1
|
[Therapeutic efficacy analysis of endoscopic combined with serological diagnosis strategy and endoscopic in G1 and G2 gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 2024; 46:326-334. [PMID: 38644268 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20231219-00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the endoscopic combined serological diagnosis strategy for G1 and G2 gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (G-NENs), and to evaluate the safety, short-term, and long-term efficacy of two endoscopic treatment procedures: endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 100 consecutive patients with G-NENs who were hospitalized at the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from January 2011 to October 2023. These patients underwent endoscopic treatment, and propensity score matching (PSM) was used to compare clinicopathological characteristics, as well as short-term and long-term efficacy of lesions in the EMR group and ESD group before and after treatment. Results: Among the 100 patients with G-NENs, the median age was 54 years old. Before surgery, 29 cases underwent endoscopic combined serological examination, and 24 of them (82.2%) had abnormally elevated plasma chromogranin A. The combined diagnostic strategy for autoimmune atrophic gastritis (AIG) achieved a diagnostic accuracy of 100%(22/22). A total of 235 G-NEN lesions were included, with 84 in the ESD group and 151 in the EMR group. The median size of the lesions in the ESD group (5.0 mm) was significantly larger than that in the EMR group (2.0 mm, P<0.001). Additionally, the ESD group had significantly more lesions with pathological grade G2[23.8%(20/84) vs. 1.3%(2/151), P<0.001], infiltration depth reaching the submucosal layer [78.6%(66/84) vs. 51.0%(77/151), P<0.001], and more T2 stage compared to the EMR group[15.5%(13/84) vs. 0.7%(1/151), P<0.001]. After PSM, 49 pairs of lesions were successfully matched between the two groups. Following PSM, there were no significant differences in the en bloc resection rate [100.0%(49/49) vs. 100.0%(49/49)], complete resection rate [93.9%(46/49) vs. 100.0%(49/49)], and complication rate [0(0/49) vs. 4.1%(2/49)] between the two groups. During the follow-up period, no recurrence or distant metastasis was observed in any of the lesions in both groups. Conclusions: The combination of endoscopy and serology diagnostic strategy has the potential to enhance the accuracy of diagnosing G1 and G2 stage G-NENs and their background mucosa. Endoscopic resection surgery (EMR, ESD) is a proven and safe treatment approach for G1 and G2 stage G-NENs.
Collapse
|
2
|
Asiaticoside ameliorates DSS-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting inflammatory response, protecting intestinal barrier and regulating intestinal microecology. Phytother Res 2024; 38:2023-2040. [PMID: 38384110 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of the most prevalent inflammatory bowel diseases and poses a serious threat to human health. Currently, safe and effective preventive measures are unavailable. In this study, the protective effects of asiaticoside (AS) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice and the underlying molecular mechanism were investigated. In this experiment, colitis was induced in mice with DSS. Subsequently, the role of AS in colitis and its underlying mechanisms were examined using H&E staining, immunofluorescence staining, western blot, Elisa, FMT, and other assays. The results showed that AS significantly attenuated the related symptoms of DSS-induced colitis in mice. In addition, AS inhibited the activation of signaling pathways TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK reduced the release of inflammatory factors, thereby attenuating the inflammatory response in mice. AS administration also restored the permeability of the intestinal barrier by increasing the levels of tight junction-associated proteins (claudin-3, occludin, and ZO-1). In addition, AS rebalanced the intestinal flora of DSS-treated mice by increasing the diversity of the flora. AS can alleviate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by maintaining the intestinal barrier, thus inhibiting the signaling pathways TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK activation, reducing the release of inflammatory factors, and regulating intestinal microecology.
Collapse
|
3
|
Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG Improves Periodontal Bone Repair via Gut-Blood Axis in Hyperlipidemia. J Dent Res 2024; 103:253-262. [PMID: 38197171 DOI: 10.1177/00220345231217402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontal bone regeneration remains a clinical challenge, and hyperlipidemia can aggravate alveolar bone resorption. Probiotics have recently been reported to improve bone mass. We aimed to determine the role of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) in periodontal bone regeneration improvement within the context of periodontitis with hyperlipidemia. A Sprague Dawley rat model for periodontitis, hyperlipidemia, and periodontal fenestration defect was constructed (n = 36) and administered LGG gavage for 6 wk (the rats were subsequently sacrificed). Fecal microbiota from donor rats 3 wk after LGG gavage was transplanted into recipient rats to evaluate the role of LGG-modulated gut microbiota in periodontal bone regeneration. Regenerated bone mass was detected using micro-computerized tomography and hematoxylin and eosin stain. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Serum metabolites were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (6 wk after LGG gavage). The pro-osteogenic effects of screened serum metabolite were verified in vitro on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). We found that the bone mineral density, bone volume (BV), trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), and trabecular thickness of the regenerated periodontal bone increased after LGG gavage (P < 0.05) but had little effect on oral flora. After LGG gavage, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium, and Collinsella in the gut of donors were significantly changed, and these differences were maintained in recipients, who also showed increased trabecular thickness of the regenerated periodontal bone (P < 0.05). These key genera were correlated with BV/TV and BV (P < 0.05). In addition, LGG gavage significantly regulated bone-related blood metabolites, of which selenomethionine promoted BMMSC osteogenesis. Notably, selenomethionine was associated with key gut genera (P < 0.05). Collectively, LGG improved periodontal bone regeneration in the context of periodontitis with hyperlipidemia by modulating gut microbiota and increasing pro-osteogenic metabolites in the blood. These results reveal new insights into the use of probiotics to promote periodontal bone regeneration via the gut-blood-bone axis.
Collapse
|
4
|
The pathogenicity and immune effects of different generations of Mycoplasma synoviae on chicken embryos. Br Poult Sci 2024; 65:19-27. [PMID: 38018666 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2287733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
1. Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) is the primary causative agent of synovitis in avian species. In order to investigate the pathogenicity and immunological responses associated with MS in specific pathogen-free chicken embryos, a series of generations (F1, F95, F120, F160 and F200) of MS were introduced into 7-day-old SPF chicken embryos and subsequent mortality rates were recorded and analysed2. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect expression of heat shock proteins HSP27, HSP40, HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90 and inflammatory factors interleukin (IL)-1β, caspase-1 and IL-18 in the tracheal tissue.3. The results showed that the mortality rate of SPF chicken embryos decreased with an increase in the number of passages, with the highest being 80% (8/10) for F1 generation and the lowest being 10% (1/10) for F200. The expression of HSP27, IL-1β, HSP40, caspase-1, HSP70 and HSP90 showed a significant downregulation trend with an increase in the generation (except IL-18; P < 0.05). The HSP60 expression was significantly upregulated with increasing generations (P < 0.05).4. A relationship between pathogenicity and the number of passages was observed and the decrease in pathogenicity appeared to be associated with HSP and genes related to inflammatory factors. The present work offers a scientific foundation for screening potential MS strains that might be employed to develop attenuated vaccines.
