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Shimbo D, Cohen MT, McGoldrick M, Ensari I, Diaz KM, Fu J, Duran AT, Zhao S, Suls JM, Burg MM, Chaplin WF. Translational Research of the Acute Effects of Negative Emotions on Vascular Endothelial Health: Findings From a Randomized Controlled Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032698. [PMID: 38690710 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Provoked anger is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease events. The underlying mechanism linking provoked anger as well as other core negative emotions including anxiety and sadness to cardiovascular disease remain unknown. The study objective was to examine the acute effects of provoked anger, and secondarily, anxiety and sadness on endothelial cell health. METHODS AND RESULTS Apparently healthy adult participants (n=280) were randomized to an 8-minute anger recall task, a depressed mood recall task, an anxiety recall task, or an emotionally neutral condition. Pre-/post-assessments of endothelial health including endothelium-dependent vasodilation (reactive hyperemia index), circulating endothelial cell-derived microparticles (CD62E+, CD31+/CD42-, and CD31+/Annexin V+) and circulating bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (CD34+/CD133+/kinase insert domain receptor+ endothelial progenitor cells and CD34+/kinase insert domain receptor+ endothelial progenitor cells) were measured. There was a group×time interaction for the anger versus neutral condition on the change in reactive hyperemia index score from baseline to 40 minutes (P=0.007) with a mean±SD change in reactive hyperemia index score of 0.20±0.67 and 0.50±0.60 in the anger and neutral conditions, respectively. For the change in reactive hyperemia index score, the anxiety versus neutral condition group by time interaction approached but did not reach statistical significance (P=0.054), and the sadness versus neutral condition group by time interaction was not statistically significant (P=0.160). There were no consistent statistically significant group×time interactions for the anger, anxiety, and sadness versus neutral condition on endothelial cell-derived microparticles and endothelial progenitor cells from baseline to 40 minutes. CONCLUSIONS In this randomized controlled experimental study, a brief provocation of anger adversely affected endothelial cell health by impairing endothelium-dependent vasodilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Shimbo
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | | | | | - Ipek Ensari
- Department of Artificial Intelligence and Human Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Health at Mount Sinai New York NY USA
| | - Keith M Diaz
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Jie Fu
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Andrea T Duran
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA
| | - Jerry M Suls
- Institute for Health System Science, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research/Northwell Health New York NY USA
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2
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Gao SH, Wang GZ, Wang LP, Feng L, Zhou YC, Yu XJ, Liang F, Yang FY, Wang Z, Sun BB, Wang D, Liang LJ, Xie DW, Zhao S, Feng HP, Li X, Li KK, Tang TS, Huang YC, Wang SQ, Zhou GB. Corrigendum to "Mutations and clinical significance of calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha 1E (CACNA1E) in non-small cell lung cancer" [Cell Calcium 102 (2022) 102527]. Cell Calcium 2024; 119:102866. [PMID: 38428281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- S H Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - G Z Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
| | - L P Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - L Feng
- Department of Pathology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Y C Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Tumor Hospital), Kunming, 650106, China
| | - X J Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - F Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - F Y Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Z Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - B B Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - D Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - L J Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - D W Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - S Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - H P Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - X Li
- Computer Science Department, University of North Georgia, Dahlonega, GA, 30597, United States
| | - K K Li
- Computer Science Department, University of North Georgia, Dahlonega, GA, 30597, United States
| | - T S Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences & University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Y C Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Tumor Hospital), Kunming, 650106, China
| | - S Q Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - G B Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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3
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Zheng Y, Liu X, Yang K, Chen X, Wang J, Zhao K, Dong W, Yin G, Yu S, Yang S, Lu M, Su G, Zhao S. Cardiac MRI feature-tracking-derived torsion mechanics in systolic and diastolic dysfunction in systemic light-chain cardiac amyloidosis. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e692-e701. [PMID: 38388253 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
AIM To describe the myocardial torsion mechanics in cardiac amyloidosis (CA), and evaluate the correlations between left ventricle (LV) torsion mechanics and conventional parameters using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging feature tracking (CMR-FT). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and thirty-nine patients with light-chain CA (AL-CA) were divided into three groups: group 1 with preserved systolic function (LV ejection fraction [LVEF] ≥50%, n=55), group 2 with mildly reduced systolic function (40% ≤ LVEF <50%, n=51), and group 3 with reduced systolic function (LVEF <40%, n=33), and compared with age- and gender-matched healthy controls (n=26). All patients underwent cine imaging and late gadolinium-enhancement (LGE). Cine images were analysed offline using CMR-FT to estimate torsion parameters. RESULTS Global torsion, base-mid torsion, and peak diastolic torsion rate (diasTR) were significantly impaired in patients with preserved systolic function (p<0.05 for all), whereas mid-apex torsion and peak systolic torsion rate (sysTR) were preserved (p>0.05 for both) compared with healthy controls. In patients with mildly reduced systolic function, global torsion and base-mid torsion were lower compared to those with preserved systolic function (p<0.05 for both), while mid-apex torsion, sysTR, and diasTR were preserved (p>0.05 for all). In patients with reduced systolic function, only sysTR was significantly worse compared with mildly reduced systolic function (p<0.05). At multivariable analysis, right ventricle (RV) end-systolic volume RVESV index and NYHA class were independently related to global torsion, whereas LVEF was independently related to sysTR. RV ejection fraction (RVEF) was independently related to diasTR. LV global torsion performed well (AUC 0.71; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.61, 0.77) in discriminating transmural from non-transmural LGE in AL-CA patients. CONCLUSION LV torsion mechanics derived by CMR-FT could help to monitor LV systolic and diastolic function in AL-CA patients and function as a new imaging marker for LV dysfunction and LGE transmurality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Tsinghua University Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Wenquan Road No 118, Haidian District, Beijing 100095, China
| | - K Yang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - K Zhao
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, SZ University Town, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - W Dong
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - G Yin
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - S Yu
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37# Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - S Yang
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - M Lu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - G Su
- Department of Cardiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250013, China.
| | - S Zhao
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road No 167, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China.
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4
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Ao Z, Hu X, Tao S, Hu X, Wang G, Li M, Wang F, Hu L, Liang X, Xiao J, Yusup A, Qi W, Ran Q, Fang J, Chang J, Zeng Z, Fu Y, Xue B, Wang P, Zhao K, Li L, Li W, Li Y, Jiang M, Yang Y, Shen H, Zhao X, Shi Y, Wu B, Yan Z, Wang M, Su Y, Hu T, Ma Q, Bai H, Wang L, Yang Z, Feng Y, Zhang D, Huang E, Pan J, Ye H, Yang C, Qin Y, He C, Guo Y, Cheng K, Ren Y, Yang H, Zheng C, Zhu J, Wang S, Ji C, Zhu B, Liu H, Tang Z, Wang Z, Zhao S, Tang Y, Xing H, Guo Q, Liu Y, Fang J. A national-scale assessment of land subsidence in China's major cities. Science 2024; 384:301-306. [PMID: 38635711 DOI: 10.1126/science.adl4366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
China's massive wave of urbanization may be threatened by land subsidence. Using a spaceborne synthetic aperture radar interferometry technique, we provided a systematic assessment of land subsidence in all of China's major cities from 2015 to 2022. Of the examined urban lands, 45% are subsiding faster than 3 millimeters per year, and 16% are subsiding faster than 10 millimeters per year, affecting 29 and 7% of the urban population, respectively. The subsidence appears to be associated with a range of factors such as groundwater withdrawal and the weight of buildings. By 2120, 22 to 26% of China's coastal lands will have a relative elevation lower than sea level, hosting 9 to 11% of the coastal population, because of the combined effect of city subsidence and sea-level rise. Our results underscore the necessity of enhancing protective measures to mitigate potential damages from subsidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zurui Ao
- Beidou Research Institute, Faculty of Engineering, South China Normal University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Xiaomei Hu
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shengli Tao
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xie Hu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guoquan Wang
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Mingjia Li
- Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fang Wang
- River Basin Habitats Research Center, College of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Litang Hu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiuyu Liang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jingfeng Xiao
- Earth Systems Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA
| | - Asadilla Yusup
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenhua Qi
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qinwei Ran
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiayi Fang
- Institute of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Jinfeng Chang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhenzhong Zeng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yongshuo Fu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Baolin Xue
- Innovation Research Center of Satellite Application (IRCSA), Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Kefei Zhao
- School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Le Li
- School of Management, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Wenkai Li
- School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yumei Li
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Mi Jiang
- School of Geospatial Engineering and Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Yuanhe Yang
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Haihua Shen
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Zhengbing Yan
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Mengjia Wang
- School of Geo-science and Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yanjun Su
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Tianyu Hu
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Qin Ma
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
- Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China
- Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hao Bai
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Ziyan Yang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuhao Feng
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Danhua Zhang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Erhan Huang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiamin Pan
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Huiying Ye
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanwei Qin
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chenqi He
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanpei Guo
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yu Ren
- Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Haitao Yang
- Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chengyang Zheng
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiangling Zhu
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chengjun Ji
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiyao Tang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiheng Wang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- School of Ecology, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yanhong Tang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hanfa Xing
- Beidou Research Institute, Faculty of Engineering, South China Normal University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Qinghua Guo
- Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System, School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jingyun Fang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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5
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Xu Z, Zhao S. Fine-grained urban landscape mapping reveals broad-scale homogeneity in urban environments. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024:S2095-9273(24)00216-0. [PMID: 38641512 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.03.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Xu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Shen P, Zhao S. Intensifying urban imprint on land surface warming: Insights from local to global scale. iScience 2024; 27:109110. [PMID: 38433922 PMCID: PMC10904926 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing urbanization exacerbates surface energy balance perturbations and the health risks of climate warming; however, it has not been determined whether urban-induced warming and attributions vary from local, regional, to global scale. Here, the local surface urban heat island (SUHI) is evidenced to manifest with an annual daily mean intensity of 0.99°C-1.10°C during 2003-2018 using satellite observations over 536 cities worldwide. Spatiotemporal patterns and mechanisms of SUHI tightly link with climate-vegetation conditions, with regional warming effect reaching up to 0.015°C-0.138°C (annual average) due to surface energy alterations. Globally, the SUHI footprint of 1,860 cities approximates to 1% of the terrestrial lands, about 1.8-2.9 times far beyond the urban impervious areas, suggesting the enlargements of the imprint of urban warming from local to global scales. With continuous development of urbanization, the implications for SUHI-added warming and scaling effects are considerably important on accelerating global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengke Shen
- National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- College of Ecology and the Environment, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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7
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Wang C, Sun M, Zhang P, Ren X, Zhao S, Li M, Ren Z, Yuan M, Ma L, Liu Z, Wang K, Chen F, Li Z, Wang X. Genome-Wide Association Studies on Chinese Wheat Cultivars Reveal a Novel Fusarium Crown Rot Resistance Quantitative Trait Locus on Chromosome 3BL. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:856. [PMID: 38592894 PMCID: PMC10974656 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium crown rot (FCR), primarily caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum, has emerged as a new threat to wheat production and quality in North China. Genetic enhancement of wheat resistance to FCR remains the most effective approach for disease control. In this study, we phenotyped 435 Chinese wheat cultivars through FCR inoculation at the seedling stage in a greenhouse. Our findings revealed that only approximately 10.8% of the wheat germplasms displayed moderate or high resistance to FCR. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) using high-density 660K SNP led to the discovery of a novel quantitative trait locus on the long arm of chromosome 3B, designated as Qfcr.hebau-3BL. A total of 12 significantly associated SNPs were closely clustered within a 1.05 Mb physical interval. SNP-based molecular markers were developed to facilitate the practical application of Qfcr.hebau-3BL. Among the five candidate FCR resistance genes within the Qfcr.hebau-3BL, we focused on TraesCS3B02G307700, which encodes a protein kinase, due to its expression pattern. Functional validation revealed two transcripts, TaSTK1.1 and TaSTK1.2, with opposing roles in plant resistance to fungal disease. These findings provide insights into the genetic basis of FCR resistance in wheat and offer valuable resources for breeding resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (C.W.); (M.S.); (P.Z.); (X.R.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (Z.R.); (M.Y.); (L.M.); (Z.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Manli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (C.W.); (M.S.); (P.Z.); (X.R.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (Z.R.); (M.Y.); (L.M.); (Z.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Peipei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (C.W.); (M.S.); (P.Z.); (X.R.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (Z.R.); (M.Y.); (L.M.); (Z.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Xiaopeng Ren
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (C.W.); (M.S.); (P.Z.); (X.R.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (Z.R.); (M.Y.); (L.M.); (Z.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (C.W.); (M.S.); (P.Z.); (X.R.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (Z.R.); (M.Y.); (L.M.); (Z.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Mengyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (C.W.); (M.S.); (P.Z.); (X.R.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (Z.R.); (M.Y.); (L.M.); (Z.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Zhuang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (C.W.); (M.S.); (P.Z.); (X.R.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (Z.R.); (M.Y.); (L.M.); (Z.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Meng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (C.W.); (M.S.); (P.Z.); (X.R.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (Z.R.); (M.Y.); (L.M.); (Z.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Linfei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (C.W.); (M.S.); (P.Z.); (X.R.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (Z.R.); (M.Y.); (L.M.); (Z.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Zihan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (C.W.); (M.S.); (P.Z.); (X.R.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (Z.R.); (M.Y.); (L.M.); (Z.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Kaixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (C.W.); (M.S.); (P.Z.); (X.R.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (Z.R.); (M.Y.); (L.M.); (Z.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Feng Chen
- Agronomy College, National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, CIMMYT-China (Henan) Joint Center of Wheat and Maize, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zaifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (C.W.); (M.S.); (P.Z.); (X.R.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (Z.R.); (M.Y.); (L.M.); (Z.L.); (K.W.)
