Allan L, Robinson L, Rait G. Protocol for the feasibility and implementation study of a model of best practice in primary care led postdiagnostic dementia care: PriDem. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e070868. [PMID: 37597869 PMCID: PMC10441044 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Care is often inadequate and poorly integrated after a dementia diagnosis. Research and policy highlight the unaffordability and unsustainability of specialist-led support, and instead suggest a task-shared model, led by primary care. This study is part of the PriDem primary care led postdiagnostic dementia care research programme and will assess delivery of an evidence-informed, primary care based, person-centred intervention. The intervention involves Clinical Dementia Leads (CDLs) working in primary care to develop effective dementia care systems that build workforce capacity and support teams to deliver tailored support to people living with dementia and their carers. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This is a 15-month mixed-methods feasibility and implementation study, situated in four National Health Service (NHS) primary care networks in England. The primary outcome is adoption of personalised care planning by participating general practices, assessed through a patient records audit. Feasibility outcomes include recruitment and retention; appropriateness and acceptability of outcome measures; acceptability, feasibility and fidelity of intervention components. People living with dementia (n=80) and carers (n=66) will be recruited through participating general practices and will complete standardised measures of health and well-being. Participant service use data will be extracted from electronic medical records. A process evaluation will explore implementation barriers and facilitators through methods including semistructured interviews with people living with dementia, carers and professionals; observation of CDL engagement with practice staff; and a practice fidelity log. Process evaluation data will be analysed qualitatively using codebook thematic analysis, and quantitatively using descriptive statistics. Economic analysis will determine intervention cost-effectiveness. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has received favourable ethical opinion from Wales REC4. NHS Confidentiality Advisory Group support allows researchers preconsent access to patient data. Results will inform intervention adaptations and a future large-scale evaluation. Dissemination through peer-review journals, engagement with policy-makers and conferences will inform recommendations for dementia services commissioning. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN11677384.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Griffiths
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - Emily Spencer
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - Jane Wilcock
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - Claire Bamford
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alison Wheatley
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Greta Brunskill
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Federica D'Andrea
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, UCL, London, UK
| | - Kate R Walters
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, UCL, London, UK
| | | | - Aidan O'Keeffe
- Mathematical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Rachael Hunter
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, UCL, London, UK
| | | | | | - Sube Banerjee
- Office of Vice Chancellor, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Jill Manthorpe
- Health & Social Care Workforce Research Unit, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Louise Robinson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Greta Rait
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, UCL, London, UK
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Di Paolo C, Gazzotti S, Griffiths S, Plantin de Hugues T, Martins JP, Le Tonqueze Y, Manfreo B, Friconneau JP, Giancarli L, Josseaume F, Quinn E, Peruzzini M, Kharoua C. Early design validation on the Vacuum Vessel ports sealing interface installation and removal with Virtual Reality in ITER TBM port cells. Fusion Engineering and Design 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
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10
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Manrique K, Raphael K, Griffiths S, Miano T, Kalman L, Oyster M, Xie D, Clausen E, Shah P, Lama V, Dhillon G, Snyder L, Cantu E, Diamond J, Christie J, Shashaty M. Preoperative Plasma SuPAR Levels are Associated with AKI after Lung Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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11
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Bamal R, Alnobani O, Bastouros E, Nolan G, Morris E, Griffiths S, Bell D. Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) for Flexor Tendon Repairs as Change in Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Cohort Study With Outcomes. Cureus 2023; 15:e36728. [PMID: 37123769 PMCID: PMC10131134 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic forced many changes. In our unit, there was a significant shift from traditional anesthesia (TA) which included general or regional anesthesia, to Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) for the treatment of flexor tendon injuries. Zones I and II injuries have always been a challenge. The primary aim of this study is to compare the 12-week range of motion (ROM) flexor tendon repair outcomes between the TA group and wide-awake (WA) group patients. The secondary aim is to compare the complications and the follow-up rate between the two groups. METHODS All patients who underwent a primary finger flexor tendon repair in zone I or II without tendon graft for closed avulsions or open lacerations between April 2020 and March 2021 were included in the study. Electronic medical records were reviewed to record demographics, follow-up, ROM outcomes and complications. RESULTS Forty-four patients with 49 injured fingers were in the WA group, and 24 patients with 37 injured fingers were in the TA group. A complete follow-up with 12-week ROM outcomes was available for 15 patients with 16 injured fingers in the WA group and nine patients with 13 injured fingers in the TA group. Excellent to good outcomes in the WA group were reported in 56% of the cases versus 31% in the TA group, although the difference was not statistically significant. There were similar complications in both groups, with an overall rupture rate of 11.6%, a tenolysis rate of 3.5% and a reoperation rate of 9.3%. Complete 12-week follow-up was completed by 41% of patients overall after taking tendon ruptures into account. CONCLUSIONS This is one of the first studies comparing zones I and II flexor tendon ROM outcomes between WA anesthesia and TA. Overall, there was a trend toward superior ROM outcomes in the WA group, with similar complication rates in both groups. The difference between ROM outcomes was not statistically significant and the small sample size undermined the strength of the study. To provide stronger evidence, better-designed prospective studies are suggested that would compare WA techniques with TA techniques.
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Saul J, Griffiths S, Norbury CF. Prevalence and functional impact of social (pragmatic) communication disorders. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 64:376-387. [PMID: 36114685 PMCID: PMC10087005 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate the Children's Communication Checklist-2 (CCC-2) for measuring social-pragmatic communication deficits and to ascertain their prevalence and functional impact in a community sample. METHODS We used parent and teacher responses to the CCC-2 to approximate inclusion (poor social-pragmatic skills) and exclusion (poor structural language skills or autistic symptomatology) criteria for social (pragmatic) communication disorder (SPCD). We tested the prevalence of social-pragmatic deficits in a population-based sample of children (n = 386) aged 5-6 years old using CCC-2 algorithms. We also investigated the academic and behavioural profiles of children with broadly defined limitations in social-pragmatic competence on the CCC-2. RESULTS Regardless of the diagnostic algorithm used, the resulting prevalence rates for social-pragmatic deficits indicated that very few children had isolated social-communication difficulties (0-1.3%). However, a larger proportion of children (range: 6.1-10.5%) had social-pragmatic skills outside the expected range alongside structural language difficulties and/or autism spectrum symptoms, and this profile was associated with a range of adverse academic and behavioural outcomes. CONCLUSIONS A considerable proportion of children in the early years of primary school has social-pragmatic deficits that interfere with behaviour and scholastic activity; however, these rarely occur in isolation. Exclusionary criteria that include structural language may lead to underidentification of individuals with social-pragmatic deficits that may benefit from tailored support and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo Saul
- University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Courtenay Frazier Norbury
- University College London, London, UK.,Department of Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Rosenberg A, Walker J, Griffiths S, Jenkins R. Plain language summaries: Enabling increased diversity, equity, inclusion and accessibility in scholarly publishing. Learned Publishing 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/leap.1524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanne Walker
- Publishing Department Becaris Publishing Ltd. Royston UK
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Kraidi M, Wilkinson I, Bandyopadhay S, Griffiths S. 1290 CAN P1NP LEVELS INFLUENCE MANAGEMENT PLANNING FOR PATIENTS WITH A FRAGILITY HIP FRACTURE RECEIVING ANTI-RESORPTIVE MEDICATIONS? Age Ageing 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac322.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Procollagen-N-terminal-peptide (P1NP) is a bone formation marker. Bisphosphonates lead to a reduction in P1NP levels and levels are significantly elevated shortly after fracture. In older patients taking bisphosphonates who have had a further osteoporotic fracture there is a lack of evidence to guide ongoing osteoporotic management.