Collapse
|
5
|
Fufangxiaopi formula alleviates DSS-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting inflammatory reaction, protecting intestinal barrier and regulating intestinal microecology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117365. [PMID: 38380568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Fufangxiaopi Formula (FF) is a modified form of Sishen Wan, traditionally used for treating diarrhea. The application of FF for treating ulcerative colitis (UC) has achieved desirable outcomes in clinical settings. However, the underlying mechanism of the effect of FF on UC is yet to be determined. AIM OF STUDY This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect and underlying mechanism of FF on mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS In vivo, the efficacy of FF on the symptoms associated with DSS-induced colitis in mice was clarified by observing the body weight change, colon length, DAI score, and H&E staining. The release of inflammatory mediators in mouse colon tissues was detected by ELISA and MPO, and the contents of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway-related proteins, as well as intestinal barrier-related proteins, were detected in mouse colon tissues by western blot method. Changes in the content of barrier proteins in mouse colon tissues were detected by immunofluorescence. 16S rRNA sequencing and FMT were performed to clarify the effects of FF on intestinal flora. In vitro, the effect of FF-containing serum on LPS-induced inflammatory mediator release from RAW264.7 cells were detected by qRT-PCR. The contents of TLR4/NF The effects of FF-containing serum on B signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway related proteins in RAW264.7 cells and intestinal barrier related proteins in Caco-2 cells were detected by western blot. The effects of FF-containing serum on LPS-induced nuclear translocation of p65 protein in RAW264.7 cells and barrier-associated protein in Caco-2 cells were detected by immunofluorescence. RESULTS In vivo studies showed that FF could significantly alleviate the symptoms of UC, including reducing colon length, weight loss, clinical score, and colon tissue injury in mice. FF could significantly reduce the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by suppressing the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Moreover, FF could protect the integrity of intestinal barriers by significantly increasing claudin-3, occludin, and ZO-1 expression levels. 16S rRNA sequencing and FMT elucidate that FF can alleviate symptoms associated with colitis in mice by interfering with intestinal flora. In vitro studies showed that FF drug-containing serum could significantly inhibit proinflammatory responses and attenuate the secretion of iNOS, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and COX-2 by suppressing the activation of TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, FF could protect the Caco-2 cell epithelial barrier. CONCLUSION FF could alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice by maintaining the intestinal barrier, inhibiting the activation of TLR4/NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, reducing the release of proinflammatory factors, and regulating intestinal microecology.
Collapse
|
6
|
Production of transgenic periclinal chimeras in pumpkin - a tool for revealing cell fates of L1 meristem. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024; 26:126-139. [PMID: 37975550 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Genetic engineering is commonly used to improve the agronomic traits of crops. However, genetic transformation in pumpkin remains a challenge. Conducting transformation trials, we accidentally created transgenic L1 periclinal chimeras in pumpkins. Using our modified Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, we generated transgenic L1 periclinal chimeras which have high value in research on development of the meristem. Fluorescence observations of transformed L1 cells enabled us to reveal cell fates. These L1 cells can develop into stomata, epidermal hairs, seed coat, and epidermis of the root, stem, leaf, flower, and fruit. These periclinal chimeras can be propagated vegetatively with minimal risk of transgene flow. This study offers new perspectives on development of the meristem and a promising technique for creating transgenic periclinal chimeras in plants.
Collapse
|
7
|
Suicidal ideation and associated risk factors among COVID-19 patients. QJM 2023; 116:966-967. [PMID: 37632781 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
|
8
|
Multidetector CT-derived tricuspid annulus measurements predict tricuspid regurgitation reduction after transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:779-788. [PMID: 37574402 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM To use multidetector row computed tomography (MDCT)-derived tricuspid annulus (TA) measurements to identify predictors for tricuspid regurgitation (TR) reduction after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), and to investigate the impact of TR change on prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective, single-centre study was conducted on consecutive patients who underwent TAVR with concomitant baseline mild or more severe TR from April 2012 to April 2022. TA parameters were measured using MDCT. RESULTS The study comprised 266 patients (mean age 74.2 ± 7.6 years, 147 men) and 45.1% had more than one grade of TR reduction at follow-up. Independent predictors of TR reduction at follow-up were distance between TA centroid and antero-septal commissure (odd ratio [OR] 0.776; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.672-0.896, p=0.001), baseline TR of moderate or worse (OR 4.599; 95% CI: 2.193-9.648, p<0.001), systolic pulmonary artery pressure (OR 1.018; 95% CI: 1.002-1.035, p=0.027), age (OR 0.955; 95% CI: 0.920-0.993, p=0.019), and pre-existing atrial fibrillation (OR 0.209; 95% CI: 0.101-0.433, p<0.001). Patients without TR reduction had higher rates of rehospitalisation (hazard ratio [HR] 0.642; 95% CI: 0.413-0.998, p=0.049). CONCLUSIONS The MDCT-derived TA parameter was predictive of TR reduction after TAVR. Persistent TR after TAVR was associated with higher rates of rehospitalisation.
Collapse
|
9
|
Intercellular Mechanisms of Therapeutic Resistance at the Tumor-Stromal Interface Using Ultra High-Plex Single-Cell Spatial Transcriptomics and Genetically-Engineered Tumoroids. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S101-S102. [PMID: 37784270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) There is a major gap in knowledge regarding how intercellular interactions in the tumor microenvironment (TME) mediate therapeutic resistance. Achievement of this goal has been limited by a lack of (1) spatial context in dissociated single-cell methods; (2) single-cell resolution in spatial profiling approaches; (3) high quality data and yield with FFPE patient specimens; and (4) computational methods for ligand-receptor analyses that consider both gene expression and spatial coordinates. MATERIALS/METHODS We developed an innovative spatial biology paradigm that combines cutting-edge experimental and computational methods to enable high-resolution, spatially-guided discovery of critical mediators of therapeutic resistance. We applied this approach to dissect the single-cell spatial transcriptomic landscape of untreated vs. chemoradiotherapy-treated primary human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC; n = 21) using ultra-high plex spatial molecular imaging (SMI) optimized for high-sensitivity, subcellular detection of up to 6000 gene transcripts in FFPE sections-an order of magnitude greater than contemporary methods. RESULTS We recovered over 1,000,000 high-quality single cells in situ representing more than 20 distinct cell types, including epithelial, immune, endothelial, endocrine, and diverse stromal cells. We developed an optimal transport-based computational method to infer cell-cell communication at the cancer-stromal interface. Treatment with chemoradiotherapy was associated with the largest increase in fibroblast-malignant interactions. Comparing the SMI data with orthogonal single-nucleus RNA-sequencing and digital spatial profiling data, we identified CLCF1-CNTFR as the fibroblast-malignant interaction most associated with resistance to chemoradiotherapy in PDAC. CLCF1 is a gp130-family cytokine that activates Jak-STAT signaling and acts as a potent neurotrophic factor. Notably, the CLCF1-CNTRF (fibroblast-malignant) interaction has prominent pro-oncogenic effects in lung adenocarcinoma and an engineered CNTFR decoy receptor with therapeutic potential has been developed. To functionally validate the role of the CLCF1-CNTFR (fibroblast-malignant) interaction in mediating resistance to cytotoxic therapy, we created CRISPR-engineered cancer-fibroblast tumoroids and modulated expression of this ligand-receptor pair. Pancreatic cancer cell viability in the presence of 5-fluorouracil was better maintained with increased CLCF1-CNTFR signaling. CONCLUSION In this study, we integrated ultra high-plex single-cell spatial transcriptomics, optimal transport ligand-receptor predictions, and genetically-engineered stromal tumoroids to identify and validate CLCF1-CNTFR as an important intercellular mechanism of resistance to chemoradiotherapy in PDAC-pioneering a paradigm for translating single-cell spatial biology to clinical oncology.
Collapse
|
10
|
Erratum to: Hybrid Exercise Program Enhances Physical Fitness and Reverses Frailty in Older Adults: Insights and Predictions from Machine Learning. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:903. [PMID: 38216223 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-2004-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
|
11
|
Erratum: Global Polarization of Ξ and Ω Hyperons in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV [Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 162301 (2021)]. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:089901. [PMID: 37683178 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.089901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.162301.
