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Analysis of anemia and iron supplementation among glioblastoma patients reveals sex-biased association between anemia and survival. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2389. [PMID: 38287054 PMCID: PMC10825121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52492-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between anemia and outcomes in glioblastoma patients is unclear. We analyzed data from 1346 histologically confirmed adult glioblastoma patients in the TriNetX Research Network. Median hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were quantified for 6 months following diagnosis and used to classify patients as anemic or non-anemic. Associations of anemia and iron supplementation of anemic patients with median overall survival (median-OS) were then studied. Among 1346 glioblastoma patients, 35.9% of male and 40.5% of female patients were classified as anemic using hemoglobin-based WHO guidelines. Among males, anemia was associated with reduced median-OS compared to matched non-anemic males using hemoglobin (HR 1.24; 95% CI 1.00-1.53) or hematocrit-based cutoffs (HR 1.28; 95% CI 1.03-1.59). Among females, anemia was not associated with median-OS using hemoglobin (HR 1.00; 95% CI 0.78-1.27) or hematocrit-based cutoffs (HR: 1.10; 95% CI 0.85-1.41). Iron supplementation of anemic females trended toward increased median-OS (HR 0.61; 95% CI 0.32-1.19) although failing to reach statistical significance whereas no significant association was found in anemic males (HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.41-1.75). Functional transferrin-binding assays confirmed sexually dimorphic binding in resected patient samples indicating underlying differences in iron biology. Anemia among glioblastoma patients exhibits a sex-specific association with survival.
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Left Subclavian Artery Sacrifice in Acute Aortic Dissection Repair Using the Frozen Elephant Trunk. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1725586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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3
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Concurrent Durvalumab And Radiation Therapy (DUART) followed by Adjuvant Durvalumab in Patients with Localized Urothelial Cancer of Bladder: BTCRC-GU15-023. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.2124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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4
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P.109Congenital myopathy in patients with Kabuki and Au-Kline syndromes - Double trouble or expansion of the phenotypes? Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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5
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The Outcomes of Adjuvant Radiation Therapy in Postcystectomy Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2016.06.1329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Two-Step Meta-Analysis. Oncologist 2016; 21:708-15. [PMID: 27053504 PMCID: PMC4912364 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2015-0440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 270] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been shown to improve survival outcomes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer patients. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide updated results of previous findings. We also summarized published data to compare clinical outcomes of methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MVAC) versus gemcitabine and cisplatin/carboplatin (GC) in the neoadjuvant setting. METHODS A meta-analysis of 15 randomized clinical trials was performed to compare neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus local treatment with the same local treatment alone. Because no randomized trials have investigated MVAC versus GC in the neoadjuvant setting, a meta-analysis of 13 retrospective studies was performed to compare MVAC with GC. RESULTS A total of 3,285 patients were included in 15 randomized clinical trials. There was a significant overall survival (OS) benefit associated with cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (hazard ratio [HR], 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79-0.96). A total of 1,766 patients were included in 13 retrospective studies. There was no significant difference in pathological complete response between MVAC and GC. However, GC was associated with a significantly reduced overall survival (HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.01-1.57). After excluding carboplatin data, GC still seemed to be inferior to MVAC in OS (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.99-1.74), but the difference was no longer statistically significant. CONCLUSION These results support the use of cisplatin-based combination neoadjuvant chemotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Although GC and MVAC had similar treatment response rates, the different survival outcome observed in this study requires further investigation. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) has been shown to improve survival outcomes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients, but the optimal neoadjuvant regimen has not been established. Methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MVAC) and gemcitabine and cisplatin/carboplatin (GC) are two of the most commonly used chemotherapy regimens in modern oncology. In this two-step meta-analysis, an updated and more precise estimate of the survival benefit of cisplatin-based NCT in MIBC is provided. This study also demonstrated that MVAC might have superior overall survival compared with GC (with or without carboplatin data) in the neoadjuvant setting. The findings suggest that NCT should be standard care in MIBC, and MVAC could be the preferred neoadjuvant regimen.
