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Hamdy A, El-Bassossy HM, Elshazly SM, El-Sayed SS. Rosuvastatin, but not atorvastatin, enhances the antihypertensive effect of cilostazol in an acute model of hypertension. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024; 397:2321-2334. [PMID: 37819392 PMCID: PMC10933198 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02758-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypertensive emergency, a sudden and severe increase in blood pressure, necessitates immediate intervention to avoid end-organ damage. Cilostazol, a selective phosphodiesterase-III inhibitor, has vasodilator effect. Here, we investigated the effect of two commonly used statins, atorvastatin or rosuvastatin, on cilostazol antihypertensive activity in acute model of hypertension. METHODS Hypertensive emergency was induced via angiotensin II intravenous infusion (120 ng.kg-1.min-1). Rats were subjected to real-time arterial hemodynamics and electrocardiogram recording while investigated drugs were injected slowly at cumulative doses 0.5, 1, and 2 mg.kg-1, individually or in combination, followed by baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) analysis and serum electrolytes (Na+ and K+) and vasomodulators (norepinephrine (NE), and nitric oxide (NO)) assessment. RESULTS Cilostazol reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP), while co-injection with rosuvastatin augmented cilostazol SBP-reduction up to 30 mmHg. Compared to atorvastatin, rosuvastatin boosted the cilostazol-associated reduction in peripheral resistance, as evidenced by further decrease in diastolic, pulse, and dicrotic-notch pressures. Rosuvastatin co-injection prevented cilostazol-induced changes of ejection and non-ejection durations. Additionally, rosuvastatin coadministration produced better restoration of BRS, with an observed augmented increase in BRS indexes from spectral analysis. Greater reduction in sympathetic/parasympathetic ratio and serum NE upon rosuvastatin coadministration indicates further shift in sympathovagal balance towards parasympathetic dominance. Additionally, rosuvastatin coinjection caused a greater decrease in serum sodium, while more increase in NO indicating augmented reduction of extracellular volume and endothelial dysfunction. CONCLUSION Rosuvastatin boosted cilostazol's antihypertensive actions through effects on peripheral resistance, BRS, sympathovagal balance, endothelial dysfunction, and electrolytes balance, while atorvastatin did not demonstrate a comparable impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hamdy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Hany M El-Bassossy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Elshazly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa S El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
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El-Sayed SS, Shahin RM, Fahmy A, Elshazly SM. Quercetin ameliorated remote myocardial injury induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion in rats: Role of Rho-kinase and hydrogen sulfide. Life Sci 2021; 287:120144. [PMID: 34785193 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was designated to investigate the means through which quercetin confers its cardioprotective action against remote cardiomyopathy elicited by renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Potential involvement of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and its related mechanisms were accentuated herein. MAIN METHODS In anesthetized male Wistar rats, renal I/R was induced by bilateral renal pedicles occlusion for 30 min (ischemia) followed by 24 h reperfusion. Quercetin (50 mg/kg, gavage) was administered at 5 h post reperfusion initiation and 2 h before euthanasia. Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) inhibitor, amino-oxyacetic acid (AOAA; 10 mg/kg, i.p) was given 30 min prior to each quercetin dose. KEY FINDINGS Quercetin reversed renal I/R induced derangements; as quercetin administration improved renal function and reversed I/R induced histopathological changes in both myocardium and kidney. Further, quercetin enhanced renal CBS content/activity, while mitigated myocardial cystathionine ɤ-lyase (CSE) content/activity as well as myocardial H2S. On the other hand, quercetin augmented myocardial nitric oxide (NO), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its nuclear trasnslocation, glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), reduced glutathione (GSH) and peroxiredoxin-2 (Prx2), while further reduced lipid peroxidation measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), caspase-3 content and activity, and Rho-kinase activity. SIGNIFICANCE Cardioprotective effects of quercetin may be mediated through regulation of Rho-kinase pathway and H2S production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa S El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Rania M Shahin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Fahmy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Shimaa M Elshazly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