Collapse
|
12
|
[Preliminary experience of transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement using domestic balloon-expandable valve]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2023; 51:825-831. [PMID: 37583330 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20230608-00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility and preliminary clinical results of transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR) with the domestically-produced balloon-expandable Prizvalve system. Methods: This is a prospective single-center observational study. Patients with postoperative right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) dysfunction, who were admitted to West China Hospital of Sichuan University from September 2021 to March 2023 and deemed anatomically suitable for TPVR with balloon-expandable valve, were included. Clinical, imaging, procedural and follow-up data were analyzed. The immediate procedural results were evaluated by clinical implant success rate, which is defined as successful valve implantation with echocardiography-assessed pulmonary regurgitation
Collapse
|
13
|
[Endoscopic hand-suturing combined with titanium clips for rectal defects closure after endoscopic submucosal dissection: a pilot study]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 2023; 45:697-703. [PMID: 37580276 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20230216-00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the feasibility of endoscopic hand-suturing (EHS) for rectal defects closure after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and the clinical practicability of EHS combined with titanium clips. Methods: This is a prospective study performed by two experienced endoscopists from the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences who had received EHS training in sixporcine gastric ESD defects in vivo before the study. From December 2022 to February 2022, 20 patients with rectal mucosal lesions or submucosal diseases underwent ESD. Then EHS combined with titanium clips was adopted to close the rectal ESD defects. Specifically, we first sutured the defects as much as possible through EHS, then use titanium clips to fix the tail of the suture, and finally use additional titanium clips to close the residual parts of the defects that cannot be sutured. The main observational indicators were complete closure of the wound and delayed bleeding within one month after surgery. Results: In the 20 rectal cases, the size of defects ranged from 2.2 to 3.6 cm, with a median of 2.7 cm. All cases achieved complete closure without delayed bleeding, of which 12 (60.0%) were completely sutured with EHS and 8 (40.0%) required additional titanium clips to achieve complete closure after suturing. Conclusion: EHS technique is feasible and safe for rectum. EHS combined with titanium clips can also effectively close the rectal ESD defects, prevent postoperative delayed bleeding, and may be easier to be implemented in clinical practice.
Collapse
|
14
|
[Risk factors analysis and prediction model construction of submucosal deep infiltration of early colorectal tumor]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 2023; 45:613-620. [PMID: 37462018 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20211201-00886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the risk factors for the development of deep infiltration in early colorectal tumors (ECT) and to construct a prediction model to predict the development of deep infiltration in patients with ECT. Methods: The clinicopathological data of ECT patients who underwent endoscopic treatment or surgical treatment at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from August 2010 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The independent risk factors were analyzed by multifactorial regression analysis, and the prediction models were constructed and validated by nomogram. Results: Among the 717 ECT patients, 590 patients were divided in the within superficial infiltration 1 (SM1) group (infiltration depth within SM1) and 127 patients in the exceeding SM1 group (infiltration depth more than SM1). There were no statistically significant differences in gender, age, and lesion location between the two groups (P>0.05). The statistically significant differences were observed in tumor morphological staging, preoperative endoscopic assessment performance, vascular tumor emboli and nerve infiltration, and degree of tumor differentiation (P<0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that only erosion or rupture (OR=4.028, 95% CI: 1.468, 11.050, P=0.007), localized depression (OR=3.105, 95% CI: 1.584, 6.088, P=0.001), infiltrative JNET staging (OR=5.622, 95% CI: 3.029, 10.434, P<0.001), and infiltrative Pit pattern (OR=2.722, 95% CI: 1.347, 5.702, P=0.006) were independent risk factors for the development of deep submucosal infiltration in ECT. Nomogram was constructed with the included independent risk factors, and the nomogram was well distinguished and calibrated in predicting the occurrence of deep submucosal infiltration in ECT, with a C-index and area under the curve of 0.920 (95% CI: 0.811, 0.929). Conclusion: The nomogram prediction model constructed based on only erosion or rupture, local depression, infiltrative JNET typing, and infiltrative Pit pattern has a good predictive efficacy in the occurrence of deep submucosal infiltration in ECT.
Collapse
|
15
|
Betulinaldehyde inhibits vascular remodeling by regulating the microenvironment through the PLCγ1/Ca 2+/MMP9 pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154891. [PMID: 37229891 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular remodeling plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Unfortunately, current drug therapies offer limited relief for vascular remodeling. Therefore, the development of innovative therapeutic strategies or drugs that target vascular remodeling is imperative. Betulinaldehyde (BA) is a triterpenoid with diverse biological activities, but its effects on vascular remodeling remain unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the role of BA in vascular remodeling and its mechanism of action, providing valuable information for future applications of BA in the treatment of CVDs. METHODS Network pharmacology was used to predict the key targets of BA in vascular remodeling. The effect of BA on vascular remodeling was assessed in a rat model of balloon injury using hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson staining, immunohistochemistry staining, and Western blotting. A phenotypic transformation model of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) was induced by platelet-derived growth factor-BB, and the functional impacts of BA on VSMCs were assessed via CCK-8, EdU, Wound healing, Transwell, and Western blotting. Finally, after manipulation of phospholipase C gamma1 (PLCγ1) expression, Western blotting and Ca2+ levels determination were performed to investigate the potential mechanism of action of BA. RESULTS The most key target of BA in vascular remodeling, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), was identified through network pharmacology screening. Vascular remodeling was alleviated by BA in vivo and its effects were associated with decreased MMP9 expression. In vitro studies indicated that BA inhibited VSMC proliferation, migration, phenotypic transformation, and downregulated MMP9 expression. Additionally, BA decreased PLCγ1 expression and Ca2+ levels in VSMCs. However, after pretreatment with a phospholipase C agonist, BA's effects on down-regulating the expression of PLCγ1 and Ca2+ levels were inhibited, while the expression of MMP9 increased compared to that in the BA treatment group. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the critical role of BA in vascular remodeling. These findings revealed a novel mechanism whereby BA mediates its protective effects through MMP9 regulation by inhibiting the PLCγ1/Ca2+/MMP9 signaling pathway. Overall, BA may potentially be developed into a novel medication for CVDs and may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for improving recovery from CVDs by targeting MMP9.
Collapse
|
16
|
Modifiable predictors of type 2 diabetes mellitus and roles of insulin resistance and β-cell function over a 6-year study and 30-year follow-up. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:883-891. [PMID: 36219314 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01932-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine the modifiable predictors of T2DM and the roles of insulin resistance (IR) and β-cell function over a 6-year study and 30-year follow-up. METHODS A total of 462 non-diabetic participants, 282 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and 180 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) were enrolled in this analysis. The Matsuda IR index and area under the curve of insulin-to-glucose ratio (AUCI/G-R) were used as IR and β-cell function indices in the analysis. RESULTS In all participants, multivariable analysis showed that BMI, glucose status, Matsuda IR index and systolic blood pressure (SBP) at baseline were independently associated with an increased risk of T2DM over 30 years, whereas lifestyle intervention and AUCI/G-R were inversely associated with this risk. The predictive effect of the Matsuda IR index and AUCI/G-R in participants with IGT was consistent with the results of all participants, whereas in those with NGT, only the Matsuda IR index, not the AUCI/G-R, predicted the development of T2DM (HR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.07-1.89 vs HR = 1.09, 95% CI 0.76-1.56). The predictive effect of the Matsuda IR index on T2DM existed even in participants with BMI < 25 (p = 0.049). CONCLUSION The modifiable predictors of T2DM in Chinese adults were high BMI, hypertension, mild hyperglycaemia, IR, and β-cell dysfunction. Both IR and β-cell function contributed to the development of T2DM in the long term; however, IR remains the initial and long-standing key risk factor for T2DM.
Collapse
|
17
|
[Risk factors for residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic noncurable resection of early colorectal cancer]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 2023; 45:335-339. [PMID: 37078215 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20210126-00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Risk factors related to residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic non-curative resection of early colorectal cancer were analyzed to predict the risk of residual cancer or lymph node metastasis, optimize the indications of radical surgical surgery, and avoid excessive additional surgical operations. Methods: Clinical data of 81 patients who received endoscopic treatment for early colorectal cancer in the Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from 2009 to 2019 and received additional radical surgical surgery after endoscopic resection with pathological indication of non-curative resection were collected to analyze the relationship between various factors and the risk of residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic resection. Results: Of the 81 patients, 17 (21.0%) were positive for residual cancer or lymph node metastasis, while 64 (79.0%) were negative. Among 17 patients with residual cancer or positive lymph node metastasis, 3 patients had only residual cancer (2 patients with positive vertical cutting edge). 11 patients had only lymph node metastasis, and 3 patients had both residual cancer and lymph node metastasis. Lesion location, poorly differentiated cancer, depth of submucosal invasion ≥2 000 μm, venous invasion were associated with residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic (P<0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that poorly differentiated cancer (OR=5.513, 95% CI: 1.423, 21.352, P=0.013) was an independent risk factor for residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic non-curative resection of early colorectal cancer. Conclusions: For early colorectal cancer after endoscopic non-curable resection, residual cancer or lymph node metastasis is associated with poorly differentiated cancer, depth of submucosal invasion ≥2 000 μm, venous invasion and the lesions are located in the descending colon, transverse colon, ascending colon and cecum with the postoperative mucosal pathology result. For early colorectal cancer, poorly differentiated cancer is an independent risk factor for residual cancer or lymph node metastasis after endoscopic non-curative resection, which is suggested that radical surgery should be added after endoscopic treatment.