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (C.W.); (M.S.); (P.Z.); (X.R.); (S.Z.); (M.L.); (Z.R.); (M.Y.); (L.M.); (Z.L.); (K.W.)
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8
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Ren L, Ouyang C, Zhao S, Zheng Q, Guo W, Fan B, Zhou J, Zhang W, Hu M, Li J, Li B. A Novel Polymer Nanoparticle Polydimethyl Diallyl Ammonium Chloride as An Adjuvant Enhances the Immune Response of SARS-CoV-2 Subunit Vaccine. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304575. [PMID: 38436662 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has a significant impact on global health and the economy. It has underscored the urgent need for a stable, easily produced and effective vaccine. This study presents a novel approach using SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein-conjugated nanoparticles (NPs) in combination with cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) (S-NPs-cGAMP) as a subunit vaccine. When mice are immunized, the antiserum of S-NPs-cGAMP group exhibits a 16-fold increase in neutralizing activity against a pseudovirus, compared to S protein group. Additionally, S-NPs-cGAMP induces even higher levels of neutralizing antibodies. Remarkably, the vaccine also triggers a robust humoral immune response, as evidenced by a notable elevation in virus-specific IgG and IgM antibodies. Furthermore, after 42 days of immunization, there is an observed increase in specific immune cell populations in the spleen. CD3+ CD4+ and CD3+ CD8+ T lymphocytes, as well as B220+ CD19+ and CD3- CD49b+ NK lymphocytes, show an upward trend, indicating a positive cellular immune response. Moreover, the S-NPs-cGAMP demonstrates promising results against the Delta strain and exhibits good cross-neutralization potential against other variants. These findings suggest that pDMDAAC NPs is potential adjuvant and could serve as a versatile platform for future vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | | | - Shuqing Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Qiqi Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Weilu Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Baochao Fan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhou
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Mi Hu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jizong Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, P. R. China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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9
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Xu Z, Zhao S. Fine-grained urban blue-green-gray landscape dataset for 36 Chinese cities based on deep learning network. Sci Data 2024; 11:266. [PMID: 38438364 PMCID: PMC10912193 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02844-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Detailed and accurate urban landscape mapping, especially for urban blue-green-gray (UBGG) continuum, is the fundamental first step to understanding human-nature coupled urban systems. Nevertheless, the intricate spatial heterogeneity of urban landscapes within cities and across urban agglomerations presents challenges for large-scale and fine-grained mapping. In this study, we generated a 3 m high-resolution UBGG landscape dataset (UBGG-3m) for 36 Chinese metropolises using a transferable multi-scale high-resolution convolutional neural network and 336 Planet images. To train the network for generalization, we also created a large-volume UBGG landscape sample dataset (UBGGset) covering 2,272 km2 of urban landscape samples at 3 m resolution. The classification results for five cities across diverse geographic regions substantiate the superior accuracy of UBGG-3m in both visual interpretation and quantitative evaluation (with an overall accuracy of 91.2% and FWIoU of 83.9%). Comparative analyses with existing datasets underscore the UBGG-3m's great capability to depict urban landscape heterogeneity, providing a wealth of new data and valuable insights into the complex and dynamic urban environments in Chinese metropolises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Xu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- College of Ecology and the Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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10
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Zhao S, Li M, Ren X, Wang C, Sun X, Sun M, Yu X, Wang X. Enhancement of broad-spectrum disease resistance in wheat through key genes involved in systemic acquired resistance. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1355178. [PMID: 38463563 PMCID: PMC10921362 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1355178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is an inducible disease resistance phenomenon in plant species, providing plants with broad-spectrum resistance to secondary pathogen infections beyond the initial infection site. In Arabidopsis, SAR can be triggered by direct pathogen infection or treatment with the phytohormone salicylic acid (SA), as well as its analogues 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (INA) and benzothiadiazole (BTH). The SA receptor non-expressor of pathogenesis-related protein gene 1 (NPR1) protein serves as a key regulator in controlling SAR signaling transduction. Similarly, in common wheat (Triticum aestivum), pathogen infection or treatment with the SA analogue BTH can induce broad-spectrum resistance to powdery mildew, leaf rust, Fusarium head blight, and other diseases. However, unlike SAR in the model plant Arabidopsis or rice, SAR-like responses in wheat exhibit unique features and regulatory pathways. The acquired resistance (AR) induced by the model pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain DC3000 is regulated by NPR1, but its effects are limited to the adjacent region of the same leaf and not systemic. On the other hand, the systemic immunity (SI) triggered by Xanthomonas translucens pv. cerealis (Xtc) or Pseudomonas syringae pv. japonica (Psj) is not controlled by NPR1 or SA, but rather closely associated with jasmonate (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), and several transcription factors. Furthermore, the BTH-induced resistance (BIR) partially depends on NPR1 activation, leading to a broader and stronger plant defense response. This paper provides a systematic review of the research progress on SAR in wheat, emphasizes the key regulatory role of NPR1 in wheat SAR, and summarizes the potential of pathogenesis-related protein (PR) genes in genetically modifying wheat to enhance broad-spectrum disease resistance. This review lays an important foundation for further analyzing the molecular mechanism of SAR and genetically improving broad-spectrum disease resistance in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Mengyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ren
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Chuyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xinbo Sun
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Manli Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xiumei Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
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11
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Guo W, Wang C, Song X, Xu H, Zhao S, Gu J, Zou Z, Li J, Qian J, Zhang X, Guo R, Li J, Li L, Hu Z, Ren L, Fan B, Li B. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a trimeric full-length S protein subunit vaccine for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Vaccine 2024; 42:828-839. [PMID: 38220489 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has caused serious economic losses to the pig husbandry worldwide, and the effects of existing commercialized vaccines are suboptimal. Therefore, research to develop an efficacious vaccine for prevention and control of PEDV is essential. In this study, we designed and produced trimerized proteins of full-length PEDV spike (S) protein, S1 subunit, and a tandem of multiple epitopes of S protein using an efficient mammalian expression vector system in HEK 293F cells. The immunogenicity of two commercial adjuvants, M401 and M103, was also evaluated in mice. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays demonstrated that all immunized mice generated highly systemic PEDV S-specific IgG and IgA antibodies. Mice in S/M103-immunized group generated the highest neutralizing antibody titer with 1:96. Compared with control group, the subunit vaccines elicited multifunctional CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T cells, B220+CD19+ B cells, and CD3-CD49b+ natural killer cells in the spleen. PEDV S/M103 vaccine, which had the best immune effect, was selected for further evaluation in piglets. Immunization with S/M103 vaccine induced high levels of S-specific IgG, IgA, and neutralizing antibodies, and increased the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and the expression levels of interferon-γ and interleukin-4 in peripheral blood of piglets. Virus challenge test results showed significantly lower diarrheal index scores and fecal viral loads, and less pathological damage to the intestines in S/M103-immunized piglets than in controls, indicating that S/M103 provides good protection against the virulent virus challenge. Our findings suggest that trimeric PEDV S/M103 has potential as a clinical vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilu Guo
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, 5th Mofan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China; Taizhou Polytechnic College, Taizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanhong Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xu Song
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jun Gu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhikun Zou
- Chengdu Yisikang Biotechnology LLC, Chendou 610095, China
| | - Jing Li
- Chengdu Yisikang Biotechnology LLC, Chendou 610095, China
| | - Jiali Qian
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Rongli Guo
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jizong Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhaoyang Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Lili Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, 5th Mofan Road, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Baochao Fan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; GuoTai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou 225300, China.
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12
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Wei P, Lamont B, He T, Xue W, Wang PC, Song W, Zhang R, Keyhani AB, Zhao S, Lu W, Dong F, Gao R, Yu J, Huang Y, Tang L, Lu K, Ma J, Xiong Z, Chen L, Wan N, Wang B, He W, Teng M, Dian Y, Wang Y, Zeng L, Lin C, Dai M, Zhou Z, Xiao W, Yan Z. Vegetation-fire feedbacks increase subtropical wildfire risk in scrubland and reduce it in forests. J Environ Manage 2024; 351:119726. [PMID: 38052142 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Climate dictates wildfire activity around the world. But East and Southeast Asia are an apparent exception as fire-activity variation there is unrelated to climatic variables. In subtropical China, fire activity decreased by 80% between 2003 and 2020 amid increased fire risks globally. Here, we assessed the fire regime, vegetation structure, fuel flammability and their interactions across subtropical Hubei, China. We show that tree basal area (TBA) and fuel flammability explained 60% of fire-frequency variance. Fire frequency and fuel flammability, in turn, explained 90% of TBA variance. These results reveal a novel system of scrubland-forest stabilized by vegetation-fire feedbacks. Frequent fires promote the persistence of derelict scrubland through positive vegetation-fire feedbacks; in forest, vegetation-fire feedbacks are negative and suppress fire. Thus, we attribute the decrease in wildfire activity to reforestation programs that concurrently increase forest coverage and foster negative vegetation-fire feedbacks that suppress wildfire.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Wei
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - B Lamont
- Ecology Section, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
| | - T He
- College of Science Engineering & Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
| | - W Xue
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - P C Wang
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - W Song
- College of Agronomy, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Xianyang, 712100, China.
| | - R Zhang
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - A B Keyhani
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - S Zhao
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - W Lu
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - F Dong
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - R Gao
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - J Yu
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Y Huang
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - L Tang
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - K Lu
- Hubei Forestry Survey and Design Institute, East Lake Science and Technology, District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - J Ma
- Hubei Forestry Survey and Design Institute, East Lake Science and Technology, District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Z Xiong
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - L Chen
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - N Wan
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - B Wang
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - W He
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - M Teng
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Y Dian
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - L Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - C Lin
- Hubei Forestry Survey and Design Institute, East Lake Science and Technology, District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - M Dai
- Hubei Forestry Survey and Design Institute, East Lake Science and Technology, District, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Z Zhou
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| | - W Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Z Yan
- Department of Forestry, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
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Effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease: a prespecified secondary analysis from the empa-kidney trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:39-50. [PMID: 38061371 PMCID: PMC7615591 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors reduce progression of chronic kidney disease and the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in a wide range of patients. However, their effects on kidney disease progression in some patients with chronic kidney disease are unclear because few clinical kidney outcomes occurred among such patients in the completed trials. In particular, some guidelines stratify their level of recommendation about who should be treated with SGLT2 inhibitors based on diabetes status and albuminuria. We aimed to assess the effects of empagliflozin on progression of chronic kidney disease both overall and among specific types of participants in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA), and included individuals aged 18 years or older with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or with an eGFR of 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher. We explored the effects of 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily versus placebo on the annualised rate of change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR slope), a tertiary outcome. We studied the acute slope (from randomisation to 2 months) and chronic slope (from 2 months onwards) separately, using shared parameter models to estimate the latter. Analyses were done in all randomly assigned participants by intention to treat. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and then followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroups of eGFR included 2282 (34·5%) participants with an eGFR of less than 30 mL/min per 1·73 m2, 2928 (44·3%) with an eGFR of 30 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, and 1399 (21·2%) with an eGFR 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or higher. Prespecified subgroups of uACR included 1328 (20·1%) with a uACR of less than 30 mg/g, 1864 (28·2%) with a uACR of 30 to 300 mg/g, and 3417 (51·7%) with a uACR of more than 300 mg/g. Overall, allocation to empagliflozin caused an acute 2·12 mL/min per 1·73 m2 (95% CI 1·83-2·41) reduction in eGFR, equivalent to a 6% (5-6) dip in the first 2 months. After this, it halved the chronic slope from -2·75 to -1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (relative difference 50%, 95% CI 42-58). The absolute and relative benefits of empagliflozin on the magnitude of the chronic slope varied significantly depending on diabetes status and baseline levels of eGFR and uACR. In particular, the absolute difference in chronic slopes was lower in patients with lower baseline uACR, but because this group progressed more slowly than those with higher uACR, this translated to a larger relative difference in chronic slopes in this group (86% [36-136] reduction in the chronic slope among those with baseline uACR <30 mg/g compared with a 29% [19-38] reduction for those with baseline uACR ≥2000 mg/g; ptrend<0·0001). INTERPRETATION Empagliflozin slowed the rate of progression of chronic kidney disease among all types of participant in the EMPA-KIDNEY trial, including those with little albuminuria. Albuminuria alone should not be used to determine whether to treat with an SGLT2 inhibitor. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly.