Objectives
To assess if measuring P1NP in patients receiving Bisphosphonates treatment who develop neck of femur fractures helps guide further management in regards to long term bone protection treatment.
Method
Retrospective descriptive cohort study of P1NP levels for the patients who presented with NOF# (>60yrs) and who were taking anti-resorptive medications. Cases were discussed in our complex bone health MDM and patient specific plans made accordingly.
Results
60 patients were identified between March 2017 and Sept 2021 had P1NP tested (2.6 % of the 2,303 total fractures in this time). Mean age 83 years (F:M – 54:6 / # type - IC:EC – 34:26). Overall: 17 (28%) patients had significantly elevated PINP with identifiable reasons. 39 (65%) patients had supressed P1NP levels (< 35mcg/L) and 5(7 %) between 36-39 mcg/L. Of those with supressed P1NP: Patients taking treatment >5 years (n=9) – Treatment stopped for 6 patients, 2 changed treatment following DXA and 1 continued. On treatment 3-5 years (n=8) – 5 continued with treatment, 1 had further ix and 2 treatments changed On treatment 1-3 years (n=17) – 14 continued treatment, 2 treatments stopped, 1 treatment changed On treatment <1 year (n=16) – all continued the same treatment
Conclusion
The measurement of P1NP has been helpful in making patient centred decisions in this cohort. It has added to the detailed discussions in the hip fracture bone health MDM and for 23% of patients with supressed bone turnover contributed to a change in management. Most changes occurred in those patients taking treatment for more than 5 years where the evidence of bone turnover suppression gives confidence to stop or change treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kraidi
- Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust
| | | | | | - S Griffiths
- East Surrey Hospital; Medicine for the Elderly
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15
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Bamford C, Wilcock J, Brunskill G, Wheatley A, Harrison Dening K, Manthorpe J, Allan L, Banerjee S, Booi L, Griffiths S, Rait G, Walters K, Robinson L. Improving primary care based post-diagnostic support for people living with dementia and carers: Developing a complex intervention using the Theory of Change. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283818. [PMID: 37134099 PMCID: PMC10155958 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The need to improve support following a diagnosis of dementia is widely recognised, but it is unclear how this can best be achieved within UK health and social care systems. A task-shared and task-shifted approach has been recommended, but there is limited guidance on how to achieve this in practice. As part of a programme of research, we developed an intervention to enhance the role of primary care in post-diagnostic care and support for people living with dementia and carers. METHODS We used the Theory of Change to develop a complex intervention informed by initial literature reviews and qualitative work. The intervention was developed through an iterative series of workshops, meetings and task groups with a range of stakeholders, including the multidisciplinary project team, people living with dementia and carers, service managers, frontline practitioners, and commissioners. RESULTS 142 participants contributed to intervention development through face-to-face or virtual meetings. The intervention comprises three complementary strands of work focusing on: developing systems, delivering tailored care and support, and building capacity and capability. Clinical dementia leads, based in primary care networks, will facilitate the intervention providing tailored expertise and support. CONCLUSION The Theory of Change proved useful in providing structure and engaging stakeholders. The process was challenging, took longer and was less participative than intended due to restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. We will next conduct a feasibility and implementation study to explore whether the intervention can be successfully delivered within primary care. If successful, the intervention offers practical strategies for delivering a task-shared and task-shifted approach to post-diagnostic support that could be adapted for similar health and social care contexts internationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Bamford
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Wilcock
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Greta Brunskill
- Voluntary Organisations Network North East, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Wheatley
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jill Manthorpe
- NIHR Policy Research Unit in Health and Social Care Workforce, The Policy Institute at King's, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Allan
- South Cloisters, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Sube Banerjee
- Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Booi
- Centre for Dementia Research, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Griffiths
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Greta Rait
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Walters
- Research Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Robinson
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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16
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Slavny-Cross R, Allison C, Griffiths S, Baron-Cohen S. Are autistic people disadvantaged by the criminal justice system? A case comparison. Autism 2022:13623613221140284. [PMID: 36544404 PMCID: PMC10291366 DOI: 10.1177/13623613221140284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Most autistic people will never experience being arrested or charged with a crime, however for those who do tend to be less satisfied with the way they were treated. The purpose of this study was to find out if autistic people are being disadvantaged by the criminal justice system if they are arrested. Previous research has shown that autistic people may have difficulties communicating with the police. This study builds on this knowledge by uncovering why autistic people may not feel able to communicate with the police and whether the police made any adjustments to help them. This study also measures the impact of being involved with the criminal justice system on autistic people's mental health, such as stress, meltdowns and shutdowns. The results show that autistic people were not always given the support they felt they needed. For example, not all autistic people had an appropriate adult with them at the police station who could help to make sure they understood what was happening around them. Autistic people were also more likely to feel less able to cope with the stress and more likely to suffer meltdowns and shutdowns because of their involvement with the criminal justice system. We hope this study will help police officers and lawyers to better support autistic people if they become involved with the criminal justice system.
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17
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Blake K, Portingale J, Giles S, Griffiths S, Krug I. Dating app usage and motivations for dating app usage are associated with increased disordered eating. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:186. [PMID: 36443873 PMCID: PMC9706906 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00693-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The centrality of physical appearance in dating app environments may constitute an appearance-related pressure that increases the likelihood of body dissatisfaction (BD) and disordered eating (DE), thus exacerbating the relationship between DE-predictive traits and DE itself. Although dating app use has been linked to BD and DE, prior research has also neglected the role of individuals' dating app use motivations and relevant traits in eating pathology. To address these gaps, the current study investigated whether dating app usage moderated the effects of appearance-based rejection sensitivity, fear of negative evaluation, emotion dysregulation, and perceived social rank on DE. We also examined the unique effects of individuals' dating app use motivations on DE. Participants (N = 690) completed baseline measures of demographic and trait variables including dating app usage. DE was positively associated with female gender, higher body mass index, a history of eating disorder (ED) diagnosis, appearance-based rejection sensitivity, and emotion dysregulation. There was a small, positive association between dating app usage and DE, indicating that dating app users were more likely to report DE symptoms, appearance-based rejection sensitivity, and emotion dysregulation. No investigated predictor was moderated by dating app usage, but four of the six measured motivations for using dating apps (love, self-worth, ease of communication, and thrill of excitement motivations) were associated with DE among the dating app user sample (casual sex and trendiness motivations were not). Given that DE behaviours can lead to EDs, the present findings suggest that lifetime dating app usage may increase socio-cultural appearance pressures that confer risk for DE.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Blake
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Redomond Barry Builiding, Level 7, Room 707, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.,School of Biological, Earth, and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - J Portingale
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Redomond Barry Builiding, Level 7, Room 707, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - S Giles
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Redomond Barry Builiding, Level 7, Room 707, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - S Griffiths
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Redomond Barry Builiding, Level 7, Room 707, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - I Krug
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Redomond Barry Builiding, Level 7, Room 707, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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18
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Griffiths S, Kievit RA, Norbury C. Mutualistic coupling of vocabulary and non-verbal reasoning in children with and without language disorder. Dev Sci 2022; 25:e13208. [PMID: 34862694 PMCID: PMC9132040 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mutualism is a developmental theory that posits positive reciprocal relationships between distinct cognitive abilities during development. It predicts that abilities such as language and reasoning will influence each other's rates of growth. This may explain why children with Language Disorders also tend to have lower than average non-verbal cognitive abilities, as poor language would limit the rate of growth of other cognitive skills. The current study tests whether language and non-verbal reasoning show mutualistic coupling in children with and without language disorder using three waves of data from a longitudinal cohort study that over-sampled children with poor language at school entry (N = 501, 7-13 years). Bivariate Latent Change Score models were used to determine whether early receptive vocabulary predicted change in non-verbal reasoning and vice-versa. Models that included mutualistic coupling parameters between vocabulary and non-verbal reasoning showed superior fit to models without these parameters, replicating previous findings. Specifically, children with higher initial language abilities showed greater growth in non-verbal ability and vice versa. Multi-group models suggested that coupling between language and non-verbal reasoning was equally strong in children with language disorder and those without. This indicates that language has downstream effects on other cognitive abilities, challenging the existence of selective language impairments. Future intervention studies should test whether improving language skills in children with language disorder has positive impacts on other cognitive abilities (and vice versa), and low non-verbal IQ should not be a barrier to accessing such intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Griffiths