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Targeted Therapy in Collecting Duct Carcinoma of the Kidney: A Case Report and Literature Review. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2016; 14:e203-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Consolidation With Radiation or Concurrent Chemo-Radiation After Chemotherapy Results in Durable Complete Remissions of Isolated Nodal Recurrences of Urothelial Cancer: A Case Series and Review. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2016; 14:e393-9. [PMID: 26877063 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Symptomatic Secondary Polycythemia Induced by Anti-VEGF Therapy for the Treatment of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Case Series and Review. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2015; 13:e391-5. [PMID: 26303589 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Large-scale discovery of novel genetic causes of developmental disorders. Nature 2015; 519:223-8. [PMID: 25533962 PMCID: PMC5955210 DOI: 10.1038/nature14135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 773] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite three decades of successful, predominantly phenotype-driven discovery of the genetic causes of monogenic disorders, up to half of children with severe developmental disorders of probable genetic origin remain without a genetic diagnosis. Particularly challenging are those disorders rare enough to have eluded recognition as a discrete clinical entity, those with highly variable clinical manifestations, and those that are difficult to distinguish from other, very similar, disorders. Here we demonstrate the power of using an unbiased genotype-driven approach to identify subsets of patients with similar disorders. By studying 1,133 children with severe, undiagnosed developmental disorders, and their parents, using a combination of exome sequencing and array-based detection of chromosomal rearrangements, we discovered 12 novel genes associated with developmental disorders. These newly implicated genes increase by 10% (from 28% to 31%) the proportion of children that could be diagnosed. Clustering of missense mutations in six of these newly implicated genes suggests that normal development is being perturbed by an activating or dominant-negative mechanism. Our findings demonstrate the value of adopting a comprehensive strategy, both genome-wide and nationwide, to elucidate the underlying causes of rare genetic disorders.
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Effect of topical vaginal androgens in a woman on the testosterone levels of her sexual partner with prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2015; 33:521-2. [PMID: 25559812 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2014.59.7773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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12
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Cases of mitogenic cardiomyopathy in the United Kingdom. Heart Lung Circ 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2014.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Case Reports * 1. A Late Presentation of Loeys-Dietz Syndrome: Beware of TGF Receptor Mutations in Benign Joint Hypermobility. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Re: Prenatal diagnosis of fetal left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2012. [PMID: 23192995 DOI: 10.1002/uog.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Comparative molecular field analysis of flavonoid inhibitors of the PIM-1 kinase. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:6463-73. [PMID: 17637507 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2006] [Revised: 05/23/2007] [Accepted: 06/12/2007] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The PIM-1 protein, the product of the pim-1 oncogene, is a serine/threonine kinase. Dysregulation of the PIM-1 kinase has been implicated in the development of human malignancies including lymphomas, leukemias, and prostate cancer. Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) is a 3-D QSAR technique that has been widely used, with notable success, to correlate biological activity with the steric and electrostatic properties of ligands. We have used a set of 15 flavonoid inhibitors of the PIM-1 kinase, aligned de novo by common substructure, to generate a CoMFA model for the purpose of elucidating the steric and electrostatic properties involved in flavonoid binding to the PIM-1 kinase. Partial least squares correlation between observed and predicted inhibitor potency (expressed as -logIC50), using a non-cross-validated partial least squares analysis, generated a non-cross-validated q2=0.805 for the training set (n=15) of flavonoids. The CoMFA generated steric map indicated that the PIM-1-binding site was sterically hindered, leading to more efficient binding of planar molecules over (R) or (S) compounds. The electrostatic map identified that positive charges near the flavonoid atom C8 and negative charges near C4' increased flavonoid binding. The CoMFA model accurately predicted the potency of a test set of flavonoids (n=6), generating a correlation between observed and predicted potency of q2=0.825. CoMFA models generated from additional alignment rules, which were guided by co-crystal structure ligand orientations, did not improve the correlative value of the model. Superimposing the PIM-1 kinase crystal structure onto the CoMFA contours validated the steric and electrostatic maps, elucidating the amino acid residues that potentially contribute to the CoMFA fields. Thus we have generated the first predictive model that may be used for the rational design of small-molecule inhibitors of the PIM-1 kinase.