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Ryder M, Sabarai A, Saccà C, Sachson R, Sadler E, Safiee NS, Sahani M, Saillant A, Saini J, Saito C, Saito S, Sakaguchi K, Sakai M, Salim H, Salviani C, Sammons E, Sampson A, Samson F, Sandercock P, Sanguila S, Santorelli G, Santoro D, Sarabu N, Saram T, Sardell R, Sasajima H, Sasaki T, Satko S, Sato A, Sato D, Sato H, Sato H, Sato J, Sato T, Sato Y, Satoh M, Sawada K, Schanz M, Scheidemantel F, Schemmelmann M, Schettler E, Schettler V, Schlieper GR, Schmidt C, Schmidt G, Schmidt U, Schmidt-Gurtler H, Schmude M, Schneider A, Schneider I, Schneider-Danwitz C, Schomig M, Schramm T, Schreiber A, Schricker S, Schroppel B, Schulte-Kemna L, Schulz E, Schumacher B, Schuster A, Schwab A, Scolari F, Scott A, Seeger W, Seeger W, Segal M, Seifert L, Seifert M, Sekiya M, Sellars R, Seman MR, Shah S, Shah S, Shainberg L, Shanmuganathan M, Shao F, Sharma K, Sharpe C, Sheikh-Ali M, Sheldon J, Shenton C, Shepherd A, Shepperd M, Sheridan R, Sheriff Z, Shibata Y, Shigehara T, Shikata K, Shimamura K, Shimano H, Shimizu Y, Shimoda H, Shin K, Shivashankar G, Shojima N, Silva R, Sim CSB, Simmons K, Sinha S, Sitter T, Sivanandam S, Skipper M, Sloan K, Sloan L, Smith R, Smyth J, Sobande T, Sobata M, Somalanka S, Song X, Sonntag F, Sood B, Sor SY, Soufer J, Sparks H, Spatoliatore G, Spinola T, Squyres S, Srivastava A, Stanfield J, Staplin N, Staylor K, Steele A, Steen O, Steffl D, Stegbauer J, Stellbrink C, Stellbrink E, Stevens W, Stevenson A, Stewart-Ray V, Stickley J, Stoffler D, Stratmann B, Streitenberger S, Strutz F, Stubbs J, Stumpf J, Suazo N, Suchinda P, Suckling R, Sudin A, Sugamori K, Sugawara H, Sugawara K, Sugimoto D, Sugiyama H, Sugiyama H, Sugiyama T, Sullivan M, Sumi M, Suresh N, Sutton D, Suzuki H, Suzuki R, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Suzuki Y, Swanson E, Swift P, Syed S, Szerlip H, Taal M, Taddeo M, Tailor C, Tajima K, Takagi M, Takahashi K, Takahashi K, Takahashi M, Takahashi T, Takahira E, Takai T, Takaoka M, Takeoka J, Takesada A, Takezawa M, Talbot M, Taliercio J, Talsania T, Tamori Y, Tamura R, Tamura Y, Tan CHH, Tan EZZ, Tanabe A, Tanabe K, Tanaka A, Tanaka A, Tanaka N, Tang S, Tang Z, Tanigaki K, Tarlac M, Tatsuzawa A, Tay JF, Tay LL, Taylor J, Taylor K, Taylor K, Te A, Tenbusch L, Teng KS, Terakawa A, Terry J, Tham ZD, Tholl S, Thomas G, Thong KM, Tietjen D, Timadjer A, Tindall H, Tipper S, Tobin K, Toda N, Tokuyama A, Tolibas M, Tomita A, Tomita T, Tomlinson J, Tonks L, Topf J, Topping S, Torp A, Torres A, Totaro F, Toth P, Toyonaga Y, Tripodi F, Trivedi K, Tropman E, Tschope D, Tse J, Tsuji K, Tsunekawa S, Tsunoda R, Tucky B, Tufail S, Tuffaha A, Turan E, Turner H, Turner J, Turner M, Tuttle KR, Tye YL, Tyler A, Tyler J, Uchi H, Uchida H, Uchida T, Uchida T, Udagawa T, Ueda S, Ueda Y, Ueki K, Ugni S, Ugwu E, Umeno R, Unekawa C, Uozumi K, Urquia K, Valleteau A, Valletta C, van Erp R, Vanhoy C, Varad V, Varma R, Varughese A, Vasquez P, Vasseur A, Veelken R, Velagapudi C, Verdel K, Vettoretti S, Vezzoli G, Vielhauer V, Viera R, Vilar E, Villaruel S, Vinall L, Vinathan J, Visnjic M, Voigt E, von-Eynatten M, Vourvou M, Wada J, Wada J, Wada T, Wada Y, Wakayama K, Wakita Y, Wallendszus K, Walters T, Wan Mohamad WH, Wang L, Wang W, Wang X, Wang X, Wang Y, Wanner C, Wanninayake S, Watada H, Watanabe K, Watanabe K, Watanabe M, Waterfall H, Watkins D, Watson S, Weaving L, Weber B, Webley Y, Webster A, Webster M, Weetman M, Wei W, Weihprecht H, Weiland L, Weinmann-Menke J, Weinreich T, Wendt R, Weng Y, Whalen M, Whalley G, Wheatley R, Wheeler A, Wheeler J, Whelton P, White K, Whitmore B, Whittaker S, Wiebel J, Wiley J, Wilkinson L, Willett M, Williams A, Williams E, Williams K, Williams T, Wilson A, Wilson P, Wincott L, Wines E, Winkelmann B, Winkler M, Winter-Goodwin B, Witczak J, Wittes J, Wittmann M, Wolf G, Wolf L, Wolfling R, Wong C, Wong E, Wong HS, Wong LW, Wong YH, Wonnacott A, Wood A, Wood L, Woodhouse H, Wooding N, Woodman A, Wren K, Wu J, Wu P, Xia S, Xiao H, Xiao X, Xie Y, Xu C, Xu Y, Xue H, Yahaya H, Yalamanchili H, Yamada A, Yamada N, Yamagata K, Yamaguchi M, Yamaji Y, Yamamoto A, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto S, Yamamoto T, Yamanaka A, Yamano T, Yamanouchi Y, Yamasaki N, Yamasaki Y, Yamasaki Y, Yamashita C, Yamauchi T, Yan Q, Yanagisawa E, Yang F, Yang L, Yano S, Yao S, Yao Y, Yarlagadda S, Yasuda Y, Yiu V, Yokoyama T, Yoshida S, Yoshidome E, Yoshikawa H, Young A, Young T, Yousif V, Yu H, Yu Y, Yuasa K, Yusof N, Zalunardo N, Zander B, Zani R, Zappulo F, Zayed M, Zemann B, Zettergren P, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang L, Zhang N, Zhang X, Zhao J, Zhao L, Zhao S, Zhao Z, Zhong H, Zhou N, Zhou S, Zhu D, Zhu L, Zhu S, Zietz M, Zippo M, Zirino F, Zulkipli FH. Impact of primary kidney disease on the effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease: secondary analyses of the EMPA-KIDNEY trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12:51-60. [PMID: 38061372 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(23)00322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EMPA-KIDNEY trial showed that empagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death in patients with chronic kidney disease mainly through slowing progression. We aimed to assess how effects of empagliflozin might differ by primary kidney disease across its broad population. METHODS EMPA-KIDNEY, a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial, was conducted at 241 centres in eight countries (Canada, China, Germany, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, the UK, and the USA). Patients were eligible if their estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 20 to less than 45 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or 45 to less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of 200 mg/g or higher at screening. They were randomly assigned (1:1) to 10 mg oral empagliflozin once daily or matching placebo. Effects on kidney disease progression (defined as a sustained ≥40% eGFR decline from randomisation, end-stage kidney disease, a sustained eGFR below 10 mL/min per 1·73 m2, or death from kidney failure) were assessed using prespecified Cox models, and eGFR slope analyses used shared parameter models. Subgroup comparisons were performed by including relevant interaction terms in models. EMPA-KIDNEY is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03594110. FINDINGS Between May 15, 2019, and April 16, 2021, 6609 participants were randomly assigned and followed up for a median of 2·0 years (IQR 1·5-2·4). Prespecified subgroupings by primary kidney disease included 2057 (31·1%) participants with diabetic kidney disease, 1669 (25·3%) with glomerular disease, 1445 (21·9%) with hypertensive or renovascular disease, and 1438 (21·8%) with other or unknown causes. Kidney disease progression occurred in 384 (11·6%) of 3304 patients in the empagliflozin group and 504 (15·2%) of 3305 patients in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·71 [95% CI 0·62-0·81]), with no evidence that the relative effect size varied significantly by primary kidney disease (pheterogeneity=0·62). The between-group difference in chronic eGFR slopes (ie, from 2 months to final follow-up) was 1·37 mL/min per 1·73 m2 per year (95% CI 1·16-1·59), representing a 50% (42-58) reduction in the rate of chronic eGFR decline. This relative effect of empagliflozin on chronic eGFR slope was similar in analyses by different primary kidney diseases, including in explorations by type of glomerular disease and diabetes (p values for heterogeneity all >0·1). INTERPRETATION In a broad range of patients with chronic kidney disease at risk of progression, including a wide range of non-diabetic causes of chronic kidney disease, empagliflozin reduced risk of kidney disease progression. Relative effect sizes were broadly similar irrespective of the cause of primary kidney disease, suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors should be part of a standard of care to minimise risk of kidney failure in chronic kidney disease. FUNDING Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and UK Medical Research Council.
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Liu H, Li W, Zhu M, Wen X, Jin J, Wang H, Lv D, Zhao S, Wu X, Jiao J. Myokines and Biomarkers of Frailty in Older Inpatients with Undernutrition: A Prospective Study. J Frailty Aging 2024; 13:82-90. [PMID: 38616363 DOI: 10.14283/jfa.2024.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population aging might increase the prevalence of undernutrition in older people, which increases the risk of frailty. Numerous studies have indicated that myokines are released by skeletal myocytes in response to muscular contractions and might be associated with frailty. This study aimed to evaluate whether myokines are biomarkers of frailty in older inpatients with undernutrition. METHODS The frailty biomarkers were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus and Genecards datasets. Relevant myokines and health-related variables were assessed in 55 inpatients aged ≥ 65 years from the Peking Union Medical College Hospital prospective longitudinal frailty study. Serum was prepared for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the appropriate kits. Correlations between biomarkers and frailty status were calculated by Spearman's correlation analysis. Multiple linear regression was performed to investigate the association between factors and frailty scores. RESULTS The prevalence of frailty was 13.21%. The bioinformatics analysis indicated that leptin, adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), irisin, decorin, and myostatin were potential biomarkers of frailty. The frailty group had significantly higher concentrations of leptin, AMPK, and MSTN than the robust group (p < 0.05). AMPK was significantly positively correlated with frailty (p < 0.05). The pre-frailty and frailty groups had significantly lower concentrations of irisin than the robust group (p < 0.05), whereas the DCN concentration did not differ among the groups. Multiple linear regression suggested that the 15 factors influencing the coefficients of association, the top 50% were the ADL score, MNA-SF score, serum albumin concentration, urination function, hearing function, leptin concentration, GDS-15 score, and MSTN concentration. CONCLUSIONS Proinflammatory myokines, particularly leptin, myostatin, and AMPK, negatively affect muscle mass and strength in older adults. ADL and nutritional status play major roles in the development of frailty. Our results confirm that identification of frailty relies upon clinical variables, myokine concentrations, and functional parameters, which might enable the identification and monitoring of frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Liu
- Hongpeng Liu, Peking University School of Nursing, Beijing, China, ; Xinjuan Wu,
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Parker SG, Blake H, Zhao S, van Dellen J, Mohamed S, Albadry W, Akhtar H, Franczak B, Jakkalasaibaba R, Rothnie A, Thomas R. An established abdominal wall multidisciplinary team improves patient care and aids surgical decision making with complex ventral hernia patients. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024; 106:29-35. [PMID: 36927113 PMCID: PMC10757872 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR) is an emerging subspecialty within general surgery. The practice of multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings to aid decision making and improve patient care has been demonstrated, with widespread acceptance. This study presents our initial experience of over 150 cases of complex hernia patients discussed in a newly established MDT setting. METHODS From February 2020 to July 2022 (30-month period), abdominal wall MDTs were held bimonthly. Key stakeholders included upper and lower gastrointestinal surgeons, a gastrointestinal specialist radiologist, a plastic surgeon, a high-risk anaesthetist and two junior doctors integrated into the AWR clinical team. Meetings were held online, where patient history, past medical and surgical history, hernia characteristics and up-to-date computed tomography scans were discussed. RESULTS Some 156 patients were discussed over 18 meetings within the above period. Ninety-five (61%) patients were recommended for surgery, and 61 (39%) patients were recommended for conservative management or referred elsewhere. Seventy-eight (82%) patients were directly waitlisted, whereas seventeen (18%) required preoperative optimisation: three (18%) for smoking cessation, eleven (65%) for weight-loss management and three (18%) for specialist diabetic assessment and management. In total, 92 (59%) patients (including operative and nonoperative management) have been discharged to primary care. DISCUSSION A multidisciplinary forum for complex abdominal wall patients is a safe process that facilitates decision making, promotes education and improves patient care. As the AWR subspecialty evolves, our view is that the "complex hernia MDT" will become commonplace. We present our experience and share advice for others planning to establish an AWR centre.