- Psychology and Language ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Rogier A. Kievit
- Cognitive Neuroscience DepartmentDonders Institute for BrainCognition and BehaviorRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Courtenay Norbury
- Psychology and Language ScienceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
- Department of Special Needs EducationUniversity of OsloOsloNorway
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19
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Manrique K, Griffiths S, Miano T, Kalman L, Oyster M, Xie D, Clausen E, Shah P, Lama V, Dhillon G, Snyder L, Cantu E, Diamond J, Christie J, Shashaty M. Circulating Coagulation Regulator Levels After Lung Transplantation Are Associated with Acute Kidney Injury. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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20
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Griffiths S, Manrique K, Miano T, Kalman L, Oyster M, Xie D, Clausen E, Shah P, Lama V, Dhillon G, Snyder L, Cantu E, Diamond J, Christie J, Shashaty M. Plasma Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin to Predict Acute Kidney Injury After Lung Transplantation: A Multicenter Cohort Study. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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21
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Slavny-Cross R, Allison C, Griffiths S, Baron-Cohen S. Autism and the criminal justice system: An analysis of 93 cases. Autism Res 2022; 15:904-914. [PMID: 35289115 PMCID: PMC9314022 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigate whether autistic people's vulnerability is taken into account at each stage of the criminal justice system (CJS). Defense lawyers from 12 nations were included in the study although the sample was predominantly from the UK. Lawyers completed an online survey regarding one case in which they had defended an autistic client between January 2015 and January 2020; and on one case in which they had defended a nonautistic client charged with a similar offense, to provide a comparison group. Ninety‐three lawyers (85% in the UK) reported on one autistic case, and 53 also reported on one nonautistic case. 75% of autistic clients were not given reasonable adjustments during the process. Only 43% were offered an appropriate adult during police investigations, even though they had an existing diagnosis of autism. 59% of prosecution barristers and 46% of judges said or did something during the trial that made the lawyers concerned that they did not have an adequate understanding of autism. Lawyers were 7.58 times more likely to be concerned about their autistic client's effective participation in court and were 3.83 times more likely to be concerned that their autistic clients would engage in self‐harm, compared with their nonautistic clients. There is a failure to identify and address autistic peoples' disability within the CJS. There is a need for mandatory autism training for police officers and the judiciary, with a focus on identifying autism and understanding the needs of autistic people so that reasonable adjustments are offered in all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Slavny-Cross
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carrie Allison
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Griffiths
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Simon Baron-Cohen
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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22
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Griffiths S, Gude A, Greene L, Weston L, Sutcliffe CL, Wheat H, Oh TM, Byng R. 'Do I have the capacity to make capacity judgements?' Researcher reflections from a person-centred dementia support study. Dementia (London) 2022; 21:972-994. [PMID: 35148655 PMCID: PMC9003753 DOI: 10.1177/14713012211067320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose Adults lacking capacity are under-represented in research; therefore, the evidence-base surrounding their support needs is inferior compared to other populations. Involving this group in research is fraught with challenges, including researcher uncertainties about how to carry out capacity judgements. Whilst ethical guidelines and principles provide overarching guidance, there is a lack of detailed guidance and evidence-based training, incorporating practical ‘on the ground’ strategies and advice on communication practices. Experiences and reflections on research procedures used to gauge and address capacity are under reported, resulting in a lack of shared knowledge within the field. Design To help address this, we engaged in researcher (co)meta-reflection on the informed capacity judgement procedure for initial consent, within our current, person-centred dementia intervention feasibility study. Our objective was to identify areas to improve our approach, but to also put forward suggestions for wider change within ethical research practice. Results Findings reveal challenges and facilitators relating to six areas: ‘Conducting time sensitive research whilst remaining person-centred and building relationships’; ‘Information sharing and supporting communication’; ‘Applying the process flexibly’; ‘The role of the carer and the consultee process’; ‘Judging assent and dissent’ and ‘Researcher related factors’. We questioned our ‘capacity to make capacity judgements’ in terms of both our skills and research time constraints. Conclusions Based on our experiences, we argue for greater open discussion between researchers, Patient and Public Involvement contributors and Research Ethics Committees at initial project planning stages. We recommend training and guidance focuses on building researcher skills in applying a standard process flexibly, emphasising naturalistic, conversational approaches to capacity judgement. A crucial consideration for funders is how this time-intensive and sensitive work should be factored into bid application templates and funding grants. Learnings from this article have potential to inform evidence-based guidance and training for researchers, consultees, funders, reviewers and ethics committees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Griffiths
- Faculty of Health, Community and Primary Care Research Group, Plymouth Institute of Health and Care Research, 6633University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Alex Gude
- Faculty of Health, Community and Primary Care Research Group, Plymouth Institute of Health and Care Research, 6633University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Leanne Greene
- Faculty of Health, Community and Primary Care Research Group, Plymouth Institute of Health and Care Research, 6633University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Lauren Weston
- Faculty of Health, Community and Primary Care Research Group, Plymouth Institute of Health and Care Research, 6633University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Caroline L Sutcliffe
- Social Care and Society, School of Health Sciences, 5292University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Hannah Wheat
- Faculty of Health, Community and Primary Care Research Group, Plymouth Institute of Health and Care Research, 6633University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Tomasina M Oh
- Faculty of Health, Community and Primary Care Research Group, Plymouth Institute of Health and Care Research, 6633University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Richard Byng
- Faculty of Health, Community and Primary Care Research Group, Plymouth Institute of Health and Care Research, 6633University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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23
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Griffiths S. Training advanced physiotherapy practitioners in the community to provide caudal epidurals: A quality improvement project to improve access to care. Physiotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2021.12.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Horler C, Eve E, Raffique Z, Turner R, Griffiths S. Personalised outcome letters in musculoskeletal outpatients: A service evaluation and improvement project. Physiotherapy 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2021.12.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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25
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Ailoaei S, Wright P, Griffiths S, Jansen M, Ernst S. Telerobotic interventions from a distance: an initial experience in 3D phantom mapping. European Heart Journal - Digital Health 2021. [PMCID: PMC8755354 DOI: 10.1093/ehjdh/ztab104.3087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The current COVID-19 pandemic has fostered several accelerations in “remote” patient care such as video and telephone clinics, as well as multidisciplinary collaborations using online platforms with experts consulting the local teams from a distance. The next logical step would be to also offer remote-controlled interventions which the expert operator not on site, but in support of the local team. This is especially valuable for complex interventions when either patient or expert operator can not be present at the same place. Purpose We aimed to demonstrate that an expert operator located at far distance (Austria) could directly interact with the remote magnetic navigation system in London (UK) whilst mapping a 3D phantom using an electroanatomical mapping system. Method Two experienced operators of the magnetic navigation system were tasked with creating fast anatomic maps (FAM) of the atrial and ventricular chambers of a 3D phantom using remote magnetic navigation in combination with 3D electroanatomical mapping. One was located in the control room of the magnetic catheter lab (UK) and the second one was in Tirol, Austria and connected through a secure remote desktop connection (via high speed fibre optic cable). Using a solid tip magnetic catheter connected to a mechanical drive, all interactions with the system were carried out via the Odyssey platform. Acquisitions for right and left atrium, as well as right and left ventricles plus aorta was compared with regards to mapping duration, map completeness (as judged by the average distance of surface points from 3D CT scan reconstruction), total 3D map volume and need for additional radiation exposure during the mapping process. Results Mapping time and map completeness when performed by the distant operator was not inferior to the local operator and both did not require any additional radiation exposure during the mapping process. Table 1 demonstrates the mean parameters for each chamber, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the matched data for chamber completeness as compared for the LA (green= local operator, pink= distant operator) using a contrast CT scan as the gold standard. Conclusion Telerobotic 3D mapping of a 3D phantom from a distance was equally fast delivered from the control room as compared to an operator located 1200 km away without compromising on map completeness. This demonstrates the feasibility of telerobotic interventions and stress the need for remote collaboration which is especially valuable when travel of patients and/or physician experts is restricted. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None.