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Abstract
The pim-1 kinase is a true oncogene that has been implicated in the development of leukemias, lymphomas, and prostate cancer, and is the target of drug development programs. We have used experimental approaches to identify a selective, cell-permeable, small-molecule inhibitor of the pim-1 kinase to foster basic and translational studies of the enzyme. We used an ELISA-based kinase assay to screen a diversity library of potential kinase inhibitors. The flavonol quercetagetin (3,3',4',5,6,7-hydroxyflavone) was identified as a moderately potent, ATP-competitive inhibitor (IC(50), 0.34 micromol/L). Resolution of the crystal structure of PIM1 in complex with quercetagetin or two other flavonoids revealed a spectrum of binding poses and hydrogen-bonding patterns in spite of strong similarity of the ligands. Quercetagetin was a highly selective inhibitor of PIM1 compared with PIM2 and seven other serine-threonine kinases. Quercetagetin was able to inhibit PIM1 activity in intact RWPE2 prostate cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner (ED(50), 5.5 micromol/L). RWPE2 cells treated with quercetagetin showed pronounced growth inhibition at inhibitor concentrations that blocked PIM1 kinase activity. Furthermore, the ability of quercetagetin to inhibit the growth of other prostate epithelial cell lines varied in proportion to their levels of PIM1 protein. Quercetagetin can function as a moderately potent and selective, cell-permeable inhibitor of the pim-1 kinase, and may be useful for proof-of-concept studies to support the development of clinically useful PIM1 inhibitors.
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Abstract
Hematopoietic growth factors mediate the survival and proliferation of blood-forming cells, but the mechanisms through which these proteins produce their effects are incompletely known. Recent studies have identified the pim family of kinases as mediators of cytokine-dependent survival signals. Several studies have identified substrates for the pim-1 kinase, but little is known about the other family members, pim-2 and pim-3. We have investigated potential functions for the pim-2 kinase in factor-dependent murine hematopoietic cells. We find that pim-2 mRNA and protein expression are regulated by cytokines similarly to pim-1. Three PIM-2 protein isoforms are produced in cytokine-treated cells. All three forms are active kinases, and the short (PIM-2(34 kDa)) form is the most active at enhancing survival of FDCP1 cells after cytokine withdrawal. This pro-survival function involves inhibition of apoptosis and caspase activation. Enforced expression of PIM-2(34 kDa) kinase does not appear to regulate expression of BCL-2, BCL-xL, BIM, or BAX proteins. However, the kinase can phosphorylate the pro-apoptotic protein BAD on serine 112, which accounts in part for its ability to reverse Bad-induced cell death. Our results indicate that pim-2 functions similarly to pim-1 as a pro-survival kinase and suggest that BAD is a legitimate PIM-2 substrate.
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Abstract
PURPOSE To report a case of severe conjunctival and corneal epithelial defects resulting from exposure to the venom of the Southern walkingstick, Anisomorpha buprestoides. DESIGN Case report. INTERVENTION The patient was treated with cyclopentolate 1% and underwent daily examinations until the corneal and conjunctival epithelial defects resolved. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Resolution of corneal and conjunctival epithelial defects. RESULTS The corneal and conjunctival epithelial defects slowly resolved over 6 days. Visual acuity improved to 20/20 in the affected eye. No residual corneal scarring was evident. CONCLUSIONS Slowly resolving corneal and conjunctival epithelial defects can occur from direct contact with the venom from the Southern walkingstick, A. buprestoides; therefore, this insect should be approached with caution.