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Affiliation(s)
- SG Parker
- Croydon Health Services NHS Trust, UK
| | - H Blake
- Croydon Health Services NHS Trust, UK
| | - S Zhao
- Croydon Health Services NHS Trust, UK
| | | | - S Mohamed
- Croydon Health Services NHS Trust, UK
| | - W Albadry
- St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - H Akhtar
- Croydon Health Services NHS Trust, UK
| | | | | | - A Rothnie
- Croydon Health Services NHS Trust, UK
| | - R Thomas
- Croydon Health Services NHS Trust, UK
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Li J, Zhao S, Zhang B, Huang J, Peng Q, Xiao L, Yuan X, Guo R, Zhou J, Fan B, Xue T, Zhu X, Liu C, Zhu X, Ren L, Li B. A novel recombinant S-based subunit vaccine induces protective immunity against porcine deltacoronavirus challenge in piglets. J Virol 2023; 97:e0095823. [PMID: 37846983 PMCID: PMC10688320 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00958-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE As an emerging porcine enteropathogenic coronavirus that has the potential to infect humans, porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is receiving increasing attention. However, no effective commercially available vaccines against this virus are available. In this work, we designed a spike (S) protein and receptor-binding domain (RBD) trimer as a candidate PDCoV subunit vaccine. We demonstrated that S protein induced more robust humoral and cellular immune responses than the RBD trimer in mice. Furthermore, the protective efficacy of the S protein was compared with that of inactivated PDCoV vaccines in piglets and sows. Of note, the immunized piglets and suckling pig showed a high level of NAbs and were associated with reduced virus shedding and mild diarrhea, and the high level of NAbs was maintained for at least 4 months. Importantly, we demonstrated that S protein-based subunit vaccines conferred significant protection against PDCoV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizong Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baotai Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Peng
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xuesong Yuan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongli Guo
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhou
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Baochao Fan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanmin Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xing Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lili Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Han B, Fang W, Yang Z, Wang Y, Zhao S, Hoang BX, Vangsness CT. Enhancement of Chondrogenic Markers by Exosomes Derived from Cultured Human Synovial Fluid-Derived Cells: A Comparative Analysis of 2D and 3D Conditions. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3145. [PMID: 38137366 PMCID: PMC10740632 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of exosomes derived from synovial fluid-derived cells (SFDCs) cultured under normoxic conditions in a two-dimensional (2D) monolayer or encapsulated within a three-dimensional (3D) matrix for chondrogenic differentiation in vitro and cartilage defect repair in vivo. DESIGN Synovial fluid samples were obtained from three patients, and SFDCs were isolated and expanded either in a 2D monolayer culture or seeded within a transglutaminase cross-linked gelatin (Col-Tgel) to create a 3D gel culture. Exosomes derived from each environment were isolated and characterized. Then, their effects on cartilage-cell proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation were assessed using an in vitro organoid model, and their potential for enhancing cartilage repair was evaluated using a rat cartilage defect model. RESULTS SFDCs obtained from different donors reached a state of senescence after four passages in 2D culture. However, transferring these cells to a 3D culture environment mitigated the senescence and improved cell viability. The 3D-cultured exosomes exhibited enhanced potency in promoting chondrogenic differentiation, as evidenced by the increased expression of chondrogenic genes and greater deposition of cartilage-specific extracellular matrix. Furthermore, the 3D-cultured exosomes demonstrated superior effectiveness in enhancing cartilage repair and exhibited better healing properties compared to exosomes derived from a 2D culture. CONCLUSIONS The optimized 3D culture provided a more favorable environment for the proliferation of human synovial cells and the secretion of exosomes compared to the 2D culture. The 3D-cultured exosomes exhibited greater potential for promoting chondrogenic gene expression in vitro and demonstrated improved healing properties in repairing cartilage defects compared to exosomes derived from the 2D culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Han
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo St., BMT 302A, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA (B.X.H.)
| | - William Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo St., BMT 302A, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA (B.X.H.)
| | - Yuntao Wang
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo St., BMT 302A, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA (B.X.H.)
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo St., BMT 302A, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA (B.X.H.)
| | - Ba Xuan Hoang
- Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo St., BMT 302A, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA (B.X.H.)
| | - C. Thomas Vangsness
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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Zhou X, Sekino Y, Li HT, Fu G, Yang Z, Zhao S, Gujar H, Zu X, Weisenberger DJ, Gill IS, Tulpule V, D’souza A, Quinn DI, Han B, Liang G. SETD2 Deficiency Confers Sensitivity to Dual Inhibition of DNA Methylation and PARP in Kidney Cancer. Cancer Res 2023; 83:3813-3826. [PMID: 37695044 PMCID: PMC10843145 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
SETD2 deficiency alters the epigenetic landscape by causing depletion of H3K36me3 and plays an important role in diverse forms of cancer, most notably in aggressive and metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC). Development of an effective treatment scheme targeting SETD2-compromised cancer is urgently needed. Considering that SETD2 is involved in DNA methylation and DNA repair, a combination treatment approach using DNA hypomethylating agents (HMA) and PARP inhibitors (PARPi) could have strong antitumor activity in SETD2-deficient kidney cancer. We tested the effects of the DNA HMA 5-aza-2'-dexoxydytidine (DAC), the PARPi talazoparib (BMN-673), and both in combination in human ccRCC models with or without SETD2 deficiency. The combination treatment of DAC and BMN-673 synergistically increased cytotoxicity in vitro in SETD2-deficient ccRCC cell lines but not in SETD2-proficient cell lines. DAC and BMN-673 led to apoptotic induction, increased DNA damage, insufficient DNA damage repair, and increased genomic instability. Furthermore, the combination treatment elevated immune responses, upregulated STING, and enhanced viral mimicry by activating transposable elements. Finally, the combination effectively suppressed the growth of SETD2-deficient ccRCC in in vivo mouse models. Together, these findings indicate that combining HMA and PARPi is a promising potential therapeutic strategy for treating SETD2-compromised ccRCC. SIGNIFICANCE SETD2 deficiency creates a vulnerable epigenetic status that is targetable using a DNA hypomethylating agent and PARP inhibitor combination to suppress renal cell carcinoma, identifying a precision medicine-based approach for SETD2-compromised cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Zhou
- Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yohei Sekino
- Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hong-Tao Li
- Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Guanghou Fu
- Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California; Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Keck School of Medicine USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California; Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Keck School of Medicine USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hemant Gujar
- Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiongbing Zu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Daniel J Weisenberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Inderbir S. Gill
- Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Varsha Tulpule
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anishka D’souza
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David I Quinn
- Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bo Han
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California; Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Keck School of Medicine USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gangning Liang
- Department of Urology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Xu Z, Zhao S. Scale dependence of urban green space cooling efficiency: A case study in Beijing metropolitan area. Sci Total Environ 2023; 898:165563. [PMID: 37459981 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Urban Green Space (UGS), providing environmental, social and economic benefits simultaneously, has been regarded as a cost-effective Nature-based Solution (NbS) to combat the effects of urban heat island (UHI). Under the dual pressure of increasing demand for limited land resources and mitigating UHI, how to scientifically and effectively use the limited space to obtain the maximum cooling efficiency (scaling of cooling intensity and UGS size) is an important component of strategic urban green planning. However, the scale dependence of UGS cooling effect has not yet been sufficiently quantified, particularly with respect to involving small and medium size UGS. Here, we explored the size-dependent UGS cooling efficiency in Beijing using 10,003 UGS patches extracted from high-resolution remote sensing images. We found that 5922 UGS (59.20 %) exhibited a "cooling island effect", the cooling service of UGS could reduce land surface temperature by 0.06 ± 0.05 °C to 3.81 ± 1.01 °C, and the cooling intensity enhanced nonlinearly with increasing size and closely related to the complexity of UGS shape and vegetation quality. We further showed that the cooling efficiency of small, medium and large UGS was -0.004 ± 0.03 (n = 2201), 0.79 ± 0.01 (n = 3570), 0.19 ± 0.03 (n = 151), respectively, suggesting that strategic urban greening to combat urban heat should target on increasing medium-sized UGS and managing the layout of green space. These findings emphasize the significance of considering and further exploring the scale dependence of UGS cooling effect in mitigating urban heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Xu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; College of Ecology and the Environment, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China.
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21
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Zhao S, Zhu Y, Ma SY, Fan QH, Gong QX. [Primary hepatic angiosarcoma: a clinicopathological analysis of nine cases]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2023; 52:1132-1137. [PMID: 37899319 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20230328-00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical manifestations, histomorphology, and differential diagnosis of primary hepatic angiosarcoma. Methods: Nine cases of primary hepatic angiosarcoma diagnosed in the Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2014 to December 2021 were collected, including biopsy and surgical specimens. The histomorphology, clinical, and radiologic findings were analyzed. The relevant literature was also reviewed. Results: There were six males and three females, aged 30 to 73 years (mean 57 years). Grossly, the growth pattern of the tumor was classified as either mass formation or non-mass formation (sinusoidal). Microscopically, the mass-forming primary hepatic angiosarcoma were further subdivided into vasoformative or non-vasoformative growth patterns; and those non-vasoformative tumors had either epithelioid, spindled, or undifferentiated sarcomatoid features. Sinusoidal primary hepatic angiosarcoma on the other hand presented with markedly dilated and congested blood vessels of varying sizes, with mild to moderately atypical endothelial cells. Follow-up in all nine cases revealed 8 mortality ranging from 1 to 18 months (mean 5 months) from initial diagnosis. One patient was alive with disease within a period of 48 months. Conclusions: Primary hepatic angiosarcoma is a rare entity with a wide spectrum of histomorphology, and often misdiagnosed. It should be considered when there are dilated and congested sinusoids, with overt nuclear atypia. The overall biological behavior is aggressive, and the prognosis is worse.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing 210029, China
| | - S Y Ma
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Q H Fan
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Q X Gong
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Province Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing 210029, China
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Liu X, Niu W, Zhao S, Zhang W, Zhao Y, Li J. Piezo1:the potential new therapeutic target for fibrotic diseases. Prog Biophys Mol Biol 2023; 184:42-49. [PMID: 37722629 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological process that occurs in various organs, characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to structural damage and, in severe cases, organ failure. Within the fibrotic microenvironment, mechanical forces play a crucial role in shaping cell behavior and function, yet the precise molecular mechanisms underlying how cells sense and transmit these mechanical cues, as well as the physical aspects of fibrosis progression, remain less understood. Piezo1, a mechanosensitive ion channel protein, serves as a pivotal mediator, converting mechanical stimuli into electrical or chemical signals. Accumulating evidence suggests that Piezo1 plays a central role in ECM formation and hemodynamics in the mechanical transduction of fibrosis expansion. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the role of Piezo1 in fibrosis progression, encompassing conditions such as myocardial fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, renal fibrosis, and other fibrotic diseases. The main goal is to pave the way for potential clinical applications in the field of fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Weipin Niu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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23
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Zheng S, Qi WX, Li S, Xu FF, Li H, Chen JY, Zhao S. Sarcopenia as a Predictor of Neoadjuvant Therapy-Related Toxicity in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e359. [PMID: 37785234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Sarcopenia, characterized by loss of muscle mass, plays a critical role in patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC). Preoperative chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy in ESCC patients has been reported to improve survival. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the predictive value of preoperative sarcopenia for toxicity and pathological tumor response to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in ESCC patients. MATERIALS/METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed using a prospectively collected patient cohort of an academic cancer center diagnosed with cT2-4N0-3M0 ESCC between 2019-2022 and treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy ± pembrolizumab. Sarcopenia was assessed by skeletal muscle index at the third lumbar vertebra in computed tomography scans before NAT (men: 43cm²/m² for body mass index (BMI) < 25kg/m², 53cm²/m² for BMI≥25 kg/m²; women: 41cm²/m²). Logistic regression was performed to assess the association between sarcopenia and preoperative therapy-related toxicity and tumor response. RESULTS The study included 59 locally advanced ESCC patients (53 male and 6 female), 48 (81.4%) in the non-sarcopenia group, and 11 (18.6%) in the sarcopenia group. Mean age at diagnosis was 62±8 years. Mean BMI at diagnosis was 22.13±2.85 kg/m². 19 patients (32.2%) were stage ⅢA, 25 patients (42.4%) were ⅢB, 15 patients (25.4%) were ⅣA. No significant differences were found between both groups regarding sex, age, BMI, and clinical stage. Acute grade ≥3 toxicity occurred significantly more frequently in the sarcopenia group (54.5% vs. 22.9%, p = 0.045), which mainly included leukopenia, neutropenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia. The discontinuation of NAT owing to toxicity occurred in 8 patients (13.5%), which was significantly associated with sarcopenia (p = 0.003). All patients proceeded to surgery and 33 patients (55.9%) had a pathological complete response (pCR). Univariate analysis revealed no significant association between sarcopenia and pCR (p = 0.071). CONCLUSION Among patients with locally advanced EC, sarcopenia is not a predictor of poor NAT response, but it is strongly associated with discontinuation of NAT due to toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - W X Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - F F Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Y Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S Zhao