Matched data for aorta ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ailoaei
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, Cardiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Wright
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, Cardiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Griffiths
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, Cardiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Jansen
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, Cardiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Ernst
- Royal Brompton Hospital Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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26
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Delgado MB, Plessas A, Burns L, Neilens H, Griffiths S, Latour J. Oral care experiences of palliative care patients, their relatives/carers and healthcare professionals. Int J Palliat Nurs 2021; 27:504-514. [PMID: 34919418 DOI: 10.12968/ijpn.2021.27.10.504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To explore the oral care experiences of palliative care patients and of those who support or deliver oral care to these patients: nurses, doctors, dentists, their relatives and carers. DATA SOURCES An electronic search of the databases included: Embase, MEDLINE, DOSS, AMED and PsycINFO was performed. DATA SELECTION Six articles were included in the final synthesis. DATA EXTRACTION Thematic analysis was applied by two researchers. DATA SYNTHESIS Three themes were identified: 'performing oral care', 'effects on oral health' and 'challenges in palliative care'. CONCLUSIONS Despite similarities of oral care experiences, this review identified some differences, crucially in terms of the wider impact of oral symptoms, namely social interactions with others and challenges to oral care. This confirms the need to investigate these topics further in relation to different stakeholders, such as nurses; and to have consistent guidance to facilitate the provision of effective oral care to palliative care patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anastasios Plessas
- Academic Fellow, Peninsula Dental School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, UK
| | - Lorna Burns
- Information Specialist, Peninsula Dental School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, UK
| | - Helen Neilens
- Senior Research Advisor/Trust Innovation Lead, Research and Development Department, University Hospitals Plymouth NHS Trust, Plymouth, UK
| | - Sarah Griffiths
- Research Fellow, Peninsula Medical School, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, UK
| | - Jos Latour
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, UK
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27
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Ailoaei S, Wright P, Griffiths S, Jansen M, Ernst S. Telerobotic interventions from a distance: an initial experience in 3D phantom mapping. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.3087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
The current COVID-19 pandemic has fostered several accelerations in “remote” patient care such as video and telephone clinics, as well as multidisciplinary collaborations using online platforms with experts consulting the local teams from a distance. The next logical step would be to also offer remote-controlled interventions which the expert operator not on site, but in support of the local team. This is especially valuable for complex interventions when either patient or expert operator can not be present at the same place.
Purpose
We aimed to demonstrate that an expert operator located at far distance (Austria) could directly interact with the remote magnetic navigation system in London (UK) whilst mapping a 3D phantom using an electroanatomical mapping system.
Method
Two experienced operators of the magnetic navigation system were tasked with creating fast anatomic maps (FAM) of the atrial and ventricular chambers of a 3D phantom using remote magnetic navigation in combination with 3D electroanatomical mapping. One was located in the control room of the magnetic catheter lab (UK) and the second one was in Tirol, Austria and connected through a secure remote desktop connection (via high speed fibre optic cable). Using a solid tip magnetic catheter connected to a mechanical drive, all interactions with the system were carried out via the Odyssey platform. Acquisitions for right and left atrium, as well as right and left ventricles plus aorta was compared with regards to mapping duration, map completeness (as judged by the average distance of surface points from 3D CT scan reconstruction), total 3D map volume and need for additional radiation exposure during the mapping process.
Results
Mapping time and map completeness when performed by the distant operator was not inferior to the local operator and both did not require any additional radiation exposure during the mapping process. Table 1 demonstrates the mean parameters for each chamber, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the matched data for chamber completeness as compared for the LA (green= local operator, pink= distant operator) using a contrast CT scan as the gold standard.