Collapse
|
18
|
[Spatial clustering analysis of scarlet fever incidence in China from 2016 to 2020]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:644-648. [PMID: 37202202 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.04.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence trend and spatial clustering characteristics of scarlet fever in China from 2016 to 2020 to provide evidence for development of regional disease prevention and control strategies. METHODS The incidence data of scarlet fever in 31 provinces and municipalities in mainland China from 2016 to 2020 were obtained from the Chinese Health Statistics Yearbook and the Public Health Science Data Center led by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.The three-dimensional spatial trend map of scarlet fever incidence in China was drawn using ArcGIS to determine the regional trend of scarlet fever incidence.GeoDa spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to explore the spatial aggregation of scarlet fever in China in recent years. RESULTS From 2016 to 2020, a total of 310 816 cases of scarlet fever were reported in 31 provinces, municipalities directly under the central government and autonomous regions, with an average annual incidence of 4.48/100 000.The reported incidence decreased from 4.32/100 000 in 2016 to 1.18/100 000 in 2020(Z=103.47, P < 0.001).The incidence of scarlet fever in China showed an obvious regional clustering from 2016 to 2019(Moran's I>0, P < 0.05), but was randomly distributed in 2020(Moran's I>0, P=0.16).The incidence of scarlet fever showed a U-shaped distribution in eastern and western regions of China, and increased gradually from the southern to northern regions.Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Hebei and Gansu provinces had the High-high (H-H) clusters of scarlet fever in China. CONCLUSION Scarlet fever still has a high incidence in China with an obvious spatial clustering.For the northern regions of China with H-H clusters of scarlet fever, the allocation of health resources and public health education dynamics should be strengthened, and local scarlet fever prevention and control policies should be made to contain the hotspots of scarlet fever.
Collapse
|
19
|
[Spatial distribution of cognitive dysfunction and its risk factors in Chinese population aged 45 years and above]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2023; 43:611-619. [PMID: 37202198 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.04.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the spatial distribution of the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction and its risk factors in Chinese population aged 45 years and above to provide evidence for formulating regional prevention and control strategies. METHODS The study subjects with complete cognitive function data were selected from the follow-up data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) Phase IV. ArcGis 10.4 software was used for spatial analysis of the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction in the population aged 45 years and above for each province based on the geographic information system (GIS) technology. RESULTS In 2018, the overall prevalence of cognitive dysfunction was 33.59% (5951/17716) in individuals aged 45 and above in China. Global spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated a spatial clustering and a positive autocorrelation (P < 0.001) of the prevalence of cognitive dysfunction in the study subjects, with a Moran's I value of 0.333085. The results of local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the southwestern region of China was the main aggregation area of patients with cognitive dysfunction. Geographically weighted regression analysis suggested that a male gender, an advanced age, and illiteracy were the major risk factors for cognitive dysfunction (P < 0.05). These 3 risk factors showed a spatial distribution heterogeneity with greater impact in the northern, western, and northwestern regions of China, respectively. CONCLUSION The prevalence of cognitive dysfunction is relatively high in individuals aged 45 years and above in China. A male gender, an advanced age, and illiteracy are the major risk factors for cognitive dysfunction and show different spatial distribution patterns, with the northern, western and northwestern regions of China as the key areas for prevention and control, where the prevention and control measures should be designed based on local conditions.
Collapse
|
20
|
14MO Updated efficacy and safety of taletrectinib in patients (pts) with ROS1+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(23)00268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
|
21
|
[Effect of hemoperfusion on protein energy wasting and long-term prognosis in patients on maintenance hemodialysis]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2023; 103:559-565. [PMID: 36822866 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220925-02022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the effect of hemoperfusion (HP) combined with hemodialysis (HD) (HD+HP) on protein energy wasting (PEW) and long-term prognosis in patients on maintenance HD (MHD). Methods: A prospective multicenter cohort study was conducted. Adult MHD patients who completed PEW assessment and underwent regular dialysis between July 2015 and July 2021 at 23 hemodialysis centers in Guizhou Province were selected. Demographic characteristics, physical indicators, laboratory indicators, 3-day diet diary and HP treatment data of the subjects were collected. The patients were divided into different groups according to the presence or absence of HP, the frequency of HP treatment and the type of cartridge, and then relevant indicators were compared. Multivariate logistic regression model and Cox proportional regression model were used to analyze the influence of HP treatment on PEW risk in MHD patients. Meanwhile, Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot the survival curve. Results: A total of 4 623 MHD patients (2 789 males and 1 834 females) aged (53.7±15.9) years were included in the study, with a median dialysis age of 64.3 (44.3, 92.3) months. There were 3 429 (74.2%) MHD patients treated with HD+HP, and 1 194 patients (25.8%) were not treated with HP. According to the 2008 diagnostic criteria of the International Society for Renal Nutrition and Metabolism (ISRNM), the incidence of PEW was 26.0% (1 204/4 623). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female (OR=2.48, 95%CI: 1.55-3.95, P<0.001), diabetes (OR=1.75, 95%CI: 1.08-2.83, P=0.024) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (OR=1.02, 95%CI: 1.01-1.03, P=0.003) were risk factors for PEW, while treatment with HD+HP (OR=0.51, 95%CI: 0.31-0.87, P=0.012) and elevated triglyceride levels (OR=0.62, 95%CI: 0.48-0.80, P<0.001) were protective factors. Cox hazard ratio regression showed that among different HP treatment frequencies and cartridge types, 2 times/month (HR=0.40, 95%CI: 0.17-0.95, P=0.037), 3 times/month (HR=0.44, 95%CI: 0.23-0.85, P=0.014), 4 times/month (HR=0.54, 95%CI: 0.34-0.85, P=0.008), HA130 (HR=0.57, 95%CI: 0.36-0.89, P=0.014) and HA230 (HR=0.30, 95%CI: 0.15-0.63, P=0.001) had protective effects on the occurrence of PEW in MHD patients. The all-cause mortality rate was 11.3% (521/4 623) at 33 (24, 48) months of follow-up. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients undergoing 4 times/month HP treatment (χ2=36.78, P<0.001) and using HA230 (χ2=9.46, P=0.002) had the highest survival rate. Conclusion: Treatment with HD+HP is a protective factor for PEW in patients with MHD, and 4 times/month HP treatment or HA230 significantly reduces the risk of PEW and all-cause mortality in patients with MHD.
Collapse
|
22
|
Soil Erosion Characteristics and Scenario Analysis in the Yellow River Basin Based on PLUS and RUSLE Models. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1222. [PMID: 36673979 PMCID: PMC9858744 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Soil erosion is an important global environmental issue that severely affects regional ecological environment and socio-economic development. The Yellow River (YR) is China's second largest river and the fifth largest one worldwide. Its watershed is key to China's economic growth and environmental security. In this study, six impact factors, including rainfall erosivity (R), soil erosivity (K), slope length (L), slope steepness (S), cover management (C), and protective measures (P), were used. Based on the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) model, and combined with a geographic information system (GIS), the temporal and spatial distribution of soil erosion (SE) in the YR from 2000 to 2020 was estimated. The patch-generating land use simulation (PLUS) model was used to simulate the land-use and land-cover change (LUCC) under two scenarios (natural development and ecological protection) in 2040; the RUSLE factor P was found to be associated with LUCC in 2040, and soil erosion in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) in 2040 under the two scenarios were predicted and evaluated. This method has great advantages in land-use simulation, but soil erosion is greatly affected by rainfall and slope, and it only focuses on the link between land-usage alteration and SE. Therefore, this method has certain limitations in assessing soil erosion by simulating and predicting land-use change. We found that there is generally slight soil erosivity in the YRB, with the most serious soil erosion occurring in 2000. Areas with serious SE are predominantly situated in the upper reaches (URs), followed by the middle reaches (MRs), and soil erosion is less severe in the lower reaches. Soil erosion in the YRB decreased 11.92% from 2000 to 2020; thus, soil erosion has gradually reduced in this area over time. Based on the GIS statistics, land-use change strongly influences SE, while an increase in woodland area has an important positive effect in reducing soil erosion. By predicting land-use changes in 2040, compared to the natural development scenario, woodland and grassland under the ecological protection scenario can be increased by 1978 km2 and 2407 km2, respectively. Soil erosion can be decreased by 6.24%, indicating the implementation of woodland and grassland protection will help reduce soil erosion. Policies such as forest protection and grassland restoration should be further developed and implemented on the MRs and URs of the YR. Our research results possess important trend-setting significance for soil erosion control protocols and ecological environmental protection in other large river basins worldwide.