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Feng M, Tang Y, Fan M, Li L, Wang S, Yin Q, Ai H, Zhao S, Yin Y, Liu D, Ren Y, Li J, Li F, Lang J. Low-Dose Fractionated Radiotherapy Combined with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for T3-4 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients: The Preliminary Results of a Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e580-e581. [PMID: 37785764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Over 70% of NPC patients were local advanced NPC (LANPC). The 5-year local recurrence-free survival rate is only 70% in T3-4 patients. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) followed with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) was recommended for LANPC patients. Low-dose fractionated radiotherapy (LDFRT), which is <100cGy, induces enhanced cell killing by the hyper-radiation sensitivity phenomenon and potentiates effects of chemotherapy. The synergy of LDFRT and NACT has not been used in the clinical practice and few studies focused on it. A single arm study found the ORR of primary site was improved to 90% for head and neck squamous carcinoma patients treated with LDFRT and NACT. Our previous study found the ORR of lymph nodes was higher in LDFRT group for high-risk LANPC patients. However, another study showed there was no significant difference between LDFRT and control group for LANPC patients. So, we aimed to investigate the potential efficacy of this novel neoadjuvant therapy for T3-4 NPC patients. MATERIALS/METHODS A total of 60 pathological confirmed T3-4 (UICC/AJCC8th) NPC patients were prospectively enrolled in our study. They were randomly assigned to two groups. For the LDFRT group, the patients received 3 cycles of NACT (docetaxel 75mg/m2 D1, cisplatin 80mg/m2 D1) with LDFRT, and followed with CCRT. LDFRT was delivered as 50cGy per fraction twice a day to primary site on D1,2 for each cycle of NACT. The patients in the control group only received NACT and followed with CCRT. All the patients underwent IGRT. RECIST criteria and CTCAE 5.0 was used to evaluate the ORR and toxicity at post-NACT and the completion of CCRT. RESULTS From February 2022 to December 2022, 60 T3-4 NPC patients were included, and 30 patients for each group. For the primary site, the median volume reduction rate and the ORR after NACT was significantly improved in LDFRT group (69.27% vs 40.10%, p<0.001;93.33% vs 73.33%, p = 0.038). For the median volume reduction rate of primary site and lymph node, it was also obviously improved in LDFRT group (86.59% vs 55.43%, p<0.001). Though there was a tendency of ORR improvement in LDFRT group, but no significant difference (96.67% vs 83.33%, p = 0.195). After the completion of CCRT, the median volume reduction rate of primary site had an increased tendency in LDFRT group (96.16% vs 88.3%, p = 0.065), but the ORR had no statistical significance (LDFRT group: CR 45.8%, PR 54.2%; control group: CR 37.5%, PR 62.5%). For the toxicity, the incidence of grade 3-4 adverse events had no difference between two groups (p = 0.786). No grade 5 adverse events occurred. CONCLUSION LDFRT combined with NACT could obviously improve the median volume reduction rate and ORR of primary tumor for T3-4 NPC patients, and the toxicity was similar and tolerable. This novel treatment could be a promising strategy to improve treatment response and needed to be confirmed further.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Feng
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, China; Department of Oncology, The Third People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Tang
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - M Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - S Wang
- APHP, Hopitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor. Service d'Oncologie-Radiothérapie, Créteil, France
| | - Q Yin
- The Third People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - H Ai
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - S Zhao
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Yin
- Sichuan Institute of Brain Science and Brain-like Intelligence, Chengdu, China
| | - D Liu
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Ren
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - J Li
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - F Li
- sichuan cancer hospital and institution, Chengdu, China
| | - J Lang
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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25
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Feng M, Zhao S, Fan M, Li L, Wang S, Ai H, Tang Y, Yin Y, Ren Y, Li J, Li F, Lang J. Long-Term Survival Outcome for Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Receiving Radiation to Primary and Metastatic Sites with Palliative Chemotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e581. [PMID: 37785765 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.1922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) A total of 6% - 8% of NPC patients were initial diagnosed as distant metastatic disease. The median overall survival (OS) is only 10-15 months with palliative chemotherapy for these patients. A phase III study showed that palliative chemotherapy combined with radical radiotherapy to primary site could be a newly effective treatment method for metastatic NPC. Another phase 2, RCT found that the patients who had the solid tumors with 1-5 metastases received standard palliative care plus stereotactic body radiation therapy (SABR), and the 5-year OS were improved to 42.3%. Nevertheless, there was few studies focus on the radiation to both primary site and metastatic lesions. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the potential clinical benefits for initial diagnosed metastatic NPC patients with radiation to both primary site and distant metastatic lesions plus palliative chemotherapy. MATERIALS/METHODS Metastatic NPC patients treated with radiation to both primary site and distant metastatic lesions plus palliative chemotherapy were retrospectively collected in our hospital from May 2008 to May 2022. For treatment group, all patients underwent IGRT according to ICRU reports 50 and 62. The prescribed dose for primary site: GTVT: ≥66Gy, GTVn: ≥66Gy, CTV1: 60-66Gy, CTV2 54-60Gy, CTVln 50-54Gy. And the prescribed dose for distant metastatic lesions was more than 30Gy. For the control group, the patients treated with palliative chemotherapy were selected by propensity score matching from our hospital. The regimen for palliative chemotherapy was cisplatin-based chemotherapy every three weeks (100mg/m2 D1) for both groups. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the OS. Cox regression model was used for multivariate analysis. RESULTS A total of 54 metastatic NPC patients with radiation to both primary site and distant metastatic lesions were retrospectively included in the treatment group, and another 54 patients were selected as the control group. The median follow-up time was 52 months. In the treatment group, the median age was 52 years (37-82), male (68%), female (32%), the main metastatic sites were bone (36 cases, 66%), lung (18 cases, 33%) and liver (10 cases, 18%). There were 23 oligometastasis cases and 31 cases. 3-year and 5-year OS in the treatment group were both dramatically improved than control group (63.2% vs 50.6%, p<0.05; 49.6% vs 38.9%, p<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that T stage, liver metastatic lesion and oligometastases were the independent prognostic factors for them. CONCLUSION Palliative chemotherapy combined with radiation to primary sites and distant metastatic lesions might improve the OS for initial diagnosed distant metastatic NPC patients. More prospective clinical trials were needed to confirm it further.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Feng
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, China; Department of Oncology, The Third People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - S Zhao
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - M Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - S Wang
- University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE
| | - H Ai
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Tang
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Yin
- Sichuan Institute of Brain Science and Brain-like Intelligence, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Ren
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - J Li
- Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - F Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - J Lang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Qi W, Li S, Xiao J, Zhang W, Mo Z, He SM, Li H, Chen J, Zhao S. Prediction of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Combined with Pembrolizumab in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma with CT/FDG PET Radiomic Signatures Based on Machine Learning Classification. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e358-e359. [PMID: 37785233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) PALACE-1 trial has confirm that the addition of pembrolizumab to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) improves the pathological complete response(pCR) for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), which might be a novel treatment strategy for ESCC. In the present study, we aim to establish a machine learning model to predict the local response to NCRT+ pembrolizumab for ESCC by using pretreatment 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) and contrast-enhanced plan CT images. MATERIALS/METHODS A total of 65 cases treated with NCRT+ pembrolizumab followed by surgery were prospectively enrolled for analysis from 2019-2022. Each patient contains a contrast-enhanced plan CT and FDG PET images. 52 patients were randomly divided into training set and 13 patients were used as test set. The Extraction of radiomics features was performed using an open-source Python library PyRadiomics automatically. Features were computed according to the radiologist-drawn ROIs on both CT and PET images. In the feature selection stage least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was utilized on CT features and PET features separately. Four different machine learning models were implemented: Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF) and XGBoost (XGB). The features selected by LASSO regression were used as model input and the output of the model is "pCR" or "non-pCR". To find the optimal parameter, the 5-fold cross-validation method was used in the training stage. In this study, we use accuracy, sensitivity and specificity as the metrics to evaluate the performance of the model on the testing cohort. The predictive performance of the model was assessed using the area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC). RESULTS Of the 65 cases treated with NCRT+pembrolizumab, 35 patients archived pCR (53.8%), and 30 archived non-pCR. 1684 radiomics features were extracted from each case, and half of them (842 features) were from CT and others were from PET. Among the machine learning models mentioned above SVM achieves the most promising performance on the evaluation metrics. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and AUC score on test set were 0.692, 0.833, 0.571 and 0.786 for CT features and 0.615, 0.667, 0.571 and 0.762 for PET features, respectively. For CT+FDG PET fused features accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and AUC score on test set were 0.769, 0.667, 0.857 and 0.833. CONCLUSION In this study, we performed several different machine learning models to predict the response to NCRT+ pembrolizumab among ESCC based on the extracted radiomics features from CT and FDG PET images. The best-performing model based on radiomics features of CT and PET images could identify non-pCR to NCRT + pembrolizumab in EC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Xiao
- Shenzhen United Imaging Research Institute of Innovative Medical Equipment, Shenzhen, China
| | - W Zhang
- Shanghai United Imaging Healthcare Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Mo
- Shenzhen United Imaging Research Institute of Innovative Medical Equipment, Shenzhen, China
| | - S M He
- United Imaging Research Institute of Intelligent Imaging, Beijing, China
| | - H Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Chen
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S Zhao
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen M, Zhou H, Cao L, Zhao S, Chen J. Improving Interfraction Robustness for IMPT Treatment Planning for Lung Cancer Using Multiple-CT Incorporated Robust Optimization. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e651. [PMID: 37785936 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.2075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Dose deterioration due to motion-induced density variation is a major concern in intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) for lung cancer. Robust optimization is capable to address the intrafraction motion issue but not the interfraction variation. This study aims to investigate the potential of a new robust optimization technique of IMPT in mitigating the interfraction variation of lung cancer patients. MATERIALS/METHODS Two optimization techniques were used to create an IMPT plan for a lung cancer case, one was conventional robust optimization (ROcon) considering the perturbation of 3 mm setup uncertainty and 3.5% range uncertainty, and the other was multiple-CT incorporated robust optimization (ROmul) considering one more perturbation quantified using the end-of-inhalation-phase (T0) and end-of-exhalation-phase (T50) CTs. The ROcon plan was optimized on the average-intensity-projection (AIP) planning CT (pCT), and the ROmul plan was optimized on the AIP, T0, and T50 pCTs. The dose prescription was 40 Gy (RBE) in 5 fractions. The patient underwent a verification 4DCT (vCT) scan on six successive days. Both plans were recalculated on the T0 pCT, T50 pCT, and AIP vCT. The dose to the target and organ at risk of the ROcon and ROmul plans on pCT and vCT were compared. RESULTS Compared with the ROcon plan, the ROmul plan reduced the deviation of target coverage by greater than 50% in presence of intrafraction motion (ROmul:0.38-0.88%, ROcon:1.90-2.23%) and interfraction variation (ROmul: 0.62-1.63% vs ROcon:0.50-2.75%) while meeting the dose criteria on the planning AIP CT. As for the dose to the organ at risk, the ROmul plan had a slightly high lung V20 (0.3%) than did the ROcon plan on the AIP pCT. The deviations in lung V20 of the ROmul plan (mean 0.15%) on the vCTs were similar to that of the ROcon plan (mean 0.17%). CONCLUSION This study indicates that dose variation of an IMPT plan can be reduced in presence of interfraction variation along the treatment course by combining conventional robust optimization and novel multiple-CT optimization using only the planning CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chen
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - H Zhou
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Cao
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - S Zhao
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Chen
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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28
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Li H, Hua L, Zhao S, Hao M, Song R, Pang S, Liu Y, Chen H, Zhang W, Shen T, Gou JY, Mao H, Wang G, Hao X, Li J, Song B, Lan C, Li Z, Deng XW, Dubcovsky J, Wang X, Chen S. Cloning of the wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr47 introgressed from Aegilops speltoides. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6072. [PMID: 37770474 PMCID: PMC10539295 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41833-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina Eriksson (Pt), is one of the most severe foliar diseases of wheat. Breeding for leaf rust resistance is a practical and sustainable method to control this devastating disease. Here, we report the identification of Lr47, a broadly effective leaf rust resistance gene introgressed into wheat from Aegilops speltoides. Lr47 encodes a coiled-coil nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat protein that is both necessary and sufficient to confer Pt resistance, as demonstrated by loss-of-function mutations and transgenic complementation. Lr47 introgression lines with no or reduced linkage drag are generated using the Pairing homoeologous1 mutation, and a diagnostic molecular marker for Lr47 is developed. The coiled-coil domain of the Lr47 protein is unable to induce cell death, nor does it have self-protein interaction. The cloning of Lr47 expands the number of leaf rust resistance genes that can be incorporated into multigene transgenic cassettes to control this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongna Li
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, 261325, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Hua
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, 261325, Shandong, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, 071000, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Ming Hao
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Song
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, 261325, Shandong, China
| | - Shuyong Pang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, 261325, Shandong, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, 071000, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yanna Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, 261325, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Tao Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, 261325, Shandong, China
| | - Jin-Ying Gou
- Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE) and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Hailiang Mao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Guiping Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, 261325, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohua Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, 261325, Shandong, China
| | - Jian Li
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, 261325, Shandong, China
| | - Baoxing Song
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, 261325, Shandong, China
| | - Caixia Lan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, China
| | - Zaifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, 071000, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xing Wang Deng
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, 261325, Shandong, China
| | - Jorge Dubcovsky
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, 071000, Baoding, Hebei, China.
| | - Shisheng Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang, 261325, Shandong, China.