Conclusion
Telerobotic 3D mapping of a 3D phantom from a distance was equally fast delivered from the control room as compared to an operator located 1200 km away without compromising on map completeness. This demonstrates the feasibility of telerobotic interventions and stress the need for remote collaboration which is especially valuable when travel of patients and/or physician experts is restricted.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None. Matched data for aorta
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ailoaei
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, Cardiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - P Wright
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, Cardiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Griffiths
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, Cardiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - M Jansen
- Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, Cardiology, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Ernst
- Royal Brompton Hospital Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Griffiths S, Suksasilp C, Lucas L, Sebastian CL, Norbury C. Relationship between early language competence and cognitive emotion regulation in adolescence. R Soc Open Sci 2021; 8:210742. [PMID: 34754495 PMCID: PMC8493205 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.210742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive emotion regulation improves throughout adolescence and promotes good mental health. Here, we test whether language skills at school entry predict success in emotion regulation in an experimental task at age 10-11, using longitudinal data from the Surrey Communication and Language in Education Study. We additionally compared the performance of children with and without language disorder (LD). Across the whole sample (N = 344), language skills at school entry predicted emotion regulation success in Year 6 (β = 0.23), over and above the concurrent association between language and regulation success. There was no evidence that children with LD that could engage in the task were less successful regulators compared to peers with typical language. However, a quarter of children with LD were unable to complete the task. These children had more severe language difficulties, lower non-verbal IQ and more comorbid conditions. This has implications for clinicians addressing mental health needs for children with neurodevelopmental conditions that affect language, as conversations about emotions and emotion regulation are an integral part of therapy. The longitudinal relationship between language skills and the capacity to use temporal distancing for emotion regulation in early adolescence suggests that language may drive improvements in emotion regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Griffiths
- Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Chatrin Suksasilp
- Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Laura Lucas
- Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Courtenay Norbury
- Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Goh SKY, Griffiths S, Norbury CF. Sources of variability in the prospective relation of language to social, emotional, and behavior problem symptoms: Implications for developmental language disorder. J Abnorm Psychol 2021; 130:676-689. [PMID: 34553962 PMCID: PMC8459610 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) are at risk for social, emotional, and behavioral (SEB) maladjustment throughout development, though it is unclear if poor language proficiency per se can account for this risk as associations between language and SEB appear more variable among typical-language children. This study investigated whether the relationship between language and SEB problems is stronger at very low levels of language and considered confounders including socioeconomic status, sex, and nonverbal intelligence. These were examined using a population-based survey design, including children with a wide range of language and cognitive profiles, and assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and six standardized language measures (n = 363, weighted n = 6,451). Structural equation models adjusted for prior levels of SEB revealed that the relationship of language at age 5-6 years to SEB at 7-9 years was nonlinear. Language more strongly predicted all clusters of SEB at disordered language levels relative to typical language levels, with standardized betas of -.25 versus .03 for behavioral, -.31 versus -.04 for peer, and .27 versus .03 for prosocial problems. Wald tests between these pairs of betas yielded p values from .049 to .014. Sex moderated the nonlinear association between language and emotional symptoms. These findings indicate a clinical need to support language development in order to mitigate against problems of SEB and to carefully monitor the mental health needs of children with DLD, particularly in the context of multiple, and potentially sex-specific, risks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Griffiths S, Stephen G, Kiran T, Okrainec K. "She knows me best": a qualitative study of patient and caregiver views on the role of the primary care physician follow-up post-hospital discharge in individuals admitted with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or congestive heart failure. BMC Fam Pract 2021; 22:176. [PMID: 34488652 PMCID: PMC8421240 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-021-01524-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and congestive heart failure (CHF) are at high-risk of readmission after hospital discharge. There is conflicting evidence however on whether timely follow-up with a primary care provider reduces that risk. The objective of this study is to understand the perspectives of patients with COPD and CHF, and their caregivers, on the role of primary care provider follow-up after hospital discharge. Methods A qualitative study design with semi-structured interviews was conducted among patients or their family caregivers admitted with COPD or CHF who were enrolled in a randomized controlled study at three acute care hospitals in Ontario, Canada. Participants were interviewed between December 2017 to January 2019, the majority discharged from hospital at least 30 days prior to their interview. Interviews were analyzed independently by three authors using a deductive directed content analysis, with the fourth author cross-comparing themes. Results Interviews with 16 participants (eight patients and eight caregivers) revealed four main themes. First, participants valued visiting their primary care provider after discharge to build upon their longitudinal relationship. Second, primary care providers played a key role in coordinating care. Third, there were mixed views on the ideal time for follow-up, with many participants expressing a desire to delay follow-up to stabilize following their acute hospitalization. Fourth, the link between the post-discharge visit and preventing hospital readmissions was unclear to participants, who often self-triaged based on their symptoms when deciding on the need for emergency care. Conclusions Patients and caregivers valued in-person follow-up with their primary care provider following discharge from hospital because of the trust established through pre-existing longitudinal relationships. Our results suggest policy makers should focus on improving rates of primary care provider attachment and systems supporting informational continuity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12875-021-01524-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Griffiths
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gaibrie Stephen
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tara Kiran
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Karen Okrainec
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst Street, 8EW-408, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada.
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31
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Choi CH, Griffiths S, Shi S. Concept design of the upper port remote handling equipment for ITER neutral beam cell maintenance. Fusion Engineering and Design 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2021.112698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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32
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Bernardes Delgado M, Latour J, Neilens H, Griffiths S. Oral Care Experiences of Palliative Care Patients, Their Relatives, and Health Care Professionals: A Qualitative Study. J Hosp Palliat Nurs 2021; 23:229-237. [PMID: 33660670 DOI: 10.1097/njh.0000000000000745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Oral symptoms in a growing number of palliative care patients are often neglected. Dental professionals are not always involved in palliative care. Oral care is often inadequately delivered to palliative care patients, while oral problems can affect the quality of life. A qualitative study was conducted to explore oral care experiences of palliative care patients, their relatives, and health care professionals (HCPs). Four patients, 4 relatives, and 4 HCPs were interviewed in a hospice. Transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis and revealed 3 themes. Patients who were capable of performing oral care mainly brushed their teeth and looked after their dentures. Other care tended to be carried out by relatives and HCPs, adapted based on a person's level of consciousness. When describing the effects on oral health, relatives and HCPs tended to focus on xerostomia, whereas patients provided detailed accounts denoting the psychological and social impact of oral symptoms. Perceptions of enablers and barriers to oral care differed between groups. Patients reported lack of access to professional dental care and patients' fatigue were the main barriers to oral care. Nevertheless, there is great scope for further research into good oral care practices identified in this study and possible implementation in other settings.
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Dean A, Arrandale L, Griffiths S, Bourke S. P.25 Improving antenatal anaesthetic assessment and dissemination of information to parturients with a high body mass index. Int J Obstet Anesth 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2021.103023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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34