Collapse
|
23
|
Hybrid Exercise Program Enhances Physical Fitness and Reverses Frailty in Older Adults: Insights and Predictions from Machine Learning. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:894-902. [PMID: 37960913 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1991-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The declining physical condition of the older adults is a pressing issue. Wu Qin Xi exercise, despite being low-intensity, is highly effective among older adults. Inspired by its characteristics, we designed a new exercise program for frail older adults, combining strength, endurance, and Wu Qin Xi. Furthermore, we employed machine learning to predict whether frailty can be reversed in older adults after the intervention. METHODS A total of 181 community-dwelling frail older adults aged 65 years or older participated in this single-center, randomized controlled study, with 54.7% (n=99) being female. The study assessed the effectiveness of several exercise modalities in reversing frailty. The Fried's frailty criterion was used to assess the degree of frailty of the subjects. Participants were assigned a three-digit code 001-163 and randomly assigned (1:1:1) by computer to three different groups based on the study participant number: the Wu Qin Xi group (WQX), the strength exercise mixed with endurance exercise training group (SE), and the WQXSE hybrid exercise group incorporated the above two. Body composition and frailty-related physical fitness factors were measured before and after a 24-week intervention. The measurements included Body height, Body mass, Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT), grip strength assessment (GS), 6min walk test (6 min WT), and 10 m maximum walk speed (10 m MWS). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA to determine group and time interaction effects and machine learning models were used to predict program effectiveness. RESULTS A total of 163 participants completed the study, with 53.9% (n=88) of them being female. The two items, 10 m maximum walking speed (10 m MWS) and grip strength, were significantly affected by the interaction of group and time. Compared to the other two groups, the WQXSE group showed the most improvement in the item 10 m MWS. In addition, following 24 weeks of training, 68 (41.7%) of the initially frail older adults had reversed their frailty status. Among them, 19 (36.5%) were in the WQX group, 24 (44.4%) were in the WQXSE group, and 25 (43.9%) were in the SE group. The stacking model exhibited superior performance when compared to other algorithms. CONCLUSION A hybrid exercise regimen comprising the Wu Qin Xi routine and exercises focused on both strength and endurance holds the potential to yield greater improvements in the physical fitness of older adults, as well as reducing frailty. Leveraging a stacking model, it is possible to forecast the likelihood of older adults successfully reversing their frailty status following participation in a prevention exercise program.
Collapse
|
24
|
High Dietary Zinc Intake Is Associated with Shorter Leukocyte Telomere Length, Mediated by Tumor Necrosis Factor-α: A Study of China Adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:904-910. [PMID: 37960914 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1992-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diet can influence peripheral leukocyte telomere length (LTL), and various micronutrients have been reported to correlate with it. Zinc is known for its antioxidant properties and immunomodulatory effects. However, there are few epidemiological investigations on the relationship between dietary zinc intake and LTL. This study analyzed the association between dietary zinc and LTL and the potential role of inflammation and oxidative stress among them. DESIGN Cross-sectional and community-based study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS 599 participants from rural communities in the Changping suburb of Beijing, China, were recruited. MEASUREMENTS Serum lipid profile, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), oxidative stress marker, and inflammatory cytokines levels were measured. Detailed dietary data were obtained using a 24 h food recall. LTL was assessed using a real-time PCR assay. Spearman analysis, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and general linear regression models were used to determine the association between dietary zinc intake and LTL. Simple regulatory models were also applied to analyze the role of inflammation and oxidative stress among them. RESULTS A total of 482 subjects were ultimately included in this analysis. Spearman analysis showed that dietary zinc intake and zinc intake under energy density were negatively correlated with LTL (r=-0.142 and -0.126, all P <0.05) and positively correlated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (r=0.138 and 0.202, all P <0.05) while only dietary zinc without energy adjustment had a positive correlation with superoxide dismutase (SOD). RCS (P for non-linearity=0.933) and multiple linear regression (B=-0.084, P=0.009) indicated a negative linear association between dietary zinc and LTL. The adjustment of TNF-α rather than SOD could abolish the relationship. The mediation model suggested that the unfavorable effect of dietary zinc on LTL was mediated by TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS High dietary zinc may correlate with telomere attrition, and TNF-α can act as a mediator in this relationship. In the future, more extensive cohort studies are needed to further explore the relationship between dietary zinc and cellular aging and the specific mechanisms.
Collapse
|
25
|
Collision-System and Beam-Energy Dependence of Anisotropic Flow Fluctuations. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:252301. [PMID: 36608250 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.252301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Elliptic flow measurements from two-, four-, and six-particle correlations are used to investigate flow fluctuations in collisions of U+U at sqrt[s_{NN}]=193 GeV, Cu+Au at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV and Au+Au spanning the range sqrt[s_{NN}]=11.5-200 GeV. The measurements show a strong dependence of the flow fluctuations on collision centrality, a modest dependence on system size, and very little if any, dependence on particle species and beam energy. The results, when compared to similar LHC measurements, viscous hydrodynamic calculations, and trento model eccentricities, indicate that initial-state-driven fluctuations predominate the flow fluctuations generated in the collisions studied.
Collapse
|
26
|
Natural Polyphenols for Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248810. [PMID: 36557939 PMCID: PMC9787795 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent and serious gastrointestinal malignancy with high mortality and morbidity. Chemoprevention refers to a newly emerged strategy that uses drugs with chemopreventive properties to promote antioxidation, regulate cancer cell cycle, suppress proliferation, and induce cellular apoptosis, so as to improve cancer treatment outcomes. Natural polyphenols are currently recognized as a class of chemopreventive agents that have shown remarkable anticarcinogenic properties. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have elucidated the anti-CRC mechanisms of natural polyphenols, such as regulation of various molecular and signaling pathways. Natural polyphenols are also reportedly capable of modulating the gut microbiota and cancer stem cells (CSCs) to suppress tumor formation and progression. Combined use of different natural polyphenols is recommended due to their low bioavailability and instability, and combination treatment can exert synergistical effects, reduce side effects, and avoid drug resistance in CRC treatment. In summary, the application of polyphenols in the chemoprevention and treatment of CRC is promising. Further clinical evaluation of their effectiveness is warranted and anticipated.