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Mohamed RMSM, Elshazly SM, Nafea OE, Abd El Motteleb DM. Comparative cardioprotective effects of carvedilol versus atenolol in a rat model of cardiorenal syndrome type 4. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 394:2117-2128. [PMID: 34398250 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02130-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of chronic kidney disease is escalating; cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) type 4 is gaining a major health concern causing significant morbidity and mortality, putting major burdens on the healthcare system. This study was designed to compare the cardioprotective effects of carvedilol versus atenolol against CRS type 4 induced by subtotal 5/6 nephrectomy in rats and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Immediately after surgery, carvedilol (20 mg/kg/day) or atenolol (20 mg/kg/day) was added to drinking water for 10 weeks. Carvedilol was more effective than atenolol in improving kidney functions, decreasing elevated blood pressures, attenuating cardiac hypertrophy, reducing serum brain natriuretic peptide, and diminished cardiac fibrous tissue deposition. However, carvedilol was equivalent to atenolol in modulating β1-adrenergic receptors (β1ARs) and cardiac diacylglycerol (DAG) signaling, but carvedilol was superior in modulating β-arrestin2, phosphatidyl inositol 4,5 bisphosphates (PIP2), and caspase 3 levels. Carvedilol has superior cardioprotective effects than atenolol in a rat model of CRS type 4. These protective effects are mediated through modulating cardiac β1ARs/β-arrestin2/PIP2/DAG as well as abating cardiac apoptotic signaling pathways (caspase3/pS473 protein kinase B (Akt)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha M S M Mohamed
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Elshazly
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ola E Nafea
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.
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Elshazly SM, Alsemeh AE, Ahmad EAA, Rezq S. CoQ10 exerts hepatoprotective effect in fructose-induced fatty liver model in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:922-934. [PMID: 32157594 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excess dietary sugar is associated with deleterious metabolic effects, liver injury, and coenzyme-Q10 (CoQ10) deficiency. This study investigates the ability of CoQ10 to protect against fructose-induced hepatic damage. METHODS Rats were fed tap water or 30% fructose for 12 weeks with or without CoQ10 (10 mg/kg, po). An additional group of rats were allowed to feed on either water or 30% fructose for 12 weeks, followed by four weeks of treatment with either the vehicle or CoQ10. RESULTS Fructose-fed rats showed lower CoQ10 levels, increased systolic pressure, increased body weight, higher liquid consumption, decreased food intake and hyperglycemia. Fructose-fed rats also showed deteriorated serum and liver lipid profiles, impaired liver function tests and oxidative status, and lower expression of adiponectin receptor 1 and 2 along with higher GLUT-2 levels. Furthermore, following fructose treatment, tyrosine kinase-PI3K pathway was inhibited. Additionally, there was an increase in the levels of apoptotic markers and serum visfatin and a decrease in the levels of adiponectin and soluble receptor of the advanced glycated end product. Consequently, several histopathological changes were detected in the liver. Concurrent or three months post-exposure administration of CoQ10 in fructose rats significantly reversed or attenuated all the measured parameters and hepato-cytoarchitecture alterations. CONCLUSION This study suggests CoQ10 supplement as a possible prophylaxis or treatment candidate for fructose-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa M Elshazly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amira E Alsemeh
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Enssaf A A Ahmad
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Samar Rezq
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. .,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, UMMC, 2500 N state St., Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
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Nasr AM, Rezq S, Shaheen A, Elshazly SM. Renal protective effect of nebivolol in rat models of acute renal injury: role of sodium glucose co-transporter 2. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:956-968. [PMID: 32128711 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00059-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Upregulation of the sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT2) is implicated in acute renal injury (ARI) progression and is regulated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). This study aimed to assess the possible protective effect of nebivolol on renal ischemia/reperfusion (IR) and glycerol-induced ARI targeting SGLT2 via modulating the ERK-HIF1α pathway. METHODS Rats were divided into control, sham, IR or nebivolol-treated group, in which rats were treated with nebivolol (10 mg/kg) for 3 days prior to the induction of IR. The rats were subjected to renal ischemia by bilateral clamping of the pedicles for 45 min, followed by 24 h reperfusion. Another group of rats received the vehicle or nebivolol (10 mg/kg) for 3 days followed by injection of 50% glycerol (8 ml/kg, IM) or saline. Kidney function tests, systolic blood