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Griffiths S, Furszyfer Del Rio D, Sovacool B. Policy mixes to achieve sustainable mobility after the COVID-19 crisis. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2021; 143:110919. [PMID: 35702384 PMCID: PMC9183457 DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2021.110919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to have lasting impacts on energy and the environment at the global scale. Shelter-in-place measures implemented to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 have resulted in expectations for 2020 global energy demand to contract by nearly 5% with related global CO2 emissions declining by as much as 7%. Exactly how long and to what extent we will see continue to see energy demand, CO2 and related greenhouse gas (GHG) emission destruction resulting from COVID-19 is uncertain but dependent on global policy responses to the pandemic. Policy responses targeting the transportation sector, particularly ground-based transportation, can stimulate a sustainable mobility transition that mitigates the potential for long-term environmental damage. This paper reviews and examines social and cultural dynamics of transportation and extends state-of-the-art knowledge to consider how events surrounding the COVID-19 crisis may have created a sustainable mobility opportunity though (1) avoiding unnecessary transportation volume, (2) shifting transportation norms and practices and/or (3) improving the carbon-efficiency of transportation systems. Relevant policies for a low-carbon transportation transition are considered and those most appropriate to the current context are proposed with consideration of key factors that may help or hinder their implementation success.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Griffiths
- Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - D Furszyfer Del Rio
- Science Policy Research Unit, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - B Sovacool
- Science Policy Research Unit, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
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35
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Yermekbayev K, Griffiths S, Chhetry M, Leverington-Waite M, Orford S, Amalova A, Abugalieva S, Turuspekov Y. Construction of a Genetic Map of RILs Derived from Wheat (T. aestivum L.) Varieties Pamyati Azieva × Paragon Using High-Throughput SNP Genotyping Platform KASP—Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR. RUSS J GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s102279542009015x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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36
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Roy A, Griffiths S. Intermediate layer contribution in placental membrane allografts. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1126-1135. [PMID: 32592334 DOI: 10.1002/term.3086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Placental membrane (PM) allografts are commonly used to treat chronic wounds. Native PM is composed of an amnion, chorion, and intermediate layer (IL) that contain matrix structures and regulatory components beneficial in wound healing. Historically, commercially available allografts were composed of only one or two layers of the PM. To maximize the conserved material in PM allografts, a dehydrated complete human placental membrane (dCHPM) allograft processed using the Clearify™ process was developed. Histological and proteomic characterization comparing dCHPM allografts with native PM demonstrated that the majority of matrix structures and regulatory proteins are retained in dCHPM allografts through processing. To evaluate the importance of maintaining the entire intact PM and the contribution of the IL, the structural and proteomic makeup of the IL was compared with that of dCHPM allografts. This is the first known characterization of regulatory proteins in the IL. Results demonstrate that the IL contains over 900 regulatory and signaling components, including chemokines, growth factors, interleukins, and protease inhibitors. These components are key regulators of angiogenesis, neurogenesis, osteogenesis, inflammation, tissue remodeling, and host defense. The results show that the proteomic composition of the IL is consistent with that of the entire dCHPM allograft. Although further investigation is required to fully understand the contribution of the IL in PM allografts, these results demonstrate that the IL contains structural and regulatory proteins that can enhance the barrier and wound healing properties of PM allografts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelise Roy
- Research and Development Department, StimLabs, LLC, Roswell, GA, USA
| | - Sarah Griffiths
- Research and Development Department, StimLabs, LLC, Roswell, GA, USA
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37
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Griffiths S, Goh SKY, Norbury CF. Early language competence, but not general cognitive ability, predicts children's recognition of emotion from facial and vocal cues. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9118. [PMID: 32435540 PMCID: PMC7227654 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to accurately identify and label emotions in the self and others is crucial for successful social interactions and good mental health. In the current study we tested the longitudinal relationship between early language skills and recognition of facial and vocal emotion cues in a representative UK population cohort with diverse language and cognitive skills (N = 369), including a large sample of children that met criteria for Developmental Language Disorder (DLD, N = 97). Language skills, but not non-verbal cognitive ability, at age 5–6 predicted emotion recognition at age 10–12. Children that met the criteria for DLD showed a large deficit in recognition of facial and vocal emotion cues. The results highlight the importance of language in supporting identification of emotions from non-verbal cues. Impairments in emotion identification may be one mechanism by which language disorder in early childhood predisposes children to later adverse social and mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Griffiths
- Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shaun Kok Yew Goh
- Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Research in Child Development, Office of Educational Research, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Courtenay Fraiser Norbury
- Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Special Needs Education, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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38
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Zhang XX, Whalley PA, Ashton RW, Evans J, Hawkesford MJ, Griffiths S, Huang ZD, Zhou H, Mooney SJ, Whalley WR. A comparison between water uptake and root length density in winter wheat: effects of root density and rhizosphere properties. Plant Soil 2020; 451:345-356. [PMID: 32848280 PMCID: PMC7437669 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-020-04530-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We aim to quantify the variation in root distribution in a set of 35 experimental wheat lines. We also compared the effect of variation in hydraulic properties of the rhizosphere on water uptake by roots. METHODS We measured the root length density and soil drying in 35 wheat lines in a field experiment. A 3D numerical model was used to predict soil drying profiles with the different root length distributions and compared with measured soil drying. The model was used to test different scenarios of the hydraulic properties of the rhizosphere. RESULTS We showed that wheat lines with no detectable differences in root length density can induce soil drying profiles with statistically significant differences. Our data confirmed that a root length density of at least 1 cm/cm3 is needed to drain all the available water in soil. In surface layers where the root length density was far greater than 1 cm/cm3 water uptake was independent of rooting density due to competition for water. However, in deeper layers where root length density was less than 1 cm/cm3, water uptake by roots was proportional to root density. CONCLUSION In a set of wheat lines with no detectable differences in the root length density we found significant differences in water uptake. This may be because small differences in root density at depth can result in larger differences in water uptake or that the hydraulic properties of the rhizosphere can greatly affect water uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. X. Zhang
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ UK
| | - P. A. Whalley
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory, Andrew Wiles Building, Woodstock Rd, Oxford, OX2 6GG UK
| | - R. W. Ashton
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ UK
| | - J. Evans
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ UK
| | | | - S. Griffiths
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Z. D. Huang
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453002 Henan China
| | - H. Zhou
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD UK
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008 People’s Republic of China
| | - S. J. Mooney
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD UK
| | - W. R. Whalley
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ UK
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39
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Suksasilp C, Griffiths S, Sebastian CL, Norbury C. Reliability and validity of a temporal distancing emotion regulation task in adolescence. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 21:830-841. [PMID: 32202849 PMCID: PMC8359603 DOI: 10.1037/emo0000744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Adopting a temporally distant perspective on stressors, also known as using a temporal distancing emotion regulation strategy, can alleviate distress. Young adults’ ability to adopt a temporal distancing strategy has previously been measured using an experimental temporal distancing task (Ahmed, Somerville, & Sebastian, 2018). In the current study, we evaluate the psychometric properties of this task in younger (N = 345, aged 10–11) and older (N = 99, aged 18–21) adolescents and explore developmental differences in the ability to use temporal distancing to alleviate distress. Participants listened to scenarios and rated negative affect when adopting a distant-future perspective, a near-future perspective, or when reacting naturally. We evaluated the test–retest reliability of the measure in older adolescents and its construct validity in both younger and older adolescents by assessing correlations with self-report measures of emotion regulation strategy use. Our findings broadly replicated those of Ahmed et al. (2018): Adopting distant- and near-future perspectives produced significantly lower self-reported distress relative to reacting naturally, with the distant-future strategy producing the least distress. Older adolescents alleviated their distress more effectively than younger adolescents and reported projecting further into the future. Regulation success scores on the temporal distancing task showed adequate test–retest reliability. However, these scores did not correlate with self-reported habitual use of temporal distancing or reappraisal strategies generally. These findings suggest that the ability to use a temporal distancing strategy for emotion regulation improves during adolescence, but that ability may not be related to habitual use of this strategy.