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Sex difference in the validity of vertebral deformities as an index of prevalent vertebral osteoporotic fractures: a population survey of older men and women. Osteoporos Int 2000; 11:102-19. [PMID: 10793868 DOI: 10.1007/pl00004172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Morphometric methods have been developed for standardized assessment of vertebral deformities in clinical and epidemiologic studies of spinal osteoporosis. However, vertebral deformity may be caused by a variety of other conditions. To examine the validity of morphometrically assessed vertebral deformities as an index of osteoporotic vertebral fractures, we developed an algorithm for radiological differential classification (RDC) based on a combination of quantitative and qualitative assessment of lateral spinal radiographs. Radiographs were obtained in a population of 50- to 80-year-old German women (n = 283) and men (n = 297) surveyed in the context of the European Vertebral Osteoporosis Study (EVOS). Morphometric methods (Eastell 3 SD and 4 SD criteria, McCloskey) were validated against RDC and against bone mineral density (BMD) at the femur and the lumbar spine. According to RDC 36 persons (6.2%) had at least one osteoporotic vertebral fracture; among 516 (88.9%) nonosteoporotics 154 had severe spondylosis, 132 had other spinal disease and 219 had normal findings; 14 persons (2.4%) could not be unequivocally classified. The prevalence of morphometrically assessed vertebral deformities ranged from 7.3% to 19.2% in women and from 3.5% to 16.6% in men, depending on the stringency of the morphometric criteria. The agreement between RDC and morphometric methods was poor. In men, 62-86% of cases with vertebral deformities were classified as nonosteoporotic (severe spondylosis or other spinal disease) by RDC, compared with 31-68% in women. Among these, most had wedge deformities of the thoracic spine. On the other hand, up to 80% of osteoporotic vertebral fractures in men and up to 48% in women were missed by morphometry, in particular endplate fractures at the lumbar spine. In the group with osteoporotic vertebral fractures by RDC the proportion of persons with osteoporosis according to the WHO criteria (T-score < -2.5 SD) was 90.0% in women and 86.6% in men, compared with 67.9-85.0% in women and 20.8-50.0% in men with vertebral deformities by various methods. Although vertebral deformities by most definitions were significantly and inversely related to BMD as a continuous variable in both sexes [OR; 95% CI ranged between (1.70; 1.07-2.70) and (3.69; 1.33-10.25)], a much stronger association existed between BMD and osteoporotic fractures defined by RDC [OR; 95% CI between (4.85; 2.30-10.24) and (15.40; 4.65-51.02)]. In the nonosteoporotic group individuals with severe spondylosis had significantly higher BMD values at the femoral neck (p < 0.01) and lumbar spine (p < 0.0004) compared with the normal group. On the basis of internal (RDC) and external (BMD) validation, we conclude that assessment of vertebral osteoporotic fracture by quantitative methods alone will result in considerable misclassification, especially in men. Criteria for differential diagnosis as used within RDC can be helpful for a standardized subclassification of vertebral deformities in studies of spinal osteoporosis.
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Addiction: mission, modes of working, and maximizing the partnerships. Addiction 1999; 94:5-11. [PMID: 10665081 DOI: 10.1080/09652149932523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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Anterior/posterior influences on neural crest-derived pigment cell differentiation. PIGMENT CELL RESEARCH 1998; 11:189-97. [PMID: 9711533 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0749.1998.tb00729.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The neural crest of vertebrate embryos has been used to elucidate steps involved in early embryonic cellular processes such as differentiation and migration. Neural crest cells form a ridge along the dorsal midline and subsequently they migrate throughout the embryo and differentiate into a wide variety of cell types. Intrinsic factors and environmental cues distributed along the neural tube, along the migratory pathways, and/or at the location of arrest influence the fate of neural crest cells. Although premigratory cells of the cranial and trunk neural crest exhibit differences in their differentiation potentials, premigratory trunk neural crest cells are generally assumed to have equivalent developmental potentials. Axolotl neural crest cells from different regions of origin, different stages of development, and challenged with different culture media have been analyzed for differentiation preferences pertaining to the pigment cell lineages. We report region-dependent differentiation of chromatophores from trunk neural crest at two developmental stages. Also, dosage with guanosine produces region-specific influences on the production of xanthophores from wild-type embryos. Our results support the hypothesis that spatial and temporal differences among premigratory trunk neural crest cells found along the anteroposterior axis influence developmental potentials and diminish the equivalency of axolotl neural crest cells.
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Abstract
Many of the factors and mechanisms guiding the migration/differentiation of neural crest cells that give rise to a number of distinguishable cell types, including all dermal and epidermal pigment cells, remain unknown. The axolotl possesses three pigment cell types that differentiate according to specific developmentally programmed sequences and contribute to pigment pattern in the adult. A single lineage of the crest that becomes restricted to one of three pigment cell types gives us the opportunity to examine the existence of a neural crest stem cell population and the potential for trans-differentiation events. Interpretations of experiments involving drug-treated and mutant axolotls implicate cellular plasticity leading to observed phenotypes. We present results from recent in vitro studies designed to identify parameters influencing differentiation events of individual neural crest-derived pigment cell lineages. We demonstrate that the differentiation of xanthophores is enhanced, while that of the melanophores are inhibited in guanosine-supplemented neural crest cell cultures. Data suggest that the increase in one pigment cell population is at the expense of another, indicative of cellular plasticity. Videomicroscopy used in this study agrees with an abundance of correlative evidence supporting the hypothesis of transdifferentiation events among neural crest-derived pigment cell populations. The embryonic neural crest-derived pigment cell system is an ideal model to study differentiation of multipotential stem cells that play critical roles in patterning.