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Gao Z, Li K, Xue XH, Zhao S, Wang SX, Li YW, Xi FH, Zhang Q. [Y-shaped osteotomy in the apical vertebra for treating congenital complex rigid scoliosis:at least 2-year follow-up]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 61:950-958. [PMID: 37767660 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20230621-00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the clinical outcome of the coronal Y-shaped osteotomy in the apical vertebra for treating congenital complex rigid scoliosis. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 66 cases who underwent Y-shaped osteotomy treatment for congenital complex rigid scoliosis in the uppermost vertebra at the Department of Orthopedics,the Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from June 2007 to August 2020. There were 19 males and 47 females,with an age of (13.1±5.3) years(range:2 to 30 years).Classification of congenital scoliosis:25 cases (37.9%) were incomplete,13 cases (19.7%) were dysarthritic,and 28 cases (42.4%) were mixed. There were 25 cases (37.9%) with thoracic or rib malformations. 45 cases (68.2%) were complicated with spinal cord malformation.The main radiological indicators included Cobb angle of the curvature,Cobb angle of the local bend,apical vertebral translation (AVT),trunk shift (TS),thoracic trunk shift (TTS),radiographic shoulder height (RSH),coronal balance and sagittal vertebral axis. The preoperative,postoperative immediate,and last follow-up radiological indicators were collected and the operation time,blood loss,hospitalization time,and operation-related complications were recorded. Data were compared by repeated measure ANOVA and paired-t test. Results: All patients underwent surgery successfully. The duration of the first surgery was (221.4±52.8) minutes,and the blood loss during the first surgery was (273.2±41.8) ml. The length of the first hospital stay was (8.8±1.7) days.Unilateral fixation was performed in 19 cases (28.8%),while bilateral fixation was performed in 47 cases (71.2%). The fused segments were 7.5±2.9,and the vertebral pedicle screw density was (68.5±20.6)%. The follow-up time for the 66 patients was (36.7±17.0) months(range:24 to 102 months).The main curve Cobb Angle was improved from (58.5±18.9)°before surgery to (21.1±11.8)°after surgery,and was (23.6±15.3) ° at the last follow-up(F=273.957,P<0.01),with a correction rate of 66.2%. Segmental curve Cobb Angle was improved from (47.9±18.0)° to (16.0±11.3)° after surgery,and was (16.8±12.8) °at the last follow-up (F=270.483,P<0.01)with a correction rate of 69.2%. The AVT,TS,TTS and RSH values improved significantly at the final follow-up (all P<0.05),while coronal balance and sagittal vertical axis were maintained without significant differences between pre-operation and post-operation(both P>0.05). A total of 5 patients underwent staged operation,all of which were residual scoliosis aggravated after the first stage of orthosis operation and had good prognosis after the second stage of operation. Conclusions: Y-shaped osteotomy for the treatment of congenital rigid scoliosis results in good clinical and radiological outcomes without serious complications. This procedure can be considered as an option for the treatment of congenital complex rigid scoliosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Gao
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,ChinaDepartment of Orthopedics
| | - K Li
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,ChinaDepartment of Orthopedics
| | - X H Xue
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,ChinaDepartment of Orthopedics
| | - S Zhao
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,ChinaDepartment of Orthopedics
| | - S X Wang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,ChinaDepartment of Orthopedics
| | - Y W Li
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,ChinaDepartment of Orthopedics
| | - F H Xi
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,ChinaDepartment of Orthopedics
| | - Q Zhang
- The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,ChinaDepartment of Orthopedics
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Liu ZY, Huang XB, Yang GM, Zhao S. TNF inhibitors associated with cardiovascular diseases and cardiometabolic risk factors: a Mendelian randomization study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:8556-8578. [PMID: 37782172 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202309_33781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is still disagreement about whether anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy is beneficial or detrimental to cardiovascular conditions. This two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study aimed to evaluate the effects of long-term tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibition on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and cardiometabolic risk factors via genetically proxied inhibition of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNF. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two genetic instruments were examined to mimic the long-term effect of TNF inhibitors. The first were single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within or nearby drug-target genes TNFRSF1A and TNF (encoding TNFR1 and TNF) associated with circulating CRP levels. The other instruments were the expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) near the genes. Inverse variance-weighted MR (IVW-MR) and summary-based MR (SMR) methods were employed to estimate causal effects. RESULTS In IVW-MR analysis, TNF-mediated circulating CRP levels were significantly associated with 4 out of 12 CVDs, including hypertension [odds ratio (OR) = 1.13; 95% CI, 1.09-1.18], coronary artery disease (OR = 3.18; 95% CI, 1.77-5.71), coronary atherosclerosis (OR = 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.08) and type 2 diabetes (OR = 3.48; 95% CI, 1.98-6.10). These findings were also validated in the FinnGen study. Moreover, TNF inhibition was also associated with total cholesterol, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, systolic blood pressure, serum cystatin C, height, weight, and body mass index. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the decrease in several CVDs and cardiometabolic risk factors has been found to be causally associated with genetically proxied TNF inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-Y Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Magpantay FMG, Mao J, Ren S, Zhao S, Meadows T. The reinfection threshold, revisited. Math Biosci 2023; 363:109045. [PMID: 37442222 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbs.2023.109045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
One mode by which infection-derived immunity fails is when recovery leads to a reduced but nonzero risk of reinfection. This type of partial protection is called leaky immunity with the degree of leakiness quantified by the relative probability a previously infected individual will get infected upon exposure compared to a naively susceptible individual. Previous authors have defined the reinfection threshold, which occurs when the basic reproduction number equals the inverse of the leakiness, however, there has been some debate about whether or not this is a real threshold. Here we show how the reinfection threshold relates to two important occurrences: (1) the point at which the endemic equilibrium changes from being a stable spiral to a stable node, and (2) the point at which the rate of change of the prevalence increases the most relative to leakiness. When the recovery period is short relative to the average lifetime then both occurrences are close to the reinfection threshold. We show how these results are related to the reinfection threshold found in other models of imperfect immunity. To further demonstrate the significance of this threshold in modeling, we conducted a simulation study to evaluate some of the consequences the reinfection threshold might have in parameter estimation and modeling. Using specific parameter values chosen to reflect an acute infection, we found that the basic reproduction number values larger than that of the reinfection threshold value were less identifiable than those below the threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M G Magpantay
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen's University, 48 University Avenue, Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 3N6.
| | - J Mao
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen's University, 48 University Avenue, Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 3N6; Department of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy, Queen's University, 64 Bader Lane, Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - S Ren
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen's University, 48 University Avenue, Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - S Zhao
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen's University, 48 University Avenue, Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - T Meadows
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Queen's University, 48 University Avenue, Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 3N6
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Zhou JJ, Wang W, Fu YY, Zhang Q, Li RQ, Zhao S, Sun QN, Wang DR. [Feasibility study of R method of gastrojejunostomy applied to Billroth II digestive tract reconstruction after laparoscopic radical distal gastrectomy]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 26:790-793. [PMID: 37574297 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20221205-00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
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Prasad M, Obana N, Lin SZ, Zhao S, Sakai K, Blanch-Mercader C, Prost J, Nomura N, Rupprecht JF, Fattaccioli J, Utada AS. Alcanivorax borkumensis biofilms enhance oil degradation by interfacial tubulation. Science 2023; 381:748-753. [PMID: 37590351 DOI: 10.1126/science.adf3345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
During the consumption of alkanes, Alcanivorax borkumensis will form a biofilm around an oil droplet, but the role this plays during degradation remains unclear. We identified a shift in biofilm morphology that depends on adaptation to oil consumption: Longer exposure leads to the appearance of dendritic biofilms optimized for oil consumption effected through tubulation of the interface. In situ microfluidic tracking enabled us to correlate tubulation to localized defects in the interfacial cell ordering. We demonstrate control over droplet deformation by using confinement to position defects, inducing dimpling in the droplets. We developed a model that elucidates biofilm morphology, linking tubulation to decreased interfacial tension and increased cell hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Prasad
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - N Obana
- Transborder Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - S-Z Lin
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, CPT (UMR 7332), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille, France
| | - S Zhao
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - K Sakai
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL Université, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes pour la Microfluidique, 75005 Paris, France
| | - C Blanch-Mercader
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie Curie UMR168, Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, 75248 Paris, France
| | - J Prost
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie Curie UMR168, Institut Curie, Paris Sciences et Lettres, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Sorbonne Université, 75248 Paris, France
- Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 117411 Singapore
| | - N Nomura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- TARA center, Univeristy of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - J-F Rupprecht
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, CPT (UMR 7332), Turing Centre for Living systems, Marseille, France
| | - J Fattaccioli
- PASTEUR, Département de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure, PSL Université, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut Pierre-Gilles de Gennes pour la Microfluidique, 75005 Paris, France
| | - A S Utada
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
- Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability (MiCS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
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Yang L, Zhao S, Liu S. Urban environments provide new perspectives for forecasting vegetation phenology responses under climate warming. Glob Chang Biol 2023; 29:4383-4396. [PMID: 37249105 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Given that already-observed temperature increase within cities far exceeds the projected global temperature rise by the end of the century, urban environments often offer a unique opportunity for studying ecosystem response to future warming. However, the validity of thermal gradients in space serving as a substitute for those in time is rarely tested. Here, we investigated vegetation phenology dynamics in China's 343 cities and empirically test whether phenological responses to spatial temperature rise in urban settings can substitute for those to temporal temperature rise in their natural counterparts based on satellite-derived vegetation phenology and land surface temperature from 2003 to 2018. We found prevalent advancing spring phenology with "high confidence" and delaying autumn phenology with "medium confidence" under the context of widespread urban warming. Furthermore, we showed that space cannot substitute for time in predicting phenological shifts under climate warming at the national scale and for most cities. The thresholds of ~11°C mean annual temperature and ~600 mm annual precipitation differentiated the magnitude of phenological sensitivity to temperature across space and through time. Below those thresholds, there existed stronger advanced spring phenology and delayed autumn phenology across the spatial urbanization gradients than through time, and vice versa. Despite the complex and diverse relationships between phenological sensitivities across space and through time, we found that the directions of the temperature changes across spatial gradients were converged (i.e., mostly increased), but divergent through temporal gradients (i.e., increased or decreased without a predominant direction). Similarly, vegetation phenology changes more uniformly over space than through time. These results suggested that the urban environments provide a real-world condition to understand vegetation phenology response under future warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
- College of Ecology and the Environment, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Shuguang Liu
- College of Ecology and the Environment, Hainan University, Hainan, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry & Ecology in South China, and College of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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Ji W, Peng Q, Fang X, Li Z, Li Y, Xu C, Zhao S, Li J, Chen R, Mo G, Wei Z, Xu Y, Li B, Zhang S. Author Correction: Structures of a deltacoronavirus spike protein bound to porcine and human receptors. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4379. [PMID: 37474576 PMCID: PMC10359441 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40128-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Ji
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qi Peng
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Xueqiong Fang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zehou Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Cunfa Xu
- Central Laboratory of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Jizong Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
- Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Guoxiang Mo
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhanyong Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Ying Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China.
- Jiangsu Coinnovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225000, China.
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Chen W, Liu S, Zhao S, Zhu Y, Feng S, Wang Z, Wu Y, Xiao J, Yuan W, Yan W, Ju H, Wang Q. Temporal dynamics of ecosystem, inherent, and underlying water use efficiencies of forests, grasslands, and croplands and their responses to climate change. Carbon Balance Manag 2023; 18:13. [PMID: 37450075 PMCID: PMC10347772 DOI: 10.1186/s13021-023-00232-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding temporal trends and varying responses of water use efficiency (WUE) to environmental changes of diverse ecosystems is key to predicting vegetation growth. WUE dynamics of major ecosystem types (e.g., forest, grassland and cropland) have been studied using various WUE definitions/metrics, but a comparative study on WUE dynamics and their driving forces among different ecosystem types using multiple WUE metrics is lacking. We used eddy covariance measurements for 42 FLUXNET2015 sites (396 site years) from 1997 to 2014, as well as three commonly used WUE metrics (i.e., ecosystem, inherent, and underlying WUE) to investigate the commonalities and differences in WUE trends and driving factors among deciduous broadleaf forests (DBFs), evergreen needleleaf forests (ENFs), grasslands, and croplands. RESULTS Our results showed that the temporal trends of WUE were not statistically significant at 73.8% of the forest, grassland and cropland sites, and none of the three WUE metrics exhibited better performance than the others in quantifying WUE. Meanwhile, the trends observed for the three WUE metrics were not significantly different among forest, grassland and cropland ecosystems. In addition, WUE was mainly driven by atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration at sites with significant WUE trends, and by vapor pressure deficit (VPD) at sites without significant trends (except cropland). CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed the commonalities and differences in the application of three WUE metrics in disparate ecosystems, and further highlighted the important effect of VPD on WUE change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shuguang Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Shuailong Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yiping Wu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingfeng Xiao
- Earth Systems Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Wenping Yuan
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, Guangdong, China
| | - Wende Yan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry and Ecology in South China, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Hui Ju
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qinyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Regional Ecology and Environmental Change, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Zhao S, Yang X, Yu Q, Liu LM. [Effects of in vivo targeted carboxylesterase 1f gene knockdown on the Kupffer cells polarization activity in mice with acute liver failure]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2023; 31:582-588. [PMID: 37400381 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20220330-00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of targeted carboxylesterase 1f (Ces1f) gene knockdown on the polarization activity of Kupffer cells (KC) induced by lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine (LPS/D-GalN) in mice with acute liver failure. Methods: The complex siRNA-EndoPorter formed by combining the small RNA (siRNA) carrying the Ces1f-targeting interference sequence and the polypeptide transport carrier (Endoporter) was wrapped in β-1, 3-D glucan shell to form complex particles (GeRPs). Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a normal control group, a model group (LPS/D-GalN), a pretreatment group (GeRPs), a pretreatment model group (GeRPs+LPS/D-GalN), and an empty vector group (EndoPorter). Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and western blot were used to detect Ces1f mRNA and protein expression levels in the liver tissues of each mouse group. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression levels of KC M1 polarization phenotypic differentiation cluster 86(CD86) mRNA and KC M2 polarization phenotypic differentiation cluster 163 (CD163) mRNA in each group. Immunofluorescence double staining technique was used to detect the expression of Ces1f protein and M1/M2 polarization phenotype CD86/CD163 protein in KC. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the pathological damage to liver tissue. A one-way analysis of variance was used to compare the means among multiple groups, or an independent sample nonparametric rank sum test was used when the variances were uneven. Results: The relative expression levels of Ces1f mRNA/protein in liver tissue of the normal control group, model group, pretreatment group, and pretreatment model group were 1.00 ± 0.00, 0.80 ± 0.03/0.80 ± 0.14, 0.56 ± 0.08/0.52 ± 0.13, and 0.26 ± 0.05/0.29 ± 0.13, respectively, and the differences among the groups were statistically significant (F = 9.171/3.957, 20.740/9.315, 34.530/13.830, P < 0.01). The percentages of Ces1f-positive Kupffer cells in the normal control group, model group, pretreatment group, and pretreatment model group were 91.42%, ± 3.79%, 73.85% ± 7.03%, 48.70% ± 5.30%, and 25.68% ± 4.55%, respectively, and the differences between the groups were statistically significant (F = 6.333, 15.400, 23.700, P < 0.01). The relative expression levels of CD86 mRNA in the normal control group, model group, and pretreatment model group were 1.00 ± 0.00, 2.01 ± 0.04, and 4.17 ± 0.14, respectively, and the differences between the groups were statistically significant (F = 33.800, 106.500, P < 0.01). The relative expression levels of CD163 mRNA in the normal control group, the model group, and the pretreatment model group were 1.00 ± 0.00, 0.85 ± 0.01, and 0.65 ± 0.01, respectively, and the differences between the groups were statistically significant (F = 23.360, 55.350, P < 0.01). The percentages of (F4/80(+)CD86(+)) and (F4/80(+)CD163(+)) in the normal control group and model group and pretreatment model group were 10.67% ± 0.91% and 12.60% ± 1.67%, 20.02% ± 1.29% and 8.04% ± 0.76%, and 43.67% ± 2.71% and 5.43% ± 0.47%, respectively, and the differences among the groups were statistically significant (F = 11.130/8.379, 39.250/13.190, P < 0.01). The liver injury scores of the normal control group, the model group, and the pretreatment model group were 0.22 ± 0.08, 1.32 ± 0.36, and 2.17 ± 0.26, respectively, and the differences among the groups were statistically significant (F = 12.520 and 22.190, P < 0.01). Conclusion: Ces1f may be a hepatic inflammatory inhibitory molecule, and its inhibitory effect production may come from the molecule's maintenance of KC polarization phenotypic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Zhao
- Departent of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Songjiang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - X Yang
- Departent of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Songjiang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - Q Yu
- Departent of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Songjiang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - L M Liu
- Departent of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Songjiang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201600, China Departent of Infectious Disease, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201600, China
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Hon KL, Leung KKY, Wang M, Zhao S. COVID-19: evidence for 2-week versus 3-week quarantine. Hong Kong Med J 2023; 29:273-274. [PMID: 37349144 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj209254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K L Hon
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Paediatrics, CUHK Medical Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K K Y Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - M Wang
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S Zhao
- The Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Bao C, Deng F, Zhao S. Machine-learning models for prediction of sepsis patients mortality. Med Intensiva 2023; 47:315-325. [PMID: 36344339 DOI: 10.1016/j.medine.2022.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sepsis is an infection-caused syndrome, that leads to life-threatening organ damage. We aim to develop machine learning models with large-scale data to predict sepsis patients' mortality. DESIGN we extracted sepsis patients from two databases, Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) as a train set and Philips eICU Collaborative Research Database as a test set. SETTING ICUs in multicenter hospitals in the USA during 2012-2019. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS A total of 21,680 sepsis-3 patients are included in the study, in which, 3771 patients were dead and 17,909 survived during hospitalization, respectively. INTERVENTIONS No interventions. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST Basic information, examination items during hospitalization and some medication and treatment information are incorporated into analyzed. Seven different models were built with a Support vector machine, Decision Tree Classifier, Random Forest, Gradients Boosting, Multiple Layer Perception, Xgboost, light Gradients Boosting to predict dead or live during hospitalization. RESULTS Algorithms with an AUC value in the test set of the top three: light GBM, GBM, Xgboost. Considering the performance of the training set and the test set, the light GBM model performs best, and then the parameters of the model were adjusted, after that the AUC value was 0.99 in the train set, 0.96 in the test set, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Models built with light GBM algorithm from real-world sepsis patients from electronic health records accurately predict whether sepsis patients are dead and can be incorporated into clinical decision tools to enhance the prognosis of the patient and prevent adverse outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bao
- Xiangya Hospital, Department of Critical Care Medicine & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Hainan General Hospital, Department of Emergency, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - F Deng
- Xiangya Hospital, Department of Oncology, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - S Zhao
- Xiangya Hospital, Department of Critical Care Medicine & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Central South University, Hunan Intensive Care Medicine Research Centre, China.