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40
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Griffiths S, Manger L, Chapman R, Weston L, Sherriff I, Quinn C, Clarkson P, Sutcliffe C, Davies K, Byng R. Letter on "Protection by exclusion? The (lack of) inclusion of adults who lack capacity to consent to research in clinical trials in the UK". Trials 2020; 21:104. [PMID: 31964408 PMCID: PMC6974964 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-4054-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ian Sherriff
- Dementia Partnerships Lead, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | | | - Paul Clarkson
- Senior Lecturer in Social Care and Society, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Richard Byng
- D-PACT Chief Investigator, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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41
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Zhang XX, Whalley PA, Ashton RW, Evans J, Hawkesford MJ, Griffiths S, Huang ZD, Zhou H, Mooney SJ, Whalley WR. A comparison between water uptake and root length density in winter wheat: effects of root density and rhizosphere properties. Plant Soil 2020. [PMID: 32848280 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-020-04582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We aim to quantify the variation in root distribution in a set of 35 experimental wheat lines. We also compared the effect of variation in hydraulic properties of the rhizosphere on water uptake by roots. METHODS We measured the root length density and soil drying in 35 wheat lines in a field experiment. A 3D numerical model was used to predict soil drying profiles with the different root length distributions and compared with measured soil drying. The model was used to test different scenarios of the hydraulic properties of the rhizosphere. RESULTS We showed that wheat lines with no detectable differences in root length density can induce soil drying profiles with statistically significant differences. Our data confirmed that a root length density of at least 1 cm/cm3 is needed to drain all the available water in soil. In surface layers where the root length density was far greater than 1 cm/cm3 water uptake was independent of rooting density due to competition for water. However, in deeper layers where root length density was less than 1 cm/cm3, water uptake by roots was proportional to root density. CONCLUSION In a set of wheat lines with no detectable differences in the root length density we found significant differences in water uptake. This may be because small differences in root density at depth can result in larger differences in water uptake or that the hydraulic properties of the rhizosphere can greatly affect water uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Zhang
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ UK
| | - P A Whalley
- University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory, Andrew Wiles Building, Woodstock Rd, Oxford, OX2 6GG UK
| | - R W Ashton
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ UK
| | - J Evans
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ UK
| | - M J Hawkesford
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ UK
| | - S Griffiths
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH UK
| | - Z D Huang
- Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang, 453002 Henan China
| | - H Zhou
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD UK
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 71 East Beijing Road, Nanjing, 210008 People's Republic of China
| | - S J Mooney
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD UK
| | - W R Whalley
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ UK
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42
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Genievskaya Y, Fedorenko Y, Sarbayev A, Amalova A, Abugalieva S, Griffiths S, Turuspekov Y. Identification of QTLs for resistance to leaf and stem rusts in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using a mapping population of ‘Pamyati Azieva × Paragon’. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2019. [DOI: 10.18699/vj19.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaf rust (LR) and stem rust (SR) are harmful fungal diseases of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The purpose of this study was to identify QTLs for resistance to LR and SR that are effective in two wheat-growing regions of Kazakhstan. To accomplish this task, a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) of ‘Pamyati Azieva × Paragon’ was grown in the northern and southeastern parts of Kazakhstan, phenotyped for LR/SR severities, and analyzed for key yield components. The study revealed a negative correlation between disease severity and plant productivity in both areas. The mapping population was genotyped using a 20,000 Illumina SNP array. A total of 4595 polymorphic SNP markers were further selected for linkage analysis after filtering based on missing data percentage and segregation distortion. Windows QTL Cartographer was applied to identify QTLs associated with LR and SR resistances in the RIL mapping population studied. Two QTLs for LR resistance and eight for SR resistance were found in the north, and the genetic positions of eight of them have matched the positions of the known Lr and Sr genes, while two QTLs for SR were novel. In the southeast, eight QTLs for LR and one for SR were identified in total. The study is an initial step of the genetic mapping of LR and SR resistance loci of bread wheat in Kazakhstan. Field trials in two areas of the country and the genotyping of the selected mapping population have allowed identification of key QTLs that will be effective in regional breeding projects for better bread wheat productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A. Sarbayev
- Kazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Industry
| | - A. Amalova
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology
| | - S. Abugalieva
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology; al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biodiversity and Bioresources
| | | | - Y. Turuspekov
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology; al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biodiversity and Bioresources
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Yin Y, Dimopoulos K, Shimada E, Lascelles K, Griffiths S, Wong T, Gatzoulis MA, Babu-Narayan SV, Li W. 2400Early and late effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy in adult congenital heart disease. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
There are limited data regarding cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in adult congenital heart disease (ACHD).
Purpose
We aimed to assess early and late outcomes of CRT amongst patients with ACHD.
Methods
We retrospectively studied ACHD patients receiving CRT (2004–2017). Clinical and echocardiographic data were analyzed at baseline, early (1.8±0.8 years) and late (4.7±0.8 years) follow-up after CRT.
Results
Fifty-four ACHD patients (median age 46 years, range 18–73 years, 74% male) had CRT (biventricular paced >90%) and were followed for 5.7±3.0 years. Thirty-nine (72%) patients had a systemic left ventricle (LV). Underlying cardiac anatomy included left ventricular outflow tract lesions (n=17; 32%), tetralogy of Fallot (n=11; 20%), right ventricular outflow tract lesions (n=5; 9%), atrioventricular septal defects (n=5; 9%) and atrial septal defect with right aortic arch (n=1; 2%). Fifteen (28%) patients had a systemic right ventricle (RV): 13 (24%) with congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries, and 2 (4%) with transposition of the great arteries after Mustard repair.
Compared to baseline, CRT was associated with significant improvement at early follow-up in NYHA functional class, QRS duration, cardiothoracic ratio, left and right atrial volume index (P<0.05 for all) in the overall population; improvement in NYHA class was sustained at late follow-up. Amongst patients with a systemic LV, there was significant increase in LV ejection fraction and reduction in LV end-systolic volume at early and late follow up (P<0.05 for both). There is trend in improvement of RV fractional area change in the patients with a systemic RV but not met statistical significance (P=0.070). Findings were summarized in Figure 1.
Eleven patients died and 2 had heart transplantation unrelated to systemic ventricular morphology. Thirty-five (65%) patients responded positively to CRT but only baseline QRS duration was a predictor of the positive response.
Conclusion
CRT results in sustained improvement in functional class, systemic LV size and function. QRS duration but not QRS morphology was a predictor of the positive response seen at early follow-up in 2/3 of ACHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yin
- Imperial College London, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - K Dimopoulos
- Imperial College London, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - E Shimada
- Tokyo Womens Medical University, Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Lascelles
- Imperial College London, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Griffiths
- Imperial College London, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - T Wong
- Imperial College London, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - M A Gatzoulis
- Imperial College London, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - S V Babu-Narayan
- Imperial College London, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - W Li
- Imperial College London, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Griffiths S, Jarrold C, Penton-Voak IS, Woods AT, Skinner AL, Munafò MR. Impaired Recognition of Basic Emotions from Facial Expressions in Young People with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Assessing the Importance of Expression Intensity. J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 49:2768-2778. [PMID: 28361375 PMCID: PMC6606653 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-017-3091-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
It has been proposed that impairments in emotion recognition in ASD are greater for more subtle expressions of emotion. We measured recognition of 6 basic facial expressions at 8 intensity levels in young people (6-16 years) with ASD (N = 63) and controls (N = 64) via an Internet platform. Participants with ASD were less accurate than controls at labelling expressions across intensity levels, although differences at very low levels were not detected due to floor effects. Recognition accuracy did not correlate with parent-reported social functioning in either group. These findings provide further evidence for an impairment in recognition of basic emotion in ASD and do not support the idea that this impairment is limited solely to low intensity expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Griffiths
- School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. .,MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. .,Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | | | - Ian S Penton-Voak
- School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Andy L Skinner
- School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Marcus R Munafò