pressure (SBP), oxidative stress markers [malondialdehyde (MDA) and NADPH oxidase] and kidney levels of nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), HIF1α, ERK phosphorylation and PGE2 were determined. Additionally, renal sections were used for histological grading of renal injury and immunological expression of SGLT2. RESULTS ARI rats showed significantly increased SBP, poor kidney function tests, increased oxidative stress, iNOS, NO, HIF1α levels, decreased PGE2 and ERK phosphorylation and upregulation of SGLT2 expression. Nebivolol treatment protected against the kidney damage both on the biochemical and histological levels. CONCLUSION Nebivolol has a direct renoprotective effect, at least in part, by down-regulating SGLT2 possibly via modulating HIF1α, ERK activity and PGE2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Nasr
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Samar Rezq
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. .,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, UMMC, 2500 N State St., Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
| | - Aya Shaheen
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Elshazly
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Elkomy NMIM, Ibrahim IAAEH, El-Fayoumi HM, Elshazly SM. Effect of imidazoline-1 receptor agonists on renal dysfunction in rats associated with chronic, sequential fructose and ethanol administration. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:609-619. [PMID: 31869439 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Insulin resistance and chronic alcoholism are risk factors for renal dysfunction. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of two imidazoline-1 receptor (I1R) agonists on renal dysfunction in rats after chronic, sequential fructose and ethanol administration. Daily drinking water was supplemented with fructose (10%, w/v) for 12 weeks and then with ethanol (20%, v/v) for another 8 weeks. Rats were treated with rilmenidine and clonidine in the last two weeks of the study. Blood glucose and serum insulin (sIns) levels, lipid profiles, kidney function and renal histopathology were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Additionally, renal gene expression of nischarin, phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were measured. Renal levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and total NO (tNO) were detected, and we determined the relative renal gene expression levels of alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), hydroxyproline, interleukin 10 (IL-10), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and caspase-3. The results showed significant deterioration of blood glucose, sIns, lipid profiles, kidney function and renal histopathology in fructose/ethanol-fed rats. Additionally, markers of inflammation, fibrosis, apoptosis and oxidative stress were upregulated. The administration of rilmenidine or clonidine significantly improved blood glucose and sIns levels and reduced renal dysfunction. Our work showed that chronic, sequential fructose and ethanol administration induced fasting hyperglycaemia and renal impairment, and these effects were ameliorated by I1R agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesreen M I M Elkomy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Islam A A E-H Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hassan M El-Fayoumi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kantara Sinai University, Arish, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Elshazly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Rezq S, Nasr AM, Shaheen A, Elshazly SM. Doxazosin down-regulates sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 and exerts a renoprotective effect in rat models of acute renal injury. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2019; 126:413-423. [PMID: 31788938 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) is known to be involved in the progression of acute renal injury (ARI) and is regulated by different mediators in the kidneys including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). In the present study, we investigated the possible protective effect of doxazosin on renal ischaemia/reperfusion (IR) and glycerol-induced ARI by determining its effect on SGLT2 via modifying ERK-HIF1α pathway and/or PGE2. Rats were divided into control, sham or IR where the rats received the vehicle, doxazosin (8 mg/kg) or the SGLT2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin (10 mg/kg) for 3 days followed by 45 minutes bilateral renal ischaemia then 24 hours reperfusion. Another group of rats received the vehicle, doxazosin or dapagliflozin for three days followed by injection of 50% glycerol (8 mL/kg, IM) or saline. Kidney function tests, systolic blood pressure (SBP), oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde [MDA] and NADPH oxidase), nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), HIF1α, ERK phosphorylation and PGE2 levels were determined. Additionally, renal sections were used for immunological expression of SGLT2. ARI rats showed significantly increased SBP; worsened kidney function tests; increased oxidative stress, iNOS, NO, HIF1α levels; and decreased PGE2 and ERK phosphorylation along with up-regulated SGLT2. Doxazosin treatment protected against the kidney damage and attenuated the associated biochemical changes. Doxazosin has a direct renoprotective effect possibly by down-regulating SGLT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Rezq