Collapse
|
27
|
Value of genomics- and radiomics-based machine learning models in the identification of breast cancer molecular subtypes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:1394. [PMID: 36660694 PMCID: PMC9843333 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background In the era of precision therapy, early classification of breast cancer (BRCA) molecular subtypes has clinical significance for disease management and prognosis. We explored the accuracy of machine learning (ML) models for early classification of BRCA molecular subtypes through a systematic review of the literature currently available. Methods We retrieved relevant studies published in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science until 15 April 2022. A prediction model risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST) was applied for the assessment of risk of bias of a genomics-based ML model, and the Radiomics Quality Score (RQS) was simultaneously used to evaluate the quality of this radiomics-based ML model. A random effects model was adopted to analyze the predictive accuracy of genomics-based ML and radiomics-based ML for Luminal A, Luminal B, Basal-like or triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). The PROSPERO of our study was prospectively registered (CRD42022333611). Results Of the 38 studies were selected for analysis, 14 ML models were based on gene-transcriptomic, with only 4 external validations; and 43 ML models were based on radiomics, with only 14 external validations. Meta-analysis results showed that c-statistic values of the ML based on radiomics for the identification of BRCA molecular subtypes Luminal A, Luminal B, Basal-like or TNBC, and HER2 were 0.76 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.60-0.96], 0.78 (95% CI: 0.69-0.87), 0.89 (95% CI: 0.83-0.91), and 0.83 (95% CI: 0.81-0.86), respectively. The c-statistic values of ML based on the gene-transcriptomic analysis cohort for the identification of the previously described BRCA molecular subtypes were 0.96 (95% CI: 0.93-0.99), 0.96 (95% CI: 0.93-0.99), 0.98 (95% CI: 0.95-1.00), and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.96-0.98) respectively. Additionally, the sensitivity of the ML model based on radiomics for each molecular subtype ranged from 0.79 to 0.85, while the sensitivity of the ML model based on gene-transcriptomic was between 0.92 and 0.99. Conclusions Both radiomics and gene transcriptomics produced ideal effects on BRCA molecular subtype prediction. Compared with radiomics, gene transcriptomics yielded better prediction results, but radiomics was simpler and more convenient from a clinical point of view.
Collapse
|
28
|
221O Induction chemotherapy regimen of docetaxel plus cisplatin vs docetaxel, cisplatin plus fluorouracil followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Preliminary results of a phase III multicenter randomized controlled trial. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
|
29
|
186P Degradation of BRCA2 expression by hyperthermia sensitizes HRD-negative (BRCA2 wild-type) ovarian cancer cells to niraparib. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
|
30
|
Symptom burden, psychological distress, and symptom management status in hospitalized patients with advanced cancer: a multicenter study in China. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100595. [PMID: 36252435 PMCID: PMC9808454 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management of physical symptoms and psychological distress of cancer patients is an important component of cancer care. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the symptom burden, psychological distress, and management status of hospitalized patients with advanced cancer in China and explore the potential influencing factors of undertreatment and non-treatment of symptoms. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 2930 hospitalized patients with advanced cancer (top six types of cancer in China) were recruited from 10 centers all over China. Patient-reported MD Anderson Symptom Inventory, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scales and symptom management-related information were collected and linked with the patient's clinical data. The proportion of patients reporting moderate-to-severe (MS) symptoms and whether they were currently well managed were examined. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to explore the factors correlated to undertreatment and non-treatment of symptoms. RESULTS About 27% of patients reported over three MS symptoms, 16% reported over five, and 9% reported over seven. Regarding psychological distress, the prevalence of HADS-anxiety was 29% and that of PHQ-9 depression was 11%. Sixty-one percent of patients have at least one MS symptom without any treatment. Sex [odds ratio (OR) = 2.238, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.502-3.336], Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG; OR = 0.404, 95% CI 0.241-0.676), and whether currently undergoing anticancer treatment (OR = 0.667, 95% CI 0.503-0.886) are the main factors correlated with the undertreatment of symptoms. Age (OR = 1.972, 95% CI 1.263-3.336), sex (OR = 0.626, 95% CI 0.414-0.948), ECOG (OR = 0.266, 95% CI 0.175-0.403), whether currently undergoing anticancer treatment (OR = 0.356, 95% CI 0.249-0.509), and comorbidity (OR = 0.713, 95% CI 0.526-0.966) are the main factors correlated with the non-treatment of symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that hospitalized patients with advanced cancer had a variety of physical and psychological symptoms but lacked adequate management and suggests that a complete symptom screening and management system is needed to deal with this complex problem.
Collapse
|
31
|
[Clinical significance of autoantibodies against ubiquitin carboxyl hydrolase L1 epitopes in the screening and diagnosis of Sjögren syndrome]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2022; 102:2590-2595. [PMID: 36058683 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20220311-00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To study the clinical significance of autoantibodies against different ubiquitin carboxyl hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) epitopes in Sjogren syndrome (SS). Methods: The serum levels of different UCH-L1 epitope autoantibodies in 98 SS patients [SS group, 17 males and 81 females, aged (49.1±12.3) years] in the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Peking University People's Hospital from January 2017 to January 2020 and 37 healthy controls [control group, 6 males and 31 females, aged (46.3±5.8) years] were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Three potential epitopes of UCH-L1 protein were analyzed and synthesized and anti-UCH-L1203-214 and anti-UCH-L158-69 antibodies were studied between the two groups. The levels of the two anti-UCH-L1 antibodies in the two groups were compared. The correlation between the levels of UCH-L1 antibodies and clinical data of SS patients were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The serum levels of anti-UCH-L1203-214 and anti-UCH-L158-69 antibody in SS patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (HCs) (anti-UCH-L1203-214: 108.2±54.3 vs 78.9±25.8, P<0.001, anti-UCH-L158-69: 86.8±33.3 vs 60.4±21.5, P<0.001). The positive rates of anti-UCH-L1203-214 and anti-UCH-L158-69 antibodies in serums of SS patients were 27.6 % (27/98) and 25.5% (25/98), and those in HCs were 2.7%(1/37) and 5.4 %(2/37), respectively. In SS patients with positive serum anti-UCH-L158-69 antibody, the levels of IgG, γ globulin and rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-SS-related antigen B (anti-SSB) antibody positive rate were all significantly higher than those in patients with negative antibody (all P<0.05). In SS patients with negative antinuclear antibody (ANA), anti-RNA binding protein (anti-RNP) antibody, anti-SS-related antigen A (anti-SSA) antibody and anti-SSB antibody, the positive rates of anti-UCH-L1203-214 antibody was 32.1%(9/28), 27.2%(25/92), 36.4%(12/33), 28.6%(18/63), respectively; and the positive rates of anti-UCH-L158-69 antibody was 21.4%(6/28), 30.4%(28/92), 30.3%(10/33), 20.6%(13/63), respectively. The level of serum anti-UCH-L1203-214 antibody in SS patients was positively correlated with the IgA level (r=0.21, P=0.024). The level of anti-UCH-L158-69 antibody in SS patients was positively correlated with the levels of γ-globulin, IgG and RF (r=0.35, 0.33, 0.32, all P<0.01). Conclusion: Autoantibodies against UCH-L1 epitopes are correlated with some clinical parameters of SS patients, which is of promising significance in the screening and diagnosis of SS.
Collapse
|
32
|
Evidence for Nonlinear Gluon Effects in QCD and Their Mass Number Dependence at STAR. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:092501. [PMID: 36083674 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.092501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The STAR Collaboration reports measurements of back-to-back azimuthal correlations of di-π^{0}s produced at forward pseudorapidities (2.6<η<4.0) in p+p, p+Al, and p+Au collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV. We observe a clear suppression of the correlated yields of back-to-back π^{0} pairs in p+Al and p+Au collisions compared to the p+p data. The observed suppression of back-to-back pairs as a function of transverse momentum suggests nonlinear gluon dynamics arising at high parton densities. The larger suppression found in p+Au relative to p+Al collisions exhibits a dependence of the saturation scale Q_{s}^{2} on the mass number A. A linear scaling of the suppression with A^{1/3} is observed with a slope of -0.09±0.01.
Collapse
|
33
|
[Progress in the study of antiviral activity of cepharanthine against SARS-CoV-2]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2022; 42:955-956. [PMID: 35790449 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.06.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
As a member of the dibenzyl isoquinoline alkaloid family, cepharathine is an alkaloid from the traditional Chinese medicine cepharathine, which is mainly used for treatment of leukopenia and other diseases. Recent studies of the inhibitory effect of cepharathine against SARS-CoV-2 have attracted widespread attention and aroused heated discussion. As the original discoverer of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of cepharanthine, here we briefly summarize the discovery of cepharanthine and review important progress in relevant studies concerning the discovery and validation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of cepharathine, its antiviral mechanisms and clinical trials of its applications in COVID-19 therapy.