- School of Experimental Psychology, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU), University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Griffiths S, Allison C, Kenny R, Holt R, Smith P, Baron-Cohen S. The Vulnerability Experiences Quotient (VEQ): A Study of Vulnerability, Mental Health and Life Satisfaction in Autistic Adults. Autism Res 2019; 12:1516-1528. [PMID: 31274233 PMCID: PMC6851759 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Co‐morbid mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression are extremely common in autistic adults. Vulnerability to negative life experiences such as victimisation and unemployment may be partially responsible for the development of these conditions. Here we measure the frequency of negative life experiences in autistic adults and explore how these are associated with current anxiety and depression symptoms and life satisfaction. We developed the Vulnerability Experiences Quotient (VEQ) through stakeholder consultation. The VEQ includes 60 items across 10 domains. Autistic adults with a clinical diagnosis and non‐autistic controls completed the VEQ, screening measures for anxiety and depression, and a life‐satisfaction scale in an online survey. Likelihood of experiencing each VEQ event was compared between groups, using binary logistic regression. Mediation analysis was used to test whether total VEQ score mediated the relationship between autism and (1) depression (2) anxiety and (3) life satisfaction. Autistic adults (N = 426) reported higher rates of the majority of events in the VEQ than non‐autistic adults (N = 268). They also reported more anxiety and depression symptoms and lower life satisfaction. Group differences in anxiety, depression and life satisfaction were partially mediated by VEQ total score. This study highlights several important understudied areas of vulnerability for autistic adults, including domestic abuse, contact with social services (as parents) and financial exploitation and hardship. Improved support, advice and advocacy services are needed to reduce the vulnerability of autistic adults to negative life experiences, which may in turn improve mental health and life satisfaction in this population. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1516–1528. © 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary This study investigated whether autistic adults are more vulnerable to certain negative life experiences, and whether these experiences are related to anxiety, depression and life satisfaction. We found that autistic adults are more vulnerable to many different negative life events, including employment difficulties, financial hardship and domestic abuse. Negative life experiences partially explained the higher rates of anxiety and depression symptoms and lower life satisfaction in autistic adults compared to non‐autistic adults. Improved support services are required to reduce the vulnerability of autistic adults. Reducing vulnerability may improve mental health and increase life satisfaction in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Griffiths
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carrie Allison
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Kenny
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rosemary Holt
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Smith
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Baron-Cohen
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,CLASS Clinic, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Mental Health NHS Foundation Trust (CPFT), Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Richards G, Kenny R, Griffiths S, Allison C, Mosse D, Holt R, O'Connor RC, Cassidy S, Baron-Cohen S. Autistic traits in adults who have attempted suicide. Mol Autism 2019; 10:26. [PMID: 31198526 PMCID: PMC6555998 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-019-0274-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An emerging literature suggests that autistic adults are at increased risk of experiencing suicidal thoughts, making suicidal plans and attempts, and dying by suicide. However, few studies have investigated whether autistic traits are related to suicidal behaviour. The current study examined autistic traits in a sample of adults who reported at least one suicide attempt. Methods An online questionnaire was advertised between June and September 2017 on suicide prevention websites, research databases, and social media. Participants reported whether they had ever attempted suicide (yes/no), and if so, how many times they had attempted (once/more than once). They also reported diagnosed and suspected mental health or neurodevelopmental conditions, and completed the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ). Two hundred forty-five adults accessed the survey; 132 reported having attempted suicide and also completed the AQ. It was hypothesised that AQ total scores and subscale scores would be higher in adults who had attempted suicide more than once compared to adults who had attempted once. These hypotheses were tested using an independent samples t test, Mann-Whitney U tests, and binary logistic regression. Results Most participants were female (83.3%, male = 12.9%, other = 3.8%), and ages ranged from 18 to 65 (median = 36.00; IQR = 19.00). Total AQ scores, as well as communication and imagination subscale scores were significantly higher in adults who had attempted suicide more than once compared to adults who had attempted suicide once. Even after removing participants with diagnosed or suspected autism (n = 34), 40.6% had an AQ score indicative of clinical concern (≥ 26). Conclusions The findings suggest that high levels of autistic traits may frequently be present in adults who have attempted suicide, and that AQ scores are higher in those with a history of more than one suicide attempt. It may be possible to better identify suicide risk by screening autistic adults with mental health conditions for suicidal thoughts and behaviours, and by screening people with suicidal thoughts and/or behaviours for autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth Richards
- 1Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Douglas House, University of Cambridge, 18b Trumpington Road, Cambridge, CB2 8AH UK.,2School of Psychology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Rebecca Kenny
- 1Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Douglas House, University of Cambridge, 18b Trumpington Road, Cambridge, CB2 8AH UK
| | - Sarah Griffiths
- 1Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Douglas House, University of Cambridge, 18b Trumpington Road, Cambridge, CB2 8AH UK
| | - Carrie Allison
- 1Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Douglas House, University of Cambridge, 18b Trumpington Road, Cambridge, CB2 8AH UK
| | | | - Rosemary Holt
- 1Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Douglas House, University of Cambridge, 18b Trumpington Road, Cambridge, CB2 8AH UK
| | - Rory C O'Connor
- 4Suicidal Behaviour Research Laboratory, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sarah Cassidy
- 1Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Douglas House, University of Cambridge, 18b Trumpington Road, Cambridge, CB2 8AH UK.,5School of Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Simon Baron-Cohen
- 1Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Douglas House, University of Cambridge, 18b Trumpington Road, Cambridge, CB2 8AH UK.,CLASS Clinic, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Foundation NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
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Wilkinson I, Griffiths S, Bandyopadhyay S, Trangmar P, Giokarini-Royal T. 69CAN P1NP LEVELS AID DECISION MAKING IN PATIENTS WHO SUSTAIN A HIP FRACTURE WHILST ON BISPHOSPHONATE TREATMENT? Age Ageing 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afy214.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- I Wilkinson
- Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, East Surrey Hospital, Redhill, Surrey
| | - S Griffiths
- Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, East Surrey Hospital, Redhill, Surrey
| | - S Bandyopadhyay
- Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, East Surrey Hospital, Redhill, Surrey
| | - P Trangmar
- Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, East Surrey Hospital, Redhill, Surrey
| | - T Giokarini-Royal
- Surrey and Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, East Surrey Hospital, Redhill, Surrey
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Amalova AY, Yermekbayev KA, Griffiths S, Abugalieva SI, Turuspekov YK. Phenotypic variation of common wheat mapping population Pamyati Azieva x Paragon in south-east of Kazakhstan. Int j biol chem 2019. [DOI: 10.26577/ijbch-2019-i1-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Roleska M, Roman-Urrestarazu A, Griffiths S, Ruigrok ANV, Holt R, van Kessel R, McColl K, Sherlaw W, Brayne C, Czabanowska K. Autism and the right to education in the EU: Policy mapping and scoping review of the United Kingdom, France, Poland and Spain. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202336. [PMID: 30161146 PMCID: PMC6116926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autistic people may have different educational needs that need to be met to allow them to develop their full potential. Education and disability policies remain within the competence of EU Member States, with current educational standards and provisions for autistic people implemented locally. This scoping review aims to map EU and national special education policies with the goal of scoping the level of fulfilment of the right to education of autistic people. METHODS Four EU countries (United Kingdom, France, Poland and Spain) were included in this scoping review study. Governmental policies in the field of education, special education needs and disability law were included. Path dependency framework was used for data analysis; a net of inter-dependencies between international, EU and national policies was created. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Each country created policies where the right to free education without discrimination is provided. Poland does not have an autism specific strategy, whereas the United Kingdom, France and Spain have policies specifically designed for autistic individuals. Within the United Kingdom, all countries created different autism plans, nevertheless all aim to reach the same goal-inclusive education for autistic children that leads to the development of their full potential. CONCLUSION Policy-making across Europe in the field of education has been changing through the years in favour of autistic people. Today their rights are noticed and considered, but there is still room for improvement. Results showed that approaches and policies vastly differ between countries, more Member States should be analysed in a similar manner to gain a broader and clearer view with a special focus on disability rights in Central and Eastern Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Roleska
- Department of International Health, School CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Andres Roman-Urrestarazu
- Department of International Health, School CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Griffiths
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Amber N. V. Ruigrok
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rosemary Holt
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Robin van Kessel
- Department of International Health, School CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kathleen McColl
- Département des sciences humaines, sociales et des comportements de santé, Ecole des hautes études en santé publique, Rennes, France
| | - William Sherlaw
- Département des sciences humaines, sociales et des comportements de santé, Ecole des hautes études en santé publique, Rennes, France
| | - Carol Brayne
- Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kasia Czabanowska
- Department of International Health, School CAPHRI, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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Trompeter N, Bussey K, Hay P, Mond J, Murray SB, Lonergan A, Griffiths S, Pike K, Mitchison D. Fear of Negative Evaluation and Weight/Shape Concerns among Adolescents: The Moderating Effects of Gender and Weight Status. J Youth Adolesc 2018; 47:1398-1408. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-018-0872-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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