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Nasr
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Aya Shaheen
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Elshazly
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Soliman E, Behairy SF, El-maraghy NN, Elshazly SM. PPAR-γ agonist, pioglitazone, reduced oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress associated with L-NAME-induced hypertension in rats. Life Sci 2019; 239:117047. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Elshazly SM, Abd El Motteleb DM, Ibrahim IAH. Hesperidin protects against stress induced gastric ulcer through regulation of peroxisome proliferator activator receptor gamma in diabetic rats. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 291:153-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abd El Motteleb DM, Ibrahim IAAEH, Elshazly SM. Sildenafil protects against bile duct ligation induced hepatic fibrosis in rats: Potential role for silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2017; 335:64-71. [PMID: 28974454 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a potential health problem that may end with life-threatening cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. Recent studies point out to the protective effects of silent information regulator1 (SIRT1), against different models of organs fibrosis. This work aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of sildenafil (SIRT1 activator) against hepatic fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL). Firstly, three different doses of sildenafil (5, 10, 20mg/kg/day) were investigated; to detect the most protective one against BDL induced liver dysfunction and hepatic fibrosis. The most protective dose is then used; to study its effect on BDL induced SIRT1 downregulation, imbalance of oxidant/antioxidant status, increased inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis. Sildenafil (20mg/kg/day) was the most protective one, it caused upregulation of SIRT1, reduction of hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content, increase in expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), hemeoxygenease (HO)-1, reduced glutathione (GSH) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Hepatic content of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nuclear factor κB (NFκB) expression & content displayed significant reductions with sildenafil treatment, Furthermore, sildenafil caused marked reductions of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β content, expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), fibronectin, collagen I (α1) and hydroxyproline content. However, sildenafil protective effects were significantly reduced by co-administration of EX527 (SIRT1 inhibitor). Our work showed, for the first time that, sildenafil has promising protective effects against BDL induced liver dysfunction and hepatic fibrosis. These effects may be, in part, mediated by up regulation of SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Islam A A E-H Ibrahim
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Elshazly
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt.
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Elshazly SM, Mahmoud AA, Barakat W. Pentoxifylline abrogates cardiotoxicity induced by the administration of a single high dose or multiple low doses of doxorubicin in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:1170-1177. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) possesses a broad-spectrum antineoplastic activity; however, its clinical application is impeded by cardiotoxicity. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of pentoxifylline (PXF), which possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties against cardiotoxicity induced by a single high dose (15 mg/kg, i.p.) or multiple low doses (2.5 mg/kg, i.p., three times per week for 2 weeks) of DOX. At the end of the experimental period, the serum creatine kinase (CK)-MB and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were measured. The hearts were then removed for evaluating TNF-α, NO, malondialdehyde (MDA), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, and the expression of iNOS, NF-κB, Fas ligand (FasL), and caspase-3. The administration of DOX in both dose regimens caused increases in serum CK-MB and LDH activities, in cardiac TNF-α, NO and MDA levels, as well as in the cardiac expression of iNOS, NF-κB, FasL and caspase-3, whereas it significantly reduced the cardiac GSH level, as well as SOD and CAT activities (P < 0.05). Prophylactic treatment of rats with PXF diminished DOX-induced alterations in theses parameters. Our results warrant the clinical use of PXF as an adjuvant therapy to abrogate cardiotoxicity of DOX and extend its clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa M. Elshazly