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Plate RC, Jones C, Zhao S, Flum MW, Steinberg J, Daley G, Corbett N, Neumann C, Waller R. "But not the music": psychopathic traits and difficulties recognising and resonating with the emotion in music. Cogn Emot 2023; 37:748-762. [PMID: 37104122 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2023.2205105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Recognising and responding appropriately to emotions is critical to adaptive psychological functioning. Psychopathic traits (e.g. callous, manipulative, impulsive, antisocial) are related to differences in recognition and response when emotion is conveyed through facial expressions and language. Use of emotional music stimuli represents a promising approach to improve our understanding of the specific emotion processing difficulties underlying psychopathic traits because it decouples recognition of emotion from cues directly conveyed by other people (e.g. facial signals). In Experiment 1, participants listened to clips of emotional music and identified the emotional content (Sample 1, N = 196) or reported on their feelings elicited by the music (Sample 2, N = 197). Participants accurately recognised (t(195) = 32.78, p < .001, d = 4.69) and reported feelings consistent with (t(196) = 7.84, p < .001, d = 1.12) the emotion conveyed in the music. However, psychopathic traits were associated with reduced emotion recognition accuracy (F(1, 191) = 19.39, p < .001) and reduced likelihood of feeling the emotion (F(1, 193) = 35.45, p < .001), particularly for fearful music. In Experiment 2, we replicated findings for broad difficulties with emotion recognition (Sample 3, N = 179) and emotional resonance (Sample 4, N = 199) associated with psychopathic traits. Results offer new insight into emotion recognition and response difficulties that are associated with psychopathic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Plate
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C Jones
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S Zhao
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M W Flum
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Steinberg
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - G Daley
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - N Corbett
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C Neumann
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - R Waller
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Li JX, Sun L, Zhao S, Shao B, Guo YH, Chen S, Liang H, Sun Y. [Differences in clinicopathological features, gene mutations, and prognosis between primary gastric and intestinal gastrointestinal stromal tumors in 1061 patients]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 26:346-356. [PMID: 37072312 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20220531-00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinicopathological features and gene mutations of primary gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) of the stomach and intestine and the prognosis of intermediate- and high-risk GISTs. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study. Data of patients with GISTs admitted to Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from January 2011 to December 2019 were collected retrospectively. Patients with primary gastric or intestinal disease who had undergone endoscopic or surgical resection of the primary lesion and were confirmed pathologically as GIST were included. Patients treated with targeted therapy preoperatively were excluded. The above criteria were met by 1061 patients with primary GISTs, 794 of whom had gastric GISTs and 267 intestinal GISTs. Genetic testing had been performed in 360 of these patients since implementation of Sanger sequencing in our hospital in October 2014. Gene mutations in KIT exons 9, 11, 13, and 17 and PDGFRA exons 12 and 18 were detected by Sanger sequencing. The factors investigated in this study included: (1) clinicopathological data, such as sex, age, primary tumor location, maximum tumor diameter, histological type, mitotic index (/5 mm2), and risk classification; (2) gene mutation; (3) follow-up, survival, and postoperative treatment; and (4) prognostic factors of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for intermediate- and high-risk GIST. Results: (1) Clinicopathological features: The median ages of patients with primary gastric and intestinal GIST were 61 (8-85) years and 60 (26-80) years, respectively; The median maximum tumor diameters were 4.0 (0.3-32.0) cm and 6.0 (0.3-35.0) cm, respectively; The median mitotic indexes were 3 (0-113)/5 mm² and 3 (0-50)/5 mm², respectively; The median Ki-67 proliferation indexes were 5% (1%-80%) and 5% (1%-50%), respectively. The rates of positivity for CD117, DOG-1, and CD34 were 99.7% (792/794), 99.9% (731/732), 95.6% (753/788), and 100.0% (267/267), 100.0% (238/238), 61.5% (163/265), respectively. There were higher proportions of male patients (χ²=6.390, P=0.011), tumors of maximum diameter > 5.0 cm (χ²=33.593, P<0.001), high-risk (χ²=94.957, P<0.001), and CD34-negativity (χ²=203.138, P<0.001) among patients with intestinal GISTs than among those with gastric GISTs. (2) Gene mutations: Gene mutations were investigated in 286/360 patients (79.4%) with primary gastric GISTs and 74/360 (20.6%) with primary intestinal GISTs. Among the 286 patients with gastric primary GISTs, 79.4% (227/286), 8.4% (24/286), and 12.2% (35/286), had KIT mutations, PDGFRA mutations, and wild-type, respectively. Among the 74 patients with primary intestinal GISTs, 85.1% (63/74) had KIT mutations and 14.9% (11/74) were wild-type. The PDGFRA mutation rate was lower in patients with intestinal GISTs than in those with gastric GISTs[ 0% vs. 8.4%(24/286), χ²=6.770, P=0.034], whereas KIT exon 9 mutations occurred more often in those with intestinal GISTs [22.2% (14/63) vs. 1.8% (4/227), P<0.001]. There were no significant differences between gastric and intestinal GISTs in the rates of KIT exon 11 mutation type and KIT exon 11 deletion mutation type (both P>0.05). (3) Follow-up, survival, and postoperative treatment: After excluding 228 patients with synchronous and metachronous other malignant tumors, the remaining 833 patients were followed up for 6-124 (median 53) months with a follow-up rate of 88.6% (738/833). None of the patients with very low or low-risk gastric (n=239) or intestinal GISTs (n=56) had received targeted therapy postoperatively. Among 179 patients with moderate-risk GISTs, postoperative targeted therapy had been administered to 88/155 with gastric and 11/24 with intestinal GISTs. Among 264 patients with high-risk GISTs, postoperative targeted therapy had been administered to 106/153 with gastric and 62/111 with intestinal GISTs. The 3-, 5-, and 10-year PFS of patients with gastric or intestinal GISTs were 96.5%, 93.8%, and 87.6% and 85.7%, 80.1% and 63.3%, respectively (P<0.001). The 3-, 5-, and 10-year OS were 99.2%, 98.8%, 97.5% and 94.8%, 92.1%, 85.0%, respectively (P<0.001). (4) Analysis of predictors of intermediate- and high-risk GISTs: The 5-year PFS of patients with gastric and intestinal GISTs were 89.5% and 73.2%, respectively (P<0.001); The 5-year OS were 97.9% and 89.3%, respectively (P<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that high risk (HR=2.918, 95%CI: 1.076-7.911, P=0.035) and Ki-67 proliferation index > 5% (HR=2.778, 95%CI: 1.389-5.558, P=0.004) were independent risk factors for PFS in patients with intermediate- and high-risk GISTs (both P<0.05). Intestinal GISTs (HR=3.485, 95%CI: 1.407-8.634, P=0.007) and high risk (HR=3.753,95%CI:1.079-13.056, P=0.038) were independent risk factors for OS in patients with intermediate- and high-risk GISTs (both P<0.05). Postoperative targeted therapy was independent protective factor for PFS and OS (HR=0.103, 95%CI: 0.049-0.213, P<0.001; HR=0.210, 95%CI:0.078-0.564,P=0.002). Conclusions: Primary intestinal GIST behaves more aggressively than gastric GISTs and more frequently progress after surgery. Moreover, CD34 negativity and KIT exon 9 mutations occur more frequently in patients with intestinal GISTs than in those with gastric GISTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J X Li
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - S Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - B Shao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Y H Guo
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - S Chen
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - H Liang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital; National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
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Yang L, Zhao S. A stronger advance of urban spring vegetation phenology narrows vegetation productivity difference between urban settings and natural environments. Sci Total Environ 2023; 868:161649. [PMID: 36657668 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is posing dramatic effects on terrestrial vegetation dynamics. The links between vegetation phenology or vegetation activity (growth) and climate change have been widely reported, yet, less is known about the impacts of phenological shifts on vegetation growth. Urban settings characterized by urban heat island and CO2 dome are often used as ideal natural laboratories to understand how vegetation responds to global climate change. Here we assessed the impacts of phenology changes on vegetation growth in China using satellite phenology metrics and gross primary production (GPP) data from 2003 to 2018 and urban-natural contrast analysis. Compared with natural environments, phenological metrics (e.g., start/end of growing season (SOS/EOS), and the length of growing season (GSL), etc.) were observed to change more dramatically in urban environments. Furthermore, we found that GPP in both settings increased over time but with a higher increment in the urban environments, and the urban-natural vegetation productivity gap had been diminishing at a rate of 16.9 ± 6.76 g C m-2 y-1. The narrowing of the urban-natural GPP difference over time can be attributed to a more advanced SOS and extended GSL in urban settings than their natural counterparts, particularly SOS shift. These findings suggested that the distinct urban phenological shifts would become increasingly important in offsetting the loss of vegetation productivity induced by urbanization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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Chen Z, Cui C, Yin G, Jiang Y, Wu W, Lei J, Guo S, Zhang Z, Zhao S, Lu M. Detection of haemodynamic obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using the sub-aortic complex: a cardiac MRI and Doppler study. Clin Radiol 2023; 78:421-429. [PMID: 37024359 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2023.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the "sub-aortic complex (SAC)", a new cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI)-derived parameter, for the evaluation of left ventricular (LV) outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), compared with conventional CMRI parameters and Doppler echocardiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 157 consecutive patients with HCM were recruited retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups, 87 with LVOT obstruction and 70 without obstruction. The SAC was defined as a specific anatomical SAC affecting the LVOT, which were measured on the LV three-chamber steady-state free precession (SSFP) cine image at the end-systolic phase. The relations between the existence and severity of obstruction and SAC index (SACi) were evaluated using Pearson's correlation coefficient, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and logistic regression. RESULTS The SACs were significantly different between the obstructive and non-obstructive groups. The ROC curves indicated that the SACi was able to discriminate obstructive and non-obstructive patients with the best predictive accuracy (AUC = 0.949, p<0.001). The SACi was an independent predictor of LVOT obstruction and there was a significant negative correlation between resting LVOT pressure gradient and SACi (r=0.72 p<0.001). In the subgroup of patients with or without severe basal septal hypertrophy, the SACi was still able to predict LVOT obstruction with excellent diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.944 and 0.948, p<0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION The SAC is a reliable and straightforward CMRI marker for assessing LVOT obstruction. It is more effective than CMRI two-dimensional flow in diagnosing the severity of obstruction in patients with HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Chen
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cardiovascular Imaging and Intervention Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China; Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Intelligent Imaging Medical Engineering Research Center of Gansu Province, Accurate Image Collaborative Innovation International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Gansu Province, Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Radiology Imaging, Lanzhou 73000, People's Republic of China
| | - C Cui
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cardiovascular Imaging and Intervention Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - G Yin
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cardiovascular Imaging and Intervention Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Echocardiography, Cardiovascular Imaging and Intervention Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - W Wu
- Department of Echocardiography, Cardiovascular Imaging and Intervention Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China
| | - J Lei
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Intelligent Imaging Medical Engineering Research Center of Gansu Province, Accurate Image Collaborative Innovation International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Gansu Province, Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Radiology Imaging, Lanzhou 73000, People's Republic of China
| | - S Guo
- Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Intelligent Imaging Medical Engineering Research Center of Gansu Province, Accurate Image Collaborative Innovation International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Gansu Province, Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Radiology Imaging, Lanzhou 73000, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - S Zhao
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cardiovascular Imaging and Intervention Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China.