Collapse
|
34
|
[Establishment and clinical validation of an artificial intelligence YOLOv51 model for the detection of precancerous lesions and superficial esophageal cancer in endoscopic procedure]. ZHONGHUA ZHONG LIU ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY] 2022; 44:395-401. [PMID: 35615795 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20211126-00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To construct the diagnostic model of superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and precancerous lesions in endoscopic images based on the YOLOv5l model by using deep learning method of artificial intelligence to improve the diagnosis of early ESCC and precancerous lesions under endoscopy. Methods: 13, 009 endoscopic esophageal images of white light imaging (WLI), narrow band imaging (NBI) and lugol chromoendoscopy (LCE) were collected from June 2019 to July 2021 from 1, 126 patients at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, including low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, ESCC limited to the mucosal layer, benign esophageal lesions and normal esophagus. By computerized random function method, the images were divided into a training set (11, 547 images from 1, 025 patients) and a validation set (1, 462 images from 101 patients). The YOLOv5l model was trained and constructed with the training set, and the model was validated with the validation set, while the validation set was diagnosed by two senior and two junior endoscopists, respectively, to compare the diagnostic results of YOLOv5l model and those of the endoscopists. Results: In the validation set, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the YOLOv5l model in diagnosing early ESCC and precancerous lesions in the WLI, NBI and LCE modes were 96.9%, 87.9%, 98.3%, 88.8%, 98.1%, and 98.6%, 89.3%, 99.5%, 94.4%, 98.2%, and 93.0%, 77.5%, 98.0%, 92.6%, 93.1%, respectively. The accuracy in the NBI model was higher than that in the WLI model (P<0.05) and lower than that in the LCE model (P<0.05). The diagnostic accuracies of YOLOv5l model in the WLI, NBI and LCE modes for the early ESCC and precancerous lesions were similar to those of the 2 senior endoscopists (96.9%, 98.8%, 94.3%, and 97.5%, 99.6%, 91.9%, respectively; P>0.05), but significantly higher than those of the 2 junior endoscopists (84.7%, 92.9%, 81.6% and 88.3%, 91.9%, 81.2%, respectively; P<0.05). Conclusion: The constructed YOLOv5l model has high accuracy in diagnosing early ESCC and precancerous lesions in endoscopic WLI, NBI and LCE modes, which can assist junior endoscopists to improve diagnosis and reduce missed diagnoses.
Collapse
|
35
|
Measurements of Proton High-Order Cumulants in sqrt[s_{NN}]=3 GeV Au+Au Collisions and Implications for the QCD Critical Point. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:202303. [PMID: 35657878 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.202303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report cumulants of the proton multiplicity distribution from dedicated fixed-target Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3.0 GeV, measured by the STAR experiment in the kinematic acceptance of rapidity (y) and transverse momentum (p_{T}) within -0.5<y<0 and 0.4<p_{T}<2.0 GeV/c. In the most central 0%-5% collisions, a proton cumulant ratio is measured to be C_{4}/C_{2}=-0.85±0.09 (stat)±0.82 (syst), which is 2σ below the Poisson baseline with respect to both the statistical and systematic uncertainties. The hadronic transport UrQMD model reproduces our C_{4}/C_{2} in the measured acceptance. Compared to higher energy results and the transport model calculations, the suppression in C_{4}/C_{2} is consistent with fluctuations driven by baryon number conservation and indicates an energy regime dominated by hadronic interactions. These data imply that the QCD critical region, if created in heavy-ion collisions, could only exist at energies higher than 3 GeV.
Collapse
|
36
|
Measurements of _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H Lifetimes and Yields in Au+Au Collisions in the High Baryon Density Region. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:202301. [PMID: 35657899 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.202301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report precision measurements of hypernuclei _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H lifetimes obtained from Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3.0 GeV and 7.2 GeV collected by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, and the first measurement of _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H midrapidity yields in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3.0 GeV. _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H, being the two simplest bound states composed of hyperons and nucleons, are cornerstones in the field of hypernuclear physics. Their lifetimes are measured to be 221±15(stat)±19(syst) ps for _{Λ}^{3}H and 218±6(stat)±13(syst) ps for _{Λ}^{4}H. The p_{T}-integrated yields of _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H are presented in different centrality and rapidity intervals. It is observed that the shape of the rapidity distribution of _{Λ}^{4}H is different for 0%-10% and 10%-50% centrality collisions. Thermal model calculations, using the canonical ensemble for strangeness, describes the _{Λ}^{3}H yield well, while underestimating the _{Λ}^{4}H yield. Transport models, combining baryonic mean-field and coalescence (jam) or utilizing dynamical cluster formation via baryonic interactions (phqmd) for light nuclei and hypernuclei production, approximately describe the measured _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H yields. Our measurements provide means to precisely assess our understanding of the fundamental baryonic interactions with strange quarks, which can impact our understanding of more complicated systems involving hyperons, such as the interior of neutron stars or exotic hypernuclei.
Collapse
|
37
|
60P Machine learning based on blood biomarkers predicts fast progression in advanced NSCLC patients treated with immunotherapy. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
|
38
|
Safety and Efficacy of RP1 + Nivolumab in Patients with Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer of the Head and Neck: Results From IGNYTE Phase 1/2 Multi-Cohort Clinical Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
39
|
Probing the Gluonic Structure of the Deuteron with J/ψ Photoproduction in d+Au Ultraperipheral Collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:122303. [PMID: 35394314 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.122303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding gluon density distributions and how they are modified in nuclei are among the most important goals in nuclear physics. In recent years, diffractive vector meson production measured in ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) at heavy-ion colliders has provided a new tool for probing the gluon density. In this Letter, we report the first measurement of J/ψ photoproduction off the deuteron in UPCs at the center-of-mass energy sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV in d+Au collisions. The differential cross section as a function of momentum transfer -t is measured. In addition, data with a neutron tagged in the deuteron-going zero-degree calorimeter is investigated for the first time, which is found to be consistent with the expectation of incoherent diffractive scattering at low momentum transfer. Theoretical predictions based on the color glass condensate saturation model and the leading twist approximation nuclear shadowing model are compared with the data quantitatively. A better agreement with the saturation model has been observed. With the current measurement, the results are found to be directly sensitive to the gluon density distribution of the deuteron and the deuteron breakup process, which provides insights into the nuclear gluonic structure.
Collapse
|
40
|
[A case of transcaval transcatheter aortic valve replacement]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2022; 50:292-294. [PMID: 35340150 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20211210-01063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
|
41
|
Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect via Charge-Dependent Azimuthal Correlations Relative to Spectator and Participant Planes in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:092301. [PMID: 35302834 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.092301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The chiral magnetic effect (CME) refers to charge separation along a strong magnetic field due to imbalanced chirality of quarks in local parity and charge-parity violating domains in quantum chromodynamics. The experimental measurement of the charge separation is made difficult by the presence of a major background from elliptic azimuthal anisotropy. This background and the CME signal have different sensitivities to the spectator and participant planes, and could thus be determined by measurements with respect to these planes. We report such measurements in Au+Au collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. It is found that the charge separation, with the flow background removed, is consistent with zero in peripheral (large impact parameter) collisions. Some indication of finite CME signals is seen in midcentral (intermediate impact parameter) collisions. Significant residual background effects may, however, still be present.
Collapse
|
42
|
[Preliminary clinical experience of the novel transcatheter aortic valve system Prizvalve ® for the treatment of severe aortic stenosis]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2022; 50:137-141. [PMID: 35172457 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20211030-00937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with the novel Prizvalve® system in treating severe aortic stenosis. Methods: This is a single-center, prospective, single-arm, observational study. A total of 11 patients with severe aortic stenosis with high risk or inappropriate for conventional surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) were included, and TAVI was achieved with the Prizvalve® system between March 2021 and May 2021 in West China Hospital. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed immediately after prosthesis implantation to evaluate mean transaortic gradient and maximal transaortic velocity. The device success rate was calculated, which was defined as (1) the device being delivered via the access, deployed, implanted and withdrawn, (2) mean transaortic gradient<20 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) or a maximal transaortic velocity<3 m/s post TAVI, and without severe aortic regurgitation or paravalvular leak post TAVI. TTE was performed at 30 days after the surgery, and all-cause mortality as well as the major cardiovascular adverse events (including acute myocardial infarction, disabling hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke) up to 30 days post TAVI were analyzed. Results: The age of 11 included patients were (78.1±6.3) years, with 8 males. A total of 10 patients were with NYHA functional class Ⅲ or Ⅳ. Devices were delivered via the access, deployed, implanted and withdrawn successfully in all patients. Post-implant mean transaortic gradient was (7.55±4.08) mmHg and maximal transaortic velocity was (1.78±0.44) m/s, and both decreased significantly as compared to baseline levels (both P<0.05). No severe aortic regurgitation or paravalvular leak was observed post TAVI. Device success was achieved in all the 11 patients. No patient died or experienced major cardiovascular adverse events up to 30 days post TAVI. Mean transaortic gradient was (9.45±5.07) mmHg and maximal transaortic velocity was (2.05±0.42) m/s at 30 days post TAVI, which were similar as the values measured immediately post TAVI (both P>0.05). Conclusions: TAVI with the Prizvalve® system is a feasible and relatively safe procedure for patients with severe aortic stenosis and at high risk or inappropriate for SAVR. Further clinical studies could be launched to obtain more clinical experience with Prizvalve® system.