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Amr A.A. Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Waleed Barakat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Elshazly SM. Ameliorative effect of nicorandil on high fat diet induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 748:123-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Elshazly SM, El-Moselhy MA, Barakat W. Insights in the mechanism underlying the protective effect of α-lipoic acid against acetaminophen-hepatotoxicity. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 726:116-23. [PMID: 24486394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is one of the most widely used analgesic antipyretic drugs and is a major cause of acute liver failure at overdose. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible protective effect of α-lipoic acid (α-LA, 20 or 100 mg/kg administered simultaneously or after 1.5 h) against APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Administration of APAP (1.5 g/kg i.p.) resulted in elevation of serum ALT and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content, as well as decrease in hepatic glutathione (GSH) content. In addition, elevation in hepatic hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NADPH oxidase expression was observed accompanied with a significant reduction in glutathione synthase and cystathionine-beta-synthase (CβS) expression. Furthermore, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activity was enhanced in APAP-treated rats. Administration of the standard APAP antidote; N-acetylcysteine (NAC, 1200 mg/kg) or α-LA (20 mg/kg), simultaneously or 1.5 h after APAP, ameliorated APAP-induced alterations in liver function, oxidant and inflammatory markers. Importantly, simultaneous administration of NAC or α-LA (20 mg/kg) was more protective than their later administration. However, the beneficial effect of α-LA was lost at higher dose level (100 mg/kg). Taken together, the beneficial effects of α-lipoic acid (20 mg/kg) were comparable to those of NAC which provides a new possible treatment for APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in patients who cannot tolerate NAC. However, careful dose selection is warranted since the beneficial effects of α-LA were lost at higher doses.
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Abstract
The metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and hypertension. It is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and type-2 diabetes. Consumption of fructose is linked to increased prevalence of MS. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a steroid bile acid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activities and has been shown to improve insulin resistance. The current study aims to investigate the effect of UDCA (150 mg/kg) on MS induced in rats by fructose administration (10%) in drinking water for 12 weeks. The effects of UDCA were compared to fenofibrate (100 mg/kg), an agonist of PPAR-α receptors. Treatment with UDCA or fenofibrate started from the 6th week after fructose administration once daily. Fructose administration resulted in significant increase in body weight, elevations of blood glucose, serum insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), uric acid levels, insulin resistance index and blood pressure compared to control rats. Moreover, fructose increased oxidative stress in aortic tissues indicated by significant increases of malondialdehyde (MDA), expression of iNOS and reduction of reduced glutathione (GSH) content. These disturbances were associated with decreased eNOS expression, increased infiltration of leukocytes and loss of aortic vascular elasticity. Treatment with UDCA successfully ameliorated the deleterious effects of fructose. The protective effect of UDCA could be attributed to its ability to decrease uric acid level, improve insulin resistance and diminish oxidative stress in vascular tissues. These results might support possible clinical application of UDCA in MS patients especially those present with liver diseases, taking into account its tolerability and safety. However, further investigations on human subjects are needed before the clinical application of UDCA for this indication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr A. A. Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M. Elshazly
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- * E-mail:
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15
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Elshazly SM, Mahmoud AAA. Antifibrotic activity of hesperidin against dimethylnitrosamine-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2014; 387:559-67. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-014-0968-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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16