| | - M Lu
- Department of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cardiovascular Imaging and Intervention Center, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang Q, Zhao S, Ye Y, Bi N, Wang X, Zhang J, Li W, Yang K. [Establishment and evaluation of a method for extracting exogenous short DNA fragments of Schistosoma japonicum from urine samples]. Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi 2023; 35:15-21. [PMID: 36974010 DOI: 10.16250/j.32.1374.202262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish the method for extracting exogenous short DNA fragments of Schistosoma japonicum from urine samples, and to evaluate the efficiency of this method for extraction from urine samples treated with various methods. METHODS The S. japonicum SjG28 gene fragment was selected as a target sequence, and the 81 bp short DNA fragment was amplified on the target sequence using PCR assay. Following characterization using sequencing, the short DNA fragment was added into the urine samples as an exogenous short DNA fragment. Primers and probes were designed with SjG28 as a target gene, to establish the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay. The sensitivity of this qPCR assay was evaluated with exogenous short DNA fragments that were diluted at a 1:10 dilution ratio as the DNA template, and the specificity of the qPCR assay was evaluated with the genomic DNA of S. mansoni, S. haematobium, Babesia, Ancyiostoma duodenaie, Cionorchis sinensis, and Paragonimus westermani as DNA templates. Exogenous short DNA fragments were added into artificial and healthy volunteers' urine samples, followed by pH adjustment, centrifugation and concentration, and the efficiency of extracting exogenous short DNA fragments from urine samples was compared with the QIAmp Viral RNA Mini Kit (Qiagen kit) and BIOG cfDNA easy kit (BIOG kit). RESULTS An 81 bp small DNA fragment of S. japonicum was successfully prepared, and the lowest detection limit of the established qPCR assay was 100 copies/μL of the 81 bp small DNA fragment of S. japonicum. If the genomic DNA of S. japonicum, S. mansoni, S. haematobium, Babesia, A. duodenaie, C. sinensis, and P. westermani served as DNA templates, the qPCR assay only detected fluorescent signals with S. japonicum genomic DNA as the DNA template. If the pH values of artificial urine samples were adjusted to 5, 6, 7 and 8, the recovery rates were (49.12 ± 2.09)%, (84.52 ± 4.96)%, (89.38 ± 3.32)% and (87.82 ± 3.90)% for extracting the exogenous short DNA fragment of S. japonicum with the Qiagen kit, and were (2.30 ± 0.07)%, (8.11% ± 0.26)%, (13.35 ± 0.61)% and (20.82 ± 0.68)% with the BIOG kit, respectively (t = 38.702, 26.955, 39.042 and 29.571; all P values < 0.01). If the Qiagen kit was used for extracting the exogenous short DNA fragment from artificial urine samples, the lowest recovery rate was seen from urine samples with a pH value of 5 (all P values < 0.05), and there were no significant differences in the recovery rate from urine samples with pH values of 6, 7 and 8 (all P values > 0.05). Following centrifugation of artificial [(64.30 ± 1.00)% vs. (58.87 ± 0.26)%; t = 12.033, P < 0.05] and healthy volunteers' urine samples [(31 165 ± 1 017) copies/μL vs. (28 471 ± 818) copies/μL; t = 23.164, P < 0.05]. In addition, concentration of artificial urine samples with the 10 kDa Centrifugal Filter and concentration of healthy volunteers' urine samples with the 100 kDa Centrifugal Filter were both effective to increase the recovery of the Qiagen kit for extracting the exogenous short DNA fragment of S. japonicum (both P values < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS A method for extracting exogenous short DNA fragments of S. japonicum from urine samples has been successfully established, and the Qiagen kit has a high extraction efficiency. Adjustment of urine pH to 6 to 8 and concentration of healthy volunteers' urine samples with the 100 kDa Centrifugal Filter are both effective to increase the efficiency of extracting exogenous short DNA fragments of S. japonicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Zhang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - S Zhao
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - Y Ye
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - N Bi
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - X Wang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - J Zhang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - W Li
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
| | - K Yang
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214064, China
- Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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Som A, Di Capua J, Ellis J, Haroun R, Succi M, Huang J, Zhao S, Kalva S, Arellano R, Daye D, Irani Z, Uppot R. Abstract No. 529 Development of a Resident-Run IR Device Development Lab. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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Secor A, Zhao S, Wei L, Das P, Haddad T, Miah A, Spakowicz D, Lopez G, Husain M, Grogan M, Li M, Schweitzer C, Pilcher C, Uribe D, Cheng G, Phelps M, Guo J, Shields P, He K, Bertino E, Carbone D, Otterson G, Presley C, Owen D. PP01.25 Incidence and Timing of Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor as Monotherapy or in Combination With Chemotherapy. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Li S, Li L, Min S, Liu S, Qin Z, Xiong Z, Xu J, Wang B, Ding D, Zhao S. [Soybean isoflavones alleviate cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats by inhibiting ferroptosis and inflammatory cascade reaction]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 2023; 43:323-330. [PMID: 36946055 PMCID: PMC10034535 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.02.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism that mediates the effect of soybean isoflavones (SI) against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in light of the regulation of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), ferroptosis, inflammatory response and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. METHODS A total of 120 male SD rats were equally randomized into sham-operated group (Sham group), cerebral I/R injury group and SI pretreatment group (SI group). Focal cerebral I/R injury was induced in the latter two groups using a modified monofilament occlusion technique, and the intraoperative changes of real-time cerebral cortex blood flow were monitored using a laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF). The postoperative changes of cerebral pathological morphology and the ultrastructure of the neurons and the BBB were observed with optical and transmission electron microscopy. The neurological deficits of the rats was assessed, and the severities of cerebral infarction, brain edema and BBB disruption were quantified. The contents of Fe2+, GSH, MDA and MPO in the ischemic penumbra were determined with spectrophotometric tests. Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1βwere analyzed using ELISA, and the expressions of GPX4, MMP-9 and occludin around the lesion were detected with Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS The rCBF was sharply reduced in the rats in I/R group and SI group after successful insertion of the monofilament. Compared with those in Sham group, the rats in I/R group showed significantly increased neurological deficit scores, cerebral infarction volume, brain water content and Evans blue permeability (P < 0.01), decreased Fe2+ level, increased MDA level, decreased GSH content and GPX4 expression (P < 0.01), increased MPO content and serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β (P < 0.01), increased MMP-9 expression and lowered occludin expression (P < 0.01). All these changes were significantly ameliorated in rats pretreated with IS prior to I/R injury (P < 0.05 or 0.01). CONCLUSION SI preconditioning reduces cerebral I/R injury in rats possibly by improving rCBF, inhibiting ferroptosis and inflammatory response and protecting the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - S Min
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - S Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Z Qin
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - Z Xiong
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - J Xu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - B Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - D Ding
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
| | - S Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233000, China
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Nie X, Zhao S, Hao Y, Gu S, Zhang Y, Qi B, Xing Y, Qin L. Transcriptome analysis reveals key genes involved in the resistance to Cryphonectria parasitica during early disease development in Chinese chestnut. BMC Plant Biol 2023; 23:79. [PMID: 36740701 PMCID: PMC9901152 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04072-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chestnut blight, one of the most serious branch diseases in Castanea caused by Cryphonectria parasitica, which has ravaged across American chestnut and most of European chestnut since the early twentieth century. Interestingly, the Chinese chestnut is strongly resistant to chestnut blight, shedding light on restoring the ecological status of Castanea plants severely affected by chestnut blight. To better explore the early defense of Chinese chestnut elicited in response to C. parasitica, the early stage of infection process of C. parasitica was observed and RNA sequencing-based transcriptomic profiling of responses of the chestnut blight-resistant wild resource 'HBY-1' at 0, 3 and 9 h after C. parasitica inoculation was performed. RESULTS First, we found that 9 h was a critical period for Chinese chestnut infected by C. parasitica, which was the basis of further study on transcriptional activation of Chinese chestnut in response to chestnut blight in the early stage. In the transcriptome analysis, a total of 283 differentially expressed genes were identified between T9 h and Mock9 h, and these DEGs were mainly divided into two clusters, one of which was metabolism-related pathways including biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and photosynthesis; the other was related to plant-pathogen interaction and MAPK signal transduction. Meanwhile, the two clusters of pathways could be connected through junction among phosphatidylinositol signaling system, phytohormone signaling pathway and α-Linolenic acid metabolism pathway. It is worth noting that genes associated with JA biosynthesis and metabolic pathway were significantly up-regulated, revealing that the entire JA metabolic pathway was activated in Chinese chestnut at the early stage of chestnut blight infection. CONCLUSION We identified the important infection nodes of C. parasitica and observed the morphological changes of Chinese chestnut wounds at the early stage of infection. In response to chestnut blight, the plant hormone and MAPK signal transduction pathways, plant-pathogen interaction pathways and metabolism-related pathways were activated at the early stage. JA biosynthesis and metabolic pathway may be particularly involved in the Chinese chestnut resistance to chestnut blight. These results contributes to verifying the key genes involved in the resistance of Chinese chestnut to C. parasitica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghua Nie
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqiong Hao
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Si Gu
- Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Baoxiu Qi
- Pharmacy and Biomolecular Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Yu Xing
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
| | - Ling Qin
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.
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Li HT, Jang HJ, Rohena-Rivera K, Liu M, Gujar H, Kulchycki J, Zhao S, Billet S, Zhou X, Weisenberger DJ, Gill I, Jones PA, Bhowmick NA, Liang G. RNA mis-splicing drives viral mimicry response after DNMTi therapy in SETD2-mutant kidney cancer. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112016. [PMID: 36662621 PMCID: PMC10034851 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumors with mutations in chromatin regulators present attractive targets for DNA hypomethylating agent 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC) therapy, which further disrupts cancer cells' epigenomic fidelity and reactivates transposable element (TE) expression to drive viral mimicry responses. SETD2 encodes a histone methyltransferase (H3K36me3) and is prevalently mutated in advanced kidney cancers. Here, we show that SETD2-mutant kidney cancer cells are especially sensitive in vitro and in vivo to DAC treatment. We find that the viral mimicry response are direct consequences of mis-splicing events, such as exon inclusions or extensions, triggered by DAC treatment in an SETD2-loss context. Comprehensive epigenomic analysis reveals H3K9me3 deposition, rather than DNA methylation dynamics, across intronic TEs might contribute to elevated mis-splicing rates. Through epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses, we show that SETD2-deficient kidney cancers are prone to mis-splicing, which can be therapeutically exacerbated with DAC treatment to increase viral mimicry activation and provide synergy with combinatorial immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tao Li
- Department of Urology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - H Josh Jang
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Krizia Rohena-Rivera
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Minmin Liu
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Hemant Gujar
- Department of Urology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Justin Kulchycki
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- Department of Urology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Sandrin Billet
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- Department of Urology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Daniel J Weisenberger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Inderbir Gill
- Department of Urology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Peter A Jones
- Department of Epigenetics, Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.
| | - Neil A Bhowmick
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA.
| | - Gangning Liang
- Department of Urology, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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Yang C, Zhao S. Scaling of Chinese urban CO 2 emissions and multiple dimensions of city size. Sci Total Environ 2023; 857:159502. [PMID: 36265639 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cities are both the primary cause of global climate change and the key to the mitigation agenda. China's unprecedented urbanization has paralleled a growth in energy demand and urban areas have emerged as the crux of CO2 emissions reduction in China. There is a crucial need for policymakers to understand how CO2 emissions scale with city size and adopt economies of scale (cost savings) for mitigation, particularly through a multidimensional lens of city size. This study reveals a set of scaling relations between urban scope 1 CO2 emissions and five dimensions of city size in 340 Chinese cities, including population (POP), built-up area (BA), building height (BH), specific built-up area (SBA), and built-up volume (BV). The findings show that CO2 emissions in Chinese cities scale linearly with POP and BA but sublinearly with BA, SBA, and BV, and more diverse regimes exist across various geographic zones, population hierarchies, administrative hierarchies, and governance contexts. The prevalent sublinear scaling regime between CO2 emissions and SBA and BV demonstrates the potential importance of optimizing the vertical built-up landscapes for establishing a zero‑carbon society. Furthermore, the top 10 % and bottom 10 % performance of individual cities in emissions identified by the Scale-Adjusted Metropolitan Indicator (SAMI) (the smaller the better) highlights the imprints of the socioeconomic context (e.g., Low Carbon City Initiative) on the scaling of CO2 emissions in Chinese cities, which is critical for developing decarbonization strategies. Our multidimensional analysis can assist in the local-tailored low-carbon development of Chinese cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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