Collapse
|
43
|
IGNYTE: A Phase 1/2 Multi-Cohort Clinical Trial of RP1 ± Nivolumab in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Other Solid Tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.10.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
44
|
Analysis of one-year postoperative mortality and risk factors of elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures after PFNA. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:1557-1562. [DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_109_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
45
|
Finite element analysis of optimal design of distal geometry of cementless femoral prosthesis. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:1476-1483. [DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1888_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
46
|
De novo assembly and transcriptome characterization: Novel insights into the mechanisms of primary ovarian cancer in Microtus fortis. Mol Med Rep 2021; 25:64. [PMID: 34958106 PMCID: PMC8767550 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural incidence of primary epithelial ovarian cancer (OVC) in adult female voles of some established strains of Microtus fortis is relatively high. M. fortis OVC has some pathological similarities to human epithelial OVC, therefore M. fortis represents the latest and most valuable animal model for studying human OVC. The lack of available genetic information for M. fortis limits the use of common immunological methods; thus, high-throughput sequencing technologies have been used to reveal the mechanisms of primary OVC in M. fortis. The individuals with cancer were diagnosed using histopathologic hematoxylin and eosin staining. The present study used RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) technology to establish a de novo assembly of the M. fortis transcriptome produced 339,830 unigenes by the short reads assembly program Trinity. Comparisons were made between OVC and healthy ovarian tissue (OV) and between fallopian tube cancer (FTC) and healthy fallopian tube (FT) tissues using RNA-seq analysis. A total of 3,434 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in OVC tissue compared with OV tissue using RNA-Seq by Expectation-Maximization software, including 1,950 significantly upregulated and 1,484 significantly downregulated genes. There were 2,817 DEGs identified in the FTC tissues compared with the FT tissue, including 1,762 significantly upregulated and 1,055 significantly downregulated genes. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that upregulated transcripts in the OVC vs. OV groups were involved in cell growth and proliferation-associated pathways, whereas the downregulated DEGS in the OVC vs. OV groups were enriched in steroid biosynthesis-related pathways. Furthermore, the tumor suppressor gene, p53, was downregulated in the FTC and OVC compared with the FT and OV groups, respectively; whereas, genes that promoted cell migration, such as Ras-related protein Rap-1b, Ras homolog family member A and RAC1, were upregulated. In summary, to the best of our knowledge, the present study characterized the M. fortis de novo transcriptome of OV and FT tissues and to perform RNA-seq quantification to analyze the differences in healthy and cancerous OV and FT tissues. These results identified pathways that differed between cancerous and healthy M. fortis tissues. Analysis of these pathways may help to reveal the pathogenesis of primary OVC in M. fortis in future work.
Collapse
|
47
|
Measurement of the Sixth-Order Cumulant of Net-Proton Multiplicity Distributions in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=27, 54.4, and 200 GeV at RHIC. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:262301. [PMID: 35029466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.262301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
According to first-principle lattice QCD calculations, the transition from quark-gluon plasma to hadronic matter is a smooth crossover in the region μ_{B}≤T_{c}. In this range the ratio, C_{6}/C_{2}, of net-baryon distributions are predicted to be negative. In this Letter, we report the first measurement of the midrapidity net-proton C_{6}/C_{2} from 27, 54.4, and 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The dependence on collision centrality and kinematic acceptance in (p_{T}, y) are analyzed. While for 27 and 54.4 GeV collisions the C_{6}/C_{2} values are close to zero within uncertainties, it is observed that for 200 GeV collisions, the C_{6}/C_{2} ratio becomes progressively negative from peripheral to central collisions. Transport model calculations without critical dynamics predict mostly positive values except for the most central collisions within uncertainties. These observations seem to favor a smooth crossover in the high-energy nuclear collisions at top RHIC energy.
Collapse
|
48
|
A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Effect of Oral Exercises on Masticatory Function. J Dent Res 2021; 101:515-525. [PMID: 34836460 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211050326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current systematic review was to summarize and to evaluate the available information on the effectiveness of oral exercise in improving the masticatory function of people ≥18 y. Electronic databases (Medline, Embase, CENTRAL) and gray literatures were searched (up to December 2020) for relevant randomized and nonrandomized controlled clinical trials. Two reviewers independently conducted the study selection, data extraction, and quality assessments. Meta-analysis was conducted for the comparison of bite force and masticatory performance using mean difference (MD) and standardized mean difference (SMD), respectively. GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) assessment was adopted for collective grading of the overall body of evidence. Of the 1,576 records identified, 18 studies (21 articles) were included in the analysis. Results of meta-analysis indicated that oral exercise could significantly improve the mean bite force of the participants (parallel comparison: MD, 41.2; 95% CI, 11.6-70.7, P = 0.006; longitudinal comparison: MD, 126.5; 95% CI, 105.2-144.9, P < 0.001). However, the improvement in masticatory performance was not significant (parallel comparison: SMD, 0.11; 95% CI, -0.20 to 0.42, P = 0.48; longitudinal comparison: SMD, 0.4; 95% CI, -0.11 to 0.91, P = 0.13). Results of meta-regression showed that greater improvements in bite force can be achieved among younger adults and with more intensive exercise. Chewing exercise is the most effective oral exercise, followed by clenching exercise, while simple oral exercise may not have a significant effect. Based on the results of the meta-analysis and GRADE assessment, a weak recommendation for people with declined masticatory function to practice oral exercise is made.
Collapse
|
49
|
[Secondary hypertension due to isolated renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia: a case report]. ZHONGHUA XIN XUE GUAN BING ZA ZHI 2021; 49:1020-1022. [PMID: 34674440 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20201120-00922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
|
50
|
The decrease of endothelial progenitor cells caused by high altitude may lead to coronary heart disease. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2021; 25:6101-6108. [PMID: 34661270 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202110_26888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and coronary heart disease (CHD). PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 24 patients with CHD were chosen from Lanzhou City and Xianyang City, and then, 24 healthy controls who matched the CHD group in gender, age and address were chosen as control group. C-reactive protein (CRP) and c-reaction protein (hs-CRP) were detected. The levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), homocysteine (Hcy), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1α) and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1α) were detected. RESULTS The number of EPCs in control groups was both increased compared with CHD group (p<0.05). The number of EPCs in Xianyang control group was increased compared with Lanzhou control group (p<0.05). Compared with the control group, the levels of TC, LDL and CRP in the CHD group were higher (p<0.05). Compared with Lanzhou control group, Hcy level was decreased in Lanzhou CHD group (p<0.05). Compared with Xianyang control group, the levels of IL-8 and VEGF were increased, but the levels of HIF-1α and Hcy were decreased in the Xianyang CHD group (p<0.05). The expressions of IL-8, VEGF, Hcy and HIF-1α were increased in Lanzhou control group than the Xianyang control group (p<0.05). In Lanzhou CHD group, Spearman correlation analysis showed that the number of EPCs was negatively related to hs-CRP content (r=-0.631, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The decrease of EPCs caused by high altitude may increase the expressions of various cytokines, leading to the occurrence of CHD.
Collapse
|