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Elshazly SM, Abd El Motteleb DM, Nassar NN. The selective 5-LOX inhibitor 11-keto-β-boswellic acid protects against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats: involvement of redox and inflammatory cascades. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2013; 386:823-33. [PMID: 23771412 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-013-0885-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia induces 5-lipoxygenase (LOX) translocation and leukotriene production in the heart. Leukotrienes increase inflammatory responses aggravating, thereby, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study aimed to investigate whether the selective 5-LOX inhibitor 11-keto-β-boswellic acid (11-keto BA), in three different dose levels, exert a protective effect on myocardial I/R injury in an in vivo rat heart model. Sixty male Wister rats were used in this study and divided into five equal groups (n=12): GP1, sham-operated receiving normal saline; Gp 2, rats were subjected to 45 min left anterior descending coronary artery ligation followed by 4 h reperfusion to serve as I/R group. Gps 3-5 received 11-keto BA in doses 250, 500, 1,000 mg/kg, respectively, via an oral gavage for 7 days then were exposed to I/R. I/R injury induced a significant elevation in myeloperoxidase activity and gene expression of intracellular adhesion molecules, cyclooxygenase-2, 5-lipooxygenasae, nuclear factor kappa-beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, and hemeoxygenease-1 consequently with reduction in glutathione peroxidase in heart tissues. Furthermore, immunohistochemical examination of the heart tissues showed positive immuostaining for both 3-nitrotyrosine and caspase-3 with DNA-ladder formation in all diseased rats. 11-keto BA in three dose levels exerted dose dependent cardioprotective effect manifested by dose-dependent reduction in serum lactate dehydrogenase and infract size through mechanisms related to enhancement of antioxidant capacity and prevention of inflammatory cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa M Elshazly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
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17
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Zaitone SA, Abo-Elmatty DM, Elshazly SM. Piracetam and vinpocetine ameliorate rotenone-induced Parkinsonism in rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2013; 44:774-9. [PMID: 23248410 PMCID: PMC3523508 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.103300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2011] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of the nootropic drugs, piracetam (PIR) and vinpocetine (VIN), in rotenone-induced Parkinsonism in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty male rats were divided into 6 groups of 10 rats each. The groups were administered vehicle, control (rotenone, 1.5 mg/kg/48 h/6 doses, s.c.), PIR (100 and 200 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and VIN (3 and 6 mg/kg/day, p.o.). The motor performance of the rats was evaluated by the open field and pole test. Striatal dopamine level, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were assayed. Histopathological study of the substantia nigra was also done. RESULTS Results showed that rotenone-treated rats exhibited bradykinesia and motor impairment in the open-field test. In addition, GSH level was decreased whereas MDA and TNF-α increased in striata of rotenone-treated rats as compared to vehicle-treated rats. Marked degeneration of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) neurons and depletion of striatal dopamine was also observed in the rotenone-treated rats. Treatment with PIR or VIN significantly reversed the locomotor deficits and increased striatal dopamine level. Treatment with VIN significantly (P<0.05) reduced the striatal level of MDA and GSH in comparison to rotenone group whereas TNF-α production was found to be significantly decreased in PIR group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION VIN and PIR exhibit neuroprotective activity in rotenone-induced Parkinsonism. Hence, these nootropic agents may be considered as possible candidates in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan A Zaitone
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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18
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Ahmed AF, El-Maraghy NN, Ghaney RHA, Elshazly SM. Therapeutic effect of captopril, pentoxifylline, and cordyceps sinensis in pre-hepatic portal hypertensive rats. Saudi J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:182-7. [PMID: 22626797 PMCID: PMC3371420 DOI: 10.4103/1319-3767.96451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Portal hypertension is an important and potentially fatal complication of liver disease whereby cellular and fibrotic alterations manifest to increase portal venous pressure. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of captopril, pentoxifylline (PTX), and cordyceps sinensis in pre-hepatic portal hypertensive rats. SETTINGS AND DESIGN Wistar male rats were divided at random into 3 main groups: the first group: control rats. The second group: sham-operated rats and the third group: prehepatic portal hypertensive rats (PHPHT) induced by regulated pre-hepatic portal vein ligation. After 14 days, Group 3 was subdivided into 5 subgroups. Subgroup (1): portal vein-ligated (PVL) was killed at once; Subgroup (2): received distilled water for 30 days (untreated PVL group); subgroups 3-5 were treated with captopril (60 mg/kg, orally); PTX (100 mg/kg, orally); and C. sinensis (200 mg/kg, orally), respectively, as a single daily dose for 30 days. PATIENTS AND METHODS Portal pressure, nitric oxide (NO), antioxidant enzymes, Liver enzymes, and creatinine levels were measured to evaluate the status of the liver state. RESULTS Portal vein ligation produced significant increments in liver enzymes, NO, creatinine and portal pressure concomitant with significant decrements in glutathione content and superoxide dismutase activity. Treatment with captopril, PTX, and C. sinensis resulted in a significant reduction in liver enzymes, NO, creatinine and portal pressure and observable increase in antioxidant enzymes. CONCLUSIONS captopril, PTX, and C. sinensis have promising effect in controlling PHPHT and reducing hyperdynamic circulatory state through reduction of portal pressure and NO level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed F. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nabila N. El-Maraghy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Shimaa M. Elshazly