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Cyclic polysiloxanes in polar LB assemblies: synthesis, evaluation and pyroelectric behaviour. THIN SOLID FILMS 1994; 243:378-383. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-6090(93)04054-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Langmuir-Blodgett films of linear polysiloxanes incorporating aromatic side-chains: structure-property relationships. THIN SOLID FILMS 1994; 242:61-66. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-6090(94)90502-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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[Mutations of RET proto-oncogene in Hirschsprung disease]. COMPTES RENDUS DE L'ACADEMIE DES SCIENCES. SERIE III, SCIENCES DE LA VIE 1994; 317:358-62. [PMID: 8000915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a common condition (1 in 5,000 live births) resulting in intestinal obstruction in neonates and megacolon in infants and adults. This disease has been ascribed to the absence of autonomic ganglion cells, which are derived from the neural crest, in the terminal hindgut. Segregation analyses have suggested incompletely penetrant dominant inheritance in familial HSCR. Recently, a gene for HSCR has been mapped to chromosome 10q11.2. No recombination was observed between the disease locus and the locus for the RET proto-oncogene, a protein tyrosine kinase gene expressed in the cells derived from the neural crest. Here we report on nonsense and missense mutations in the extracellular domain of the RET protein (exons 2, 3, 5 and 6) in 6 unrelated probands and show that the mutant genotypes segregate with the disease in HSCR families. Mutations of RET have been previously reported in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A). Thus, germ-line mutations of the RET gene may contribute either to developmental anomalies in HSCR or to inherited predisposition to cancer in MEN 2A.
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Vision and bold endeavours. ELDERLY CARE 1994; 6:12. [PMID: 7920468 DOI: 10.7748/eldc.6.2.12.s12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Abstract
Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR) is a common condition (1 in 5,000 live births) resulting in intestinal obstruction in neonates and megacolon in infants and adults. This disease has been ascribed to the absence of autonomic ganglion cells, which are derived from the neural crest, in the terminal hindgut. Segregation analyses have suggested incompletely penetrant dominant inheritance in familial HSCR. Recently, a gene for HSCR has been mapped to chromosome 10q11.2 (refs 6, 7). No recombination was observed between the disease locus and the locus for the RET proto-oncogene, a protein tyrosine kinase gene expressed in the cells derived from the neural crest. Here we report nonsense and missense mutations in the extracellular domain of RET protein (exons 2, 3, 5 and 6) in six unrelated probands and show that the mutant genotypes segregate with the disease in HSCR families. Mutations of RET have been previously reported in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A). Thus, germ-line mutations of the RET gene may contribute either to developmental anomalies in HSCR or to inherited predisposition to cancer in MEN 2A.
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Familial recurrence-pattern analysis of cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Am J Hum Genet 1992; 50:270-7. [PMID: 1346481 PMCID: PMC1682459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a common congenital malformation with an incidence in European white populations of about 1/1,000. The familial clustering of CL/P has been extensively characterized, and epidemiological studies have proposed monogenic models (with reduced penetrance), multifactorial/threshold models, and mixed major-gene/multifactorial models to explain its inheritance. The recognition of an association between two RFLPs at the transforming growth factor alpha (TGFA) locus and CL/P supports a major-gene component to the etiology of CL/P. Risch has shown that the recurrence risk ratio lambda R (risk to relatives, vs. population prevalence) is a useful pointer to the mode of inheritance. Here we further develop the use of lambda R to analyze recurrence-risk data for CL/P. Recurrence risks for first-, second-, and third-degree relatives equate well with oligogenic models with as few as four loci. A monogenic/additive model is strongly rejected. The limited available twin data are also consistent with this model. A "major gene" interacting epistatically with an oligogenic background is shown to be a plausible alternative. Power calculations for a linkage study to map the CL/P major-risk locus suggest that a sample of 50 affected sib pairs will be adequate, but linkage to minor-risk loci will require very much larger samples.