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt,Address for correspondence: Dr. Shimaa Mustafa Elshazly, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagizag University, Zagizag, Egypt. E-mail:
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19
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Radaideh MM, Lamki LM, Barron BJ, Elshazly SM. Radionuclide lung imaging in respiratory decompression sickness: potential role in the diagnosis and evaluation of hyperbaric therapy. Clin Nucl Med 2001; 26:320-4. [PMID: 11290892 DOI: 10.1097/00003072-200104000-00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Of the more than 3.5 million trained divers in the United States, many will experience various illnesses specific to divers. Most of these illnesses are related to the changes in absolute pressure that divers experience while diving. During and after ascent, a diver is at risk for decompression sickness and pulmonary barotrauma. A very rare casualty is pulmonary decompression sickness from immersion. This is a literature review and case report of a young woman with acute respiratory decompression sickness who had defects on perfusion lung imaging after a diving accident and after hyperbaric oxygen therapy. However, the perfusion defects reverted to normal in less than 24 hours. Possible explanations for the changes in the appearances of the scans are offered and discussed. This case report shows the potential utility of lung scanning in the diagnostic examination of these patients and the evaluation of the adequacy of treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy. A greater use of ventilation-perfusion lung scans in the treatment of such patients may establish its role more definitely.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Radaideh
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Hermann Hospital, University of Texas-Houston Medical School, 77030, USA.
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20
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Abstract
Brown tumors have been reported to take up TI-201 when dual-tracer parathyroid scintigraphy using TI-201 and Tc-99m pertechnetate was performed. With the change to the more favorable Tc-99m sestamibi parathyroid scanning, similar phenomena of tracer uptake in brown tumors have been reported. The authors describe a 44-year-old man with a left maxillary swelling. Laboratory investigations revealed elevated parathyroid hormone levels. Computed tomography of the head showed a left maxillary expansile mass. Subsequently, a Tc-99m sestamibi scan was performed to rule out a parathyroid adenoma. Left inferior parathyroid retention of the tracer was seen, indicating a parathyroid adenoma. An incidental finding was the uptake of Tc-99m MIBI in the left maxillary brown tumor. This case suggests the utility and possible specificity of Tc-99m MIBI uptake in diagnosing brown tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- I W Gayed
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, LBJ General Hospital, The University of Texas-Houston, Health Science Center, 77026, USA.
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21
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Abstract
A 47-year-old woman with a history of end-stage renal disease and hyperparathyroidism after total parathyroidectomy had Tc-99m sestamibi imaging to identify possible ectopic parathyroid tissue. This study was prompted by increasing calcium and parathyroid hormone levels after several years of taking calcium supplements necessitated by a surgically induced hypoparathyroid state and end-stage renal disease. The scan showed persistent linear activity in the upper right mediastinum in delayed images, after washout of the thyroid had occurred. Because of the unusual configuration of this finding, investigation of the patient's clinical history and other imaging studies was undertaken. The authors concluded that the unusual mediastinal uptake was not hyperactive parathyroid tissue, but rather was attributed to the presence of central venous pacemaker wires. Thus, this case illustrates a potential pitfall in parathyroid sestamibi imaging, the uptake of which may increase in the presence of a cardiac pacemaker, and it emphasizes the importance of correlative imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Granato
- University of Texas Medical School-Houston and Memorial Hermann Hospital, Department of Radiology, 77030, USA
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- I W Gayed
- Department of Radiology, L.B.J. General Hospital, University of Texas--Houston, Health Science Center, 77026, USA.
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