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The penalty of success. Interview by Jean Gray. Nurs Stand 1990; 4:18-9. [PMID: 2107416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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A champion of nursing. Interview by Alison Morton-Cooper. NURSING TIMES 1990; 86:22. [PMID: 2296543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Education. Support workers: support--no supplant. NURSING TIMES 1989; 85:53. [PMID: 2928241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Abstract
In brief: Anterior shoulder dislocations occur as a result of indirect as well as direct forces and are common in contact sports. Although diagnosis is usually easy, x-rays should be obtained to confirm the diagnosis and rule out associated fractures. The authors present the guidelines they follow in treating this problem. In addition, they discuss complications that may follow a dislocation or its reduction, including fracture, vascular or neural injury, and recurrent dislocation.
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Education at the crossroads. Three. Who pays the piper. NURSING TIMES 1984; 80:34-5. [PMID: 6564581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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The nucleotide sequence of the cloned rpoD gene for the RNA polymerase sigma subunit from E coli K12. Nucleic Acids Res 1981; 9:2889-903. [PMID: 6269063 PMCID: PMC326900 DOI: 10.1093/nar/9.12.2889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
We have determined the nucleotide sequence of the rpoD gene which codes for the sigma subunit of RNA polymerase from E. coli K12. The gene, which we formerly cloned as a HindIII restriction fragment in the transducing phage, charon 25, was recloned into several plasmids. We have determined a 2600 base pair DNA sequence which includes the entire structural gene for sigma. The resulting amino acid sequence agrees with previous information obtained about sigma including the amino acid composition, partial sequence data for the N-terminus, the highly acidic nature of the polypeptide, and the cleavage pattern at cysteines. The molecular weight of 70,263 daltons calculated for the 613 amino acid polypeptides is significantly lower than had been determined previously by SDS polyacrylamide gel analysis.
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Contribution of growth, fatness, and activity to weight disturbance after septohypothalamic cuts in adult hamsters. JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY 1979; 93:907-18. [PMID: 512100 DOI: 10.1037/h0077624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism responsible for weight stability in adult hamsters was investigated by (a) transecting the dorsoventrally oriented nerve pathways between the septal area and hypothalamus (SH cuts) and (b) partitioning the observed increases in the rate of weight gain into three contributory components: changes in somatic growth, in body fatness, and in energy expended as voluntary activity on horizontal disks. Between 60% and 70% of the weight increase after SH cuts was due to acquisition of lean body mass, and 30%-40% of weight increase consisted of excess body fat. After SH cuts, serum growth hormone and insulin concentrations were increased on Day 14, food intake was increased between Day 2 and Day 42, skeletal lengths were greater on Day 77, and voluntary activity levels were 84% lower on Days 10-45, relative to control hamsters. It is concluded that dorsoventrally oriented nerve pathways in the septal area are involved in the control of growth, maintenance of body fat reserves, and voluntary activity and that they contribute to the maintenance of stable body weight in adult hamsters.
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Rcn Congress: TUC debate. Against: a time to say 'no'. NURSING MIRROR 1979; 148:xi-xii. [PMID: 34830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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38
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Rediscovering the patient. NURSING TIMES 1973; 69:1275-7. [PMID: 4748032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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39
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"Any mistakes are mine". NURSING MIRROR AND MIDWIVES JOURNAL 1969; 129:9-12. [PMID: 5196487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Whittington Hospital: new site for the nursing school. NURSING TIMES 1967; 63:318-20. [PMID: 6018628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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42
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First in the field: Ipswich Civic College; clinical instructors' course. NURSING TIMES 1967; 63:180-181. [PMID: 6016151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Royal Northern Hospital; London--metamorphosis. NURSING TIMES 1966; 62:1581-3. [PMID: 5921963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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44
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[Analysis of di- and polyamines in urine. A chromatographic method for concentration, separation and identification]. J Chromatogr A 1966; 25:48-57. [PMID: 5971559 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(01)98215-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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45
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Westminster Hospital--250 years. NURSING TIMES 1966; 62:45-8. [PMID: 5321770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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46
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Hostesses of Harlow. NURSING TIMES 1966; 62:15-8. [PMID: 5900744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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